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Brito LC, Azevêdo LM, Amaro-Vicente G, Costa LR, da Silva Junior ND, Halliwill JR, Rondon MUPB, Forjaz CLM. Evening but not morning aerobic training improves sympathetic activity and baroreflex sensitivity in elderly patients with treated hypertension. J Physiol 2024; 602:1049-1063. [PMID: 38377223 DOI: 10.1113/jp285966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The blood pressure-lowering effect of aerobic training is preceded by improving cardiovascular autonomic control. We previously demonstrated that aerobic training conducted in the evening (ET) induces a greater decrease in blood pressure than morning training (MT). To study whether the greater blood pressure decrease after ET occurs through better cardiovascular autonomic regulation, this study aimed to compare MT versus ET on muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in treated patients with hypertension. Elderly patients treated for hypertension were randomly allocated into MT (n = 12, 07.00-10.00 h) or ET (n = 11, 17.00-20.00 h) groups. Both groups trained for 10 weeks, 3 times/week, cycling for 45 min at moderate intensity. Beat-to-beat blood pressure (finger photoplethysmography), heart rate (electrocardiography) and MSNA (microneurography) were assessed at the initial and final phases of the study at baseline and during sequential bolus infusions of sodium nitroprusside and phenylephrine (modified-Oxford technique) to evaluate cardiac and sympathetic BRS. Mean blood pressure decreased significantly after ET but not after MT (-9 ± 11 vs. -1 ± 8 mmHg, P = 0.042). MSNA decreased significantly only after ET with no change after MT (-12 ± 5 vs. -3 ± 7 bursts/100 heart beats, P = 0.013). Sympathetic BRS improved after ET but not after MT (-0.8 ± 0.7 vs. 0.0 ± 0.8 bursts/100 heart beats/mmHg, P = 0.052). Cardiac BRS improved similarly in both groups (ET: +1.7 ± 1.8 vs. MT: +1.4 ± 1.9 ms/mmHg, Pphase ≤ 0.001). In elderly patients treated for hypertension, only ET decreased mean blood pressure and MSNA and improved sympathetic BRS. These findings revealed that the sympathetic nervous system has a key role in ET's superiority to MT in blood pressure-lowering effect. KEY POINTS: Reducing muscle nerve sympathetic activity and increasing sympathetic baroreflex sensitivity plays a key role in promoting the greater blood pressure reduction observed with evening training. These findings indicated that simply changing the timing of exercise training may offer additional benefits beyond antihypertensive medications, such as protection against sympathetic overdrive and loss of baroreflex sensitivity, independent markers of mortality. Our new findings also suggest new avenues of investigation, such as the possibility that evening aerobic training may be beneficial in other clinical conditions with sympathetic overdrive, such as congestive heart failure and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro C Brito
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Luan M Azevêdo
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Graziela Amaro-Vicente
- Laboratory of Autonomic Control of Circulation, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis R Costa
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natan D da Silva Junior
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - John R Halliwill
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Maria U P B Rondon
- Laboratory of Autonomic Control of Circulation, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cláudia L M Forjaz
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Brito LC, Thosar SS. Rest-activity rhythm as a clinical biomarker: what are the next steps? Lancet Healthy Longev 2023; 4:e179-e180. [PMID: 37148887 PMCID: PMC10979656 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-7568(23)00065-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro C Brito
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA.
| | - Saurabh S Thosar
- OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA; School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA; Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
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Brito LC, Marin TC, Azevêdo L, Rosa-Silva JM, Shea SA, Thosar SS. Chronobiology of Exercise: Evaluating the Best Time to Exercise for Greater Cardiovascular and Metabolic Benefits. Compr Physiol 2022; 12:3621-3639. [PMID: 35766829 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c210036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Physiological function fluctuates across 24 h due to ongoing daily patterns of behaviors and environmental changes, including the sleep/wake, rest/activity, light/dark, and daily temperature cycles. The internal circadian system prepares the body for these anticipated behavioral and environmental changes, helping to orchestrate optimal cardiovascular and metabolic responses to these daily changes. In addition, circadian disruption, caused principally by exposure to artificial light at night (e.g., as occurs with night-shift work), increases the risk for both cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity and mortality. Regular exercise is a countermeasure against cardiovascular and metabolic risk, and recent findings suggest that the cardiovascular benefits on blood pressure and autonomic control are greater with evening exercise compared to morning exercise. Moreover, exercise can also reset the timing of the circadian system, which raises the possibility that appropriate timing of exercise could be used to counteract circadian disruption. This article introduces the overall functional relevance of the human circadian system and presents the evidence surrounding the concepts that the time of day that exercise is performed can modulate the cardiovascular and metabolic benefits. Further work is needed to establish exercise as a tool to appropriately reset the circadian system following circadian misalignment to preserve cardiovascular and metabolic health. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:3621-3639, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro C Brito
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Chronobiology Applied & Exercise Physiology Research Group, School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Thais C Marin
- Chronobiology Applied & Exercise Physiology Research Group, School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luan Azevêdo
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia M Rosa-Silva
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Steven A Shea
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Saurabh S Thosar
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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Fecchio RY, Brito LC, Peçanha T, de Moraes Forjaz CL. Potential Mechanisms Behind the Blood Pressure-Lowering Effect of Dynamic Resistance Training. Curr Hypertens Rep 2021; 23:35. [PMID: 34152491 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-021-01154-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To elucidate the hemodynamic, autonomic, vascular, hormonal, and local mechanisms involved in the blood pressure (BP)-lowering effect of dynamic resistance training (DRT) in prehypertensive and hypertensive populations. RECENT FINDINGS The systematic search identified 16 studies involving 17 experimental groups that assessed the DRT effects on BP mechanisms in prehypertensive and/or hypertensive populations. These studies mainly enrolled women and middle-aged/older individuals. Vascular effects of DRT were consistently reported, with vascular conductance, flow-mediated dilation, and vasodilatory capacity increases found in all studies. On the other hand, evidence regarding the effects of DRT on systemic hemodynamics, autonomic regulation, hormones, and vasoactive substances are still scarce and controversial, not allowing for any conclusion. The current literature synthesis shows that DRT may promote vascular adaptations, improving vascular conductance and endothelial function, which may have a role in the BP-lowering effect of this type of training in prehypertensive and hypertensive individuals. More studies are needed to explore the role of other mechanisms in the BP-lowering effect of DRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Y Fecchio
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro C Brito
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago Peçanha
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Clinical Hospital HCFMUSP, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Oliveira GF, Marin TC, Apolinário N, Rosa-Silva J, Azevêdo L, Ceciliato J, Silva-Batista C, Brito LC. Association of morningness-eveningness preference with physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic social distancing: a cross-sectional survey in Brazil. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:1432-1440. [PMID: 34034607 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1931276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Social distancing (SDIST) to contain COVID-19 pandemic spread implies reduced sunlight exposure and social daily life, which delay the circadian system and increase eveningness preference. The regular practice of physical activity (PA) is a time cue that decreased during SDIST. However, it is unknown if decreased PA may be associated with increase of eveningness preference. This study aimed to investigate if PA changes might be associated with changes in the morningness-eveningness preference of individuals practicing SDIST in Brazil. For this, 322 adults (18-89 years-old) regularly living in Brazil between March and October 2020 answered an online survey including questions considering the before and during SDIST period on PA (min/week) and morningness-eveningness questionnaire score. Sociodemographic, SDIST, anthropometric, and health characteristics were also included in the online survey. Participants self-reported an increase of eveningness preference comparing Before-SDIST with During-SDIST scores (56 ± 12 vs. 52 ± 13, p < .0001). Self-reported PA decreased comparing Before-SDIST with During-SDIST (230 ± 170 vs. 149 ± 155 min/week, p < .0001). Decrease in the total volume of PA and hours spent outside per day, and higher body mass index were associated with the increase in eveningness preference (R2 = .077), although the decrease in the total volume of PA was the strongest association (R2 = .037). In summary, our results show that SDIST may cause a delay in the circadian system, which is associated with the decrease of PA, a reduction in the hours spent outside per day with sunlight exposure, and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo F Oliveira
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Applied Chronobiology & Exercise Physiology Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais C Marin
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Applied Chronobiology & Exercise Physiology Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nicolas Apolinário
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Applied Chronobiology & Exercise Physiology Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia Rosa-Silva
- Applied Chronobiology & Exercise Physiology Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luan Azevêdo
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julio Ceciliato
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Applied Chronobiology & Exercise Physiology Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Silva-Batista
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Exercise Neuroscience Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro C Brito
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Applied Chronobiology & Exercise Physiology Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Oliveira GF, Marin TC, Forjaz CLM, Brito LC. Exercise Training and Endothelial Function in Hypertension: Effects of Aerobic and Resistance Training. Arq Bras Cardiol 2021; 116:948-949. [PMID: 34008819 PMCID: PMC8121457 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20210111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo F. Oliveira
- Universidade de São PauloEscola de Artes, Ciências e HumanidadesSão PauloSPBrasilEscola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
- Universidade de São PauloGrupo de Pesquisa em Cronobiologia Aplicada & Fisiologia do ExercícioSão PauloSPBrasilGrupo de Pesquisa em Cronobiologia Aplicada & Fisiologia do Exercício, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Thais C. Marin
- Universidade de São PauloEscola de Artes, Ciências e HumanidadesSão PauloSPBrasilEscola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
- Universidade de São PauloGrupo de Pesquisa em Cronobiologia Aplicada & Fisiologia do ExercícioSão PauloSPBrasilGrupo de Pesquisa em Cronobiologia Aplicada & Fisiologia do Exercício, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Cláudia L. M. Forjaz
- Universidade de São PauloEscola de Educação Física e EsporteLaboratório de Hemodinâmica da Atividade MotoraSão PauloSPBrasilLaboratório de Hemodinâmica da Atividade Motora, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Leandro C. Brito
- Universidade de São PauloEscola de Artes, Ciências e HumanidadesSão PauloSPBrasilEscola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
- Universidade de São PauloEscola de Educação Física e EsporteLaboratório de Hemodinâmica da Atividade MotoraSão PauloSPBrasilLaboratório de Hemodinâmica da Atividade Motora, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
- Universidade de São PauloGrupo de Pesquisa em Cronobiologia Aplicada & Fisiologia do ExercícioSão PauloSPBrasilGrupo de Pesquisa em Cronobiologia Aplicada & Fisiologia do Exercício, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
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7
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de Rezende LMT, Brito LC, Moura AG, Costa AJLD, Leal TF, Favarato ES, Favarato LSC, Natali AJ, Coimbra CC, Prímola-Gomes TN. Core temperature circadian rhythm across aging in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. J Therm Biol 2021; 97:102807. [PMID: 33863423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the circadian rhythm of core temperature (Tcore) across aging in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) with comparison to the two rat strains often used as their normotensive control animals, namely, Wistar (WIS) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY). METHODS WIS, WKY and SHR rats were subdivided into three different groups according their age: WIS16, WIS48, WIS72, WKY16, WKY48, WKY72, SHR16, SHR48 and SHR72 weeks-old. Body mass and blood pressure were periodically measured along the experiments. All animal group had their circadian rhythm of Tcore evaluated over three consecutive days (72 h) by telemetry using an implanted temperature sensor. The Tcore circadian rhythm was averaged in 1-h blocks and analyzed using the cosinor method. RESULTS Sixteen-week-old SHR (SHR16) presented higher Tcore than WIS16 (from 06am to 06pm) and WKY16 (from 07am to 06pm). Both normotensive groups exhibited increases in Tcore during circadian rhythm with aging. The cosinor analysis showed no differences between strains and ages for the acrophase. An age effect on the SHR strain (SHR16 < SHR72) was observed regarding the amplitude. SHR16 had higher values regarding MESOR compared to WIS16 and WKY16. In addition, WIS72 and WKY72 showed higher values than WIS16 and WKY16, respectively. Finally, no differences were observed in the strength rhythm analysis. CONCLUSIONS SHR presented impaired thermoregulatory control at only 16 weeks of age when showing a higher body temperature during the activity phase, while other circadian rhythm parameters showed no differences across aging. Therefore, in taking our results as a whole we can conclude that WIS and WKY are appropriate Wistar strains to be used as normotensive controls for SHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo M T de Rezende
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Leandro C Brito
- Laboratório de Hemodinâmica da Atividade Locomotora, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Anselmo G Moura
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Alexandre J L D Costa
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Tiago F Leal
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Evandro S Favarato
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Lukiya S C Favarato
- Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Antônio J Natali
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Cândido C Coimbra
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Thales N Prímola-Gomes
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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Brito LC, Queiroga T, Franco RR, Passone CGB, Lopes MC, Shea SA, Bueno C, Soster LMSFA. Cardiac autonomic control during non-REM and REM sleep stages in paediatric patients with Prader-Willi syndrome. J Sleep Res 2020; 30:e13165. [PMID: 32812310 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac death is the second most prevalent cause in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). Paediatric patients with PWS often present cardiac autonomic dysfunction during wakefulness, obesity and sleep-disordered breathing. However, the extent of cardiac autonomic modulation during sleep in PWS has not been documented. The objective of this study was to assess alterations in cardiac autonomic modulation of paediatric patients with PWS during different sleep stages. Thirty-nine participants in three groups: 14 PWS, 13 sex and age-matched lean controls (LG) and 12 obese-matched controls (OB). All participants underwent overnight polysomnography, including continuous electrocardiogram recordings. Heart rate variability (HRV) was analysed during representative periods of each sleep stage through time and frequency domains calculated across 5-min periods. Between-within ANOVAs were employed (p < .05). The results show that total HRV was lower in PWS than OB and LG during slow-wave sleep (SWS) (standard deviation of all NN intervals [SDNN] ms, p = .006). Parasympathetic modulation assessed by time-domain analysis was lower during SWS in PWS compared to both OB and LG (square root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent NN intervals [RMSSD] ms, p = .004; SDSD, standard deviation of differences between adjacent NN intervals [SDSD] ms, p = .02; number of adjacent NN intervals differing by >50 ms [NN50] ms, p = .03; proportion of adjacent NN intervals differing by >50 ms [pNN50] ms, p = .01). Sympathovagal balance assessed by frequency-domain analysis was lower during both N2 and SWS than during the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep stage, but not different among groups. In conclusion, this group of paediatric patients with PWS had impaired cardiac autonomic balance due to reduced parasympathetic modulation during SWS. This result could imply an underlying increased cardiovascular risk in PWS even during early age and independent of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro C Brito
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thereza Queiroga
- Polisomnography Unit, Medical School, Children's Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ruth R Franco
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Medical School, Children's Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline G B Passone
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Medical School, Children's Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria-Cecilia Lopes
- Polisomnography Unit, Medical School, Children's Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Childhood and Adolescence Affetive Disorders Program (PRATA), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Steven A Shea
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Clarissa Bueno
- Polisomnography Unit, Medical School, Children's Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital HCFMUSP, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leticia M S F A Soster
- Polisomnography Unit, Medical School, Children's Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Oliveira‐Silva L, Peçanha T, Fecchio RY, Rezende RA, Abreu A, Silva G, Mion‐Junior D, Cipolla‐Neto J, Forjaz CLM, Brito LC. Poor sleep quality is associated with cardiac autonomic dysfunction in treated hypertensive men. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2020; 22:1484-1490. [PMID: 32741136 PMCID: PMC8029802 DOI: 10.1111/jch.13949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hypertensives present cardiac autonomic dysfunction. Reduction in sleep quality increases blood pressure (BP) and favors hypertension development. Previous studies suggested a relationship between cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction and sleep quality, but it is unclear whether this association is present in hypertensives. Thus, this study evaluated the relationship between sleep quality and cardiac autonomic modulation in hypertensives. Forty-seven middle-aged hypertensive men under consistent anti-hypertensive treatment were assessed for sleep quality by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-higher score means worse sleep quality). Additionally, their beat-by-beat BP and heart rate (HR) were recorded, and cardiac autonomic modulation was assessed by their variabilities. Mann-Whitney and t tests were used to compare different sleep quality groups: poor (PSQI > 5, n = 24) vs good (PSQI ≤ 5, n = 23), and Spearman's correlations to investigate associations between sleep quality and autonomic markers. Patients with poor sleep quality presented lower cardiac parasympathetic modulation (HR high-frequency band = 26 ± 13 vs 36 ± 15 nu, P = .03; HR total variance = 951 ± 1373 vs 1608 ± 2272 ms2 , P = .05) and cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (4.5 ± 2.3 vs 7.1 ± 3.7 ms/mm Hg, P = .01). Additionally, sleep quality score presented significant positive correlation with HR (r = +0.34, P = .02) and negative correlations with HR high-frequency band (r = -0.34, P = .03), HR total variance (r = -0.35, P = .02), and cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (r = -0.42, P = .01), showing that poor sleep quality is associated with higher HR and lower cardiac parasympathetic modulation and baroreflex sensitivity. In conclusion, in treated hypertensive men, poor sleep quality is associated with cardiac autonomic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Oliveira‐Silva
- Exercise Hemodynamic LaboratorySchool of Physical Education and SportUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Tiago Peçanha
- Exercise Hemodynamic LaboratorySchool of Physical Education and SportUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Rafael Y. Fecchio
- Exercise Hemodynamic LaboratorySchool of Physical Education and SportUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Rafael A. Rezende
- Exercise Hemodynamic LaboratorySchool of Physical Education and SportUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Andrea Abreu
- Hypertension UnitGeneral HospitalUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Giovânio Silva
- Hypertension UnitGeneral HospitalUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Décio Mion‐Junior
- Hypertension UnitGeneral HospitalUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - José Cipolla‐Neto
- Neurobiology LaboratoryInstitute of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Claudia L. M. Forjaz
- Exercise Hemodynamic LaboratorySchool of Physical Education and SportUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Leandro C. Brito
- Exercise Hemodynamic LaboratorySchool of Physical Education and SportUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
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10
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Ceciliato J, Costa EC, Azevêdo L, Sousa JC, Fecchio RY, Brito LC. Effect of Resistance Training on Arterial Stiffness in Healthy Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Curr Hypertens Rep 2020; 22:51. [PMID: 32671492 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-020-01065-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effect of resistance training on arterial stiffness (AS) in healthy subjects. Two electronic databases (PubMed and Scielo) were searched for randomized controlled trials comparing the effect of dynamic and/or isometric resistance training stand-alone versus non-exercise control group on AS assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV) in healthy subjects. Random-effects modeling was employed to compare delta changes (post-pre-intervention) in AS between the resistance training and control group. Data were reported as weighted mean difference (MD) and its 95% confidence intervals (CI). Statistical significance was set at 5%. RECENT FINDINGS A total of 10 studies involving 310 participants (46.5% female; resistance training groups, n = 194; control groups, n = 116) were included in the meta-analysis. Comparing changes from pre- to post-resistance training groups versus control groups, no differences were observed in PWV (MD - 1.33 cm/s (95% CI - 34.58 to 31.91), p = 0.94, I2 = 91%). Resistance training stand-alone does not elicit changes (i.e., improvement or impairment) on AS in healthy subjects, but the high heterogeneity suggests influence of training protocol and/or personal characteristics that should be investigated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlio Ceciliato
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, Rua Arlindo Béttio, 1000, Vila Guaraciaba, São Paulo, 03828-000, Brazil
| | - Eduardo C Costa
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Luan Azevêdo
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Mello Moraes, 65, São Paulo, 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Júlio C Sousa
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Mello Moraes, 65, São Paulo, 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Rafael Y Fecchio
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Mello Moraes, 65, São Paulo, 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Leandro C Brito
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, Rua Arlindo Béttio, 1000, Vila Guaraciaba, São Paulo, 03828-000, Brazil. .,School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Mello Moraes, 65, São Paulo, 05508-030, Brazil.
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Brito LC, Azevêdo L, Peçanha T, Fecchio RY, Rezende RA, da Silva GV, Pio-Abreu A, Mion D, Halliwill JR, Forjaz CLM. Effects of ACEi and ARB on post-exercise hypotension induced by exercises conducted at different times of day in hypertensive men. Clin Exp Hypertens 2020; 42:722-727. [PMID: 32589058 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2020.1783546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-exercise hypotension (PEH) is greater after evening than morning exercise, but antihypertensive drugs may affect the evening potentiation of PEH. Objective: To compare morning and evening PEH in hypertensives receiving angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB). METHODS Hypertensive men receiving ACEi (n = 14) or ARB (n = 15) underwent, in a random order, two maximal exercise tests (cycle ergometer, 15 watts/min until exhaustion) with one conducted in the morning (7 and 9 a.m.) and the other in the evening (8 and 10 p.m.). Auscultatory blood pressure (BP) was assessed in triplicate before and 30 min after the exercises. Changes in BP (post-exercise - pre-exercise) were compared between the groups and the sessions using a two-way mixed ANOVA and considering P < .05 as significant. RESULTS In the ARB group, systolic BP decrease was greater after the evening than the morning exercise, while in the ACEi group, it was not different after the exercises conducted at the different times of the day. Additionally, after the evening exercise, systolic BP decrease was lower in the ACEi than the ARB group (ARB = -11 ± 8 vs -6 ± 6 and ACEi = -6 ± 7 vs. -8 ± 5 mmHg, evening vs. morning, respectively, P for interaction = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS ACEi, but not ARB use, blunts the greater PEH that occurs after exercise conducted in the evening than in the morning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro C Brito
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Luan Azevêdo
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Tiago Peçanha
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Rafael Yokoyama Fecchio
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo , Brazil
| | | | | | - Andrea Pio-Abreu
- Hypertension Unit, General Hospital, Medical School, University of São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Décio Mion
- Hypertension Unit, General Hospital, Medical School, University of São Paulo , Brazil
| | - John R Halliwill
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon , Eugene, USA
| | - Claudia L M Forjaz
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo , Brazil
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Campos LA, Bueno C, Barcelos IP, Halpern B, Brito LC, Amaral FG, Baltatu OC, Cipolla-Neto J. Melatonin Therapy Improves Cardiac Autonomic Modulation in Pinealectomized Patients. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:239. [PMID: 32431667 PMCID: PMC7213221 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this investigational study was to assess the effects of melatonin replacement therapy on cardiac autonomic modulation in pinealectomized patients. This was an open-label, single-arm, single-center, proof-of-concept study consisting of a screening period, a 3-month treatment period with melatonin (3 mg/day), and a 6-month washout period. The cardiac autonomic function was determined through heart rate variability (HRV) measures during polysomnography. Pinealectomized patients (n = 5) with confirmed absence of melatonin were included in this study. Melatonin treatment increased vagal-dominated HRV indices including root mean square of the successive R-R interval differences (RMSSD) (39.7 ms, 95% CI 2.0-77.4, p = 0.04), percentage of successive R-R intervals that differ by more than 50 ms (pNN50) (17.1%, 95% CI 9.1-25.1, p = 0.003), absolute power of the high-frequency band (HF power) (1,390 ms2, 95% CI 511.9-2,267, p = 0.01), and sympathetic HRV indices like standard deviation of normal R-R wave interval (SDNN) (57.6 ms, 95% CI 15.2-100.0, p = 0.02), and absolute power of the low-frequency band (LF power) (4,592 ms2, 95% CI 895.6-8,288, p = 0.03). These HRV indices returned to pretreatment values when melatonin treatment was discontinued. The HRV entropy-based regularity parameters were not altered in this study, suggesting that there were no significant alterations of the REM-NREM ratios between the time stages of the study. These data show that 3 months of melatonin treatment may induce an improvement in cardiac autonomic modulation in melatonin-non-proficient patients. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03885258.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Aparecida Campos
- Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE) at São José dos Campos Technology Park, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Anhembi Morumbi University, Laureate International Universities, São José dos Campos, Brazil
- College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Clarissa Bueno
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital das Clínicas of University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabella P. Barcelos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Halpern
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hospital das Clínicas of University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro C. Brito
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda G. Amaral
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ovidiu Constantin Baltatu
- Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE) at São José dos Campos Technology Park, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Anhembi Morumbi University, Laureate International Universities, São José dos Campos, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Ovidiu Constantin Baltatu
| | - José Cipolla-Neto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- José Cipolla-Neto
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Brito LC, Peçanha T, Fecchio RY, Rezende RA, Sousa P, DA Silva-Júnior N, Abreu A, Silva G, Mion-Junior D, Halliwill JR, Forjaz CLM. Morning versus Evening Aerobic Training Effects on Blood Pressure in Treated Hypertension. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 51:653-662. [PMID: 30489494 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The acute blood pressure (BP) decrease is greater after evening than morning exercise, suggesting that evening training (ET) may have a greater hypotensive effect. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the hypotensive effect of aerobic training performed in the morning versus evening in treated hypertensives. METHODS Fifty treated hypertensive men were randomly allocated to three groups: morning training (MT), ET, and control (C). Training groups cycled for 45 min at moderate intensity (progressing from the heart rate of the anaerobic threshold to 10% below the heart rate of the respiratory compensation point), while C stretched for 30 min. Interventions were conducted 3 times per week for 10 wk. Clinic and ambulatory BP and hemodynamic and autonomic mechanisms were evaluated before and after the interventions. Clinic assessments were performed in the morning (7:00-9:00 AM) and evening (6:00-8:00 PM). Between-within ANOVA was used (P ≤ 0.05). RESULTS Only ET decreased clinic systolic BP differently from C and MT (morning assessment -5 ± 6 mm Hg and evening assessment -8 ± 7 mm Hg, P < 0.05). Only ET reduced 24 h and asleep diastolic BP differently from C and MT (-3 ± 5 and -3 ± 4 mm Hg, respectively, P < 0.05). Systemic vascular resistance decreased from C only in ET (P = 0.03). Vasomotor sympathetic modulation decreased (P = 0.001) and baroreflex sensitivity (P < 0.02) increased from C in both training groups with greater changes in ET than MT. CONCLUSIONS In treated hypertensive men, aerobic training performed in the evening decreased clinic and ambulatory BP due to reductions in systemic vascular resistance and vasomotor sympathetic modulation. Aerobic training conducted at both times of day increases baroreflex sensitivity, but with greater after ET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro C Brito
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BRAZIL
| | - Tiago Peçanha
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BRAZIL
| | - Rafael Y Fecchio
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BRAZIL
| | - Rafael A Rezende
- Department of Nephrology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BRAZIL
| | - Patrícia Sousa
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BRAZIL
| | - Natan DA Silva-Júnior
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BRAZIL
| | - Andrea Abreu
- Hypertension Unit, General Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BRAZIL
| | - Giovânio Silva
- Hypertension Unit, General Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BRAZIL
| | - Décio Mion-Junior
- Hypertension Unit, General Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BRAZIL
| | - John R Halliwill
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR
| | - Claudia L M Forjaz
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BRAZIL
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Brito LC, Ely MR, Sieck DC, Mangum JE, Larson EA, Minson CT, Forjaz CLM, Halliwill JR. Effect of Time of Day on Sustained Postexercise Vasodilation Following Small Muscle-Mass Exercise in Humans. Front Physiol 2019; 10:762. [PMID: 31293439 PMCID: PMC6603126 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous studies observed diurnal variation in hemodynamic responses during recovery from whole-body exercise, with vasodilation appearing greater after evening versus morning sessions. It is unclear what mechanism(s) underlie this response. Since small muscle-mass exercise can isolate peripheral effects related to postexercise vasodilation, it may provide insight into possible mechanisms behind this diurnal variation. Methods The study was conducted in ten healthy (5F, 5M) young individuals, following single-leg dynamic knee-extension exercise performed in the Morning (7:30–11:30 am) or the Evening (5–9 pm) on two different days, in random order. Arterial pressure (automated auscultation) and leg blood flow (femoral artery Doppler ultrasound) were measured pre-exercise and during 120 min postexercise. Net effect for each session was calculated as percent change in blood flow (or vascular conductance) between the Active Leg and the Inactive Leg. Results Following Morning exercise, blood flow was 34.9 ± 8.9% higher in the Active Leg versus the Inactive Leg (p < 0.05) across recovery. Following Evening exercise, blood flow was 35.0 ± 8.8% higher in the Active Leg versus the Inactive Leg (p < 0.05). Likewise, vascular conductance was higher in the Active Leg versus the Inactive Leg (Morning: +35.1 ± 9.0%, p < 0.05; Evening: +33.2 ± 8.2%, p < 0.05). Morning and Evening blood flow (p = 0.66) and vascular conductance (p = 0.64) did not differ. Conclusion These data suggest previous studies which identified diurnal variations in postexercise vasodilation responses are likely reflecting central rather than peripheral modulation of cardiovascular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro C Brito
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matthew R Ely
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
| | - Dylan C Sieck
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
| | - Joshua E Mangum
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
| | - Emily A Larson
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
| | | | - Cláudia L M Forjaz
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - John R Halliwill
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
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Ely MR, Sieck DC, Mangum JE, Larson EA, Brito LC, Minson CT, Halliwill JR. Histamine-Receptor Antagonists Slow 10-km Cycling Performance in Competitive Cyclists. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 51:1487-1497. [PMID: 30694974 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Histamine is released within skeletal muscle during exercise. In humans, antihistamines have no effect on speed, power output, or time-to-completion of short-duration high-intensity exercise. In mice, blocking histamine's actions decreases speed and duration of endurance tasks. It is unknown if these opposing outcomes are the result of differences in histamine's actions between species or are related to duration and/or intensity of exercise, as blocking histamine during endurance exercise has not been examined in humans. PURPOSE Determine the effects of histamine-receptor antagonism on cycling time trial performance in humans, with and without a preceding bout of sustained steady-state exercise. METHODS Eleven (3F) competitive cyclists performed six 10-km time trials on separate days. The first two time trials served as familiarization. The next four time trials were performed in randomized-block order, where two were preceded by 120 min of seated rest (rest) and two by 120 min of cycling exercise (Exercise) at 50% V˙O2peak. Within each block, subjects consumed either combined histamine H1 and H2 receptor antagonists (Blockade) or Placebo, before the start of the 120-min Rest/Exercise. RESULTS Blockade had no discernible effects on hemodynamic or metabolic variables during Rest or Exercise. However, Blockade increased time-to-completion of the 10-km time trial compared with Placebo (+10.5 ± 3.7 s, P < 0.05). Slowing from placebo to blockade was not different between rest (+8.7 ± 5.2 s) and Exercise (+12.3 ± 5.8 s, P = 0.716). CONCLUSIONS Exercise-related histaminergic signaling appears inherent to endurance exercise and may play a role in facilitating optimal function during high-intensity endurance exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Ely
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR
| | - Dylan C Sieck
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR
| | - Joshua E Mangum
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR
| | - Emily A Larson
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR
| | - Leandro C Brito
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BRAZIL
| | | | - John R Halliwill
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR
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Brito LC. Group Means and Inter-Individual Analysis in Post-exercise Hypotension: Effects of
Citrulline Malate Oral Supplementation. Arq Bras Cardiol 2019; 113:229-230. [PMID: 31483018 PMCID: PMC6777884 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20190152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro C. Brito
- Universidade de São Paulo - Escola de Educação
Física e Esporte, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Mailing Address: Leandro Brito, Universidade de
São Paulo - Escola de Educação Física e Esporte -
Av. Prof. Mello Moraes, 65. Postal Code: 05508-030, Cidade Universitária,
São Paulo, SP - Brazil. E-mail:
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Brito LC, Fecchio RY, Peçanha T, Andrade-Lima A, Halliwill JR, Forjaz CL. Postexercise hypotension as a clinical tool: a “single brick” in the wall. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 12:e59-e64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Andrade-Lima A, Chehuen M, Silva Junior N, Fecchio RY, Peçanha T, Brito LC, Miyasato R, Leicht AS, Forjaz CLM. Reproducibility of Hemodynamic, Cardiac Autonomic Modulation, and Blood Flow Assessments in Patients with Intermittent Claudication. Ann Vasc Surg 2018; 57:144-151. [PMID: 30476599 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2018.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to identify, in patients with peripheral artery disease and intermittent claudication (IC), the reproducibility of heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), rate pressure product, heart rate variability (HRV), and forearm and calf blood flow (BF) and vasodilatory assessments. METHODS Twenty-nine patients with IC underwent test and retest sessions, 8-12 days apart. During each session, HR, BP, HRV, BF, and vasodilatory responses were measured by electrocardiogram, auscultation, spectral analysis of HRV (low frequency, LFR-R; high frequency, HFR-R), and strain gauge plethysmography (baseline BF, post-occlusion BF, post-occlusion area under the curve). Reproducibility was determined by intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), typical error, coefficient of variation (CV), and limits of agreement. RESULTS The ICC for HR and BP was >0.8 with CV <9%. For most HRV measures, ICC was >0.9 while CV was <7%, except for LF/HF (ICC = 0.737, CV = 93.8%). The ICC for forearm and calf baseline BF assessments was >0.9 while CV was <19%; variable ICC and CV for vasodilatory responses were exhibited for calf (0.653-0.770, 35.2-37.7%) and forearm (0.169-0.265, 46.2-55.5%). CONCLUSIONS In male patients with IC, systemic hemodynamics (HR and BP), cardiac autonomic modulation (LFR-R and HFR-R), and forearm and calf baseline BF assessments exhibited excellent reproducibility, whereas the level of reproducibility for vasodilatory responses were moderate to poor. Assessment reproducibility has highlighted appropriate clinical tools for the regular monitoring of disease/intervention progression in patients with IC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aluísio Andrade-Lima
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marcel Chehuen
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natan Silva Junior
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Y Fecchio
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago Peçanha
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro C Brito
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Miyasato
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anthony S Leicht
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Cláudia L M Forjaz
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ely MR, Sieck DC, Mangum JE, Larson EA, Brito LC, Minson CT, Halliwill JR. Histamine‐Receptor Antagonists Affect Endurance Exercise Performance in Highly Competitive Cyclists. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.723.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Ely
- Department of Human PhysiologyUniversity of OregonEugeneOR
| | - Dylan C. Sieck
- Department of Human PhysiologyUniversity of OregonEugeneOR
| | | | | | - Leandro C. Brito
- School of Physical Education and SportUniversity of São PauloSao PauloBrazil
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Casellas J, Brito LC. Technical note: PaGELL v.1.5: A flexible parametric program for the Bayesian analysis of longevity data within the context of animal breeding. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:8282-8286. [PMID: 28780100 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This technical note presents the program PaGELL v.1.5 (Parametric Genetic Evaluation of Lifespan in Livestock), a flexible software program to analyze (right-censored) longevity data in livestock populations, with a special emphasis on the genetic evaluation of the breeding stock. This software relies on a parametric generalization of the proportional hazard model; more specifically, the baseline hazard function follows a Weibull process and flexibility is gained by including an additional time-dependent effect with the number of change points defined by the user. The program can accommodate 3 different sources of variation (i.e., systematic, permanent environmental, and additive genetic effects) and both fixed and time-dependent patterns (only for systematic and permanent environmental effects). Analyses are performed within a Bayesian context by sampling from the joint posterior distribution of the model, and model fit can be easily determined by the calculation of the deviance information criterion. Although this software has already been used on field data sets, its performance has been double-checked on simulated data set, and results are presented in this technical note. PaGELL v.1.5 was written in Fortran 95 language and, after compiling with the GNU Fortran Compiler v.4.7 and later, it has been tested in Windows, Linux, and MacOS operating systems (both 32- and 64-bit platforms). This program is available at http://www.casellas.info/files/pageII.zip.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Casellas
- Grup de Recerca en Millora Genètica Molecular Veterinària, Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - L C Brito
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, Brazil
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Brito LC, Rezende RA, Mendes C, Silva-Junior ND, Tinucci T, Cipolla-Neto J, de Moraes Forjaz CL. Separate aftereffects of morning and evening exercise on ambulatory blood pressure in prehypertensive men. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2017; 58:157-163. [PMID: 28222574 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.17.06964-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinic postexercise hypotension (PEH) is different after aerobic exercise performed in the morning and in the evening. Thus, ambulatory PEH should also differ after exercises conducted at different times of day. However, because of the circadian pattern of blood pressure (BP), ambulatory PEH should be assessed considering a control condition. Thus, this study was designed to verify the effects of morning and evening exercises on postexercise ambulatory BP averages and circadian parameters by comparing responses obtained at each time of day after an exercise and a control session. METHODS Thirteen prehypertensive men underwent four sessions (randomized order): two in the morning (9 am) and two in the evening (6:30 pm). At each time of day, a control (C) and an exercise (E: cycle ergometer 45 min, 50% VO2peak) sessions were performed. After the sessions, an ambulatory BP and heart rate (HR) monitoring was started for 24 h. Paired t-test or Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test were used to compare the E and the C sessions at each time of day. RESULTS In the morning, 24 h, daytime and nighttime HR were higher after the E than the C session. In the evening, nighttime systolic BP (116±11 vs. 120±10 mmHg, P=0.04) and rate pressure product (7981±1294 vs. 8583±1523 mmHg.bpm, P=0.04), as well as MESOR (128±11 vs. 130±10 mmHg, P=0.03) were lower in the E than the C session. CONCLUSIONS In prehypertensive men, morning exercise increased ambulatory HR, while evening exercise decreased nighttime BP and cardiac work, reducing the MESOR of systolic BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro C Brito
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael A Rezende
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Nephrology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline Mendes
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natan D Silva-Junior
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Taís Tinucci
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Nephrology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program of Medical School, University of 9 July, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Cipolla-Neto
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cláudia L de Moraes Forjaz
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil -
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22
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Brito LC, Queiroz ACC, Forjaz CLM. Influence of population and exercise protocol characteristics on hemodynamic determinants of post-aerobic exercise hypotension. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 47:626-36. [PMID: 25098713 PMCID: PMC4165289 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20143832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to differences in study populations and protocols, the hemodynamic determinants
of post-aerobic exercise hypotension (PAEH) are controversial. This review analyzed
the factors that might influence PAEH hemodynamic determinants, through a search on
PubMed using the following key words: “postexercise” or “post-exercise” combined with
“hypotension”, “blood pressure”, “cardiac output”, and “peripheral vascular
resistance”, and “aerobic exercise” combined only with “blood pressure”. Forty-seven
studies were selected, and the following characteristics were analyzed: age, gender,
training status, body mass index status, blood pressure status, exercise intensity,
duration and mode (continuous or interval), time of day, and recovery position. Data
analysis showed that 1) most postexercise hypotension cases are due
to a reduction in systemic vascular resistance; 2) age, body mass
index, and blood pressure status influence postexercise hemodynamics, favoring
cardiac output decrease in elderly, overweight, and hypertensive subjects;
3) gender and training status do not have an isolated influence;
4) exercise duration, intensity, and mode also do not affect
postexercise hemodynamics; 5) time of day might have an influence,
but more data are needed; and 6) recovery in the supine position
facilitates systemic vascular resistance decrease. In conclusion, many factors may
influence postexercise hypotension hemodynamics, and future studies should directly
address these specific influences because different combinations may explain the
observed variability in postexercise hemodynamic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Brito
- Laboratório de Hemodinâmica da Atividade Motora, Departamento de Biodinâmica do Movimento do Corpo Humano, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - A C C Queiroz
- Laboratório de Hemodinâmica da Atividade Motora, Departamento de Biodinâmica do Movimento do Corpo Humano, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - C L M Forjaz
- Laboratório de Hemodinâmica da Atividade Motora, Departamento de Biodinâmica do Movimento do Corpo Humano, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Abstract
The main feature of Fanconi anemia (FA) is the high sensitivity of the cells to the clastogenic agent, diepoxybutane (DEB). Thus, differential diagnosis of this syndrome can be made by cytogenetic analysis; adding DEB to lymphocytes in culture (DEB test) increases the number of chromosome breaks. Fanconi anemia cells have an abnormal cell cycle, with an increased frequency of cells arrested at G2. In order to determine if flow cytometry can be utilized for FA diagnosis, we cultivated lymphocytes with DEB and analyzed them for G2 accumulation. Lymphocytes cultivated for 72 h were labeled with CD3 antibody and propidium iodide for analysis of the cells in the G2 phase. Cultures of lymphocytes from two FA patients who were diagnosed by the DEB test and six control individuals with a negative DEB test had 55.26% (SD +/- 6.97) and 2.81% (SD +/- 0.22) cells arrested at G2, respectively. We conclude that flow-cytometry analysis of cells exposed to DEB can be useful for FA diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F A Moreira
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Belém, PA, Brasil
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24
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Almeida MC, Soares SF, Abreu PRC, Jesus LM, Brito LC, Bernardo-Filho M. Protective effect of an aqueous extract of Harpagophytum procumbens upon Escherichia coli strains submitted to the lethal action of stannous chloride. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2007; 53 Suppl:OL923-7. [PMID: 17531166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2006] [Accepted: 03/09/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Regardless of its lethal effects upon Escherichia coli (E. coli) cultures trough the production of free radicals (FR), stannous chloride (SnCl2) remains to be the most used reducing agent on the production of technetium-99m radiopharmaceuticals, to obtain images on nuclear medicine. Moreover, authors have reported that vegetal extracts are able to protect Escherichia coli cultures against the cytotoxicity of this agent. Harpagophytum procumbens, also known as Devil's Claw, is a plant used in folk medicine, as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory in cases of joint and back pain, on the treatment of degenerative rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, kidney inflammation and heart diseases. The presence of this extract reduced the lesive effects of SnCl2 upon E. coli AB1157 (proficient in DNA repair), BW9091 (deficient in the xthA gene) and BH110 (deficient in the xthA, nfo and fpg genes) cultures, and the deficient strains (BW9091 e BH110) were more sensible to this SnCl2 action than the proficient one. The substances in the extract could be acting as: (i) chelator of the stannous ions, avoiding the generation of FR, (ii) FR scavenger, protecting the cells against the oxidation, and/or (iii) an oxidant compound acting upon the stannous ions, reducing the SnCl2 cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Almeida
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Departamento de Biofisica e Biometria, Laboratorio de Radiofarmacia Experimental, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil.
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