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Barrett JS, Goyal RK, Gobburu J, Baran S, Varshney J. An AI Approach to Generating MIDD Assets Across the Drug Development Continuum. AAPS J 2023; 25:70. [PMID: 37430126 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-023-00838-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Model-informed drug development involves developing and applying exposure-based, biological, and statistical models derived from preclinical and clinical data sources to inform drug development and decision-making. Discrete models are generated from individual experiments resulting in a single model expression that is utilized to inform a single stage-gate decision. Other model types provide a more holistic view of disease biology and potentially disease progression depending on the appropriateness of the underlying data sources for that purpose. Despite this awareness, most data integration and model development approaches are still reliant on internal (within company) data stores and traditional structural model types. An AI/ML-based MIDD approach relies on more diverse data and is informed by past successes and failures including data outside a host company (external data sources) that may enhance predictive value and enhance data generated by the sponsor to reflect more informed and timely experimentation. The AI/ML methodology also provides a complementary approach to more traditional modeling efforts that support MIDD and thus yields greater fidelity in decision-making. Early pilot studies support this assessment but will require broader adoption and regulatory support for more evidence and refinement of this paradigm. An AI/ML-based approach to MIDD has the potential to transform regulatory science and the current drug development paradigm, optimize information value, and increase candidate and eventually product confidence with respect to safety and efficacy. We highlight early experiences with this approach using the AI compute platforms as representative examples of how MIDD can be facilitated with an AI/ML approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Barrett
- Aridhia Bioinformatics, 163 Bath Street, Glasgow, Scotland, G2 4SQ, UK.
| | - Rahul K Goyal
- Center for Translational Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jogarao Gobburu
- Center for Translational Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Pumas-AI, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Chua ACY, Ong JJY, Malleret B, Suwanarusk R, Kosaisavee V, Zeeman AM, Cooper CA, Tan KSW, Zhang R, Tan BH, Abas SN, Yip A, Elliot A, Joyner CJ, Cho JS, Breyer K, Baran S, Lange A, Maher SP, Nosten F, Bodenreider C, Yeung BKS, Mazier D, Galinski MR, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Le Grand R, Kocken CHM, Rénia L, Kyle DE, Diagana TT, Snounou G, Russell B, Bifani P. Robust continuous in vitro culture of the Plasmodium cynomolgi erythrocytic stages. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3635. [PMID: 31406175 PMCID: PMC6690977 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11332-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to culture pathogenic organisms substantially enhances the quest for fundamental knowledge and the development of vaccines and drugs. Thus, the elaboration of a protocol for the in vitro cultivation of the erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium falciparum revolutionized research on this important parasite. However, for P. vivax, the most widely distributed and difficult to treat malaria parasite, a strict preference for reticulocytes thwarts efforts to maintain it in vitro. Cultivation of P. cynomolgi, a macaque-infecting species phylogenetically close to P. vivax, was briefly reported in the early 1980s, but not pursued further. Here, we define the conditions under which P. cynomolgi can be adapted to long term in vitro culture to yield parasites that share many of the morphological and phenotypic features of P. vivax. We further validate the potential of this culture system for high-throughput screening to prime and accelerate anti-P. vivax drug discovery efforts. Present understanding of Plasmodium vivax biology is hampered by its inability to grow in vitro. Here, the authors developed an in vitro culture of its simian counterpart, P. cynomolgi, which shares morphological and phenotypic similarities with P. vivax, initiating a new phase in vivax research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline C Y Chua
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 138648, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.,Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, Singapore, 138670, Singapore
| | - Jessica Jie Ying Ong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.,Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, Singapore, 138670, Singapore
| | - Benoit Malleret
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 138648, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Rossarin Suwanarusk
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 138648, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Varakorn Kosaisavee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore.,Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Anne-Marie Zeeman
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, 2288, The Netherlands
| | - Caitlin A Cooper
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, 30602, USA
| | - Kevin S W Tan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Rou Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Bee Huat Tan
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, Singapore, 138670, Singapore
| | | | - Andy Yip
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, Singapore, 138670, Singapore
| | - Anne Elliot
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, 30602, USA
| | - Chester J Joyner
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, 30322, USA.,Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, 30317, USA
| | - Jee Sun Cho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Kate Breyer
- Laboratory Animal Services, Scientific Operations, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, 07936-1080, USA
| | - Szczepan Baran
- Laboratory Animal Services, Scientific Operations, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, 07936-1080, USA
| | - Amber Lange
- Laboratory Animal Services, Scientific Operations, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, 07936-1080, USA
| | - Steven P Maher
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, 30602, USA
| | - François Nosten
- Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, 63110, Thailand.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, University of Oxford Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | | | - Bryan K S Yeung
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, Singapore, 138670, Singapore
| | - Dominique Mazier
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, F-75013, France.,CIMI-Paris, INSERM, U1135, CNRS, Paris, F-75013, France
| | - Mary R Galinski
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, 30317, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, 30322, USA
| | - Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet
- CEA-Université Paris Sud 11-INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, IBJF, DRF, Fontenay-aux-Roses, 92265, France
| | - Roger Le Grand
- CEA-Université Paris Sud 11-INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, IBJF, DRF, Fontenay-aux-Roses, 92265, France
| | - Clemens H M Kocken
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, 2288, The Netherlands
| | - Laurent Rénia
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 138648, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Dennis E Kyle
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, 30602, USA
| | - Thierry T Diagana
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, Singapore, 138670, Singapore
| | - Georges Snounou
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, F-75013, France.,CIMI-Paris, INSERM, U1135, CNRS, Paris, F-75013, France.,CEA-Université Paris Sud 11-INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, IBJF, DRF, Fontenay-aux-Roses, 92265, France
| | - Bruce Russell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Pablo Bifani
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 138648, Singapore. .,Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, Singapore, 138670, Singapore. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore. .,Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
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Guven R, Akca AH, Caltili C, Sasmaz MI, Kaykisiz EK, Baran S, Sahin L, Ari A, Eyupoglu G, Kirpat V. Comparing the interpretation of emergency department computed tomography between emergency physicians and attending radiologists: A multicenter study. Niger J Clin Pract 2018; 21:1323-1329. [PMID: 30297566 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_22_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Computed tomography (CT) interpretation in the emergency department is one of the vital issues that should be carried out rapidly and accurately. The objective of this study was to examine the interpretation accuracy of emergency physicians (EPs) regarding CT scans at the emergency department for traumatic and nontraumatic purposes. Materials and Methods The study that was carried out as a prospective, observational study was completed at four centers during 1 year. Results Accuracy ratios of CT interpretations of EP regarding cranial injuries, thoracic injuries and vertebral spine injuries are above 95% in addition to the fact that the concordance's with the final result are perfect, the concordance with the final results of the CT interpretations of EP for abdominal injuries was moderate (<0.75). Accuracy ratios of the CT interpretations of EP for nontrauma patients were above 90% for brain hemorrhage and chest injuries and that the concordance with the final results was perfect (≥0.75). The CT interpretation accuracy rates of EP for spontaneous pneumothorax and aortic aneurysm/aortic dissection cases were 100%. CT interpretation rate of EP for pulmonary embolism was 89.4%, whereas the level of concordance with the final results was moderate (<0.75). Whereas the CT interpretation accuracy rates of EP for nontraumatic abdominal injuries varied between 83.3% and 93.1%, their levels of concordance with the final results were moderate (<0.75). Conclusions The CT interpretations for abdominal traumatic patients in addition to pulmonary embolism and acute nontraumatic abdominal injuries should be carried out more carefully.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Guven
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Bitlis State Hospital, Bitlis, Turkey
| | - Ali Haydar Akca
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - C Caltili
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Health Sciences Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M I Sasmaz
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - E K Kaykisiz
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Bitlis State Hospital, Bitlis, Turkey
| | - S Baran
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Necip Fazil City Hospital, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - L Sahin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Bingöl State Hospital, Bingöl, Turkey
| | - A Ari
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Dr. Ersin Arslan Training and Research Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - G Eyupoglu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Bitlis State Hospital, Bitlis, Turkey
| | - V Kirpat
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Van Training and Research Hospital, Van, Turkey
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Baran S, Lerch S. Mixture EMOS model for calibrating ensemble forecasts of wind speed. Environmetrics 2016; 27:116-130. [PMID: 27812298 PMCID: PMC5066685 DOI: 10.1002/env.2380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ensemble model output statistics (EMOS) is a statistical tool for post-processing forecast ensembles of weather variables obtained from multiple runs of numerical weather prediction models in order to produce calibrated predictive probability density functions. The EMOS predictive probability density function is given by a parametric distribution with parameters depending on the ensemble forecasts. We propose an EMOS model for calibrating wind speed forecasts based on weighted mixtures of truncated normal (TN) and log-normal (LN) distributions where model parameters and component weights are estimated by optimizing the values of proper scoring rules over a rolling training period. The new model is tested on wind speed forecasts of the 50 member European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts ensemble, the 11 member Aire Limitée Adaptation dynamique Développement International-Hungary Ensemble Prediction System ensemble of the Hungarian Meteorological Service, and the eight-member University of Washington mesoscale ensemble, and its predictive performance is compared with that of various benchmark EMOS models based on single parametric families and combinations thereof. The results indicate improved calibration of probabilistic and accuracy of point forecasts in comparison with the raw ensemble and climatological forecasts. The mixture EMOS model significantly outperforms the TN and LN EMOS methods; moreover, it provides better calibrated forecasts than the TN-LN combination model and offers an increased flexibility while avoiding covariate selection problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Baran
- Faculty of InformaticsUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - S. Lerch
- Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical StudiesHeidelbergGermany
- Institute of StochasticsKarlsruhe Institute of TechnologyKarlsruheGermany
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Dzięciołowska-Baran E, Dąbrowski P, Gawlikowska-Sroka A, Poziomkowska-Gęsicka I, Baran S. Snoring and sleep disorders in children with hypertrophy of lymphoid tissue in the throat. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2013; 187:135-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2013.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Baran S, Kaczorowski D, Szytuła A, Gil A, Hoser A. Magnetic structures and physical properties of Tm3Cu4Ge4 and Tm3Cu4Sn4. J Phys Condens Matter 2013; 25:066012. [PMID: 23334319 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/6/066012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Tm(3)Cu(4)Ge(4) crystallizes in the orthorhombic Gd(3)Cu(4)Ge(4)-type crystal structure (space group Immm) whereas Tm(3)Cu(4)Sn(4) crystallizes in a distorted variant of this structure (monoclinic space group C2/m). The compounds were studied by means of neutron diffraction, specific heat, electrical resistivity and magnetic measurements. Analysis of experimental data revealed the presence of an antiferromagnetic order below 2.8 K in both compounds. In Tm(3)Cu(4)Ge(4) the magnetic unit cell is doubled in respect to the crystal unit cell and the magnetic structure can be described by a propagation vector k = [0, 1/2, 0]. A larger magnetic unit cell was found in Tm(3)Cu(4)Sn(4), given by a propagation vector k = [1/2, 1/2, 0] (for simplicity the orthorhombic description is used for both the germanide and the stannide). Close to 2 K, in each compound an incommensurate antiferromagnetic order develops. This low-temperature magnetic phase is characterized by a propagation vector k = [1/4, 0, k(z)], where k(z) is close to 0.49 and 0.47 in Tm(3)Cu(4)Ge(4) and Tm(3)Cu(4)Sn(4), respectively. The antiferromagnetic phase transitions are clearly seen in the bulk magnetic and specific heat data of both compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Baran
- M Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
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8
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Abstract
Objectives Occupational exposure to wood dust has been shown to cause several respiratory disorders, such as allergic rhinitis, chronic bronchitis, asthma, sino-nasal adenocarcinoma, and impairment of lung function. The aim of the study was to estimate lung function (in the woodworking industry) among workers employed by wood processing, who run the risk of being expose to wood dust. Methods The study concerns a group of 70 workers aged 24-55. All the workers underwent general and laryngological examination. A group of 20 workers, working at the positions where dustiness exceeded TLV (threshold limit value) took X-ray of the chest and spirometry. The following parameters were measured: VC, IC, ERV, TV, BF, FEV1, FVC, PEF, MEF25-75, FEV1%FVC, FEV1%VC. The data are presented as means ± SD and the authors applied references values according to ERS guidelines. Results The results show that there was no decline in FEV1 (3.7 ± 0.7) and FVC (4.5 ± 0.8). Normal lung function was defined as FEV1/VC ratio ≥0.7. None of the tested workers had obstructive pattern in spirometry. The mean FEV1%VC was 77.1 ± 10.2. These results suggest that wood dust exposure might not lead to significant pulmonary damage. Conclusions These data do not corroborate that wood dust plays significant role in lung function impairment. Future studies of respiratory health among workers exposed to wood dust are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Baran
- Faculty of Education, Sociology and Health Science, University of Zielona Gora, Gora, Poland.
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Gondek Ł, Penc B, Kaczorowski D, Baran S, Hoser A, Gerischer S, SzytuŁa A. Magnetic and thermodynamic properties of NdT2Ge2 (T=Pd, Ag) compounds. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2010.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nasal septum deformation (NSD) contributes to the occurrence of upper respiratory tract diseases in around 45-55% of Poland's population. The evaluation of frequency of occurrence and type of nasal septum deformation among randomly chosen representatives of the Szczecin and surrounding area population was the aim of this study. METHODS NSD was assessed in 235 patients (123 male, 112 female) aged 5-60. Mladina's classification system was used for the evaluation. RESULTS Deformations of nasal septum were found in 43% of the examined subjects. Type 3 of NSD dominated (12.4%), while types 2 and 1 were found in 10.3% and 4.2% of the subjects, respectively. 9.2% of the patients showed type 5 of deformation, while types 6, 4, and 7 were found in 1.3%, 3.2% and 2.7% of the patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Straight nasal septum was found in females more often than in males, mostly on the left side. Associations between NSD, on one side, and age, sex, and traumas, on the other were found. NSD influenced the quality of respiration and frequency of upper respiratory tract diseases in the examined subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Teul
- Department of Anatomy, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
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Baran S, Teul I, Ignys-O'Byrne A. Use of over-the-counter medications in prevention and treatment of upper respiratory tract infections. J Physiol Pharmacol 2008; 59 Suppl 6:135-143. [PMID: 19218637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2008] [Accepted: 09/09/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Over-the-counter (OTC) medications are a fast developing branch of the pharmaceutical industry, in both Poland and rest of the world. The aim of the work was to evaluate the factors that influence the purchase and use of OTC medications in prevention and treatment of upper respiratory tract infections. The analysis involved 450 randomly chosen subjects, aged 19-80. The study was performed using a questionnaire which included a number of questions related to the characteristics of respondents such as: health, socio-demographic data, and factors influencing the purchase of OTC medications used in respiratory tract infections. The self-medication phenomenon in upper respiratory tract infections is significant in Poland and will continue to increase with support of many demographic and socio-economic factors. Despite certain health risks resulting from the inappropriate use of OTC medications, it should continue to be offered as a part of the pharmaceutical market.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Baran
- Faculty of Education, Sociology and Health Sciences, University of Zielona Gora, Poland.
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Teul I, Baran S, Zbislawski W. Upper respiratory tract diseases in self-evaluation of health status of Polish students based on the SF-36 questionnaire. J Physiol Pharmacol 2008; 59 Suppl 6:697-707. [PMID: 19218697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2008] [Accepted: 09/20/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
People's health beliefs have remained under the influence of various factors. Our health is determined by physical and social environment, health behaviors, and lifestyle. The evaluation of frequency of upper respiratory tract diseases among Polish students was the aim of the study. Survey was conducted among 476 students of medicine and dentistry in the Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin and pedagogy students of the Zielona Góra University, Poland. SF 36 questionnaire with few additional questions concerning health and disease was used in the study. Students' participation in the research was voluntary and anonymous. More than 80% of medical students treat their upper respiratory infections by themselves. From all surveyed subjects only 48 (9.4%) of the students did not suffer from any illness during an academic year. Part of the students (39.7%) spends their leisure time in a passive way. Pedagogy students more often than medical ones spend their leisure time actively. Male medical students showed much lower values comparing to female medical students. Pedagogy students showed reversed situation. There was a high variability of general health components observed among female, but not male students. Frequent respiratory tract infections, lack of systematic physical activity, and low amount of sleep cause lower level of self evaluation in regard to health status among medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Teul
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
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Nuckley DJ, Kramer PA, Del Rosario A, Fabro N, Baran S, Ching RP. Intervertebral disc degeneration in a naturally occurring primate model: radiographic and biomechanical evidence. J Orthop Res 2008; 26:1283-8. [PMID: 18404651 DOI: 10.1002/jor.20526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Classic degenerative disc disease is a serious health problem worldwide, whose etiological basis-mechanical stimulus, biochemical changes, or natural aging-is poorly understood. Animal models are critical to the study of degenerative disc disease initiation and progression and for attempts to regulate, ameliorate, or eliminate it. The macaque represents a primate model with natural disc degeneration that might serve to advance the field; we aimed to provide radiographic (morphologic) and biomechanical evidence of natural disc degeneration in this model. A factorial study design was used to examine the relationship between the radiographic appearance of disc degeneration and its biomechanical consequences. Eighteen macaques of advanced age (22.3 +/- 0.9 years) had radiographs taken to assess the degree of thoracolumbar intervertebral disc degeneration using a standard atlas method. Each spine was harvested and dynamic biomechanical tests were performed. Advancing disc degeneration (degree of disc space narrowing and osteophytosis) was associated with increased stiffness, decreased energy absorption, and increased natural frequency of the intervertebral disc. These associations linking the dynamics of the intervertebral disc and its degree of degeneration are similar to those found in humans. Our results indicate the macaque model with morphologic and biomechanical efficacy could aid in understanding the progression of disc degeneration and in developing therapeutic strategies to prevent or inhibit its course.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Nuckley
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Box 352600, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
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Lesnikov V, Baran S, Abrams K, Zellmer S, Yang YJ, Heimfeld S, Lesnikova M, Nash R, Georges G. 312: Dog Leukocyte Antigen (DLA)-identical Sibling Cord Blood Transplantation (CBT) Following Myeloablative Total Body Irradiation (TBI). Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2007.12.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Teul I, Zbisławski W, Baran S, Czerwiński F, Lorkowski J. Quality of life of patients with diseases of sinuses. J Physiol Pharmacol 2007; 58 Suppl 5:691-697. [PMID: 18204184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Contemporary studies provide proof of coincidence between diseases of upper and lower airways ("united airways disease"; "one-airway disease"). 184 patients from Szczecin with acute (AS) and chronic sinusitis (CS), aged between 18-78 years (mean age 45.7+/-14.7) were examined. The questionnaire used (SF-36; short form, 36 questions) allowed for a comparison of the quality of life of patients with sinuses' disease with healthy subjects. Patients from the groups studied indicated more restrictions of their daily life than did the subjects from a control group (CG). Among the CS patients the mean quality of life index was 75.5, among the AS patients--60.8 and among healthy subjects--51.8. The differences between the groups were significant at P<0.001. Our study indicate that sinusitis strongly influenced functioning of patients in all eight domains of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Teul
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
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Baran S, Ignyś A, Ignyś I. Respiratory dysfunction in patients with Marfan syndrome. J Physiol Pharmacol 2007; 58 Suppl 5:37-41. [PMID: 18204113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Marfan syndrome (MS) is inherited in an autosomal dominant way. MS is characterized by a high degree of penetration and expression of the pathological gene. Fibrillin, the gene product is a protein that acts in the composing of elastic fiber. Therefore, MS syndrome is a multisystem disorder that affects connective tissue. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the frequency of occurrence of factors influencing abnormalities in respiratory tract functioning. The study encompassed 45 patients with MS syndrome ranging in age from 2 to 54. Both clinical examination and morphological measurements were performed in each case. The following anthropometrical measurements were performed: cephalometric and measurements of the chest. All measurements were standardized as mean values for healthy population. Based on the measurements recorded, the following indexes were evaluated: width/length index of the head, morphological index of the face, and index of chest flattening. The occurrence of chest deformities was also evaluated. The study indicate that several factors can result in pulmonary disease in patients with Marfan's syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Baran
- Department of Physical Education, University of Zielona Góra, Poland.
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Baran S, Teul I. Wood dust: an occupational hazard which increases the risk of respiratory disease. J Physiol Pharmacol 2007; 58 Suppl 5:43-50. [PMID: 18204114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The main source of emission of harmful dust in the work place comes from technological processes. European legislation aims to minimize the health risks from dangerous substances in the workplace. European Directives are transferred into national legislation. Such matters as risk assessment, technical measures, and exposure limits are regulated by the law. In Poland, manufacturing processes in which hardwood dust is discharged, are considered as carcinogenic. Numerous studies have shown that occupational exposure to wood dust is strongly associated with the development of cancer of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (NSC), but data regarding the development of lung cancer are conflicting and inconclusive. In the study, the exposure to inhalable wood dust was assessed among wood-workers in mid-west Poland. The assessment of occupational exposure was made on the basis of measurements of the concentration of dust in the work place. This was defined by exposure rates to dust in reference to daily work time and by comparing that to the maximum acceptable concentration values of dust defined by the regulation by the Minister of Work and Social Policy. The health assessment of workers was made on the basis of periodical medical check-ups, whose range and frequency is defined by the regulation of the Minister of Health and Social Security. The study did not show effects of wood dust exposure on the of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Baran
- Department of Physical Education, University of Zielona Góra, Poland.
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Graves SS, Hogan W, Kuhr CS, Diaconescu R, Harkey MA, Georges GE, Sale GE, Zellmer E, Baran SW, Baran S, Jochum C, Stone B, Storb R. Stable trichimerism after marrow grafting from 2 DLA-identical canine donors and nonmyeloablative conditioning. Blood 2007; 110:418-23. [PMID: 17369487 PMCID: PMC1896124 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2007-02-071282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is generally accomplished using a single donor, multiple donors have been used to enhance the speed of engraftment, particularly in the case of umbilical cord blood grafts. Here we posed the question in the canine HCT model whether stable dual-donor chimerism could be established using 2 DLA-identical donors. We identified 8 DLA-identical littermate triplets in which the marrow recipients received 2 Gy total body irradiation followed by marrow infusions from 2 donors and postgrafting immunosuppression. All 8 dogs showed initial "trichimerism," which was sustained in 5 dogs, while 2 dogs rejected one of the allografts and remained mixed chimeras, and 1 dog rejected both allografts. Immune function in one trichimeric dog, as tested by mixed leukocyte culture response and antibody response to sheep red blood cells, was found to be normal. Five dogs received kidney grafts from one of their respective marrow donors at least 6 months after HCT without immunosuppressive drugs, and grafts in 4 dogs are surviving without rejection. In summary, following nonmyeloablative conditioning, simultaneous administration of marrow grafts from 2 DLA-identical littermates could result in sustained trichimerism, and immunologic tolerance could include a kidney graft from one of the marrow donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott S Graves
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA.
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Abstract
Considerable information is available on peak growth velocity characteristics of various body dimensions but the age at minimal velocity (AMV) and the duration of the spurt are not that well documented. Authors applied the mathematical growth model of Preece and Baines (PBGM1) to six longitudinally followed somatometric traits [height, sitting height, iliospinal height (B-ic), upper limb length (a-da), biacromial diameter (a-a), and biiliocristal diameter (ic-ic)] of Japanese boys of Ogi Growth Study. Biological variables derived from the estimated parameters were studied with emphasis on duration and velocity characteristics of the adolescent spurt. Ages for measurements at peak velocities tend to be younger than previously reported non-Japanese ones. Spurt duration in limb measurements was significantly the shortest. Earlier AMV and later age at peak velocity (APV), thus the longest spurt duration, are the characteristic for transverse measurements (a-a, ic-ic). B-ic and a-da had the largest, while a-a and ic-ic had the smallest relative velocity at AMV. Another result for the transverse measurements is that the magnitudes of differences between relative minimal and peak velocities (RMV, RPV) are the largest. It is suggested that a high level of RMV results from early maturation of bones, thus leading to the shortest spurt duration in limb dimensions, while a low level of RMV results from late maturation of the bones, consequently leading to the longest spurt duration in transverse measurements. This tendency of reverse relation was present in the rest of the measurements as well. Transformation of velocity variables (minimal velocity -- MV, peak velocity -- PV) to relative ones, proved to be useful in observing the relation of spurts in measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Csukás
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8574, Japan.
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Baran S, Ware C. 83ANALYSIS OF RAPID COOLING V. SLOW COOLING COMBINED WITH ICE
CRYSTAL SEEDING FOR CRYOPRESERVATION OF PRIMATE EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS. Reprod Fertil Dev 2004. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv16n1ab83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Primate embryonic stem (ES) cells have the ability to self-renew indefinitely while maintaining the ability to differentiate. This unique property allows scientists to study the factors necessary for stem cell self-renewal and differentiation in vitro that reflect in vivo processes. Work with primate ES cells is handicapped by the poor survival (1–5%) of rhesus and human ES cells following standard tissue culture methods of rapid cryopreservation. The purpose of this study was to compare and contrast two cryopreservation techniques, slow cooling combined with ice crystal seeding commonly used for mammalian embryos v. rapid cooling commonly used for tissue culture, to find a method for efficient primate ES cell cryopreservation. A combination of trials was run to compare dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) v. ethylene glycol as a cryoprotectant, a cooling rate
of 0.3°C per minute following ice crystal seeding at −7°C v. placement at −80°C with no seeding, and rapid thaw with step-wise cryoprotectant removal v. one-step sucrose cryoprotectant removal. Cell survival was assessed through a combination of cell surface markers, alkaline phosphatase staining and morphology to look for undifferentiated cells and quantitate survival. All cryopreservations were performed with the same cell density. The survival of the cells with slow embryo-style cooling in DMSO with a step-wise cryoprotectant removal was 64.0% v. 12.8% with rapid cooling.
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Ulgen M, Baran S, Kaya H, Karadede I. The influence of the masticatory hypofunction on the craniofacial growth and development in rats. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1997; 111:189-98. [PMID: 9057619 DOI: 10.1016/s0889-5406(97)70215-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, one masticatory hypofunction group and one normal function group were comprised of growing Wistar albino rats. The influence of the masticatory hypofunction on the growth and development of the craniofacial skeleton in rats was examined. The normal function group received the diet in the form of hard pellets, but the hypofunction group was fed powdered food. To avoid growth reduction because of nutritional deficiency, the animals were fed ad libitum, diet and water. At the end of the experimental period, the 90-day-old adult animals were killed and the direct anthropometric cranial, maxillary, and mandibular measurements were made on the skulls. The significant results can be summarized as follows: Total skull length, total anterior face height, lower anterior face height, ramus mandibula height, corpus mandibula height, premaxillary length, and maxillary width have been reduced but foramen incisivum width has been increased. This study showed that there is no significant effect of the masticatory hypofunction on the cranial growth and development in the growing rats, but that masticatory hypofunction affected the growth and development of the maxillofacial skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ulgen
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Istanbul, Turkey
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Baran S, Hamamci O, Akalar M. An investigation of the effects of the local use of 1:25 dihydroxycholecalciferol (1:25 D) on tension sites during experimental tooth movement in rats. J Marmara Univ Dent Fac 1996; 2:557-61. [PMID: 9569817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the local effects of 1:25 dihydroxychole-calciferol, one of the most potent osteoclastic activity stimulants. Tests were conducted on 32 Wistar albino rats divided into 3 groups: an experimental (appliance + drug, n = 11), control (appliance only, n = 11) and a no therapy group (n = 10) which was used for purposes of interpreting histological findings in the others. A significantly higher area of unilateral apposition, relative to the control group, was observed in the experimental group local to the area of administration of the 1:25 D.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Baran
- Faculty of Dentistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Türkiye
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Abstract
The thoracic duct is closely related to the esophagus and the pleura. During an esophagogastrectomy, the thoracic duct is at risk for injury, which usually results in chylous pleural effusions. We present an uncommon situation, however, where the pleura was not violated and a large mediastinal lymph collection resulted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Lautin
- Department of Radiology, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029
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Baran S, Nuckles DB. The camera is a valuable dental tool. Dentalpractice 1981; 2:41-5. [PMID: 6938367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Baran S, Nuckles DB. Protect those irreplaceable slides. Dentalpractice 1980; 1:94-6. [PMID: 6160957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Panek R, Baran S. [Further studies on the radioprotective mode of action of anabolic steroids]. Strahlentherapie 1973; 145:443-52. [PMID: 4704368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Rogalewski R, Urban J, Baran S. [Device for the determination of serotonin]. Acta Physiol Pol 1971; 22:655-8. [PMID: 5116966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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