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Seekings AH, Shipley R, Byrne AMP, Shukla S, Golding M, Amaya-Cuesta J, Goharriz H, Vitores AG, Lean FZX, James J, Núñez A, Breed A, Frost A, Balzer J, Brown IH, Brookes SM, McElhinney LM. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant (B.1.617.2) in Domestic Dogs and Zoo Tigers in England and Jersey during 2021. Viruses 2024; 16:617. [PMID: 38675958 PMCID: PMC11053977 DOI: 10.3390/v16040617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Reverse zoonotic transmission events of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been described since the start of the pandemic, and the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) designated the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in animals a reportable disease. Eighteen domestic and zoo animals in Great Britain and Jersey were tested by APHA for SARS-CoV-2 during 2020-2023. One domestic cat (Felis catus), three domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), and three Amur tigers (Panthera tigris altaica) from a zoo were confirmed positive during 2020-2021 and reported to the WOAH. All seven positive animals were linked with known SARS-CoV-2 positive human contacts. Characterisation of the SARS-CoV-2 variants by genome sequencing indicated that the cat was infected with an early SARS-CoV-2 lineage. The three dogs and three tigers were infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant of concern (B.1.617.2). The role of non-human species in the onward transmission and emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 remain poorly defined. Continued surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in relevant domestic and captive animal species with high levels of human contact is important to monitor transmission at the human-animal interface and to assess their role as potential animal reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda H. Seekings
- Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
- National Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 in Animals, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Rebecca Shipley
- Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
- National Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 in Animals, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Alexander M. P. Byrne
- Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
- Worldwide Influenza Centre, The Francis Crick Institute, Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Shweta Shukla
- Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
- National Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 in Animals, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Megan Golding
- Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Joan Amaya-Cuesta
- Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Hooman Goharriz
- Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
- National Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 in Animals, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Ana Gómez Vitores
- Department of Pathology and Animal Sciences, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Fabian Z. X. Lean
- Department of Pathology and Animal Sciences, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Joe James
- Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Alejandro Núñez
- Department of Pathology and Animal Sciences, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Alistair Breed
- Government of Jersey, Infrastructure Housing and Environment, Howard Davis Farm, La Route de la Trinité, Trinity, Jersey JE3 5JP, UK
| | - Andrew Frost
- One Health, Animal Health and Welfare Advice Team, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Nobel House, 17 Smith Square, London SW1P 3JR, UK
| | - Jörg Balzer
- Vet Med Labor GmbH, Division of IDEXX Laboratories, Humboldtstraße 2, 70806 Kornwestheim, Germany
| | - Ian H. Brown
- Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Sharon M. Brookes
- Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Lorraine M. McElhinney
- Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
- National Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 in Animals, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
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Shukla S, Karbhari A, Rastogi S, Agarwal U, Rai P, Mahajan A. Bench-to-bedside imaging in brain metastases: a road to precision oncology. Clin Radiol 2024:S0009-9260(24)00137-5. [PMID: 38637186 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2024.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Radiology has seen tremendous evolution in the last few decades. At the same time, oncology has made great strides in diagnosing and treating cancer. Distant metastases of neoplasms are being encountered more often in light of longer patient survival due to better therapeutic strategies and diagnostic methods. Brain metastasis (BM) is a dismal manifestation of systemic cancer. In the present scenario, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) are playing a big role in providing molecular information about cancer. Lately, molecular imaging has emerged as a stirring arena of dynamic imaging techniques that have enabled clinicians and scientists to noninvasively visualize and understand biological processes at the cellular and molecular levels. This knowledge has impacted etiopathogenesis, detection, personalized treatment, drug development, and our understanding of carcinogenesis. This article offers insight into the molecular biology underlying brain metastasis, its pathogenesis, imaging protocols, and algorithms. It also discusses disease-specific molecular imaging features, focusing on common tumors that spread to the brain, such as lung, breast, colorectal cancer, melanoma, and renal cell carcinoma. Additionally, it covers various targeted treatment options, criteria for assessing treatment response, and the role of artificial intelligence in diagnosing, managing, and predicting prognosis for patients with brain metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shukla
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Mahamana Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya Cancer Centre and Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital, Tata Memorial Hospital, Varanasi, 221 005, Maharashtra, India; Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, 400 012, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Karbhari
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, 400 012, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Rastogi
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, 400 012, Maharashtra, India
| | - U Agarwal
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, 400 012, Maharashtra, India
| | - P Rai
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, 400 012, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Mahajan
- Department of Imaging, The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, L7 8YA Liverpool, UK; Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, L7 8TX, Liverpool, UK.
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Hu H, He A, Aasen D, Shukla S, Ivey DG. Dimple Grinding Coupled with Optical Microscopy for Porosity Analysis of Metallic Coatings. Micron 2024; 178:103593. [PMID: 38301295 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2024.103593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Dimple grinding is one of the steps used in a common method of preparing samples for transmission electron microscopy (TEM); the TEM sample preparation process also involves ion beam sputtering after the dimpling stage. During dimpling, a spherical depression is machined into the sample, leaving a thicker rim to support and facilitate sample handling. In this paper, an alternative application for dimple grinding is developed; dimple grinding combined with optical microscopy is utilized to quantify internal porosity present within coatings. This technique essentially permits three dimensional porosity quantification across the coating thickness using a simple polishing method which provides analysis of areas larger than those observed during standard cross sectional microscopy. The application of this technique to nine electroless nickel-phosphorus (Ni-P) coatings deposited on Mg substrates is demonstrated. An analysis linking medium P content in the Ni-P coatings and high coating thickness to lower porosity is also performed. The lowest porosity was observed for medium P content coatings (5.2 wt% P), while the largest porosity occurred for the high P content coatings (10.0 wt% P). Porosity levels decreased continuously with increasing coating thickness (from 28 µm to 57 µm).
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A He
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - D Aasen
- Zinc8 Energy Solutions Inc., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S Shukla
- Zinc8 Energy Solutions Inc., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - D G Ivey
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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Chauhan A, Parmar M, Rajesham JD, Shukla S, Sahoo KC, Chauhan S, Chitiboyina S, Sinha A, Srigana G, Gorla M, Pati S. Landscaping tuberculosis multimorbidity: findings from a cross-sectional study in India. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:453. [PMID: 38350875 PMCID: PMC10863254 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17828-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multimorbidity, the concurrent presence of two or more chronic conditions is an emerging public health challenge. Till date, most of the research have focused on the presence and interaction of selected co-morbidities in tuberculosis (TB). There exist a critical knowledge gap on the magnitude of multimorbidity among TB patients and its impact on health outcomes. METHODS We undertook a cross-sectional study to assess the prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity among newly diagnosed TB patients in two states of India. A total of 323 patients were interviewed using a structured multimorbidity assessment questionnaire for primary care (MAQ-PC). MAQ-PC is already validated for Indian population and elicits 22 chronic conditions. We defined TB multimorbidity as the co-existence of TB with one or more chronic conditions and identified commonly occurring dyads (TB + single condition) and triads (TB + two conditions). RESULTS More than half (52%) of TB patients reported multimorbidity. Among dyads, depression, diabetes mellitus (DM), acid peptic disease (APD), hypertension, chronic alcoholism, arthritis and chronic back ache (CBA) were the most common co-occurring conditions while 'DM + arthritis', 'depression + APD', 'depression + DM' were the most commonly occurring triads among TB patients. Factors such as increasing age, low levels of education, alcohol abusers, drug-resistant TB and having health insurance were significantly associated with multimorbidity among TB patients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest high prevalence of multimorbidity among newly diagnosed TB patients in India. The presence of concordant and discordant conditions with TB may increase the health complexity, thus necessitating appropriate care protocols. Given, the current situation, wherein TB and non-communicable diseases (NCD) services are delivered through collaborative framework between programmes, there is a need for addressing multimorbidity at the healthcare delivery level.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chauhan
- Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India
| | - M Parmar
- World Health Organization, Country Office for India, New Delhi, India
| | - J D Rajesham
- State Tuberculosis Cell, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - S Shukla
- World Health Organization, National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme - Technical Support Network, New Delhi, India
| | - K C Sahoo
- Indian Council of Medical Research-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - S Chauhan
- World Health Organization, National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme - Technical Support Network, New Delhi, India
| | - S Chitiboyina
- State TB Training and Demonstration Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - A Sinha
- Indian Council of Medical Research-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - G Srigana
- World Health Organization, National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme - Technical Support Network, New Delhi, India
| | - M Gorla
- World Health Organization, National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme - Technical Support Network, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- Indian Council of Medical Research-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
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Bhattacharya K, Mahajan A, Vaish R, Rane S, Shukla S, D'Cruz AK. Imaging of Neck Nodes in Head and Neck Cancers - a Comprehensive Update. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2023; 35:429-445. [PMID: 37061456 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2023.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Cervical lymph node metastases from head and neck squamous cell cancers significantly reduce disease-free survival and worsen overall prognosis and, hence, deserve more aggressive management and follow-up. As per the eighth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging manual, extranodal extension, especially in human papillomavirus-negative cancers, has been incorporated in staging as it is important in deciding management and significantly impacts the outcome of head and neck squamous cell cancer. Lymph node imaging with various radiological modalities, including ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, has been widely used, not only to demonstrate nodal involvement but also for guided histopathological evaluation and therapeutic intervention. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, together with positron emission tomography, are used widely for the follow-up of treated patients. Finally, there is an emerging role for artificial intelligence in neck node imaging that has shown promising results, increasing the accuracy of detection of nodal involvement, especially normal-appearing nodes. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the diagnosis and management of involved neck nodes with a focus on sentinel node anatomy, pathogenesis, imaging correlates (including radiogenomics and artificial intelligence) and the role of image-guided interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bhattacharya
- Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Mahajan
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
| | - R Vaish
- Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Rane
- Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Shukla
- Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A K D'Cruz
- Apollo Hospitals, India; Union International Cancer Control (UICC), Geneva, Switzerland; Foundation of Head Neck Oncology, India
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Ghani M, Bangar A, Yang Y, Jung E, Sauceda C, Mandt T, Shukla S, Webster N, Steinmetz N, Newton I. Abstract No. 6 Treatment of HCC by Multimodal In Situ Vaccination Using Cryoablation and a Plant Virus Immunostimulant. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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Agrawal V, Das G, Singla LD, Shukla S, Maharana BR, Jayraw AK, Shakya M, Jatav GP. Bovine cerebral theileriosis: first molecular report in cross bred cattle calf in India. J Parasit Dis 2023; 47:113-117. [PMID: 36910325 PMCID: PMC9998821 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-022-01544-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine tropical theileriosis caused by Theileria annulata, is a serious constraint to Indian dairy industry with more fatal infections in exotic cattle and substantial losses to cross-bred and indigenous zebu cattle. The present communication is to place on record the first report of molecular based confirmed case of cerebral theileriosis caused by T. annulata coupled with its morphological detection, clinical manifestations, haematological alterations and therapeutic management in a cross bred cattle calf from India. After preparation of peripheral thin blood smear from cross bred cattle calf at the site of collection and fixation with methanol, blood sample brought to Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science and A.H, Jabalpur and stained by standard protocol for Giemsa staining. Genomic DNA was isolated from the collected blood sample using QIAamp® DNA blood mini kit following the manufacturer's recommendations and PCR was performed. The cross bred cow calf revealed high rise in temperature (105.5°F), increased heart rate, labored breathing with seromucous nasal discharge, enlargement of prescapular lymph node and animal exhibited tonic clonic convulsions in response to any sudden noise. Giemsa stained thin blood smear revealed intraerythrocytic piroplasm and Koch'sblue bodies of T. annulata within the cytoplasm of lymphocytes. The species of Theileria was confirmed by molecular amplification of genomic DNA as T. annulata.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Agrawal
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Mhow, Indore, M.P. India
- Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Jabalpur, M.P. India
| | - G. Das
- Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Jabalpur, M.P. India
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Jabalpur, India
| | - L. D. Singla
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004 India
| | - S. Shukla
- Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Jabalpur, M.P. India
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Mhow, Indore, India
| | - B. R. Maharana
- Referral Veterinary Diagnostic and Extension Centre (RVDEC), Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Uchani, Karnal, Haryana India
| | - A. K. Jayraw
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Mhow, Indore, M.P. India
- Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Jabalpur, M.P. India
| | - M. Shakya
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Mhow, Indore, M.P. India
- Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Jabalpur, M.P. India
| | - G. P. Jatav
- Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Jabalpur, M.P. India
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Mhow, Indore, India
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Acero MA, Adamson P, Aliaga L, Anfimov N, Antoshkin A, Arrieta-Diaz E, Asquith L, Aurisano A, Back A, Baird M, Balashov N, Baldi P, Bambah BA, Bashar S, Bays K, Bernstein R, Bhatnagar V, Bhattarai D, Bhuyan B, Bian J, Booth AC, Bowles R, Brahma B, Bromberg C, Buchanan N, Butkevich A, Calvez S, Carroll TJ, Catano-Mur E, Childress S, Chatla A, Chirco R, Choudhary BC, Christensen A, Coan TE, Colo M, Cremonesi L, Davies GS, Derwent PF, Ding P, Djurcic Z, Dolce M, Doyle D, Dueñas Tonguino D, Dukes EC, Ehrlich R, Elkins M, Ewart E, Feldman GJ, Filip P, Franc J, Frank MJ, Gallagher HR, Gandrajula R, Gao F, Giri A, Gomes RA, Goodman MC, Grichine V, Groh M, Group R, Guo B, Habig A, Hakl F, Hall A, Hartnell J, Hatcher R, Hausner H, He M, Heller K, Hewes V, Himmel A, Jargowsky B, Jarosz J, Jediny F, Johnson C, Judah M, Kakorin I, Kaplan DM, Kalitkina A, Keloth R, Klimov O, Koerner LW, Kolupaeva L, Kotelnikov S, Kralik R, Kullenberg C, Kubu M, Kumar A, Kuruppu CD, Kus V, Lackey T, Lang K, Lasorak P, Lesmeister J, Lin S, Lister A, Liu J, Lokajicek M, Lopez JMC, Mahji R, Magill S, Manrique Plata M, Mann WA, Manoharan MT, Marshak ML, Martinez-Casales M, Matveev V, Mayes B, Messier MD, Meyer H, Miao T, Mikola V, Miller WH, Mishra S, Mishra SR, Mislivec A, Mohanta R, Moren A, Morozova A, Mu W, Mualem L, Muether M, Mulder K, Naples D, Nath A, Nayak N, Nelleri S, Nelson JK, Nichol R, Niner E, Norman A, Norrick A, Nosek T, Oh H, Olshevskiy A, Olson T, Ott J, Pal A, Paley J, Panda L, Patterson RB, Pawloski G, Petrova O, Petti R, Phan DD, Plunkett RK, Pobedimov A, Porter JCC, Rafique A, Prais LR, Raj V, Rajaoalisoa M, Ramson B, Rebel B, Rojas P, Roy P, Ryabov V, Samoylov O, Sanchez MC, Sánchez Falero S, Shanahan P, Shukla S, Sheshukov A, Singh I, Singh P, Singh V, Smith E, Smolik J, Snopok P, Solomey N, Sousa A, Soustruznik K, Strait M, Suter L, Sutton A, Swain S, Sweeney C, Sztuc A, Talaga RL, Tapia Oregui B, Tas P, Temizel BN, Thakore T, Thayyullathil RB, Thomas J, Tiras E, Tripathi J, Trokan-Tenorio J, Torun Y, Urheim J, Vahle P, Vallari Z, Vasel J, Vrba T, Wallbank M, Warburton TK, Wetstein M, Whittington D, Wickremasinghe DA, Wieber T, Wolcott J, Wu W, Xiao Y, Yaeggy B, Yallappa Dombara A, Yankelevich A, Yonehara K, Yu S, Yu Y, Zadorozhnyy S, Zalesak J, Zhang Y, Zwaska R. Measurement of the ν_{e}-Nucleus Charged-Current Double-Differential Cross Section at ⟨E_{ν}⟩=2.4 GeV Using NOvA. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:051802. [PMID: 36800478 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.051802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The inclusive electron neutrino charged-current cross section is measured in the NOvA near detector using 8.02×10^{20} protons-on-target in the NuMI beam. The sample of GeV electron neutrino interactions is the largest analyzed to date and is limited by ≃17% systematic rather than the ≃7.4% statistical uncertainties. The double-differential cross section in final-state electron energy and angle is presented for the first time, together with the single-differential dependence on Q^{2} (squared four-momentum transfer) and energy, in the range 1 GeV≤E_{ν}<6 GeV. Detailed comparisons are made to the predictions of the GENIE, GiBUU, NEUT, and NuWro neutrino event generators. The data do not strongly favor a model over the others consistently across all three cross sections measured, though some models have especially good or poor agreement in the single differential cross section vs Q^{2}.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Acero
- Universidad del Atlantico, Carrera 30 No. 8-49, Puerto Colombia, Atlantico, Colombia
| | - P Adamson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - L Aliaga
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - N Anfimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region 141980, Russia
| | - A Antoshkin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region 141980, Russia
| | - E Arrieta-Diaz
- Universidad del Magdalena, Carrera 32 No 22-08 Santa Marta, Colombia
| | - L Asquith
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - A Aurisano
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - A Back
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - M Baird
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - N Balashov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region 141980, Russia
| | - P Baldi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - B A Bambah
- School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - S Bashar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - K Bays
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago Illinois 60616, USA
| | - R Bernstein
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - V Bhatnagar
- Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
| | - D Bhattarai
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - B Bhuyan
- Department of Physics, IIT Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, India
| | - J Bian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - A C Booth
- Particle Physics Research Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - R Bowles
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - B Brahma
- Department of Physics, IIT Hyderabad, Hyderabad 502 205, India
| | - C Bromberg
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - N Buchanan
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1875, USA
| | - A Butkevich
- Institute for Nuclear Research of Russia, Academy of Sciences 7a, 60th October Anniversary prospect, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - S Calvez
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1875, USA
| | - T J Carroll
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - E Catano-Mur
- Department of Physics, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - S Childress
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Chatla
- School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - R Chirco
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago Illinois 60616, USA
| | - B C Choudhary
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - A Christensen
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1875, USA
| | - T E Coan
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - M Colo
- Department of Physics, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - L Cremonesi
- Particle Physics Research Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - G S Davies
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - P F Derwent
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - P Ding
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - Z Djurcic
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - M Dolce
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - D Doyle
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1875, USA
| | - D Dueñas Tonguino
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - E C Dukes
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - R Ehrlich
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - M Elkins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - E Ewart
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - G J Feldman
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - P Filip
- Institute of Physics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Franc
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Brehova 7, 115 19 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - M J Frank
- Department of Physics, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA
| | - H R Gallagher
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - R Gandrajula
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - F Gao
- Department of Physics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - A Giri
- Department of Physics, IIT Hyderabad, Hyderabad 502 205, India
| | - R A Gomes
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás 74690-900, Brazil
| | - M C Goodman
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - V Grichine
- Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics Division, Lebedev Physical Institute, Leninsky Prospect 53, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - M Groh
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1875, USA
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - R Group
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - B Guo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - A Habig
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, USA
| | - F Hakl
- Institute of Computer Science, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 07 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Hall
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - J Hartnell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - R Hatcher
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - H Hausner
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M He
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - K Heller
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - V Hewes
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - A Himmel
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - B Jargowsky
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - J Jarosz
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1875, USA
| | - F Jediny
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Brehova 7, 115 19 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - C Johnson
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1875, USA
| | - M Judah
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1875, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - I Kakorin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region 141980, Russia
| | - D M Kaplan
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago Illinois 60616, USA
| | - A Kalitkina
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region 141980, Russia
| | - R Keloth
- Department of Physics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 682 022, India
| | - O Klimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region 141980, Russia
| | - L W Koerner
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - L Kolupaeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region 141980, Russia
| | - S Kotelnikov
- Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics Division, Lebedev Physical Institute, Leninsky Prospect 53, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - R Kralik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - Ch Kullenberg
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region 141980, Russia
| | - M Kubu
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Brehova 7, 115 19 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - A Kumar
- Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
| | - C D Kuruppu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - V Kus
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Brehova 7, 115 19 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - T Lackey
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - K Lang
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - P Lasorak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - J Lesmeister
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - S Lin
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1875, USA
| | - A Lister
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - M Lokajicek
- Institute of Physics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J M C Lopez
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - R Mahji
- School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - S Magill
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | | | - W A Mann
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - M T Manoharan
- Department of Physics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 682 022, India
| | - M L Marshak
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - M Martinez-Casales
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - V Matveev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of Russia, Academy of Sciences 7a, 60th October Anniversary prospect, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - B Mayes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - M D Messier
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - H Meyer
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Physics, Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas 67206, USA
| | - T Miao
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - V Mikola
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - W H Miller
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - S Mishra
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - S R Mishra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - A Mislivec
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - R Mohanta
- School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - A Moren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, USA
| | - A Morozova
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region 141980, Russia
| | - W Mu
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - L Mualem
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - M Muether
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Physics, Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas 67206, USA
| | - K Mulder
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - D Naples
- Department of Physics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - A Nath
- Department of Physics, IIT Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, India
| | - N Nayak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - S Nelleri
- Department of Physics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 682 022, India
| | - J K Nelson
- Department of Physics, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - R Nichol
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - E Niner
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Norman
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Norrick
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - T Nosek
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - H Oh
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - A Olshevskiy
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region 141980, Russia
| | - T Olson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - J Ott
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - A Pal
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Khurda 752050, Odisha, India
| | - J Paley
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - L Panda
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Khurda 752050, Odisha, India
| | - R B Patterson
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - G Pawloski
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - O Petrova
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region 141980, Russia
| | - R Petti
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D D Phan
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - R K Plunkett
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Pobedimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region 141980, Russia
| | - J C C Porter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - A Rafique
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L R Prais
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - V Raj
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - M Rajaoalisoa
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - B Ramson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - B Rebel
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - P Rojas
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1875, USA
| | - P Roy
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Physics, Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas 67206, USA
| | - V Ryabov
- Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics Division, Lebedev Physical Institute, Leninsky Prospect 53, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - O Samoylov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region 141980, Russia
| | - M C Sanchez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - S Sánchez Falero
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - P Shanahan
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - S Shukla
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - A Sheshukov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region 141980, Russia
| | - I Singh
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - P Singh
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
- Particle Physics Research Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - V Singh
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - E Smith
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - J Smolik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Brehova 7, 115 19 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - P Snopok
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago Illinois 60616, USA
| | - N Solomey
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Physics, Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas 67206, USA
| | - A Sousa
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - K Soustruznik
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Strait
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - L Suter
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Sutton
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - S Swain
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Khurda 752050, Odisha, India
| | - C Sweeney
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - A Sztuc
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - R L Talaga
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Tapia Oregui
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - P Tas
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - B N Temizel
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago Illinois 60616, USA
| | - T Thakore
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - R B Thayyullathil
- Department of Physics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 682 022, India
| | - J Thomas
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - E Tiras
- Department of Physics, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38030, Turkey
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J Tripathi
- Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
| | - J Trokan-Tenorio
- Department of Physics, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - Y Torun
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago Illinois 60616, USA
| | - J Urheim
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - P Vahle
- Department of Physics, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - Z Vallari
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Vasel
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - T Vrba
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Brehova 7, 115 19 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - M Wallbank
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - T K Warburton
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - M Wetstein
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - D Whittington
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse New York 13210, USA
| | | | - T Wieber
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - J Wolcott
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - W Wu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Y Xiao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - B Yaeggy
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - A Yallappa Dombara
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse New York 13210, USA
| | - A Yankelevich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - K Yonehara
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - S Yu
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago Illinois 60616, USA
| | - Y Yu
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago Illinois 60616, USA
| | - S Zadorozhnyy
- Institute for Nuclear Research of Russia, Academy of Sciences 7a, 60th October Anniversary prospect, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - J Zalesak
- Institute of Physics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - R Zwaska
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
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Shukla S, Cohen J, Han G, Ho R, Terushkin V, Lipner SR. Virtual Resident Education with the Dermatologic Society of Greater New York During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Dermatol Pract Concept 2023; 13:dpc.1301a13. [PMID: 36892356 PMCID: PMC9946056 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1301a13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Roger Ho
- New York University, Manhattan NY, USA
| | - Vitaly Terushkin
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Shari R Lipner
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
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Dalal A, Munjal P, Gangwar U, Sethi J, Shukla S, Gholap S. Analysis of Post‐Blast Residues in Soil Sample by 1H qNMR Spectroscopy. Propellants Explo Pyrotec 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/prep.202200019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anu Dalal
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi INDIA
| | - Priyanka Munjal
- Lok Nayak Jayaprakash Narayan National Institute of Criminology and Forensic Science INDIA
| | | | - J. Sethi
- Lok Nayak Jayaprakash Narayan National Institute of Criminology and Forensic Science INDIA
| | - S. Shukla
- Lok Nayak Jayaprakash Narayan National Institute of Criminology and Forensic Science INDIA
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Kumthekar G, Nagarkar M, Shukla S. POS-011 CORRELATION OF CLINICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19: A SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [PMCID: PMC9475075 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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12
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Boruah JLH, Venkatesh G, Nagarajan S, Senthilkumar D, Bhatia S, Tosh C, Kumar M, Rai R, Tripathi S, Shukla S, Dubey CK, Singh VP. Immunogenicity and cross-protective efficacy of recombinant H5HA1 protein of clade 2.3.2.1a highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus expressed in E.coli. Microb Pathog 2022; 168:105605. [PMID: 35636692 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The global spread of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) in poultry has caused great economic loss to the poultry farmers and industry with significant pandemic threat. The current study involved production of recombinant HA1 protein of clade 2.3.2.1a H5N1 HPAIV (rH5HA1) in E.coli and evaluation of its protective efficacy in chickens. Purification under denaturing conditions and refolding by dialysis against buffers containing decreasing concentrations of urea was found to preserve the biological activity of the expressed recombinant protein as assessed by hemagglutination assay, Western blot and ELISA. The Montanide ISA 71 VGA adjuvanted rH5HA1 protein was used for immunization of chickens. Humoral response was maintained at a minimum of 4log2 hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titre till 154 days post 2nd booster. We evaluated the protective efficacy of rH5HA1 protein in immunized chickens by challenging them with homologous (2.3.2.1a) and heterologous (2.3.2.1c) clades of H5N1 HPAIV. In both the groups, the HI titre significantly increased (P < 0.05) after challenge and the virus shedding significantly (P < 0.05) reduced between 3rd and 14th day post challenge. The virus shedding ratio in oro-pharyngeal swabs did not differ significantly between both the groups except on 7 days post challenge and during the entire experimental period in cloacal swabs. These results indicate that rH5HA1 was able to induce homologous and cross protective immune response in chickens and could be a potential vaccine candidate used for combating the global spread of H5N1 HPAIV threat. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report immunogenicity and protective efficacy of prokaryotic recombinant H5HA1 protein in chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Govindarajulu Venkatesh
- ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (NIHSAD), Anand Nagar, Bhopal, MP, 462021, India.
| | - Shanmugasundaram Nagarajan
- ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (NIHSAD), Anand Nagar, Bhopal, MP, 462021, India
| | - Dhanapal Senthilkumar
- ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (NIHSAD), Anand Nagar, Bhopal, MP, 462021, India
| | - Sandeep Bhatia
- ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (NIHSAD), Anand Nagar, Bhopal, MP, 462021, India
| | - Chakradhar Tosh
- ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (NIHSAD), Anand Nagar, Bhopal, MP, 462021, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (NIHSAD), Anand Nagar, Bhopal, MP, 462021, India
| | - Rupal Rai
- ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (NIHSAD), Anand Nagar, Bhopal, MP, 462021, India
| | - Sushil Tripathi
- ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (NIHSAD), Anand Nagar, Bhopal, MP, 462021, India
| | - Shweta Shukla
- ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (NIHSAD), Anand Nagar, Bhopal, MP, 462021, India
| | - Chandan Kumar Dubey
- ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (NIHSAD), Anand Nagar, Bhopal, MP, 462021, India
| | - Vijendra Pal Singh
- ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (NIHSAD), Anand Nagar, Bhopal, MP, 462021, India
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Maurya VK, Upadhyay V, Dubey P, Shukla S, Chaturvedi A. Assessment of front-line healthcare workers' Knowledge, Attitude and Practice after several months of COVID-19 pandemic. J Healthc Qual Res 2022; 37:20-27. [PMID: 34419379 PMCID: PMC8295023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhqr.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frontline healthcare workers (F-HCWs) are at the forefront of medical care providers against the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic which has life-threatening potentials. Inadequate knowledge and incorrect attitudes among HCWs can directly influence practices and lead to delayed diagnosis, poor infection control practices, and spread of disease. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding the COVID-19 pandemic among the frontline healthcare workers (F-HCWs) working at a tertiary care hospital situated in eastern Uttar Pradesh and to identify the factors significantly associated with KAP. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 260 health care providers across eastern Uttar Pradesh including Basti city during December 2020. Data was collected using a self-primed pretested questionnaire from the FHCWs working at a tertiary care hospital of eastern Uttar Pradesh. In this survey, a convenience sampling method was adopted. 12 items on knowledge, 10 items on attitude, and 5 items on practices related to COVID-19. The other variables consisted of 4 items on socio-demographic attributes, p-value and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were performed to assess the attitude and practices in relation to knowledge. RESULTS Of the total 260 study population, 228 were interviewed online, 32 were self-administered. Knowledge and attitude of the nursing staff were highest but practice score was best for residents. Among different age groups knowledge, attitude and practices scores were highest for 35-45, 45-60 and 25-35 age groups respectively. Respondents having 5-10 years of experience had the best knowledge and the attitude score was highest for HCWs having 10-20 years' experience but the practice score was higher for HCWs having more than 20 years' work experience. Overall knowledge score of respondents having strong correlation with attitude (p<0.05) and to the practice (p<0.05). CONCLUSION In this survey many F-HCWs reported adequate overall knowledge with a positive attitude and adopted appropriate practices. The F-HCWs with a higher level of education and more years of experience in health care facilities had better KAP towards COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Maurya
- Department of Microbiology, MVAS Medical College, Basti, UP, India
| | - V Upadhyay
- Department of Microbiology, MVAS Medical College, Basti, UP, India
| | - P Dubey
- Department of Community Medicine, MVAS Medical College, Basti, UP, India
| | - S Shukla
- Department of Microbiology, MVAS Medical College, Basti, UP, India.
| | - A Chaturvedi
- Department of Microbiology, MVAS Medical College, Basti, UP, India
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14
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Lipner SR, Shukla S, Stewart CR, Behbahani S. Reconceptualizing dermatology patient care and education during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Int J Womens Dermatol 2021; 7:856-857. [PMID: 34729390 PMCID: PMC8553376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shari R. Lipner
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- Corresponding author.
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15
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Pachepsky Y, Anderson R, Harter T, Jacques D, Jamieson R, Jeong J, Kim H, Lamorski K, Martinez G, Ouyang Y, Shukla S, Wan Y, Zheng W, Zhang W. Fate and transport in environmental quality. J Environ Qual 2021; 50:1282-1289. [PMID: 34661914 PMCID: PMC9832569 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Changes in pollutant concentrations in environmental media occur both from pollutant transport in water or air and from local processes, such as adsorption, degradation, precipitation, straining, and so on. The terms "fate and transport" and "transport and fate" reflect the coupling of moving with the carrier media and biogeochemical processes describing local transformations or interactions. The Journal of Environmental Quality (JEQ) was one of the first to publish papers on fate and transport (F&T). This paper is a minireview written to commemorate the 50th anniversary of JEQ and show how the research interests, methodology, and public attention have been reflected in fate and transport publications in JEQ during the last 40 years. We report the statistics showing how the representation of different pollutant groups in papers changed with time. Major focus areas have included the effect of solution composition on F&T and concurrent F&T, the role of organic matter, and the relative role of different F&T pathways. The role of temporal and spatial heterogeneity has been studied at different scales. The value of long-term F&T studies and developments in modeling as the F&T research approach was amply demonstrated. Fate and transport studies have been an essential part of conservation measure evaluation and comparison and ecological risk assessment. For 50 years, JEQ has delivered new insights, methods, and applications related to F&T science. The importance of its service to society is recognized, and we look forward to new generations of F&T researchers presenting their contributions in JEQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Pachepsky
- USDA-ARS, Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Bldg. 173, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA
| | - R Anderson
- USDA-ARS, U.S. Salinity Laboratory, Agricultural Water Efficiency and Salinity Research Unit, 450 W. Big Springs Rd., Riverside, CA, 92507-4617, USA
| | - T Harter
- Dep. of Land, Air and Water Resources, Univ. of California, Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616-8627, USA
| | - D Jacques
- Performance Assessments Unit, Institute Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research, Mol, Belgium
| | - R Jamieson
- Dep. of Civil and Resource Engineering, Dalhousie Univ., Sexton Campus, 1360 Barrington St., Rm. 215 Bldg. D, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - J Jeong
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research, 720 East Blackland Rd., Temple, TX, 76502, USA
| | - H Kim
- Dep. of Mineral Resources and Energy Engineering, Dep. of Environment and Energy, Jeonbuk National Univ., 567, Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - K Lamorski
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, Lublin, 20-290, Poland
| | - G Martinez
- Dep. of Applied Physics, Univ. of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Y Ouyang
- USDA Forest Service, Center for Bottomland Hardwoods Research, 775 Stone Blvd., Thompson Hall, Room 309, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - S Shukla
- The Southwest Florida Research and Education Center, Univ. of Florida, Immokalee, FL, 34142, USA
| | - Y Wan
- USEPA Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Gulf Breeze, FL, 32561, USA
| | - W Zheng
- Illinois Sustainable Technology Center, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1 Hazelwood Dr., Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
| | - W Zhang
- Dep. of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences; Environmental Science, and Policy Program, Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
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16
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Nathan A, Rashid A, Shukla S, Sinha A, Sivathasan S, Rassam J, Smart S, Patel K, Shah N, Lamb B. 198 Immediate Post-Operative PDE5i Therapy Improves Early Erectile Function Outcomes after Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy (RARP). Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.1071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
To assess whether the timing of post-operative Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor (PDE5i) therapy after Robot Assisted Radical Prostatectomy (RARP) is associated with a change in early erectile function, continence, or safety outcomes.
Method
Data was prospectively collected from a single surgeon in one tertiary centre and retrospectively evaluated. 158 patients were treated with PDE5i therapy post RARP over a two-year period.
Results
There were no significant differences in pre-operative characteristics between the therapy groups. Patients that had bilateral nerve sparing had a mean drop in Erectile Function (EF) score by 5.4 compared to 8.8 in the unilateral group. Additionally, 34.9% of bilateral nerve sparing patients returned to baseline compared to 12.1% of unilateral. Drop in EF scores and percentage return to baseline for unilateral nerve sparing was respectively 9 and 11.1% of immediate (day 1-2), 7 and 14.8% of early (day 3-14) and 9.7 and 9.5% of late (day >14) therapy (p = 0.9 and p = 0.6). For bilateral nerve sparing this was respectively 3.5 and 42.9% immediate therapy, 5.5 and 35.5% early therapy and 7.3 and 25% late therapy (p = 0.017 and p = 0.045). Pad free and social continence was achieved in 54% and 37% of those receiving immediate therapy, 60% and 33% for early therapy and 26% and 54% for late therapy. There were no differences in compliance, complication, or readmission outcomes.
Conclusions
Immediate PDE5i therapy should be considered in patients following nerve sparing RARP in order to maximise functional outcomes, especially in those undergoing bilateral nerve spare.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nathan
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - A Rashid
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - S Shukla
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - A Sinha
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - S Sivathasan
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J Rassam
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - S Smart
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - K Patel
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - N Shah
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - B Lamb
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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17
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Tan L, Mullins W, Gargan K, Shea J, Brice J, Gargan A, Townsend J, Jang C, Shukla S, Asif A, Fricker M, Nathan A, Mohan M. 734 Evaluation of A Webinar Based Surgical Teaching Course (EDUCATE) - A Prospective Cohort Study. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab258.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Anecdotal evidence suggests Foundation Year (FY) doctors start surgical rotations with less confidence than medical rotations. The study aimed to determine the effect of a national webinar-based surgical teaching course on participants’ confidence, and to assess attitudes surrounding undergraduate surgical education.
Method
This prospective cohort study is reported with reference to STROBE guidelines and received ethical approval. A series of 15 free-access webinars was developed based on the Royal College of Surgeons Undergraduate Curriculum. An expert-validated questionnaire was used to collect data before and after the course. Inclusion criteria were UK-based medical students and FY doctors who attended at least one webinar. The primary outcome was confidence in completing common tasks during surgical rotations.
Results
Completed pre-course (484) and post-course (352) questionnaires yielded 92 paired samples (63% female). 85% were medical students, representing 29 UK universities, and 15% FY doctors. Mean confidence in assessing, investigating, and implementing initial management of surgical conditions was greater after the intervention (p ≤ 0.001). Mean confidence in managing on-call tasks and starting a surgical FY job was also higher post-course greater (p ≤ 0.001). These improvements correlated with webinar attendance (p ≤ 0.05). 27.1% of participants were satisfied with the quality of undergraduate surgical education. 22.9% agreed that surgical placements prepared them well to manage surgical tasks.
Conclusions
Medical students and FY doctors report low confidence and feel unprepared in managing surgical tasks. Additionally, they report poor satisfaction with undergraduate surgical education. This shortfall may be improved through delivery of a national, accessible, targeted online webinar series and curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Tan
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - W Mullins
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - K Gargan
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J Shea
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J Brice
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - A Gargan
- Charing Cross Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Townsend
- Harrogate Hospital, Harrogate, United Kingdom
| | - C Jang
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - S Shukla
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - A Asif
- University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - M Fricker
- University of Newcastle, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - A Nathan
- Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Mohan
- Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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18
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Folly AJ, Marston DA, Golding M, Shukla S, Wilkie R, Lean FZX, Núñez A, Worledge L, Aegerter J, Banyard AC, Fooks AR, Johnson N, McElhinney LM. Incursion of European Bat Lyssavirus 1 (EBLV-1) in Serotine Bats in the United Kingdom. Viruses 2021; 13:v13101979. [PMID: 34696409 PMCID: PMC8536961 DOI: 10.3390/v13101979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lyssaviruses are an important genus of zoonotic viruses which cause the disease rabies. The United Kingdom is free of classical rabies (RABV). However, bat rabies due to European bat lyssavirus 2 (EBLV-2), has been detected in Daubenton’s bats (Myotis daubentonii) in Great Britain since 1996, including a fatal human case in Scotland in 2002. Across Europe, European bat lyssavirus 1 (EBLV-1) is commonly associated with serotine bats (Eptesicus serotinus). Despite the presence of serotine bats across large parts of southern England, EBLV-1 had not previously been detected in this population. However, in 2018, EBLV-1 was detected through passive surveillance in a serotine bat from Dorset, England, using a combination of fluorescent antibody test, reverse transcription-PCR, Sanger sequencing and immunohistochemical analysis. Subsequent EBLV-1 positive serotine bats have been identified in South West England, again through passive surveillance, during 2018, 2019 and 2020. Here, we confirm details of seven cases of EBLV-1 and present similarities in genetic sequence indicating that emergence of EBLV-1 is likely to be recent, potentially associated with the natural movement of bats from the near continent
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Affiliation(s)
- Arran J. Folly
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK; (D.A.M.); (M.G.); (S.S.); (R.W.); (A.C.B.); (A.R.F.); (N.J.); (L.M.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Denise A. Marston
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK; (D.A.M.); (M.G.); (S.S.); (R.W.); (A.C.B.); (A.R.F.); (N.J.); (L.M.M.)
| | - Megan Golding
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK; (D.A.M.); (M.G.); (S.S.); (R.W.); (A.C.B.); (A.R.F.); (N.J.); (L.M.M.)
| | - Shweta Shukla
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK; (D.A.M.); (M.G.); (S.S.); (R.W.); (A.C.B.); (A.R.F.); (N.J.); (L.M.M.)
| | - Rebekah Wilkie
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK; (D.A.M.); (M.G.); (S.S.); (R.W.); (A.C.B.); (A.R.F.); (N.J.); (L.M.M.)
| | - Fabian Z. X. Lean
- Pathology and Animal Sciences Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK; (F.Z.X.L.); (A.N.)
| | - Alejandro Núñez
- Pathology and Animal Sciences Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK; (F.Z.X.L.); (A.N.)
| | - Lisa Worledge
- Bat Conservation Trust, Studio 15 Cloisters House, Cloisters Business Centre, 8 Battersea Park Road, London SW8 4BG, UK;
| | - James Aegerter
- National Wildlife Management Centre, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, UK;
| | - Ashley C. Banyard
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK; (D.A.M.); (M.G.); (S.S.); (R.W.); (A.C.B.); (A.R.F.); (N.J.); (L.M.M.)
| | - Anthony R. Fooks
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK; (D.A.M.); (M.G.); (S.S.); (R.W.); (A.C.B.); (A.R.F.); (N.J.); (L.M.M.)
| | - Nicholas Johnson
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK; (D.A.M.); (M.G.); (S.S.); (R.W.); (A.C.B.); (A.R.F.); (N.J.); (L.M.M.)
| | - Lorraine M. McElhinney
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK; (D.A.M.); (M.G.); (S.S.); (R.W.); (A.C.B.); (A.R.F.); (N.J.); (L.M.M.)
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19
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Usman MB, Bhardwaj S, Roychoudhury S, Kumar D, Alexiou A, Kumar P, Ambasta RK, Prasher P, Shukla S, Upadhye V, Khan FA, Awasthi R, Shastri MD, Singh SK, Gupta G, Chellappan DK, Dua K, Jha SK, Ruokolainen J, Kesari KK, Ojha S, Jha NK. Immunotherapy for Alzheimer's Disease: Current Scenario and Future Perspectives. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2021; 8:534-551. [PMID: 34585229 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2021.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a global health concern owing to its complexity, which often poses a great challenge to the development of therapeutic approaches. No single theory has yet accounted for the various risk factors leading to the pathological and clinical manifestations of dementia-type AD. Therefore, treatment options targeting various molecules involved in the pathogenesis of the disease have been unsuccessful. However, the exploration of various immunotherapeutic avenues revitalizes hope after decades of disappointment. The hallmark of a good immunotherapeutic candidate is not only to remove amyloid plaques but also to slow cognitive decline. In line with this, both active and passive immunotherapy have shown success and limitations. Recent approval of aducanumab for the treatment of AD demonstrates how close passive immunotherapy is to being successful. However, several major bottlenecks still need to be resolved. This review outlines recent successes and challenges in the pursuit of an AD vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Usman
- Dr. Niraj Kumar Jha, Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology (SET), Sharda University, Knowledge Park III, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh-201310, India, ; , Tel: +91-7488019194, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9486-4069; Dr. Shreesh Ojha, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, PO Box - 17666, Al Ain, UAE, E-mail: , Tel: +971-3-7137524, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7801-2966
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20
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Chaturvedi RK, Shukla S, Seth K, Agrawal AK. Corrigendum to "Zuckerkandl's organ improves long-term survival and function of neural stem cell's derived dopaminergic neurons in parkinsonian rats" [Experimental Neurology Volume 210, Issue 2, April 2008, Pages 608-623]. Exp Neurol 2021; 346:113859. [PMID: 34521510 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R K Chaturvedi
- Developmental Toxicology Division, Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Post Box-80, M.G. Marg, Lucknow 226,001, India
| | - S Shukla
- Developmental Toxicology Division, Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Post Box-80, M.G. Marg, Lucknow 226,001, India
| | - K Seth
- Developmental Toxicology Division, Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Post Box-80, M.G. Marg, Lucknow 226,001, India
| | - A K Agrawal
- Developmental Toxicology Division, Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Post Box-80, M.G. Marg, Lucknow 226,001, India.
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21
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Cline A, Gao JC, Berk-Krauss J, Kaplan L, Bienenfeld A, Desai A, Huang A, Bleicher B, Chopra R, Shukla S, Caleb J, Rodriguez B, James N, Marmon S. Sustained reduction in no-show rate with the integration of teledermatology in a Federally Qualified Health Center. J Am Acad Dermatol 2021; 85:e299-e301. [PMID: 34298072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.06.892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Cline
- Department of Dermatology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York; Department of Dermatology, Metropolitan Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Dermatology, Coney Island Hospital, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Jia C Gao
- Department of Dermatology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Juliana Berk-Krauss
- Department of Dermatology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Laura Kaplan
- Department of Dermatology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Amanda Bienenfeld
- Department of Dermatology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Ankuri Desai
- Department of Dermatology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Amy Huang
- Department of Dermatology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Brady Bleicher
- Department of Dermatology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Rishi Chopra
- Department of Dermatology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Shweta Shukla
- Department of Dermatology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
| | - JoNise Caleb
- Department of Ambulatory Care, Cumberland Diagnostic and Treatment Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Bridget Rodriguez
- Department of Ambulatory Care, Cumberland Diagnostic and Treatment Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Nikeisha James
- Department of Ambulatory Care, Cumberland Diagnostic and Treatment Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Shoshana Marmon
- Department of Dermatology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York; Department of Dermatology, Coney Island Hospital, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Dermatology, Cumberland Diagnostic and Treatment Center, Brooklyn, New York.
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22
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Shukla S, Amuzie A, Moslehi D, Linos E, Lester J. YouTube as a source of educational information for natural hair. Br J Dermatol 2021; 185:846-847. [PMID: 33887058 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Shukla
- SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - A Amuzie
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - D Moslehi
- University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - E Linos
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - J Lester
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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23
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Shukla S, Kushwaha R, Singh M, Saroj R, Puranik V, Agarwal R, Kaur D. Quantification of bioactive compounds in guava at different ripening stages. Food Res 2021. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.5(3).554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is one of the most important tropical fruits belonging to
the genus Psidium and the Myrtaceae family and claim to have phenolic compounds
that have been reported to possess strong antioxidant activity. This study was aimed to
evaluate the bioactive constituents in guava cultivars at different ripening stages by
HPLC. The five guava cultivars were selected at different ripening stages and the
bioactive components were analysed by high-pressure liquid chromatography. The
quantification of bioactive compounds revealed that the highest amount of bioactive
compounds was found in cultivar Safeda at the unripe stage, while a minimum amount
was found in ripe Apple Colour guava cultivar. The six bioactive compounds were
quantified in the range of gallic acid (9.46-63.08 mg/100 g), quercetin (0.11-2.51
mg/100 g), myrcetin (0.09-0.034 mg/100 g), ascorbic acid (7.45-75.07 mg/100 g),
apegenin (0.01-0.032 mg/100 g) and lycopene (0.34-0.92 mg/100 g). The exploratory
evaluation of guava samples was performed through Principal Component Analysis
(PCA), the bioactive compounds, lycopene, myricetin, and quercetin are dominant
variables on this PC1 (61.52%) (Scores better than 0.7), thereby causing greater
variability among these samples. The second principal component (PC2) represents
16.54% of the total variance and the ascorbic acid, gallic acid and apeginin (score
better than 0.7), are the dominant variables on this PC.
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Nathan A, Shukla S, Sinha A, Sivathasan S, Rashid A, Rassam J, Smart S, Patel K, Shah N, Lamb B. 31 Immediate Post-Operative Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors (PDE5i) Therapy Improves Early Erectile Function Outcomes After Robot Assisted Radical Prostatectomy (RARP). Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
To assess whether the timing of post-RARP PDE5i therapy affects early erectile function, continence, or safety outcomes.
Method
Data from 158 patients treated with PDE5is post-RARP was prospectively collected over two years from a single surgeon at one tertiary centre and retrospectively evaluated. Therapy was started: immediately (day 1-2) in 29%, early (day 3-14) in 37% and late (after day 14) post-op in 34%. EPIC-26 Erectile Function (EF) scores were collected pre-op and post-op after a median 43-day follow-up interval.
Results
Drop in EF scores and percentage return to baseline post unilateral nerve sparing (UNS) compared to bilateral nerve sparing (BNS) RARP was respectively 9 and 11.1% versus 3.5 and 42.9% of immediate therapy, 7 and 14.8% versus 5.5 and 35.5% of early and 9.7 and 9.5% versus 7.3 and 25% of late. Pad free and social continence was achieved in 54% and 37% of those receiving immediate therapy, 60% and 33% for early and 26% and 54% for late.
Conclusions
Immediate post RARP PDE5i therapy may protect EF and should be considered clinically, with more benefits for BNS than UNS patients. Immediate or early, rather than late, PDE5i therapy improved early continence in BNS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nathan
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - S Shukla
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - A Sinha
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - S Sivathasan
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - A Rashid
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J Rassam
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - S Smart
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - K Patel
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - N Shah
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - B Lamb
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Tan L, Mullins W, Gargan A, Townsend J, Gargan K, Brice J, Shea J, Jang C, Shukla S, Asif A, Fricker M, Mohan M, Nathan A. 429 National Evaluation of Confidence and Preparedness for Surgical Rotations in Medical Students and Foundation Year Doctors. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Limited published and anecdotal evidence suggests foundation year (FY) doctors start their surgical rotations with lower confidence than medical rotations. This may be due to insufficient undergraduate practical teaching related to common surgical rotations. This study aimed to evaluate the confidence and preparedness for surgical rotations of medical students and FY doctors.
Method
An expert-validated questionnaire was distributed nationally to UK medical students and FY doctors. The primary outcome was confidence in completing common tasks during surgical rotations.
Results
491 participants (84% medical students, 16% FYs) were recruited from 36 UK medical schools. 80% were likely to pursue a career in surgery however only 7% felt confident about starting a surgical FY job. 66% felt neutral or unsatisfied about the quality of medical school surgical teaching, and 80% indicated that placements did not prepare them well to manage common FY surgical tasks. The internal reliability of the questionnaire was high (=0.939).
Conclusions
Medical students and FY doctors lack confidence and preparation for surgical jobs. High-quality, practically grounded educational courses such as the National Surgical Teaching Society (NSTS) webinar curriculum could improve confidence and preparedness for surgical rotations. Further research evaluating the benefits of such courses is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Tan
- University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - W Mullins
- University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - A Gargan
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Townsend
- Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - K Gargan
- University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J Brice
- University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - J Shea
- University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - C Jang
- University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - S Shukla
- University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - A Asif
- Leicester University, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - M Fricker
- Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - M Mohan
- University of Cambridge, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - A Nathan
- Royal Free London, NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Trivedi C, Shukla S, Adnan M, Shah K, Weiss L. Impact of “national suicide prevention week” on digital awareness of suicide prevention : an insight from google trends. Eur Psychiatry 2021. [PMCID: PMC9476111 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Every year in the month of September, National Suicide Prevention Week is celebrated. The goal of suicide prevention week is to inform the public about suicide prevention, primarily the warning signs of suicide. However, the impact of this month on the general population is unknown. The Google trends show how frequent web searches have been performed for a particular search-term, which provide an approximation of the people’s interest. Objectives To evaluate public interest in suicide prevention by analyzing the google trends of “Suicide Prevention” search-term. Methods We estimated the interest in such topics by running the google trends data of the last decade by using the filter [Search Term:“Suicide Prevention”, Locations: “United States” and Time Ranges “ 2010 to 2020”]. Results During this specific interval, people have searched “Suicide Prevention” most frequently during the month of September (month of National Suicide Prevention week). Conversely, in the other months, interest in “suicide prevention” fluctuated between little to none. The only other time people have shown interest in Suicide prevention, other than the month of September, was with suicide news in the media, such as the death of a celebrity by suicide, or suicide-related TV shows. [Figure]![]() Conclusions Although it is not definitive, it gives some idea that National Suicide Prevention week has a considerable impact on population interest. Since we did not observe sufficient public interest in other months, there should be frequent and systematic efforts to spread suicide prevention awareness among the general population.
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Tiwari R, Pandey SK, Goel S, Bhatia V, Shukla S, Jing X, Dhanasekaran SM, Ateeq B. Correction: SPINK1 promotes colorectal cancer progression by downregulating Metallothioneins expression. Oncogenesis 2021; 10:16. [PMID: 33619267 PMCID: PMC7900126 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-021-00305-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Tiwari
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - S K Pandey
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - S Goel
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - V Bhatia
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - S Shukla
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - X Jing
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - S M Dhanasekaran
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - B Ateeq
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India.
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28
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Walker E, Turaga SM, Wang X, Gopalakrishnan R, Shukla S, Basilion JP, Lathia JD. Development of near-infrared imaging agents for detection of junction adhesion molecule-A protein. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101007. [PMID: 33421750 PMCID: PMC7804988 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.101007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) monoclonal antibodies (mAb) conjugated with near infra-red fluorescent dye, IR700 – as a JAM-A mAb/IR700 agent was developed. An in vivo JAM-A mAb/IR700-specific near infra-red imaging of human-derived prostate and breast cancer xenograft is presented. A single injection of the agent is diminished number of mitotic cells in cancerous tissue of mice bearing heterotopic tumors. Since, our agent depicts the specific accumulation within the targeted tumors, this agent may be adapted to solid tumor targeted photoimmunotherapy.
Introduction Prostate and breast cancer are the most prevalent primary malignant human tumors globally. Prostatectomy and breast conservative surgery remain the most common definitive treatment option for the >500,000 men and women newly diagnosed with localized prostate and breast cancer each year only in the US. Morphological examination is the mainstay of diagnosis but margin under-sampling of the excised cancer tissue may lead to local recurrence. In despite of the progress of non-invasive optical imaging, there is still a clinical need for targeted optical imaging probes that could rapidly and globally visualize cancerous tissues. Methods Elevated expression of junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) on tumor cells and its multiple pro-tumorigenic activity make the JAM-A a candidate for molecular imaging. Near-infrared imaging probe, which employed anti-JAM-A monoclonal antibody (mAb) phthalocyanine dye IR700 conjugates (JAM-A mAb/IR700), was synthesized and used to identify and visualize heterotopic human prostate and breast tumor mouse xenografts in vivo. Results The intravenously injected JAM-A mAb/IR700 conjugates enabled the non-invasive detection of prostate and breast cancerous tissue by fluorescence imaging. A single dose of JAM-A mAb/IR700 reduced number of mitotic cancer cells in vivo, indicating theranostic ability of this imaging agent. The JAM-A mAb/IR700 conjugates allowed us to image a specific receptor expression in prostate and breast tumors without post-image processing. Conclusion This agent demonstrates promise as a method to image the extent of prostate and breast cancer in vivo and could assist with real-time visualization of extracapsular extension of cancerous tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Walker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Wearn Building, 11100 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106-5056, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - S M Turaga
- Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, NC10, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44115, USA
| | - X Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Wearn Building, 11100 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106-5056, USA
| | - R Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Radiology, Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106-7207, USA
| | - S Shukla
- Department of Urology at the University of Florida College of Medicine, Faculty Clinic, 653 West 8th Street, FC12, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
| | - J P Basilion
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Wearn Building, 11100 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106-5056, USA; Department of Radiology, Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106-7207, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - J D Lathia
- Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, NC10, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44115, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, 9500 Euclid Avenue, NC10, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Abstract
Purpose To characterize the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSD), symptoms, and risk factors among ophthalmologists. Methods An online survey was distributed to ophthalmologist members of the Maryland Society of Eye Physicians and Surgeons. The survey consisted of 34 questions on respondent demographics, practice characteristics, pain, and effects of MSD on their practice patterns. Participants were excluded if they were not ophthalmologists or if they had MSD symptoms prior to the start of their ophthalmology career. Demographics and practice patterns were compared for those with or without MSD symptoms using the Welch t test and the Fisher exact test. Results The survey was completed by 127 of 250 active members (response rate, 51%). Of the 127, 85 (66%) reported experiencing work-related pain, with an average pain level of 4/10. With regard to mean age, height, weight, years in practice, number of patients seen weekly, and hours worked weekly, there was no difference between respondents reporting pain and those without. Those reporting MSD symptoms spent significantly more time in surgery than those who did not (mean of 7.9 vs 5.3 hours/week [P < 0.01]). Fourteen percent of respondents reported plans to retire early due to their symptoms. Conclusions A majority of respondents experienced work-related MSD symptoms, which was associated with time spent in surgery. Modifications to the workplace environment focusing on ergonomics, particularly in the operating room, may benefit ophthalmologists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eva DeVience
- University of Maryland Baltimore Washington Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Stephen DeVience
- Elman Retina Group, Baltimore, Maryland.,University of Maryland Baltimore Washington Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland.,University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Shweta Shukla
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mona Kaleem
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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30
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Vincent V, Thakkar H, Shukla S, Aggarwal S, Singh A. Modulation of cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of high density lipoprotein (HDL) with bariatric surgery. Atherosclerosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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31
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Nathan A, Shukla S, Sinha A, Sivathasan S, Rashid A, Rassam J, Smart S, Patel K, Shah N, Lamb B. Immediate post-operative PDE5i therapy improves early Erectile Function Outcomes after Robot Assisted Radical Prostatectomy (RARP). EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)35855-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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32
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Shukla S, Khachemoune A. Reappraising basosquamous carcinoma: a summary of histologic features, diagnosis, and treatment. Arch Dermatol Res 2020; 312:605-609. [PMID: 32166375 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-020-02058-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Basosquamous carcinoma (BSC) is a malignant and aggressive neoplasm with unclear molecular etiology. It is often misdiagnosed as basal cell carcinoma (BCC) or squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) on biopsy as there are unclear histologic criteria for this neoplasm. It has been interchangeably referred to as metatypical BCC and collision tumor, although these entities are different. On histology, BSC consists of basal cells with areas with nests of squamous cells and an intermediate transition zone. The nature of this transition zone is not clearly defined in literature; however, Ber-EP4 staining is diagnostic for BSC. A gradation of Ber-EP4 staining from strongly positive in basaloid areas to weakly positive in an intermediate zone is demonstrated (no staining of squamous areas). Treatment with an array of modalities including wide local excision, Mohs surgery, radiotherapy, and palliative chemotherapy has been performed. We recommend further molecular studies in understanding the genetic mechanisms leading to BSC. For the purpose of good clinical practice, multiple biopsies and immunohistochemical studies should be performed to avoid sampling error that can lead to a misdiagnosis of BSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Shukla
- Brooklyn Campus of the VA NY Harbor Healthcare System, 800 Poly Place, Brooklyn, NY, 11209, USA.,SUNY downstate medical center, 450 Clarkson Ave, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA
| | - Amor Khachemoune
- Brooklyn Campus of the VA NY Harbor Healthcare System, 800 Poly Place, Brooklyn, NY, 11209, USA. .,SUNY downstate medical center, 450 Clarkson Ave, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA.
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33
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Baghel PS, Shukla S, Mathur RK, Randa R. A comparative study to evaluate the effect of honey dressing and silver sulfadiazene dressing on wound healing in burn patients. Indian J Plast Surg 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1699339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACTTo compare the effect of honey dressing and silver-sulfadiazene (SSD) dressing on wound healing in burn patients. Patients (n=78) of both sexes, with age group between 10 and 50 years and with first and second degree of burn of less than 50% of TBSA (Total body surface area) were included in the study, over a period of 2 years (2006-08). After stabilization, patients were randomly attributed into two groups: ‘honey group’ and ‘SSD group’. Time elapsed since burn was recorded. After washing with normal saline, undiluted pure honey was applied over the wounds of patients in the honey group (n=37) and SSD cream over the wounds of patients in SSD group (n=41), everyday. Wound was dressed with sterile gauze, cotton pads and bandaged. Status of the wound was assessed every third and seventh day and on the day of completion of study. Patients were followed up every fortnight till epithelialization. The bacteriological examination of the wound was done every seventh day. The mean age for case (honey group) and control (SSD group) was 34.5 years and 28.5 years, respectively. Wound swab culture was positive in 29 out of 36 patients who came within 8 hours of burn and in all patients who came after 24 hours. The average duration of healing in patients treated with honey and SSD dressing at any time of admission was 18.16 and 32.68 days, respectively. Wound of all those patients (100%) who reported within 1 hour became sterile with honey dressing in less than 7 days while none with SSD. All of the wounds became sterile in less than 21 days with honey, while tthis was so in only 36.5% with SSD treated wounds. The honey group included 33 patients reported within 24 hour of injury, and 26 out of them had complete outcome at 2 months of follow-up, while numbers for the SSD group were 32 and 12. Complete outcome for any admission point of time after 2 months was noted in 81% and 37% of patients in the honey group and the SSD group. Honey dressing improves wound healing, makes the wound sterile in lesser time, has a better outcome in terms of prevention of hypertrophic scarring and post-burn contractures, and decreases the need of debridement irrespective of time of admission, when compared to SSD dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. S. Baghel
- Department of Surgery, MGM Medical College and MY Hospital, Indore, India
| | - S. Shukla
- Department of Surgery, MGM Medical College and MY Hospital, Indore, India
| | - R. K. Mathur
- Department of Surgery, MGM Medical College and MY Hospital, Indore, India
| | - R. Randa
- Department of Paediatrics, MGM Medical College and MY Hospital, Indore, India
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Shukla S, Johnson J, Curry J, Kim Y, Argiris A, Luginbuhl A, Harshyne L, Rodeck U. Transcriptome signatures of treatment responses in a preoperative window of opportunity trial of nivolumab and tadalafil in resectable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz252.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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35
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Harshyne L, Luginbuhl A, Curry J, Kim Y, Argiris A, Shukla S, Rodeck U, Johnson J. Immune correlates in peripheral blood samples in a preoperative window of opportunity randomized trial of nivolumab with or without tadalafil in resectable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz253.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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36
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Mishra A, Singh S, Shukla S. Dopamine receptor D1 agonism induces DRP-1 inhibition to improve mitochondrial biogenesis and dopaminergic neurogenesis in rat model of Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.1437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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37
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Tripathi P, Shukla S. Does quercetin protects against oxidative stress and endoplasmic stress interplay in rotenone-induced nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration in rats? J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.1441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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38
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Rama N, Saha T, Shukla S, Goda C, Milewski D, Mascia A, Vatner R, Sengupta D, Katsis A, Abel E, Girdhani S, Miyazaki M, Rodriguez A, Ku A, Dua R, Parry R, Kalin T. Improved Tumor Control Through T-cell Infiltration Modulated by Ultra-High Dose Rate Proton FLASH Using a Clinical Pencil Beam Scanning Proton System. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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39
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Ou MT, Kleiman H, Kalarn S, Moradi A, Shukla S, Danielson M, Kaleem M, Boland M, Robin AL, Saeedi OJ. A Pilot Study on the Effects of Physician Gaze on Patient Satisfaction in the Setting of Electronic Health Records. J Acad Ophthalmol 2019; 11:e24-e29. [PMID: 32656491 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1694041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the amount of time ophthalmologists using Electronic Health Records (EHRs) spend looking at the patient and its correlation on patient satisfaction. Methods This prospective cohort study examined 67 patients seeking care at two different ophthalmology clinics. Videos of entire office visits were recorded and each video was graded for amount of time spent by physicians gazing at the patient, computer, paper medical records, or other areas. Videos were also graded for the amount of time examining the patient, and the physician speaking during each visit. A patient satisfaction survey was administered at the end of each office encounter. Time of physician gaze to the patient was correlated to satisfaction outcome measures. Results Ophthalmologists spent 28.0% ± 21.2% of the visit looking at the computer. Overall, patient satisfaction levels were very high (4.8 ± 0.5, 5-point Likert scale). Ophthalmologists spent the same amount of time looking at patients who were extremely satisfied (28.8% ± 16.7%) as those who were not extremely satisfied (28.8% ± 15.9%). Conclusions Ophthalmologists on EHRs spend over a third of each patient visit looking at the computer. However, patient satisfaction levels are very high. The amount of time that the ophthalmologist gazes at the patient or the computer does not appear to have an effect on patient satisfaction in this particular study. Further research still needs to be performed regarding the effects of EHRs on the patient experience. Physicians should continue to be sensitive to their patients' needs and approach the use of EHRs in patient encounters on an individual basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Ou
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hannah Kleiman
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sachin Kalarn
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ahmadreza Moradi
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shweta Shukla
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Madalyn Danielson
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mona Kaleem
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Boland
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alan L Robin
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Kellogg Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Osamah J Saeedi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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40
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Shukla S, Bishnoi A, Devi P, Kumar S, Srivastava A, Srivastava K, Fatma S. Synthesis, Characterization, and in vitro Antibacterial Evaluation of Barbituric Acid Derivatives. Russ J Org Chem 2019; 55:860-865. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428019060174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
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41
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Verma S, Santhosh AP, Shukla S, Gupta P, Mandavdhare HS, Dutta U, Sharma V. Gastrointestinal: An oral clue to an unusual cause of pain abdomen: Burton's line. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 34:629. [PMID: 30450668 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Verma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Internal medicine and GI Radiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - A P Santhosh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Internal medicine and GI Radiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S Shukla
- Department of Gastroenterology, Internal medicine and GI Radiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - P Gupta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Internal medicine and GI Radiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - H S Mandavdhare
- Department of Gastroenterology, Internal medicine and GI Radiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - U Dutta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Internal medicine and GI Radiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - V Sharma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Internal medicine and GI Radiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Pitek AS, Hu H, Shukla S, Steinmetz NF. Cancer Theranostic Applications of Albumin-Coated Tobacco Mosaic Virus Nanoparticles. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:39468-39477. [PMID: 30403330 PMCID: PMC6485250 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology holds great promise in cancer drug delivery, and of particular interest are theranostic approaches in which drug delivery and imaging are integrated. In this work, we studied and developed the plant virus tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) as a platform nanotechnology for drug delivery and imaging. Specifically, a serum albumin (SA)-coated TMV formulation was produced. The SA coating fulfils two functions: SA provides a stealth coating for enhanced biocompatibility; it also acts as a targeting ligand enabling efficient tumor accumulation of SA-TMV versus TMV in mouse models of breast and prostate cancer. We demonstrate drug delivery of the chemotherapy doxorubicin (DOX); TMV-delivered DOX outperformed free DOX, resulting in significant delayed tumor growth and increased survival. Furthermore, we demonstrated the ability of SA-coated TMV loaded with chelated Gd(DOTA) for magnetic resonance imaging detection of tumors. In the future, we envision the application of such probes as theranostic, where first imaging is performed to assess whether the nanoparticles are effective at targeting a particular patient tumor. If targeting is confirmed, the therapeutic would be added and treatment can begin. The combination of imaging and therapy would allow to monitor disease progression and therefore inform about the effectiveness of the drug delivery approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. S. Pitek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - H. Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Department of NanoEngineering, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - S. Shukla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Department of NanoEngineering, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - N. F. Steinmetz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Department of NanoEngineering, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, United States
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Deming R, Ford MM, Moore MS, Lim S, Perumalswami P, Weiss J, Wyatt B, Shukla S, Litwin A, Reynoso S, Laraque F. Evaluation of a hepatitis C clinical care coordination programme's effect on treatment initiation and cure: A surveillance-based propensity score matching approach. J Viral Hepat 2018; 25:1236-1243. [PMID: 29757491 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C (HCV) is a viral infection that if left untreated can severely damage the liver. Project INSPIRE was a 3 year HCV care coordination programme in New York City (NYC) that aimed to address barriers to treatment initiation and cure by providing patients with supportive services and health promotion. We examined whether enrolment in Project INSPIRE was associated with differences in HCV treatment and cure compared with a demographically similar group not enrolled in the programme. INSPIRE participants in 2015 were matched with a cohort of HCV-infected persons identified in the NYC surveillance registry, using full optimal matching on propensity scores and stratified by INSPIRE enrolment status. Conditional logistic regression was used to assess group differences in the two treatment outcomes. Two follow-up sensitivity analyses using individual pair-matched sets and the full unadjusted cohort were also conducted. Treatment was initiated by 72% (790/1130) of INSPIRE participants and 36% (11 960/32 819) of study-eligible controls. Among initiators, 65% (514/790) of INSPIRE participants compared with 47% (5641/11 960) of controls achieved cure. In the matched analysis, enrolment in INSPIRE increased the odds of treatment initiation (OR: 5.25, 95% CI: 4.47-6.17) and cure (OR: 2.52, 95% CI: 2.00-3.16). Results from the sensitivity analyses showed agreement with the results from the full optimal match. Participation in the HCV care coordination programme significantly increased the probability of treatment initiation and cure, demonstrating that care coordination for HCV-infected individuals improves treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Deming
- New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Long Island City, NY, USA
| | - M M Ford
- New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Long Island City, NY, USA
| | - M S Moore
- New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Long Island City, NY, USA
| | - S Lim
- New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Long Island City, NY, USA
| | - P Perumalswami
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Weiss
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - B Wyatt
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Shukla
- Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - A Litwin
- Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - S Reynoso
- Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - F Laraque
- New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Long Island City, NY, USA
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Husain I, Sagar P, Shukla S, Babu S, Singhai A, Sankhwar SN, Husain N. The Significance of ERG and Androgen Receptor Expression in Adenocarcinoma Prostate. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2018; 16:277-280. [PMID: 31729338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Fusions of transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2) with erythroblast transformation specific transcription factors have been found in prostate cancer. The v-etserythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homologue (ERG) is a proto-oncogene of the erythroblast transformation specific transcription factor family. TMPRSS2-ERG fusion is the most common molecular alteration present in about 50% of prostatic adenocarcinomas. Androgen receptor (AR) plays a key role in prostate development and is involved in the progression of prostate cancer. Objective To evaluate the significance of combined ERG and AR expression in cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Method The study was conducted at Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Formalin fixed-paraffin embedded archival prostatic tissue specimens were obtained. A total of 10 cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma were included in the study. Immunohistochemistry for Androgen receptor was done by the standard protocol. Multiplex immunohistochemical staining was done for ERG+CK5 using a primary antibody cocktail of mouse and rabbit antibodies. Result Specific AR immunostaining was exclusively nuclear and was present in all 10 cases in varying intensity. Specific ERG immunostaining was nuclear and was present in seven cases (70%) and absent in three cases (30%). The three cases that were negative for ERG had a Gleason score of ≤ 6 and the AR staining was strong and present in about 90% of the cells. Gleason score was directly related to the ERG staining while AR staining was inversely related to the ERG staining. Conclusion The prognostic value of combined ERG and AR over-expression, its associated genes should be further investigated as potential therapeutic targets in prostate cancer progression. Preliminary data is being presented. Larger prospective studies with survival analysis are essential for prognostic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Husain
- Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
| | | | - S Shukla
- Dr. Ram Manohar lohia, Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
| | - S Babu
- King George's Medical University, Lucknow
| | - A Singhai
- King George's Medical University, Lucknow
| | | | - N Husain
- Dr. Ram Manohar lohia, Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
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Jain D, Guleria P, Husain N, Shukla S, Kumar S, Parshad R. P1.14-13 PD-L1 Immuno-Expression Assay in Thymomas: A Study from India. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Kumar M, Nagarajan S, Murugkar HV, Saikia B, Singh B, Mishra A, Tripathi SK, Agarwal S, Shukla S, Kulkarni DD, Singh VP, Tosh C. Emergence of novel reassortant H6N2 avian influenza viruses in ducks in India. Infection, Genetics and Evolution 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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Sharma A, Shukla S, Kiran B, Michail S, Agashe M. Can the Pirani Score Predict the Number of Casts and the Need for Tenotomy in the Management of Clubfoot by the Ponseti Method? Malays Orthop J 2018; 12:26-30. [PMID: 29725509 PMCID: PMC5920255 DOI: 10.5704/moj.1803.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: We assessed the role of the Pirani score in determining the number of casts and its ability to suggest requirement for tenotomy in the management of clubfoot by the Ponseti method. Materials and Methods: Prospective analysis of 66 (110 feet) cases of idiopathic clubfoot up to one year of age was done. Exclusion criteria included children more than one year of age at the start of treatment, non-idiopathic cases and previously treated or operated cases. Results: The initial Pirani score was (5.5±0.7) for the tenotomy group and the initial Pirani score was (3.3±1.6) for the non-tenotomy group. There was a significant difference between the initial Pirani score for the tenotomy and the non-tenotomy group with t= -7.9, df= 64 p<0.0001. The tenotomy group had a significantly higher number of casts (four to seven) compared to non-tenotomy group (two to five) t=-10.4, df=64, p<0.0001. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was significant and confirmed positive correlation between the initial Pirani score and the number of casts required to correct the deformity (r = 0.931, p<0.0001). Conclusion: Initial high Pirani score suggests the need for greater number of casts to achieve correction and probable need for tenotomy. The number of casts required in achieving complete correction increases with increase in the initial Pirani score. The initial high hindfoot score (2.5-3) signifies the probable need of a minor surgical intervention of percutaneous tendoachilles tenotomy. Based on the initial Pirani score, parents can be informed about the probable duration of treatment and the need for tenotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sharma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Central Railway Hospital, Mumbai, India.,Department of Orthopaedics, KJ Somaiya Medical College and Research Centre, Mumbai, India.,Department of Orthopaedics, Topiwala National Medical College, Mumbai, India.,Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Attica KAT, Kifisia, Greece
| | - S Shukla
- Department of Orthopaedics, KJ Somaiya Medical College and Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - B Kiran
- Department of Orthopaedics, Topiwala National Medical College, Mumbai, India
| | - S Michail
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Attica KAT, Kifisia, Greece
| | - M Agashe
- Department of Orthopaedics, KJ Somaiya Medical College and Research Centre, Mumbai, India
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Bhat S, Sood R, Shukla S, Khandia R, Pateriya AK, Kumar N, Singh VK, Kalaiyarasu S, Kumar M, Bhatia S. A two dose immunization with an inactivated reassortant H5N2 virus protects chickens against lethal challenge with homologous 2.3.2.1 clade and heterologous 2.2 clade highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses. Vet Microbiol 2018; 217:149-157. [PMID: 29615248 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed at generating a reassortant vaccine candidate virus with clade 2.3.2.1 Hemagglutinin (HA) and its evaluation in a challenge study for protection against homologous (2.3.2.1 clade) and heterologous (2.2 clade) highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses. Plasmid-based reverse genetics technique was used to rescue a 5 + 3 reassortant H5N2 strain containing the modified HA of H5N1 (clade 2.3.2.1), the Neuraminidase (NA) of H9N2, the Matrix (M) of H5N1 and the internal genes of A/WSN/33 H1N1. In addition, another 6 + 2 reassortant virus containing modified HA from H5N1 (clade 2.3.2.1), the NA from H9N2 and the internal genes of A/WSN/33 H1N1 was also rescued. The 5 + 3 reassortant H5N2 virus could grow to a higher titer in both MDCK cells and chicken eggs compared to the 6 + 2 reassortant H5N2 virus. The vaccine containing the inactivated 5 + 3 reassortant H5N2 virus was used in a two-dose immunization regime which protected specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens against two repeated challenges with homologous 2.3.2.1 clade and heterologous 2.2 clade HPAI H5N1 viruses. The 5 + 3 reassortant H5N2 virus based on clade 2.3.2.1 generated in this study can be effective in protecting chickens in the case of an outbreak caused by antigenically different clade 2.2 HPAI H5N1 viruses and opens the way to explore its applicability as potential vaccine candidate especially in the Asian countries reporting these clades frequently. The study also indicates that sequential immunization can broaden protection level against antigenically diverse strains of H5N1 viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushant Bhat
- ICAR- National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India; Immunology Section, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Richa Sood
- ICAR- National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shweta Shukla
- ICAR- National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Rekha Khandia
- ICAR- National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Atul Kumar Pateriya
- ICAR- National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Naveen Kumar
- ICAR- National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Vikas Kumar Singh
- ICAR- National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Semmannan Kalaiyarasu
- ICAR- National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- ICAR- National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sandeep Bhatia
- ICAR- National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
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Tewari M, Kumar S, Shukla S, Shukla HS. Analysis of wedge resection of gallbladder bed and lymphadenectomy on adequate oncologic clearance for gallbladder cancer. Indian J Cancer 2018; 53:552-557. [PMID: 28485349 DOI: 10.4103/ijc.ijc_88_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgery (R0 resection) is the mainstay of treatment of gallbladder cancer (GBC) as GBC is relatively resistant to currently known chemotherapy and radiotherapy regimens. AIM to assess if wedge resection of the gallbladder bed achieves an adequate oncological clearance in GBC (namely T1 and T2) and some T3 GBC with minimal liver infiltration. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with GBC who underwent radical cholecystectomy (en bloc cholecystectomy, wedge resection of the gallbladder fossa with a ≥2 cm rim of nonneoplastic liver tissue, and regional lymph node dissection) between October 2012 and June 2015 after obtaining informed consent. RESULTS Of thirty patients, mean age of 52 years, 5 had T1b, 13 T2, and 12 T3 GBC. R0 resection was achieved in all thirty GBC patients. Hepatic invasion was found in seven patients. The depth of hepatic invasion ranged from 0 to 9 mm. Follow-up ranged from a minimum of 12 to 43 months. Nineteen (63%) patients had N0 and 11 (37%) had N1 GBC. Total lymph node (TLND) count ranged from 1 to 12/patient with a median of 3. There was no local recurrence or systemic relapse of the disease. CONCLUSION Wedge resection of the gallbladder bed achieves an adequate oncological clearance in early GBC. TLND counts remain poor even after a thorough standard lymph node dissection for resectable GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tewari
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S Kumar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S Shukla
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - H S Shukla
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Shukla S, Méricq J, Belleville M, Hengl N, Benes N, Vankelecom I, Sanchez Marcano J. Process intensification by coupling the Joule effect with pervaporation and sweeping gas membrane distillation. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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