1
|
Yombo DJ, Ghandikota S, Vemulapalli CP, Singh P, Jegga AG, Hardie WD, Madala SK. SEMA3B inhibits TGFβ-induced extracellular matrix protein production and its reduced levels are associated with a decline in lung function in IPF. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38646784 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00681.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is marked by the activation of fibroblasts, leading to excessive production and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) within the lung parenchyma. Despite the pivotal role of ECM overexpression in IPF, potential negative regulators of ECM production in fibroblasts have yet to be identified. Semaphorin class 3B (SEMA3B), a secreted protein highly expressed in lung tissues, has established roles in axonal guidance and tumor suppression. However, the role of SEMA3B in ECM production by fibroblasts in the pathogenesis of IPF remains unexplored. Here, we show the downregulation of SEMA3B and its cognate binding receptor, neuropilin 1 (NRP1) in IPF lungs compared with healthy controls. Notably, the reduced expression of SEMA3B and NRP1 is associated with a decline in lung function in IPF. The downregulation of SEMA3B and NRP1 transcripts was validated in the lung tissues of patients with IPF, and two alternative mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis. In addition, we show that TGFβ functions as a negative regulator of SEMA3B and NRP1 expression in lung fibroblasts. Furthermore, we demonstrate the anti-fibrotic effects of SEMA3B against TGFβ-induced ECM production in IPF lung fibroblasts. Overall, our findings uncovered a novel role of SEMA3B in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis and provided novel insights into modulating the SEMA3B-NRP1 axis to attenuate pulmonary fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Jk Yombo
- Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Sudhir Ghandikota
- Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, United States
| | | | | | - Anil G Jegga
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - William D Hardie
- Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Sathish K Madala
- University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khandelwal P, Lounder DT, Bartlett A, Haberman Y, Jegga AG, Ghandikota S, Koo J, Luebbering N, Leino D, Abdullah S, Loveless M, Minar P, Lake K, Litts B, Karns R, Nelson AS, Denson LA, Davies SM. Transcriptome analysis in acute gastrointestinal graft-versus host disease reveals a unique signature in children and shared biology with pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. Haematologica 2023. [PMID: 36727399 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2022.282035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We performed transcriptomic analyses on freshly frozen (n=21) and paraffin embedded (n=35) gastrointestinal (GI)biopsies from children with and without acute GI graft versus host disease (GVHD) to study differential gene expressions. We identified 164 significant genes, 141 upregulated and 23 downregulated, in acute GVHD from freshy frozen biopsies. CHI3L1 was the top differentially expressed gene in acute GVHD, involved in macrophage recruitment and bacterial adhesion. Mitochondrial genes were among the top downregulated genes. Immune deconvolution identified a macrophage cellular signature. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis showed enrichment of genes in the ERK1/2 cascade. Transcriptome data from 206 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients were included to uncover genes and pathways shared between GVHD and UC. Comparison with the UC transcriptome showed both shared and distinct pathways. Both UC and GVHD transcriptomes shared an innate antimicrobial signature and FCγ1RA/CD64 was upregulated in both acute GVHD (log fold increase 1.7, p=0.001) and UC. Upregulation of the ERK1/2 cascade pathway was specific to GVHD. We performed additional experiments to confirm transcriptomics. Firstly, we examined phosphorylation of ERK (pERK) by immunohistochemistry on GI biopsies (acute GVHD n=10, no GVHD n=10). pERK staining was increased in acute GVHD biopsies compared to biopsies without acute GVHD (p= 0.001). Secondly, plasma CD64, measured by ELISA (n=85) was elevated in acute GI GVHD (p.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Khandelwal
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229.
| | - Dana T Lounder
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229
| | - Allison Bartlett
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229
| | - Yael Haberman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229; Division of Gastroenterology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229; Sheba Medical Center, Hashomer, affiliated with the Aviv University, Israel 52620
| | - Anil G Jegga
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229; Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - Sudhir Ghandikota
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229; Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - Jane Koo
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229
| | - Nathan Luebbering
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229
| | - Daniel Leino
- Department of Pathology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - Sheyar Abdullah
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229
| | - Michaela Loveless
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229
| | - Phillip Minar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229; Division of Gastroenterology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - Kelly Lake
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229
| | - Bridget Litts
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229
| | - Rebekah Karns
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229; Division of Gastroenterology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - Adam S Nelson
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229
| | - Lee A Denson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229; Division of Gastroenterology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - Stella M Davies
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kumar A, Elko E, Bruno SR, Mark ZF, Chamberlain N, Mihavics BK, Chandrasekaran R, Walzer J, Ruban M, Gold C, Lam YW, Ghandikota S, Jegga AG, Gomez JL, Janssen-Heininger YM, Anathy V. Inhibition of PDIA3 in club cells attenuates osteopontin production and lung fibrosis. Thorax 2022; 77:669-678. [PMID: 34400514 PMCID: PMC8847543 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-216882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of club cells in the pathology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is not well understood. Protein disulfide isomerase A3 (PDIA3), an endoplasmic reticulum-based redox chaperone required for the functions of various fibrosis-related proteins; however, the mechanisms of action of PDIA3 in pulmonary fibrosis are not fully elucidated. OBJECTIVES To examine the role of club cells and PDIA3 in the pathology of pulmonary fibrosis and the therapeutic potential of inhibition of PDIA3 in lung fibrosis. METHODS Role of PDIA3 and aberrant club cells in lung fibrosis was studied by analyses of human transcriptome dataset from Lung Genomics Research Consortium, other public resources, the specific deletion or inhibition of PDIA3 in club cells and blocking SPP1 downstream of PDIA3 in mice. RESULTS PDIA3 and club cell secretory protein (SCGB1A1) signatures are upregulated in IPF compared with control patients. PDIA3 or SCGB1A1 increases also correlate with a decrease in lung function in patients with IPF. The bleomycin (BLM) model of lung fibrosis showed increases in PDIA3 in SCGB1A1 cells in the lung parenchyma. Ablation of Pdia3, specifically in SCGB1A1 cells, decreases parenchymal SCGB1A1 cells along with fibrosis in mice. The administration of a PDI inhibitor LOC14 reversed the BLM-induced parenchymal SCGB1A1 cells and fibrosis in mice. Evaluation of PDIA3 partners revealed that SPP1 is a major interactor in fibrosis. Blocking SPP1 attenuated the development of lung fibrosis in mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals a new relationship with distally localised club cells, PDIA3 and SPP1 in lung fibrosis and inhibition of PDIA3 or SPP1 attenuates lung fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Evan Elko
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Sierra R Bruno
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Zoe F Mark
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Nicolas Chamberlain
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | | | - Ravishankar Chandrasekaran
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Joseph Walzer
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Mona Ruban
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Clarissa Gold
- Department of Biology & Vermont Biomedical Research Network Proteomics Facility, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Ying Wai Lam
- Department of Biology & Vermont Biomedical Research Network Proteomics Facility, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Sudhir Ghandikota
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering and Applied Science, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Anil G Jegga
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering and Applied Science, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jose L Gomez
- Internal Medicine-Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Section, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Vikas Anathy
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ghandikota S, Jegga AG. gene2gauss: A multi-view gaussian gene embedding learner for analyzing transcriptomic networks. AMIA Annu Symp Proc 2022; 2022:206-215. [PMID: 35854722 PMCID: PMC9285176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Analyzing gene co-expression networks can help in the discovery of biological processes and regulatory mechanisms underlying normal or perturbed states. Unlike standard differential analysis, network-based approaches consider the interactions between the genes involved leading to biologically relevant results. Applying such network-based methods to jointly analyze multiple transcriptomic networks representing independent disease cohorts or studies could lead to the identification of more robust gene modules or gene regulatory networks. We present gene2gauss, a novel feature learning framework that is capable of embedding genes as multivariate gaussian distributions by taking into account their long-range interaction neighborhoods across multiple transcriptomic studies. Using multiple gene co-expression networks from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, we demonstrate that these multi-dimensional gaussian features are suitable for identifying regulons of known transcription factors (TF). Using standard TF-target libraries, we demonstrate that the features from our method are highly relevant in comparison with other feature learning approaches on transcriptomic data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Ghandikota
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Anil G Jegga
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Standard transcriptomic analyses cannot fully capture the molecular mechanisms underlying disease pathophysiology and outcomes. We present a computational heterogeneous data integration and mining protocol that combines transcriptional signatures from multiple model systems, protein-protein interactions, single-cell RNA-seq markers, and phenotype-genotype associations to identify functional feature complexes. These feature modules represent a higher order multifeatured machines collectively working toward common pathophysiological goals. We apply this protocol for functional characterization of COVID-19, but it could be applied to many other diseases. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Ghandikota et al. (2021).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Ghandikota
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA,Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering, Cincinnati, OH, USA,Corresponding author
| | - Mihika Sharma
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Anil G. Jegga
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA,Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering, Cincinnati, OH, USA,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA,Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Haberman Y, Iqbal NT, Ghandikota S, Mallawaarachchi I, Tzipi Braun, Dexheimer PJ, Rahman N, Hadar R, Sadiq K, Ahmad Z, Idress R, Iqbal J, Ahmed S, Hotwani A, Umrani F, Ehsan L, Medlock G, Syed S, Moskaluk C, Ma JZ, Jegga AG, Moore SR, Ali SA, Denson LA. Mucosal Genomics Implicate Lymphocyte Activation and Lipid Metabolism in Refractory Environmental Enteric Dysfunction. Gastroenterology 2021; 160:2055-2071.e0. [PMID: 33524399 PMCID: PMC8113748 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.01.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) limits the Sustainable Development Goals of improved childhood growth and survival. We applied mucosal genomics to advance our understanding of EED. METHODS The Study of Environmental Enteropathy and Malnutrition (SEEM) followed 416 children from birth to 24 months in a rural district in Pakistan. Biomarkers were measured at 9 months and tested for association with growth at 24 months. The duodenal methylome and transcriptome were determined in 52 undernourished SEEM participants and 42 North American controls and patients with celiac disease. RESULTS After accounting for growth at study entry, circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and ferritin predicted linear growth, whereas leptin correlated with future weight gain. The EED transcriptome exhibited suppression of antioxidant, detoxification, and lipid metabolism genes, and induction of anti-microbial response, interferon, and lymphocyte activation genes. Relative to celiac disease, suppression of antioxidant and detoxification genes and induction of antimicrobial response genes were EED-specific. At the epigenetic level, EED showed hyper-methylation of epithelial metabolism and barrier function genes, and hypo-methylation of immune response and cell proliferation genes. Duodenal coexpression modules showed association between lymphocyte proliferation and epithelial metabolic genes and histologic severity, fecal energy loss, and wasting (weight-for-length/height Z < -2.0). Leptin was associated with expression of epithelial carbohydrate metabolism and stem cell renewal genes. Immune response genes were attenuated by giardia colonization. CONCLUSIONS Children with reduced circulating IGF-1 are more likely to experience stunting. Leptin and a gene signature for lymphocyte activation and dysregulated lipid metabolism are implicated in wasting, suggesting new approaches for EED refractory to nutritional intervention. ClinicalTrials.gov, Number: NCT03588013. (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03588013).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yael Haberman
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio,Department of Pediatrics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-HaShomer, affiliated with the Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Najeeha T. Iqbal
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan,Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sudhir Ghandikota
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati, Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | - Tzipi Braun
- Department of Pediatrics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-HaShomer, affiliated with the Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Phillip J. Dexheimer
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Najeeb Rahman
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rotem Hadar
- Department of Pediatrics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-HaShomer, affiliated with the Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Kamran Sadiq
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zubair Ahmad
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Romana Idress
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Junaid Iqbal
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan,Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sheraz Ahmed
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Aneeta Hotwani
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Fayyaz Umrani
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Lubaina Ehsan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Greg Medlock
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Sana Syed
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan,Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Chris Moskaluk
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Jennie Z. Ma
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Anil G. Jegga
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio,Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati, Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Sean R. Moore
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia,Sean R. Moore, MD, MS, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition, University of Virginia, 409 Lane Rd., Charlottesville, VA 22908.
| | - Syed Asad Ali
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Lee A. Denson
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Lee A Denson, MD, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, MLC 2010, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229. fax: (513) 636-558.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ghandikota S, Sharma M, Jegga AG. Secondary analysis of transcriptomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection models to characterize COVID-19. Patterns (N Y) 2021; 2:100247. [PMID: 33842903 PMCID: PMC8020120 DOI: 10.1016/j.patter.2021.100247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Standard transcriptomic analyses alone have limited power in capturing the molecular mechanisms driving disease pathophysiology and outcomes. To overcome this, unsupervised network analyses are used to identify clusters of genes that can be associated with distinct molecular mechanisms and outcomes for a disease. In this study, we developed an integrated network analysis framework that integrates transcriptional signatures from multiple model systems with protein-protein interaction data to find gene modules. Through a meta-analysis of different enriched features from these gene modules, we extract communities of highly interconnected features. These clusters of higher-order features, working as a multifeatured machine, enable collective assessment of their contribution for disease or phenotype characterization. We show the utility of this workflow using transcriptomics data from three different models of SARS-CoV-2 infection and identify several pathways and biological processes that could enable understanding or hypothesizing molecular signatures inducing pathophysiological changes, risks, or sequelae of COVID-19. Defined a consensus gene signature across three models of SARS-CoV-2 infection Characterized subnetworks of host proteins interacting with SARS-CoV-2 proteome Integrated a wide range of COVID-19 and related data to build functional modules Identified gene functional modules that can further the understanding of COVID-19
This study is based on the premise that combining information from multiple layers of data can result in new biologically interpretable associations in several ways. The underlying and unifying theme of this study is data integration, data mining, and meta-analysis for pattern detection that supports knowledge discovery and generation of hypotheses. The methods and the workflow used are disease agnostic and can be applied to any disease or phenotype that has multiple models and heterogeneous data elements. By integrating and joint analysis of several heterogeneous data types (multiple disease models, viral-host protein interaction data, single-cell RNA-sequencing data, protein-protein interactions, and genome-wide association study data), gene functional modules are identified that can have direct bearing on furthering the understanding of COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Ghandikota
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 240 Albert Sabin Way, MLC 7024, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Mihika Sharma
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 240 Albert Sabin Way, MLC 7024, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Anil G Jegga
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 240 Albert Sabin Way, MLC 7024, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Haberman Y, Minar P, Karns R, Dexheimer PJ, Ghandikota S, Tegge S, Shapiro D, Shuler B, Venkateswaran S, Braun T, Ta A, Walters TD, Baldassano RN, Noe JD, Rosh J, Markowitz J, Dotson JL, Mack DR, Kellermayer R, Griffiths AM, Heyman MB, Baker SS, Moulton D, Patel AS, Gulati AS, Steiner SJ, LeLeiko N, Otley A, Oliva-Hemker M, Ziring D, Gokhale R, Kim S, Guthery SL, Cohen SA, Snapper S, Aronow BJ, Stephens M, Gibson G, Dillman JR, Dubinsky M, Hyams JS, Kugathasan S, Jegga AG, Denson LA. Mucosal Inflammatory and Wound Healing Gene Programs Reveal Targets for Stricturing Behavior in Pediatric Crohn's Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 15:jjaa166. [PMID: 32770196 PMCID: PMC7904088 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Ileal strictures are the major indication for resective surgery in Crohn's disease (CD). We aimed to define ileal gene programs present at diagnosis linked with future stricturing behavior during five year follow-up, and to identify potential small molecules to reverse these gene signatures. METHODS Antimicrobial serologies and pre-treatment ileal gene expression were assessed in a representative subset of 249 CD patients within the RISK multicenter pediatric CD inception cohort study, including 113 that are unique to this report. These data were used to define genes associated with stricturing behavior and for model testing to predict stricturing behavior. A bioinformatics approach to define small molecules which may reverse the stricturing gene signature was applied. RESULTS 19 of the 249 patients developed isolated B2 stricturing behavior during follow-up, while 218 remained B1 inflammatory. Using deeper RNA sequencing than in our prior report, we have now defined an inflammatory gene signature including an oncostatin M co-expression signature, tightly associated with extra-cellular matrix (ECM) gene expression in those who developed stricturing complications. We further computationally prioritize small molecules targeting macrophage and fibroblast activation and angiogenesis which may reverse the stricturing gene signature. A model containing ASCA and CBir1 serologies and a refined eight ECM gene set was significantly associated with stricturing development by year five after diagnosis (AUC (95th CI) = 0.82 (0.7-0.94)). CONCLUSION An ileal gene program for macrophage and fibroblast activation is linked to stricturing complications in treatment naïve pediatric CD, and may inform novel small molecule therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yael Haberman
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-HaShomer, affiliated with the Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Phillip Minar
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Rebekah Karns
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Phillip J Dexheimer
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sudhir Ghandikota
- Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Samuel Tegge
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Daniel Shapiro
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Brianne Shuler
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Tzipi Braun
- Department of Pediatrics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-HaShomer, affiliated with the Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Allison Ta
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Thomas D Walters
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert N Baldassano
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joshua D Noe
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Joel Rosh
- Department of Pediatrics, Goryeb Children’s Hospital/Atlantic Health, Morristown, NJ, USA
| | - James Markowitz
- Department of Pediatrics, Cohen Children’s Medical Center of New York, New Hyde Park, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer L Dotson
- Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - David R Mack
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Richard Kellermayer
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College School of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anne M Griffiths
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Melvin B Heyman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Susan S Baker
- Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Dedrick Moulton
- Department of Pediatrics, Monroe Carell Jr Children’s Hospital, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ashish S Patel
- Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ajay S Gulati
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Steven J Steiner
- Department of Pediatrics, Riley Children’s Hospital, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Neal LeLeiko
- Department of Pediatrics, Hasbro Children’s Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Anthony Otley
- Department of Pediatrics, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | | | - David Ziring
- Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ranjana Gokhale
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago Comer Children’s Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sandra Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stephen L Guthery
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah and Intermountain Primary Children’s Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Stanley A Cohen
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Center for Digestive Health Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Scott Snapper
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital ‐ Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce J Aronow
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Greg Gibson
- Center for for Integrative Genomics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jonathan R Dillman
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Marla Dubinsky
- Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai Hospital New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Hyams
- Department of Pediatrics, Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| | | | - Anil G Jegga
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lee A Denson
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kasam RK, Ghandikota S, Soundararajan D, Reddy GB, Huang SK, Jegga AG, Madala SK. Inhibition of Aurora Kinase B attenuates fibroblast activation and pulmonary fibrosis. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e12131. [PMID: 32761869 PMCID: PMC7507328 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202012131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast activation including proliferation, survival, and ECM production is central to initiation and maintenance of fibrotic lesions in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, druggable molecules that target fibroblast activation remain limited. In this study, we show that multiple pro‐fibrotic growth factors, including TGFα, CTGF, and IGF1, increase aurora kinase B (AURKB) expression and activity in fibroblasts. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) is a key transcription factor that mediates TGFα‐driven AURKB upregulation in fibroblasts. Importantly, we found that inhibition of AURKB expression or activity is sufficient to attenuate fibroblast activation. We show that fibrosis induced by TGFα is highly dependent on AURKB expression and treating TGFα mice with barasertib, an AURKB inhibitor, reverses fibroblast activation, and pulmonary fibrosis. Barasertib similarly attenuated fibrosis in the bleomycin model of pulmonary fibrosis. Together, our preclinical studies provide important proof‐of‐concept that demonstrate barasertib as a possible intervention therapy for IPF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh K Kasam
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sudhir Ghandikota
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Geereddy B Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Steven K Huang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Anil G Jegga
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Satish K Madala
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen S, Ghandikota S, Gautam Y, Mersha TB. AllergyGenDB: A literature and functional annotation-based omics database for allergic diseases. Allergy 2020; 75:1789-1793. [PMID: 32034783 DOI: 10.1111/all.14219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Chen
- Division of Asthma Research Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati OH USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH USA
| | - Sudhir Ghandikota
- Division of Asthma Research Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati OH USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH USA
| | - Yadu Gautam
- Division of Asthma Research Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati OH USA
| | - Tesfaye B. Mersha
- Division of Asthma Research Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati OH USA
- Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, Cincinnati OH USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gautam Y, Afanador Y, Ghandikota S, Mersha TB. Correction to: Comprehensive functional annotation of susceptibility variants associated with asthma. Hum Genet 2020; 139:1055. [PMID: 32367403 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-020-02173-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In the original article published, the "p" value in the Fig. 5 legend is incorrectly presented as *p < 0.50. The correct p value is *p < 0.050.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yadu Gautam
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 7037, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3026, USA
| | - Yashira Afanador
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 7037, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3026, USA
| | - Sudhir Ghandikota
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 7037, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3026, USA.,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Tesfaye B Mersha
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 7037, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3026, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Admixed populations arise when two or more previously isolated populations interbreed. A powerful approach to addressing the genetic complexity in admixed populations is to infer ancestry. Ancestry inference including the proportion of an individual's genome coming from each population and its ancestral origin along the chromosome of an admixed population requires the use of ancestry informative markers (AIMs) from reference ancestral populations. AIMs exhibit substantial differences in allele frequency between ancestral populations. Given the huge amount of human genetic variation data available from diverse populations, a computationally feasible and cost-effective approach is becoming increasingly important to extract or filter AIMs with the maximum information content for ancestry inference, admixture mapping, forensic applications, and detecting genomic regions that have been under recent selection. RESULTS To address this gap, we present MI-MAAP, an easy-to-use web-based bioinformatics tool designed to prioritize informative markers for multi-ancestry admixed populations by utilizing feature selection methods and multiple genomics resources including 1000 Genomes Project and Human Genome Diversity Project. Specifically, this tool implements a novel allele frequency-based feature selection algorithm, Lancaster Estimator of Independence (LEI), as well as other genotype-based methods such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest (RF). We demonstrated that MI-MAAP is a useful tool in prioritizing informative markers and accurately classifying ancestral populations. LEI is an efficient feature selection strategy to retrieve ancestry informative variants with different allele frequency/selection pressure among (or between) ancestries without requiring computationally expensive individual-level genotype data. CONCLUSIONS MI-MAAP has a user-friendly interface which provides researchers an easy and fast way to filter and identify AIMs. MI-MAAP can be accessed at https://research.cchmc.org/mershalab/MI-MAAP/login/.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 7037, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026 USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
| | - Sudhir Ghandikota
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 7037, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026 USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
| | - Yadu Gautam
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 7037, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026 USA
| | - Tesfaye B. Mersha
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 7037, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026 USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang Y, Yella JK, Ghandikota S, Cherukuri TC, Ediga HH, Madala SK, Jegga AG. Pan-transcriptome-based candidate therapeutic discovery for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2020; 14:1753466620971143. [PMID: 33167785 PMCID: PMC7659024 DOI: 10.1177/1753466620971143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are two US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs, pirfenidone and nintedanib, for treatment of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, neither of these drugs provide a cure. In addition, both are associated with several drug-related adverse events. Hence, the pursuit for newer IPF therapeutics continues. Recent studies show that joint analysis of systems-biology-level information with drug-disease connectivity are effective in discovery of biologically relevant candidate therapeutics. METHODS Publicly available gene expression signatures from patients with IPF were used to query a large-scale perturbagen signature library to discover compounds that can potentially reverse dysregulated gene expression in IPF. Two methods were used to calculate IPF-compound connectivity: gene expression-based connectivity and feature-based connectivity. Identified compounds were further prioritized if their shared mechanism(s) of action were IPF-related. RESULTS We found 77 compounds as potential candidate therapeutics for IPF. Of these, 39 compounds are either FDA-approved for other diseases or are currently in phase II/III clinical trials suggesting their repurposing potential for IPF. Among these compounds are multiple receptor kinase inhibitors (e.g. nintedanib, currently approved for IPF, and sunitinib), aurora kinase inhibitor (barasertib), epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (erlotinib, gefitinib), calcium channel blocker (verapamil), phosphodiesterase inhibitors (roflumilast, sildenafil), PPAR agonists (pioglitazone), histone deacetylase inhibitors (entinostat), and opioid receptor antagonists (nalbuphine). As a proof of concept, we performed in vitro validations with verapamil using lung fibroblasts from IPF and show its potential benefits in pulmonary fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS As about half of the candidates discovered in this study are either FDA-approved or are currently in clinical trials for other diseases, rapid translation of these compounds as potential IPF therapeutics is possible. Further, the integrative connectivity analysis framework in this study can be adapted in early phase drug discovery for other common and rare diseases with transcriptomic profiles.The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunguan Wang
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jaswanth K. Yella
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sudhir Ghandikota
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tejaswini C. Cherukuri
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Harshavardhana H. Ediga
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Satish K. Madala
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Anil G. Jegga
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 240 Albert Sabin Way, MLC 7024, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ghandikota S, Hershey GKK, Mersha TB. GENEASE: real time bioinformatics tool for multi-omics and disease ontology exploration, analysis and visualization. Bioinformatics 2019; 34:3160-3168. [PMID: 29590301 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bty182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation Advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies have made it possible to generate multiple omics data at an unprecedented rate and scale. The accumulation of these omics data far outpaces the rate at which biologists can mine and generate new hypothesis to test experimentally. There is an urgent need to develop a myriad of powerful tools to efficiently and effectively search and filter these resources to address specific post-GWAS functional genomics questions. However, to date, these resources are scattered across several databases and often lack a unified portal for data annotation and analytics. In addition, existing tools to analyze and visualize these databases are highly fragmented, resulting researchers to access multiple applications and manual interventions for each gene or variant in an ad hoc fashion until all the questions are answered. Results In this study, we present GENEASE, a web-based one-stop bioinformatics tool designed to not only query and explore multi-omics and phenotype databases (e.g. GTEx, ClinVar, dbGaP, GWAS Catalog, ENCODE, Roadmap Epigenomics, KEGG, Reactome, Gene and Phenotype Ontology) in a single web interface but also to perform seamless post genome-wide association downstream functional and overlap analysis for non-coding regulatory variants. GENEASE accesses over 50 different databases in public domain including model organism-specific databases to facilitate gene/variant and disease exploration, enrichment and overlap analysis in real time. It is a user-friendly tool with point-and-click interface containing links for support information including user manual and examples. Availability and implementation GENEASE can be accessed freely at http://research.cchmc.org/mershalab/GENEASE/login.html. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Ghandikota
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Gurjit K Khurana Hershey
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tesfaye B Mersha
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gautam Y, Ghandikota S, Chen S, Mersha TB. PAMAM: Power analysis in multiancestry admixture mapping. Genet Epidemiol 2019; 43:831-843. [PMID: 31241221 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.22216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Admixed populations arise when two or more previously isolated populations interbreed. Admixture mapping (AM) methods are used for tracing the ancestral origin of disease-susceptibility genetic loci in the admixed population such as African American and Latinos. AM is different from genome-wide association studies in that ancestry rather than genotypes are tracked in the association process. The power and sample size of AM primarily depend on proportion of admixture and differences in the risk allele frequencies among the ancestral populations. Ensuring sufficient power to detect the effect of ancestry on disease susceptibility is critical for interpretability and reliability of studies using AM approach. However, there is no power and sample size analysis tool existing for AM studies in admixed population. In this study, we developed power analysis of multiancestry AM (PAMAM) to estimate power and sample size for two-way and three-way population admixtures. PAMAM is the first web-based bioinformatics tool developed to calculate power and sample size in admixed population under a variety of genetic and disease phenotype models. It is a valuable resource for investigators to design a cost-efficient study and develop grant application to pursue AM studies. PAMAM is built on JavaScript back-end with HTML front-end. It is accessible through any modern web browser such as Firefox, Internet Explorer, and Google Chrome regardless of operating system. It is a user-friendly tool containing links for support information including user manual and examples, and freely available at https://research.cchmc.org/mershalab/PAMAM/login.html.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yadu Gautam
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Sudhir Ghandikota
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Siqi Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Tesfaye B Mersha
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|