1
|
Wiklander OPB, Mamand DR, Mohammad DK, Zheng W, Jawad Wiklander R, Sych T, Zickler AM, Liang X, Sharma H, Lavado A, Bost J, Roudi S, Corso G, Lennaárd AJ, Abedi-Valugerdi M, Mäger I, Alici E, Sezgin E, Nordin JZ, Gupta D, Görgens A, El Andaloussi S. Antibody-displaying extracellular vesicles for targeted cancer therapy. Nat Biomed Eng 2024:10.1038/s41551-024-01214-6. [PMID: 38769158 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-024-01214-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) function as natural delivery vectors and mediators of biological signals across tissues. Here, by leveraging these functionalities, we show that EVs decorated with an antibody-binding moiety specific for the fragment crystallizable (Fc) domain can be used as a modular delivery system for targeted cancer therapy. The Fc-EVs can be decorated with different types of immunoglobulin G antibody and thus be targeted to virtually any tissue of interest. Following optimization of the engineered EVs by screening Fc-binding and EV-sorting moieties, we show the targeting of EVs to cancer cells displaying the human epidermal receptor 2 or the programmed-death ligand 1, as well as lower tumour burden and extended survival of mice with subcutaneous melanoma tumours when systemically injected with EVs displaying an antibody for the programmed-death ligand 1 and loaded with the chemotherapeutic doxorubicin. EVs with Fc-binding domains may be adapted to display other Fc-fused proteins, bispecific antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar P B Wiklander
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Unit for Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Breast Center, Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Karolinska ATMP Center, ANA Futura, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Doste R Mamand
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Unit for Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Breast Center, Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, ANA Futura, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Dara K Mohammad
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Wenyi Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Unit for Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, ANA Futura, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Rim Jawad Wiklander
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Unit for Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Taras Sych
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Antje M Zickler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Unit for Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, ANA Futura, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Xiuming Liang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Unit for Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, ANA Futura, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | | | - Jeremy Bost
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Unit for Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Samantha Roudi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Unit for Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, ANA Futura, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Giulia Corso
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Unit for Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Angus J Lennaárd
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Unit for Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Manuchehr Abedi-Valugerdi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Unit for Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Imre Mäger
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Evren Alici
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Hematology Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Joel Z Nordin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Unit for Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, ANA Futura, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine (KITM), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dhanu Gupta
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Unit for Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - André Görgens
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Unit for Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, ANA Futura, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Samir El Andaloussi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Unit for Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Karolinska ATMP Center, ANA Futura, Huddinge, Sweden.
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sych T, Schlegel J, Barriga HMG, Ojansivu M, Hanke L, Weber F, Beklem Bostancioglu R, Ezzat K, Stangl H, Plochberger B, Laurencikiene J, El Andaloussi S, Fürth D, Stevens MM, Sezgin E. High-throughput measurement of the content and properties of nano-sized bioparticles with single-particle profiler. Nat Biotechnol 2024; 42:587-590. [PMID: 37308687 PMCID: PMC11021190 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-01825-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a method, single-particle profiler, that provides single-particle information on the content and biophysical properties of thousands of particles in the size range 5-200 nm. We use our single-particle profiler to measure the messenger RNA encapsulation efficiency of lipid nanoparticles, the viral binding efficiencies of different nanobodies, and the biophysical heterogeneity of liposomes, lipoproteins, exosomes and viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taras Sych
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Jan Schlegel
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Hanna M G Barriga
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miina Ojansivu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leo Hanke
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Florian Weber
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Department Medical Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Kariem Ezzat
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Herbert Stangl
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Medical Chemistry, Vienna, Austria
| | - Birgit Plochberger
- Department Medical Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
- LBG Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, Nanoscopy, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jurga Laurencikiene
- Lipid Laboratory, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Daniel Fürth
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Menon I, Sych T, Son Y, Morizumi T, Lee J, Ernst OP, Khelashvili G, Sezgin E, Levitz J, Menon AK. A cholesterol switch controls phospholipid scrambling by G protein-coupled receptors. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105649. [PMID: 38237683 PMCID: PMC10874734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Class A G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), a superfamily of cell membrane signaling receptors, moonlight as constitutively active phospholipid scramblases. The plasma membrane of metazoan cells is replete with GPCRs yet has a strong resting trans-bilayer phospholipid asymmetry, with the signaling lipid phosphatidylserine confined to the cytoplasmic leaflet. To account for the persistence of this lipid asymmetry in the presence of GPCR scramblases, we hypothesized that GPCR-mediated lipid scrambling is regulated by cholesterol, a major constituent of the plasma membrane. We now present a technique whereby synthetic vesicles reconstituted with GPCRs can be supplemented with cholesterol to a level similar to that of the plasma membrane and show that the scramblase activity of two prototypical GPCRs, opsin and the β1-adrenergic receptor, is impaired upon cholesterol loading. Our data suggest that cholesterol acts as a switch, inhibiting scrambling above a receptor-specific threshold concentration to disable GPCR scramblases at the plasma membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indu Menon
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Taras Sych
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Yeeun Son
- Graduate program in Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School, New York, New York, USA; Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Takefumi Morizumi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Oliver P Ernst
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - George Khelashvili
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA; Institute of Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Graduate program in Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joshua Levitz
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anant K Menon
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Menon I, Sych T, Son Y, Morizumi T, Lee J, Ernst OP, Khelashvili G, Sezgin E, Levitz J, Menon AK. A cholesterol switch controls phospholipid scrambling by G protein-coupled receptors. bioRxiv 2024:2023.11.24.568580. [PMID: 38045315 PMCID: PMC10690279 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.24.568580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Class A G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), a superfamily of cell membrane signaling receptors, moonlight as constitutively active phospholipid scramblases. The plasma membrane of metazoan cells is replete with GPCRs, yet has a strong resting trans-bilayer phospholipid asymmetry, with the signaling lipid phosphatidylserine confined to the cytoplasmic leaflet. To account for the persistence of this lipid asymmetry in the presence of GPCR scramblases, we hypothesized that GPCR-mediated lipid scrambling is regulated by cholesterol, a major constituent of the plasma membrane. We now present a technique whereby synthetic vesicles reconstituted with GPCRs can be supplemented with cholesterol to a level similar to that of the plasma membrane and show that the scramblase activity of two prototypical GPCRs, opsin and the β1-adrenergic receptor, is impaired upon cholesterol loading. Our data suggest that cholesterol acts as a switch, inhibiting scrambling above a receptor-specific threshold concentration to disable GPCR scramblases at the plasma membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indu Menon
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Taras Sych
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Yeeun Son
- Graduate program in Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Takefumi Morizumi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Joon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Oliver P. Ernst
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8
| | - George Khelashvili
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Institute of Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Graduate program in Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Joshua Levitz
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Anant K. Menon
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wehrum S, Siukstaite L, Williamson DJ, Branson TR, Sych T, Madl J, Wildsmith GC, Dai W, Kempmann E, Ross JF, Thomsen M, Webb ME, Römer W, Turnbull WB. Membrane Fusion Mediated by Non-covalent Binding of Re-engineered Cholera Toxin Assemblies to Glycolipids. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:3929-3938. [PMID: 36367814 PMCID: PMC9764410 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Membrane fusion is essential for the transport of macromolecules and viruses across membranes. While glycan-binding proteins (lectins) often initiate cellular adhesion, subsequent fusion events require additional protein machinery. No mechanism for membrane fusion arising from simply a protein binding to membrane glycolipids has been described thus far. Herein, we report that a biotinylated protein derived from cholera toxin becomes a fusogenic lectin upon cross-linking with streptavidin. This novel reengineered protein brings about hemifusion and fusion of vesicles as demonstrated by mixing of fluorescently labeled lipids between vesicles as well as content mixing of liposomes filled with fluorescently labeled dextran. Exclusion of the complex at vesicle-vesicle interfaces could also be observed, indicating the formation of hemifusion diaphragms. Discovery of this fusogenic lectin complex demonstrates that new emergent properties can arise from simple changes in protein architecture and provides insights into new mechanisms of lipid-driven fusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Wehrum
- Faculty
of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany,Bioss-Centre
for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University
Freiburg, Schänzlestraße
18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lina Siukstaite
- Faculty
of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany,Bioss-Centre
for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University
Freiburg, Schänzlestraße
18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel J. Williamson
- School
of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, U.K..
| | - Thomas R. Branson
- School
of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, U.K..
| | - Taras Sych
- Faculty
of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany,Bioss-Centre
for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University
Freiburg, Schänzlestraße
18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany,Freiburg
Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technology (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany,Science
for Life Laboratory, Department of Women’s and Children’s
Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Josef Madl
- Faculty
of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany,Bioss-Centre
for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University
Freiburg, Schänzlestraße
18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany,Freiburg
Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technology (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gemma C. Wildsmith
- School
of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, U.K..
| | - Wenyue Dai
- School
of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, U.K..
| | - Erik Kempmann
- Faculty
of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany,Bioss-Centre
for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University
Freiburg, Schänzlestraße
18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - James F. Ross
- School
of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, U.K..
| | - Maren Thomsen
- School of
Biomedical Sciences and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, U.K..
| | - Michael E. Webb
- School
of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, U.K..
| | - Winfried Römer
- Faculty
of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany,Bioss-Centre
for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University
Freiburg, Schänzlestraße
18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany,Freiburg
Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technology (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany,
| | - W. Bruce Turnbull
- School
of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, U.K..,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gurdap CO, Wedemann L, Sych T, Sezgin E. Influence of the extracellular domain size on the dynamic behavior of membrane proteins. Biophys J 2022; 121:3826-3836. [PMID: 36110044 PMCID: PMC9674980 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic behavior of plasma membrane proteins mediates various cellular processes such as cellular motility, communication, and signaling. It is widely accepted that the dynamics of the membrane proteins is determined either by the interactions of the transmembrane domain with the surrounding lipids or by the interactions of the intracellular domain with cytosolic components such as cortical actin. Although initiation of different cellular signaling events at the plasma membrane has been attributed to the extracellular domain (ECD) properties recently, the impact of ECDs on the dynamic behavior of membrane proteins is rather unexplored. Here, we investigate how ECD properties influence protein dynamics in the lipid bilayer by reconstituting ECDs of different sizes or glycosylation in model membrane systems and analyzing ECD-driven protein sorting in lipid domains as well as protein mobility. Our data show that increasing the ECD mass or glycosylation leads to a decrease in ordered domain partitioning and diffusivity. Our data reconcile different mechanisms proposed for the initiation of cellular signaling by linking the ECD size of membrane proteins with their localization and diffusion dynamics in the plasma membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cenk Onur Gurdap
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Linda Wedemann
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Taras Sych
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Lipid–protein interactions in cells are involved in various biological processes, including metabolism, trafficking, signaling, host–pathogen interactions, and transmembrane transport. At the plasma membrane, lipid–protein interactions play major roles in membrane organization and function. Several membrane proteins have motifs for specific lipid binding, which modulate protein conformation and consequent function. In addition to such specific lipid–protein interactions, protein function can be regulated by the dynamic, collective behavior of lipids in membranes. Emerging analytical, biochemical, and computational technologies allow us to study the influence of specific lipid–protein interactions, as well as the collective behavior of membranes on protein function. In this article, we review the recent literature on lipid–protein interactions with a specific focus on the current state-of-the-art technologies that enable novel insights into these interactions. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biophysics, Volume 51 is May 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taras Sych
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden;,
| | - Kandice R. Levental
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden;,
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sych T, Gurdap CO, Wedemann L, Sezgin E. How Does Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation in Model Membranes Reflect Cell Membrane Heterogeneity? Membranes (Basel) 2021; 11:323. [PMID: 33925240 PMCID: PMC8146956 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11050323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although liquid-liquid phase separation of cytoplasmic or nuclear components in cells has been a major focus in cell biology, it is only recently that the principle of phase separation has been a long-standing concept and extensively studied in biomembranes. Membrane phase separation has been reconstituted in simplified model systems, and its detailed physicochemical principles, including essential phase diagrams, have been extensively explored. These model membrane systems have proven very useful to study the heterogeneity in cellular membranes, however, concerns have been raised about how reliably they can represent native membranes. In this review, we will discuss how phase-separated membrane systems can mimic cellular membranes and where they fail to reflect the native cell membrane heterogeneity. We also include a few humble suggestions on which phase-separated systems should be used for certain applications, and which interpretations should be avoided to prevent unreliable conclusions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden; (T.S.); (C.O.G.); (L.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Schneider F, Sych T, Eggeling C, Sezgin E. Influence of nanobody binding on fluorescence emission, mobility, and organization of GFP-tagged proteins. iScience 2021; 24:101891. [PMID: 33364580 PMCID: PMC7753935 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced fluorescence microscopy studies require specific and monovalent molecular labeling with bright and photostable fluorophores. This necessity led to the widespread use of fluorescently labeled nanobodies against commonly employed fluorescent proteins (FPs). However, very little is known how these nanobodies influence their target molecules. Here, we tested commercially available nanobodies and observed clear changes of the fluorescence properties, mobility and organization of green fluorescent protein (GFP) tagged proteins after labeling with the anti-GFP nanobody. Intriguingly, we did not observe any co-diffusion of fluorescently labeled nanobodies with the GFP-labeled proteins. Our results suggest significant binding of the nanobodies to a non-emissive, likely oligomerized, form of the FPs, promoting disassembly into monomeric form after binding. Our findings have significant implications on the application of nanobodies and GFP labeling for studying dynamic and quantitative protein organization in the plasma membrane of living cells using advanced imaging techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Falk Schneider
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Taras Sych
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Institute of Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Max-Wien Platz 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center of Soft Matters, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Claudinon J, Steltenkamp S, Fink M, Sych T, Verreman B, Römer W, Madec M. A Label-Free Optical Detection of Pathogens in Isopropanol as a First Step towards Real-Time Infection Prevention. Biosensors (Basel) 2020; 11:bios11010002. [PMID: 33374711 PMCID: PMC7822415 DOI: 10.3390/bios11010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The detection of pathogens is a major public health issue. Every year, thousands of people die because of nosocomial infections. It is therefore important to be able to detect possible outbreaks as early as possible, especially in the hospital environment. Various pathogen detection techniques have already been demonstrated. However, most of them require expensive and specific equipment, and/or complex protocols, which, most of the time, involve biochemical reaction and labelling steps. In this paper, a new method that combines microscopic imaging and machine learning is described. The main benefits of this approach are to be low-cost, label-free and easy to integrate in any suitable medical device, such as hand hygiene dispensers. The suitability of this pathogen detection method is validated using four bacteria, both in PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline) and in isopropanol. In particular, we demonstrated an efficient pathogenic detection that is sensible to changes in the composition of a mixture of pathogens, even in alcohol-based solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Claudinon
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (J.C.); (M.F.); (T.S.); (W.R.)
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Siegfried Steltenkamp
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;
- Ophardt Hygiene-Technik GmbH + Co. KG, 47661 Issum, Germany;
| | - Manuel Fink
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (J.C.); (M.F.); (T.S.); (W.R.)
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Taras Sych
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (J.C.); (M.F.); (T.S.); (W.R.)
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Benoît Verreman
- Ophardt Hygiene-Technik GmbH + Co. KG, 47661 Issum, Germany;
- Telecom Physique Strasbourg, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Winfried Römer
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (J.C.); (M.F.); (T.S.); (W.R.)
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Morgan Madec
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;
- Telecom Physique Strasbourg, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- ICube Laboratory (UMR 7357), CNRS, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-686779823
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Plochberger B, Sych T, Weber F, Novacek J, Axmann M, Stangl H, Sezgin E. Lipoprotein Particles Interact with Membranes and Transfer Their Cargo without Receptors. Biochemistry 2020; 59:4421-4428. [PMID: 33147967 PMCID: PMC7677925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lipid transfer from lipoprotein particles to cells is essential for lipid homeostasis. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles are mainly captured by cell membrane-associated scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1) from the bloodstream, while low-density and very-low-density lipoprotein (LDL and VLDL, respectively) particles are mostly taken up by receptor-mediated endocytosis. However, the role of the target lipid membrane itself in the transfer process has been largely neglected so far. Here, we study how lipoprotein particles (HDL, LDL, and VLDL) interact with synthetic lipid bilayers and cell-derived membranes and transfer their cargo subsequently. Employing cryo-electron microscopy, spectral imaging, and fluorescence (cross) correlation spectroscopy allowed us to observe integration of all major types of lipoprotein particles into the membrane and delivery of their cargo in a receptor-independent manner. Importantly, the biophysical properties of the target cell membranes change upon delivery of cargo. The concept of receptor-independent interaction of lipoprotein particles with membranes helps us to better understand lipoprotein particle biology and can be exploited for novel treatments of dyslipidemia diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Plochberger
- TU Wien, Institute of Applied Physics, Vienna 1040, Austria.,Johannes Kepler University Linz, Institute of Biophysics, Linz 4020, Austria.,Upper Austria University of Applied Sciences, Campus Linz, Linz 4020, Austria
| | - Taras Sych
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Florian Weber
- Upper Austria University of Applied Sciences, Campus Linz, Linz 4020, Austria.,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Jiri Novacek
- CEITEC, Masaryk University, University Campus Bohunice, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Markus Axmann
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Medical Chemistry, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Herbert Stangl
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Medical Chemistry, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden.,MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Schubert T, Sych T, Madl J, Xu M, Omidvar R, Patalag LJ, Ries A, Kettelhoit K, Brandel A, Mely Y, Steinem C, Werz DB, Thuenauer R, Römer W. Differential recognition of lipid domains by two Gb3-binding lectins. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9752. [PMID: 32546842 PMCID: PMC7297801 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66522-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The two lectins LecA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the B-subunit of Shiga toxin from Shigella dysenteriae (StxB) share the glycosphingolipid globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) as receptor. Counterintuitively, we found that LecA and StxB segregated into different domains after recognizing Gb3 at the plasma membrane of cells. We hypothesized that the orientation of the carbohydrate head group of Gb3 embedded in the lipid bilayer differentially influences LecA and StxB binding. To test this hypothesis, we reconstituted lectin-Gb3 interaction using giant unilamellar vesicles and were indeed able to rebuild LecA and StxB segregation. Both, the Gb3 fatty acyl chain structure and the local membrane environment, modulated Gb3 recognition by LecA and StxB. Specifically, StxB preferred more ordered membranes compared to LecA. Based on our findings, we propose comparing staining patterns of LecA and StxB as an alternative method to assess membrane order in cells. To verify this approach, we re-established that the apical plasma membrane of epithelial cells is more ordered than the basolateral plasma membrane. Additionally, we found that StxB recognized Gb3 at the primary cilium and the periciliary membrane, whereas LecA only bound periciliary Gb3. This suggests that the ciliary membrane is of higher order than the surrounding periciliary membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schubert
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Toolbox, BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Taras Sych
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Laboratory of Bioimaging and Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Josef Madl
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maokai Xu
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ramin Omidvar
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lukas J Patalag
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Organische Chemie, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Annika Ries
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Kettelhoit
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Organische Chemie, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Annette Brandel
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yves Mely
- Laboratory of Bioimaging and Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Claudia Steinem
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Organische Chemie, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Roland Thuenauer
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,Advanced Light and Fluorescence Microscopy Facility, Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB) and University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Winfried Römer
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sych T, Schubert T, Vauchelles R, Madl J, Omidvar R, Thuenauer R, Richert L, Mély Y, Römer W. GUV-AP: multifunctional FIJI-based tool for quantitative image analysis of Giant Unilamellar Vesicles. Bioinformatics 2020; 35:2340-2342. [PMID: 30475993 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bty962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Giant Unilamellar Vesicles (GUVs) are widely used synthetic membrane systems that mimic native membranes and cellular processes. Various fluorescence imaging techniques can be employed for their characterization. In order to guarantee a fast and unbiased analysis of imaging data, the development of automated recognition and processing steps is required. RESULTS We developed a fast and versatile Fiji-based macro for the analysis of digital microscopy images of GUVs. This macro was designed to investigate membrane dye incorporation and protein binding to membranes. Moreover, we propose a fluorescence intensity-based method to quantitatively assess protein binding. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The ImageJ distribution package FIJI is freely available online: https://imagej.net/Fiji. The macro file GUV-AP.ijm is available at https://github.com/AG-Roemer/GUV-AP. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taras Sych
- Faculty of Biology, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Laboratory of Bioimaging and Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, Illkirch, France
| | - Thomas Schubert
- Faculty of Biology, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Toolbox Imaging Platform, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Romain Vauchelles
- Laboratory of Bioimaging and Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, Illkirch, France
| | - Josef Madl
- Faculty of Biology, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Ramin Omidvar
- Faculty of Biology, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Roland Thuenauer
- Faculty of Biology, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Ludovic Richert
- Laboratory of Bioimaging and Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, Illkirch, France
| | - Yves Mély
- Laboratory of Bioimaging and Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, Illkirch, France
| | - Winfried Römer
- Faculty of Biology, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Baaken G, Zaitseva E, Petersen S, Sych T, Stefan K, Behrends JC. Array of Freestanding Planar Lipid Bilayers for Parallel Optical and Electrical Recordings. Biophys J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.11.1591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
|
15
|
Abstract
The plasma membrane represents an outstanding example of self-organization in biology. It plays a vital role in protecting the integrity of the cell interior and regulates meticulously the import and export of diverse substances. Its major building blocks are proteins and lipids, which self-assemble to a fluid lipid bilayer driven mainly by hydrophobic forces. Even if the plasma membrane appears-globally speaking-homogeneous at physiological temperatures, the existence of specialized nano- to micrometre-sized domains of raft-type character within cellular and synthetic membrane systems has been reported. It is hypothesized that these domains are the origin of a plethora of cellular processes, such as signalling or vesicular trafficking. This review intends to highlight the driving forces of lipid self-assembly into a bilayer membrane and the formation of small, transient domains within the plasma membrane. The mechanisms of self-assembly depend on several factors, such as the lipid composition of the membrane and the geometry of lipids. Moreover, the dynamics and organization of glycosphingolipids into nanometre-sized clusters will be discussed, also in the context of multivalent lectins, which cluster several glycosphingolipid receptor molecules and thus create an asymmetric stress between the two membrane leaflets, leading to tubular plasma membrane invaginations.This article is part of the theme issue 'Self-organization in cell biology'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taras Sych
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technology (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 67401 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Yves Mély
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 67401 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Winfried Römer
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technology (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|