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Reduced-Dose Whole Brain Radiation Therapy Combined With Stereotactic Irradiation For Solitary Or Oligo Brain Metastases Aiming At Minimizing Deterioration Of Neurocognitive Function Without Compromising Intracranial Tumor Control: Preliminary Results. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Outcomes Of Radiation Therapy For Clinically Node-Positive Prostate Cancer: Surveillance Study Of The Japanese Radiation Oncology Study Group (JROSG). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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PO-0853: The effect of the smoking cessation for radiation therapy of glottis carcinoma with monitoring CO. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)00870-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Germ cell-intrinsic effects of sex chromosomes on early oocyte differentiation in mice. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008676. [PMID: 32214314 PMCID: PMC7138321 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A set of sex chromosomes is required for gametogenesis in both males and females, as represented by sex chromosome disorders causing agametic phenotypes. Although studies using model animals have investigated the functional requirement of sex chromosomes, involvement of these chromosomes in gametogenesis remains elusive. Here, we elicit a germ cell-intrinsic effect of sex chromosomes on oogenesis, using a novel culture system in which oocytes were induced from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) harboring XX, XO or XY. In the culture system, oogenesis using XO and XY ESCs was severely disturbed, with XY ESCs being more strongly affected. The culture system revealed multiple defects in the oogenesis of XO and XY ESCs, such as delayed meiotic entry and progression, and mispairing of the homologous chromosomes. Interestingly, Eif2s3y, a Y-linked gene that promotes proliferation of spermatogonia, had an inhibitory effect on oogenesis. This led us to the concept that male and female gametogenesis appear to be in mutual conflict at an early stage. This study provides a deeper understanding of oogenesis under a sex-reversal condition.
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Environmental factors for establishment of the dormant state in oocytes. Dev Growth Differ 2020; 62:150-157. [PMID: 32106340 PMCID: PMC7187221 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Guaranteeing the sustainability of gametogenesis is a fundamental issue for perpetuating the species. In the mammalian ovary, sustainability is accomplished by keeping a number of oocytes “stocked” in the dormant state. Despite the evident importance of this state, the mechanisms underlying the oocyte dormancy are not fully understood, although it is presumed that both intrinsic and extrinsic factors are involved. Here, we review environmental factors involved in the regulation of oocyte dormancy. Consideration of the environmental factors illustrates the nature of the ovarian compartment, in which primordial follicles reside. This should greatly improve our understanding of the mechanisms and also assist in reconstitution of the dormant state in culture. Accumulating knowledge on the dormant state of oocytes will contribute to a wide range of research in fields such as developmental biology, reproductive biology and regenerative medicine.
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Mechanical stress accompanied with nuclear rotation is involved in the dormant state of mouse oocytes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaav9960. [PMID: 31249869 PMCID: PMC6594774 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav9960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The most immature oocytes remain dormant in primordial follicles in the ovary, ensuring the longevity of female reproductive life. Despite its biological and clinical importance, knowledge of mechanisms regulating the dormant state remains limited. Here, we show that mechanical stress plays a key role in maintaining the dormant state of the oocytes in primordial follicles in mice. Transcriptional and histological analyses revealed that oocytes were compressed by surrounding granulosa cells with extracellular matrix. This environmental state is functionally crucial, as oocytes became activated upon loosening the structure and the dormancy was restored by additional compression with exogenous pressure. The nuclei of oocytes in primordial follicles rotated in response to the mechanical stress. Pausing the rotation triggered activation of oocytes through nuclear export of forkhead box O3 (FOXO3). These results provide insights into the mechanisms by which oocytes are kept dormant to sustain female reproductive life.
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Cellulose acetate, a new candidate feed supplement for ruminant animals: In vitro evaluations. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:10929-10938. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Plasma levels of natriuretic peptides and year-by-year blood pressure variability: a population-based study. J Hum Hypertens 2017; 31:525-529. [DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2017.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Reconstitution in vitro of the entire cycle of the mouse female germ line. Nature 2016; 539:299-303. [PMID: 27750280 DOI: 10.1038/nature20104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The female germ line undergoes a unique sequence of differentiation processes that confers totipotency to the egg. The reconstitution of these events in vitro using pluripotent stem cells is a key achievement in reproductive biology and regenerative medicine. Here we report successful reconstitution in vitro of the entire process of oogenesis from mouse pluripotent stem cells. Fully potent mature oocytes were generated in culture from embryonic stem cells and from induced pluripotent stem cells derived from both embryonic fibroblasts and adult tail tip fibroblasts. Moreover, pluripotent stem cell lines were re-derived from the eggs that were generated in vitro, thereby reconstituting the full female germline cycle in a dish. This culture system will provide a platform for elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying totipotency and the production of oocytes of other mammalian species in culture.
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Abstract
Reconstitution of female germ cell development in vitro is a key challenge in reproductive biology and medicine. We show here that female (XX) embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells in mice are induced into primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs), which, when aggregated with female gonadal somatic cells as reconstituted ovaries, undergo X-reactivation, imprint erasure, and cyst formation, and exhibit meiotic potential. Upon transplantation under mouse ovarian bursa, PGCLCs in the reconstituted ovaries mature into germinal vesicle-stage oocytes, which then contribute to fertile offspring after in vitro maturation and fertilization. Our culture system serves as a robust foundation for the investigation of key properties of female germ cells, including the acquisition of totipotency, and for the reconstitution of whole female germ cell development in vitro.
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Study on transport of negative ion plasma using dc laser photodetachment method. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2010; 81:02A704. [PMID: 20192374 DOI: 10.1063/1.3258429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Transport of negative ion containing plasma was studied in a hydrogen plasma by injecting a semiconductor laser to make an electron density perturbation by photodetachment of negative ions. Change due to laser irradiation on electron saturation current to a Langmuir probe and that on electron current extracted through an orifice biased at the anode potential were measured phase sensitively by a lock-in-amplifier. The measured transport velocity of the negative ion containing plasma was about 1.4x10(5) cm/s for both cases. The photodetachment signal measured through the orifice had given a larger ratio of negative ion density to electron density. Change in transport of negative ion containing plasma around the Langmuir probe has been also investigated by detecting photodetachment signal onto electron current extracted through an orifice.
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Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy With Full-Dose Gemcitabine for Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.1295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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PD-141 Feasibility of limited resection for peripheral small lung cancer with regard to CT image and tumor differentiation. Lung Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(05)80474-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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[Extrapleural pneumonectomy of malignant pleural mesothelioma]. KYOBU GEKA. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF THORACIC SURGERY 2004; 57:1011-5. [PMID: 15510813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed 7 patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma who underwent extrapleural pneumonectomy. Six men and a woman had a mean age of 65 years old. The postoperative mortality rate was 14% (1 death) and morbidity, 43% (3 cases). According to staging of International Mesothelioma Interest Group, 2 patients had stage I disease, 1 did stage II, 3 did stage III and 1 did stage IV. Local recurrences were found in 3 patients and metastasis in 2. In patients with local recurrences, 2 had irradiation with chemotherapy and 1, irradiation. In patients with recurrences of metastasis, 1 had chemotherapy and 1, supportive care. Seven patients with extrapleural pneumonectomy and 10 without surgery had median survivals of 16 months and 10 months, 1-year survival rates of 71% and 40% and 2-year survival rates of 57% and 0% respectively (p=0.071). Extrapleural pneumonectomy with adjuvant therapy could be effective treatment for malignant pleural mesothelioma.
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Phase III trial of high- vs. low-dose-rate interstitial radiotherapy for early mobile tongue cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001; 51:171-5. [PMID: 11516867 DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(01)01561-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Early mobile tongue cancer can be controlled with interstitial radiotherapy (ISRT). We carried out a Phase III trial to compare the treatment results of low-dose-rate (LDR) ISRT and high-dose-rate (HDR) ISRT for early mobile tongue cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS From April 1992 through October 1996, 59 patients with cancer of the early mobile tongue were registered in this Phase III study. Eight patients were excluded from the evaluation because of violations of the requirements for this study. Of 51 eligible patients, 26 patients were treated with LDR-ISRT (70 Gy/4-9 days) and 25 patients with HDR-ISRT (60 Gy/10 fractions/1 week). For the hyperfractionated HDR-ISRT, the time interval between 2 fractions was more than 6 h. RESULTS Five-year local control rates of the LDR and HDR groups were 84% and 87% respectively. Nodal metastasis occurred in 6 patients in each group. Five-year nodal control rates of the LDR and HDR groups were 77% and 76%, respectively. CONCLUSION Hyperfractionated HDR-ISRT for early mobile tongue cancer has the same local control compared with continuous LDR-ISRT. Hyperfractionated HDR-ISRT is an alternative treatment for continuous LDR-ISRT.
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[Clinical experience of new stereotactic radiotherapy system named CyberKnife]. NIHON RINSHO. JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE 2001; 59:1624-31. [PMID: 11519170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The CyberKnife is a small linear accelerator mounted on a robot. The CyberKinfe has the IPS(Image Processing System) that evaluates the patient position during the treatment. If there is any movement of the patient, the robot chases the tumor. Invasive flame to fix the patient skull is not needed. From April 1998 through July 2000, we applied the CyberKnife treatment for 136 sites in 94 patients. Sixty-seven of 136 sites were metastatic brain tumors. Progression-free rate of tumors treated with 24-27 Gy at 3 months after treatment was 89%. There was no severe adverse effects except epilation. The CyberKnife treatment was applied for tumors in the body in USA. It will be available in Japan in near future.
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Partial characterization of an enzyme fraction with protease activity which converts the spore peptidoglycan hydrolase (SleC) precursor to an active enzyme during germination of Clostridium perfringens S40 spores and analysis of a gene cluster involved in the activity. J Bacteriol 2001; 183:3742-51. [PMID: 11371539 PMCID: PMC95252 DOI: 10.1128/jb.183.12.3742-3751.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A spore cortex-lytic enzyme of Clostridium perfringens S40 which is encoded by sleC is synthesized at an early stage of sporulation as a precursor consisting of four domains. After cleavage of an N-terminal presequence and a C-terminal prosequence during spore maturation, inactive proenzyme is converted to active enzyme by processing of an N-terminal prosequence with germination-specific protease (GSP) during germination. The present study was undertaken to characterize GSP. In the presence of 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonic acid (CHAPS), a nondenaturing detergent which was needed for the stabilization of GSP, GSP activity was extracted from germinated spores. The enzyme fraction, which was purified to 668-fold by column chromatography, contained three protein components with molecular masses of 60, 57, and 52 kDa. The protease showed optimum activity at pH 5.8 to 8.5 in the presence of 0.1% CHAPS and retained activity after heat treatment at 55 degrees C for 40 min. GSP specifically cleaved the peptide bond between Val-149 and Val-150 of SleC to generate mature enzyme. Inactivation of GSP by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride and HgCl(2) indicated that the protease is a cysteine-dependent serine protease. Several pieces of evidence demonstrated that three protein components of the enzyme fraction are processed forms of products of cspA, cspB, and cspC, which are positioned in a tandem array just upstream of the 5' end of sleC. The amino acid sequences deduced from the nucleotide sequences of the csp genes showed significant similarity and showed a high degree of homology with those of the catalytic domain and the oxyanion binding region of subtilisin-like serine proteases. Immunochemical studies suggested that active GSP likely is localized with major cortex-lytic enzymes on the exterior of the cortex layer in the dormant spore, a location relevant to the pursuit of a cascade of cortex hydrolytic reactions.
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Cleavage of a C-terminal peptide is essential for heptamerization of Clostridium perfringens epsilon-toxin in the synaptosomal membrane. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:13778-83. [PMID: 11278924 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m011527200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of Clostridium perfringens epsilon-protoxin by tryptic digestion is accompanied by removal of the 13 N-terminal and 22 C-terminal amino acid residues. In this study, we examined the toxicity of four constructs: an epsilon-protoxin derivative (PD), in which a factor Xa cleavage site was generated at the C-terminal trypsin-sensitive site; PD without the 13 N-terminal residues (DeltaN-PD); PD without the 23 C-terminal residues (DeltaC-PD); and PD without either the N- or C-terminal residues (DeltaNC-PD). A mouse lethality test showed that DeltaN-PD was inactive, as is PD, whereas DeltaC-PD and DeltaNC-PD were equally active. DeltaC-PD and DeltaNC-PD, but not the other constructs formed a large SDS-resistant complex in rat synaptosomal membranes as demonstrated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. When DeltaNC-PD and DeltaC-PD, both labeled with (32)P and mixed in various ratios, were incubated with membranes, eight distinct high molecular weight bands corresponding to six heteropolymers and two homopolymers were detected on a SDS-polyacrylamide gel, indicating the active toxin forms a heptameric complex. These results indicate that C-terminal processing is responsible for activation of the toxin and that it is essential for its heptamerization within the membrane.
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Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the influence of elder age on the results of brachytherapy for early (T1-2 N0 M0) oral tongue cancer and examine the compatibility of low-dose rate (LDR) with high-dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS We analyzed 591 patients treated at Osaka University Hospital between 1967 and 1999. We compared the results of radiotherapy for 156 elderly patients (137 LDR and 19 HDR) 65 years of age or older and 435 patients (383 LDR and 52 HDR) less than 65 years of age. RESULTS HDR brachytherapy showed the same local control rate as LDR brachytherapy (81% at 3 years). Elderly patients showed a poorer local control rate (75% at 3 years) than the younger group (83% at 3 years)(p = 0.002). Multivariate analysis identified age as the only prognostic factor for local control (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS HDR brachytherapy achieved the same result as LDR brachytherapy. However, the elderly patient showed a higher rate of local recurrence after brachytherapy.
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Changes in performance status of elderly patients after radiotherapy. RADIATION MEDICINE 2001; 19:9-18. [PMID: 11305622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the feasibility of external radiation therapy for patients 80 years old and older. METHODS We analyzed changes in the performance status (PS) of 1353 patients by external radiotherapy at Osaka Teishin Hospital. In addition, factors influencing PS change and interruption of treatment were assessed in patients undergoing radical and palliative radiotherapy. RESULTS Among elderly patients aged 80 years or more (n=67), two patients showed deterioration in PS (3%), whereas 128 (10%) did so among those 79 years old or younger. The rate of treatment completion was 90% (60/67) for patients aged 80 years and over compared with 89% (1146/1286) for younger patients. Changes in PS were more frequent for palliative treatment (improvement 83/683, 12%; deterioration 77/683, 11%) than for radical treatment (improvement 12/305, 4%; deterioration 21/305, 7%) because patients with better performance status and early disease stages underwent radical treatment. For radical radiotherapy, patients with advanced disease (stages III and IV) showed more changes (improvement 4/108, 4%; deterioration 17/108, 16%) than those with early ones (stages I and II)(improvement 7/132, 5%; deterioration 3/132, 2%) (p<0.01). Better treatment results showed a higher treatment completion rate (CR 99%, PR 86%) than poor treatment results (NC 75%, PD 50%)(p<0.01). For palliative therapy, better performance status (PS 0-2) showed a better correlation with completion of treatment (403/451 or 89%) than did poor performance status (PS 3-4)(174/ 232, 75%)(p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Age is not a limiting factor for external radiation therapy. Poor performance status is a significant predisposing factor for interruption of palliative radiotherapy.
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Echinophyllins C-F, new nitrogen-containing clerodane diterpenoids from Echinodorus macrophyllus. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2000; 63:1576-1579. [PMID: 11087615 DOI: 10.1021/np000355w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Four new nitrogen-containing clerodane diterpenoids, echinophyllins C-F (1-4), were isolated from the leaves of the Brazilian medicinal plant Echinodorus macrophyllus ("Chapéu-de-couro"), and their structures and relative stereochemistry were elucidated from their spectroscopic data. Compounds 1-4 possess an alpha,beta-unsaturated gamma-lactam ring consisting of a clerodane diterpene unit and an amine moiety.
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High-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy as a monotherapy for localized prostate cancer: treatment description and preliminary results of a phase I/II clinical trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000; 48:675-81. [PMID: 11020563 DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(00)00687-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To improve results for localized prostate cancer, a prospective clinical trial of hyperfractionated Iridium-192 high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy as a monotherapy was initiated. METHODS AND MATERIALS Between May 1995 and September 1998, 22 implants were performed on 22 patients with localized prostate cancer (T1:T2:T3:T4 = 4:6:9:3) at Osaka University Hospital. Nineteen patients, who had T3-T4 tumors or pretreatment PSA >/= 20.0 ng/mL, received hormone therapy. No patient had external beam radiation. Transperineal needle implants using real-time ultrasound guidance were performed, followed by dose optimization program. Patients were irradiated twice a day, with a time interval of more than 6 h. Total dose was 48 Gy/8 fractions/5 days or 54 Gy/9 fractions/5 days. Acute toxicity was scored using the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) radiation morbidity scoring criteria. Median follow-up time was 31 months. RESULTS HDR brachytherapy as a monotherapy was well-tolerated. No significant intra- or peri-operative complications occurred. No patient experienced acute toxicity of grade 3 or more. PSA levels normalized in 95% of patients within 20 months after irradiation. Four-year clinical and biochemical relapse-free rates were 95% and 55%, respectively. CONCLUSION Acute toxicity with this method was acceptable. Further patient accrual and longer follow-up will allow comparison to other techniques.
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The N-terminal prepeptide is required for the production of spore cortex-lytic enzyme from its inactive precursor during germination of Clostridium perfringens S40 spores. Mol Microbiol 2000; 37:821-7. [PMID: 10972804 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.02047.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A spore cortex-lytic enzyme of Clostridium perfringens S40 is synthesized during sporulation as a precursor consisting of four domains. After cleavage of an N-terminal preregion and a C-terminal proregion, inactive proenzyme (termed C35) is converted to active enzyme by processing of an N-terminal prosequence with germination-specific protease (GSP) during germination. The present results demonstrated that the cleaved N-terminal prepeptide remained associated with C35. After the isolated complex was denatured and dissociated in 6 M urea solution, removal of urea regenerated a prepeptide-C35 complex which produces active enzyme when incubated with GSP. However, isolated C35 alone could not be activated by GSP. The prepeptide-C35 complex was more heat stable than active enzyme. Thus, non-covalent attachment of the prepeptide to C35 is required to assist correct folding of C35 and to stabilize its conformation, suggesting that the prepeptide functions as an intramolecular chaperone. Recombinant proteins, which have prepeptide covalently bonded to C35, were processed by GSP as well as the in vivo prepeptide-C35 complex, and the full length of the N-terminal presequence was needed to fulfil its role. Although the C-terminal prosequence is present as an independent domain which is not involved in the activation process of the enzyme, it appears that the N-terminal prosequence contributes to the regulation of enzyme activity as an inhibitor of the enzyme.
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Development of a 13-T and 40-kA Nb3Al conductor for toroidal coils of fusion reactors. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(98)00181-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Development of a 13T-46kA Nb3Sn conductor and central solenoid model coils for ITER. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(98)00236-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE We reviewed CT and MR findings in crush injuries in muscles and compared them with findings at muscle biopsy. MATERIAL AND METHODS CT and MR examinations were made of the lower extremities in 6 adult patients whose muscles were crushed in the big earthquake in Kobe, Japan, on 17 January 1995. All CT examinations were performed twice and within 60 days of the earthquake. In 5 of the 6 patients, biopsies were taken of the injured muscle after the CT and MR examinations. RESULTS At CT investigation, the images in 5 patients showed calcification in the muscles, and the crushed muscle appeared atrophic. In 3 of these 5, the degree of calcification decreased with time. At MR investigation, T1-weighted images of the crushed muscle showed isointensity in 4 of the 6 patients and high intensity in the remaining 2. T2-weighted images of the crushed muscle showed inhomogeneous high intensity in all patients. After Gd injection, all the crushed muscles were enhanced, either slightly or markedly. At muscle biopsy, in 5 of the 6 cases, the findings showed calcification in the muscle cells and the total destruction of the normal muscle structure. CONCLUSION CT and MR findings in crush injury correlated well with the findings at histopathology.
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Ct, MR imaging and muscle biopsy in severe crush injury. Acta Radiol 1997. [DOI: 10.3109/02841859709172433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Medical image transmission via communication satellite: evaluation of ultrasonographic images. RADIATION MEDICINE 1996; 14:205-9. [PMID: 8916265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
As compared with terrestrial circuits, communication satellites possess superior characteristics such as wide area coverage, broadcasting functions, high capacity, and resistance to disasters. Utilizing the narrow band channel (64 kbps) of the stationary communication satellite JCSAT1 located at an altitude of 36,000 km above the equator, we investigated satelliterelayed dynamic medical images transmitted by video signals, using hepatic ultrasonography as a model. We conclude that the "variable playing speed transmission scheme" proposed by us is effective for the transmission of dynamic images in the narrow band channel. This promises to permit diverse utilization and applications for purposes such as the transmission of other types of ultrasonic images as well as remotely directed medical diagnosis and treatment.
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[Medical image transmission via communication satellite: evaluation of bone scintigraphy]. KAKU IGAKU. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE 1995; 32:1073-8. [PMID: 8523829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
As compared with terrestrial circuits, the communication satellite possesses superior characteristics such as wide area coverage, broadcasting, high capacity, and robustness to disasters. Utilizing the narrow band channel (64 kbps) of the geostationary satellite JCSAT1 located at the altitude of 36,000 km above the equator, the authors investigated satellite-relayed medical images by video signals, with bone scintigraphy as a model. Each bone scintigraphy was taken by a handy-video camera, digitalized and transmitted from faculty of technology located at 25 kilometers apart from our department. Clear bone scintigraphy was obtained via satellite, as seen on the view box. Eight nuclear physicians evaluated 20 cases of bone scintigraphy. ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) analysis was performed between the scintigraphies on view box and via satellite by the rating method. The area under the ROC curve was 91.6 +/- 2.6% via satellite, and 93.2 +/- 2.4% on the view box and there was no significant difference between them. These results suggest that the satellite communication is very useful and effective system to send nuclear imagings to distant institutes.
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Structures of metal complexes derived from the tetraazathiapentalene derivative. Acta Crystallogr A 1993. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767378093708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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ITER conceptual design and development progress at JAERI. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0920-3796(93)90022-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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[Anti-C100-3 antibody titration using 4-parameter logistic curve (results in its application to hepatitis C cases treated with interferon]. RINSHO BYORI. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY 1992; 40:627-33. [PMID: 1513034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated titers of C100-3 antibody by ELISA using a 4-parameter logistic fitting curve and examined the transition of the values in the cases of interferon treatment. The 4-parameter logistic fitting curve produced a standard curve in a wider range using a micro plate reader than the logarithmic curve. The values of C100-3 antibody during and after the treatments of interferon were changed in parallel with the alterations of ALT. The anti-C100-3 antibody titers assayed in the complete or partial responders were significantly reduced at the end of interferon therapy. These findings suggest the clinical usefulness of the evaluation of anti C100-3 antibody titers.
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[Oral health condition of the population in special elderly nursing home]. SHIGAKU = ODONTOLOGY; JOURNAL OF NIHON DENTAL COLLEGE 1989; 77:1416-22. [PMID: 2535150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
With the objective of making clear the oral health condition of chronic disable elderlies and thereby obtaining information for oral hygiene education and dental treatment, 77 elderlies in a special elderly nursing home attached to a private general hospital in Niigata Prefecture were studied by an interview/questionnaire method and dental examination. The following results were obtained. (1) Their mean age was 82.0 years. The major causes of chronic disability were diseases of the cerebral blood vessel and these diseases accounted for 54.5% of all diseases. The mean period of their chronic disability was 9 years. (2) 49.4% (38 persons) of them was edentulous, and 47.9% (18 persons) of them was using complete denture. (3) The average number of present teeth was 4.6 in all persons, while it was 9.0 in dentulous persons, and 3.3 of which were residual roots. (4) Salivary occult blood reaction test was positive in 87.2% in the dentulous persons and 34.2% in edentulous persons. (5) Simplified culture test using STOMASTAT was negative in 48.4% and positive in 51.6% of persons using a denture. (6) The above results indicated that dental diseases of chronic disable elderlies are not treated appropriately. This study revealed importance of dental examination, oral hygiene education and initial treatment in middle-aged and older persons.
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Design and experimental investigation of the ability of large superconducting magnets to operate under nuclear heating. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0920-3796(89)90024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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36
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[Clinical study on the power spectral analysis of the masseter muscle electromyogram from surface electrodes]. SHIGAKU = ODONTOLOGY; JOURNAL OF NIHON DENTAL COLLEGE 1988; 76:314-23. [PMID: 3272376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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37
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[Studies on light scattering phenomena in lens opacification. (3) Behavior of light scattering patterns in the process of lens opacification of cultured rabbit lens]. NIPPON GANKA GAKKAI ZASSHI 1982; 86:1321-1325. [PMID: 7158575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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38
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Choroidal osteoma: two cases in Japanese women. ANNALS OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 1981; 13:1053-6. [PMID: 7340656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Two cases of choroidal osteoma in otherwise healthy Japanese women are presented; the first case resembled a macular degeneration with subretinal neovascularization, the other, a diffuse amelanotic choroidal melanoma. With advanced ancillary diagnostic methods and changing concepts of prognosis and treatment of choroidal melanoma, a small atypical or doubtful choroidal melanoma should be studied carefully before hasty enucleation.
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[Remarkable increase of thrombocytes in hemorrhagic thrombocythemia]. NIHON RINSHO. JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE 1981; 39:226-30. [PMID: 7197308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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