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Stroobant EE, Strong VE. Advances in Gastric Cancer Surgical Management. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2024; 38:547-557. [PMID: 38402138 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The goal of a gastric cancer operation is a microscopically negative resection margin and D2 lymphadenectomy. Minimally invasive techniques (laparoscopic and robotic) have been proven to be equivalent for oncologic care, yet with faster recovery. Endoscopic mucosal resection can be used for T1a N0 tumor resection. Better understanding of hereditary gastric cancer and molecular subtypes has led to specialized recommendations for MSI-high tumors and patients with pathogenic CDH1 mutations. In the future, surgical management will support minimally invasive approaches and personalized cancer care based on subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Stroobant
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery - H1216, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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2
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Stroobant EE, Sreeram A, Strong VE. The Role of Station 10 Lymph Nodes in D2 Dissection. JAMA Surg 2024:2818239. [PMID: 38691378 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2024.1035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Stroobant
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Aravind Sreeram
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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3
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Vitiello GA, Jayaprakasam VS, Tang LH, Schattner MA, Janjigian YY, Ku GY, Maron SB, Schoder H, Larson SM, Gönen M, Datta J, Coit DG, Brennan MF, Strong VE. Patient metabolic profile defined by liver and muscle 18F-FDG PET avidity is independently associated with overall survival in gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer 2024; 27:548-557. [PMID: 38436762 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-024-01485-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PET-CT-based patient metabolic profiling is a novel concept to incorporate patient-specific metabolism into gastric cancer care. METHODS Staging PET-CTs, demographics, and clinicopathologic variables of gastric cancer patients were obtained from a prospectively maintained institutional database. PET-CT avidity was measured in tumor, liver, spleen, four paired muscles, and two paired fat areas in each patient. The liver to rectus femoris (LRF) ratio was defined as the ratio of SUVmean of liver to the average SUVmean of the bilateral rectus femoris muscles. Kaplan-Meier and Cox-proportional hazards models were used to identify the impact of LRF ratio on OS. RESULTS Two hundred and one patients with distal gastroesophageal (48%) or gastric (52%) adenocarcinoma were included. Median age was 65 years, and 146 (73%) were male. On univariate analysis, rectus femoris PET-CT avidity and LRF ratio were significantly associated with overall survival (p < 0.05). LRF ratio was significantly higher in males, early-stage cancer, patients with an ECOG 0 or 1 performance status, patients with albumin > 3.5 mg/dL, and those with moderately differentiated tumor histology. In multivariable regression, gastric cancer stage, albumin, and LRF ratio were significant independent predictors of overall survival (LRF ratio HR = 0.73 (0.56-0.96); p = 0.024). Survival curves showed that the prognostic impact of LRF was associated with metastatic gastric cancer (p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS Elevated LRF ratio, a patient-specific PET-CT-based metabolic parameter, was independently associated with an improvement in OS in patients with metastatic gastric cancer. With prospective validation, LRF ratio may be a useful, host-specific metabolic parameter for prognostication in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo A Vitiello
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Northwell Health, Bay Shore, NY, USA.
| | | | - Laura H Tang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark A Schattner
- Gastroenterology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yelena Y Janjigian
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Geoffrey Y Ku
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven B Maron
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Heiko Schoder
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven M Larson
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mithat Gönen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jashodeep Datta
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Daniel G Coit
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Murray F Brennan
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Corso G, Davis JL, Strong VE. Points to consider regarding prophylactic total gastrectomy in germline CDH1 variant carriers. J Surg Oncol 2024; 129:1082-1088. [PMID: 38389278 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Pathogenic germline CDH1 mutation confers high risk for developing diffuse gastric and lobular breast cancers in asymptomatic carriers. In these individuals, the estimated gastric cancer risk at 80 years of age is up to 70% for males and 56% for females. Due to this high-risk predisposition, prophylactic total gastrectomy is considered a unique life-saving approach in germline CDH1 carriers, as endoscopy often fails to detect early stage diffuse gastric carcinoma. However, surgical indication is controversial in some clinical contexts, with possible contraindications. This review discusses points against and in favor of a more aggressive surgical approach for consideration during the decision-making process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Corso
- Division of Breast Surgery, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- European Cancer Prevention Organization (ECP), Milan, Italy
| | - Jeremy L Davis
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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5
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Goodman KA, Hotca A, Liu M, Strong VE, Ilson DH. Top advances of the year: Gastroesophageal cancer. Cancer 2024. [PMID: 38578983 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The advancement of minimally invasive surgery, a clearer definition of the role of radiation therapy, and the incorporation of immunotherapy have changed the management of esophagogastric cancers. Novel agents targeting new pathways continue to move forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyn A Goodman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexandra Hotca
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - David H Ilson
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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Lumish MA, Walch H, Maron SB, Chatila W, Kemel Y, Maio A, Ku GY, Ilson DH, Won E, Li J, Joshi SS, Gu P, Schattner MA, Laszkowska M, Gerdes H, Jones DR, Sihag S, Coit DG, Tang LH, Strong VE, Molena D, Stadler ZK, Schultz N, Janjigian YY, Cercek A. Clinical and molecular characteristics of early-onset vs average-onset esophagogastric cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2024; 116:299-308. [PMID: 37699004 PMCID: PMC10852615 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djad186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rate of esophagogastric cancer is rising among individuals under 50 years of age. It remains unknown whether early-onset esophagogastric cancer represents a unique entity. This study investigated the clinical and molecular characteristics of early-onset and average-onset esophagogastric cancer . METHODS We reviewed the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center gastric, esophageal, and gastroesophageal junction cancer database. Associations between baseline characteristics and tumor and germline molecular alterations were compared between those with early-onset and average-onset esophagogastric cancer using Fisher exact tests and the Benjamini-Hochberg method for multiple-hypothesis correction. RESULTS We included 1123 patients with early-onset esophagogastric cancer (n = 219; median age = 43 years [range = 18-49 years]) and average-onset esophagogastric cancer (n = 904; median age = 67 years [range = 50-94 years]) treated between 2005 and 2018. The early-onset group had more women (39% vs 28%, P = .002). Patients with early-onset esophagogastric cancer were more likely to have a gastric primary site (64% vs 44%, P < .0001). The signet ring cell and/or diffuse type was 3 times more common in the early-onset esophagogastric cancer group (31% vs 9%, P < .0001). Early-onsite tumors were more frequently genomically stable (31% vs 18%, P = .0002) and unlikely to be microsatellite instability high (2% vs 7%, P = .003). After restricting to adenocarcinoma and signet ring cell and/or diffuse type carcinomas, we observed no difference in stage (P = .40) or overall survival from stage IV diagnosis (median = 22.7 vs 22.1 months, P = .78). CONCLUSIONS Our study supported a preponderance of gastric primary disease sites, signet ring histology, and genomically stable molecular subtypes in early-onset esophagogastric cancer. Our findings highlight the need for further research to define the underlying pathogenesis and strategies for early detection and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Lumish
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Henry Walch
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven B Maron
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Walid Chatila
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yelena Kemel
- Robert and Kate Niehaus Center for Inherited Cancer Genomics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna Maio
- Robert and Kate Niehaus Center for Inherited Cancer Genomics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Geoffrey Y Ku
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - David H Ilson
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth Won
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jia Li
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Smita S Joshi
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ping Gu
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark A Schattner
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Monika Laszkowska
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hans Gerdes
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David R Jones
- Department of Surgery Memorial, Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Smita Sihag
- Department of Surgery Memorial, Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel G Coit
- Department of Surgery Memorial, Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura H Tang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Department of Surgery Memorial, Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniela Molena
- Department of Surgery Memorial, Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zsofia K Stadler
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Robert and Kate Niehaus Center for Inherited Cancer Genomics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nikolaus Schultz
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yelena Y Janjigian
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrea Cercek
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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Daniel SK, Badgwell BD, McKinley SK, Strong VE, Poultsides GA. Great Debate: Chemoradiation Should be Added to Chemotherapy as a Neoadjuvant Treatment Strategy for Resectable Gastric Adenocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:405-412. [PMID: 37865940 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14378-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most patients with resectable gastric cancer present with locally advanced disease and warrant neoadjuvant chemotherapy based on level 1 evidence. However, the incremental benefit of adding radiation to chemotherapy as a neoadjuvant treatment strategy for these patients is less clear. METHODS While awaiting the results of two ongoing randomized clinical trials attempting to specifically address this question (TOPGEAR and CRITICS-II), this article presents the debate between two gastric cancer surgery experts supporting each side of the argument on the use or omission of neoadjuvant radiation in this setting. RESULTS On the one hand, neoadjuvant radiation may be better tolerated compared with modern triplet chemotherapy and may be associated with higher rates of major pathologic response. Additionally, there is evidence to suggest that radiation may offer a survival benefit when the tumor is located at the gastroesophageal junction or there is concern for a margin-positive resection. However, in the setting of adequate surgery, no survival benefit has been demonstrated by adding radiation to modern chemotherapy, likely reflecting the fact that death from gastric cancer is a result of distant recurrence, which is not addressed by local treatment such as radiotherapy. CONCLUSION While awaiting the results of the TOPGEAR and CRITICS-II trials, this discussion of current evidence can facilitate the refinement of an optimal neoadjuvant therapy strategy in patients with resectable gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara K Daniel
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Brian D Badgwell
- Department of Surgical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sophia K McKinley
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Abate M, Walch H, Arora K, Vanderbilt CM, Fei T, Drebin H, Shimada S, Maio A, Kemel Y, Stadler ZK, Schmeltz J, Sihag S, Ku GY, Gu P, Tang L, Vardhana S, Berger MF, Brennan MF, Schultz ND, Strong VE. Unique Genomic Alterations and Microbial Profiles Identified in Patients With Gastric Cancer of African, European, and Asian Ancestry: A Novel Path for Precision Oncology. Ann Surg 2023; 278:506-518. [PMID: 37436885 PMCID: PMC10527605 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Here, we characterize differences in the genetic and microbial profiles of GC in patients of African (AFR), European, and Asian ancestry. BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is a heterogeneous disease with clinicopathologic variations due to a complex interplay of environmental and biological factors, which may affect disparities in oncologic outcomes.. METHODS We identified 1042 patients with GC with next-generation sequencing data from an institutional Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets assay and the Cancer Genomic Atlas group. Genetic ancestry was inferred from markers captured by the Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets and the Cancer Genomic Atlas whole exome sequencing panels. Tumor microbial profiles were inferred from sequencing data using a validated microbiome bioinformatics pipeline. Genomic alterations and microbial profiles were compared among patients with GC of different ancestries. RESULTS We assessed 8023 genomic alterations. The most frequently altered genes were TP53 , ARID1A , KRAS , ERBB2 , and CDH1 . Patients of AFR ancestry had a significantly higher rate of CCNE1 alterations and a lower rate of KRAS alterations ( P < 0.05), and patients of East Asian ancestry had a significantly lower rate of PI3K pathway alterations ( P < 0.05) compared with other ancestries. Microbial diversity and enrichment did not differ significantly across ancestry groups ( P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Distinct patterns of genomic alterations and variations in microbial profiles were identified in patients with GC of AFR, European, and Asian ancestry. Our findings of variation in the prevalence of clinically actionable tumor alterations among ancestry groups suggest that precision medicine can mitigate oncologic disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miseker Abate
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK), New York, NY
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, MSK
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine
| | - Henry Walch
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, MSK
| | - Kanika Arora
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, MSK
| | | | - Teng Fei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MSK
| | - Harrison Drebin
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK), New York, NY
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, MSK
| | - Shoji Shimada
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK), New York, NY
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, MSK
| | - Anna Maio
- Niehaus Center of Inherited Cancer Genomics, MSK
| | - Yelena Kemel
- Niehaus Center of Inherited Cancer Genomics, MSK
| | - Zsofia K. Stadler
- Niehaus Center of Inherited Cancer Genomics, MSK
- Department of Medicine, MSK
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine
| | | | - Smita Sihag
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK), New York, NY
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine
| | - Geoffrey Y. Ku
- Department of Medicine, MSK
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine
| | | | - Laura Tang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, MSK
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, WCM
| | - Santosha Vardhana
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, MSK
- Department of Medicine, MSK
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine
| | - Michael F. Berger
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, MSK
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, MSK
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, WCM
| | - Murray F. Brennan
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK), New York, NY
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine
| | | | - Vivian E. Strong
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK), New York, NY
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine
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Ikoma N, Grotz T, Kawakubo H, Kim HI, Matsuda S, Hirata Y, Nakao A, Williams LA, Wang XS, Mendoza T, Wang X, Badgwell BD, Mansfield PF, Hyung WJ, Strong VE, Kitagawa Y. Trans-pacific multicenter collaborative study of minimally invasive proximal versus total gastrectomy for proximal gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers. BMC Surg 2023; 23:262. [PMID: 37653380 PMCID: PMC10472658 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-023-02163-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current standard operation for proximal gastric and gastroesophageal junction (P/GEJ) cancers with limited esophageal extension is total gastrectomy (TG). TG is associated with impaired appetite and weight loss due to the loss of gastric functions such as production of ghrelin and with anemia due to intrinsic factor loss and vitamin B12 malabsorption. Theoretically, proximal gastrectomy (PG) can mitigate these problems by preserving gastric function. However, PG with direct esophagogastric reconstruction is associated with severe postoperative reflux, delayed gastric emptying, and poor quality of life (QoL). Minimally invasive PG (MIPG) with antireflux techniques has been increasingly performed by experts but is technically demanding owing to its complexity. Moreover, the actual advantages of MIPG over minimally invasive TG (MITG) with regards to postoperative QoL are unknown. Our overall objective of this study is to determine the short-term QoL benefits of MIPG. Our central hypotheses are that MIPG is safe and that patients have improved appetite after MIPG with effective antireflux techniques, which leads to an overall QoL improvement when compared with MITG. METHODS Enrollment of a total of 60 patients in this prospective survey-collection study is expected. Procedures (MITG versus MIPG, antireflux techniques for MIPG [double-tract reconstruction versus the double-flap technique]) will be chosen based on surgeon and/or patient preference. Randomization is not considered feasible because patients often have strong preferences regarding MITG and MIPG. The primary outcome is appetite level (reported on a 0-10 scale) at 3 months after surgery. With an expected 30 patients per cohort (MITG versus MIPG), this study will have 80% power to detect a one-point difference in appetite level. Patient-reported outcomes will be longitudinally collected (including questions about appetite and reflux), and specific QoL items, body weight, body mass index and ghrelin, albumin, and hemoglobin levels will be compared. DISCUSSION Surgeons from the US, Japan, and South Korea formed this collaboration with the agreement that the surgical approach to P/GEJ cancers is an internationally important but controversial topic that requires immediate action. At the completion of the proposed research, our expected outcome is the establishment of the benefit and safety of MIPG. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was registered with Clinical Trials Reporting Program Registration under the registration number NCI-2022-00267 on January 11, 2022, as well as with ClinicalTrials.gov under the registration number NCT05205343 on January 11, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naruhiko Ikoma
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Hyoung-Il Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Yuki Hirata
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Loretta A Williams
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xin Shelley Wang
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tito Mendoza
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brian D Badgwell
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul F Mansfield
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Woo-Jin Hyung
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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10
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Laszkowska M, Tang L, Vos E, King S, Salo-Mullen E, Magahis PT, Abate M, Catchings A, Zauber AG, Hahn AI, Schattner M, Coit D, Stadler ZK, Strong VE, Markowitz AJ. Factors associated with detection of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer on endoscopy in individuals with germline CDH1 mutations. Gastrointest Endosc 2023; 98:326-336.e3. [PMID: 37094689 PMCID: PMC10524178 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2023.04.2071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Individuals with germline pathogenic CDH1 variants have a high risk of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer. The sensitivity of EGD in detecting signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) in this population is low. We aimed to identify endoscopic findings and biopsy practices associated with detection of SRCC. METHODS This retrospective cohort included individuals with a germline pathogenic/likely pathogenic CDH1 variant undergoing at least 1 EGD at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center between January 1, 2006, and March 25, 2022. The primary outcome was detection of SRCC on EGD. Findings on gastrectomy were also assessed. The study included periods before and after implementation of the Cambridge protocol for endoscopic surveillance, allowing for assessment of a spectrum of biopsy practices. RESULTS Ninety-eight CDH1 patients underwent at least 1 EGD at our institution. SRCC was detected in 20 (20%) individuals on EGD overall and in 50 (86%) of the 58 patients undergoing gastrectomy. Most SRCC foci were detected in the gastric cardia/fundus (EGD, 50%; gastrectomy, 62%) and body/transition zone (EGD, 60%; gastrectomy, 62%). Biopsy results of gastric pale mucosal areas were associated with detection of SRCC (P < .01). The total number of biopsy samples taken on EGD was associated with increased detection of SRCC (P = .01), with 43% detected when ≥40 samples were taken. CONCLUSIONS Targeted biopsy sampling of gastric pale mucosal areas and increasing number of biopsy samples taken on EGD were associated with detection of SRCC. SRCC foci were mostly detected in the proximal stomach, supporting updated endoscopic surveillance guidelines. Further studies are needed to refine endoscopic protocols to improve SRCC detection in this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Laszkowska
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine
| | - Laura Tang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
| | - Elvira Vos
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery
| | - Stephanie King
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine
| | | | - Patrick T Magahis
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Miseker Abate
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery
| | | | - Ann G Zauber
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Anne I Hahn
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Mark Schattner
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine
| | - Daniel Coit
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery
| | | | | | - Arnold J Markowitz
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine.
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11
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Davis JL, Strong VE. Controversies and strengths in prophylactic total gastrectomy for germline CDH1 pathogenic variant carriers. Eur J Cancer Prev 2023; 32:308-309. [PMID: 37038999 PMCID: PMC10272073 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy L Davis
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Century, New York, New York
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12
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Yang J, Greally M, Strong VE, Coit DG, Chou JF, Capanu M, Maron SB, Kelsen DP, Ilson DH, Janjigian YY, Ku GY. Perioperative versus total neoadjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer. J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 14:1193-1203. [PMID: 37435205 PMCID: PMC10331735 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-23-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Perioperative chemotherapy is standard of care management for locally advanced gastric cancer (GC), but a substantial proportion of patients do not complete adjuvant therapy due to postoperative complications and prolonged recovery. Administration of all chemotherapy prior to surgery in the form of total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) may optimize complete delivery of systemic therapy. Methods We performed a retrospective review of GC patients who had surgery at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) from May 2014 to June 2020. Results One hundred and forty-nine patients were identified; 121 patients received perioperative chemotherapy and 28 patients received TNT. TNT was chosen if patients had interim radiographic and/or clinical response to treatment. Baseline characteristics were well-balanced between the two group except for chemotherapy regimen; more TNT patients received FLOT compared to the perioperative group (79% vs. 31%). There was no difference in the proportion of patients who completed all planned cycles, but TNT patients received a higher proportion of cycles containing all chemotherapy drugs (93% vs. 74%, P<0.001). Twenty-nine patients (24%) in the perioperative group did not receive intended adjuvant therapy. There was no significant difference in hospital length of stay or surgical morbidity. The overall distribution of pathologic stage was similar between the two groups. Fourteen percent of TNT patients and 5.8% of perioperative patients achieved a pathologic complete response (P=0.6). There was no significant difference in recurrence free survival (RFS) or overall survival (OS) between the TNT and perioperative groups [24-month OS rate 77% vs. 85%, HR 1.69 (95% CI: 0.80-3.56)]. Conclusions Our study was limited by a small TNT sample size and biases inherent to a retrospective analysis. TNT appears to be feasible in a select population, without any increase in surgical morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Yang
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Megan Greally
- Mater Private Hospital, Dorset Street Upper, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Vivian E. Strong
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel G. Coit
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joanne F. Chou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marinela Capanu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven B. Maron
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - David P. Kelsen
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - David H. Ilson
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yelena Y. Janjigian
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Geoffrey Y. Ku
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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13
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Vos EL, Maron SB, Krell RW, Nakauchi M, Fiasconaro M, Capanu M, Walch HS, Chatila WK, Schultz N, Ilson DH, Janjigian YY, Ku GY, Yoon SS, Coit DG, Vanderbilt CM, Tang LH, Strong VE. Survival of Locally Advanced MSI-high Gastric Cancer Patients Treated With Perioperative Chemotherapy: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Ann Surg 2023; 277:798-805. [PMID: 35766391 PMCID: PMC9797619 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of chemotherapy in patients with microsatellite instability (MSI)-high gastric cancer. BACKGROUND Although MSI-high gastric cancer is associated with a superior prognosis, recent studies question the benefit of perioperative chemotherapy in this population. METHODS Locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma patients who either underwent surgery alone or also received neoadjuvant, perioperative, or adjuvant chemotherapy between 2000 and 2018 were eligible. MSI status, determined by next-generation sequencing or mismatch repair protein immunohistochemistry, was determined in 535 patients. Associations among MSI status, chemotherapy administration, overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival, and disease-free survival were assessed. RESULTS In 535 patients, 82 (15.3%) had an MSI-high tumor and ∼20% better OS, disease-specific survival, and disease-free survival. Grade 1 (90%-100%) pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was found in 0 of 40 (0%) MSI-high tumors versus 43 of 274 (16%) MSS. In the MSI-high group, the 3-year OS rate was 79% with chemotherapy versus 88% with surgery alone ( P =0.48). In the MSS group, this was 61% versus 59%, respectively ( P =0.96). After multivariable interaction analyses, patients with MSI-high tumors had superior survival compared with patients with MSS tumors whether given chemotherapy (hazard ratio=0.53, 95% confidence interval: 0.28-0.99) or treated with surgery alone (hazard ratio=0.15, 95% confidence interval: 0.02-1.17). CONCLUSIONS MSI-high locally advanced gastric cancer was associated with superior survival compared with MSS overall, despite worse pathological chemotherapy response. In patients with MSI-high gastric cancer who received chemotherapy, the survival rate was ∼9% worse compared with surgery alone, but chemotherapy was not significantly associated with survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira L Vos
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Steven B Maron
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Robert W Krell
- Department of Surgery, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX
| | - Masaya Nakauchi
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Megan Fiasconaro
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Marinela Capanu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Henry S Walch
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Walid K Chatila
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Nikolaus Schultz
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - David H Ilson
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Yelena Y Janjigian
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Geoffrey Y Ku
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Sam S Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Daniel G Coit
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Chad M Vanderbilt
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Laura H Tang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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14
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Abate M, Drebin H, Shimada S, Vardhana S, Sihag S, Strong VE, Vanderbilt C. Abstract 5890: Distinct differences in microbial enrichment and diversity identified between gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-5890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective: The microbiome is associated with the pathogenesis and progression of disease in gastric cancer (GC). Eradication of Helicobacter pylori has reduced overall GC incidence, however, gastroesophageal cancer (GEJC) continues to increase. While there are oncologic differences between GEJC and GC, distinctions based on microbial profiles are unknown. In this study, we characterize differences in the microbial profiles of GEJC and GC.
Methods: 562 patients with microsatellite stable GC (n=303) and GEJC (n=259) who had an institutional Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets assay on the primary tumor were included in the study. A validated microbiome bioinformatics pipeline that is generalizable across multiple next generation sequencing platforms was utilized to compare microbial enrichment and alpha diversity between GC and GEJC, defined by type 1-3 Siewert classification.
Results: Over 20 unique microbial species were enriched in GC when compared to GEJC, including Helicobacter and Lymphocryptovirus (Table 1). Prevotella had increased incidence in GEJC (OR:1.57,95%CI:1.02,2.41). Siewert type 2 and 3 GEJC had a significantly lower alpha diversity compared to GC. There was no significant difference in alpha diversity between GC and Siewert type 1 GEJC.
Conclusion: There are distinct differences in microbial enrichment and alpha diversity between GEJC and GC. Helicobacter and Lymphocryptovirus, the genus family for Epstein Bar Virus, were noted to have the highest odds ratios in the GC group. Our findings showing the reduced incidence of microbes in GEJC which are the current targets of GC screening, prevention, and therapy, have implications in evaluating optimal preventative and treatment strategies in GEJC.
Table 1. Microbes with enrichment in gastric cancer (GC) when compared to gastroesophageal cancer (GEJC) Microbes OR (95% Confidence Interval) p-value Helicobacter 85.40 (5.191, 1404.81) 0.002 Lymphocryptovirus 6.83 (2.3120,.17) 0.001 Pelagibacterium 6.01 (1.71, 21.06) 0.005 Gluconacetobacter 5.14 (1.70, 15.53) 0.004 Myxococcus 5.14 (1.70, 15.53) 0.004 Kribbella 4.48 (1.46, 13.74) 0.009 Celeribacter 3.46 (1.43, 8.37) 0.006 Halomonas 3.46 (1.43, 8.37) 0.006 Nakamurella 3.35 (1.46, 7.71) 0.004 Nitrobacter 2.91 (1.40, 6.05) 0.004 Pseudogulbenkiania 2.80 (1.30, 6.03) 0.009 Mycobacteroides 2.78 (1.33, 5.81) 0.006 Polaromonas 2.70 (1.49, 4.90) 0.001 Meiothermus 2.54 (1.41, 4.57) 0.002 Sphingopyxis 2.44 (1.33, 4.46) 0.004 Mesorhizobium 2.38 (1.32, 4.30) 0.004 Staphylococcus 2.23 (1.37, 3.62) 0.001 Thermus 2.13 (1.22, 3.70) 0.008 Mycolicibacterium 1.99 (1.29, 3.07) 0.002 Mycobacterium 1.95 (1.23, 3.08) 0.005 Lactobacillus 1.94 (1.17, 3.22) 0.01
Citation Format: Miseker Abate, Harrison Drebin, Shoji Shimada, Santosh Vardhana, Smita Sihag, Vivian E. Strong, Chad Vanderbilt. Distinct differences in microbial enrichment and diversity identified between gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5890.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miseker Abate
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Shoji Shimada
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Smita Sihag
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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15
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Ajani JA, D'Amico TA, Bentrem DJ, Cooke D, Corvera C, Das P, Enzinger PC, Enzler T, Farjah F, Gerdes H, Gibson M, Grierson P, Hofstetter WL, Ilson DH, Jalal S, Keswani RN, Kim S, Kleinberg LR, Klempner S, Lacy J, Licciardi F, Ly QP, Matkowskyj KA, McNamara M, Miller A, Mukherjee S, Mulcahy MF, Outlaw D, Perry KA, Pimiento J, Poultsides GA, Reznik S, Roses RE, Strong VE, Su S, Wang HL, Wiesner G, Willett CG, Yakoub D, Yoon H, McMillian NR, Pluchino LA. Esophageal and Esophagogastric Junction Cancers, Version 2.2023, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2023; 21:393-422. [PMID: 37015332 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2023.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancers originating in the esophagus or esophagogastric junction constitute a major global health problem. Esophageal cancers are histologically classified as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) or adenocarcinoma, which differ in their etiology, pathology, tumor location, therapeutics, and prognosis. In contrast to esophageal adenocarcinoma, which usually affects the lower esophagus, esophageal SCC is more likely to localize at or higher than the tracheal bifurcation. Systemic therapy can provide palliation, improved survival, and enhanced quality of life in patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease. The implementation of biomarker testing, especially analysis of HER2 status, microsatellite instability status, and the expression of programmed death-ligand 1, has had a significant impact on clinical practice and patient care. Targeted therapies including trastuzumab, nivolumab, ipilimumab, and pembrolizumab have produced encouraging results in clinical trials for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease. Palliative management, which may include systemic therapy, chemoradiation, and/or best supportive care, is recommended for all patients with unresectable or metastatic cancer. Multidisciplinary team management is essential for all patients with locally advanced esophageal or esophagogastric junction cancers. This selection from the NCCN Guidelines for Esophageal and Esophagogastric Junction Cancers focuses on the management of recurrent or metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David J Bentrem
- 3Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University
| | | | | | - Prajnan Das
- 1The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | | | | | - Farhood Farjah
- 8Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance
| | | | | | - Patrick Grierson
- 11Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Shadia Jalal
- 12Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Rajesh N Keswani
- 3Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University
| | | | | | | | - Jill Lacy
- 16Yale Cancer Center/Smilow Cancer Hospital
| | | | - Quan P Ly
- 18Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center
| | | | - Michael McNamara
- 20Case Comprehensive Cancer Center/University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute
| | | | | | - Mary F Mulcahy
- 3Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University
| | | | - Kyle A Perry
- 24The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute
| | | | | | - Scott Reznik
- 27UT Southwestern Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Robert E Roses
- 28Abramson Cancer Center at the University of Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | - Georgia Wiesner
- 11Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine
| | | | - Danny Yakoub
- 31St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center
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16
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Nakauchi M, Vos EL, Carr RA, Barbetta A, Tang LH, Gonen M, Russo A, Janjigian YY, Yoon SS, Sihag S, Rusch VW, Bains MS, Jones DR, Coit DG, Molena D, Strong VE. Distinct Differences in Gastroesophageal Junction and Gastric Adenocarcinoma in 2194 Patients: In Memory of Rebecca A. Carr, February 24, 1988-January 19, 2021. Ann Surg 2023; 277:629-636. [PMID: 34845172 PMCID: PMC9148370 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to compare gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer and gastric cancer (GC) and identify clinicopathological and oncological differences. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA GEJ cancer and GC are frequently studied together. Although the treatment approach for each often differs, clinico-pathological and oncological differences between the 2 have not been fully evaluated. METHODS We retrospectively identified patients with GEJ cancer or GC who underwent R0 resection at our center between January 2000 and December 2016. Clinicopathological characteristics, disease-specific survival (DSS), and site of first recurrence were compared. RESULTS In total, 2194 patients were analyzed: 1060 (48.3%) with GEJ cancer and 1134 (51.7%) with GC. Patients with GEJ cancer were younger (64 vs 66 years; P < 0.001), more often received neoadjuvant treatment (70.9% vs 30.2%; P < 0.001), and had lower pathological T and N status. Five-year DSS was 62.2% in patients with GEJ cancer and 74.6% in patients with GC ( P < 0.001). After adjustment for clinicopathological factors, DSS remained worse in patients with GEJ cancer (hazard ratio, 1.78; 95% confidence interval, 1.40-2.26; P < 0.001). The cumulative incidence of recurrence was approximately 10% higher in patients with GEJ cancer ( P < 0.001). The site of first recurrence was more likely to be hematogenous in patients with GEJ cancer (60.1% vs 31.4%; P < 0.001) and peritoneal in patients with GC (52.9% vs 12.5%; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS GEJ adenocarcinoma is more aggressive, with a higher incidence of recurrence and worse DSS, compared with gastric adenocarcinoma. Distinct differences between GEJ cancer and GC, especially in patterns of recurrence, may affect evaluation of optimal treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Nakauchi
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Elvira L. Vos
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Rebecca A. Carr
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Arianna Barbetta
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Laura H. Tang
- Gastrointestinal Pathology Service, Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Mithat Gonen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ashley Russo
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Yelena Y. Janjigian
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Sam S. Yoon
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Smita Sihag
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Valerie W. Rusch
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Manjit S. Bains
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - David R. Jones
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Daniel G. Coit
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Daniela Molena
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Vivian E. Strong
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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17
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Vos EL, Nakauchi M, Gönen M, Castellanos JA, Biondi A, Coit DG, Dikken JL, D'ugo D, Hartgrink H, Li P, Nishimura M, Schattner M, Song KY, Tang LH, Uyama I, Vardhana S, Verhoeven RHA, Wijnhoven BPL, Strong VE. Risk of Lymph Node Metastasis in T1b Gastric Cancer: An International Comprehensive Analysis from the Global Gastric Group (G3) Alliance. Ann Surg 2023; 277:e339-e345. [PMID: 34913904 PMCID: PMC9192823 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to define criteria associated with low lymph node metastasis risk in patients with submucosal (pT1b) gastric cancer from 3 Western and 3 Eastern countries. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA Accurate prediction of lymph node metastasis risk is essential when determining the need for gastrectomy with lymph node dissection following endoscopic resection. Under present guidelines, endoscopic resection is considered definitive treatment if submucosal invasion is only superficial, but this is not routinely assessed. METHODS Lymph node metastasis rates were determined for patient groups defined according to tumor pathological characteristics. Clinicopathological predictors of lymph node metastasis were determined by multivariable logistic regression and used to develop a nomogram in a randomly selected subset that was validated in the remainder. Overall survival was compared between Eastern and Western countries. RESULTS Lymph node metastasis was found in 701 of 3166 (22.1%) Eastern and 153 of 560 (27.3%) Western patients. Independent predictors of lymph node metastasis were female sex, tumor size, distal stomach location, lymphovascular invasion, and moderate or poor differentiation. Patients fulfilling the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guideline criteria, excluding the requirement that invasion not extend beyond the superficial submucosa, had a lymph node metastasis rate of 8.9% (53/594). Excluding moderately differentiated tumors lowered the rate to 3.4% (10/296). The nomogram's area under the curve was 0.690. Regardless of lymph node status, overall survival was better in Eastern patients. CONCLUSIONS The lymph node metastasis rate was lowest in patients with well differentiated tumors that were ≤3 cm and lacked lymphovascular invasion. These criteria may be useful in decisions regarding endoscopic resection as definitive treatment for pT1b gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira L Vos
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Masaya Nakauchi
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Mithat Gönen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Alberto Biondi
- Division of General Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniel G Coit
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Johan L Dikken
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Domenico D'ugo
- Division of General Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Henk Hartgrink
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Makoto Nishimura
- Gastroenterology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Mark Schattner
- Gastroenterology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Kyo Young Song
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Laura H Tang
- Experimental and Gastrointestinal Pathology Services, Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ichiro Uyama
- Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Santosha Vardhana
- Lymphoma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Rob H A Verhoeven
- Department of Research, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and
| | - Bas P L Wijnhoven
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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18
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Drebin HM, Abate M, Fei T, Tang LH, Laszkowska M, Maron SB, Shimada S, Vardhana S, Vanderbilt C, Strong VE. Unique microbial profile identified in patients with gastric cancer with pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2023.41.4_suppl.458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
458 Background: Microbial dysbiosis has been shown to be associated with the pathogenesis of gastric cancer (GC). However, the relationship between the GC microbiome and response to systemic therapy, such as neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), is largely unknown. This study aims to explore changes in the microbiome after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, by analyzing the microbial profile of patients who received NAC and comparing differences among those with varied pathologic response to therapy. Methods: A microbiome bioinformatics pipeline using multiple next generation sequencing platforms was developed and used for analysis. GC tissue from patients who received NAC (n=101) and those who did not (n=85) were acquired at the time of surgical resection. Shannon alpha diversity plot and enrichment analyses by odds ratio were used to compare the microbial differences of the treatment cohorts. The microbial profiles of patients with pathologic response to NAC (>20% response) were characterized. Results: Of patients who received NAC, 66 (65.3%) experienced a greater than 20% response to NAC, and 35 (34.6%) demonstrated a 20% or lower response. Patients with a pathologic response to NAC were enriched for Rhizobium, Streptomyces, Comamonas, Sphingomonas, Micrococcus, Mycobacterium, Thauera, Hyphomicrobium, and Sinorhizobium (OR>4). There were no statistically significant differences in alpha diversity (p>0.05). Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that patients with a greater than 20% pathologic response to NAC have a distinct microbial enrichment compared to those with a poor pathologic response. Given the variable NAC treatment responses in GC, understanding unique microbial signatures in tumors will provide the landscape to explore key microbial contributors to GC NAC treatment response that may improve our understanding of treatment response variability among patients. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miseker Abate
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Teng Fei
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Laura H. Tang
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | - Shoji Shimada
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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19
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Nakauchi M, Court C, Walsh HS, Chatila WK, Shimada S, Vardhana S, Tang LH, Coit DG, Janjigian YY, Maron SB, Ku GY, Ilson DH, Schultz N, Matsuoka H, Tsukamoto T, Uyama I, Susa K, Strong VE. Differences in genomic profiles of gastric adenocarcinoma in the US and Japan. J Clin Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2023.41.4_suppl.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
299 Background: Although epidemiological and clinical differences in gastric cancer (GC) between the US and Japan have been reported, genetic differences have not been clarified. We aimed to characterize molecular differences in GC between the two countries. Methods: We collected data between January 2010 and December 2019 from a prospectively maintained database of GC at our US and Japanese centers. After matching clinicopathological backgrounds, including age, sex, clinical T and N status, and tumor location, the genomic profiles of the primary site were compared for 58 patients in each group undergoing surgical resection and had MSK-IMPACT (MSK-Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets), a tumor-normal next generation sequencing assay that can detect alterations in exons and select introns of 505 genes. The MSI sensor algorithm was used to assess microsatellite instability. Genomic alterations were filtered for driver variants using OncoKB, and genes were consolidated into pathways using curated pathway templates from the Cancer Genome Atlas. Results: The clinicopathological characteristics were well matched between 58 patients in each cohort. In the entire cohort, the most commonly altered genes were: TP53 (45%), ARID1A (24%), and ERBB2 (17%) in the US cohort, and TP53 (50%), ARID1A (19%), and ERBB2 (17%) in the Japanese cohort. Although KMT2D was more frequently altered in the US cohort (19% vs. 2%), the two cohorts had no significant differences in other altered genes and gene pathways. The tumor with MSI high was found more frequently in the US cohort (22.4% vs. 5.2%, p = 0.01). Among the MSI-normal tumors, the tumor mutational burden (US: 3.5 muts/Mb and Japanese: 4.1 muts/Mb) and the fraction genome altered (US: 0.37 and Japanese: 0.28) did not significantly differ between the two groups. Additionally, no genes or pathways were significantly enriched in either group. Patterns of mutual exclusivity and co-occurrence amongst genes and pathways were also similar between the two groups. Conclusions: In this original genomic comparison of US and Japanese gastric cancers, matching clinicopathological backgrounds, Japanese and US gastric cancers are remarkably similar at the genomic level, with the possible exception of MSI-high tumor that appear to be more frequent in the US.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Colin Court
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | - Shoji Shimada
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Laura H. Tang
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Yelena Y. Janjigian
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
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20
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McIntyre CA, Drebin HM, Strong VE. Assessing Cost-effectiveness From the LOGICA Trial-Is Laparoscopic Gastrectomy Worth the Cost? JAMA Surg 2023; 158:129. [PMID: 36576818 PMCID: PMC9908833 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2022.6353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin A McIntyre
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Harrison M Drebin
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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21
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Roberts G, Benusiglio PR, Bisseling T, Coit D, Davis JL, Grimes S, Guise TA, Hardwick R, Harris K, Mansfield PF, Rossaak J, Schreiber KC, Stanich PP, Strong VE, Kaurah P. International Delphi consensus guidelines for follow-up after prophylactic total gastrectomy: the Life after Prophylactic Total Gastrectomy (LAP-TG) study. Gastric Cancer 2022; 25:1094-1104. [PMID: 35831514 PMCID: PMC9588655 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-022-01318-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prophylactic total gastrectomy (PTG) remains the only means of preventing gastric cancer for people with genetic mutations predisposing to Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer (HDGC), mainly in the CDH1 gene. The small but growing cohort of people undergoing PTG at a young age are expected to have a life-expectancy close to the general population, however, knowledge of the long-term effects of, and monitoring requirements after, PTG is limited. This study aims to define the standard of care for follow-up after PTG. METHODS Through a combination of literature review and two-round Delphi consensus of major HDGC/PTG units and physicians, and patient advocates, we produced a set of recommendations for follow-up after PTG. RESULTS There were 42 first round, and 62 second round, responses from clinicians, allied health professionals and patient advocates. The guidelines include recommendations for timing of assessments and specialties involved in providing follow-up, micronutrient supplementation and monitoring, bone health and the provision of written information. CONCLUSION While the evidence supporting the guidelines is limited, expert consensus provides a framework to best manage people following PTG, and could support the collection of information on the long-term effects of PTG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Roberts
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
- Cambridge Oesophagogastric Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Patrick R Benusiglio
- Genetics Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière and Saint-Antoine Hospitals, AP-HP Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Tanya Bisseling
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Coit
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | | | - Sam Grimes
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Theresa A Guise
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Richard Hardwick
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Peter P Stanich
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
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22
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Yip L, Duh QY, Wachtel H, Jimenez C, Sturgeon C, Lee C, Velázquez-Fernández D, Berber E, Hammer GD, Bancos I, Lee JA, Marko J, Morris-Wiseman LF, Hughes MS, Livhits MJ, Han MA, Smith PW, Wilhelm S, Asa SL, Fahey TJ, McKenzie TJ, Strong VE, Perrier ND. American Association of Endocrine Surgeons Guidelines for Adrenalectomy: Executive Summary. JAMA Surg 2022; 157:870-877. [PMID: 35976622 PMCID: PMC9386598 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2022.3544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Adrenalectomy is the definitive treatment for multiple adrenal abnormalities. Advances in technology and genomics and an improved understanding of adrenal pathophysiology have altered operative techniques and indications. Objective To develop evidence-based recommendations to enhance the appropriate, safe, and effective approaches to adrenalectomy. Evidence Review A multidisciplinary panel identified and investigated 7 categories of relevant clinical concern to practicing surgeons. Questions were structured in the framework Population, Intervention/Exposure, Comparison, and Outcome, and a guided review of medical literature from PubMed and/or Embase from 1980 to 2021 was performed. Recommendations were developed using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology and were discussed until consensus, and patient advocacy representation was included. Findings Patients with an adrenal incidentaloma 1 cm or larger should undergo biochemical testing and further imaging characterization. Adrenal protocol computed tomography (CT) should be used to stratify malignancy risk and concern for pheochromocytoma. Routine scheduled follow-up of a nonfunctional adrenal nodule with benign imaging characteristics and unenhanced CT with Hounsfield units less than 10 is not suggested. When unilateral disease is present, laparoscopic adrenalectomy is recommended for patients with primary aldosteronism or autonomous cortisol secretion. Patients with clinical and radiographic findings consistent with adrenocortical carcinoma should be treated at high-volume multidisciplinary centers to optimize outcomes, including, when possible, a complete R0 resection without tumor disruption, which may require en bloc radical resection. Selective or nonselective α blockade can be used to safely prepare patients for surgical resection of paraganglioma/pheochromocytoma. Empirical perioperative glucocorticoid replacement therapy is indicated for patients with overt Cushing syndrome, but for patients with mild autonomous cortisol secretion, postoperative day 1 morning cortisol or cosyntropin stimulation testing can be used to determine the need for glucocorticoid replacement therapy. When patient and tumor variables are appropriate, we recommend minimally invasive adrenalectomy over open adrenalectomy because of improved perioperative morbidity. Minimally invasive adrenalectomy can be achieved either via a retroperitoneal or transperitoneal approach depending on surgeon expertise, as well as tumor and patient characteristics. Conclusions and Relevance Twenty-six clinically relevant and evidence-based recommendations are provided to assist surgeons with perioperative adrenal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linwah Yip
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Quan-Yang Duh
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Heather Wachtel
- Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Camilo Jimenez
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Cord Sturgeon
- Department of Surgery, Section of Endocrine Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Cortney Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington
| | | | - Eren Berber
- Center for Endocrine Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Gary D Hammer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Irina Bancos
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - James A Lee
- Department of Surgery, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Jamie Marko
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Marybeth S Hughes
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk
| | - Masha J Livhits
- Department of General Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mi-Ah Han
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Philip W Smith
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Scott Wilhelm
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sylvia L Asa
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Thomas J Fahey
- Division of Endocrine & Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York
| | - Travis J McKenzie
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Nancy D Perrier
- Section of Surgical Endocrinology, Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
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23
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Li GZ, Shimada S, Strong VE. Bigger May Not Be Better-Implications of Long-term Results From KLASS-02. JAMA Surg 2022; 157:887. [PMID: 35857335 PMCID: PMC9561037 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2022.2773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George Z Li
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Shoji Shimada
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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24
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Coit DG, Strong VE. Fifty years of progress in gastric cancer. J Surg Oncol 2022; 126:865-871. [PMID: 36087088 PMCID: PMC9469502 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
As with every human malignancy, the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of patients with gastric cancer have undergone enormous evidence-based change over the last 50 years, largely as a result of increasingly rapid developments in technology and science. Some of the changes in clinical practice have derived from prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs), whereas others have come from study of meticulously maintained prospective databases, which define the disease's natural history over time, and occasionally from in-depth analysis of a single patient with an unexpectedly good or poor outcome. Herein we summarize the more important changes in gastric cancer management and the data supporting those changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Coit
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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25
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Abate M, Vos E, Gonen M, Janjigian YY, Schattner M, Laszkowska M, Tang L, Maron SB, Coit DG, Vardhana S, Vanderbilt C, Strong VE. A Novel Microbiome Signature in Gastric Cancer: A Two Independent Cohort Retrospective Analysis. Ann Surg 2022; 276:605-615. [PMID: 35822725 PMCID: PMC9463093 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The microbiome is hypothesized to have a significant impact on cancer development. In gastric cancer (GC), Helicobacter pylori is an established class I carcinogen. However, additional organisms in the intratumoral microbiome play an important role in GC pathogenesis and progression. In this study, we characterize the full spectrum of the microbes present within GC and identify distinctions among molecular subtypes. METHODS A microbiome bioinformatics pipeline that is generalizable across multiple next-generation sequencing platforms was developed. Microbial profiles for alpha diversity and enrichment were generated for 2 large, demographically distinct cohorts: (1) internal Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) and (2) The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohorts. A total of 520 GC samples were compared with select tumor-adjacent nonmalignant samples. Microbiome differences among the GC molecular subtypes were identified. RESULTS Compared with nonmalignant samples, GC had significantly decreased microbial diversity in both MSKCC and TCGA cohorts ( P <0.05). Helicobacter , Lactobacillus , Streptococcus , Prevotella , and Bacteroides were significantly more enriched in GC samples when compared with nonmalignant tissue ( P <0.05). Microsatellite instability-high GC had distinct microbial enrichment compared with other GC molecular subtypes. CONCLUSION Distinct patterns of microbial diversity and species enrichment were identified in patients with GC. Given the varied spectrum of disease progression and treatment response of GC, understanding unique microbial signatures will provide the landscape to explore key microbial targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miseker Abate
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Surgery
| | - Elvira Vos
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY
| | - Mithat Gonen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Yelena Y. Janjigian
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mark Schattner
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Monika Laszkowska
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Laura Tang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Steven B. Maron
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Daniel G. Coit
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY
| | - Santosh Vardhana
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Chad Vanderbilt
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Vivian E. Strong
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY
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26
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Tsai C, Nguyen B, Luthra A, Chou JF, Feder L, Tang LH, Strong VE, Molena D, Jones DR, Coit DG, Ilson DH, Ku GY, Cowzer D, Cadley J, Capanu M, Schultz N, Beal K, Moss NS, Janjigian YY, Maron SB. Outcomes and Molecular Features of Brain Metastasis in Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2228083. [PMID: 36001319 PMCID: PMC9403772 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.28083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Brain metastasis (BrM) in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) is a rare and poorly understood phenomenon associated with poor prognosis. OBJECTIVES To examine the clinical and genomic features of patients with BrM from GEA and evaluate factors associated with survival. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this single-institution retrospective cohort study, 68 patients with BrM from GEA diagnosed between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2020, were identified via review of billing codes and imaging reports from the electronic medical record with follow-up through November 3, 2021. Genomic data were derived from the Memorial Sloan Kettering-Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets clinical sequencing platform. EXPOSURES Treatment with BrM resection and/or radiotherapy. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Overall survival after BrM diagnosis. RESULTS Sixty-eight patients (median age at diagnosis, 57.4 years [IQR, 49.8-66.4 years]; 59 [86.8%] male; 55 [85.9%] White) participated in the study. A total of 57 (83.8%) had primary tumors in the distal esophagus or gastroesophageal junction. Median time from initial diagnosis to BrM diagnosis was 16.9 months (IQR, 8.5-27.7 months). Median survival from BrM diagnosis was 8.7 months (95% CI, 5.5-11.5 months). Overall survival was 35% (95% CI, 25%-48%) at 1 year and 24% (95% CI, 16%-37%) at 2 years. In a multivariable analysis, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 2 or greater (hazard ratio [HR], 4.66; 95% CI, 1.47-14.70; P = .009) and lack of surgical or radiotherapeutic intervention (HR, 7.71; 95% CI, 2.01-29.60; P = .003) were associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality, whereas 3 or more extracranial sites of disease (HR, 1.85; 95% CI, 0.64-5.29; P = .25) and 4 or more BrMs (HR, 2.15; 95% CI, 0.93-4.98; P = .07) were not statistically significant. A total of 31 patients (45.6%) had ERBB2 (formerly HER2 or HER2/neu)-positive tumors, and alterations in ERBB2 were enriched in BrM relative to primary tumors (8 [47.1%] vs 7 [20.6%], P = .05), as were alterations in PTPRT (7 [41.2%] vs 4 [11.8%], P = .03). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study suggests that that a notable proportion of patients with BrM from GEA achieve survival exceeding 1 and 2 years from BrM diagnosis, a more favorable prognosis than previously reported. Good performance status and treatment with combination surgery and radiotherapy were associated with the best outcomes. ERBB2 positivity and amplification as well as PTPRT alterations were enriched in BrM tissue compared with primary tumors; therefore, further study should be pursued to identify whether these variables represent genomic risk factors for BrM development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlton Tsai
- Department of Medicine, New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Bastien Nguyen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Anisha Luthra
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Joanne F. Chou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Lara Feder
- Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Laura H. Tang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Vivian E. Strong
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Daniela Molena
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - David R. Jones
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Daniel G. Coit
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - David H. Ilson
- Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Geoffrey Y. Ku
- Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Darren Cowzer
- Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - John Cadley
- Department of Digital Informatics and Technology Solutions, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Marinela Capanu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Nikolaus Schultz
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kathryn Beal
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Brain Metastasis Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Nelson S. Moss
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Metastasis Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Yelena Y. Janjigian
- Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Steven B. Maron
- Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Gupta S, Won H, Chadalavada K, Nanjangud GJ, Chen YB, Al-Ahmadie HA, Fine SW, Sirintrapun SJ, Strong VE, Raj N, Lagunes DR, Vanderbilt CM, Berger MF, Ladanyi M, Dogan S, Tickoo SK, Reuter VE, Gopalan A. TERT Copy Number Alterations, Promoter Mutations and Rearrangements in Adrenocortical Carcinomas. Endocr Pathol 2022; 33:304-314. [PMID: 34549366 PMCID: PMC9135779 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-021-09691-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Molecular characterization of adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC) by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) has highlighted a high prevalence of TERT alterations, which are associated with disease progression. Herein, 78 ACC were profiled using a combination of next generation sequencing (n = 76) and FISH (n = 9) to assess for TERT alterations. This data was combined with TCGA dataset (n = 91). A subset of borderline adrenocortical tumors (n = 5) and adrenocortical adenomas (n = 7) were also evaluated. The most common alteration involving the TERT gene involved gains/amplifications, seen in 22.2% (37/167) of cases. In contrast, "hotspot" promoter mutations (C > T promoter mutation at position -124, 7/167 cases, 4.2%) and promoter rearrangements (2/165, 1.2%) were rare. Recurrent co-alterations included 22q copy number losses seen in 24% (9/38) of cases. Although no significant differences were identified in cases with and without TERT alterations pertaining to age at presentation, tumor size, weight, laterality, mitotic index and Ki67 labeling, cases with TERT alterations showed worse outcomes. Metastatic behavior was seen in 70% (28/40) of cases with TERT alterations compared to 51.2% (65/127, p = 0.04) of cases that lacked these alterations. Two (of 5) borderline tumors showed amplifications and no TERT alterations were identified in 7 adenomas. In the borderline group, 0 (of 4) patients with available follow up had adverse outcomes. We found that TERT alterations in ACC predominantly involve gene amplifications, with a smaller subset harboring "hotspot" promoter mutations and rearrangements, and 70% of TERT-altered tumors are associated with metastases. Prospective studies are needed to validate the prognostic impact of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sounak Gupta
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Helen Won
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Kalyani Chadalavada
- Molecular Cytogenetics Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gouri J Nanjangud
- Molecular Cytogenetics Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ying-Bei Chen
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Hikmat A Al-Ahmadie
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Samson W Fine
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Sahussapont J Sirintrapun
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nitya Raj
- Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Diane Reidy Lagunes
- Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chad M Vanderbilt
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Michael F Berger
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Marc Ladanyi
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Snjezana Dogan
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Satish K Tickoo
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Victor E Reuter
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Anuradha Gopalan
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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Vos EL, Nakauchi M, Capanu M, Park BJ, Coit DG, Molena D, Yoon SS, Jones DR, Strong VE. Phase II Trial Evaluating Esophageal Anastomotic Reinforcement with a Biologic, Degradable, Extracellular Matrix after Total Gastrectomy and Esophagectomy. J Am Coll Surg 2022; 234:910-917. [PMID: 35426405 PMCID: PMC9128801 DOI: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000000113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A biologic, degradable extracellular matrix (ECM) has been shown to support esophageal tissue remodeling, which could reduce the risk of anastomotic leak following total gastrectomy and esophagectomy. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of reinforcing the anastomosis with ECM in reducing anastomotic leak as compared to a matched cohort. STUDY DESIGN In this single-center, nonrandomized phase II trial, gastric or esophageal adenocarcinoma patients undergoing total gastrectomy or esophagectomy were recruited from November 2013 through December 2018. ECM was surgically wrapped circumferentially around the anastomosis. Anastomotic leak was assessed clinically and by contrast study and defined as clinically significant if requiring invasive treatment (grade 3 or higher). Anastomotic stenosis, other adverse events, symptoms, and dysphagia score were collected by standardized forms at regular follow-up visits at approximately postoperative days (POD) 21 and 90. Patients receiving ECM were compared to a cohort matched for surgery type and age. RESULTS ECM placement was not feasible in 9 of 75 patients (12%), resulting in 66 patients receiving ECM. Total gastrectomy was performed in 50 patients (76%) and esophagectomy in 16 (24%). Clinically significant anastomotic leak was diagnosed in 6 of 66 patients (9.1%) (3/50 [6.0%] after gastrectomy, 3/16 [18.8%] after esophagectomy); this rate did not differ from that in the matched cohort (p = 0.57). Stenosis requiring invasive treatment occurred in 8 patients (12.5%), and 10 patients (15.6%) reported not being able to eat a normal diet at POD 90. No adverse events related to ECM were reported. CONCLUSIONS Esophageal anastomotic reinforcement after total gastrectomy or esophagectomy with a biologic, degradable ECM was mostly feasible and safe, but was not associated with a statistically significant decrease in anastomotic leak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira L Vos
- From the Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service (Vos, Nakauchi, Coit, Yoon, Strong), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Masaya Nakauchi
- From the Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service (Vos, Nakauchi, Coit, Yoon, Strong), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Marinela Capanu
- Department of Surgery, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (Capanu), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Bernard J Park
- Thoracic Service (Park, Molena, Jones), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Daniel G Coit
- From the Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service (Vos, Nakauchi, Coit, Yoon, Strong), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Daniela Molena
- Thoracic Service (Park, Molena, Jones), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Samuel S Yoon
- From the Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service (Vos, Nakauchi, Coit, Yoon, Strong), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - David R Jones
- Thoracic Service (Park, Molena, Jones), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Vivian E Strong
- From the Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service (Vos, Nakauchi, Coit, Yoon, Strong), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Ajani JA, D'Amico TA, Bentrem DJ, Chao J, Cooke D, Corvera C, Das P, Enzinger PC, Enzler T, Fanta P, Farjah F, Gerdes H, Gibson MK, Hochwald S, Hofstetter WL, Ilson DH, Keswani RN, Kim S, Kleinberg LR, Klempner SJ, Lacy J, Ly QP, Matkowskyj KA, McNamara M, Mulcahy MF, Outlaw D, Park H, Perry KA, Pimiento J, Poultsides GA, Reznik S, Roses RE, Strong VE, Su S, Wang HL, Wiesner G, Willett CG, Yakoub D, Yoon H, McMillian N, Pluchino LA. Gastric Cancer, Version 2.2022, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2022; 20:167-192. [PMID: 35130500 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2022.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 483] [Impact Index Per Article: 241.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Over 95% of gastric cancers are adenocarcinomas, which are typically classified based on anatomic location and histologic type. Gastric cancer generally carries a poor prognosis because it is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Systemic therapy can provide palliation, improved survival, and enhanced quality of life in patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease. The implementation of biomarker testing, especially analysis of HER2 status, microsatellite instability (MSI) status, and the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), has had a significant impact on clinical practice and patient care. Targeted therapies including trastuzumab, nivolumab, and pembrolizumab have produced encouraging results in clinical trials for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease. Palliative management, which may include systemic therapy, chemoradiation, and/or best supportive care, is recommended for all patients with unresectable or metastatic cancer. Multidisciplinary team management is essential for all patients with localized gastric cancer. This selection from the NCCN Guidelines for Gastric Cancer focuses on the management of unresectable locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David J Bentrem
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University
| | | | | | | | - Prajnan Das
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Peter C Enzinger
- Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center
| | | | | | - Farhood Farjah
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rajesh N Keswani
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University
| | | | | | - Samuel J Klempner
- Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center
| | - Jill Lacy
- Yale Cancer Center/Smilow Cancer Hospital
| | | | | | - Michael McNamara
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center/University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute
| | - Mary F Mulcahy
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University
| | | | - Haeseong Park
- Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Kyle A Perry
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute
| | | | | | - Scott Reznik
- UT Southwestern Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Robert E Roses
- Abramson Cancer Center at the University of Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Danny Yakoub
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center
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30
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Nguyen B, Fong C, Luthra A, Smith SA, DiNatale RG, Nandakumar S, Walch H, Chatila WK, Madupuri R, Kundra R, Bielski CM, Mastrogiacomo B, Donoghue MTA, Boire A, Chandarlapaty S, Ganesh K, Harding JJ, Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Razavi P, Reznik E, Rudin CM, Zamarin D, Abida W, Abou-Alfa GK, Aghajanian C, Cercek A, Chi P, Feldman D, Ho AL, Iyer G, Janjigian YY, Morris M, Motzer RJ, O'Reilly EM, Postow MA, Raj NP, Riely GJ, Robson ME, Rosenberg JE, Safonov A, Shoushtari AN, Tap W, Teo MY, Varghese AM, Voss M, Yaeger R, Zauderer MG, Abu-Rustum N, Garcia-Aguilar J, Bochner B, Hakimi A, Jarnagin WR, Jones DR, Molena D, Morris L, Rios-Doria E, Russo P, Singer S, Strong VE, Chakravarty D, Ellenson LH, Gopalan A, Reis-Filho JS, Weigelt B, Ladanyi M, Gonen M, Shah SP, Massague J, Gao J, Zehir A, Berger MF, Solit DB, Bakhoum SF, Sanchez-Vega F, Schultz N. Genomic characterization of metastatic patterns from prospective clinical sequencing of 25,000 patients. Cell 2022; 185:563-575.e11. [PMID: 35120664 PMCID: PMC9147702 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic progression is the main cause of death in cancer patients, whereas the underlying genomic mechanisms driving metastasis remain largely unknown. Here, we assembled MSK-MET, a pan-cancer cohort of over 25,000 patients with metastatic diseases. By analyzing genomic and clinical data from this cohort, we identified associations between genomic alterations and patterns of metastatic dissemination across 50 tumor types. We found that chromosomal instability is strongly correlated with metastatic burden in some tumor types, including prostate adenocarcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and HR+/HER2+ breast ductal carcinoma, but not in others, including colorectal cancer and high-grade serous ovarian cancer, where copy-number alteration patterns may be established early in tumor development. We also identified somatic alterations associated with metastatic burden and specific target organs. Our data offer a valuable resource for the investigation of the biological basis for metastatic spread and highlight the complex role of chromosomal instability in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Nguyen
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher Fong
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anisha Luthra
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shaleigh A Smith
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Renzo G DiNatale
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA; Urology and Renal Transplantation Service, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Subhiksha Nandakumar
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Henry Walch
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Walid K Chatila
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ramyasree Madupuri
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ritika Kundra
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Craig M Bielski
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Weill Medical College at Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brooke Mastrogiacomo
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark T A Donoghue
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adrienne Boire
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology and Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarat Chandarlapaty
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karuna Ganesh
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - James J Harding
- Weill Medical College at Cornell University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christine A Iacobuzio-Donahue
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pedram Razavi
- Weill Medical College at Cornell University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ed Reznik
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dmitriy Zamarin
- Weill Medical College at Cornell University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wassim Abida
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ghassan K Abou-Alfa
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carol Aghajanian
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrea Cercek
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ping Chi
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Darren Feldman
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alan L Ho
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gopakumar Iyer
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yelena Y Janjigian
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Morris
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert J Motzer
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eileen M O'Reilly
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael A Postow
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nitya P Raj
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gregory J Riely
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark E Robson
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan E Rosenberg
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anton Safonov
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - William Tap
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Min Yuen Teo
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna M Varghese
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin Voss
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rona Yaeger
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marjorie G Zauderer
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nadeem Abu-Rustum
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julio Garcia-Aguilar
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bernard Bochner
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Abraham Hakimi
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William R Jarnagin
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David R Jones
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniela Molena
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luc Morris
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eric Rios-Doria
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Russo
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samuel Singer
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Debyani Chakravarty
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lora H Ellenson
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anuradha Gopalan
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jorge S Reis-Filho
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Britta Weigelt
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marc Ladanyi
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mithat Gonen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sohrab P Shah
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joan Massague
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jianjiong Gao
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ahmet Zehir
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael F Berger
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David B Solit
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Weill Medical College at Cornell University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samuel F Bakhoum
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Francisco Sanchez-Vega
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Nikolaus Schultz
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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31
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Tsai C, Nguyen B, Luthra A, Chou JF, Tang LH, Strong VE, Molena D, Jones DR, Coit DG, Ilson DH, Ku GY, Moss NS, Beal K, Capanu M, Schultz N, Janjigian YY, Maron SB. Brain metastasis in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: Outcomes and molecular features. J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.4_suppl.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
347 Background: Brain metastases (BrM) rarely occur in patients with metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) and represent a unique therapeutic challenge. We describe the unique clinical, molecular, and genomic factors associated with mGEA cancer and BrM development in order to help guide future clinical management. Methods: Patients (pts) with GEA seen at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) from 2008-2019 and who had consented for genomic tumor profiling with MSK-IMPACT, a capture-based next-generation sequencing platform that detects mutations, copy-number variations, and select fusions, were retrospectively identified. Clinical and pathologic characteristics were reviewed. BrM were identified via International Classification of Diseases (ICD) billing codes and electronic medical record problem lists, and then manually validated. Survival was calculated from the time of BrM diagnosis until date of death or last follow up and estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Fifty pts with GEA metastatic to the brain were identified. Most pts were male (86%) and white (80%), with primary tumor of the esophagus/gastroesophageal junction (82%) and intestinal-type Lauren histology (90%). Twenty-three pts (46%) were HER2 positive (defined as IHC 2+/FISH+ or IHC 3+). Frequencies of PTEN (16%) and EGFR (22%) alterations in primary or metastatic sites were enriched in pts with BM compared to that seen across the MSKCC retrospective cohort and the GEA Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort. The majority (68%) of pts had stage IV disease at initial diagnosis, and 4 pts were found to have BrM within 1 month (mo) of stage IV diagnosis, while 27 pts developed BrM during therapy. Median time to BrM diagnosis was 18.3 mos (IQR 11.5-28.9) and 15.1 mos from stage IV diagnosis (IQR 4.8-25.5). Median survival was 7.6 mos from BrM diagnosis and 15.6 (95% CI 10.0-NR, n = 19), 7.6 (95% CI 2.5-NR, n = 13), and 4.3 (95% CI 3.5-12.3, n = 18) mos for pts with 1, 2-3, or 4+ BrM, respectively. Conclusions: GEA pts with BrM had increased frequency of HER2 positivity, as well as PTEN and EGFR alterations, compared to GEA pts overall historically. Further correlation between BrM development, molecular characteristics, and survival in a larger cohort will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlton Tsai
- Weill Cornell Medicine/New York Presbyterian, New York, NY
| | | | - Anisha Luthra
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Joanne F. Chou
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering, New York, NY
| | - Laura H. Tang
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kathryn Beal
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Marinela Capanu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering, New York, NY
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Moy RH, Walch HS, Mattar M, Chatila WK, Molena D, Strong VE, Tang LH, Maron SB, Coit DG, Jones DR, Hechtman JF, Solit DB, Schultz N, de Stanchina E, Janjigian YY. Defining and Targeting Esophagogastric Cancer Genomic Subsets With Patient-Derived Xenografts. JCO Precis Oncol 2022; 6:e2100242. [PMID: 35138918 PMCID: PMC8865520 DOI: 10.1200/po.21.00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Comprehensive genomic profiling has defined key oncogenic drivers and distinct molecular subtypes in esophagogastric cancer; however, the number of clinically actionable alterations remains limited. To establish preclinical models for testing genomically driven therapeutic strategies, we generated and characterized a large collection of esophagogastric cancer patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). MATERIALS AND METHODS We established a biobank of 98 esophagogastric cancer PDX models derived from primary tumors and metastases. Clinicopathologic features of each PDX and the corresponding patient sample were annotated, including stage at diagnosis, treatment history, histology, and biomarker profile. To identify oncogenic DNA alterations, we analyzed and compared targeted sequencing performed on PDX and parent tumor pairs. We conducted xenotrials in genomically defined models with oncogenic drivers. RESULTS From April 2010 to June 2019, we implanted 276 patient tumors, of which 98 successfully engrafted (35.5%). This collection is enriched for PDXs derived from patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive esophagogastric adenocarcinoma (62 models, 63%), the majority of which were refractory to standard therapies including trastuzumab. Factors positively correlating with engraftment included advanced stage, metastatic origin, intestinal-type histology, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positivity. Mutations in TP53 and alterations in receptor tyrosine kinases (ERBB2 and EGFR), RAS/PI3K pathway genes, cell-cycle mediators (CDKN2A and CCNE1), and CDH1 were the predominant oncogenic drivers, recapitulating clinical tumor sequencing. We observed antitumor activity with rational combination strategies in models established from treatment-refractory disease. CONCLUSION The Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center PDX collection recapitulates the heterogeneity of esophagogastric cancer and is a powerful resource to investigate mechanisms driving tumor progression, identify predictive biomarkers, and develop therapeutic strategies for molecularly defined subsets of esophagogastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan H. Moy
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
- Present address: Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Henry S. Walch
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Marissa Mattar
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Walid K. Chatila
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Tri-Institutional Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Daniela Molena
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Vivian E. Strong
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Laura H. Tang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Steven B. Maron
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Daniel G. Coit
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - David R. Jones
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jaclyn F. Hechtman
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - David B. Solit
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Nikolaus Schultz
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Yelena Y. Janjigian
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
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Nakauchi M, Walch HS, Chatila WK, Tran T, Vos EL, Sihag S, Tang LH, Coit DG, Stadler ZK, Janjigian YY, Maron SB, Ku GY, Ilson DH, Solit DB, Schultz N, Molena D, Strong VE. Distinct differences in genomic profile of gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.4_suppl.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
345 Background: Gastroesophageal junction cancer (GEJC) and gastric cancer (GC) are frequently studied together as one disease. Genomic profiles between the two disease sites have not been well characterized. We aimed to characterize molecular differences between the two disease sites. Methods: We collected data between January 2010 and December 2019 from a prospectively maintained database of GEJC and GC at our center. GEJC was defined according to the Siewert type 1 to 3 classification. Patients who underwent surgical resection and had MSK-IMPACT (MSK-Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets) sequencing performed on their primary tumor were included in this analysis. Results: Two hundred and seventy-four samples were analyzed; 156 (56.9%) GEJC and 118 (43.1%) GC patients. Regarding molecular subtypes, the GEJC group had a higher frequency of chromosomally instable tumors compared to the GC cohort (55.1% vs. 25.4%, p < 0.001). The fraction of genome altered (FGA) was significantly higher in the GEJC group (p < 0.001). TP53 (75.3% vs. 31.9%, p < 0.001, q < 0.001), CDKN2A (17.1% vs. 4.3%, p = 0.002, q = 0.02), and MDM2 (6.8% vs. 0%, p = 0.007, q = 0.033) were more frequently altered in the GEJC group, whereas CDH1 (2.7% vs. 9.6%, p = 0.037, q = 0.118) and RHOA (0% vs. 6.4%, p = 0.003, q = 0.02) were more frequently altered in the GC group. The GEJC group also had a higher frequency of alterations in the cell cycle pathway compared to the GC patients (36.3% vs. 11.7%, p < 0.001, q < 0.001). Conclusions: There are distinct differences in genomic profiles between GEJC and GC with a higher frequency of mutations in TP53, CDKN2A, MDM2, and cell cycle pathway in the GEJC patients, that may have potential implications in evaluating optimal treatment strategies with targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Thinh Tran
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Smita Sihag
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Laura H. Tang
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Vos EL, Cho JS, Schmeltz J, Teri N, Law EB, Paisley K, Begue A, Loumeau H, Suozzo SH, Anderson-Dunkley L, Gardner GJ, Jewell E, Singer S, Abu-Rustum N, Jarnagin WR, Aguilar JG, Drebin J, Strong VE. ASO Visual Abstract: Enhanced PAtient Clinical Streamlining (EPACS)—Quality Initiative to Improve Healthcare for New Surgical Outpatient Visits. Ann Surg Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-11173-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Vos EL, Cho JS, Schmeltz J, Teri N, Law EB, Paisley K, Begue A, Loumeau H, Suozzo SH, Anderson-Dunkley L, Gardner GJ, Jewell E, Singer S, Abu-Rustum N, Jarnagin WR, Aguilar JG, Drebin J, Strong VE. Enhanced PAtient Clinical Streamlining (EPACS): Quality Initiative to Improve Healthcare for New Surgical Outpatient Visits. Ann Surg Oncol 2022; 29:1789-1796. [PMID: 34984565 PMCID: PMC8727070 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-11126-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose For patients who select a specialty hospital for cancer treatment, the wait time until the initial consultation leaves patients anxious and delays treatment. To improve quality of care, we implemented an enhanced patient clinical streamlining (EPACS) process that establishes an early connection and coordinates care before the first surgical outpatient visit at our specialty cancer center. Methods During a pre-visit EPACS phone call to new patients, an advanced practice provider (APP) collected medical history and ordered work-up tests or consultations if feasible. First visit cancellation rate, number of patients who started treatment, time to start of treatment, and satisfaction by the care team and patient were compared between patients treated with versus without EPACS. Results Among 5062 consecutive new patients, 720 (14%) received an EPACS call and 4342 did not (86%); work-up was ordered pre-visit in 34% and 16%, respectively. Fewer EPACS patients cancelled the first visit (4.6% vs. 12%, p < 0.001), more started treatment (55% vs. 50%, p = 0.037), and their time to treatment was shorter, but not significantly (median 17 vs. 19 days, p = 0.086). Patient interaction was considered to be improved by EPACS by 17 of 17 APPs and 14 of 16 surgeons, and outpatient clinic efficiency by 14 of 17 APPs and 13 of 16 surgeons. EPACS reduced anxiety and increased preparedness for the first visit in 29 of 31 patients. Conclusions EPACS improved effectiveness, timeliness, and physician and patient satisfaction with health care at our cancer center. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1245/s10434-021-11126-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira L Vos
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jessica S Cho
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph Schmeltz
- Technology Division, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nick Teri
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ethel B Law
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kathleen Paisley
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aaron Begue
- Advanced Practice Providers Administration, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Helen Loumeau
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sherri H Suozzo
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Latasha Anderson-Dunkley
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ginger J Gardner
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth Jewell
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samuel Singer
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nadeem Abu-Rustum
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William R Jarnagin
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julio Garcia Aguilar
- Colorectal Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey Drebin
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Vos EL, Carr RA, Hsu M, Nakauchi M, Nobel T, Russo A, Barbetta A, Tan KS, Tang L, Ilson D, Ku GY, Wu AJ, Janjigian YY, Yoon SS, Bains MS, Jones DR, Coit D, Molena D, Strong VE. Prognosis after neoadjuvant chemoradiation or chemotherapy for locally advanced gastro-oesophageal junctional adenocarcinoma. Br J Surg 2021; 108:1332-1340. [PMID: 34476473 PMCID: PMC8599637 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trials typically group cancers of the gastro-oesophageal junction (GOJ) with oesophageal or gastric cancer when studying neoadjuvant chemoradiation and perioperative chemotherapy, so the results may not be fully applicable to GOJ cancer. Because optimal neoadjuvant treatment for GOJ cancer remains controversial, outcomes with neoadjuvant chemoradiation versus chemotherapy for locally advanced GOJ adenocarcinoma were compared retrospectively. METHODS Data were collected from all patients who underwent neoadjuvant treatment followed by surgery for adenocarcinoma located at the GOJ at a single high-volume institution between 2002 and 2017. Postoperative major complications and mortality were compared between groups using Fisher's exact test. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were assessed by log rank test and multivariable Cox regression analyses. Cumulative incidence functions were used to estimate recurrence, and groups were compared using Gray's test. RESULTS Of 775 patients, 650 had neoadjuvant chemoradiation and 125 had chemotherapy. These groups were comparable in terms of clinical tumour and lymph node categories, although the chemoradiation group had greater proportions of white men, complete pathological response to chemotherapy, and smaller proportions of diffuse cancer, poor differentiation, and neurovascular invasion. Postoperative major complications (20.0 versus 17.6 per cent) and 30-day mortality (1.7 versus 1.6 per cent) were not significantly different between the chemoradiation and chemotherapy groups. After adjustment, type of therapy (chemoradiation versus chemotherapy) was not significantly associated with OS (hazard ratio (HR) 1.26, 95 per cent c.i. 0.96 to 1.67) or DFS (HR 1.27, 0.98 to 1.64). Type of recurrence (local, regional, or distant) did not differ after neoadjuvant chemoradiation versus chemotherapy. CONCLUSION In patients undergoing surgical resection for locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the GOJ, OS and DFS did not differ significantly between patients who had neoadjuvant chemoradiation compared with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Vos
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - R A Carr
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - M Hsu
- Department of Bioinformatics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - M Nakauchi
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - T Nobel
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York, USA
| | - A Russo
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - A Barbetta
- Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - K S Tan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - L Tang
- Department of Pathology, Experimental and Gastrointestinal Pathology Services, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - D Ilson
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - G Y Ku
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - A J Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Y Y Janjigian
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - S S Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - M S Bains
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - D R Jones
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - D Coit
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - D Molena
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - V E Strong
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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37
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Court CM, Strong VE. Is the United States Ready for Regionalized Cancer Care? J Clin Oncol 2021; 39:3315-3317. [PMID: 34491797 DOI: 10.1200/jco.21.01692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Colin M Court
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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38
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Ku GY, Kemel Y, Maron SB, Chou JF, Ravichandran V, Shameer Z, Maio A, Won ES, Kelsen DP, Ilson DH, Capanu M, Strong VE, Molena D, Sihag S, Jones DR, Coit DG, Tuvy Y, Cowie K, Solit DB, Schultz N, Hechtman JF, Offit K, Joseph V, Mandelker D, Janjigian YY, Stadler ZK. Prevalence of Germline Alterations on Targeted Tumor-Normal Sequencing of Esophagogastric Cancer. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2114753. [PMID: 34251444 PMCID: PMC8276088 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.14753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance Among patients with esophagogastric cancers, only individuals who present with known features of heritable cancer syndromes are referred for genetic testing. Broader testing might identify additional patients with germline alterations. Objectives To examine the prevalence of likely pathogenic or pathogenic (LP/P) germline alterations among patients with esophagogastric cancer and to assess associations between germline variant prevalence and demographic and clinicopathologic features. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study was performed at a tertiary referral cancer center from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2019, in 515 patients with esophagogastric cancer who consented to tumor and blood sequencing. Main Outcomes and Measures Presence or absence of LP/P variants in up to 88 genes associated with cancer predisposition syndromes as identified by targeted sequencing (Memorial Sloan Kettering-Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets). Results Among 515 patients (median age, 59 years; range, 18-87 years; 368 [71.5%] male; 398 [77.3%] White), 243 (47.2%) had gastric cancer, 111 (21.6%) had gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer, and 161 (31.3%) had esophageal cancer. A total of 48 patients with gastric cancer (19.8%), 16 (14.4%) with GEJ cancer, and 17 (10.6%) with esophageal cancer had LP/P germline variants. The number of LP/P variants in high- and moderate-penetrance genes was significantly higher in patients with gastric cancer (29 [11.9%]; 95% CI, 8.1%-16.7%) vs patients with esophageal cancer (8 [5.0%]; 95% CI, 2.2%-9.6%; P = .03), and the difference was greater for high-penetrance germline alterations in patients with gastric cancer (25 [10.3%]; 95% CI, 6.8%-14.8%) vs in patients with esophageal cancer (3 [1.9%]; 95% CI, 0.38%-5.3%; P = .001). The most frequent high- and moderate-penetrance LP/P alterations were in BRCA1/2 (14 [2.7%]), ATM (11 [2.1%]), CDH1 (6 [1.2%]), and MSH2 (4 [0.8%]). Those with early-onset disease (≤50 years of age at diagnosis) were more likely to harbor an LP/P germline variant (29 [21.0%]; 95% CI, 14.5%-28.8%) vs those with late-onset disease (patients >50 years of age at diagnosis) (52 [13.8%]; 95% CI, 10.5%-17.7%; P = .046). ATM LP/P variants occurred in 6 patients (4.3%; 95% CI, 1.6%-9.1%) with early-onset esophagogastric cancer vs 5 (1.3%; 95% CI, 0.4%-3.1%; P = .08) of those with late-onset esophagogastric cancer. Conclusions and Relevance These results suggest that pathogenic germline variants are enriched in gastric and early-onset esophagogastric cancer and that germline testing should be considered in these populations. The role of ATM alterations in esophagogastric cancer risk warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Y. Ku
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Yelena Kemel
- Niehaus Center for Inherited Cancer Genomics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Steve B. Maron
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Joanne F. Chou
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Vignesh Ravichandran
- Niehaus Center for Inherited Cancer Genomics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Zarina Shameer
- Niehaus Center for Inherited Cancer Genomics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Now with AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Anna Maio
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Elizabeth S. Won
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - David P. Kelsen
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - David H. Ilson
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Marinela Capanu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Vivian E. Strong
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Daniela Molena
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Smita Sihag
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - David R. Jones
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Daniel G. Coit
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Yaelle Tuvy
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kendall Cowie
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - David B. Solit
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Marie-Josée & Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Nikolaus Schultz
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Marie-Josée & Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jaclyn F. Hechtman
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Niehaus Center for Inherited Cancer Genomics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Vijai Joseph
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Niehaus Center for Inherited Cancer Genomics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Diana Mandelker
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Yelena Y. Janjigian
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Zsofia K. Stadler
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Niehaus Center for Inherited Cancer Genomics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Lumish MA, Jayakumaran G, Fox M, Sabwa S, Cercek A, Stadler ZK, Ku GY, Segal NH, Won E, Maron SB, Troso-Sandoval TA, Segal MF, Strong VE, Molena D, Weiser MR, Jones DR, Zehir A, Berger MF, Diaz LA, Janjigian YY. Frequency of minimal residual disease as measured by ctDNA in mismatch repair deficient tumors following curative resection. J Clin Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e14520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e14520 Background: Mismatch repair deficient (MMRd) tumors are highly sensitive to checkpoint blockade (CPB) in patients with metastatic disease regardless of tumor type. However, the efficacy of CPB in the adjuvant setting is unknown, especially since MMRd is considered a favorable biomarker for most resected tumor types. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) could be used to screen for patients at high risk for recurrence following surgery or adjuvant chemotherapy and identify patients (pts) that would most benefit from CPB. Methods: To assess the frequency of ctDNA in the resected MMRd population, we prospectively screened pts with MMRd tumors who completed standard perioperative chemotherapy and surgery (NCT03832569). DNA from resected tumors and matched postoperative plasma was sequenced for the presence of somatic mutations. Patients were considered to have minimal residual disease (MRD) when mutations were identified in tumor and found to be identical to those in matched plasma DNA. Somatic tissue mutations were assessed using MSK-IMPACT and ctDNA was assessed using FoundationOne, Guardant360 or MSK-ACCESS. Results: A total of 86 pts were screened for the presence of MRD. These represented 7 tumor types with colorectal (63%), endometrial (16%) and esophagogastric (13%) being the most common. The majority of pts were stage III (49%). MRD was detected in 18% of cases (14 of 79). Among the MRD negative group (n=62), only one pt developed disease recurrence. Three samples failed ctDNA analysis for technical reasons. Conclusions: MRD was identified in 18% of resected MMRd tumors using ctDNA analysis, suggesting this to be a feasible tumor agnostic approach to test the efficacy of CPB in a pts at high-risk for recurrence. Future studies will assess the impact of CPB in MRD positive MMRd tumors.[Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maggie Fox
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Shalom Sabwa
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Andrea Cercek
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | - Neil Howard Segal
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Elizabeth Won
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ahmet Zehir
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Luis A. Diaz
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Nakauchi M, Vos EL, Tang LH, Gonen M, Janjigian YY, Ku G, Ilson D, Maron SB, Yoon SS, Brennan MF, Coit DG, Strong VE. ASO Visual Abstract: Association of Obesity with Worse Operative and Oncologic Outcomes Among Patients Undergoing Gastric Cancer Resection. Ann Surg Oncol 2021. [PMID: 33895903 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-09995-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Nakauchi
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK), New York, NY, USA
| | - Elvira L Vos
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK), New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura H Tang
- Department of Pathology, Gastrointestinal Pathology Service, MSK, New York, USA
| | - Mithat Gonen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MSK, New York, USA
| | - Yelena Y Janjigian
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, MSK, New York, USA
| | - Geoffrey Ku
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, MSK, New York, USA
| | - David Ilson
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, MSK, New York, USA
| | - Steven B Maron
- Department of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, MSK, New York, USA
| | - Sam S Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK), New York, NY, USA
| | - Murray F Brennan
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK), New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel G Coit
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK), New York, NY, USA
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK), New York, NY, USA.
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41
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Nakauchi M, Vos EL, Tang LH, Gonen M, Janjigian YY, Ku GY, Ilson DH, Maron SB, Yoon SS, Brennan MF, Coit DG, Strong VE. Association of Obesity with Worse Operative and Oncologic Outcomes for Patients Undergoing Gastric Cancer Resection. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:7040-7050. [PMID: 33830355 PMCID: PMC8987625 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-09880-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND How obesity has an impact on operative and oncologic outcomes for gastric cancer patients is unclear, and the influence of obesity on response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has not been evaluated. METHODS Patients who underwent curative gastrectomy for primary gastric cancer between 2000 and 2018 were retrospectively identified. After stratification for NAC, operative morbidity, mortality, overall survival (OS), and disease-specific survival (DSS) were compared among three body mass index (BMI) categories: normal BMI (< 25 kg/m2), mild obesity (25-35 kg/m2), and severe obesity (≥ 35 kg/m2). RESULTS During the study period, 984 patients underwent upfront surgery, and 484 patients received NAC. Tumor stage did not differ among the BMI groups. However, the rates of pathologic response to NAC were significantly lower for the patients with severe obesity (10% vs 40%; p < 0.001). Overall complications were more frequent among the obese patients (44.3% for obese vs 24.9% for normal BMI, p < 0.001). Intraabdominal infections were also more frequent in obese patients (13.9% for obese vs 4.7% for normal BMI, p = 0.001). In the upfront surgery cohort, according to the BMI, OS and DSS did not differ, whereas in the NAC cohort, severe obesity was independently associated with worse OS [hazard ratio (HR) 1.87; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-3.48; p = 0.047] and disease-specific survival (DSS) (HR 2.08; 95% CI 1.07-4.05; p = 0.031). CONCLUSION For the gastric cancer patients undergoing curative gastrectomy, obesity was associated with significantly lower rates of pathologic response to NAC and more postoperative complications, as well as shorter OS and DSS for the patients receiving NAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Nakauchi
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elvira L Vos
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura H Tang
- Gastrointestinal Pathology Service, Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mithat Gonen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yelena Y Janjigian
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Geoffrey Y Ku
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David H Ilson
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven B Maron
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sam S Yoon
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Murray F Brennan
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel G Coit
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Hu Y, Hsu AW, Strong VE. Enhanced Recovery After Major Gastrectomy for Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:6947-6954. [PMID: 33826004 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-09906-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols have gained increasing popularity over the past 10 years, and its overarching objectives are to improve perioperative morbidity and reduce postoperative length of stay. Consensus guidelines from the ERAS Society specific to major gastrectomy were published in 2014, however since that time, prospective and retrospective studies have expanded the collective evidence for both the content and efficacy of ERAS pathways for gastrectomy. This objective of this review was to summarize recent data pertinent to the preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative management of gastrectomy patients along an ERAS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinin Hu
- Division of General and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Annie W Hsu
- Division of Pain Medicine and Pain Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Division of Gastric and Mixed Tumors, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Nakauchi M, Vos E, Janjigian YY, Ku GY, Schattner MA, Nishimura M, Gonen M, Coit DG, Strong VE. Comparison of Long- and Short-term Outcomes in 845 Open and Minimally Invasive Gastrectomies for Gastric Cancer in the United States. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:3532-3544. [PMID: 33709174 PMCID: PMC8323986 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-09798-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few Western studies have evaluated the long-term oncologic outcomes of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) approaches to gastrectomy for gastric cancer. This study aimed to compare the outcomes between minimally invasive and open gastrectomies and between laparoscopic and robotic gastrectomies at a high-volume cancer center in the United States. METHODS The study analyzed data for all patients undergoing curative gastrectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma from January 2007 to June 2017. Postoperative complications and disease-specific survival (DSS) were compared between surgical approaches. RESULTS The median follow-up period for the 845 patients in this study was 38.5 months. The stage-stratified 5-year DSS did not differ significantly between open surgery (n = 534) and MIS (n = 311). The MIS approach resulted in significantly fewer complications, as confirmed by adjusted comparison (odds ratio [OR], 0.70; range, 0.49-1.00; p = 0.049). After adjustment, the two groups did not differ in terms of DSS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.83; range, 0.55-1.25; p = 0.362). The robotic operations (n = 190) had fewer conversions to open procedure (p = 0.010), a shorter operative time (212 vs 240 min; p < 0.001), more dissected nodes (27 vs 22; p < 0.001), fewer Clavien-Dindo grade ≥3 complications (5.8% vs 13.2%; p = 0.023), and a shorter postoperative stay (5 vs 6 days; p = 0.045) than the laparoscopic operations (n = 121). The DSS rate did not differ between the laparoscopic and robotic groups. CONCLUSION The study findings demonstrated the long-term survival and oncologic equivalency of MIS gastrectomy and the open approach in a Western cohort, supporting the use of MIS at centers that have adequate experience with appropriately selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Nakauchi
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elvira Vos
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yelena Y Janjigian
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Geoffrey Y Ku
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark A Schattner
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Makoto Nishimura
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mithat Gonen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel G Coit
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Nakauchi M, Vos E, Tang LH, Gonen M, Janjigian YY, Ku GY, Ilson DH, Maron SB, Yoon SS, Brennan MF, Coit DG, Strong VE. Outcomes of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Clinical Stages 2 and 3 Gastric Cancer Patients: Analysis of Timing and Site of Recurrence. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:4829-4838. [PMID: 33566242 PMCID: PMC8709904 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-09624-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to analyze timing and sites of recurrence for patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgical resection is the standard treatment for locally advanced gastric cancer in the West, but limited information exists as to timing and patterns of recurrence in this setting. METHODS Patients with clinical stage 2 or 3 gastric cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by curative-intent resection between January 2000 and December 2015 were analyzed for 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) as well as timing and site of recurrence. RESULTS Among 312 identified patients, 121 (38.8%) experienced recurrence during a median follow-up period of 46 months. The overall 5-year RFS rate was 58.9%, with RFS rates of 95.8% for ypT0N0, 81% for ypStage 1, 77.4% for ypStage 2, and 22.9% for ypStage 3. The first site of recurrence was peritoneal for 49.6%, distant (not peritoneal) for 45.5%, and locoregional for 11.6% of the patients. The majority of the recurrences (84.3%) occurred within 2 years. Multivariate analysis showed that ypT4 status was an independent predictor for recurrence within 1 year after surgery (odds ratio, 2.58; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-6.08; p = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS The majority of the recurrences for patients with clinical stage 2 or 3 gastric cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and underwent curative resection occurred within 2 years. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, pathologic T stage was a useful risk predictor for early recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Nakauchi
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Elvira Vos
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Laura H Tang
- Gastrointestinal Pathology Service, Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mithat Gonen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yelena Y Janjigian
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Geoffrey Y Ku
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David H Ilson
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven B Maron
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sam S Yoon
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Murray F Brennan
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Daniel G Coit
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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Vos EL, Salo-Mullen EE, Tang LH, Schattner M, Yoon SS, Gerdes H, Markowitz AJ, Mandelker D, Janjigian Y, Offitt K, Coit DG, Stadler ZK, Strong VE. Indications for Total Gastrectomy in CDH1 Mutation Carriers and Outcomes of Risk-Reducing Minimally Invasive and Open Gastrectomies. JAMA Surg 2021; 155:1050-1057. [PMID: 32997132 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2020.3356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Importance CDH1 variants are increasingly identified on commercially available multigene panel tests, calling for data to inform counseling of individuals without a family history of gastric cancer. Objectives To assess association between CDH1 variant pathogenicity or family history of gastric or lobular breast cancer and identification of signet ring cell cancer and to describe outcomes of risk-reducing minimally invasive and open total gastrectomy. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study was performed from January 1, 2006, to January 1, 2020, in 181 patients with CDH1 germline variants from a single institution. Interventions Genetic counseling, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, and possible total gastrectomy. Main Outcomes and Measures CDH1 variant classification, family cancer history, findings of signet ring cell carcinoma at esophagogastroduodenoscopy and surgery, postoperative events and weight changes, and follow-up. Results Of 181 individuals with CDH1 germline variants (mean [SD] age at time of testing, 44 [15] years; 126 [70%] female), 165 harbored a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant. Of these patients, 101 underwent open (n = 58) or minimally invasive (n = 43) total gastrectomy. Anastomotic leaks that required drainage were infrequent (n = 3), and median long-term weight loss was 20% (interquartile range [IQR], 10%-23%). In those undergoing minimally invasive operations, more lymph nodes were retrieved (median, 28 [IQR, 20-34] vs 15 [IQR, 9-19]; P < .001) and the hospital stay was 1 day shorter (median, 6 [IQR, 5-7] vs 7 [IQR, 6-7] days; P = .04). Signet ring cell cancer was identified in the surgical specimens of 85 of 95 patients (89%) with a family history of gastric cancer and 4 of 6 patients (67%) who lacked a family history. Among the latter 6 patients, 4 had a personal or family history of lobular breast cancer, including 2 with signet ring cell cancer. Of the 16 patients with pathogenic or likely pathogenic CDH1 variants who presented with locally advanced or metastatic gastric cancer, 3 (19%) had no family history of gastric cancer or personal or family history of lobular breast cancer. Conclusions and Relevance Total gastrectomy may be warranted for patients with pathogenic or likely pathogenic CDH1 variants and a family history of gastric or lobular breast cancer and may be appropriate for those without a family history. A minimally invasive approach is feasible and may be preferred for selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira L Vos
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Erin E Salo-Mullen
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Laura H Tang
- Experimental and Gastrointestinal Pathology Services, Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Mark Schattner
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sam S Yoon
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Hans Gerdes
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Arnold J Markowitz
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Diana Mandelker
- Molecular Genetic Pathology Service, Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Yelena Janjigian
- Gastrointestinal Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kenneth Offitt
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Daniel G Coit
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Zsofia K Stadler
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinin Hu
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Vos EL, Maron SB, Krell RW, Nakauchi M, Fiasconaro M, Walch HS, Capanu M, Ku GY, Ilson DH, Janjigian YY, Vanderbilt C, Tang LH, Strong VE. The interaction between microsatellite instability high (MSI-high) gastric cancer and chemotherapy on survival. J Clin Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2021.39.3_suppl.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
244 Background: Subgroup analysis of trials data suggested a favorable prognostic role for microsatellite instability high (MSI-high) status in resectable gastric cancer, but a lack of survival benefit from neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy; questioning current standard of care for MSI-high locally advanced gastric cancer. To help guide treatment decision making, we retrospectively studied the interaction between MSI status and chemotherapy on survival in a single institution. Methods: All clinically advanced (tumor stage 3-4 or positive lymph nodes) gastric cancer patients that underwent gastrectomy between 2000-2018 with MSI status available from immunohistochemistry (IHC, deficient mismatch repair protein expression (dMMR) vs proficient (pMMR)) or DNA next generation sequencing testing (NGS, MSI-high vs low/stable (MSS)) were included. Clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival (OS) was compared between patients with neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy and without, stratified for MSI status, by Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis. Results: From a total of 1,844 clinically advanced patients with resection, MSI status was available in 559 as determined by IHC in 420, NGS in 88, and both in 51 with a concordance rate of 50/51 (98%). Tumors were dMMR/MSI-high in 84 (15%) and pMMR/MSS in 475 (85%). Patients with dMMR/MSI-high tumors were more often older, female, and had distal tumors with intestinal subtype. Neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant chemotherapy was administered in 53 (63%) in the dMMR/MSI-high group and 367 (77%) in the pMMR/MSS (p = 0.006). Median (interquartile range) time of follow-up was 32 (19-57) months. In the total cohort, OS after 3 years was 82% in the dMMR/MSI-high and 59% in pMMR/MSS (p < 0.001). In the patients with neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy only, the dMMR/MSI-high had improved OS (3-years OS: 80% vs 60%, p = 0.001), and after adjustment for age and clinical tumor stage in multivariable analysis, dMMR/MSI-high status was associated with improved OS (HR 0.38 95%CI 0.22-0.68). In the dMMR/MSI-high group only, 3-year OS was 80% with chemotherapy vs 86% without (p = 0.374), and chemotherapy was not associated with a difference in OS after multivariable analysis (HR 1.03 95%CI 0.40-2.66). In case of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, grade 1 pathological response ( > 90%) was observed in 1/41 (2.4%) of the dMMR/MSI-high tumors vs 43/278 (16%) of the pMMR/MSS tumors respectively (p = 0.026). Conclusions: The incidence of MSI-high tumors in our cohort of clinically locally advanced, resectable, gastric cancers was 15%. Patients with MSI-high tumors had worse pathological treatment response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, but better OS, compared to microsatellite stable tumors. However, in patients with MSI-high tumors, OS was not altered by neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy. We recommend assessing MSI status in locally advanced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Laura H. Tang
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Lumish MA, Sabwa S, Maron SB, Ku GY, Ilson DH, Won E, Li J, Joshi SS, Gu P, Strong VE, Molena D, Jones DR, Sihag S, Coit DG, Yoon SS, Tang LH, Hechtman JF, Janjigian YY, Cercek A. Clinical and molecular characteristics of early-onset versus average-onset esophagogastric cancer. J Clin Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2021.39.3_suppl.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
250 Background: While the rate of esophagogastric (EG) cancer is declining, early onset (EO) gastric cancer prior to age 50 is rising. It is unknown whether EO-EG cancer represents a distinct entity. This study investigates the clinical and molecular characteristics of EO compared with average onset (AO)-EG cancers. Methods: We reviewed clinical and molecular features of gastric (G), esophageal (E) and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer in patients treated at MSKCC between 2005 and 2018. We defined early onset as age < 49, based on the age cutoff for urgent endoscopy referral. Clinical symptoms at diagnosis, primary tumor location, histology, HER2 and MSI status and molecular alterations were compared using Fisher’s exact test. Benjamini-Hochberg method was used to decrease the false discovery rate. Results: We analyzed 738 pts with EG cancer (age < 49 n=151; age >50 n=587). Race and sex were different with more Asian (19% vs. 9%), fewer Caucasian (62% vs. 81%) ( P<0.001) and more female patients (40% vs. 29%, P=0.014) in the EO group. Time from symptom onset to diagnosis was longer in the EO group (median (IQR) 144 d (66-276) vs. 75 d (34-136), P=0.009), though stage did not differ ( P=0.49). Patients with EO-EG cancer had less weight loss ( P<0.001), but no other distinct presenting symptoms. Primary disease site was different with more gastric in the EO group (66% vs. 55%, P=0.04). Signet-ring histology was more common in the EO group (11% vs. 3%; P=0.0009). ERBB2 amp and MSI-H were similar, with a trend toward more MSI-H in the AO group (ERBB2 amp P=0.88, Q=0.830; MSI-H P=0.0157, Q=0.056). The most frequent somatic alterations were similar in EO vs. AO pts, including TP53 (68% vs. 70%, P=0.370, Q=0.825), CDH1 (15% vs. 11%, P=0.139, Q=0.825), RHOA (6% vs. 5%, P=0.395, Q=0.825). There was a trend toward more ARID1A (19% vs. 7%, P<0.01, Q=0.250) and FBWX7 (5% vs. 2%, P=139, Q=0.825) mutations in the AO group. Conclusions: Presenting symptoms, stage, histology, HER2 and MSI status are similar in patients with EO vs. AO-EG cancer. There is a trend in EO toward longer time to diagnosis, gastric primary site of disease, signet-ring histology and fewer ARID1A and FBWX7 mutations. Expanded clinical and molecular data will be presented. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shalom Sabwa
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | - Elizabeth Won
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jia Li
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Ping Gu
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | - Smita Sihag
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Sam S. Yoon
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Laura H. Tang
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | - Andrea Cercek
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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49
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Moy RH, Mattar M, Molena D, Strong VE, Jones DR, Coit DG, Tang L, Maron SB, Hechtman JF, de Stanchina E, Janjigian YY. Genomic characterization of a comprehensive collection of esophagogastric cancer patient-derived xenografts. J Clin Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2021.39.3_suppl.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
233 Background: Large-scale sequencing has identified multiple oncogenic drivers and molecularly defined subsets in esophagogastric cancer. However, besides therapies for HER2-positive and microsatellite instability-high disease, few genomic biomarker-driven treatments are currently approved. Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) have emerged as promising preclinical models that capture the heterogeneity and biology of human tumors. Therefore, we established a comprehensive collection of esophagogastric cancer PDXs and performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) to genomically characterize these models. Methods: Starting in 2010, we developed an ongoing program for generating esophagogastric cancer PDXs from fresh tumor specimens that are acquired from surgical resections or biopsies and implanted into NOD scid gamma (NSG) mice either subcutaneously into flanks or orthotopically into the gastric wall. We reviewed clinical and pathologic characteristics of patients from whom established PDXs were derived, including stage, histology, HER2 status and treatment history. To identify oncogenic DNA alterations, NGS was performed on PDX material using MSK-IMPACT, a capture-based NGS platform. Results: From April 2010 to August 2018, we implanted 270 tumor samples, of which 112 were successfully engrafted (41.4%) including 57 gastric adenocarcinomas, 25 gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas, 23 esophageal adenocarcinomas, 4 squamous cell carcinomas and 3 small cell/high-grade neuroendocrine tumors. PDXs were generated from both primary tumors (n = 67, 59.8%) and metastases (n = 45, 40.2%), with many PDXs established from patients with metastatic disease who had progressed on standard therapy (n = 50, 44.6%). In addition, a large number of PDXs were derived from patients initially diagnosed with HER2-positive esophagogastric adenocarcinoma (n = 68, 60.7%). NGS of these PDXs demonstrated frequent alterations in TP53, receptor tyrosine kinases ( ERBB2, EGFR), cell-cycle mediators ( CDK12, CCNE1, CCND3) and histone methyltransferases ( KMT2C, KMT2D), consistent with clinical sequencing. Conclusions: Comprehensive molecular profiling demonstrates that esophagogastric cancer PDXs recapitulate the genomic heterogeneity and tumor biology of patients. This panel represents one of the largest described collections of esophagogastric cancer PDXs and serves as a powerful platform to investigate mechanisms driving tumor growth and metastasis, identify predictive biomarkers for treatment responsiveness and develop novel genomically-driven therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan H. Moy
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Laura Tang
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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50
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van Beek EJAH, Hernandez JM, Goldman DA, Davis JL, McLoughlin KC, Ripley RT, Kim TS, Tang LH, Hechtman JF, Zheng J, Capanu M, Schultz N, Hyman DM, Ladanyi M, Berger MF, Solit DB, Janjigian YY, Strong VE. Correction to: Rates of TP53 Mutation are Significantly Elevated in African American Patients with Gastric Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2020; 27:963. [PMID: 31898094 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-08107-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In the original article Kaitlin C. McLoughlin's name is spelled incorrectly. It is correct as reflected here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke J A H van Beek
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan M Hernandez
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Debra A Goldman
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeremy L Davis
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - R Taylor Ripley
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Teresa S Kim
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura H Tang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jaclyn F Hechtman
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marinela Capanu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nikolaus Schultz
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Marie-Josée & Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David M Hyman
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marc Ladanyi
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael F Berger
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Marie-Josée & Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David B Solit
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Marie-Josée & Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yelena Y Janjigian
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vivian E Strong
- Department of Surgery, Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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