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De Rose Ghilardi F, Silva G, Vieira TM, Mota A, Bierrenbach AL, Damasceno RF, Oliveira LCD, Dias Porto Chiavegatto Filho A, Sabino E. Machine learning for predicting Chagas disease infection in rural areas of Brazil. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012026. [PMID: 38626209 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chagas disease is a severe parasitic illness that is prevalent in Latin America and often goes unaddressed. Early detection and treatment are critical in preventing the progression of the illness and its associated life-threatening complications. In recent years, machine learning algorithms have emerged as powerful tools for disease prediction and diagnosis. METHODS In this study, we developed machine learning algorithms to predict the risk of Chagas disease based on five general factors: age, gender, history of living in a mud or wooden house, history of being bitten by a triatomine bug, and family history of Chagas disease. We analyzed data from the Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study (REDS) to train five popular machine learning algorithms. The sample comprised 2,006 patients, divided into 75% for training and 25% for testing algorithm performance. We evaluated the model performance using precision, recall, and AUC-ROC metrics. RESULTS The Adaboost algorithm yielded an AUC-ROC of 0.772, a precision of 0.199, and a recall of 0.612. We simulated the decision boundary using various thresholds and observed that in this dataset a threshold of 0.45 resulted in a 100% recall. This finding suggests that employing such a threshold could potentially save 22.5% of the cost associated with mass testing of Chagas disease. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the potential of applying machine learning to improve the sensitivity and effectiveness of Chagas disease diagnosis and prevention. Furthermore, we emphasize the importance of integrating socio-demographic and environmental factors into neglected disease prediction models to enhance their performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriel Silva
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo-FSP USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thallyta Maria Vieira
- Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros-Unimontes, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ariela Mota
- Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros-Unimontes, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lea Campos de Oliveira
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical da Faculdade de Medicina da USP-IMT USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ester Sabino
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo-FMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical da Faculdade de Medicina da USP-IMT USP, São Paulo, Brazil
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Gonçalves TDS, Ursine RL, Cardozo M, Matos RLFDR, de Souza RDCM, Diotaiuti LG, Gorla DE, de Carvalho SFG, Vieira TM. Socio-environmental factors associated with the occurrence of triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in an endemic municipality in northern Minas Gerais, Brazil. Zoonoses Public Health 2024; 71:34-47. [PMID: 37792668 DOI: 10.1111/zph.13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Triatomines are the vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease. The study aimed to evaluate the association between sociodemographic and environmental factors, and changes in land use and cover, with the occurrence and abundance of triatomines by census sectors in an endemic municipality of northern Minas Gerais, Brazil. The study was conducted in Montes Claros, located in the north of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The entomological data used in the study were collected by active surveillance in the rural area from 2015 to 2019 and by passive surveillance in the urban area from 2009 to 2019. Data on sociodemographic and environmental factors and changes in land use and land cover were obtained from the urban and rural census sectors. A total of 1404 triatomines, belonging to eight species, were captured in domiciles in the rural area (2015-2019) and 277 triatomines in domiciles in the urban area (2009-2019) of the municipality of Montes Claros. The variables the number of domiciles, household economic income, pavement, NDVI, deforestation, unchanged, and anthropic proved to be positively associated with the occurrence and/or number of triatomines in census sectors, within the models. The occurrence of triatomines in the domestic environment of the municipality of Montes Claros should be considered a public health problem, as it suggests a potential risk of establishment and transmission of T. cruzi to domestic animals, farm animals, and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renata Luiz Ursine
- Health Science Programme, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - Miriam Cardozo
- Institute of Biological and Technological Research, CONICET and Córdoba National University, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - David Eladio Gorla
- Institute of Animal Diversity and Ecology, CONICET and National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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de Souza NN, Ursine RL, Cruz DS, Xavier EDMS, Queiroz LDRP, Falcão LAD, de Araújo WS, Gontijo CMF, Melo MN, Vieira TM. Leishmania species infection of bats: A systematic review. Acta Trop 2023; 248:107025. [PMID: 37769863 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
A wide variety of mammals, including domestic and wild species, have been considered potential hosts and reservoirs for Leishmania. Bats have longevity, dispersal capacity, and adaptability to synotropic environments, characteristics that may favor their role in maintaining the life cycle of parasites. Therefore, the objective of this study was to carry out a worldwide systematic review of the occurrence of Leishmania species in bats, as well as to identify associations between eating habits and the type of sample collected with the occurrence of the infection. Data were obtained from a bibliographic search for studies that used molecular methods to identify parasites, employing the keywords "bats" AND "Leishmania" and their synonyms. We found 68 original studies, of which 20 were included in this review. Most studies were conducted in Brazil (60 %) and only 10 % were conducted in Old World countries. In all, 48 bat species were recorded that hosted seven Leishmania species, resulting in 62 different host-parasite interactions, and the Leishmania infantum interaction with bat species presented higher frequency. There was no significant difference between Leishmania species richness, infection percentage, and type of sample analyzed, but in general, it is observed that the use of different biological samples seems to expand the possibility of parasite detection. The patterns observed here indicate that bats can become infected with a wide variety of Leishmania species and likely play an important role in maintaining the parasite's life cycle. Thus, we suggest that studies aimed at understanding the transmission cycle of leishmaniasis include the investigation of bats as potential hosts or reservoirs of Leishmania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núbia Nunes de Souza
- Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros C.P. 39401-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Renata Luiz Ursine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina C.P. 39.100 - 000, Brazil
| | - Dardiane Santos Cruz
- Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros C.P. 39401-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Lorena Dos Reis Pereira Queiroz
- Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros C.P. 39401-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Dolabela Falcão
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais C.P. 39401-002, Brazil
| | - Walter Santos de Araújo
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais C.P. 39401-002, Brazil
| | - Célia Maria Ferreira Gontijo
- Research Group on Leishmaniasis, Research Center René Rachou, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria Norma Melo
- Department of Parasitology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thallyta Maria Vieira
- Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros C.P. 39401-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais C.P. 39401-002, Brazil
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Rafael AF, Ferreira RA, Mota AF, Damasceno RF, Menezes ASDS, Lopes BT, de Paulo GL, Sabino EC, Ribeiro ALP, Quintino ND, Vieira TM. Overview of Chagas disease surveillance in an endemic region in Southeastern Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2023; 65:e51. [PMID: 37820247 PMCID: PMC10564458 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202365051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) is a neglected disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. It has high morbidity and mortality rates and mainly affects socially vulnerable populations. This is a cross-sectional study, with retrospective and prospective data collection. Using questionnaires applied to environmental surveillance coordinators, we characterized the status of CD surveillance activities in municipalities endemic for the disease in Northern Minas Gerais State (MG) and Jequitinhonha Valley (Vale do Jequitinhonha). Moreover, we spatialized the vulnerability index for chronic CD in the study area. The population consisted of 22 environmental surveillance coordinators, active in 2020, from Northern MG and Jequitinhonha Valley, 21 municipalities included in the SaMi-Trop research project, and Montes Claros municipality. After applying the questionnaires to the coordinators, a descriptive analysis of the variables was performed. To characterize the active municipalities, the explanatory variables collected in the questionnaire were compared with the dichotomous variable. Bivariate descriptive analysis was performed. Finally, geoprocessing techniques were used to spatialize the data and prepare maps. Regarding the team of endemic combat agents (ECA), 90.9% reported the lack of a specific team for CD vector control actions. Of the 22 municipalities participating in this study, nine were active (41.1%). Only 25% (n=2) of active municipalities (9% of the municipalities studied) met the target of visiting 50% of households per year. Finally, 81.1% of the coordinators stated that in their municipality, they developed actions linked to primary health care (PHC). The implementation of CD surveillance activities weakened in the endemic region. Few municipalities have a surveillance team, with low regularity of active surveillance and noncompliance with the program's goal. The results suggest insufficient recording of activities in the information system, considering that there are municipalities that report performing the activities, but no production record was observed in the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Ferreira Rafael
- Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raquel Aparecida Ferreira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto René Rachou, Grupo de Pesquisa Triatomíneos, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ariela Ferreira Mota
- Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Renata Fiúza Damasceno
- Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gustavo Libério de Paulo
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Geociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Análise e Modelagem de Sistemas Ambientais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ester Cerdeira Sabino
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antônio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Thallyta Maria Vieira
- Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Ursine RL, Rocha MF, Neto FC, Leite ME, Dolabela Falcão L, Gorla DE, de Carvalho SFG, Vieira TM. Influence of anthropic changes and environmental characteristics on the occurrence of Tegumentary Leishmaniasis in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil, between 2012 and 2019. Acta Trop 2023; 238:106787. [PMID: 36462530 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This is an ecological study that investigated the influence of environmental, socioeconomic characteristics and changes in land use and cover on the occurrence of Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (TL) in the city of Montes Claros. The relationships between the number of cases of TL, which occurred between 2012 and 2019, in each census sector and the standardized covariates (Number of properties, altitude, Brazilian Deprivation Index, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), proportion of sector (PS) deforested, PS that underwent other anthropic alterations and unaltered PS) were evaluated with ecological Bayesian Models. Four multivariate models were constructed, with similar quality of adjustments, but Model 1 was the most parsimonious. Model 1 revealed that for each one-unit increase of standard deviation (SD) in the log of the number of properties, at the altitude and root of the deforested PS, corresponds to an increase of 44%, 34% and 24.5% in the number of cases of TL, respectively. The variable NDVI, included in models 3 and 4, was positively associated with the increase in the number of TL cases, being that for each one-unit increase in the NDVI was verified an increase of 21.3% and 20.2% respectively in the models. This study showed that the spatial distribution of TL cases in the city of Montes Claros occurs in a heterogeneous way and our findings support the hypothesis that socio-environmental characteristics and deforestation influence the occurrence of this disease in the studied area. Thus, these factors must be considered for the development of disease control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Luiz Ursine
- Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, C.P. 39401-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, C.P. 39.100 - 000, Brazil.
| | - Marília Fonseca Rocha
- Department of Mental Health and Health collective, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, C.P. 39401-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Esdras Leite
- Department of Geography, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil, C.P. 39401-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Dolabela Falcão
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. C.P. 39401-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - David Eladio Gorla
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Grupo de Ecologia y Control de Vectores, Instituto de Diversidad y Ecologia Animal, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
| | | | - Thallyta Maria Vieira
- Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, C.P. 39401-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. C.P. 39401-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Damasceno RF, Sabino EC, Ribeiro ALP, Ferreira AM, de Oliveira-da Silva LC, Oliveira CDL, Cardoso CS, Vieira TM, Haikal DSA. Failure to use health services by people with Chagas disease: Multilevel analysis of endemic area in Brazil. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010785. [PMID: 36121849 PMCID: PMC9522310 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of non-use of health services in the last year by people with Chagas disease (CD) in an endemic area in Brazil and the contextual and individual factors associated with this non-use. This is a multilevel study that considered contextual and individual data. Contextual data were collected from official publicly accessible databases of the Brazilian government, at the municipal level. The individual data came from the first follow-up of a Brazilian cohort that assessed patients with CD in 21 municipalities in endemic area for the disease. The sample consisted of 1,160 individuals with CD. The dependent variable "use of health services in the last year" was categorized as yes vs. no. The analysis was performed using Poisson regression with robust variance. The prevalence of non-use of health services in the last year was 23.5% (IC95%: 21.1-25.9). The contextual factor "larger population" (PR: 1.6; 95% CI = 1.2-2.0) and individual factors related to the lower severity of the disease as a functional class without limitations (PR: 1.6; 95% CI = 1.2-2.1) and unaltered N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide levels (PR: 2.2; 95% CI = 1.3-3.6) increased the prevalence of non-use of the health service in the last year by people with CD. The results of this study showed that individual determinants are not isolated protagonists of the non-use of health services in the last year by people with CD, which reinforces the need for public policies that consider the contextual determinants of the use of health services by populations affected by the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Fiúza Damasceno
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ariela Mota Ferreira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Cláudia Di Lorenzo Oliveira
- Federal University of São João del-Rey, Research Group in Epidemiology and New Technologies in Health–Centro Oeste Campus, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Clareci Silva Cardoso
- Federal University of São João del-Rey, Research Group in Epidemiology and New Technologies in Health–Centro Oeste Campus, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thallyta Maria Vieira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Desirée Sant’ Ana Haikal
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Ferreira AM, Sabino EC, Silva LCDOD, Oliveira CDL, Cardoso CS, Ribeiro ALP, Damasceno RF, Leite SF, Vieira TM, Nunes MDCP, Haikal DSA. Contextual influence on poor self-rated health in patients with Chagas disease: multilevel study. Cien Saude Colet 2022; 27:2827-2842. [PMID: 35730850 PMCID: PMC9306011 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232022277.01682022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) is recognized by the World Health Organization as one of the thirteen most neglected tropical diseases in the world. Self-perceived health is considered a better predictor of mortality than objective measures of health status, and the context in which one lives influences this predictor. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and individual and contextual factors associated with poor self-rated health among CD patients from an endemic region in Brazil. It is a multilevel cross-sectional study. The individual data come from a cross-section of a cohort study named SaMi-Trop. Contextual data was collected from publicly accessible institutional information systems and platforms. The dependent variable was self-perceived health. The analysis was performed using multilevel binary logistic regression. The study included 1,513 patients with CD, where 335 (22.1%) had Poor self-rated health. This study revealed the influence of the organization/offer of the Brazilian public health service and of individual characteristics on the self-perceived health of patients with CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariela Mota Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros. Av. Prof. Rui Braga s/n, Vila Mauriceia. 39401-089 Montes Claros MG Brasil
| | - Ester Cerdeira Sabino
- LIM46, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo SP Brasil
| | | | - Cláudia Di Lorenzo Oliveira
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Epidemiologia e Novas Tecnologias em Saúde, Campus CCO, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei. Divinópolis MG Brasil
| | - Clareci Silva Cardoso
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Epidemiologia e Novas Tecnologias em Saúde, Campus CCO, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei. Divinópolis MG Brasil
| | | | - Renata Fiúza Damasceno
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros. Av. Prof. Rui Braga s/n, Vila Mauriceia. 39401-089 Montes Claros MG Brasil
| | - Sâmara Fernandes Leite
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros. Av. Prof. Rui Braga s/n, Vila Mauriceia. 39401-089 Montes Claros MG Brasil
| | - Thallyta Maria Vieira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros. Av. Prof. Rui Braga s/n, Vila Mauriceia. 39401-089 Montes Claros MG Brasil
| | | | - Desirée Sant’ Ana Haikal
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros. Av. Prof. Rui Braga s/n, Vila Mauriceia. 39401-089 Montes Claros MG Brasil
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Campos MCOA, Gonçalves TDS, Ursine RL, Marinho SDSB, Rodríguez Moreno A, Diotaiuti LG, Damasceno RF, Ferreira AM, Ribeiro ALP, Sabino EC, Vieira TM. Occurrence and spatial distribution of triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in the urban area of the municipality of Montes Claros, Northern Minas Gerais, Brazil. Zoonoses Public Health 2022; 69:83-94. [PMID: 34825495 PMCID: PMC10787537 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The north of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais is classified as an area of high risk of vectorial transmission of Chagas disease (CD) or of reestablishing transmission in the home, but the Chagas disease control programme is disjointed. The study evaluated the occurrence, natural infection and the spatial distribution of species of triatomines associated with climatic variations in the urban area of Montes Claros, a municipality endemic to CD in the north of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Triatomine data were obtained from passive entomological surveillance actions of the Chagas Disease Control Program (Programa de Controle de Doença de Chagas-PCDCh), registered by the Zoonosis Control Center (Centro de Controle de Zoonoses-CCZ) from 2009 to 2019. A total of 277 triatomines belonging to eight species were collected, and of these, 203 insects were examined. It was found that 46.2% of triatomines were captured inside the home and 8.3% around the home. The natural infection rate was 6.9%; 14 specimens showed natural infection by Trypanosoma cruzi (12 females and 2 males), and of these, 13 were found in the home and one in an uninformed location. The number of triatomine records collected was significantly higher in the month of September (p = .01), and there was an inverse correlation between the number of triatomines and the relative humidity of the air (p < .001). It was verified that the highest triatomine densities are located in transition areas between urban infrastructure (32.12%) and pasture (25.72%). The diversity of species of triatomines infected with T. cruzi in residential units in urban areas in the municipality of Montes Claros is worrying, as it suggests a potential risk of transmission of the parasite to domestic animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Renata Luiz Ursine
- Health Science Programme, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Ariela Mota Ferreira
- Health Science Programme, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Brazil
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Cruz DS, Souza NND, Rafael AF, Damasceno RF, Ribeiro ALP, Oliveira LCD, Sabino EC, Ghilardi FDR, Cruz Neto OC, Ferreira AM, Haikal DS, Cardoso CS, Oliveira CDL, Bierrenbach AL, Vieira TM. Serological screening for Chagas disease in an endemic region of Northern Minas Gerais, Brazil: the SaMi-Trop project. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2021; 63:e67. [PMID: 34495264 PMCID: PMC8428852 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202163067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) is still a neglected disease. Infected individuals are
diagnosed late, being treated in worse clinical conditions. Thus, this study
aimed to analyze the prevalence and the factors associated with new confirmed
cases of CD identified by serological screening in an endemic region of Minas
Gerais State, Brazil. This is an analytical cross-sectional study with data from
a project of the Research Center in Tropical Medicine of Sao Paulo- Minas Gerais
(SaMi-Trop) conducted in two municipalities. Data collection included a
questionnaire with closed questions, a venous blood collection and an ELISA
serological test for CD. A total of 2,038 individuals with no previous diagnosis
of CD participated in the study. The result of the serological test for CD was
adopted as the dependent variable. The independent variables addressed personal
issues, health conditions and lifetime housing. A descriptive analysis of
individual variables was performed. Subsequently, a bivariate analysis was
performed using the Pearson’s chi-square test. Households sheltering individuals
positive for CD were georeferenced, and the analysis of spatial distribution was
performed using the quartic function to estimate the density of the nucleus.
Among the participants, 188 (9.2 %) were positive for CD. The profile of
participants with CD was associated with place of residence, age,
relative/family member with CD and living conditions. It is noteworthy that
there are still patients with CD who are unaware of their diagnosis in both,
rural and urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dardiane Santos Cruz
- Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Núbia Nunes de Souza
- Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Aline Ferreira Rafael
- Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Renata Fiuza Damasceno
- Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Léa Campos de Oliveira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Laboratório de Medicina Laboratorial (LIM 03), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ester Cerdeira Sabino
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio de Rose Ghilardi
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ariela Mota Ferreira
- Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Desirée Sant'Ana Haikal
- Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana Luiza Bierrenbach
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thallyta Maria Vieira
- Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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10
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Ferreira ACR, Vieira TM, Custódio DADC, Melo MN, Gontijo CMF, Lage AP, Dorneles EMS. Cross-sectional study on Brucella spp., Leptospira spp. and Salmonella spp. in bats from Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2021; 78:101692. [PMID: 34352638 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2021.101692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The understanding on the role of bats in the ecology of zoonotic diseases, especially its relevance as a carrier of pathogens, is important for the determination of preventive measures considering the One Health context. The present study aimed to investigate the presence of Brucella spp., Leptospira spp. and Salmonella spp. in blood (n = 163), liver (n = 35) and spleen (n = 62) samples from bats captured in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Only Salmonella spp. was found in a blood sample of an insectivorous female bat of the species Lasiurus blossevilli, evidencing the capacity of this animal species to host this pathogen. In conclusion, our results in bats from Montes Claros indicate that they do not act as hosts for Brucella spp. and Leptospira spp., although being potential carriers of Salmonella spp. in a low prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Carvalho Rosado Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Lavras, UFLA, Campus Universitário, Caixa Postal 3037, 37200-900, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Thallyta Maria Vieira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Unimontes, Campus Universitário Prof. Darcy Ribeiro, Caixa Postal 126, 39401-089, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil; Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Campus Pampulha, Caixa Postal 486, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Grupo de Pesquisa em Leishmanioses, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Caixa Postal 1743, 30190-009, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Dircéia Aparecida da Costa Custódio
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Lavras, UFLA, Campus Universitário, Caixa Postal 3037, 37200-900, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria Norma Melo
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Campus Pampulha, Caixa Postal 486, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Célia Maria Ferreira Gontijo
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Leishmanioses, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Caixa Postal 1743, 30190-009, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Andrey Pereira Lage
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Campus Pampulha, Caixa Postal 567, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Elaine Maria Seles Dorneles
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Lavras, UFLA, Campus Universitário, Caixa Postal 3037, 37200-900, Lavras, MG, Brazil.
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11
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Ursine RL, Rocha MF, Sousa JFD, Santos RCD, Soares MD, Gusmão MSF, Leite ME, Vieira TM. American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis in an endemic municipality in the North of Minas Gerais State: spatial analysis and socio-environmental factors. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2021; 63:e2. [PMID: 33503150 PMCID: PMC7816867 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202163002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) is endemic in the municipality of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais State. The use of geotechnology such as spatial statistics and remote sensing has contributed to a better understanding of the eco-epidemiology of diseases, and consequently a better definition of control strategies. This study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of probable sites of cases of ATL infection (2007-2011) in the municipality of Montes Claros and to identify related socio-environmental factors. Data on ATL cases notification were obtained from the Municipal Health Department of Montes Claros. The annual incidence of ATL in the municipality was calculated and the probable sites of infection were georeferenced. Crude Rate and the Local Empirical Bayesian Rate were calculated with census sectors considered as the unit of analysis. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was calculated from LANDSAT 5 TM images. The spatial association between the crude rate of ATL and the NDVI of the census tracts was evaluated using the Local Bivariate of Moran I. The socio-environmental aspects of household structures were assessed based on a structured questionnaire. The incidence of ATL in the evaluated period ranged from 6.2 to 16.6 cases/100,000 inhabitants. The highest rates of ATL occurrence were found in the census sectors located in the rural area and in the peripheral census sectors in the city. Through the Empirical Bayes Smoothed Rate map, it was found that in the peripheral areas of the city, the rates of ATL occurrence were lower than in the rural area and their values decreased as they approach the city center. Local Bivariate of Moran I showed a positive correlation between NDVI and crude ATL rates, with significant high-high clusters observed in the rural area and in the census sectors in the Western peripheral area of the city that have experienced an urban expansion concomitant to the period investigated. In most homes of people affected by the disease, there were domestic animals and organic matter in the peridomicile. In addition, a high percentage of individuals affected by ATL reported the presence of rodents circulating near their homes. In conclusion, it is possible that the disorderly expansion process in the city of Montes Claros favored the establishment of the ATL periurban and urban transmission cycle. These regions deserve special attention from health surveillance to combat this zoonosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Luiz Ursine
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marília Fonseca Rocha
- Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros. Departamento de Saúde Mental e Saúde Coletiva, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Prefeitura Municipal de Montes Claros. Centro de Controle de Zoonoses, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Joel Fontes de Sousa
- Prefeitura Municipal de Montes Claros. Centro de Controle de Zoonoses, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Cardoso Dos Santos
- Prefeitura Municipal de Montes Claros. Centro de Controle de Zoonoses, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dias Soares
- Prefeitura Municipal de Montes Claros. Centro de Controle de Zoonoses, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria Suely Fernandes Gusmão
- Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Prefeitura Municipal de Montes Claros, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcos Esdras Leite
- Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thallyta Maria Vieira
- Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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12
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de Araújo WS, Vieira TM, de Souza GA, Bezerra IC, Corgosinho PHC, Borges MAZ. Nocturnal Mosquitoes of Pará State in the Brazilian Amazon: Species Composition, Habitat Segregation, and Seasonal Variation. J Med Entomol 2020; 57:1913-1919. [PMID: 32484514 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) are one of the most important disease vector species in the world. Many species have a high degree of anthropophilia and are often found in human habitations. In the present study, we have inventoried the nocturnal mosquito assemblage in intra-, peri-, and extradomicile environments in four municipalities in Pará, Brazil. At each municipality, a residence was selected and the mosquitoes were sampled using the protected human attraction capture and Shannon trap methods in April (rainy season) and August 2018 (dry season). We have collected a total of 696 mosquito specimens belonging to 8 genera and 17 species. The most abundant species were Mansonia (Mansonoides) titillans (Walker) (366/696, 52.6%), Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) albitarsis Lynch-Arribálzaga (97/696, 13.9%), and Culex (Culex) quinquefasciatus Say (93/696, 13.4%). Mosquito richness, abundance, and composition did not differ between intra-, peri-, and extradomicile environments suggesting limited habitat segregation among the different species. However, mosquito species richness and mosquito species abundance were significantly higher during the rainy season than during the dry season, suggesting increased mosquito activity during the rainy season. We detected several important vector species of human diseases including Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus), Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) darlingi Root, Haemagogus (Conopostegus) leucocelaenus (Dyar and Shannon), Coquillettidia (Coquillettidia) venezuelensis (Theobald), and Culex (Culex) quinquefasciatus which are the main transmitters of dengue, malaria, yellow fever, mayaro, and oropouche fever, respectively. As inventories of disease-carrying mosquitoes in the region are very scarce, mainly in residential environments, our results suggest high potential for mosquito-borne disease transmission in Pará State.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Santos de Araújo
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thallyta Maria Vieira
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Antunes de Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Uso dos Recursos Naturais, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Isaque Clementino Bezerra
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Norte de Minas Gerais, Januária, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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13
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Pinto TP, Gazzoni M, Botter A, Vieira TM. Does the amplitude of biceps brachii M waves increase similarly in both limbs during staircase, electrically elicited contractions? Physiol Meas 2018; 39:085005. [PMID: 30039799 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/aad57c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Humans usually tend to control more finely muscle force production in dominant than non-dominant upper limbs. It is well established that motor unit recruitment is a key mechanism by which muscle force is controlled, and we hypothesized that a relatively smaller number of motor units may be recruited in muscles of dominant than non-dominant limbs for any given increase in synaptic input. Hence, we investigated peripheral properties of dominant and non-dominant biceps brachii through the analysis of M-wave responses to incremental electrical stimulation. APPROACH Current pulses at progressively greater intensities were applied in the proximal region of biceps brachii of 16 subjects while surface electromyograms were recorded with a grid of electrodes in the distal region. M-wave amplitude was averaged across channels and normalized with respect to the maximum amplitude value, separately for each stimulation intensity and limb. Amplitude-current intensity curves were interpolated to provide an equal number of stimulation levels between limbs. Differences between dominant and non-dominant arms were assessed through the average increase in M-wave amplitude for consecutive stimulation intensities (increments). MAIN RESULTS Wilcoxon's signed-rank test showed that increments in the M-wave amplitude were significantly smaller (p = 0.017) in dominant than non-dominant biceps brachii. SIGNIFICANCE The results suggest that there was a more gradual recruitment of motor units in biceps brachii of dominant than non-dominant arms. This is in agreement with the hypothesis of a broader spectrum of motor unit recruitment thresholds in the dominant arm, which may contribute to a finer regulation of force production.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Pinto
- PoliToBIOMed Laboratory, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Turin, Italy
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14
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Sabino-Santos G, Maia FGM, Martins RB, Gagliardi TB, Souza WMD, Muylaert RL, Luna LKDS, Melo DM, Cardoso RDS, Barbosa NDS, Pontelli MC, Mamani-Zapana PR, Vieira TM, Melo NM, Jonsson CB, Goodin D, Salazar-Bravo J, daSilva LLP, Arruda E, Figueiredo LTM. Natural infection of Neotropical bats with hantavirus in Brazil. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9018. [PMID: 29899544 PMCID: PMC5998146 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27442-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bats (Order: Chiroptera) harbor a high diversity of emerging pathogens presumably because their ability to fly and social behavior favor the maintenance, evolution, and dissemination of these pathogens. Until 2012, there was only one report of the presence of Hantavirus in bats. Historically, it was thought that these viruses were harbored primarily by rodent and insectivore small mammals. Recently, new species of hantaviruses have been identified in bats from Africa and Asia continents expanding the potential reservoirs and range of these viruses. To assess the potential of Neotropical bats as hosts for hantaviruses and its transmission dynamics in nature, we tested 53 bats for active hantaviral infection from specimens collected in Southeastern Brazil. Part of the hantaviral S segment was amplified from the frugivorous Carollia perspicillata and the common vampire bat Desmodus rotundus. DNA sequencing showed high similarity with the genome of Araraquara orthohantavirus (ARQV), which belongs to one of the more lethal hantavirus clades (Andes orthohantavirus). ARQV-like infection was detected in the blood, urine, and organs of D. rotundus. Therefore, we describe a systemic infection in Neotropical bats by a human pathogenic Hantavirus. We also propose here a schematic transmission dynamics of hantavirus in the study region. Our results give insights to new, under-appreciated questions that need to be addressed in future studies to clarify hantavirus transmission in nature and avoid hantavirus outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Sabino-Santos
- Center for Virology Research, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Gonçalves Motta Maia
- Center for Virology Research, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Bragança Martins
- Center for Virology Research, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Talita Bianca Gagliardi
- Center for Virology Research, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - William Marciel de Souza
- Center for Virology Research, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | - Danilo Machado Melo
- Center for Virology Research, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Ricardo de Souza Cardoso
- Center for Virology Research, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Natalia da Silva Barbosa
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Marjorie Cornejo Pontelli
- Center for Virology Research, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Thallyta Maria Vieira
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Norma Maria Melo
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Colleen B Jonsson
- Department of Microbiology, National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Douglas Goodin
- Department of Geography, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Jorge Salazar-Bravo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Luis Lamberti Pinto daSilva
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Eurico Arruda
- Center for Virology Research, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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15
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Pollock CL, Carpenter MG, Hunt MA, Gallina A, Vieira TM, Ivanova TD, Garland SJ. Physiological arousal accompanying postural responses to external perturbations after stroke. Clin Neurophysiol 2017; 128:935-944. [PMID: 28407522 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine simultaneously the level of physiological arousal and the postural response to external perturbations in people post-stroke compared to age-matched controls to build a more comprehensive understanding of the effect of stroke on postural control and balance self-efficacy. METHODS Participants stood with each foot on separate force platforms. Ten applications of loads of 2% body weight at the hips perturbed the participant anteriorly under two conditions: investigator-triggered or self-triggered (total 20). Electrodermal activity (EDA; measurement of physiological arousal), electromyography (EMG) of the ankle plantarflexor muscles and anterior-posterior center of pressure measurements were taken pre-perturbation (anticipatory) and post-perturbation (response) and compared between the initial (first two) and final (last two) perturbations. RESULTS Participants post-stroke demonstrated significantly higher levels of anticipatory EDA and anticipatory paretic plantarflexor EMG during both self- and investigator-triggered conditions compared to controls. Anticipatory EDA levels were higher in the final perturbations in participants post-stroke in both conditions, but not in controls. Habituation of the EDA responses post-perturbation was exhibited in the self-triggered perturbations in controls, but not in participants post-stroke. CONCLUSIONS Physiological arousal and postural control strategies of controls revealed habituation in response to self-triggered perturbations, whereas this was not seen in participants post-stroke. SIGNIFICANCE Understanding the physiological arousal response to challenges to standing balance post-stroke furthers our understanding of postural control mechanisms post-stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Pollock
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - M G Carpenter
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - M A Hunt
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - A Gallina
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Laboratorio di Ingegneria del Sistema Neuromuscolare (LISiN), Dipartimento di Elettronica e Telecomunicazioni, Politecnico di Torino, Italy
| | - T M Vieira
- Laboratorio di Ingegneria del Sistema Neuromuscolare (LISiN), Dipartimento di Elettronica e Telecomunicazioni, Politecnico di Torino, Italy; Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - T D Ivanova
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, Canada
| | - S J Garland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, Canada.
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16
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Vieira TM, Fonseca LD, Bastos GA, de Oliveira Vasconcelos V, Silva MLF, Morais-Costa F, de Paiva Ferreira AV, Oliveira NJFD, Duarte ER. Control of Haemonchus contortus in sheep using basidiocarps of Agaricus blazei Murril. Vet Res Commun 2017; 41:99-106. [PMID: 28144765 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-017-9677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the effects in vitro and in vivo of Agaricus blazei against Haemonchus contortus in sheep. METHODS The in vitro efficacy of aqueous extract on egg hatching inhibition (EHI) was investigated and after 72 h incubation with varying concentrations the effects on, blastomeres, embryonated eggs, and first stage larvae (L1) were evaluated. Larval development inhibition (LDI) for dry powder and the aqueous extract were evaluated in fecal cultures of sheep infected with H. contortus. In vivo efficacy was determined by reduction in fecal egg count (FEC). Lambs were treated with powder A. blazei (11.4 g/kg pc) or trichlorfon, or were untreated and the possible toxicity of this fungus was monitored by plasmatic enzyme analysis. RESULTS Concentrations equal to and higher than 3.62 mg/mL and of aqueous extract were 100% effective in the EHI test. In the LDI test, LC90 was estimated for 5.66 and 106.0 mg/g fecal culture for aqueous extract and powder, respectively. The mean FEC in lambs 14 days post-treatment with A. blazei powder was significantly lower than observed for the negative control, and the serum levels of aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase were normal. CONCLUSION The fungi supplementation promotes, respectively, high and moderate anthelmintic efficacy with in vitro and in vivo tests, respectively, suggesting it as an alternative or complementary treatment for haemonchosis in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thallyta Maria Vieira
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Avenida Dr. Ruy Braga, S/N - Vila Mauriceia, Montes Claros, MG, 39401-089, Brazil
| | - Leydiana Duarte Fonseca
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Almeida Bastos
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Universitária 1000, Bairro Universitário, Montes Claros, MG, 39400-006, Brazil
| | - Viviane de Oliveira Vasconcelos
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Avenida Dr. Ruy Braga, S/N - Vila Mauriceia, Montes Claros, MG, 39401-089, Brazil
| | - Maria Luíza França Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Universitária 1000, Bairro Universitário, Montes Claros, MG, 39400-006, Brazil
| | - Franciellen Morais-Costa
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Universitária 1000, Bairro Universitário, Montes Claros, MG, 39400-006, Brazil
| | - Adriano Vinícius de Paiva Ferreira
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Universitária 1000, Bairro Universitário, Montes Claros, MG, 39400-006, Brazil
| | - Neide Judith Faria de Oliveira
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Universitária 1000, Bairro Universitário, Montes Claros, MG, 39400-006, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Robson Duarte
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Universitária 1000, Bairro Universitário, Montes Claros, MG, 39400-006, Brazil.
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17
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Gallina A, Pollock CL, Vieira TM, Ivanova TD, Garland SJ. Between-day reliability of triceps surae responses to standing perturbations in people post-stroke and healthy controls: A high-density surface EMG investigation. Gait Posture 2016; 44:103-9. [PMID: 27004641 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The reliability of triceps surae electromyographic responses to standing perturbations in people after stroke and healthy controls is unknown. High-Density surface Electromyography (HDsEMG) is a technique that records electromyographic signals from different locations over a muscle, overcoming limitations of traditional surface EMG such as between-day differences in electrode placement. In this study, HDsEMG was used to measure responses from soleus (SOL, 18 channels) and medial and lateral gastrocnemius (MG and LG, 16 channels each) in 10 people after stroke and 10 controls. Timing and amplitude of the response were estimated for each channel of the grids. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and normalized Standard Error of Measurement (SEM%) were calculated for each channel individually (single-channel configuration) and on the median of each grid (all-channels configuration). Both timing (single-channel: ICC=0.75-0.96, SEM%=5.0-9.1; all-channels: ICC=0.85-0.97; SEM%=3.5-6.2%) and amplitude (single-channel: ICC=0.60-0.91, SEM%=25.1-46.6; ICC=0.73-0.95, SEM%=19.3-42.1) showed good-to-excellent reliability. HDsEMG provides reliable estimates of EMG responses to perturbations both in individuals after stroke and in healthy controls; reliability was marginally better for the all-channels compared to the single-channel configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gallina
- Graduate program in Rehabilitation Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Laboratorio di Ingegneria del Sistema Neuromuscolare (LISiN), Dipartimento di Elettronica e Telecomunicazioni, Politecnico di Torino, Italy
| | - C L Pollock
- Graduate program in Rehabilitation Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - T M Vieira
- Laboratorio di Ingegneria del Sistema Neuromuscolare (LISiN), Dipartimento di Elettronica e Telecomunicazioni, Politecnico di Torino, Italy; Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - T D Ivanova
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - S J Garland
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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Fonseca LD, Bastos GA, Costa MAMS, Ferreira AVDP, Silva MLF, Vieira TM, Morais-Costa F, Oliveira NJFD, Duarte ER. Effects of Aqueous Extracts of Caryocar brasiliense in Mice. ACTA SCI VET 2016. [DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.80935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Caryocar brasiliense Cambess (Caryocaraceae) is an arboreal plant native of Brasilian Cerrado and its fruit is an important source of food and income for the human population of this region. In addition to using as food, different parts of this tree have great medicinal potential as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antihelmintic. However, the active metabolites those are likely to confer these pharmacological properties healing may also be toxic dependent upon the dose and route of administration. In this quest, the aim of this study was to assess the acute toxicity of aqueous extracts of fruit peels and leaves of C. brasiliense in mice of both genders.Materials, Methods & Results: The aqueous extracts were obtained by decoction, diluted in water and filtered through membrane. The toxicity of extract of fruit peels (62.5 at 500 mg/kg of body weight (BW) and leaf extract (18.75 mg/kg bw) were evaluated in males and females mice (Mus musculus) Swiss by intraperitoneal route. For 2 control groups were administered injection water. The clinical signs and deaths were recorded up to 14 days after administration. The lethal doses for 10 (LD10) or 50 (LD50) % of population were estimated with Probit regression analysis. The Chi-square test was used to analyze differences of mortality frequencies between males and females. The groups treated with the two lower doses of both extracts completely abolished the clinical alteration between two and four hours after inoculation. The comportment of control group’s animals was normalized immediately after administration of injection water. The higher dose administered in both experiments were lethal for all animals, but the doses 250 mg/kg BW of fruit peels extract and 150 mg/kg of BW of leaves extract caused mortality of 100% just in males. However, in both experiments there were no significant differences between the mortality frequency for groups of male and female, as well the comportment of these animals when these doses were administered. Dose-dependent response was observed to mortality. The LD10 corresponded to 89.6 mg/kg BW and LD50 was 149.8 mg/kg BW for fruit peel extract. For the leaf extract , LD10 and LD50 were 33.35 and 67.01 mg/kg BW, respectively.Discussion: Aqueous extracts of the fruit peels and leaves of C. brasiliense were classified as very toxic since the LD50 ranged from 50 to 500 mg / kg BW. For both extracts, similar behavioral changes were observed. Among the secondary metabolites present in fruit peel and leaves, saponins and tannins can promote nervous symptoms. Although there are no records in the literature about animals and human orally intoxicated with any part of C. brasiliense, the development of specific studies to determine its toxicity is relevant, considering the social and ecological importance of this plant.
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Sabino-Santos G, Maia FGM, Vieira TM, de Lara Muylaert R, Lima SM, Gonçalves CB, Barroso PD, Melo MN, Jonsson CB, Goodin D, Salazar-Bravo J, Figueiredo LTM. Evidence of Hantavirus Infection Among Bats in Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2015; 93:404-6. [PMID: 26078322 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses are zoonotic viruses harbored by rodents, bats, and shrews. At present, only rodent-borne hantaviruses are associated with severe illness in humans. New species of hantaviruses have been recently identified in bats and shrews greatly expanding the potential reservoirs and ranges of these viruses. Brazil has one of the highest incidences of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in South America, hence it is critical to know what is the prevalence of hantaviruses in Brazil. Although much is known about rodent reservoirs, little is known regarding bats. We captured 270 bats from February 2012 to April 2014. Serum was screened for the presence of antibodies against a recombinant nucleoprotein (rN) of Araraquara virus (ARAQV). The prevalence of antibody to hantavirus was 9/53 with an overall seroprevalence of 17%. Previous studies have shown only insectivorous bats to harbor hantavirus; however, in our study, of the nine seropositive bats, five were frugivorous, one was carnivorous, and three were sanguivorous phyllostomid bats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Sabino-Santos
- Center for Virology Research, School of Medicine in Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Ecology, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, Brazil; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Louisville, Kentucky; Department of Microbiology, National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, Knoxville, Tennessee; Department of Geography, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Felipe Gonçalves Motta Maia
- Center for Virology Research, School of Medicine in Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Ecology, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, Brazil; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Louisville, Kentucky; Department of Microbiology, National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, Knoxville, Tennessee; Department of Geography, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Thallyta Maria Vieira
- Center for Virology Research, School of Medicine in Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Ecology, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, Brazil; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Louisville, Kentucky; Department of Microbiology, National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, Knoxville, Tennessee; Department of Geography, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Renata de Lara Muylaert
- Center for Virology Research, School of Medicine in Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Ecology, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, Brazil; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Louisville, Kentucky; Department of Microbiology, National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, Knoxville, Tennessee; Department of Geography, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Sabrina Miranda Lima
- Center for Virology Research, School of Medicine in Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Ecology, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, Brazil; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Louisville, Kentucky; Department of Microbiology, National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, Knoxville, Tennessee; Department of Geography, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Cristieli Barros Gonçalves
- Center for Virology Research, School of Medicine in Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Ecology, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, Brazil; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Louisville, Kentucky; Department of Microbiology, National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, Knoxville, Tennessee; Department of Geography, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Patricia Doerl Barroso
- Center for Virology Research, School of Medicine in Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Ecology, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, Brazil; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Louisville, Kentucky; Department of Microbiology, National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, Knoxville, Tennessee; Department of Geography, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Maria Norma Melo
- Center for Virology Research, School of Medicine in Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Ecology, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, Brazil; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Louisville, Kentucky; Department of Microbiology, National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, Knoxville, Tennessee; Department of Geography, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Colleen B Jonsson
- Center for Virology Research, School of Medicine in Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Ecology, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, Brazil; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Louisville, Kentucky; Department of Microbiology, National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, Knoxville, Tennessee; Department of Geography, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Douglas Goodin
- Center for Virology Research, School of Medicine in Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Ecology, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, Brazil; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Louisville, Kentucky; Department of Microbiology, National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, Knoxville, Tennessee; Department of Geography, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Jorge Salazar-Bravo
- Center for Virology Research, School of Medicine in Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Ecology, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, Brazil; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Louisville, Kentucky; Department of Microbiology, National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, Knoxville, Tennessee; Department of Geography, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Luiz Tadeu Moraes Figueiredo
- Center for Virology Research, School of Medicine in Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Ecology, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, Brazil; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Louisville, Kentucky; Department of Microbiology, National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, Knoxville, Tennessee; Department of Geography, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
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Vieira TM, Regitano-D'Arce MA. Ultraviolet spectrophotometric evaluation of corn oil oxidative stability during microwave heating and oven test. J Agric Food Chem 1999; 47:2203-2206. [PMID: 10794610 DOI: 10.1021/jf981033p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The effect of microwave heating on the oxidative stability of corn oil was determined by absorptivity in the UV spectrum and by peroxide and acid values. Oil samples with antioxidants BHA/BHT (1:1; 200 mg kg(-)(1)), with and without citric acid, were heated in a microwave oven (800 W, 2450 MHz) for 0-36 min. Absorptivity at 232 and 270 nm increased during microwave exposure. Control values of absorptivity at 232 nm increased from 3.568 to 12.874 after 36 min of heating. Peroxide value showed a significant difference in the initial stage of heating (0-6 min), but after this time, the peroxide value decreased due to the instability of hydroperoxides at high temperatures. Control 232 nm absorptivities after 6 days in the oven test were similar to those after 32-36 min of microwave heating. Effective antioxidants in the oven test did not show any protection during microwave heating. UV spectrophotometry is a suitable tool for microwave oxidation monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Vieira
- ESALQ, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Vieira TM, Matheus G. [Morphometric determination of changes in mastocyte population in cutaneous wound granulation tissue in hypothyroid and parotidectomized rats]. Arq Cent Estud Curso Odontol 1988; 25-26:22-7. [PMID: 3275170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The authors have done a morphometric study by determination of mastocyte population of cutaneous wound's granulation tissue of parotidectomized rats and rats which were submitted to daily administration of 25 mg of 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (hypothyroid). The animals were sacrificed after four, eight and 12 post-operative days. The results analysis permitted to observe a statistically significant diminution of mastocyte population in the hypothyroid and parotidectomized animals granulation tissue in the fourth and 12th postsurgical days.
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