1
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Groß D, van Otterlo WAL, Trapp O, Berthold D. Atroposelective Ni II -Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions Enable a Deeper Understanding of Negishi Couplings: Isolation and Application of Solid Aryl Higher-Order Zincates. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302841. [PMID: 37665654 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The Negishi cross-coupling reactions involves the application of organozinc reagents and is a highly versatile reaction in synthetic organic chemistry. The transmetallation step plays a pivotal role in the mechanism of these types of cross-coupling reactions. In this study, mechanistic investigations are presented indicating that higher-order zincates are the transmetallating active species in Pd- and Ni-catalyzed Negishi cross-coupling reactions. These findings are supported by halide salt addition experiments and by obtaining a single X-ray crystal structure of the solid monoaryl higher-order zincate [1-NaphthylZnX3 ]2- Mg(THF)2 2+ . The procedure developed in this work was further applied to the synthesis of various monoaryl higher-order zincates, after which their synthetic usefulness in terms of high reactivity towards transmetallation in Negishi cross-couplings, as well as stability, was exemplified in several reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Groß
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag XI, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa) ORTEP
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Dino Berthold
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
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2
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Berthold D, van Otterlo WAL. Unprecedented Direct Asymmetric Total Syntheses of 5,8'-Naphthylisoquinoline Alkaloids from their Fully Substituted Precursors Employing a Novel Nickel/N,N-ligand-Catalyzed Atroposelective Cross-Coupling Reaction. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302070. [PMID: 37515575 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
A general and concise synthetic pathway for the preparation of four different 5,8'-coupled naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, employing a specially developed nickel/N,N-ligand-catalyzed atroposelective Negishi coupling is reported. In the first reported direct atroposelective coupling of the fully substituted precursors, the naturally occurring cross-coupled products were generally obtained directly in reasonable yields and high enantiomeric purities. For the synthesis of the cross-coupling precursors, we employed a modification of Bringmann's known approach to the dihydroisoquinoline compounds and a newly developed route for the naphthalene building blocks. For the latter 1,8-dioxynaphthalene precursors, our strategy utilized Hartwig's borylation/methylation approach and included the efficient installation of orthogonal protecting groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dino Berthold
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag XI, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag XI, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
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3
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Sabarwal A, van Rooyen JC, Caburet J, Avgenikos M, Dheeraj A, Ali M, Mishra D, de Meester JSB, Stander S, van Otterlo WAL, Kaschula CH, Singh RP. A novel 4'-brominated derivative of fisetin induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and inhibits EGFR/ERK1/2/STAT3 pathways in non-small-cell lung cancer without any adverse effects in mice. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22654. [PMID: 36421014 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200669rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic toxicity and resistance to currently available treatment options are major clinical challenges for the management of lung cancer. As a novel strategy, we synthesized analogues of a known flavonol, fisetin, which has shown anti-tumorigenic potential against cancer in cell culture with no adverse effects in animal models. We studied the synthetic analogues of fisetin for their anti-cancer potential against lung cancer cells, toxicity in mice and efficacy in a xenograft model. Brominated fisetin analogues were screened for their effects on the viability of A549 and H1299 lung cancer cells, and three analogues (3a, 3b, 3c), showed improved activity compared to fisetin. These analogues were more effective in restricting lung cancer cell proliferation, inducing G2 M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The fisetin analogues also downregulated EGFR/ERK1/2/STAT3 pathways. Fisetin analogue-induced apoptosis was accompanied by a higher Bax to Bcl-2 expression ratio. Based on the in vitro studies, the most effective fisetin analogue 3b was evaluated for in vivo toxicity, wherein it did not show any hepatotoxicity or adverse health effects in mice. Furthermore, analogue 3b showed greater antitumor efficacy (p < .001) as compared to its parent compound fisetin in a human lung cancer cell xenograft study in athymic mice. Together, our data suggest that the novel fisetin analogue 3b is more effective in restricting lung cancer cell growth, both in vitro as well as in vivo, without any apparent toxicity, supporting its further development as a novel anti-lung cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Sabarwal
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Jaco C van Rooyen
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa
| | - Jeremy Caburet
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa.,Sigma Clermont, Université Clermont Auvergne, Aubière, France
| | - Moscos Avgenikos
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa
| | - Arpit Dheeraj
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Mansoor Ali
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepali Mishra
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Joséphine S B de Meester
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa.,Faculté des Sciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Saskia Stander
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa
| | - Catherine H Kaschula
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa
| | - Rana P Singh
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.,Special Centre for Systems Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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4
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van der Westhuizen L, Weisner J, Taher A, Landel I, Quambusch L, Lindemann M, Uhlenbrock N, Müller MP, Green IR, Pelly SC, Rauh D, van Otterlo WAL. Covalent allosteric inhibitors of Akt generated using a click fragment approach. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202100776. [PMID: 35170857 PMCID: PMC9311865 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Akt is a protein kinase that has been implicated in the progression of cancerous tumours. A number of covalent allosteric Akt inhibitors are known, and based on these scaffolds, a small library of novel potential covalent allosteric imidazopyridine‐based inhibitors was designed. The envisaged compounds were synthesised, with click chemistry enabling a modular approach to a number of the target compounds. The binding modes, potencies and antiproliferative activities of these synthesised compounds were explored, thereby furthering the structure activity relationship knowledge of this class of Akt inhibitors. Three novel covalent inhibitors were identified, exhibiting moderate activity against Akt1 and various cancer cell lines, potentially paving the way for future covalent allosteric inhibitors with improved properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jörn Weisner
- TU Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, GERMANY
| | - Abu Taher
- Stellenbosch University, Chemistry and Polymer Science, SOUTH AFRICA
| | - Ina Landel
- TU Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, GERMANY
| | - Lena Quambusch
- TU Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, GERMANY
| | - Marius Lindemann
- TU Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, GERMANY
| | - Niklas Uhlenbrock
- TU Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, GERMANY
| | - Matthias P Müller
- TU Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, GERMANY
| | - Ivan R Green
- Stellenbosch University, Chemistry and Polymer Science, SOUTH AFRICA
| | | | - Daniel Rauh
- TU Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, GERMANY
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Chemistry and Polymer Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Polyme, Merriman Street, 7602, Stellenbosch, SOUTH AFRICA
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5
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Klintworth R, Morgans GL, Scalzullo SM, de Koning CB, van Otterlo WAL, Michael JP. Silica gel and microwave-promoted synthesis of dihydropyrrolizines and tetrahydroindolizines from enaminones. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2543-2552. [PMID: 34760023 PMCID: PMC8551872 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A wide range of N-(ethoxycarbonylmethyl)enaminones, prepared by the Eschenmoser sulfide contraction between N-(ethoxycarbonylmethyl)pyrrolidine-2-thione and various bromomethyl aryl and heteroaryl ketones, underwent cyclization in the presence of silica gel to give ethyl 6-(hetero)aryl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-5-carboxylates within minutes upon microwave heating in xylene at 150 °C. Instead of functioning as a nucleophile, the enaminone acted as an electrophile at its carbonyl group during the cyclization. Yields of the bicyclic products were generally above 75%. The analogous microwave-assisted reaction to produce ethyl 2-aryl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroindolizine-3-carboxylates from (E)-ethyl 2-[2-(2-oxo-2-arylethylidene)piperidin-1-yl]acetates failed in nonpolar solvents, but occurred in ethanol at lower temperature and microwave power, although requiring much longer time. A possible mechanism for the cyclization is presented, and further functionalization of the newly created pyrrole ring in the dihydropyrrolizine core is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Klintworth
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Garreth L Morgans
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Stefania M Scalzullo
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Charles B de Koning
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Joseph P Michael
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa
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6
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Westhuyzen AEVD, Hadjegeorgiou K, Green IR, Pelly SC, Otterlo WALV. Synthesis of pyrrolocarbazoles with N-substituted alkynyl-, alkylcyano- and alkylhydroxyl-groups. ARKIVOC 2020. [DOI: 10.24820/ark.5550190.p011.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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7
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van der Westhuyzen AE, Ingels A, Rosière R, Amighi K, Oberer L, Gustafson KR, Wang D, Evidente A, Maddau L, Masi M, de Villiers A, Green IR, Berger W, Kornienko A, Mathieu V, van Otterlo WAL. Deciphering the chemical instability of sphaeropsidin A under physiological conditions - degradation studies and structural elucidation of the major metabolite. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:8147-8160. [PMID: 33016969 PMCID: PMC7881364 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01586e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The fungal metabolite sphaeropsidin A (SphA) has been recognised for its promising cytotoxicity, particularly towards apoptosis- and multidrug-resistant cancers. Owing to its intriguing activity, the development of SphA as a potential anticancer agent has been pursued. However, this endeavour is compromised since SphA exhibits poor physicochemical stability under physiological conditions. Herein, SphA's instability in biological media was explored utilizing LC-MS. Notably, the degradation tendency was found to be markedly enhanced in the presence of amino acids in the cell medium utilized. Furthermore, the study investigated the presence of degradation adducts, including the identification, isolation and structural elucidation of a major degradation metabolite, (4R)-4,4',4'-trimethyl-3'-oxo-4-vinyl-4',5',6',7'-tetrahydro-3'H-spiro[cyclohexane-1,1'-isobenzofuran]-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid. Considering the reduced cytotoxic potency of aged SphA solutions, as well as that of the isolated degradation metabolite, the reported antiproliferative activity has been attributed primarily to the parent compound (SphA) and not its degradation species. The fact that SphA continues to exhibit remarkable bioactivity, despite being susceptible to degradation, motivates future research efforts to address the challenges associated with this instability impediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alet E van der Westhuyzen
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland, 7600, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa.
| | - Aude Ingels
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, Accès 2, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium. and ULB Cancer Research Center, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Rémi Rosière
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, Accès 2, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium.
| | - Karim Amighi
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, Accès 2, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium.
| | - Lukas Oberer
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Global Discovery Chemistry, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kirk R Gustafson
- Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, USA
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, USA
| | - Antonio Evidente
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Maddau
- Department of Agriculture, Section of Plant Pathology and Entomology, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Marco Masi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - André de Villiers
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland, 7600, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa.
| | - Ivan R Green
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland, 7600, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa.
| | - Walter Berger
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, USA
| | - Veronique Mathieu
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, Accès 2, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium. and ULB Cancer Research Center, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland, 7600, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa.
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8
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Lategahn J, Hardick J, Grabe T, Niggenaber J, Jeyakumar K, Keul M, Tumbrink HL, Becker C, Hodson L, Kirschner T, Klövekorn P, Ketzer J, Baumann M, Terheyden S, Unger A, Weisner J, Müller MP, van Otterlo WAL, Bauer S, Rauh D. Targeting Her2-insYVMA with Covalent Inhibitors-A Focused Compound Screening and Structure-Based Design Approach. J Med Chem 2020; 63:11725-11755. [PMID: 32931277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Mutated or amplified Her2 serves as a driver of non-small cell lung cancer or mediates resistance toward the inhibition of its family member epidermal growth factor receptor with small-molecule inhibitors. To date, small-molecule inhibitors targeting Her2 which can be used in clinical routine are lacking, and therefore, the development of novel inhibitors was undertaken. In this study, the well-established pyrrolopyrimidine scaffold was modified with structural motifs identified from a screening campaign with more than 1600 compounds, which were applied against wild-type Her2 and its mutant variant Her2-A775_G776insYVMA. The resulting inhibitors were designed to covalently target a reactive cysteine in the binding site of Her2 and were further optimized by means of structure-based drug design utilizing a set of obtained complex crystal structures. In addition, the analysis of binding kinetics and absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion parameters as well as mass spectrometry experiments and western blot analysis substantiated our approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Lategahn
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.,Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Julia Hardick
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.,Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Tobias Grabe
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.,Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Janina Niggenaber
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.,Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Kirujan Jeyakumar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.,Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Marina Keul
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.,Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Hannah L Tumbrink
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christian Becker
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Luke Hodson
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, 7602 Matieland, South Africa
| | - Tonia Kirschner
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.,Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Philip Klövekorn
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Julia Ketzer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sarcoma Center, West German Cancer Center, Medical School, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Baumann
- Lead Discovery Center GmbH, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 15, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Susanne Terheyden
- Lead Discovery Center GmbH, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 15, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Anke Unger
- Lead Discovery Center GmbH, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 15, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jörn Weisner
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.,Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Matthias P Müller
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.,Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, 7602 Matieland, South Africa
| | - Sebastian Bauer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sarcoma Center, West German Cancer Center, Medical School, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.,Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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9
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Morgans GL, Fernandes MA, Otterlo WALV, Michael JP. Cyclization of enaminones derived from N-phenacylpyrrolidin-2-ones to pyrrolizines under acidic conditions. ARKIVOC 2020. [DOI: 10.24820/ark.5550190.p011.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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10
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Kreibich M, Gemander M, Peter D, Yadav DB, de Koning CB, Fernandes MA, Green IR, van Otterlo WAL, Brückner R. 6,7‐Benzotropolone Syntheses Based on Ring‐Closing Metatheses and Four‐Electron Oxidations. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kreibich
- Institut für Organische Chemie Albert‐Ludwigs‐Universität Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Manuel Gemander
- Institut für Organische Chemie Albert‐Ludwigs‐Universität Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - David Peter
- Institut für Organische Chemie Albert‐Ludwigs‐Universität Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Dharmendra B. Yadav
- Molecular Sciences Institute School of Chemistry University of the Witwatersrand PO Wits 2050 Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Charles B. de Koning
- Molecular Sciences Institute School of Chemistry University of the Witwatersrand PO Wits 2050 Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Manuel A. Fernandes
- Molecular Sciences Institute School of Chemistry University of the Witwatersrand PO Wits 2050 Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Ivan R. Green
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602 Stellenbosch Western Cape South Africa
| | - Willem A. L. van Otterlo
- Molecular Sciences Institute School of Chemistry University of the Witwatersrand PO Wits 2050 Johannesburg South Africa
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602 Stellenbosch Western Cape South Africa
| | - Reinhard Brückner
- Institut für Organische Chemie Albert‐Ludwigs‐Universität Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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11
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Otterlo WALV. Organic chemistry in South Africa. ARKIVOC 2020. [DOI: 10.24820/ark.5550190.p001.480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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12
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Ciavatta ML, Lefranc F, Vieira LM, Kiss R, Carbone M, van Otterlo WAL, Lopanik NB, Waeschenbach A. The Phylum Bryozoa: From Biology to Biomedical Potential. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E200. [PMID: 32283669 PMCID: PMC7230173 DOI: 10.3390/md18040200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Less than one percent of marine natural products characterized since 1963 have been obtained from the phylum Bryozoa which, therefore, still represents a huge reservoir for the discovery of bioactive metabolites with its ~6000 described species. The current review is designed to highlight how bryozoans use sophisticated chemical defenses against their numerous predators and competitors, and which can be harbored for medicinal uses. This review collates all currently available chemoecological data about bryozoans and lists potential applications/benefits for human health. The core of the current review relates to the potential of bryozoan metabolites in human diseases with particular attention to viral, brain, and parasitic diseases. It additionally weighs the pros and cons of total syntheses of some bryozoan metabolites versus the synthesis of non-natural analogues, and explores the hopes put into the development of biotechnological approaches to provide sustainable amounts of bryozoan metabolites without harming the natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Letizia Ciavatta
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare (ICB), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (M.L.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Florence Lefranc
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Leandro M. Vieira
- Departamento de Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE 50670-901, Brazil;
| | - Robert Kiss
- Retired – formerly at the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (FRS-FNRS), 1000 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Marianna Carbone
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare (ICB), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (M.L.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Willem A. L. van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa;
| | - Nicole B. Lopanik
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA;
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13
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Domingo R, van der Westhuyzen R, Hamann AR, Mostert KJ, Barnard L, Paquet T, Tjhin ET, Saliba KJ, van Otterlo WAL, Strauss E. Overcoming synthetic challenges in targeting coenzyme A biosynthesis with the antimicrobial natural product CJ-15,801. Medchemcomm 2019; 10:2118-2125. [PMID: 32206243 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00312f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The biosynthesis of the essential metabolic cofactor coenzyme A (CoA) has been receiving increasing attention as a new target that shows potential to counter the rising resistance to established antimicrobials. In particular, phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase (PPCS)-the second CoA biosynthesis enzyme that is found as part of the bifunctional CoaBC protein in bacteria, but is monofunctional in eukaryotes-has been validated as a target through extensive genetic knockdown studies in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Moreover, it has been identified as the molecular target of the fungal natural product CJ-15,801 that shows selective activity against Staphylococcus aureus and the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. As such, CJ-15,801 and 4'-phospho-CJ-15,801 (its metabolically active form) are excellent tool compounds for use in the development of new antimicrobial PPCS inhibitors. Unfortunately, further study and analysis of CJ-15,801 is currently being hampered by several unique challenges posed by its synthesis. In this study we describe how these challenges were overcome by using a robust palladium-catalyzed coupling to form the key N-acyl vinylogous carbamate moiety with retention of stereochemistry, and by extensive investigation of protecting groups suited to the labile functional group combinations contained in this molecule. We also demonstrate that using TBAF for deprotection causes undesired off-target effects related to the presence of residual tertiary ammonium salts. Finally, we provide a new method for the chemoenzymatic preparation of 4'-phospho-CJ-15,801 on multi-milligram scale, after showing that chemical synthesis of the molecule is not practical. Taken together, the results of this study advances our pursuit to discover new antimicrobials that specifically target CoA biosynthesis and/or utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyad Domingo
- Department of Biochemistry , Stellenbosch University , Private Bag X1 , Matieland 7602 , South Africa .
| | - Renier van der Westhuyzen
- Department of Biochemistry , Stellenbosch University , Private Bag X1 , Matieland 7602 , South Africa .
| | - Anton R Hamann
- Department of Biochemistry , Stellenbosch University , Private Bag X1 , Matieland 7602 , South Africa .
| | - Konrad J Mostert
- Department of Biochemistry , Stellenbosch University , Private Bag X1 , Matieland 7602 , South Africa .
| | - Leanne Barnard
- Department of Biochemistry , Stellenbosch University , Private Bag X1 , Matieland 7602 , South Africa .
| | - Tanya Paquet
- Department of Biochemistry , Stellenbosch University , Private Bag X1 , Matieland 7602 , South Africa .
| | - Erick T Tjhin
- Research School of Biology , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT , Australia
| | - Kevin J Saliba
- Research School of Biology , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT , Australia.,Medical School , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT , Australia
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science , Stellenbosch University , Private Bag X1 , Matieland 7602 , South Africa
| | - Erick Strauss
- Department of Biochemistry , Stellenbosch University , Private Bag X1 , Matieland 7602 , South Africa .
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14
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Lategahn J, Keul M, Klövekorn P, Tumbrink HL, Niggenaber J, Müller MP, Hodson L, Flaßhoff M, Hardick J, Grabe T, Engel J, Schultz-Fademrecht C, Baumann M, Ketzer J, Mühlenberg T, Hiller W, Günther G, Unger A, Müller H, Heimsoeth A, Golz C, Blank-Landeshammer B, Kollipara L, Zahedi RP, Strohmann C, Hengstler JG, van Otterlo WAL, Bauer S, Rauh D. Inhibition of osimertinib-resistant epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR-T790M/C797S. Chem Sci 2019; 10:10789-10801. [PMID: 31857889 PMCID: PMC6886544 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03445e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We present inhibitors of drug resistant mutants of EGFR including T790M and C797S. In addition, we present the first X-ray crystal structures of covalent inhibitors in complex with C797S-mutated EGFR to gain insight into their binding mode.
Precision medicine has revolutionized the treatment of patients in EGFR driven non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Targeted drugs show high response rates in genetically defined subsets of cancer patients and markedly increase their progression-free survival as compared to conventional chemotherapy. However, recurrent acquired drug resistance limits the success of targeted drugs in long-term treatment and requires the constant development of novel efficient inhibitors of drug resistant cancer subtypes. Herein, we present covalent inhibitors of the drug resistant gatekeeper mutant EGFR-L858R/T790M based on the pyrrolopyrimidine scaffold. Biochemical and cellular characterization, as well as kinase selectivity profiling and western blot analysis, substantiate our approach. Moreover, the developed compounds possess high activity against multi drug resistant EGFR-L858R/T790M/C797S in biochemical assays due to their highly reversible binding character, that was revealed by characterization of the binding kinetics. In addition, we present the first X-ray crystal structures of covalent inhibitors in complex with C797S-mutated EGFR which provide detailed insight into their binding mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Lategahn
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund ; Tel: +49-231-755-7080.,Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD), Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Marina Keul
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund ; Tel: +49-231-755-7080.,Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD), Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Philip Klövekorn
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund ; Tel: +49-231-755-7080
| | - Hannah L Tumbrink
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund ; Tel: +49-231-755-7080
| | - Janina Niggenaber
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund ; Tel: +49-231-755-7080.,Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD), Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Matthias P Müller
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund ; Tel: +49-231-755-7080.,Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD), Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Luke Hodson
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund ; Tel: +49-231-755-7080.,Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science , Stellenbosch University , Private Bag X1 , Matieland 7602 , South Africa
| | - Maren Flaßhoff
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund ; Tel: +49-231-755-7080
| | - Julia Hardick
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund ; Tel: +49-231-755-7080.,Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD), Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Tobias Grabe
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund ; Tel: +49-231-755-7080.,Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD), Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Julian Engel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund ; Tel: +49-231-755-7080
| | | | - Matthias Baumann
- Lead Discovery Center GmbH , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 15 , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Julia Ketzer
- Department of Medical Oncology , Sarcoma Center , West German Cancer Center , University Duisburg-Essen , Medical School , Hufelandstrasse 55 , 45122 Essen , Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) , 69120, Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Thomas Mühlenberg
- Department of Medical Oncology , Sarcoma Center , West German Cancer Center , University Duisburg-Essen , Medical School , Hufelandstrasse 55 , 45122 Essen , Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) , 69120, Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Wolf Hiller
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund ; Tel: +49-231-755-7080
| | - Georgia Günther
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo) , TU Dortmund University , Ardeystrasse 67 , 44139 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Anke Unger
- Lead Discovery Center GmbH , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 15 , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Heiko Müller
- Lead Discovery Center GmbH , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 15 , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Alena Heimsoeth
- Molecular Pathology , Institute of Pathology , University Hospital of Cologne , Kerpener Strasse 62 , 50937 Cologne , Germany.,Department of Translational Genomics , Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn , Medical Faculty , University of Cologne , Weyertal 115b , 50931 Cologne , Germany
| | - Christopher Golz
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund ; Tel: +49-231-755-7080
| | - Bernhard Blank-Landeshammer
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V. , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6b , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Laxmikanth Kollipara
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V. , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6b , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - René P Zahedi
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V. , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6b , 44227 Dortmund , Germany.,Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre , Lady Davis Institute , Jewish General Hospital , McGill University , 3755 Côte Ste-Catherine Road , Montreal , Quebec H3T 1E2 , Canada
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund ; Tel: +49-231-755-7080
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo) , TU Dortmund University , Ardeystrasse 67 , 44139 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science , Stellenbosch University , Private Bag X1 , Matieland 7602 , South Africa
| | - Sebastian Bauer
- Department of Medical Oncology , Sarcoma Center , West German Cancer Center , University Duisburg-Essen , Medical School , Hufelandstrasse 55 , 45122 Essen , Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) , 69120, Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund ; Tel: +49-231-755-7080.,Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD), Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
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15
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Mabank T, Alexandre KB, Pelly SC, Green IR, Otterlo WALV. Synthesis of 2-substituted tetrahydroisoquinolin-6-ols: potential scaffolds for estrogen receptor modulation and/or microtubule degradation. ARKIVOC 2019. [DOI: 10.24820/ark.5550190.p010.962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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16
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Pribut N, Basson AE, van Otterlo WAL, Liotta DC, Pelly SC. Aryl Substituted Benzimidazolones as Potent HIV-1 Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:196-202. [PMID: 30783503 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of HIV as the etiological agent of AIDS, the virus has infected millions of people each year. Fortunately, with the use of HAART, viremia can be suppressed to below detectable levels in the infected individuals, which significantly improves their quality of life and prevents the onset of AIDS. However, HAART is not curative and issues relating to adherence and drug resistance may lead to the re-emergence of viremia, the development of AIDS, and ultimately death. To address a pressing need for the development of new and efficacious antiretroviral agents with activity against viruses bearing prevalent resistant mutations, we have designed two generations of benzimidazolone derivatives as HIV non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. The first generation benzimidazolone inhibitors were found to be potent inhibitors of wild-type HIV reverse transcriptase but were ineffective in the presence of common resistance mutations such as K103N and Y181C. A second generation benzimidazolone inhibitor (compound 42) not only showed inhibitory activity against wild-type HIV but also remained active against HIV containing the K103N, Y181C, and K103N/Y181C drug resistance mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Pribut
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, 7602 Matieland, Western Cape South Africa
| | - Adriaan E. Basson
- School of Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Medical School, Parktown, JHB, Private Bag 3, WITS 2050, South Africa
| | - Willem A. L. van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, 7602 Matieland, Western Cape South Africa
| | - Dennis C. Liotta
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Stephen C. Pelly
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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17
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Dasari R, Błauż A, Medellin DC, Kassim RM, Viera C, Santarosa M, van der Westhuyzen AE, van Otterlo WAL, Olivas T, Yildiz T, Betancourt T, Shuster CB, Rogelj S, Rychlik B, Hudnall T, Frolova LV, Kornienko A. Microtubule-Targeting 7-Deazahypoxanthines Derived from Marine Alkaloid Rigidins: Exploration of the N3 and N9 Positions and Interaction with Multidrug-Resistance Proteins. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:322-333. [PMID: 30562414 PMCID: PMC6476547 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Our laboratories have been investigating synthetic analogues of marine alkaloid rigidins that possess promising anticancer activities. These analogues, based on the 7-deazahypoxanthine skeleton, are available in one- or two-step synthetic sequences and exert cytotoxicity by disrupting microtubule dynamics in cancer cells. In the present work we extended the available structure-activity relationship (SAR) data to N3- and N9-substituted derivatives. Although N3 substitution results in loss of activity, the N9-substituted compounds retain nanomolar antiproliferative activities and the anti-tubulin mode of action of the original unsubstituted compounds. Furthermore, our results also demonstrate that multidrug-resistance (MDR) proteins do not confer resistance to both N9-unsubstituted and -substituted compounds. It was found that sublines overexpressing ABCG2, ABCC1, and ABCB1 proteins are as responsive to the rigidin analogues as their parental cell lines. Thus, the study reported herein provides further impetus to investigate the rigidin-inspired 7-deazahypoxanthines as promising anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Dasari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Andrzej Błauż
- Cytometry Lab, Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, ul. Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Łódź, Poland
| | - Derek C Medellin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Roaa M Kassim
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | - Carlos Viera
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM, 87801, USA
| | - Maximo Santarosa
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM, 87801, USA
| | - Alet E van der Westhuyzen
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Taryn Olivas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Tugba Yildiz
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Tania Betancourt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Charles B Shuster
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | - Snezna Rogelj
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM, 87801, USA
| | - Błażej Rychlik
- Cytometry Lab, Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, ul. Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Łódź, Poland
| | - Todd Hudnall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Liliya V Frolova
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, NM, 87801, USA
| | - Alexander Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
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18
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Johnson MM, Naidoo JM, Fernandes MA, Mmutlane EM, van Otterlo WAL, de Koning CB. Correction to CAN-Mediated Oxidations for the Synthesis of Xanthones and Related Products. J Org Chem 2019; 84:472. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Barnard L, Mostert KJ, van Otterlo WAL, Strauss E. Developing Pantetheinase-Resistant Pantothenamide Antibacterials: Structural Modification Impacts on PanK Interaction and Mode of Action. ACS Infect Dis 2018; 4:736-743. [PMID: 29332383 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.7b00240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pantothenamides (PanAms) are analogues of pantothenate, the biosynthetic precursor of coenzyme A (CoA), and show potent antimicrobial activity against several bacteria and the malaria parasite in vitro. However, pantetheinase enzymes that normally degrade pantetheine in human serum also act on the PanAms, thereby reducing their potency. In this study, we designed analogues of the known antibacterial PanAm N-heptylpantothenamide (N7-Pan) to be resistant to pantetheinase by using three complementary structural modification strategies. We show that, while two of these are effective in imparting resistance, the introduced modifications have an impact on the analogues' interaction with pantothenate kinase (PanK, the first CoA biosynthetic enzyme), which acts as a metabolic activator and/or target of the PanAms. This, in turn, directly affects their mode of action. Importantly, we discover that the phosphorylated version of N7-Pan shows pantetheinase resistance and antistaphylococcal activity, providing a lead for future studies in the ongoing search of PanAm analogues that show in vivo efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne Barnard
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Konrad J. Mostert
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Willem A. L. van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Erick Strauss
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
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20
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Morgans GL, Fernandes MA, van Otterlo WAL, Michael JP. Base-Mediated Cyclization of 3-[2-(2-Oxo-2-phenylethyl)-1-pyrrolidinyl]propanenitrile to 7-Phenyl-1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydroindolizine-6-carbonitrile: What Lies Between? European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Garreth L. Morgans
- Molecular Science Institute; School of Chemistry; University of the Witwatersrand; PO Wits 2050 Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Manuel A. Fernandes
- Molecular Science Institute; School of Chemistry; University of the Witwatersrand; PO Wits 2050 Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Willem A. L. van Otterlo
- Molecular Science Institute; School of Chemistry; University of the Witwatersrand; PO Wits 2050 Johannesburg South Africa
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science; School of Chemistry; Stellenbosch University; 7602 Stellenbosch Matieland South Africa
| | - Joseph P. Michael
- Molecular Science Institute; School of Chemistry; University of the Witwatersrand; PO Wits 2050 Johannesburg South Africa
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21
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Abstract
Alkaloids from the Amaryllidaceae have become valuable targets for synthetic organic chemists, mainly due to their wide variety of bioactivities and potential for utilization in medicinal chemistry ventures. In addition, the structural complexity of a number of these alkaloids has also been a reason for the interest in these compounds. In this review, the last 18 months of literature was perused and synthetic highlights have been presented here, with the hope to further focus attention on this interesting class of compounds and to encourage others to synthesize these compounds and their derivatives and/or analogues. The review contains examples of syntheses from most of the important alkaloid scaffold classes previously isolated from the Amaryllidaceae, namely: lycorine, crinine, galanthamine, tazettine, montanine, phenanthridone, phenanthridine, plicamine, mesembrine and some minor scaffolds (like gracilamine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem A. L. van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Ivan R. Green
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
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22
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van der Westhuyzen AE, Frolova LV, Kornienko A, van Otterlo WAL. The Rigidins: Isolation, Bioactivity, and Total Synthesis-Novel Pyrrolo[2,3-d]Pyrimidine Analogues Using Multicomponent Reactions. Alkaloids Chem Biol 2018; 79:191-220. [PMID: 29455836 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Rigidins (2-6) are pyrrolopyrimidine alkaloids isolated from marine tunicates. Since their isolation, refinement of their total syntheses, and biochemical evaluation, interest toward this pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine scaffold as a medicinal candidate has been triggered. The derivatization of these natural products has led to the discovery of a novel range of 7-deazahypoxanthines, which exhibit extremely potent anticancer activity in human cancer cell lines. A major breakthrough toward the synthesis of rigidin and various rigidin analogues has been the application of multicomponent reactions (MCRs). The rapid assembly of molecular diversity and flexibility displayed by MCRs makes it an attractive strategy for the preparation of rigidin-inspired small molecules. Furthermore, a number of rigidin-like 7-deazaxanthine compounds have been reported in the literature and the popularity of implementing MCRs to construct these 7-deazaxanthines is highlighted here. It is our hope that the synthetic methods described in this chapter will result in the further generation of rigidin-inspired compounds that will move on from being "hits" into "leads" in the medicinal chemistry drug discovery pipeline and potentially into anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aletta E van der Westhuyzen
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Liliya V Frolova
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, United States
| | - Alexander Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, United States
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
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23
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Mkhwanazi NK, de Koning CB, van Otterlo WAL, Ariatti M, Singh M. PEGylation potentiates hepatoma cell targeted liposome-mediated in vitro gene delivery via the asialoglycoprotein receptor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 72:293-301. [PMID: 28063265 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2016-0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a burgeoning health issue in sub-Saharan Africa and East Asia where it is most prevalent. The search for gene medicine treatment modalities for this condition represents a novel departure from current treatment options and is gaining momentum. Here we report on nonPEGylated and on sterically stabilized PEGylated cationic liposomes decorated with D-galacto moieties linked to 24.1 Å spacers for asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R)-targeted vehiculation of pCMV-luc plasmid DNA. Cargo DNA is fully liposome associated at N/P ratio=3:1 and is partially protected from the effects of serum nucleases. Moreover, at this ratio, lipoplex dimensions (89-97 nm) are compatible with the requirements for extravasation in vivo. Ethidium displacement assays show that the reporter DNA is in a less condensed state when bound to PEGylated liposomes than with nonPEGylated liposomes. PEGylated lipoplexes were well tolerated by both HEK293 (ASGP-R-negative) and HepG2 (ASGP-R-positive) cell lines and delivered DNA to the human hepatoma cell line HepG2 by ASGP-R mediation at levels three-fold greater than nonPEGylated lipoplexes. PEGylated ASGP-R-targeted liposomes reported in this study possess the required characteristics for hepatotropic gene delivery and may be considered for further application in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nkosiyethu K Mkhwanazi
- Non-viral Gene Delivery Laboratory, Discipline of Biochemistry, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Charles B de Koning
- Molecular Sciences Institute, Department of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, P. Bag 3, Wits 2050, South Africa
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P. Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Mario Ariatti
- Non-viral Gene Delivery Laboratory, Discipline of Biochemistry, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa, Phone: +27 31 2607981, Fax: +27 31 2607942
| | - Moganavelli Singh
- Non-viral Gene Delivery Laboratory, Discipline of Biochemistry, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Lonwabo Ngodwana
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602 Stellenbosch South Africa
| | - Sritama Bose
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602 Stellenbosch South Africa
| | - Vincent J. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602 Stellenbosch South Africa
| | - Willem A. L. van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602 Stellenbosch South Africa
| | - Gareth E. Arnott
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602 Stellenbosch South Africa
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25
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Masi M, van der Westhuyzen AE, Tabanca N, Evidente M, Cimmino A, Green IR, Bernier UR, Becnel JJ, Bloomquist JR, van Otterlo WAL, Evidente A. Sarniensine, a mesembrine-type alkaloid isolated from Nerine sarniensis, an indigenous South African Amaryllidaceae, with larvicidal and adulticidal activities against Aedes aegypti. Fitoterapia 2016; 116:34-38. [PMID: 27864138 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A new mesembrine-type alkaloid, named sarniensine, was isolated together with tazettine, lycorine, the main alkaloid, and 3-epimacronine from Nerine sarniensis, with the last two produced for the first time by this plant. This Amaryllidaceae, which is indigenous of South Africa, was investigated for its alkaloid content, because the organic extract of its bulbs showed strong larvicidal activity with an LC50 value of 0.008μgμL-1 against first instar Aedes aegypti larvae and with an LD50 value 4.6μg/mosquito against adult female Ae. aegypti, which is the major vector for dengue, yellow fever and the Zika virus. The extract did not show repellency at MED value of 0.375mgcm2 against adult Ae. aegypti. Sarniensine was characterized using spectroscopic and chiroptical methods as (3aR,4Z,6S,7aS)-6-methoxy-3a-(2'-methoxymethyl-benzo [1,3]dioxol-1'-yl)-1-methyl-2,3,3a,6,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-indole. It was less effective against larva at the lowest concentration of 0.1μgμL-1, however it showed strong adulticidal activity with an LD50 value of 1.38±0.056μgmosquito-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Masi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alet E van der Westhuyzen
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Nurhayat Tabanca
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; USDA-ARS, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Marco Evidente
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessio Cimmino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Ivan R Green
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Ulrich R Bernier
- USDA-ARS, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - James J Becnel
- USDA-ARS, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Bloomquist
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Antonio Evidente
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
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26
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Masi M, Cala A, Tabanca N, Cimmino A, Green IR, Bloomquist JR, van Otterlo WAL, Macias FA, Evidente A. Alkaloids with Activity against the Zika Virus Vector Aedes aegypti (L.)-Crinsarnine and Sarniensinol, Two New Crinine and Mesembrine Type Alkaloids Isolated from the South African Plant Nerine sarniensis. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21111432. [PMID: 27801807 PMCID: PMC6273414 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, belonging to the mesembrine- and crinine-types, named crinsarnine (1) and sarniensinol (2), were isolated from the dried bulbs of Nerine sarniensis together with bowdensine (3), sarniensine (4), hippadine (5) and 1-O-acetyl-lycorine (6). Crinsarnine (1) and sarniensinol (2) were characterized using spectroscopic and chiroptical methods as (1S,2S,4aR,10bS)-2,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4,4a,6-hexahydro-5,11b-ethano[1,3]dioxolo-[4,5-j]phenanthridin-1-yl acetate and (6-(3aR,4Z,6S,7aS)-6-methoxy-1-methyl-2,3,3a,6,7,7a-hexa-hydro-1H-indol-3a-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methanol, respectively. Furthermore, the complete spectroscopic characterization of bowdensine (3) is reported for the first time. Compounds 1–6 were evaluated against the Orlando reference strain of Aedes aegypti. None of compounds showed mortality against 1st instar Ae. aegypti larvae at the concentrations tested. In adult topical bioassays, only 1 displayed adulticidal activity with an LD50 = 2.29 ± 0.049 μg/mosquito. As regards the structure-activity relationship, the pretazettine and crinine scaffold in 2 and 4 and in 1 and 3 respectively, proved to be important for their activity, while the pyrrole[de]phenanthridine scaffold present in 5 and 6 was important for their reactivity. Among the pretazettine group compounds, opening of the B ring or the presence of a B ring lactone as well as the trans-stereochemistry of the A/B ring junction, appears to be important for activity, while in crinine-type alkaloids, the substituent at C-2 seems to play a role in their activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Masi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Antonio Cala
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Science, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cádiz, C/República Saharaui 7, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - Nurhayat Tabanca
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Subtropical Horticulture Research Station, 13601 Old Cutler Rd., Miami, FL 33158, USA.
| | - Alessio Cimmino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Ivan R Green
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa.
| | - Jeffrey R Bloomquist
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Subtropical Horticulture Research Station, 13601 Old Cutler Rd., Miami, FL 33158, USA.
| | - Francisco A Macias
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Science, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cádiz, C/República Saharaui 7, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - Antonio Evidente
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
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27
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Pribut N, Veale CGL, Basson AE, van Otterlo WAL, Pelly SC. Application of the Huisgen cycloaddition and 'click' reaction toward various 1,2,3-triazoles as HIV non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:3700-4. [PMID: 27287366 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.05.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The development of novel anti-HIV agents remains an important medicinal chemistry challenge given that no cure for the disease is imminent, and the continued use of current NNRTIs inevitably leads to problems associated with resistance. Inspired by the pyrazole-containing NNRTI lersivirine (LSV), we embarked upon a study to establish whether 1,2,3-triazole heterocycles could be used as a new scaffold for the creation of novel NNRTIs. An especially attractive feature of triazoles used for this purpose is the versatility in accessing variously functionalised systems using either the thermally regulated Huisgen cycloaddition, or the related 'click' reaction. Employing three alternative forms of these reactions, we were able to synthesise a range of triazole compounds and evaluate their efficacy in a phenotypic HIV assay. To our astonishment, even compounds closely mimicking LSV were only moderately effective against HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Pribut
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Clinton G L Veale
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Adriaan E Basson
- AIDS Virus Research Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases. Johannesburg, Private Bag X4, Sandringham 2131, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Stephen C Pelly
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
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28
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Panayides JL, Mathieu V, Banuls LMY, Apostolellis H, Dahan-Farkas N, Davids H, Harmse L, Rey MEC, Green IR, Pelly SC, Kiss R, Kornienko A, van Otterlo WAL. Synthesis and in vitro growth inhibitory activity of novel silyl- and trityl-modified nucleosides. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:2716-24. [PMID: 27157005 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Seventeen silyl- and trityl-modified (5'-O- and 3',5'-di-O-) nucleosides were synthesized with the aim of investigating the in vitro antiproliferative activities of these nucleoside derivatives. A subset of the compounds was evaluated at a fixed concentration of 100μM against a small panel of tumor cell lines (HL-60, K-562, Jurkat, Caco-2 and HT-29). The entire set was also tested at varying concentrations against two human glioma lines (U373 and Hs683) to obtain GI50 values, with the best results being values of ∼25μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny-Lee Panayides
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Pioneering Health Sciences, CSIR Biosciences, PO Box 395, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Véronique Mathieu
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie et de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laetitia Moreno Y Banuls
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie et de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Helen Apostolellis
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Nurit Dahan-Farkas
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Hajierah Davids
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
| | - Leonie Harmse
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - M E Christine Rey
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Ivan R Green
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Stephen C Pelly
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Robert Kiss
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie et de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alexander Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
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29
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Medellin DC, Zhou Q, Scott R, Hill RM, Frail SK, Dasari R, Ontiveros SJ, Pelly SC, van Otterlo WAL, Betancourt T, Shuster CB, Hamel E, Bai R, LaBarbera DV, Rogelj S, Frolova LV, Kornienko A. Novel Microtubule-Targeting 7-Deazahypoxanthines Derived from Marine Alkaloid Rigidins with Potent in Vitro and in Vivo Anticancer Activities. J Med Chem 2015; 59:480-5. [PMID: 26641132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Docking studies of tubulin-targeting C2-substituted 7-deazahypoxanthine analogues of marine alkaloid rigidins led to the design and synthesis of compounds containing linear C2-substituents. The C2-alkynyl analogue was found to have double- to single-digit nanomolar antiproliferative IC50 values and showed statistically significant tumor size reduction in a colon cancer mouse model at nontoxic concentrations. These results provide impetus and further guidance for the development of these rigidin analogues as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek C Medellin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University , San Marcos, Texas 78666, United States
| | - Qiong Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Robert Scott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University , San Marcos, Texas 78666, United States
| | - R Matthew Hill
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University , San Marcos, Texas 78666, United States
| | - Sarah K Frail
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, New Mexico Tech , Socorro, New Mexico 87801, United States
| | - Ramesh Dasari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University , San Marcos, Texas 78666, United States
| | - Steven J Ontiveros
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University , Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, United States
| | - Stephen C Pelly
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University , Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University , Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Tania Betancourt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University , San Marcos, Texas 78666, United States.,Materials Science, Engineering, and Commercialization Program, Texas State University , San Marcos, Texas 78666, United States
| | - Charles B Shuster
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University , Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, United States
| | - Ernest Hamel
- Screening Technologies Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory of Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Ruoli Bai
- Screening Technologies Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory of Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Daniel V LaBarbera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Snezna Rogelj
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, New Mexico Tech , Socorro, New Mexico 87801, United States
| | - Liliya V Frolova
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, New Mexico Tech , Socorro, New Mexico 87801, United States
| | - Alexander Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University , San Marcos, Texas 78666, United States
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30
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Dasari R, De Carvalho A, Medellin DC, Middleton KN, Hague F, Volmar MNM, Frolova LV, Rossato MF, De La Chapa JJ, Dybdal-Hargreaves NF, Pillai A, Mathieu V, Rogelj S, Gonzales CB, Calixto JB, Evidente A, Gautier M, Munirathinam G, Glass R, Burth P, Pelly SC, van Otterlo WAL, Kiss R, Kornienko A. Synthetic and Biological Studies of Sesquiterpene Polygodial: Activity of 9-Epipolygodial against Drug-Resistant Cancer Cells. ChemMedChem 2015; 10:2014-26. [PMID: 26434977 PMCID: PMC4831215 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polygodial, a terpenoid dialdehyde isolated from Polygonum hydropiper L., is a known agonist of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). In this investigation a series of polygodial analogues were prepared and investigated for TRPV1-agonist and anticancer activities. These experiments led to the identification of 9-epipolygodial, which has antiproliferative potency significantly exceeding that of polygodial. 9-Epipolygodial was found to maintain potency against apoptosis-resistant cancer cells as well as those displaying the multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype. In addition, the chemical feasibility for the previously proposed mechanism of action of polygodial, involving the formation of a Paal-Knorr pyrrole with a lysine residue on the target protein, was demonstrated by the synthesis of a stable polygodial pyrrole derivative. These studies reveal rich chemical and biological properties associated with polygodial and its direct derivatives. These compounds should inspire further work in this area aimed at the development of new pharmacological agents, or the exploration of novel mechanisms of covalent modification of biological molecules with natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Dasari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Annelise De Carvalho
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie et de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Derek C Medellin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Kelsey N Middleton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Frédéric Hague
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80000, Amiens, France
| | - Marie N M Volmar
- Neurosurgical Research, University Clinics Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Liliya V Frolova
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM, 87801, USA
| | - Mateus F Rossato
- Center of Innovation and Preclinical Studies, Av. Luiz Boiteux Piazza 1302, Cachoeira do Bom Jesus, Florianópolis, SC, 88056-000, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jorge J De La Chapa
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Nicholas F Dybdal-Hargreaves
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Akshita Pillai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, 1601 Parkview Ave., Rockford, IL, 61107, USA
| | - Véronique Mathieu
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie et de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Snezna Rogelj
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM, 87801, USA
| | - Cara B Gonzales
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - João B Calixto
- Center of Innovation and Preclinical Studies, Av. Luiz Boiteux Piazza 1302, Cachoeira do Bom Jesus, Florianópolis, SC, 88056-000, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Antonio Evidente
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Mathieu Gautier
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80000, Amiens, France
| | - Gnanasekar Munirathinam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, 1601 Parkview Ave., Rockford, IL, 61107, USA
| | - Rainer Glass
- Neurosurgical Research, University Clinics Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Patricia Burth
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n Campus do Valonguinho, Centro-Niterói, RJ, 24020-140, Brazil
| | - Stephen C Pelly
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Robert Kiss
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie et de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alexander Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA.
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31
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Jacobs L, de Kock C, de Villiers KA, Smith PJ, Smith VJ, van Otterlo WAL, Blackie MAL. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Novel Ferroquine and Phenylequine Analogues as Potential Antiplasmodial Agents. ChemMedChem 2015; 10:2099-110. [PMID: 26447782 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
7-Chloroquinoline-based antimalarial drugs are effective in the inhibition of hemozoin formation in the food vacuole of the Plasmodium parasite, the causative agent of malaria. We synthesized five series of ferroquine (FQ) and phenylequine (PQ) derivatives, which display good in vitro efficacy toward both the chloroquine-sensitive (CQS) NF54 (IC50 : 4.2 nm) and chloroquine-resistant (CQR) Dd2 (IC50 : 33.7 nm) strains of P. falciparum. Several compounds were found to have good inhibitory activity against β-hematin formation in an NP-40 detergent assay, with IC50 values ranging between 10.4 and 19.2 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Jacobs
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Carmen de Kock
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X2, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Katherine A de Villiers
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Peter J Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X2, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Vincent J Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Margaret A L Blackie
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa.
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Abstract
Although fungi produce highly structurally diverse metabolites, many of which have served as excellent sources of pharmaceuticals, no fungi-derived agent has been approved as a cancer drug so far. This is despite a tremendous amount of research being aimed at the identification of fungal metabolites with promising anticancer activities. This review discusses the results of clinical testing of fungal metabolites and their synthetic derivatives, with the goal to evaluate how far we are from an approved cancer drug of fungal origin. Also, because in vivo studies in animal models are predictive of the efficacy and toxicity of a given compound in a clinical situation, literature describing animal cancer testing of compounds of fungal origin is reviewed as well. Agents showing the potential to advance to clinical trials are also identified. Finally, the technological challenges involved in the exploitation of fungal biodiversity and procurement of sufficient quantities of clinical candidates are discussed, and potential solutions that could be pursued by researchers are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, USA
| | - Antonio Evidente
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maurizio Vurro
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Via Amendola 122/0, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Véronique Mathieu
- Laboratorie de Cancérologie et de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alessio Cimmino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Marco Evidente
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Willem A. L. van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Ramesh Dasari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, USA
| | - Florence Lefranc
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Erasme; Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Robert Kiss
- Laboratorie de Cancérologie et de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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33
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Dasari R, De Carvalho A, Medellin DC, Middleton KN, Hague F, Volmar MNM, Frolova LV, Rossato MF, De La Chapa JJ, Dybdal-Hargreaves NF, Pillai A, Kälin RE, Mathieu V, Rogelj S, Gonzales CB, Calixto JB, Evidente A, Gautier M, Munirathinam G, Glass R, Burth P, Pelly SC, van Otterlo WAL, Kiss R, Kornienko A. Wittig derivatization of sesquiterpenoid polygodial leads to cytostatic agents with activity against drug resistant cancer cells and capable of pyrrolylation of primary amines. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 103:226-37. [PMID: 26360047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Many types of cancer, including glioma, melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), among others, are resistant to proapoptotic stimuli and thus poorly responsive to current therapies based on the induction of apoptosis in cancer cells. The current investigation describes the synthesis and anticancer evaluation of unique C12-Wittig derivatives of polygodial, a sesquiterpenoid dialdehyde isolated from Persicaria hydropiper (L.) Delabre. These compounds were found to undergo an unprecedented pyrrole formation with primary amines in a chemical model system, a reaction that could be relevant in the biological environment and lead to the pyrrolation of lysine residues in the target proteins. The anticancer evaluation of these compounds revealed their promising activity against cancer cells displaying various forms of drug resistance, including resistance to proapoptotic agents. Mechanistic studies indicated that compared to the parent polygodial, which displays fixative general cytotoxic action against human cells, the C12-Wittig derivatives exerted their antiproliferative action mainly through cytostatic effects explaining their activity against apoptosis-resistant cancer cells. The possibility for an intriguing covalent modification of proteins through a novel pyrrole formation reaction, as well as useful activities against drug resistant cancer cells, make the described polygodial-derived chemical scaffold an interesting new chemotype warranting thorough investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Dasari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
| | - Annelise De Carvalho
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie et de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Derek C Medellin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
| | - Kelsey N Middleton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
| | - Frédéric Hague
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Marie N M Volmar
- Neurosurgical Research, University Clinics Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Liliya V Frolova
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Tech, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM 87801, USA; Department of Biology, New Mexico Tech, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM 87801, USA
| | - Mateus F Rossato
- Center of Innovation and Preclinical Studies, Luiz Boiteux Piazza 1302, Cachoeira do Bom Jesus, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, UFSC, Florianópolis SC 88.056-000, Brazil
| | - Jorge J De La Chapa
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, Cancer Therapy and Research Center, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | | | - Akshita Pillai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, 1601 Parkview Ave, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Roland E Kälin
- Neurosurgical Research, University Clinics Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Véronique Mathieu
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie et de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Snezna Rogelj
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Tech, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM 87801, USA; Department of Biology, New Mexico Tech, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM 87801, USA
| | - Cara B Gonzales
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, Cancer Therapy and Research Center, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - João B Calixto
- Center of Innovation and Preclinical Studies, Luiz Boiteux Piazza 1302, Cachoeira do Bom Jesus, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, UFSC, Florianópolis SC 88.056-000, Brazil
| | - Antonio Evidente
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Mathieu Gautier
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Gnanasekar Munirathinam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, 1601 Parkview Ave, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Rainer Glass
- Neurosurgical Research, University Clinics Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Patricia Burth
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n° Campus do Valonguinho, Centro-Niterói, RJ 24020-140, Brazil
| | - Stephen C Pelly
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Robert Kiss
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie et de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alexander Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.
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34
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Yadav DB, Taleli L, van der Westhuyzen AE, Fernandes MA, Dragoun M, Prokop A, Schmalz HG, de Koning CB, van Otterlo WAL. Synthesis of Diverse 6-Oxa-allocolchicinoids by a Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling, Acid-Catalyzed Intramolecular Transacetalization Strategy. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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35
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Weisner J, Gontla R, van der Westhuizen L, Oeck S, Ketzer J, Janning P, Richters A, Mühlenberg T, Fang Z, Taher A, Jendrossek V, Pelly SC, Bauer S, van Otterlo WAL, Rauh D. Covalent-Allosteric Kinase Inhibitors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:10313-6. [PMID: 26110718 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Targeting and stabilizing distinct kinase conformations is an instrumental strategy for dissecting conformation-dependent signaling of protein kinases. Herein the structure-based design, synthesis, and evaluation of pleckstrin homology (PH) domain-dependent covalent-allosteric inhibitors (CAIs) of the kinase Akt is reported. These inhibitors bind covalently to a distinct cysteine of the kinase and thereby stabilize the inactive kinase conformation. These modulators exhibit high potency and selectivity, and represent an innovative approach for chemical biology and medicinal chemistry research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörn Weisner
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund (Germany)
| | - Rajesh Gontla
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund (Germany)
| | | | - Sebastian Oeck
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Department of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Medical School (Germany)
| | - Julia Ketzer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sarcoma Center, West German Cancer Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Medical School (Germany).,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg (Germany)
| | - Petra Janning
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Abteilung Chemische Biologie, Dortmund (Germany)
| | - André Richters
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund (Germany)
| | - Thomas Mühlenberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sarcoma Center, West German Cancer Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Medical School (Germany).,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg (Germany)
| | - Zhizhou Fang
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund (Germany)
| | - Abu Taher
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland (South Africa)
| | - Verena Jendrossek
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Department of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Medical School (Germany)
| | - Stephen C Pelly
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland (South Africa)
| | - Sebastian Bauer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sarcoma Center, West German Cancer Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Medical School (Germany).,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg (Germany)
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland (South Africa)
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund (Germany).
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hassam
- Department
of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag
X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Abu Taher
- Department
of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag
X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Gareth E. Arnott
- Department
of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag
X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Ivan R. Green
- Department
of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag
X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Willem A. L. van Otterlo
- Department
of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag
X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
- School
of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
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37
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Govender D, Islam RU, De Koning CB, van Otterlo WAL, Arbuthnot P, Ariatti M, Singh M. Stealth lipoplex decorated with triazole-tethered galactosyl moieties: a strong hepatotropic gene vector. Biotechnol Lett 2014; 37:567-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-014-1729-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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38
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Müller R, Mulani I, Basson AE, Pribut N, Hassam M, Morris L, van Otterlo WAL, Pelly SC. Novel indole based NNRTIs with improved potency against wild type and resistant HIV. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4376-4380. [PMID: 25176191 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic remains a significant problem, especially in developing nations where the social and economic impacts are severe. Until a cure or vaccine for the disease is found, a constant supply of new compounds to fill the drug development pipeline is a requirement, given the tendency for the virus to rapidly develop resistance to current therapies. Here we disclose our efforts to improve upon the efficacy of cyclopropyl-indole derivatives developed as NNRTIs in our laboratories. To this end, modifications to the functionality occupying the small Val179 pocket have resulted in nearly two orders of magnitude increase in potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronel Müller
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, 7602 Matieland, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Iqbal Mulani
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, 7602 Matieland, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Adriaan E Basson
- AIDS Virus Research Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Private Bag X4, Sandringham 2131, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Nicole Pribut
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, 7602 Matieland, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Mohammad Hassam
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, 7602 Matieland, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Lynn Morris
- AIDS Virus Research Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Private Bag X4, Sandringham 2131, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, 7602 Matieland, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Stephen C Pelly
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, 7602 Matieland, Western Cape, South Africa.
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Scott R, Karki M, Reisenauer MR, Rodrigues R, Dasari R, Smith WR, Pelly SC, van Otterlo WAL, Shuster CB, Rogelj S, Magedov IV, Frolova LV, Kornienko A. Synthetic and biological studies of tubulin targeting c2-substituted 7-deazahypoxanthines derived from marine alkaloid rigidins. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:1428-1435. [PMID: 24644272 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201300532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
C2-aryl- and C2-alkyl-7-deazahypoxanthines as analogues of marine alkaloid rigidins were prepared utilizing novel synthetic methods developed for the construction of the pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine ring system. The new compounds exhibited sub-micromolar to nanomolar antiproliferative potencies against a panel of cell lines including in vitro models for drug-resistant tumors, such as glioblastoma, melanoma and non-small-cell lung cancer. A selected representative C2-methyl-7-deazahypoxanthine was found to inhibit microtubule dynamics in cancer cells, lending evidence for tubulin targeting as a mode of action for these compounds in cancer cells. The results of the docking studies utilizing the colchicine site on β-tubulin were consistent with the observed structure-activity relationship data, including an important finding that derivatization at C2 with linear alkyl groups leads to the retention of activity, thus permitting the attachment of a biotin-containing linker for the subsequent proteomics assays. Because many microtubule-targeting compounds are successfully used to fight cancer in the clinic, the reported antitubulin rigidin analogues have significant potential as new anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Scott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Menuka Karki
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA
| | - Mary R Reisenauer
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801, USA
| | - Roberta Rodrigues
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Ramesh Dasari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - W Ross Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Stephen C Pelly
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Charles B Shuster
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA
| | - Snezna Rogelj
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801, USA
| | - Igor V Magedov
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801, USA
| | - Liliya V Frolova
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801, USA
| | - Alexander Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
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40
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Schneider R, Gohla A, Simard JR, Yadav DB, Fang Z, van Otterlo WAL, Rauh D. Overcoming compound fluorescence in the FLiK screening assay with red-shifted fluorophores. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:8400-8. [PMID: 23672540 DOI: 10.1021/ja403074j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In the attempt to discover novel chemical scaffolds that can modulate the activity of disease-associated enzymes, such as kinases, biochemical assays are usually deployed in high-throughput screenings. First-line assays, such as activity-based assays, often rely on fluorescent molecules by measuring a change in the total emission intensity, polarization state, or energy transfer to another fluorescent molecule. However, under certain conditions, intrinsic compound fluorescence can lead to difficult data analysis and to false-positive, as well as false-negative, hits. We have reported previously on a powerful direct binding assay called fluorescent labels in kinases ('FLiK'), which enables a sensitive measurement of conformational changes in kinases upon ligand binding. In this assay system, changes in the emission spectrum of the fluorophore acrylodan, induced by the binding of a ligand, are translated into a robust assay readout. However, under the excitation conditions of acrylodan, intrinsic compound fluorescence derived from highly conjugated compounds complicates data analysis. We therefore optimized this method by identifying novel fluorophores that excite in the far red, thereby avoiding compound fluorescence. With this advancement, even rigid compounds with multiple π-conjugated ring systems can now be measured reliably. This study was performed on three different kinase constructs with three different labeling sites, each undergoing distinct conformational changes upon ligand binding. It may therefore serve as a guideline for the establishment of novel fluorescence-based detection assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Schneider
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max-Planck-Society , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 15, 44137 Dortmund, Germany
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41
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Ngodwana L, Kleinhans DJ, Smuts AJ, van Otterlo WAL, Arnott GE. Selective derivatisation of resorcinarene ethers via an ortholithiation approach. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra00141e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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42
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Sewbalas A, Islam RU, van Otterlo WAL, de Koning CB, Singh M, Arbuthnot P, Ariatti M. Enhancement of transfection activity in HEK293 cells by lipoplexes containing cholesteryl nitrogen-pivoted aza-crown ethers. Med Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-012-0252-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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43
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Getlik M, Simard JR, Termathe M, Grütter C, Rabiller M, van Otterlo WAL, Rauh D. Fluorophore labeled kinase detects ligands that bind within the MAPK insert of p38α kinase. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39713. [PMID: 22768308 PMCID: PMC3388095 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of small molecules known to modulate kinase activity, target the highly conserved ATP-pocket. Consequently, such ligands are often less specific and in case of inhibitors, this leads to the inhibition of multiple kinases. Thus, selective modulation of kinase function remains a major hurdle. One of the next great challenges in kinase research is the identification of ligands which bind to less conserved sites and target the non-catalytic functions of protein kinases. However, approaches that allow for the unambiguous identification of molecules that bind to these less conserved sites are few in number. We have previously reported the use of fluorescent labels in kinases (FLiK) to develop direct kinase binding assays that exclusively detect ligands which stabilize inactive (DFG-out) kinase conformations. Here, we present the successful application of the FLiK approach to develop a high-throughput binding assay capable of directly monitoring ligand binding to a remote site within the MAPK insert of p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Guided by the crystal structure of an initially identified hit molecule in complex with p38α, we developed a tight binding ligand which may serve as an ideal starting point for further investigations of the biological function of the MAPK insert in regulating the p38α signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthäus Getlik
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Dortmund, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jeffrey R. Simard
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Dortmund, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Martin Termathe
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Dortmund, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christian Grütter
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Dortmund, Germany
- Fakultät Chemie, Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Matthias Rabiller
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Dortmund, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Willem A. L. van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Dortmund, Germany
- Fakultät Chemie, Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, Germany
- * E-mail:
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44
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Hassam M, Basson AE, Liotta DC, Morris L, van Otterlo WAL, Pelly SC. Novel Cyclopropyl-Indole Derivatives as HIV Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2012; 3:470-5. [PMID: 24900496 DOI: 10.1021/ml3000462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The HIV pandemic represents one of the most serious diseases to face mankind in both a social and economic context, with many developing nations being the worst afflicted. Due to ongoing resistance issues associated with the disease, the design and synthesis of anti-HIV agents presents a constant challenge for medicinal chemists. Utilizing molecular modeling, we have designed a series of novel cyclopropyl indole derivatives as HIV non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and carried out their preparation. These compounds facilitate a double hydrogen bonding interaction to Lys101 and efficiently occupy the hydrophobic pockets in the regions of Tyr181/188 and Val179. Several of these compounds inhibited HIV replication as effectively as nevirapine when tested in a phenotypic assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hassam
- Department
of Chemistry and
Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Adriaan E. Basson
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Dennis C. Liotta
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Lynn Morris
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Willem A. L. van Otterlo
- Department
of Chemistry and
Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Stephen C. Pelly
- Department
of Chemistry and
Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Western Cape, South Africa
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45
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Reynolds C, de Koning CB, Pelly SC, van Otterlo WAL, Bode ML. In search of a treatment for HIV--current therapies and the role of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:4657-70. [PMID: 22618809 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35058k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome), a disease in which the immune system progressively deteriorates, making sufferers vulnerable to all manner of opportunistic infections. Currently, world-wide there are estimated to be 34 million people living with HIV, with the vast majority of these living in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, an important research focus is development of new drugs that can be used in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. This review gives an overview of the disease and addresses the drugs currently used for treatment, with specific emphasis on new developments within the class of allosteric non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chevonne Reynolds
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, PO WITS, 2050, South Africa
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46
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Luchetti G, Johnston R, Mathieu V, Lefranc F, Hayden K, Andolfi A, Lamoral-Theys D, Reisenauer MR, Champion C, Pelly SC, van Otterlo WAL, Magedov IV, Kiss R, Evidente A, Rogelj S, Kornienko A. Bulbispermine: a crinine-type Amaryllidaceae alkaloid exhibiting cytostatic activity toward apoptosis-resistant glioma cells. ChemMedChem 2012; 7:815-22. [PMID: 22389235 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201100608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2011] [Revised: 02/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The Amaryllidaceae alkaloid bulbispermine was derivatized to produce a small group of synthetic analogues. These, together with bulbispermine's natural crinine-type congeners, were evaluated in vitro against a panel of cancer cell lines with various levels of resistance to pro-apoptotic stimuli. Bulbispermine, haemanthamine, and haemanthidine showed the most potent antiproliferative activities as determined by the MTT colorimetric assay. Among the synthetic bulbispermine analogues, only the C1,C2-dicarbamate derivative exhibited notable growth inhibitory properties. All active compounds were found not to discriminate between the cancer cell lines based on the apoptosis sensitivity criterion; they displayed similar potencies in both cell types, indicating that the induction of apoptosis is not the primary mechanism responsible for antiproliferative activity in this series of compounds. It was also found that bulbispermine inhibits the proliferation of glioblastoma cells through cytostatic effects, possibly arising from rigidification of the actin cytoskeleton. These findings lead us to argue that crinine-type alkaloids are potentially useful drug leads for the treatment of apoptosis-resistant cancers and glioblastoma in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Luchetti
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801, USA
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47
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Evdokimov NM, Lamoral-Theys D, Mathieu V, Andolfi A, Frolova LV, Pelly SC, van Otterlo WAL, Magedov IV, Kiss R, Evidente A, Kornienko A. In search of a cytostatic agent derived from the alkaloid lycorine: synthesis and growth inhibitory properties of lycorine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:7252-61. [PMID: 22019045 PMCID: PMC3383042 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2011] [Revised: 08/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
As a continuation of our studies aimed at the development of a new cytostatic agent derived from an Amaryllidaceae alkaloid lycorine, we synthesized 32 analogues of this natural product. This set of synthetic analogues included compounds incorporating selective derivatization of the C1 versus C2 hydroxyl groups, aromatized ring C, lactamized N6 nitrogen, dihydroxylated C3-C3a olefin functionality, transposed olefin from C3-C3a to C2-C3 or C3a-C4, and C1 long-chain fatty esters. All synthesized compounds were evaluated for antiproliferative activities in vitro in a panel of tumor cell lines including those exhibiting resistance to proapoptotic stimuli and representing solid cancers associated with dismal prognoses, such as melanoma, glioblastoma, and non-small-cell lung cancer. Most active analogues were not discriminatory between cancer cells displaying resistance or sensitivity to apoptosis, indicating that these compounds are thus able to overcome the intrinsic resistance of cancer cells to pro-apoptotic stimuli. 1,2-Di-O-allyllycorine was identified as a lycorine analogue, which is 100 times more potent against a U373 human glioblastoma model than the parent natural product. Furthermore, a number of synthetic analogues were identified as promising for the forthcoming in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai M. Evdokimov
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico 87801, USA
| | - Delphine Lamoral-Theys
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Toxicologie et Chimie Physique Appliquée and Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Véronique Mathieu
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anna Andolfi
- Dipartimento di Scienze, del Suolo, della Pianta, dell'Ambiente e delle Produzioni Animali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Liliya V. Frolova
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico 87801, USA
| | - Stephen C. Pelly
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Willem A. L. van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Igor V. Magedov
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico 87801, USA
| | - Robert Kiss
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Antonio Evidente
- Dipartimento di Scienze, del Suolo, della Pianta, dell'Ambiente e delle Produzioni Animali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Alexander Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico 87801, USA
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48
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Greenshields MWCC, Hümmelgen IA, Mamo MA, Shaikjee A, Mhlanga SD, van Otterlo WAL, Coville NJ. Composites of polyvinyl alcohol and carbon (coils, undoped and nitrogen doped multiwalled carbon nanotubes) as ethanol, methanol and toluene vapor sensors. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2011; 11:10211-10218. [PMID: 22413367 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2011.4991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the chemical sensing behavior of composites prepared with polyvinyl alcohol and carbon materials (undoped multiwalled carbon nanotubes, nitrogen-doped multiwalled carbon nanotubes and carbon nanocoils). We determine the sensitivity of thin films of these composites for ethanol, methanol and toluene vapor, comparing their conductance and capacitance responses. The composite that exhibits highest sensitivity depends on specific vapor, vapor concentration and measured electrical response, showing that the interactivity of the carbon structure with chemical species depend on structural specificities of the carbon structure and doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia W C C Greenshields
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19044, 81531-990 Curitiba, Brazil
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49
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Magedov IV, Frolova L, Manpadi M, Bhoga UD, Tang H, Evdokimov NM, George O, Georgiou KH, Renner S, Getlik M, Kinnibrugh TL, Fernandes MA, Van slambrouck S, Steelant WFA, Shuster CB, Rogelj S, van Otterlo WAL, Kornienko A. Anticancer properties of an important drug lead podophyllotoxin can be efficiently mimicked by diverse heterocyclic scaffolds accessible via one-step synthesis. J Med Chem 2011; 54:4234-46. [PMID: 21615090 DOI: 10.1021/jm200410r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Structural simplification of an antimitotic natural product podophyllotoxin with mimetic heterocyclic scaffolds constructed using multicomponent reactions led to the identification of compounds exhibiting low nanomolar antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing properties. The most potent compounds were found in the dihydropyridopyrazole, dihydropyridonaphthalene, dihydropyridoindole, and dihydropyridopyrimidine scaffold series. Biochemical mechanistic studies performed with dihydropyridopyrazole compounds showed that these heterocycles inhibit in vitro tubulin polymerization and disrupt the formation of mitotic spindles in dividing cells at low nanomolar concentrations, in a manner similar to podophyllotoxin itself. Separation of a racemic dihydropyridonaphthalene into individual enantiomers demonstrated that only the optical antipode matching the absolute configuration of podophyllotoxin possessed potent anticancer activity. Computer modeling, performed using the podophyllotoxin binding site on β-tubulin, provided a theoretical understanding of these successful experimental findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor V Magedov
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico 87801, United States.
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50
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Möcklinghoff S, van Otterlo WAL, Rose R, Fuchs S, Zimmermann TJ, Dominguez Seoane M, Waldmann H, Ottmann C, Brunsveld L. Design and evaluation of fragment-like estrogen receptor tetrahydroisoquinoline ligands from a scaffold-detection approach. J Med Chem 2011; 54:2005-11. [PMID: 21381753 DOI: 10.1021/jm1011116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A library of small tetrahydroisoquinoline ligands, previously identified via structure- and chemistry-based hierarchical organization of library scaffolds in tree-like arrangements, has been generated as novel estrogen receptor agonistic fragments via traditional medicinal chemistry exploration. The approach described has allowed for the rapid evaluation of a structure-activity relationship of the ligands concerning estrogen receptor affinity and estrogen receptor β subtype selectivity. The structural biological insights obtained from the fragments aid the understanding of larger analogues and constitute attractive starting points for further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Möcklinghoff
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Den Dolech 2, 5612AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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