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Brito LC, Marin TC, Azevêdo L, Rosa-Silva JM, Shea SA, Thosar SS. Chronobiology of Exercise: Evaluating the Best Time to Exercise for Greater Cardiovascular and Metabolic Benefits. Compr Physiol 2022; 12:3621-3639. [PMID: 35766829 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c210036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Physiological function fluctuates across 24 h due to ongoing daily patterns of behaviors and environmental changes, including the sleep/wake, rest/activity, light/dark, and daily temperature cycles. The internal circadian system prepares the body for these anticipated behavioral and environmental changes, helping to orchestrate optimal cardiovascular and metabolic responses to these daily changes. In addition, circadian disruption, caused principally by exposure to artificial light at night (e.g., as occurs with night-shift work), increases the risk for both cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity and mortality. Regular exercise is a countermeasure against cardiovascular and metabolic risk, and recent findings suggest that the cardiovascular benefits on blood pressure and autonomic control are greater with evening exercise compared to morning exercise. Moreover, exercise can also reset the timing of the circadian system, which raises the possibility that appropriate timing of exercise could be used to counteract circadian disruption. This article introduces the overall functional relevance of the human circadian system and presents the evidence surrounding the concepts that the time of day that exercise is performed can modulate the cardiovascular and metabolic benefits. Further work is needed to establish exercise as a tool to appropriately reset the circadian system following circadian misalignment to preserve cardiovascular and metabolic health. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:3621-3639, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro C Brito
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Chronobiology Applied & Exercise Physiology Research Group, School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Thais C Marin
- Chronobiology Applied & Exercise Physiology Research Group, School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luan Azevêdo
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia M Rosa-Silva
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Steven A Shea
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Saurabh S Thosar
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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Oliveira GF, Marin TC, Apolinário N, Rosa-Silva J, Azevêdo L, Ceciliato J, Silva-Batista C, Brito LC. Association of morningness-eveningness preference with physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic social distancing: a cross-sectional survey in Brazil. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:1432-1440. [PMID: 34034607 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1931276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Social distancing (SDIST) to contain COVID-19 pandemic spread implies reduced sunlight exposure and social daily life, which delay the circadian system and increase eveningness preference. The regular practice of physical activity (PA) is a time cue that decreased during SDIST. However, it is unknown if decreased PA may be associated with increase of eveningness preference. This study aimed to investigate if PA changes might be associated with changes in the morningness-eveningness preference of individuals practicing SDIST in Brazil. For this, 322 adults (18-89 years-old) regularly living in Brazil between March and October 2020 answered an online survey including questions considering the before and during SDIST period on PA (min/week) and morningness-eveningness questionnaire score. Sociodemographic, SDIST, anthropometric, and health characteristics were also included in the online survey. Participants self-reported an increase of eveningness preference comparing Before-SDIST with During-SDIST scores (56 ± 12 vs. 52 ± 13, p < .0001). Self-reported PA decreased comparing Before-SDIST with During-SDIST (230 ± 170 vs. 149 ± 155 min/week, p < .0001). Decrease in the total volume of PA and hours spent outside per day, and higher body mass index were associated with the increase in eveningness preference (R2 = .077), although the decrease in the total volume of PA was the strongest association (R2 = .037). In summary, our results show that SDIST may cause a delay in the circadian system, which is associated with the decrease of PA, a reduction in the hours spent outside per day with sunlight exposure, and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo F Oliveira
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Applied Chronobiology & Exercise Physiology Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais C Marin
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Applied Chronobiology & Exercise Physiology Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nicolas Apolinário
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Applied Chronobiology & Exercise Physiology Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia Rosa-Silva
- Applied Chronobiology & Exercise Physiology Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luan Azevêdo
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julio Ceciliato
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Applied Chronobiology & Exercise Physiology Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Silva-Batista
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Exercise Neuroscience Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro C Brito
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Applied Chronobiology & Exercise Physiology Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Oliveira GF, Marin TC, Forjaz CLM, Brito LC. Exercise Training and Endothelial Function in Hypertension: Effects of Aerobic and Resistance Training. Arq Bras Cardiol 2021; 116:948-949. [PMID: 34008819 PMCID: PMC8121457 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20210111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo F. Oliveira
- Universidade de São PauloEscola de Artes, Ciências e HumanidadesSão PauloSPBrasilEscola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
- Universidade de São PauloGrupo de Pesquisa em Cronobiologia Aplicada & Fisiologia do ExercícioSão PauloSPBrasilGrupo de Pesquisa em Cronobiologia Aplicada & Fisiologia do Exercício, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Thais C. Marin
- Universidade de São PauloEscola de Artes, Ciências e HumanidadesSão PauloSPBrasilEscola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
- Universidade de São PauloGrupo de Pesquisa em Cronobiologia Aplicada & Fisiologia do ExercícioSão PauloSPBrasilGrupo de Pesquisa em Cronobiologia Aplicada & Fisiologia do Exercício, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Cláudia L. M. Forjaz
- Universidade de São PauloEscola de Educação Física e EsporteLaboratório de Hemodinâmica da Atividade MotoraSão PauloSPBrasilLaboratório de Hemodinâmica da Atividade Motora, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Leandro C. Brito
- Universidade de São PauloEscola de Artes, Ciências e HumanidadesSão PauloSPBrasilEscola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
- Universidade de São PauloEscola de Educação Física e EsporteLaboratório de Hemodinâmica da Atividade MotoraSão PauloSPBrasilLaboratório de Hemodinâmica da Atividade Motora, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
- Universidade de São PauloGrupo de Pesquisa em Cronobiologia Aplicada & Fisiologia do ExercícioSão PauloSPBrasilGrupo de Pesquisa em Cronobiologia Aplicada & Fisiologia do Exercício, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
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