1
|
Comparative transcriptomic analysis provides insights into the genetic networks regulating oil differential production in oil crops. BMC Biol 2024; 22:110. [PMID: 38735918 PMCID: PMC11089805 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01909-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants differ more than threefold in seed oil contents (SOCs). Soybean (Glycine max), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), rapeseed (Brassica napus), and sesame (Sesamum indicum) are four important oil crops with markedly different SOCs and fatty acid compositions. RESULTS Compared to grain crops like maize and rice, expanded acyl-lipid metabolism genes and relatively higher expression levels of genes involved in seed oil synthesis (SOS) in the oil crops contributed to the oil accumulation in seeds. Here, we conducted comparative transcriptomics on oil crops with two different SOC materials. In common, DIHYDROLIPOAMIDE DEHYDROGENASE, STEAROYL-ACYL CARRIER PROTEIN DESATURASE, PHOSPHOLIPID:DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE, and oil-body protein genes were both differentially expressed between the high- and low-oil materials of each crop. By comparing functional components of SOS networks, we found that the strong correlations between genes in "glycolysis/gluconeogenesis" and "fatty acid synthesis" were conserved in both grain and oil crops, with PYRUVATE KINASE being the common factor affecting starch and lipid accumulation. Network alignment also found a conserved clique among oil crops affecting seed oil accumulation, which has been validated in Arabidopsis. Differently, secondary and protein metabolism affected oil synthesis to different degrees in different crops, and high SOC was due to less competition of the same precursors. The comparison of Arabidopsis mutants and wild type showed that CINNAMYL ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE 9, the conserved regulator we identified, was a factor resulting in different relative contents of lignins to oil in seeds. The interconnection of lipids and proteins was common but in different ways among crops, which partly led to differential oil production. CONCLUSIONS This study goes beyond the observations made in studies of individual species to provide new insights into which genes and networks may be fundamental to seed oil accumulation from a multispecies perspective.
Collapse
|
2
|
Spatial Information Lasing Enabled by Full-k-Space Bound States in the Continuum. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:183801. [PMID: 38759196 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.183801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Optical amplification and massive information transfer in modern physics depend on stimulated radiation. However, regardless of traditional macroscopic lasers or emerging micro- and nanolasers, the information modulations are generally outside the lasing cavities. On the other hand, bound states in the continuum (BICs) with inherently enormous Q factors are limited to zero-dimensional singularities in momentum space. Here, we propose the concept of spatial information lasing, whose lasing information entropy can be correspondingly controlled by near-field Bragg coupling of guided modes. This concept is verified in gain-loss metamaterials supporting full-k-space BICs with both flexible manipulations and strong confinement of light fields. The counterintuitive high-dimensional BICs exist in a continuous energy band, which provide a versatile platform to precisely control each lasing Fourier component and, thus, can directly convey rich spatial information on the compact size. Single-mode operation achieved in our scheme ensures consistent and stable lasing information. Our findings can be expanded to different wave systems and open new scenarios in informational coherent amplification and high-Q physical frameworks for both classical and quantum applications.
Collapse
|
3
|
Novel alternative tools for metastatic pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas prediction. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:1191-1203. [PMID: 38206552 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02239-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The existing prediction models for metastasis in pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas (PPGLs) showed high heterogeneity in different centers. Therefore, this study aimed to establish new prediction models integrating multiple variables based on different algorithms. DESIGN AND METHODS Data of patients with PPGLs undergoing surgical resection at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2007 to 2022 were collected retrospectively. Patients were randomly divided into the training and testing sets in a ratio of 7:3. Subsequently, decision trees, random forest, and logistic models were constructed for metastasis prediction with the training set and Cox models for metastasis-free survival (MFS) prediction with the total population. Additionally, Ki-67 index and tumor size were transformed into categorical variables for adjusting models. The testing set was used to assess the discrimination and calibration of models and the optimal models were visualized as nomograms. Clinical characteristics and MFS were compared between patients with and without risk factors. RESULTS A total of 198 patients with 59 cases of metastasis were included and classified into the training set (n = 138) and testing set (n = 60). Among all models, the logistic regression model showed the best discrimination for metastasis prediction with an AUC of 0.891 (95% CI, 0.793-0.990), integrating SDHB germline mutations [OR: 96.72 (95% CI, 16.61-940.79)], S-100 (-) [OR: 11.22 (95% CI, 3.04-58.51)], ATRX (-) [OR: 8.42 (95% CI, 2.73-29.24)] and Ki-67 ≥ 3% [OR: 7.98 (95% CI, 2.27-32.24)] evaluated through immunohistochemistry (IHC), and tumor size ≥ 5 cm [OR: 4.59 (95% CI, 1.34-19.13)]. The multivariate Cox model including the above risk factors also showed a high C-index of 0.860 (95% CI, 0.810-0.911) in predicting MFS after surgery. Furthermore, patients with the above risk factors showed a significantly poorer MFS (P ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Models established in this study provided alternative and reliable tools for clinicians to predict PPGLs patients' metastasis and MFS. More importantly, this study revealed for the first time that IHC of ATRX could act as an independent predictor of metastasis in PPGLs.
Collapse
|
4
|
[Application of computational fluid dynamics in the evaluation of left ventricular function in cardiomyopathies and coronary disease]. ZHONGHUA WAI KE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF SURGERY] 2024; 62:467-472. [PMID: 38548618 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20231020-00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is an emerging technology applied in the field of cardiovascular medicine, which can obtain hemodynamic data by simulating the blood flow in the patient's heart for cardiac function assessment and disease diagnosis. Left ventricular function plays a key role in the occurrence and development of cardiomyopathies and coronary disease. CFD can reconstruct the left ventricular anatomic structures of patients to clarify pathophysiologic mechanisms and analyze hemodynamic parameters to evaluate left ventricular function, verify surgical efficacy, and guide surgical strategy, which has a positive effect on achieving early diagnosis and reducing mortality from cardiomyopathies and coronary disease. At present, there are still technical limitations in the large-scale clinical application of CFD, and various solutions are being developed and tested, and further improvement and refinement are needed.
Collapse
|
5
|
Mirror Symmetry Broken of Sound Vortex Transmission in a Single Passive Metasurface via Phase Coupling. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:177001. [PMID: 38728709 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.177001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Asymmetric transmission in a passive vortex system is highly desirable, as it enables the development of compact vortex-based devices. However, breaking the mirror symmetry of transmission via a single metasurface poses challenges due to the inherent symmetric transmission properties in reciprocity. Here, we theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel transmission-reflection phase coupling mechanism to achieve the broken mirror symmetry of sound vortex transmission. This mechanism establishes a special coupling link between transmission and reflection waves, superimposing asymmetric reflection phases on the transmission phases. By utilizing a single passive phase gradient metasurface with asymmetric reflection phase twists, distinct transmission phase twists for mirror-symmetric incident vortices can be achieved within a cylindrical waveguide. This is typically difficult to imple-ment in a reciprocal system. Numerical and experimental results both demonstrate the broken mirror symmetry of vortex transmission and reflection. Our findings offer a new strategy for controlling vortex wave propagation, which may inspire new directional applications and extend to the field of photonics.
Collapse
|
6
|
Frequency of an intrathecal IgM synthesis and MRZ reaction in children with MS. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2024; 50:51-56. [PMID: 38636242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the CNS. An intrathecal IgM synthesis is associated with a more rapid progression of MS and the intrathecal immune response to measles -, rubella -and varicella zoster virus (MRZR) which, if present, increases the likelihood of a diagnosis of MS in adults. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the frequency of an intrathecal IgM synthesis and MRZR in children with MS. MethodsChildren with MS and a data set including clinical and treatment history, MRI at onset, in addition to a CSF analysis, and determination of antibody index (AI) of measles, rubella, and zoster antibodies, were eligible. The presence of an intrathecal IgM synthesis and/or a positive MRZ reaction were compared to biomarkers of a more progressive disease course. RESULTS In 75 children with MS, OCBs were present in 93.3 %). 49,2 % experienced their first relapse within 6 months. 50.7 % had a total lesion load of more than 10 lesions in the first brain MRI. Spinal lesions were identified in 64 %. 23.5 % had a positive MRZR and 40.3 % an intrathecal IgM synthesis. No significant associations were detected between the presence of an intrathecal IgM synthesis and MRZR and parameters including the relapse rate in the first two years. CONCLUSION An intrathecal IgM synthesis and a positive MRZR are found in a subset of MS children but are not associated with markers associated with a poor prognosis.
Collapse
|
7
|
Study of association between corneal shape parameters and axial length elongation during orthokeratology using image-pro plus software. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:163. [PMID: 38609888 PMCID: PMC11010382 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03398-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim was to validate the correlation between corneal shape parameters and axial length growth (ALG) during orthokeratology using Image-Pro Plus (IPP) 6.0 software. METHODS This retrospective study used medical records of myopic children aged 8-13 years (n = 104) undergoing orthokeratology. Their corneal topography and axial length were measured at baseline and subsequent follow-ups after lens wear. Corneal shape parameters, including the treatment zone (TZ) area, TZ diameter, TZ fractal dimension, TZ radius ratio, eccentric distance, pupil area, and pupillary peripheral steepened zone(PSZ) area, were measured using IPP software. The impact of corneal shape parameters at 3 months post-orthokeratology visit on 1.5-year ALG was evaluated using multivariate linear regression analysis. RESULTS ALG exhibited significant associations with age, TZ area, TZ diameter, TZ fractal dimension, and eccentric distance on univariate linear regression analysis. Multivariate regression analysis identified age, TZ area, and eccentric distance as significantly correlated with ALG (all P < 0.01), with eccentric distance showing the strongest correlation (β = -0.370). The regressive equation was y = 1.870 - 0.235a + 0.276b - 0.370c, where y represents ALG, a represents age, b represents TZ area, and c represents eccentric distance; R2 = 0.27). No significant relationships were observed between the TZ radius ratio, pupillary PSZ area, and ALG. CONCLUSIONS IPP software proves effective in capturing precise corneal shape parameters after orthokeratology. Eccentric distance, rather than age or the TZ area, significantly influences ALG retardation.
Collapse
|
8
|
[Clinical features of patients with metastatic pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2024; 104:1174-1179. [PMID: 38583049 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230820-00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical features of patients with metastatic pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL). Methods: A follow-up study. The clinical data of 250 patients with metastatic PPGL treated at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2018 to August 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, including 124 males and 126 females. The clinical features and treatment status of patients with metastatic PPGL were summarized and analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to evaluate patients' prognosis. Results: The age of onset, age of diagnosis, and age of tumor metastasis in patients with metastatic PPGL were (33.1±14.2) years, (35.4±15.2) years, and (40.7±15.3) years, respectively. Metastasis occurred in 26.4%(66/250) of patients at the time of initial diagnosis. Among patients without metastases at the time of initial diagnosis, the time from primary tumor resection to metastasis[M(Q1, Q3)] was 5.0 (3.0, 9.0) years, among which 20.1%(37/184) of patients had metastases more than 10 years after surgery. Most patients showed increased 24-hour urinary norepinephrine and plasma normetanephrine, accounting for 78.2%(176/225) and 78.7%(85/108), respectively. 42.3%(69/163) of patients had increased neuron specific enolase (NSE)levels. Germline mutations were screened in 201 patients, of which 55.2%(111/201) had germline pathogenic mutations. In patients with gene mutations, 76.5%(85/111) had SDHB mutations. 52.0%(130/250) of metastatic PPGL patients had primary sites outside the adrenal gland, with the Ki-67 index of 5% (3%, 8%). There were 85.6%(214/250) patients had multisystem metastasis, with bone metastasis being the most common site of metastasis, accounting for 60.8%(152/250). In terms of treatment, 32.8%(75/229) of patients underwent two treatment regimens and 8.7%(20/229) of patients underwent three treatment regimens. Most patients had a good prognosis, with a 5-year and 10-year survival rate of 88.0% and 84.0%, respectively. However, some patients had rapid disease progression, and as of August 2023, 30 patients died, and the time from diagnosis to death in deceased patients was 2.0 (1.0, 4.0) years. Conclusions: Patients with metastatic PPGL have a high rate of germline mutations, especially those with SDHB mutations. The metastatic PPGL is usually multisystem metastasis with the characteristics of mostly paraganglioma, large lesion diameter and high Ki-67 index.
Collapse
|
9
|
Intelligently Quantifying the Entire Irregular Dental Structure. J Dent Res 2024; 103:378-387. [PMID: 38372132 DOI: 10.1177/00220345241226871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of irregular anatomical structures is crucial in oral medicine, but clinicians often typically measure only several representative indicators within the structure as references. Deep learning semantic segmentation offers the potential for entire quantitative analysis. However, challenges persist, including segmentation difficulties due to unclear boundaries and acquiring measurement landmarks for clinical needs in entire quantitative analysis. Taking the palatal alveolar bone as an example, we proposed an artificial intelligence measurement tool for the entire quantitative analysis of irregular dental structures. To expand the applicability, we have included lightweight networks with fewer parameters and lower computational demands. Our approach finally used the lightweight model LU-Net, addressing segmentation challenges caused by unclear boundaries through a compensation module. Additional enamel segmentation was conducted to establish a measurement coordinate system. Ultimately, we presented the entire quantitative information within the structure in a manner that meets clinical needs. The tool achieved excellent segmentation results, manifested by high Dice coefficients (0.934 and 0.949), intersection over union (0.888 and 0.907), and area under the curve (0.943 and 0.949) for palatal alveolar bone and enamel in the test set. In subsequent measurements, the tool visualizes the quantitative information within the target structure by scatter plots. When comparing the measurements against representative indicators, the tool's measurement results show no statistically significant difference from the ground truth, with small mean absolute error, root mean squared error, and errors interval. Bland-Altman plots and intraclass correlation coefficients indicate the satisfactory agreement compared with manual measurements. We proposed a novel intelligent approach to address the entire quantitative analysis of irregular image structures in the clinical setting. This contributes to enabling clinicians to swiftly and comprehensively grasp structural features, facilitating the design of more personalized treatment plans for different patients, enhancing clinical efficiency and treatment success rates in turn.
Collapse
|
10
|
Polarization-insensitive high-numerical-aperture metalens for wide-field super-resolution imaging. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:1640-1643. [PMID: 38560825 DOI: 10.1364/ol.506612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The development of super-oscillatory lens (SOL) offers opportunities to realize far-field label-free super-resolution microscopy. Most microscopes based on a high numerical aperture (NA) SOL operate in the point-by-point scanning mode, resulting in a slow imaging speed. Here, we propose a high-NA metalens operating in the single-shot wide-field mode to achieve real-time super-resolution imaging. An optimization model based on the exhaustion algorithm and angular spectrum (AS) theory is developed for metalens design. We numerically demonstrate that the optimized metalens with an NA of 0.8 realizes the imaging resolution (imaging pixel size) about 0.85 times the Rayleigh criterion. The metalens can achieve super-resolution imaging of an object with over 200 pixels, which is one order of magnitude higher than the unoptimized metalens. Our method provides an avenue toward single-shot far-field label-free super-resolution imaging for applications such as real-time imaging of living cells and temporally moving particles.
Collapse
|
11
|
Distributed Energy-Based Estimation Over Harvesting-Constrained Sensor Networks. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CYBERNETICS 2024; 54:2545-2553. [PMID: 37159316 DOI: 10.1109/tcyb.2023.3270872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This article investigates the distributed joint state and fault estimation issue for a class of nonlinear time-varying systems over sensor networks constrained by energy harvesting. It is assumed that data transmission between sensors requires energy consumption, and each sensor can harvest energy from the external environment. A Poisson process models the energy harvested by each sensor, and the sensor's transmission decision depends on its current energy level. One can obtain the sensor transmission probability through a recursive calculation of the probability distribution of the energy level. Under such energy harvesting constraints, the proposed estimator only uses local and neighbor data to simultaneously estimate the system state and the fault, thereby establishing a distributed estimation framework. Moreover, the estimation error covariance is determined to possess an upper bound, which is minimized by devising energy-based filtering parameters. The convergence performance of the proposed estimator is analyzed. Finally, a practical example is presented to verify the usefulness of the main results.
Collapse
|
12
|
Corrigendum to Triple-negative breast cancer: predictive model of early recurrence based on MRI features [78 (11) e798-e807]. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:e640. [PMID: 38316571 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
|
13
|
Targeted long-read sequencing for comprehensive detection of CYP21A2 mutations in patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:833-841. [PMID: 37815751 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02197-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 21-Hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) is caused by pathogenic CYP21A2 variations. CYP21A2 is arranged in tandem with its highly homologous pseudogene CYP21A1P; therefore, it is prone to mismatch and rearrangement, producing different types of complex variations. There were few reports on using only one method to detect different CYP21A2 variants simultaneously. AIMS Targeted long-read sequencing method was used to detect all types of CYP21A2 variants in a series of patients with 21-OHD. METHODS A total of 59 patients with 21-OHD were enrolled from Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Long-range locus-specific PCR and long-read sequencing (LRS) were performed to detect the pathogenic variants in CYP21A2. RESULTS Copy-number variants of CYP21A2 were found in 25.4% of patients, including 5.1% with 3 copies of CYP21A2, 16.9% with 1 copy of CYP21A2, and 3.4% with 0 copy of CYP21A2. The remaining 74.6% of patients had 2 copies of CYP21A2. Pathogenic variants were identified in all 121 alleles of 59 patients. Specifically, single-nucleotide variants and small insertions/deletions (< 50 bp) were detected in 79 alleles, of which conversed from CYP21A1P were detected in 63 alleles, and rare variants were found in the other 16 alleles. Large gene conversions (> 50 bp) from pseudogene were detected in 10 alleles, and different chimeric genes (CYP21A1P/CYP21A2 or TNXA/TNXB) formed by large deletions were detected in 32 alleles. Of all variants, p.I173N was the most common variant (19.0%). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that targeted long-read sequencing is a comprehensive method for detecting CYP21A2 variations, which is helpful for genetic diagnosis in 21-OHD patients.
Collapse
|
14
|
Hyperbolic metamaterial empowered controllable photonic Weyl nodal line semimetals. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2773. [PMID: 38555373 PMCID: PMC10981722 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47125-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Motivated by unique topological semimetals in condensed matter physics, we propose an effective Hamiltonian with four degrees of freedom to describe evolutions of photonic double Weyl nodal line semimetals in one-dimensional hyper-crystals, which supports the energy bands translating or rotating independently in the form of Weyl quasiparticles. Especially, owing to the unit cells without inversion symmetry, a pair of reflection-phase singularities carrying opposite topological charges emerge near each nodal line, and result in a unique bilateral drumhead surface state. After reducing radiation leakages and absorption losses, these two singularities gather together gradually, and form a quasi-bound state in the continuum (quasi-BIC) ring at the nodal line ultimately. Our work not only reports the first realization of controllable photonics Weyl nodal line semimetals, establishes a bridge between two independent topological concepts-BICs and Weyl semimetals, but also heralds new possibilities for unconventional device applications, such as dual-mode schemes for highly sensitive sensing and switching.
Collapse
|
15
|
Utilizing network pharmacology and experimental validation to investigate the underlying mechanism of Denglao Qingguan decoction against HCoV-229E. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27829. [PMID: 38533054 PMCID: PMC10963236 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Denglao Qingguan decoction (DLQGD) has been extensively utilized for the treatment of colds, demonstrating significant therapeutic efficacy. Human Coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) is considered a crucial etiological agent of influenza. However, the specific impact and underlying mechanisms of DLQGD on HCoV-229E remain poorly understood. Methods Active ingredients and targets information of DLQGD were collected from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), literature search, and Swiss ADEM database. The Genecard database was used to collect HCoV-229E related targets. We built an "ingredient-target network" through Cytoscape. Protein - Protein interaction (PPI) networks were mapped using the String database. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) were enriched using the DAVID database. Then, we used molecular docking techniques to verify the binding activity between the core compounds and the core gene targets. Finally, in vitro experiments were conducted to validate DLQGD's antiviral activity against HCoV-229E and assess its anti-inflammatory effects. Results In total, we identified 227 active components in DLQGD. 18 key targets involved in its activity against HCoV-229E. Notably, the core active ingredients including quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, β-sitosterol, and apigenin, and the core therapeutic targets were CXCL8, RELA, MAPK14, NFKB1, and CXCL10, all associated with HCoV-229E. KEGG enrichment results included IL-17 signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway and so on. The core active ingredients and the core therapeutic targets and Human Aminopeptidase N (ANPEP) all showed good binding activity by molecular docking verification. In vitro, DLQGD exhibited anti-HCoV-229E activity and anti-inflammatory effects. Conclusion Our study suggests that DLQGD has both effects of anti-HCoV-229E and anti-inflammatory. The core active ingredients (quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, β-sitosterol, apigenin) and the core therapeutic targets (CXCL8, RELA, MAPK14, NFKB1, CXCL10) may play key roles in the pharmacological action of DLQGD against HCoV-229E.
Collapse
|
16
|
Amplitude Analysis of the B^{0}→K^{*0}μ^{+}μ^{-} Decay. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:131801. [PMID: 38613276 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.131801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
An amplitude analysis of the B^{0}→K^{*0}μ^{+}μ^{-} decay is presented using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb^{-1} of pp collision data collected with the LHCb experiment. For the first time, the coefficients associated to short-distance physics effects, sensitive to processes beyond the standard model, are extracted directly from the data through a q^{2}-unbinned amplitude analysis, where q^{2} is the μ^{+}μ^{-} invariant mass squared. Long-distance contributions, which originate from nonfactorizable QCD processes, are systematically investigated, and the most accurate assessment to date of their impact on the physical observables is obtained. The pattern of measured corrections to the short-distance couplings is found to be consistent with previous analyses of b- to s-quark transitions, with the largest discrepancy from the standard model predictions found to be at the level of 1.8 standard deviations. The global significance of the observed differences in the decay is 1.4 standard deviations.
Collapse
|
17
|
Measurements of All-Particle Energy Spectrum and Mean Logarithmic Mass of Cosmic Rays from 0.3 to 30 PeV with LHAASO-KM2A. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:131002. [PMID: 38613275 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.131002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
We present the measurements of all-particle energy spectrum and mean logarithmic mass of cosmic rays in the energy range of 0.3-30 PeV using data collected from LHAASO-KM2A between September 2021 and December 2022, which is based on a nearly composition-independent energy reconstruction method, achieving unprecedented accuracy. Our analysis reveals the position of the knee at 3.67±0.05±0.15 PeV. Below the knee, the spectral index is found to be -2.7413±0.0004±0.0050, while above the knee, it is -3.128±0.005±0.027, with the sharpness of the transition measured with a statistical error of 2%. The mean logarithmic mass of cosmic rays is almost heavier than helium in the whole measured energy range. It decreases from 1.7 at 0.3 PeV to 1.3 at 3 PeV, representing a 24% decline following a power law with an index of -0.1200±0.0003±0.0341. This is equivalent to an increase in abundance of light components. Above the knee, the mean logarithmic mass exhibits a power law trend towards heavier components, which is reversal to the behavior observed in the all-particle energy spectrum. Additionally, the knee position and the change in power-law index are approximately the same. These findings suggest that the knee observed in the all-particle spectrum corresponds to the knee of the light component, rather than the medium-heavy components.
Collapse
|
18
|
Study of High-Transverse-Momentum Higgs Boson Production in Association with a Vector Boson in the qqbb Final State with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:131802. [PMID: 38613283 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.131802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
This Letter presents the first study of Higgs boson production in association with a vector boson (V=W or Z) in the fully hadronic qqbb final state using data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb^{-1}. The vector bosons and Higgs bosons are each reconstructed as large-radius jets and tagged using jet substructure techniques. Dedicated tagging algorithms exploiting b-tagging properties are used to identify jets consistent with Higgs bosons decaying into bb[over ¯]. Dominant backgrounds from multijet production are determined directly from the data, and a likelihood fit to the jet mass distribution of Higgs boson candidates is used to extract the number of signal events. The VH production cross section is measured inclusively and differentially in several ranges of Higgs boson transverse momentum: 250-450, 450-650, and greater than 650 GeV. The inclusive signal yield relative to the standard model expectation is observed to be μ=1.4_{-0.9}^{+1.0} and the corresponding cross section is 3.1±1.3(stat)_{-1.4}^{+1.8}(syst) pb.
Collapse
|
19
|
Quantification of left atrial strain in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy using cardiovascular magnetic resonance feature tracking. Clin Radiol 2024:S0009-9260(24)00143-0. [PMID: 38599951 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left atrial (LA) dysfunction is involved in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM). Multiparametric cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) strain imaging is a feasible and reproducible tool for examining global and regional LA functions, as well as left ventricular (LV) function in IIM patients. AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and reproducibility of LA strain occurrence and strain rate for LA function assessment using CMR in IIM cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 36 IIM and 42 healthy control cases were included. Baseline ventricular function was comparatively assessed in both groups. LA strain occurrence and strain rate were examined by cine cardiac magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] utilizing an in-house semiautomated technique. LA global function indexes were quantitated, including reservoir, conduit, and booster-pump functions. RESULTS A total of 78 participants were enrolled in this study. There was no significant difference in left/right ventricular routine functions between IIM patients and control individuals (p>0.05); the same results (p>0.05) was also observed between patients with high hs-cTnI and normal. However, LV mass index had significant difference (p1=0.003, p2<0.01). Compared with IIM patients and control individuals, only total strain (εs) (p4=0.046) and passive strain (εe) (p4=0.002) showed significant difference, and in cases with high hs-cTnI and normal hs-cTnI, there are differences for εs (p3=0.012) and εe (p4=0.047). The strongest association was found between εe and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) (r=0.581, p<0.01). CONCLUSION IIM cases have altered LA reservoir and conduit functions, and LA strain could reflect LA function.
Collapse
|
20
|
Measurement of the Centrality Dependence of the Dijet Yield in p+Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=8.16 TeV with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:102301. [PMID: 38518341 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.102301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
ATLAS measured the centrality dependence of the dijet yield using 165 nb^{-1} of p+Pb data collected at sqrt[s_{NN}]=8.16 TeV in 2016. The event centrality, which reflects the p+Pb impact parameter, is characterized by the total transverse energy registered in the Pb-going side of the forward calorimeter. The central-to-peripheral ratio of the scaled dijet yields, R_{CP}, is evaluated, and the results are presented as a function of variables that reflect the kinematics of the initial hard parton scattering process. The R_{CP} shows a scaling with the Bjorken x of the parton originating from the proton, x_{p}, while no such trend is observed as a function of x_{Pb}. This analysis provides unique input to understanding the role of small proton spatial configurations in p+Pb collisions by covering parton momentum fractions from the valence region down to x_{p}∼10^{-3} and x_{Pb}∼4×10^{-4}.
Collapse
|
21
|
Fraction of χ_{c} Decays in Prompt J/ψ Production Measured in pPb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=8.16 TeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:102302. [PMID: 38518337 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.102302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
The fraction of χ_{c1} and χ_{c2} decays in the prompt J/ψ yield, F_{χ_{c}→J/ψ}=σ_{χ_{c}→J/ψ}/σ_{J/ψ}, is measured by the LHCb detector in pPb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=8.16 TeV. The study covers the forward (1.5
Collapse
|
22
|
[Respiratory virus infection and its influence on outcome in children with septic shock]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2024; 62:211-217. [PMID: 38378281 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20231014-00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate respiratory virus infection in children with septic shock in pediatric care units (PICU) in China and its influence on clinical outcomes. Methods: The clinical data of children with septic shock in children's PICU from January 2018 to December 2019 in 10 Chinese hospitals were retrospectively collected. They were divided into the pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 groups according to the onset of disease, and the characteristics and composition of respiratory virus in the 2 groups were compared. Matching age, malignant underlying diseases, bacteria, fungi and other viruses, a new database was generated using 1∶1 propensity score matching method. The children were divided into the respiratory virus group and non-respiratory virus group according to the presence or absence of respiratory virus infection; their clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment were compared by t-test, rank sum test and Chi-square test. The correlation between respiratory virus infection and the clinical outcomes was analyzed by logistic regression. Results: A total of 1 247 children with septic shock were included in the study, of them 748 were male; the age was 37 (11, 105) months. In the pre-and post-COVID-19 groups, there were 530 and 717 cases of septic shock, respectively; the positive rate of respiratory virus was 14.9% (79 cases) and 9.8% (70 cases); the seasonal distribution of septic shock was 28.9% (153/530) and 25.9% (185/717) in autumn, and 30.3% (161/530) and 28.3% (203/717) in winter, respectively, and the corresponding positive rates of respiratory viruses were 19.6% (30/153) and 15.7% (29/185) in autumn, and 21.1% (34/161) and 15.3% (31/203) in winter, respectively. The positive rates of influenza virus and adenovirus in the post-COVID-19 group were lower than those in the pre-COVID-19 group (2.1% (15/717) vs. 7.5% (40/530), and 0.7% (5/717) vs. 3.2% (17/530), χ2=21.51 and 11.08, respectively; all P<0.05). Rhinovirus virus were higher than those in the pre-Covid-19 group (1.7% (12/717) vs. 0.2% (1/530), χ2=6.51, P=0.011). After propensity score matching, there were 147 cases in both the respiratory virus group and the non-respiratory virus group. Rate of respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress, rate of disseminated coagulation dysfunction, and immunoglobulin usage of the respiratory virus group were higher than those of non-respiratory virus group (77.6% (114/147) vs. 59.2% (87/147), 17.7% (26/147) vs. 4.1% (6/147), 15.6% (25/147) vs. 4.1% (7/147), and 35.4% (52/147) vs. 21.4% (32/147); χ2=11.07, 14.02, 11.06 and 6.67, all P<0.05); and PICU hospitalization of the former was longer than that of the later (7 (3, 16) vs. 3 (1, 7)d, Z=5.01, P<0.001). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of respiratory viral infection was associated with respiratory failure, disseminated coagulation dysfunction, the use of mechanical ventilation, and the use of immunoglobulin and anti-respiratory viral drugs (OR=2.42, 0.22, 0.25, 0.56 and 1.12, all P<0.05). Conclusions: The composition of respiratory virus infection in children with septic shock is different between pre and post-COVID-19. Respiratory viral infection is associated with organ dysfunction in children with septic shock. Decreasing respiratory viral infection through respiratory protection may improve the clinical outcome of these children.
Collapse
|
23
|
Observation of Cabibbo-Suppressed Two-Body Hadronic Decays and Precision Mass Measurement of the Ω_{c}^{0} Baryon. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:081802. [PMID: 38457722 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.081802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The first observation of the singly Cabibbo-suppressed Ω_{c}^{0}→Ω^{-}K^{+} and Ω_{c}^{0}→Ξ^{-}π^{+} decays is reported, using proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.4 fb^{-1}, collected with the LHCb detector between 2016 and 2018. The branching fraction ratios are measured to be B(Ω_{c}^{0}→Ω^{-}K^{+})/B(Ω_{c}^{0}→Ω^{-}π^{+})=[6.08±0.51(stat)±0.40(syst)]%,B(Ω_{c}^{0}→Ξ^{-}π^{+})/B(Ω_{c}^{0}→Ω^{-}π^{+})=[15.81±0.87(stat)±0.44(syst)±0.16(ext)]%. In addition, using the Ω_{c}^{0}→Ω^{-}π^{+} decay channel, the Ω_{c}^{0} baryon mass is measured to be M(Ω_{c}^{0})=2695.28±0.07(stat)±0.27(syst)±0.30(ext) MeV, improving the precision of the previous world average by a factor of 4.
Collapse
|
24
|
Search for New Phenomena in Two-Body Invariant Mass Distributions Using Unsupervised Machine Learning for Anomaly Detection at sqrt[s]=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:081801. [PMID: 38457710 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.081801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Searches for new resonances are performed using an unsupervised anomaly-detection technique. Events with at least one electron or muon are selected from 140 fb^{-1} of pp collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV recorded by ATLAS at the Large Hadron Collider. The approach involves training an autoencoder on data, and subsequently defining anomalous regions based on the reconstruction loss of the decoder. Studies focus on nine invariant mass spectra that contain pairs of objects consisting of one light jet or b jet and either one lepton (e,μ), photon, or second light jet or b jet in the anomalous regions. No significant deviations from the background hypotheses are observed. Limits on contributions from generic Gaussian signals with various widths of the resonance mass are obtained for nine invariant masses in the anomalous regions.
Collapse
|
25
|
Enhanced Production of Λ_{b}^{0} Baryons in High-Multiplicity pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:081901. [PMID: 38457697 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.081901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The production rate of Λ_{b}^{0} baryons relative to B^{0} mesons in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy sqrt[s]=13 TeV is measured by the LHCb experiment. The ratio of Λ_{b}^{0} to B^{0} production cross sections shows a significant dependence on both the transverse momentum and the measured charged-particle multiplicity. At low multiplicity, the ratio measured at LHCb is consistent with the value measured in e^{+}e^{-} collisions, and increases by a factor of ∼2 with increasing multiplicity. At relatively low transverse momentum, the ratio of Λ_{b}^{0} to B^{0} cross sections is higher than what is measured in e^{+}e^{-} collisions, but converges with the e^{+}e^{-} ratio as the momentum increases. These results imply that the evolution of heavy b quarks into final-state hadrons is influenced by the density of the hadronic environment produced in the collision. Comparisons with several models and implications for the mechanisms enforcing quark confinement are discussed.
Collapse
|
26
|
[Postauricular hairline plus temporal approach gasless full-endoscopic parotidectomy for tumors in deep lobe of parotid gland: a 16-case report]. ZHONGHUA KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2024; 59:173-177. [PMID: 38280737 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20231025-00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the safety and feasibility of gasless total endoscopic resection of deep lobe parotid gland tumors via a postauricular hairline plus temporal approach. The approach was designed as: a 4 to 5 cm main incision was designed at the postauricular hairline, and a 0.5 cm auxiliary incision was designed in the temporal hairline. The operating cavity was established with the assistance of a special retractor. "Anterograde" dissection of the facial nerve was performed throughout the procedure, along with partial or total gland removal of the tumor. All 16 operations were successfully completed without conversion to open surgery. During the operation, the trunk and branches of the facial nerve were completely preserved, the tumor was completely removed, and the incision healed. Six patients had mild facial paralysis after operation, and recovered completely after 3 to 6 months. There was no salivary fistula, Frey syndrome, infection, or other complications. The postoperative incision was concealed and the aesthetic effect was good. The postauricular hairline plus temporal approach gasless total endoscopic parotidectomy is safe and feasible. This technique can achieve the complete dissection of the total trunk to the branches of the facial nerve, and has good access to the tumors located in any part of the parotid gland region. On the basis of radical resection of the tumor, it achieves minimally invasive and aesthetic improvement.
Collapse
|
27
|
[Expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 and clinicopathological and immunological characteristics in fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 53:155-161. [PMID: 38281783 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20230905-00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), clinicopathologic features, immunohistochemical expression and molecular characteristics in fumarate hydratase (FH)-deficient renal cell carcinoma and to explore the potential application of immunotherapy in the patients. Methods: There were six patients with FH-deficient renal cell carcinoma treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University between January 2020 and October 2022. The clinical data, histological morphology, immunophenotype, PD-L1 expression and next-generation sequencing results were tabulated and analyzed. Results: There were 6 patients, all male, age ranged from 37 to 72 years (mean 45.7 years). Four cases were high-grade (WHO/ISUP grade3-4) with 2 or more histologic patterns, including papillary (most common), glandular, tubular, vesicular, ethmoid, nest-like, cystic and solid structures. Two cases were low-grade which showed nest-like, glandular, or tubular arrangement with eosinophilic flocculent cytoplasm and small intracellular vacuoles. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed strong expression of 2SC in all 6 cases, negative expression of FH in 5 cases, and positive expression of GATA3 in 5 cases. In high-grade cases, the mean values of CD4 and CD8 positive T-lymphocytes in advanced tumor invasion were 180.3/mm2 and 130.5/mm2, respectively. PD-L1 combined positive scores (CPS) were 20, 50, 5 and 30, respectively. The Ki-67 proliferative index were 20%, 20%, 10% and 30%, respectively. In low-grade cases, the mean values of CD4 and CD8 positive T-lymphocytes were 123.0/mm2 and 100.5/mm2, respectively. The PD-L1 CPS score was 1, and the Ki-67 proliferation index was 3%. High-throughput sequencing showed FH gene somatic mutation in 3 cases, FH gene germline mutation in 2 cases, and FH gene mutation was not detected in one case. Conclusion: FH-deficient renal cell carcinoma is more commonly high-grade than low grade. FH and 2SC are immunohistochemical markers used in the diagnosis of FH-deficient renal cell carcinoma, and GATA3 positivity is supportive of the diagnosis. The tumor infiltration of high-grade FH-deficient renal cell carcinoma shows an increase in CD4 and CD8 positive T-lymphocytes, and high expression of PD-L1; thus, anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy can be used as a treatment option.
Collapse
|
28
|
Cyclodextrin Polymer-Loaded Micro-Ceramic Balls for Solid-Phase Extraction of Triazole Pesticides from Water. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1959. [PMID: 38396637 PMCID: PMC10888555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25041959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A citric acid cross-linked β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) polymer was synthesized and loaded on micro-ceramic balls to fabricate the solid-phase adsorbents (P-MCB) for adsorption and extraction of triazole pesticides from water. The stability of β-CD polymer and P-MCB was investigated in solutions with different pH values at different temperatures. The adsorption properties and the influence of kinetics, sorbent amount, pesticide concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity were evaluated. The results showed P-MCB had favorable adsorption of 15.98 mg/g flutriafol in 3.5 h. The equilibrium data followed the Freundlich equation, and the adsorption of flutriafol and diniconazole followed the second-order kinetics. The recovery rate of P-MCB for triazole pesticides in water was satisfactory, and the recovery rate was still 80.1%, even at the 10th cycle. The P-MCB had good stability, with a degradation rate of 0.2% ± 0.08 within 10 days, which could ensure extraction and recycling.
Collapse
|
29
|
[Analysis of echocardiographic features and postnatal management of fetal pulmonary valve stenosis]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2024; 62:138-144. [PMID: 38264813 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230829-00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the echocardiographic features, consistency of diagnosis between fetal and postnatal periods and postnatal clinical outcomes of fetal pulmonary valve stenosis (PS) with different degrees. Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort study comprising 108 cases of fetal PS diagnosed during the fetal period and followed up postnatally at Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine from November 2012 to February 2023. Echocardiographic characteristics, including morphological and hemodynamic features were collected for all fetuses who were then were followed up to at least 6 months after birth. One-way analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare the differences in the echocardiographic features among fetuses with different degrees of PS. Subsequently, McNemar test was used to assess the consistency of diagnosis between the fetal and postnatal periods. Furthermore, Logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the risk factors for neonatal intervention in fetuses with moderate PS and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to ascertain the optimal cut-off value for continuous variables. Results: The age of the mothers of the 108 fetuses at the initial assessment was (30.8±4.0) years, and the gestational age was 26.5 (24.6, 30.0) weeks. The fetuses were categorized into mild (17 cases), moderate (49 cases), and severe groups (42 cases) based on the initial echocardiographic features. Mild PS was characterized by valve thickening and hyperechogenicity combined with systolic flow acceleration or dilation of main pulmonary artery. Moderate PS exhibited both restricted valve motion and a colorful blood flow pattern at the valve orifice. The peak flow velocities of fetuses with moderate and critical PS were notably higher than those in the mild group ((2.66±0.86) and (2.77±1.30) vs. (1.43±0.59)m/s, F=14.52, P<0.001). In critical PS, all cases showed retrograde ductal flow, with a significantly higher proportion of a small right ventricle compared to the mild and moderate PS (42.9% (18/42) vs. 0 and 2.0% (1/49), χ2=31.73, P<0.001). The proportion of severe tricuspid regurgitation was also higher (35.7% (15/42) vs. 0 and 10.2% (5/49), χ2=36.94, P<0.001). Compared to mild and severe PS, the consistency of diagnosis between fetal and postnatal periods in moderate PS was lower (40.8% (20/49) vs.13/17 and 80.3% (35/42), χ2=12.45, P=0.006). The systolic flow velocity was identified as an independent risk factor for neonatal intervention in fetuses with moderate PS (OR=7.21, 95%CI2.11-24.62). A flow velocity of ≥2.18 m/s in second trimester and ≥3.15 m/s in third trimester indicated the necessity of neonatal intervention for fetal moderate PS. Among the 108 fetuses, 68 underwent surgical intervention and all survived. Additionally, 39 fetuses were regularly followed up. A sole non-surgical fatality occurred, leading to a 6-month survival rate of 99.1% (107/108). Conclusions: Various degrees of fetal PS demonstrate distinctive morphological and hemodynamic alterations in echocardiography. The disparity in severity between the postnatal and fetal stages requires ongoing monitoring for fetal PS. The prognosis for fetal PS is generally favorable.
Collapse
|
30
|
[Construction of an evaluation index system for the capability of comprehensive control of mountain - type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis based on the One Health concept]. ZHONGGUO XUE XI CHONG BING FANG ZHI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL 2024; 35:545-556. [PMID: 38413015 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2023176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To construct an evaluation index system for the capability of comprehensive control of mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis based on the One Health concept, so as to provide insights into the control and elimination of mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis using the One Health approach. METHODS A preliminary evaluation index system was constructed based on literature review, panel discussions and field surveys. Thirty-three experts were selected from 7 provincial disease control and prevention centers in Beijing Municipality, Hebei Province, Shanxi Province, Henan Province, Sichuan Province, Shaanxi Province and Gansu Province where mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis was endemic, and two rounds of expert consultations were conducted to screen the indicators. The positive coefficient, degree of concentration, degree of coordination, and authority of the experts were calculated, and the normalized weights of each index were calculated with the analytic hierarchy process. RESULTS The response rates of questionnaires during two rounds of expert consultation were both 100.00% (33/33), and the authority coefficients of the experts were 0.86 and 0.88, respectively. The coefficients of coordination among experts on the rationality, importance, and operability of the indicators were 0.392, 0.437, 0.258, and 0.364, 0.335, 0.263, respectively (all P values < 0.05). Following screening, the final evaluation index system included 3 primary indicators, 17 secondary indicators, and 50 tertiary indicators. The normalized weights of primary indicators "external environment", "internal support" and "comprehensive control" were 16.98%, 38.73% and 44.29%, respectively. Among the secondary indicators of the primary indicator "external environment", the highest weight was seen for natural environment (66.67%), and among the secondary indicators of the primary indicator "internal support", the lowest weight was seen for the scientific research for visceral leishmaniasis control (8.26%), while other indicators had weights of 12.42% to 13.38%. Among the secondary indicators of the primary indicator "comprehensive control", the weight was 16.67% for each indicator. CONCLUSIONS An evaluation index system has been constructed for the capability of comprehensive control of mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis based on the One Health concept. In addition to assessment of the effect of conventional mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis control measures, this index system integrates the importance of top-level design, organizational management, and implementation of control measures, and includes indicators related to multi-sectoral cooperation.
Collapse
|
31
|
Improved Measurement of CP Violation Parameters in B_{s}^{0}→J/ψK^{+}K^{-} Decays in the Vicinity of the ϕ(1020) Resonance. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:051802. [PMID: 38364143 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.051802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The decay-time-dependent CP asymmetry in B_{s}^{0}→J/ψ(→μ^{+}μ^{-})K^{+}K^{-} decays is measured using proton-proton collision data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6 fb^{-1}, collected with the LHCb detector at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. Using a sample of approximately 349 000 B_{s}^{0} signal decays with an invariant K^{+}K^{-} mass in the vicinity of the ϕ(1020) resonance, the CP-violating phase ϕ_{s} is measured, along with the difference in decay widths of the light and heavy mass eigenstates of the B_{s}^{0}-B[over ¯]_{s}^{0} system, ΔΓ_{s}, and the difference of the average B_{s}^{0} and B^{0} meson decay widths, Γ_{s}-Γ_{d}. The values obtained are ϕ_{s}=-0.039±0.022±0.006 rad, ΔΓ_{s}=0.0845±0.0044±0.0024 ps^{-1}, and Γ_{s}-Γ_{d}=-0.0056_{-0.0015}^{+0.0013}±0.0014 ps^{-1}, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. These are the most precise single measurements to date and are consistent with expectations based on the Standard Model and with the previous LHCb analyses of this decay. These results are combined with previous independent LHCb measurements. The phase ϕ_{s} is also measured independently for each polarization state of the K^{+}K^{-} system and shows no evidence for polarization dependence.
Collapse
|
32
|
Risk factors for the development of cryptogenic stroke and the predictive value of right-to-left shunt in patent foramen ovale. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2024; 28:1027-1035. [PMID: 38375707 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202402_35338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the right-to-left shunt of the patent foramen ovale and the risk score for paradoxical embolism in cryptogenic stroke, as well as the risk factors for the development of cryptogenic stroke. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on 257 patients with cryptogenic stroke who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from February 2020 to January 2022 as a study group, and 98 patients who were diagnosed and treated at the Department of Neurology in our hospital at the same time and excluded from stroke, were selected as the control group. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound acoustic contrast testing was used to grade right-to-left shunts of patent foramen ovale. Clinical information of individuals who had cryptogenic strokes was examined. The correlation between the right-to-left shunt of patent foramen ovale and the risk score for both cryptogenic stroke and paradoxical embolism was analyzed. The factors affecting the occurrence of cryptogenic stroke were investigated. The correlation between right-to-left shunt and paradoxical embolism risk score was explored. Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate each factor's clinical usefulness in predicting the occurrence of cryptogenic stroke. RESULTS No difference was observed in the history of hypertension, low-density lipoprotein, C-reactive protein and fibrinogen between the control group and the study group (p<0.05). In the study group with patent foramen ovale, the proportion of patients with grades I and II of the right-to-left shunt of patent foramen ovale was significantly lower than that in the control group, while the percentage of patients with grades III and IV was obviously greater than that in the control group (p<0.05). Right-to-left shunt grade, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen were independent risk factors for cryptogenic stroke by logistic multivariate regression analysis (p<0.05). With an increase in the right-to-left shunt of the patent foramen ovale, patients' risk scores for paradoxical embolism increased considerably (p<0.05). In patients with cryptogenic stroke, the right-to-left shunt grade of the patent foramen ovale was positively connected with the paradoxical embolism risk score (r=0.331, p<0.001). ROC analysis results showed that the areas under the curves (AUC) of right-to-left shunt grading, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen were 0.651, 0.871, and 0.779, respectively. The combination of the three indexes had an AUC of 0.908, a sensitivity of 87.90%, a specificity of 82.70%, and a Youden index of 0.706, indicating a high predictive value of the combination. CONCLUSIONS The right-to-left shunt of patent foramen ovale was an independent risk factor for cryptogenic stroke, which was positively correlated with the paradoxical embolic risk score. Its combination with clinical serologic indexes had a high clinical value for predicting cryptogenic stroke.
Collapse
|
33
|
Intestinal Translocation of Live Porphyromonas gingivalis Drives Insulin Resistance. J Dent Res 2024; 103:197-207. [PMID: 38185909 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231214195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis has been emphasized as a risk factor of insulin resistance-related systemic diseases. Accumulating evidence has suggested a possible "oral-gut axis" linking oral infection and extraoral diseases, but it remains unclear whether periodontal pathogens can survive the barriers of the digestive tract and how they play their pathogenic roles. The present study established a periodontitis mouse model through oral ligature plus Porphyromonas gingivalis inoculation and demonstrated that periodontitis aggravated diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance, while also causing P. gingivalis enrichment in the intestine. Metabolic labeling strategy validated that P. gingivalis could translocate to the gastrointestinal tract in a viable state. Oral administration of living P. gingivalis elicited insulin resistance, while administration of pasteurized P. gingivalis had no such effect. Combination analysis of metagenome sequencing and nontargeted metabolomics suggested that the tryptophan metabolism pathway, specifically indole and its derivatives, was involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance caused by oral administration of living P. gingivalis. Moreover, liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis confirmed that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands, mainly indole acetic acid, tryptamine, and indole-3-aldehyde, were reduced in diet-induced obese mice with periodontitis, leading to inactivation of AhR signaling. Supplementation with Ficz (6-formylindolo (3,2-b) carbazole), an AhR agonist, alleviated periodontitis-associated insulin resistance, in which the restoration of gut barrier function might play an important role. Collectively, these findings reveal that the oral-gut translocation of viable P. gingivalis works as a fuel linking periodontitis and insulin resistance, in which reduction of AhR ligands and inactivation of AhR signaling are involved. This study provides novel insight into the role of the oral-gut axis in the pathogenesis of periodontitis-associated comorbidities.
Collapse
|
34
|
Military exposure and kidney stones among US adults: findings from 2007-2018 NHANES. BMJ Mil Health 2024; 170:89-91. [PMID: 35584852 DOI: 10.1136/bmjmilitary-2022-002117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
35
|
Observation of WZγ Production in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:021802. [PMID: 38277610 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.021802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
This Letter reports the observation of WZγ production and a measurement of its cross section using 140.1±1.2 fb^{-1} of proton-proton collision data recorded at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The WZγ production cross section, with both the W and Z bosons decaying leptonically, pp→WZγ→ℓ^{'}^{±}νℓ^{+}ℓ^{-}γ (ℓ^{(^{'})}=e, μ), is measured in a fiducial phase-space region defined such that the leptons and the photon have high transverse momentum and the photon is isolated. The cross section is found to be 2.01±0.30(stat)±0.16(syst) fb. The corresponding standard model predicted cross section calculated at next-to-leading order in perturbative quantum chromodynamics and at leading order in the electroweak coupling constant is 1.50±0.06 fb. The observed significance of the WZγ signal is 6.3σ, compared with an expected significance of 5.0σ.
Collapse
|
36
|
Measurement of CP Violation in B^{0}→ψ(→ℓ^{+}ℓ^{-})K_{S}^{0}(→π^{+}π^{-}) Decays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:021801. [PMID: 38277604 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.021801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
A measurement of time-dependent CP violation in the decays of B^{0} and B[over ¯]^{0} mesons to the final states J/ψ(→μ^{+}μ^{-})K_{S}^{0}, ψ(2S)(→μ^{+}μ^{-})K_{S}^{0} and J/ψ(→e^{+}e^{-})K_{S}^{0} with K_{S}^{0}→π^{+}π^{-} is presented. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 6 fb^{-1} collected at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt[s]=13 TeV with the LHCb detector. The CP-violation parameters are measured to be S_{ψK_{S}^{0}}=0.717±0.013(stat)±0.008(syst) and C_{ψK_{S}^{0}}=0.008±0.012(stat)±0.003(syst). This measurement of S_{ψK_{S}^{0}} represents the most precise single measurement of the CKM angle β to date and is more precise than the current world average. In addition, measurements of the CP-violation parameters of the individual channels are reported and a combination with the LHCb Run 1 measurements is performed.
Collapse
|
37
|
[Role and related mechanisms of LiaSR two-component system in acid tolerance and biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans]. ZHONGHUA KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2024; 59:54-63. [PMID: 38172062 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20230902-00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the role and related mechanisms of the LiaSR two-component system in acid tolerance and biofilm formation abilities of Streptococcus mutans (Sm) 593. Methods: The growth curves of various Sm strains in pH=5.5 brian heart infusion (BHI) medium were analyzed. And colony forming unit (CFU) was also performed to evaluate the acid tolerance of Sm. Laurdan probe, H+-K+adenosine triphosphate (ATP)ase activity analysis kit, proton permeability assay and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) were conducted to detect the acid tolerant mechanisms of LiaSR two-component system in Sm. Crystal violet staining, CFU, SYTOX probe and anthrone-sulfuric method were used to analyze the properties and structures of the Sm biofilms. RT-qPCR was conducted to detect the expression levels of underlying regulated genes. Results: The growth of mutants in acidic BHI were inhibited (P<0.05). The acid tolerance of mutants significantly decreased compared to the wild-type strain (P<0.05). In mutants, the activity of H+-ATPase (917.06±59.53 and 469.53±47.65) were elevated by 7.22-folds and 3.70-folds compared to the wild-type strain (127.00±50.71) (P<0.001, P<0.001) and the encoded gene atpD (3.39±0.21 and 1.94±0.17) were also elevated by 3.39-folds and 1.94-folds compared to the wild-type strain (1.00±0.15) (P<0.001, P=0.001). The Laurdan generalized polarization of mutants (0.18±0.04 and 0.18±0.05) increased significantly compared to the wild-type strain (0.08±0.05) (P=0.006, P=0.003) and the expression levels of fabM gene were decreased in mutants (0.52±0.11 and 0.57±0.05) by 1/2 (P=0.014, P=0.022). In liaR deletion mutant, the reduced terminal pH (4.76±0.01) can also be observed (P<0.001). The total amount of the biofilms of three Sm didn't show significant differences (P>0.05). But the number of viable bacteria of mutants' biofilms were decreased [Sm 593: (12.00±2.80)×107 CFU/ml; Sm ΔliaS: (2.95±1.13)×107 CFU/ml; Sm ΔliaR: (7.25±1.60)×107 CFU/ml] (P=0.001, P=0.024). The extracellular DNA were increased by 18.00-folds and 6.50-folds in mutants' biofilms (128.73±15.65 and 46.38±5.52) compared to the wild-type strain (7.16±3.62) (P<0.001, P=0.003). Water-soluble exopolysaccharides could be found up-regulated in liaS deletion mutant [(138.73±10.12) μg/ml] (P=0.003) along with the expression level of gtfC gene (1.65±0.39) (P=0.014). The expression level of gtfD were elevated by 47.43-folds and 16.90-folds in mutants (P<0.001, P=0.010). Conclusions: The LiaSR two-component system can promote the expression of fabM gene and increase the fluidity of Sm which contributes to acid tolerance. The LiaR can also decrease the proton permeability and restrict the entrance of H+. The LiaSR two-component system can negatively regulate the production of the extracellular matrix in Sm biofilm.
Collapse
|
38
|
Remnant cholesterol is associated with hip BMD and low bone mass in young and middle-aged men: a cross-sectional study. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-023-02279-x. [PMID: 38183565 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02279-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Remnant cholesterol (RC) is a contributor to cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. However, the specific relationship between RC and bone metabolism remains unexplored. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationships of RC with hip bone mineral density (BMD) and the risk of low bone mass. METHODS Physical examination data was collected from men aged < 60 years as part of the Kailuan Study between 2014 and 2018. The characteristics of the participants were compared between RC quartile groups. A generalized linear regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between RC and hip BMD and a logistic regression model was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for low bone mass. Additional analyses were performed after stratification by body mass index (BMI) (≥ or < 24 kg/m2). Sensitivity analyses were performed by excluding individuals who were taking lipid-lowering therapy or had cancer, cardiovascular diseases, or diabetes. RESULTS Data from a total of 7,053 participants were included in the analysis. After adjustment for confounding factors, RC negatively correlated with hip BMD (β = - 0.0079, 95% CI: - 0.0133, - 0.0025). The risk of low bone mass increased from the lowest to the highest RC quartile, with ORs of 1 (reference), 1.09 (95% CI: (0.82, 1.44), 1.35 (95%CI: 1.02, 1.77), and 1.43 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.89) for Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4, respectively (P for trend = 0.004) in the fully adjusted model. Compared to RC < 0.80 mmol/l group, the risk of low bone mass increased 39% in RC ≥ 0.80 mmol/l group (P < 0.001). The correlation between RC and hip BMD was stronger in participants with BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 group (β = - 0.0159, 95% CI: - 0.0289, - 0.0029). The results of sensitivity analyses were consistent with the main results. CONCLUSION We have identified a negative correlation between serum RC and hip BMD, and a higher RC concentration was found to be associated with a greater risk of low bone mass in young and middle-aged men.
Collapse
|
39
|
Combined Measurement of the Higgs Boson Mass from the H→γγ and H→ZZ^{*}→4ℓ Decay Channels with the ATLAS Detector Using sqrt[s]=7, 8, and 13 TeV pp Collision Data. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:251802. [PMID: 38181336 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.251802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
A measurement of the mass of the Higgs boson combining the H→ZZ^{*}→4ℓ and H→γγ decay channels is presented. The result is based on 140 fb^{-1} of proton-proton collision data collected by the ATLAS detector during LHC run 2 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV combined with the run 1 ATLAS mass measurement, performed at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, yielding a Higgs boson mass of 125.11±0.09(stat)±0.06(syst)=125.11±0.11 GeV. This corresponds to a 0.09% precision achieved on this fundamental parameter of the Standard Model of particle physics.
Collapse
|
40
|
Search for Dark Photons in Rare Z Boson Decays with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:251801. [PMID: 38181367 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.251801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
A search for events with a dark photon produced in association with a dark Higgs boson via rare decays of the standard model Z boson is presented, using 139 fb^{-1} of sqrt[s]=13 TeV proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The dark boson decays into a pair of dark photons, and at least two of the three dark photons must each decay into a pair of electrons or muons, resulting in at least two same-flavor opposite-charge lepton pairs in the final state. The data are found to be consistent with the background prediction, and upper limits are set on the dark photon's coupling to the dark Higgs boson times the kinetic mixing between the standard model photon and the dark photon, α_{D}ϵ^{2}, in the dark photon mass range of [5, 40] GeV except for the ϒ mass window [8.8, 11.1] GeV. This search explores new parameter space not previously excluded by other experiments.
Collapse
|
41
|
[Technical specification for orthodontic transmission straight wire technique]. ZHONGHUA KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2023; 58:1217-1226. [PMID: 38061863 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20230811-00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Malocclusion is an oral disease with a high prevalence. The goal of orthodontic treatment is health, aesthetics, function and stability. The transmission straight wire appliance and technique is an innovative orthodontic system with independent intellectual property rights invented by Professor Jiuxiang Lin's team based on decades of clinical experience, which provides a new solution for the non-surgical correction of skeletal malocclusions, especially class Ⅲ malocclusion, and it is also a good carrier for the implementation of the concept of healthy orthodontics. Due to the lack of guidelines, how to implement standardized application of transmission straight wire technique remains a problem to be solved. This technical specification was formed by combining the guidance from Professor Jiuxiang Lin and joint revision by a number of authoritative experts from the Orthodontic Special Committee, Chinese Stomatological Association, with reference to relevant literatures, and combined with abundant clinical experience of many experts. This specification aims to provide reference to standardize the clinical application of transmission straight wire technique, so as to reduce the risk and complications, and finally to improve the clinical application level of this technique.
Collapse
|
42
|
PTH level might be associated with impaired quality of life in patients with nonsurgical hypoparathyroidism. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:2471-2479. [PMID: 37266827 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02100-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nonsurgical hypoparathyroidism (ns-HP) is a rare disease. There are few studies on Quality of Life (QoL) among patients with ns-HP. This study aimed to investigate the QoL among ns-HP patients with regular conventional treatment, and explore the influence factors affecting QoL among these Chinese ns-HP patients. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study comparing 101 patients identified as ns-HP and 101 healthy controls. The questionnaires of Short Form 36 Health Survey questionnaire version 2(SF-36v2) were used to evaluate QoL. RESULTS Scores of all eight subdomains of SF-36v2 and physical component scores (PCS), mental component scores (MCS) were significantly lower in the ns-HP group compared with the healthy controls. The indices of all subdomains of SF-36v2 between Q1 (the lowest quartile) and Q4 (the highest quartile) groups were compared, suggesting higher percentages of detectable parathyroid hormone (PTH) before treatment in Q4 group among all QoL indices except two subdomains (physical function and body pain). CONCLUSION Both mental and physical QoL were impaired in the ns-HP patients even with regular conventional treatment for hypocalcemia, which were more severe in cases with lower baseline PTH levels.
Collapse
|
43
|
[The predictive value of microvascular obstruction for adverse left ventricular remodeling after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a prospective study]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2023; 62:1458-1464. [PMID: 38044073 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20221220-00944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Microvascular obstruction (MVO) is a specific cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging feature in patients with acute myocardial infarction. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the predictive value of MVO in left ventricular adverse remodeling after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods: A total of 167 patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI in the Chinese PLA General Hospital from 2016 to 2020 were enrolled in this prospective cohort study, the average age of study patients was 57±10 years old, with 151 males (90.4%) and 16 females (9.6%). The patients were divided into the MVO group (n=81) and non-MVO group (n=86) according to the presence or absence of MVO on CMR imaging, respectively. The primary endpoint of the study was the occurrence of left ventricular adverse remodeling, which was defined as an increase in left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV) by >20% at 6 months after primary PCI compared with the baseline. Patients who completed follow-up were diagnosed as left ventricular adverse remodeling or no left ventricular adverse remodeling according to CMR. The baseline data, perioperative data, and related data of end points were compared between the MVO group and non-MVO group. Finally, the predictive value of MVO in left ventricular adverse remodeling was calculated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results: In the baseline data, preoperative thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow (χ2=13.74, P=0.003) and postoperative TIMI flow (χ2=14.87, P=0.001) were both obviously decreased in the MVO group. After 6 months of follow-up, the incidence of left ventricular adverse remodeling in the MVO group was significantly higher than that in the non-MVO group [37.0%(27/73) vs. 18.9%(14/74), χ2=5.96, P=0.015]. The left ventricular end systolic volume at 6 months post infarction in the MVO group was significantly larger than that in the non-MVO group [(94±32) vs. (68±20) ml, t=-5.98, P<0.001], as well as the LVEDV [(169±38) vs. (143±29) ml, t=-4.74, P<0.001]. Receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the area under the curve of MVO size for predicting left ventricular adverse remodeling was 0.637. Conclusion: The risk of left ventricular adverse remodeling is significantly increased in patients with MVO after primary PCI for acute STEMI.
Collapse
|
44
|
Meta-reinforcement learning via orbitofrontal cortex. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:2182-2191. [PMID: 37957318 PMCID: PMC10689244 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01485-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The meta-reinforcement learning (meta-RL) framework, which involves RL over multiple timescales, has been successful in training deep RL models that generalize to new environments. It has been hypothesized that the prefrontal cortex may mediate meta-RL in the brain, but the evidence is scarce. Here we show that the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) mediates meta-RL. We trained mice and deep RL models on a probabilistic reversal learning task across sessions during which they improved their trial-by-trial RL policy through meta-learning. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II-dependent synaptic plasticity in OFC was necessary for this meta-learning but not for the within-session trial-by-trial RL in experts. After meta-learning, OFC activity robustly encoded value signals, and OFC inactivation impaired the RL behaviors. Longitudinal tracking of OFC activity revealed that meta-learning gradually shapes population value coding to guide the ongoing behavioral policy. Our results indicate that two distinct RL algorithms with distinct neural mechanisms and timescales coexist in OFC to support adaptive decision-making.
Collapse
|
45
|
Generation of an induced pluripotent stem cell line (ZJUi013-A) from a Familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy type 1 patient carrying (TTTCA) n insertion in the SAMD12 gene. Stem Cell Res 2023; 73:103236. [PMID: 37890330 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2023.103236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
FCMTE1 is an autosomal dominant inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by myoclonic tremors and epilepsy. The cause of FCMTE1 is an abnormal (TTTCA)n insertion in intron 4 of SAMD12 gene. Fibroblasts obtained from a FCMTE1 patient were successfully transformed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) (ZJUi013-A) using the Sendai virus. Our approach provided a resource for further pathogenesis study and drug screening of FCMTE1.
Collapse
|
46
|
A simple and convenient model combining multiparametric MRI and clinical features to predict tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:e1065-e1074. [PMID: 37813758 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM To develop a simple and convenient method based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical features to non-invasively predict tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in breast cancer (BC) and to explore the relationship between TIL levels and disease-free survival (DFS). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 172 BC patients were enrolled between November 2017 and June 2021 in this retrospective study. The patients were divided into high (≥10%) and low (<10%) TIL groups. Clinicopathological data were collected. MRI features were reviewed by two radiologists. Predictors associated with TILs were determined by using multivariable logistic regression analyses. Kaplan-Meier survival curves based on TIL levels were used to estimate DFS. RESULTS A total of 102 patients with low TILs and 70 patients with high TILs were included in the study. Tumour size (odds ratio [OR], 1.040; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.006, 1.075; p=0.020), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC; OR, 1.003; 95% CI: 1.001, 1.005; p=0.015), clinical axillary lymph node status (CALNS; OR, 3.222; 95% CI: 1.372,7.568; p=0.007), and enhancement pattern (OR, 0.284; 95% CI: 0.143, 0.563; p<0.001) were independently associated with TIL levels. These features were used in the ALSE model (where A is ADC, L is CALNS, S is size, and E is enhancement pattern). High TILs were associated with better DFS (p=0.016). CONCLUSION The ALSE model derived from multiparametric MRI and clinical features could non-invasively predict TIL levels in BC, and high TILs were associated with longer DFS, especially in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive BC and triple-negative BC (TNBC).
Collapse
|
47
|
The complementary and alternative roles of elemene injection in cancer: An umbrella review. Pharmacol Res 2023; 198:107007. [PMID: 37992915 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the past, many meta-analyses (MAs) suggested that elemene injection (EI) played a complementary and alternative role in cancer treatment. However, some results were contradictory and a lot of evidences weren't classified. Thus, their clinical guidance effect was very limited. METHODS Two reviewers independently retrieved 8 databases from their origin to May 19, 2023 and appropriate MAs were taken into consideration. A pooled analysis was conducted to merge results extracted from trials of included MAs. The methodological quality of MAs and the evidence certainty of pooled results were assessed. RESULTS 31 MAs were taken into analysis with poor methodological quality. The main weaknesses were in the areas of heterogeneity analysis, bias risk, and literature selection. According to the present evidence, on the one hand, compared with conventional treatment (CT) alone, EI combined with CT may significantly enhance short-term or long-term efficacy and reduce adverse reactions caused by CT in multiple cancers. On the other hand, using EI alone also can improve ORR in the malignant (pleural) effusion and lessen the recurrence rate in bladder cancer obviously with fewer adverse reactions compared with CT alone. However, this evidence was rated as moderate to very low certainty mainly due to the risk of bias in clinical trials. CONCLUSION EI may be a viable medication for the treatment of cancer although more convincing trials are still required to demonstrate its alternative and complementary benefits. Besides, it seems to have a broad potential for further development in immunotherapy, drug delivery technique, and predictive factor.
Collapse
|
48
|
Effect of L-4-Thiazolylalanine (Protinol™) on skin barrier strength and skin protection. Int J Cosmet Sci 2023; 45:725-738. [PMID: 37402136 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Skin barrier properties are critical for maintaining epidermal water content, protecting from environmental factors and providing the first line of defense against pathogens. In this study, we investigated the non-proteinogenic amino acid L-4-Thiazolylalanine (L4) as a potential active ingredient in skin protection and barrier strength. METHODS L4 on wound healing, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties were evaluated using monolayers and 3D skin equivalents. The transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) value was used in vitro as a strong indicator of barrier strength and integrity. Clinical L4 efficacy was assessed for the evaluation of the skin barrier integrity and soothing benefits. RESULTS In vitro treatments of L4 show beneficial effects in wound closure mechanism, and we demonstrate that L4 anti-oxidant benefits with markedly increased HSP70 and decreased reactive oxygen species production induced by UVs exposure. Barrier strength and integrity were significantly improved by L4, confirmed clinically by an increase in 12R-lipoxygenase enzymatic activity in the stratum corneum. In addition, soothing benefits of L4 have been shown clinically with the decrease in redness after methyl nicotinate application on the inner arm and the significant reduction of the erythema and the skin desquamation on the scalp. CONCLUSION L4 delivered multiple skin benefits by strengthening the skin barrier, accelerating the skin repair process as well as soothing the skin and the scalp with anti-inflammaging effects. The observed efficacy validates L4 as a desirable skincare ingredient for topical treatment.
Collapse
|
49
|
Observation of Single-Top-Quark Production in Association with a Photon Using the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:181901. [PMID: 37977601 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.181901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports the observation of single top quarks produced together with a photon, which directly probes the electroweak coupling of the top quark. The analysis uses 139 fb^{-1} of 13 TeV proton-proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Requiring a photon with transverse momentum larger than 20 GeV and within the detector acceptance, the fiducial cross section is measured to be 688±23(stat) _{-71}^{+75}(syst) fb, to be compared with the standard model prediction of 515_{-42}^{+36} fb at next-to-leading order in QCD.
Collapse
|
50
|
The negative effect of concomitant medications on immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: An umbrella review. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110919. [PMID: 37722262 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conflicting results about the effect of concomitant medications on immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were reported by many meta-analyses (MAs), and the certainty of evidence linking concomitant medications with immunotherapy efficacy has not been quantified, which may cause some evidence to be misinterpreted. METHODS Four databases including Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched from inception to January 2023 in English. Based on prospective or retrospective clinical controlled trials including immunotherapy with concomitant medications or not in NSCLC, quantitative MAs reporting the efficacy of immunotherapy with binary direct comparison and enough extractable data were collected. The methodological quality, reporting quality, and risk of bias of included MAs were evaluated respectively. New meta-analyses were conducted and their evidence certainty was classified as nonsignificant, weak, suggestive, highly suggestive, or convincing. RESULTS Fifteen MAs with 5 medications were included. After being assessed by AMSTAR-2, PRISMA, and ROBIS, the major shortcomings were focused on the registration of protocol, literature retrieval or data extraction, implementation of sensitivity analysis or evidence certainty assessment, and incomplete reporting in the section of method and result. New pooled analyses indicated that antibiotics (HR = 1.545[1.318-1.811]), steroids (HR = 1.784[1.520-2.093]), proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (HR = 1.303[1.048-1.621]) and opioids (HR = 1.910[1.213-3.006]) could shorten overall survival (OS) in patients with NSCLC receiving immunotherapy. Besides, antibiotics (HR = 1.285[1.129-1.462]) and steroids (HR = 1.613[1.315-1.979]) were harmful to progression-free survival (PFS) in these patients significantly. No negative effect was found in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the objective response rate of all medications. High-level evidence suggested that using PPIs before or after the initiation of immunotherapy and using steroids during the first-course immunotherapy could weaken the OS of patients with NSCLC. Meanwhile, the negative effects of antibiotics and opioids on OS or PFS were only supported by moderate or low-level evidence. CONCLUSIONS The concurrent usage of PPIs or steroids adversely affects the survival of patients with NSCLC receiving immunotherapy. Future investigations are required to ascertain whether these adverse effects are primarily attributed to the comorbidities or the concurrent medications.
Collapse
|