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Ehret M, Kochetkov Y, Abe Y, Law KFF, Bukharskii N, Stepanischev V, Fujioka S, d'Humières E, Zielbauer B, Bagnoud V, Schaumann G, Somekawa T, Roth M, Tikhonchuk V, Santos JJ, Korneev P. Kilotesla plasmoid formation by a trapped relativistic laser beam. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:045211. [PMID: 36397600 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.045211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A strong quasistationary magnetic field is generated in hollow targets with curved internal surface under the action of a relativistically intense picosecond laser pulse. Experimental data evidence the formation of quasistationary strongly magnetized plasma structures decaying on a hundred picoseconds timescale, with the magnetic field strength of the kilotesla scale. Numerical simulations unravel the importance of transient processes during the magnetic field generation and suggest the existence of fast and slow regimes of plasmoid evolution depending on the interaction parameters. The proposed setup is suited for perspective highly magnetized plasma application and fundamental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ehret
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), UMR 5107, Talence, France
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Yu Kochetkov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Y Abe
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Japan
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Japan
| | - K F F Law
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Japan
| | - N Bukharskii
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - V Stepanischev
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - S Fujioka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Japan
| | - E d'Humières
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), UMR 5107, Talence, France
| | - B Zielbauer
- Plasma Physik/PHELIX, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - V Bagnoud
- Plasma Physik/PHELIX, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - G Schaumann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - T Somekawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Japan
- Institute for Laser Technology, 1-8-4 Utsubohonmachi, Osaka 550-0004, Japan
| | - M Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - V Tikhonchuk
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), UMR 5107, Talence, France
- ELI-Beamlines, Institute of Physics Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolní Břežany, Czech Republic
| | - J J Santos
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), UMR 5107, Talence, France
| | - Ph Korneev
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russian Federation
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation
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2
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Begishev IA, Bagnoud V, Bahk SW, Bittle WA, Brent G, Cuffney R, Dorrer C, Froula DH, Haberberger D, Mileham C, Nilson PM, Okishev AV, Shaw JL, Shoup MJ, Stillman CR, Stoeckl C, Turnbull D, Wager B, Zuegel JD, Bromage J. Advanced laser development and plasma-physics studies on the multiterawatt laser. Appl Opt 2021; 60:11104-11124. [PMID: 35201099 DOI: 10.1364/ao.443548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The multiterawatt (MTW) laser, built initially as the prototype front end for a petawatt laser system, is a 1053 nm hybrid system with gain from optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification (OPCPA) and Nd:glass. Compressors and target chambers were added, making MTW a complete laser facility (output energy up to 120 J, pulse duration from 20 fs to 2.8 ns) for studying high-energy-density physics and developing short-pulse laser technologies and target diagnostics. Further extensions of the laser support ultrahigh-intensity laser development of an all-OPCPA system and a Raman plasma amplifier. A short summary of the variety of scientific experiments conducted on MTW is also presented.
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3
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Ohland JB, Zobus Y, Eisenbarth U, Zielbauer B, Reemts D, Bagnoud V. Alignment procedure for off-axis-parabolic telescopes in the context of high-intensity laser beam transport. Opt Express 2021; 29:34378-34393. [PMID: 34809230 DOI: 10.1364/oe.439658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Off-axis parabolic telescopes are rarely used in high-intensity, high-energy lasers, despite their favorable properties for beam transport such as achromatism, low aberrations and the ability to handle high peak intensities. One of the major reasons for this is the alignment procedure which is commonly viewed as complicated and time consuming. In this article, we revisit off-axis parabolic telescopes in the context of beam transport in high-intensity laser systems and present a corresponding analytical model. Based on that, we propose a suitable setup that enables fast and repeatable alignment for everyday operation.
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4
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Zimmer M, Scheuren S, Ebert T, Schaumann G, Schmitz B, Hornung J, Bagnoud V, Rödel C, Roth M. Analysis of laser-proton acceleration experiments for development of empirical scaling laws. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:045210. [PMID: 34781535 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.045210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Numerous experiments on laser-driven proton acceleration in the MeV range have been performed with a large variety of laser parameters since its discovery around the year 2000. Both experiments and simulations have revealed that protons are accelerated up to a maximum cut-off energy during this process. Several attempts have been made to find a universal model for laser proton acceleration in the target normal sheath acceleration regime. While these models can qualitatively explain most experimental findings, they can hardly be used as predictive models, for example, for the energy cut-off of accelerated protons, as many of the underlying parameters are often unknown. Here we analyze experiments on laser proton acceleration in which scans of laser and target parameters were performed. We derive empirical scaling laws from these parameter scans and combine them in a scaling law for the proton energy cut-off that incorporates the laser pulse energy, the laser pulse duration, the focal spot radius, and the target thickness. Using these scaling laws, we give examples for predicting the proton energy cut-off and conversion efficiency for state-of-the-art laser systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zimmer
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstr. 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - S Scheuren
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstr. 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - T Ebert
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstr. 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - G Schaumann
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstr. 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B Schmitz
- Institute for Accelerator Science and Electromagnetic Fields, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstr. 8, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J Hornung
- GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Fürstengraben 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - V Bagnoud
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstr. 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - C Rödel
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstr. 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Roth
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstr. 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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5
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Bailly-Grandvaux M, Kawahito D, McGuffey C, Strehlow J, Edghill B, Wei MS, Alexander N, Haid A, Brabetz C, Bagnoud V, Hollinger R, Capeluto MG, Rocca JJ, Beg FN. Ion acceleration from microstructured targets irradiated by high-intensity picosecond laser pulses. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:021201. [PMID: 32942368 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.021201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Structures on the front surface of thin foil targets for laser-driven ion acceleration have been proposed to increase the ion source maximum energy and conversion efficiency. While structures have been shown to significantly boost the proton acceleration from pulses of moderate-energy fluence, their performance on tightly focused and high-energy lasers remains unclear. Here, we report the results of laser-driven three-dimensional (3D)-printed microtube targets, focusing on their efficacy for ion acceleration. Using the high-contrast (∼10^{12}) PHELIX laser (150J, 10^{21}W/cm^{2}), we studied the acceleration of ions from 1-μm-thick foils covered with micropillars or microtubes, which we compared with flat foils. The front-surface structures significantly increased the conversion efficiency from laser to light ions, with up to a factor of 5 higher proton number with respect to a flat target, albeit without an increase of the cutoff energy. An optimum diameter was found for the microtube targets. Our findings are supported by a systematic particle-in-cell modeling investigation of ion acceleration using 2D simulations with various structure dimensions. Simulations reproduce the experimental data with good agreement, including the observation of the optimum tube diameter, and reveal that the laser is shuttered by the plasma filling the tubes, explaining why the ion cutoff energy was not increased in this regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bailly-Grandvaux
- Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - D Kawahito
- Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - C McGuffey
- Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - J Strehlow
- Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - B Edghill
- Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - M S Wei
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - N Alexander
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - A Haid
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - C Brabetz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt 64291, Germany
| | - V Bagnoud
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt 64291, Germany
| | - R Hollinger
- Physics Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - M G Capeluto
- Physics Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.,Departamento de Física, FCEyN, UBA and IFIBA, CONICET, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J J Rocca
- Physics Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - F N Beg
- Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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6
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Tahir NA, Neumayer P, Lomonosov IV, Shutov A, Bagnoud V, Piriz AR, Piriz SA, Deutsch C. Studies of equation of state properties of high-energy-density matter generated by intense ion beams at the facility for antiprotons and ion research. Phys Rev E 2020; 101:023202. [PMID: 32168599 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.101.023202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The work presented in this paper shows with the help of two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations that intense heavy-ion beams are a very efficient tool to induce high energy density (HED) states in solid matter. These simulations have been carried out using a computer code BIG2 that is based on a Godunov-type numerical algorithm. This code includes ion beam energy deposition using the cold stopping model, which is a valid approximation for the temperature range accessed in these simulations. Different phases of matter achieved due to the beam heating are treated using a semiempirical equation-of-state (EOS) model. To take care of the solid material properties, the Prandl-Reuss model is used. The high specific power deposited by the projectile particles in the target leads to phase transitions on a timescale of the order of tens of nanosecond, which means that the sample material achieves thermodynamic equilibrium during the heating process. In these calculations we use Pb as the sample material that is irradiated by an intense uranium beam. The beam parameters including particle energy, focal spot size, bunch length, and bunch intensity are considered to be the same as the design parameters of the ion beam to be generated by the SIS100 heavy-ion synchrotron at the Facility for Antiprotons and Ion Research (FAIR), at Darmstadt. The purpose of this work is to propose experiments to measure the EOS properties of HED matter including studies of the processes of phase transitions at the FAIR facility. Our simulations have shown that depending on the specific energy deposition, solid lead will undergo phase transitions leading to an expanded hot liquid state, two-phase liquid-gas state, or the critical parameter regime. In a similar manner, other materials can be studied in such experiments, which will be a very useful addition to the knowledge in this important field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Tahir
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - P Neumayer
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - I V Lomonosov
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia and Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia and Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - A Shutov
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - V Bagnoud
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A R Piriz
- E.S.T.I. Industriales, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - S A Piriz
- E.S.T.I. Industriales, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - C Deutsch
- Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas, Universite Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
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Schanz VA, Roth M, Bagnoud V. Picosecond contrast degradation by surface imperfections in chirped-pulse-amplification stretchers. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis 2019; 36:1735-1742. [PMID: 31674439 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.36.001735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a study of the picosecond temporal contrast degradation of ultrashort laser pulses by surface defects in pulse stretchers. In a chirped-pulse-amplification stretcher or compressor, dust and damages on the surface of an optical element lead to a spectral amplitude modulation. Furthermore, surface figure errors of optical elements happening where the pulse is spatially dispersed yield a modulation of the spectral phase. The influence of both amplitude and phase noise effects is numerically investigated using a hybrid ray-tracing method that enables treating separately the influence of noise sources, whether noise occurs in the near field or the far field. We show that the main issue in terms of picosecond contrast degradation is a combined effect of surface pattern distortion in the far field and phase-amplitude coupling caused by spatial frequency filters. Temporal domains can be defined, where the temporal contrast is dominated by different noise effects. The algorithm used in this paper is compared to the cross-correlation trace of a pulse. The conclusions emerging from the presented analysis are universally applicable to known grating stretcher geometries.
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8
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Mao JY, Rosmej O, Ma Y, Li MH, Aurand B, Gaertner F, Wang WM, Urbancic J, Schoenlein A, Zielbauer B, Eisenbarth U, Bagnoud V, Wagner F, Horst F, Syha M, Mathias S, Li YT, Aeschlimann M, Chen LM, Kuehl T. Energy enhancement of the target surface electron by using a 200 TW sub-picosecond laser. Opt Lett 2018; 43:3909-3912. [PMID: 30106914 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.003909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
One order of magnitude energy enhancement of the target surface electron beams with central energy at 11.5 MeV is achieved by using a 200 TW, 500 fs laser at an incident angle of 72° with a prepulse intensity ratio of 5×10-6. The experimental results demonstrate the scalability of the acceleration process to high electron energy with a longer (sub-picosecond) laser pulse duration and a higher laser energy (120 J). The total charge of the beam is 400±20 pC(E>2.7 MeV). Such a high orientation and mono-energetic electron jet would be a good method to solve the problem of the large beam divergence in fast ignition schemes and to increase the laser energy deposition on the target core.
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Bagnoud V, Hornung J, Schlegel T, Zielbauer B, Brabetz C, Roth M, Hilz P, Haug M, Schreiber J, Wagner F. Studying the Dynamics of Relativistic Laser-Plasma Interaction on Thin Foils by Means of Fourier-Transform Spectral Interferometry. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:255003. [PMID: 28696732 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.255003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We apply Fourier-transform spectral interferometry (FTSI) to study the interaction of intense laser pulses with ultrathin targets. Ultrathin submicrometer-thick solid CH targets were shot at the PHELIX laser facility with an intensity in the mid to upper 10^{19} W/cm^{2} range using an innovative double-pulse structure. The transmitted pulse structure was analyzed by FTSI and shows a transition from a relativistic transparency-dominated regime for targets thinner than 500 nm to a hole-boring-dominated laser-plasma interaction for thicker targets. The results also confirm that the inevitable preplasma expansion happening during the rising slope of the pulse, a few picoseconds before the maximum of the pulse is reached, cannot be neglected and plays a dominant role in laser-plasma interaction with ultrathin solid targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Bagnoud
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - J Hornung
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64285 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - T Schlegel
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - B Zielbauer
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - C Brabetz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Roth
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64285 Darmstadt, Germany
- Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research GmbH, Planckstraße 1 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - P Hilz
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Muenchen, Am Coulombwall 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M Haug
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Muenchen, Am Coulombwall 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J Schreiber
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Muenchen, Am Coulombwall 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - F Wagner
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Schanz VA, Wagner F, Roth M, Bagnoud V. Noise reduction in third order cross-correlation by angle optimization of the interacting beams. Opt Express 2017; 25:9252-9261. [PMID: 28438001 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.009252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report on a novel technique to reduce the noise level in scanning third order cross-correlation. Large angles between the interacting beams combined with adapted crystal parameters lead to a significant decrease of noise photon generation while maintaining efficient generation of the third order signal. An enhanced scanning cross-correlator was developed based on the new technique proposed. In tests at the PHELIX laser facility this novel correlator performed within a dynamic range of 12.5 orders of magnitude.
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Wagner F, Hornung J, Schmidt C, Eckhardt M, Roth M, Stöhlker T, Bagnoud V. Backreflection diagnostics for ultra-intense laser plasma experiments based on frequency resolved optical gating. Rev Sci Instrum 2017; 88:023503. [PMID: 28249497 DOI: 10.1063/1.4975827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report on the development and implementation of a time resolved backscatter diagnostics for high power laser plasma experiments at the petawatt-class laser facility PHELIX. Pulses that are backscattered or reflected from overcritical plasmas are characterized spectrally and temporally resolved using a specially designed second harmonic generation frequency resolved optical gating system. The diagnostics meets the requirements made by typical experiments, i.e., a spectral bandwidth of more than 30nm with sub-nanometer resolution and a temporal window of 10ps with 50fs temporal resolution. The diagnostics is permanently installed at the PHELIX target area and can be used to study effects such as laser-hole boring or relativistic self-phase-modulation which are important features of laser-driven particle acceleration experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Wagner
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J Hornung
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - C Schmidt
- Hochschule Darmstadt, Haardtring 100, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Eckhardt
- Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen, Wilhelm-Leuschner-Straße 13, 61169 Friedberg, Germany
| | - M Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - T Stöhlker
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - V Bagnoud
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
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12
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Wagner F, Deppert O, Brabetz C, Fiala P, Kleinschmidt A, Poth P, Schanz VA, Tebartz A, Zielbauer B, Roth M, Stöhlker T, Bagnoud V. Maximum Proton Energy above 85 MeV from the Relativistic Interaction of Laser Pulses with Micrometer Thick CH_{2} Targets. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:205002. [PMID: 27258872 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.205002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present a study of laser-driven ion acceleration with micrometer and submicrometer thick plastic targets. Using laser pulses with high temporal contrast and an intensity of the order of 10^{20} W/cm^{2} we observe proton beams with cutoff energies in excess of 85 MeV and particle numbers of 10^{9} in an energy bin of 1 MeV around this maximum. We show that applying the target normal sheath acceleration mechanism with submicrometer thick targets is a very robust way to achieve such high ion energies and particle fluxes. Our results are backed with 2D particle in cell simulations furthermore predicting cutoff energies above 200 MeV for acceleration based on relativistic transparency. This predicted regime can be probed after a few technically feasible adjustments of the laser and target parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Wagner
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - O Deppert
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - C Brabetz
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - P Fiala
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Kleinschmidt
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - P Poth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - V A Schanz
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Tebartz
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B Zielbauer
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - T Stöhlker
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - V Bagnoud
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Cayzac W, Bagnoud V, Basko MM, Blažević A, Frank A, Gericke DO, Hallo L, Malka G, Ortner A, Tauschwitz A, Vorberger J, Roth M. Predictions for the energy loss of light ions in laser-generated plasmas at low and medium velocities. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2015; 92:053109. [PMID: 26651804 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.92.053109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The energy loss of light ions in dense plasmas is investigated with special focus on low to medium projectile energies, i.e., at velocities where the maximum of the stopping power occurs. In this region, exceptionally large theoretical uncertainties remain and no conclusive experimental data are available. We perform simulations of beam-plasma configurations well suited for an experimental test of ion energy loss in highly ionized, laser-generated carbon plasmas. The plasma parameters are extracted from two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations, and a Monte Carlo calculation of the charge-state distribution of the projectile ion beam determines the dynamics of the ion charge state over the whole plasma profile. We show that the discrepancies in the energy loss predicted by different theoretical models are as high as 20-30%, making these theories well distinguishable in suitable experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Cayzac
- Université Bordeaux-CEA-CNRS, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, UMR 5107, 33405 Talence, France
| | - V Bagnoud
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - M M Basko
- Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics (KIAM), Miusskaya sq. 4, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - A Blažević
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - A Frank
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - D O Gericke
- Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - L Hallo
- CEA-Cesta, 15 Avenue des Sablières BP2, CS 60001, 33116, Le Barp, France
| | - G Malka
- Université Bordeaux-CEA-CNRS, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, UMR 5107, 33405 Talence, France
| | - A Ortner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstr. 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - An Tauschwitz
- Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - J Vorberger
- Max-Planck Institute for the Physics of complex systems, Nöthnitzer Str. 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - M Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstr. 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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Kraus D, Vorberger J, Gericke DO, Bagnoud V, Blažević A, Cayzac W, Frank A, Gregori G, Ortner A, Otten A, Roth F, Schaumann G, Schumacher D, Siegenthaler K, Wagner F, Wünsch K, Roth M. Probing the complex ion structure in liquid carbon at 100 GPa. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:255501. [PMID: 24483747 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.255501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present the first direct experimental test of the complex ion structure in liquid carbon at pressures around 100 GPa, using spectrally resolved x-ray scattering from shock-compressed graphite samples. Our results confirm the structure predicted by ab initio quantum simulations and demonstrate the importance of chemical bonds at extreme conditions similar to those found in the interiors of giant planets. The evidence presented here thus provides a firmer ground for modeling the evolution and current structure of carbon-bearing icy giants like Neptune, Uranus, and a number of extrasolar planets.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kraus
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J Vorberger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Straße 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - D O Gericke
- Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - V Bagnoud
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Blažević
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - W Cayzac
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany and Université de Bordeaux-CEA-CNRS CELIA UMR 5107, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
| | - A Frank
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - G Gregori
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - A Ortner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Otten
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - F Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - G Schaumann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D Schumacher
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - K Siegenthaler
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - F Wagner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - K Wünsch
- Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom and Tessella, 26 The Quadrant, Abingdon OX14 3YS, United Kingdom
| | - M Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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Frank A, Blažević A, Bagnoud V, Basko MM, Börner M, Cayzac W, Kraus D, Hessling T, Hoffmann DHH, Ortner A, Otten A, Pelka A, Pepler D, Schumacher D, Tauschwitz A, Roth M. Energy loss and charge transfer of argon in a laser-generated carbon plasma. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:115001. [PMID: 25166546 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.115001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports on the measurement of the energy loss and the projectile charge states of argon ions at an energy of 4 MeV/u penetrating a fully ionized carbon plasma. The plasma of n(e)≈10(20) cm(-3) and T(e)≈180 eV is created by two laser beams at λ(Las)=532 nm incident from opposite sides on a thin carbon foil. The resulting plasma is spatially homogenous and allows us to record precise experimental data. The data show an increase of a factor of 2 in the stopping power which is in very good agreement with a specifically developed Monte Carlo code, that allows the calculation of the heavy ion beam's charge state distribution and its energy loss in the plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Frank
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, Darmstadt D-64289, Germany
| | - A Blažević
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, Darmstadt D-64291, Germany
| | - V Bagnoud
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, Darmstadt D-64291, Germany
| | - M M Basko
- ITEP, B. Cheremushkinskaja 25, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - M Börner
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, Darmstadt D-64289, Germany
| | - W Cayzac
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, Darmstadt D-64289, Germany
| | - D Kraus
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, Darmstadt D-64289, Germany
| | - T Hessling
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, Darmstadt D-64291, Germany
| | - D H H Hoffmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, Darmstadt D-64289, Germany
| | - A Ortner
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, Darmstadt D-64289, Germany
| | - A Otten
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, Darmstadt D-64289, Germany
| | - A Pelka
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, Darmstadt D-64289, Germany
| | - D Pepler
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - D Schumacher
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, Darmstadt D-64289, Germany
| | - An Tauschwitz
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - M Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, Darmstadt D-64289, Germany
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Javorková D, Bagnoud V. 60-dB-dynamic-range short-pulse measurement from an 8-bit CMOS camera. Opt Express 2007; 15:5439-5444. [PMID: 19532798 DOI: 10.1364/oe.15.005439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a simple detection scheme that uses an 8-bit CMOS camera and spans over 60-dB dynamic range. By use of noise reduction techniques, the 8-bit CMOS camera yields a 40-dB dynamic-range signal, which is further increased by 20 dB by making a replica of the signal beam on another part of the detector chip. We have experimentally validated this scheme in a scanning and a single-shot autocorrelator.
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Bagnoud V, Zuegel JD, Forget N, Le Blanc C. High-dynamic-range temporal measurements ofshort pulses amplified by OPCPA. Opt Express 2007; 15:5504-5511. [PMID: 19532806 DOI: 10.1364/oe.15.005504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first experimental measurement of high-dynamic-range pulse contrast of compressed optical parametric chirped-pulse-amplification (OPCPA) pulses on the picosecond scale. The measured -80-dB OPCPA contrast at 1054 nm agrees well with theoretical predictions and exceeds the estimated and measured levels for comparable amplification in a Ti:sapphire regenerative amplifier by approximately 10 dB. A key to achieving better contrast with OPCPA is the simpler experimental setup that promotes more-efficient coupling of seed pulse energy into the amplification system.
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Kelly JH, Waxer LJ, Bagnoud V, Begishev IA, Bromage J, Kruschwitz BE, Kessler TJ, Loucks SJ, Maywar DN, McCrory RL, Meyerhofer DD, Morse SF, Oliver JB, Rigatti AL, Schmid AW, Stoeckl C, Dalton S, Folnsbee L, Guardalben MJ, Jungquist R, Puth J, Shoup MJ, Weiner D, Zuegel JD. OMEGA EP: High-energy petawatt capability for the OMEGA laser facility. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1051/jp4:2006133015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Guardalben M, Keegan J, Waxer L, Bagnoud V, Begishev I, Puth J, Zuegel J. Design of a highly stable, high-conversion-efficiency, optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification system with good beam quality. Opt Express 2003; 11:2511-2524. [PMID: 19471364 DOI: 10.1364/oe.11.002511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifier (OPCPA) design that provides 40% pump-to-signal conversion efficiency and over-500-mJ signal energy at 1054 nm for front-end injection into a Nd:glass amplifier chain is presented. This OPCPA system is currently being built as the prototype front end for the OMEGA EP (extended performance) laser system at the University of Rochester's Laboratory for Laser Energetics. Using a three-dimensional spatial and temporal numerical model, several design considerations necessary to achieve high conversion efficiency, good output stability, and good beam quality are discussed. The dependence of OPCPA output on the pump beam's spatiotemporal shape and the relative size of seed and pump beams is described. This includes the effects of pump intensity modulation and pump-signal walk-off. The trade-off among efficiency, stability, and low output beam intensity modulation is discussed.
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Waxer LJ, Bagnoud V, Begishev IA, Guardalben MJ, Puth J, Zuegel JD. High-conversion-efficiency optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification system using spatiotemporally shaped pump pulses. Opt Lett 2003; 28:1245-1247. [PMID: 12885035 DOI: 10.1364/ol.28.001245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
High-conversion-efficiency, high-stability optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification is demonstrated with a spatiotemporally shaped pump laser system. Broadband 5-mJ pulses are produced at a 5-Hz repetition rate with a pump-to-signal conversion efficiency of 29% and energy stability better than 2% rms. To our knowledge this is the highest conversion efficiency and stability achieved in an optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification system.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Waxer
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA.
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Constant E, Mével E, Zaïr A, Bagnoud V, Salin F. Toward sub-femtosecond pump-probe experiments : A dispersionless autocorrelator with attosecond resolution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1051/jp4:20012105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Bagnoud V, Luce J, Videau L, Rouyer C. Diode-pumped regenerative amplifier delivering 100-mJ single-mode laser pulses. Opt Lett 2001; 26:337-339. [PMID: 18040316 DOI: 10.1364/ol.26.000337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We report on a side-pumped Nd:phosphate laser regenerative amplifier that delivers laser pulses of as much as 100 mJ in a single TEM mode. The laser beam is mode matched to the amplification medium by an intracavity fused-silica phase plate for mode shaping and a telescope for adjustment of the beam mode to the amplification rod section such that most of the energy stored in the rod is transferred to the laser pulses. As a result of the good overlap and the low loss, an optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of as much as 10% was measured for a pumping current of 80 A and greater than 100-mJ output pulses.
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