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Zhao H, Sun Q, Jiang XH, Yuan XH, Peng JS. [Application progress of clinical outcome assessment measures in patients with gastric cancer]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2024; 27:92-98. [PMID: 38262907 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20230308-00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a common tumor of the gastrointestinal tract, and the global trend in morbidity and mortality are not encouraging. Especially in advanced gastric cancer, patient survival outcome is an essential clinical concern and a vital outcome indicator in clinical outcome assessment. This article reviews the definition of clinical outcome assessment and the measurement tools that can be applied in gastric cancer patients, describes the detailed classification of clinical outcome assessment tools, and reviews the current status of the application of clinical outcome assessment in gastric cancer, analyzing the effects and shortcomings of its application, to provide a reference for the clinical staff in choosing the appropriate tools, and assisting in the comprehensive and holistic assessment of clinical outcomes for the promotion of the development of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhao
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Q Sun
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - X H Jiang
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - X H Yuan
- Department of Stomach Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - J S Peng
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; Department of General Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
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Du W, Li Y, Shen FH, Jiang XH, Tian JR, Fan HM. [Effects of heat exposure and vitamin C intervention on oxidative stress and blood pressure changes in treadmill rats]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2023; 41:112-117. [PMID: 36882274 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20211217-00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of oxidative stress caused by heat exposure on the blood pressure increase of treadmill rats and the intervention of antioxidants. Methods: In June 2021, Twenty-four healthy SD male rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal temperature feeding, normal temperature treadmill, high temperature treadmill and high temperature treadmill supplementation with vitamin C groups, 6 rats in each group. The rats run on the platform in normal temperature or heat exposure environment for 30 min in the morning and in the afternoon daily, 6 days per week. The daily vitamin C supplement dose of high temperature treadmill supplementation with vitamin C group was 10 mg/kg. BP recordings were done at the end of the week. The rat vascular lipofuscin (LF) was detected by ELISA, the rat serum nitric oxide (NO) was detected by nitrate reductase method, the serum malondialdehyde (MDA) was detected by thibabituric acid method, the serum glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected by chemiluminescence method, and the serum catalase (CAT) was detected by ammonium molybdate method. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of serum was measured by iron reduction/antioxidant capacity method, and the content of nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in vascular tissue was measured by Western blot. The intra-group mean was compared by repeated measurement analysis of variance, and the inter-group mean was compared by single-factor analysis of variance and post-event LSD-t test. Results: Compared with the previous time point, the systolic BP and diastolic BP of the high temperature treadmill group were significantly increased at 7, 14 and 21 d, and decreased at 28 d which were higher than the initial level (P<0.05), and the systolic BP and diastolic BP values at each experimental time point were significantly higher than those of normal temperature treadmill group (P<0.001). The changes of thickening of the artery wall, no smoothing of the endodermis and irregular arrangement of muscle cells in high temperature treadmill group were observed. Compared with the normal temperature treadmill group, the content of MDA in serum, and LF in vascular tissue were significantly increased, the activities of SOD, CAT, T-AOC, the content of NO in serum, and the expression of Nrf2 in vascular tissue were significantly decreased in high temperature treadmill group (P<0.05). Compared with the high temperature treadmill group, the systolic BP and diastolic BP values at 7, 14, 21 and 28 d, the content of serum MDA and LF in vascular tissue were significantly decreased, the activities of CAT and T-AOC, and the expression of Nrf2 in vascular tissue significantly increased (P<0.05), the histopathological changes of the artery wall improved in high temperature treadmill supplementation with vitamin C group. Conclusion: Heat exposure has effect on oxidative stress, which may be related to the increase of BP. Vitamin C as an anti-oxidative enhancer can prevent those negative effects, which could alleviate the pathological changes of vessel intima in heat-exposed rats. And the Nrf2 may be a regulated factor to vascular protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Du
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Y Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - F H Shen
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - X H Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - J R Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - H M Fan
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
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Huang YH, Jiang XH, Yuan H, Zou HY, Mao W. [Applied anatomical study and clinical application of the caudate lobe boundary and ductal system of the liver]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2022; 30:1100-1106. [PMID: 36727235 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20210823-00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the relationship between the hepatic caudate lobe boundary and the ductal system so as to guide the identification of the anatomical relationship during liver surgery. Methods: The specific parts were observed and the liver parenchyma was removed according to 41 cadaveric liver autopsy specimens. The critical relationship between the hepatic caudate lobe and other ducts was observed to explore the reticular duct structure. Results: The plane formed by the hepatic hilar plate and Arantius ligament served as the boundary between the caudate lobe and other hepatic lobes. The caudate lobe hepatic portal vein was composed of numerous small branches from its left and right branches. The portal vein adjacent to the vena cava was mainly derived from the left branch, and to a lesser extent from the right branch. Blood was drained straight from the caudate lobe vein into the inferior vena cava via the short hepatic vein. There were three or four bile duct branches in the caudate lobe. The main source of arterial blood flow were the left and right branches of the hepatic artery. An avascular zone of loose connective tissue was found between the caudate lobe and the retrohepatic inferior vena cava. Conclusion: The hepatic caudate lobe is an independent lobe. During hepatic caudate lobe surgery, the plane formed by the hepatic hilar plate and Arantius ligament can serve as the boundary between the caudate lobe and other hepatic lobes and be used for anatomical site identification. The duct system of the caudate lobe's is complicated, but it also has its own distinct regularity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Huang
- Department of General Surgery, the Ninth Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330002, China
| | - X H Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, the Ninth Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330002, China
| | - H Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, the Ninth Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330002, China
| | - H Y Zou
- Department of General Surgery, the Ninth Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330002, China
| | - W Mao
- Department of General Surgery, the Ninth Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330002, China
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Xu JY, Zhang S, Song C, Jiang XH. [Effects of gastrectomy on quality of life of patients with gastric cancer and its evaluation methods]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022; 25:636-644. [PMID: 35844129 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20220115-00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Surgery is the main curative treatment for gastric cancer. As surgical techniques continue to improve, the scope of radical resection and lymph node dissection has formed consensus and guidelines, so people's attention has gradually shifted to the quality of life (QOL) of patients after surgery. Postgastrectomy syndrome is a series of symptoms and signs caused by complications after gastrectomy, which can affect the quality of life of patients with gastric cancer after surgery. Gastrectomy and anastomosis are closely related to postgastrectomy syndrome. The selection of appropriate surgical methods is very important to the quality of life of patients after surgery. This article reviews the effects of gastrectomy procedures on postoperative quality of life of patients with gastric cancer and its evaluation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Xu
- Deparment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - S Zhang
- Deparment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - C Song
- Deparment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - X H Jiang
- Deparment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai 200120, China
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Wang Z, Shi LS, Liu HL, Wang ZZ, Jiang XH, Chen HW, Yang G, Gu K, Ju WZ, Chen M. [Clinical characteristics and long-term follow-up results of radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of ventricular tachycardia in patients with arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2022; 50:549-555. [PMID: 35705463 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20210927-00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the acute and long-term outcome of catheter ablation for the treatment of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in patients with arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy (ALVC). Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study enrolled ALVC patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of VT at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2011 to December 2018 and collected their clinical characteristics and intraoperative electrophysiological examination. Patients were followed up every 6 months after radiofrequency ablation until August 2021. Echocardiographic results and VT recurrence post radiofrequency ablation were analysed. Results: Totally 12 patients were enrolled (mean age: (42±15) years, 11 males(11/12)). The mean of left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVDd) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were (51±5)mm and (65±5)%, respectively. Twelve VTs were induced in 10 patients during the electrophysiological study, and the mean tachycardia cycle length was (293±65) ms. Three-dimensional substrate mapping revealed the diseased area at endocardial site in one patient, at epicardial sites in the other 11 patients (involved endocardial sites in 2 cases) with the basal part near the mitral annulus being the predilection for the substrate (10/11). After the catheter ablation at the endocardial and epicardial sites respectively, the complete procedure endpoint was achieved in all patients (VT cannot be induced post ablation). The median follow-up time was 65 (25, 123) months. One patient was lost to follow-up, and the other 11 patients survived without VT. No significant cardiac function deterioration was detected by the echocardiographic examination ((51±5)mm vs. (52±5)mm, P>0.05 for LVDd, (65±5)% vs. (60±6)%, P>0.05 for LVEF) at the end of follow-up. Conclusion: After radiofrequency ablation, the complete procedure endpoint is achieved in ALVC patients, and the catheter ablation provides long-term ventricular tachycardia control during the long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000 China
| | - L S Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - H L Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000 China
| | - Z Z Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000 China
| | - X H Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000 China
| | - H W Chen
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000 China
| | - G Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000 China
| | - K Gu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000 China
| | - W Z Ju
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000 China
| | - Minglong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000 China
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Guo LJ, Jiang XH, He WF, Yu P, Wan R, Kong QL, Liu C, Yu JH, You ZG, Chen Q, Zhu B, Wu YQ, Xu JS, Hong K. [Prevalence of CYP2C19 gene mutations in patients with coronary heart disease and its biological activation effect in clopidogrel antiplatelet response]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2021; 49:43-48. [PMID: 33429485 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200424-00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of CYP2C19 gene mutations on clopidogrel antiplatelet activity in the patients with coronary heart disease treated by percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods: Patients with coronary heart disease, who hospitalized in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from March 2011 to June 2019, and healthy individuals with matching genetic background, gender, and age as controls were included in this study. Basic clinical data were analyzed and blood samples of all research subjects were obtained for extraction of DNA, and Sanger first-generation sequencing method was used to detect CYP2C19 gene mutation from full exon and exon and intron junction. CYP2C19 gene variations in patients with coronary heart disease were compared with the 1000 Genomes Browse database and the sequencing results of healthy controls to determine whether the gene variation was a genetic mutation or a genetic polymorphism. After that, PolyPhen-2 prediction software was used to analyze the harmfulness of gene mutations to predict the effect of mutations on protein function. The same dose of CYP2C19 wild-type plasmid and the CYP2C19 gene mutant plasmids were transfected into human normal liver cells HL-7702. After transfection of 24 h, the expression of CYP2C19 protease in each group was detected. The liver S9 protein was incubated with clopidogrel, acted on platelets to detect the platelet aggregation rate and the activity of human vasodilator-activated phosphoprotein (VASP). Results: A total of 1 493 patients with coronary heart disease (59.36%) were enrolled, the average age was (64.5±10.4) years old, of which 1 129 were male (75.62%). Meanwhile, 1 022 healthy physical examination volunteers (40.64%) were enrolled, and the average age was (64.1±11.0) years old, of which 778 were male (76.13%). A total of 5 gene mutations of CYP2C19 gene were identified in 12 patients (0.80%), namely, 4 known mutations T130K (1 case), M136K (6 cases), N277K (3 cases), V472I (1 case) and one new mutation G27V (1 case), no corresponding gene mutation was found in healthy controls. It was found that T130K and M136K were probably damaging, G27V was possibly damaging, and N277K and V472I were benign mutations. In vitro, we demonstrated that the platelet aggregation rate of the M136K gene mutation group was 24.83% lower than that of the wild type (59.58% vs. 34.75%; P<0.05), and the phosphorylated VASP level was 23.0% higher than that of the wild type (1.0 vs. 1.23; P<0.05). However, the platelet aggregation rate and phosphorylated VASP level were similar between of G27V, T130K, N277K, V472I gene mutation groups and wild type group (P>0.05). Conclusions: In this study, 5 gene mutations are defined in patients with coronary heart disease, namely G27V, T130K, M136K, N277K, V472I. In vitro functional studies show that CYP2C19 gene mutation M136K, as a gain-of-function gene mutation, can enhance the activation of CYP2C19 enzyme on clopidogrel, thereby inhibiting the platelet aggregation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - X H Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - W F He
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - P Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - R Wan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Q L Kong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - C Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - J H Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Z G You
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Q Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - B Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Y Q Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - J S Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - K Hong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
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Huang SZ, Dai WC, Li XF, Jiang XH, Tang WM, Zhou Y. [Cost-effectiveness of HIV self-testing strategy in men who have sex with men]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:753-757. [PMID: 32447920 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20191231-00926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the cost-effectiveness and willingness-to-pay of HIV self-testing (HIVST) strategy and facility-based HIV rapid testing (HIV-RDT) strategy in men who have sex with men (MSM) in Zhuhai, and provide scientific evidence for making health policy. Methods: From the perspective of health service providers, the data of the costs and effectiveness of two HIV testing strategies in MSM in Zhuhai during January-September 2019 were collected, and a decision-tree model of cohort of 10 000 MSM was constructed by using software TreeAge Pro 2019 to measure the cost-effectiveness ratio (CER) and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). One-way and probability sensitivity analysis was performed for the uncertainty of the parameters in the model, and the cost-effectiveness and affordability curve was introduced to estimate the affordability of two strategies. Results: After the mobilization of MSM community-based organization through Internet and social media, 2 303 MSM had HIVST, in whom 33 were HIV positive (1.7%), and 816 MSM received HIV-RDT, in whom 35 were HIV positive (4.3%). The cost for per screening was 60.45 yuan and 240.43 yuan (RMB) respectively, and the cost for per positive screening was 4 218 yuan and 5 606 yuan (RMB) rerspectively. The results of the decision-tree model showed that the mean cost for a MSM using HIVST and using HIV-RDT was 44.67 yuan and 148.42 yuan (RMB) respectively, and the ICER was negative. HIVST strategy was a more cost-effective option when the willing-to-pay was below 6 528 yuan (RMB) for per positive screening, and HIV-RDT strategy was a more cost-effective option when the investment was higher than 6 528 yuan (RMB). Conclusion: HIVST strategy in Zhuhai is a public health project with economic value, and policy makers should strengthen the support to MSM community-based organization to promote the application of HIVST among MSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Z Huang
- Department of AIDS Control and Prevention, Zhuhai City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai 519060, China
| | - W C Dai
- Department of AIDS Control and Prevention, Zhuhai City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai 519060, China
| | - X F Li
- Department of AIDS Control and Prevention, Zhuhai City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai 519060, China
| | - X H Jiang
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai City Health Bureau, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - W M Tang
- China Project Office of University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Guangzhou 510091, China
| | - Y Zhou
- Department of AIDS Control and Prevention, Zhuhai City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai 519060, China
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Yang FY, Zhang XH, Tsang LL, Chan HC, Jiang XH. Dedifferentiation-reprogrammed mesenchymal stem cells for neonates with hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury. Hong Kong Med J 2019; 25 Suppl 5:12-16. [PMID: 31416979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F Y Yang
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - X H Zhang
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - L L Tsang
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - H C Chan
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - X H Jiang
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
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Liu YL, Jiang XH, Sun J, Mei LY, He CF, Deng YY, Wen J, Feng Y. [Application of the real-time fluorescence PCR melting curve method in gene screening of non-syndromic hearing loss]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019; 54:286-291. [PMID: 30991779 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To detect 20 common deafness gene mutations in non-syndromic hearing loss patients in China using the melting curve method, and analyze and summarize the mutation data to explore the clinical value of this method. Methods: The real-time fluorescence PCR melting curve method was used to detect 20 common mutations of four deafness genes(GJB2,GJB3,SLC26A4 and mtDNA) in 492 patients with non-syndromic hearing loss recruited between March 2014 and September 2016 from the Otolaryngology Department of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University(283 males and 209 females, the age ranged from 1 to 48 years old). The Sanger sequencing method was used to compare the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and total coincidence rate of the deafness mutation detected by the real-time fluorescence PCR melting curve method. Results: A total of 492 samples were detected. 193 wild-type samples, 93 homozygous mutant samples, 145 heterozygous mutant samples, 59 composite heterozygous mutant samples and 2 samples with unknown mutations were detected using the real-time fluorescence PCR melting curve method within the range of 20 gene mutations, whichwere identical to the Sanger sequencing results.The two samples were detected as unknown mutations by the real-time fluorescent PCR melting curve method were confirmed by Sanger sequencing, including a composite heterozygous mutant sample and a homogenous mutation sample. GJB2 c.235delC and SLC26A4 c.919-2 A>G were the most common hotspot mutations in this study, followed by mtDNA m.1555 A>G. Compared with the Sanger sequencing method, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and total coincidence rate of the real-time fluorescence PCR melting curve method were 100%, the Youden's index was 1.0, and the Kappa value was 1. Conclusions: The real-time fluorescence PCR melting curve method is suitable for the detection of deafness gene mutations. It has the advantages in terms of simple, rapid, high sensitivity and strong specificity and can accurately detect the 20 gene mutations of 4 common deafness genes in Chinese population, which is expected to be used for the clinical detection of deafness genes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Province Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Critical Diseases, Changsha 410008, China
| | - X H Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Province Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Critical Diseases, Changsha 410008, China
| | - J Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - L Y Mei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Province Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Critical Diseases, Changsha 410008, China
| | - C F He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Province Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Critical Diseases, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Y Y Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Province Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Critical Diseases, Changsha 410008, China
| | - J Wen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Province Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Critical Diseases, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Y Feng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Province Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Critical Diseases, Changsha 410008, China
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Tang YJ, Zhu LL, Jiang XH, Li J, Ying GY, Zhu YJ. [Experience of 14 cases using hemi-semilaminectomy microsurgery treating by spinal dural arteriovenous fistula]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:36-40. [PMID: 30641662 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the efficacy and feasibility of the hemi-semilaminectomy microsurgical operation treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (SDAVF). Methods: The clinical data of 32 patients with SDAVF were analyzed retrospectively. Before operation all patients were diagnosed by spinal MRI and spinal angiography, 14 patients were treated by hemi-semilaminectomy approach and other 18 patients were by traditional laminectomy approach. All the data were analyzed by T test and P<0.05 was considered to have significant difference. Results: The nidus of SDAVF located on thoracic segments in 18 cases, lumbar segments in 12 cases, and cervical segment in 2 cases, which was fed by single artery. The hemi-semilaminectomy microsurgical operation showed shorter operation time, less bleeding, less hospitalization time and cost. All the patients followed-up for 6 months-2 years. Symptoms of all the patients were improved compared with those before surgery. Conclusions: On the premise of spinal angiography accurately positioning the location of fistula, the hemi-semi-laminectomy approach microsurgery clipping operation is safe and feasible, and the operation has fewer traumas, also helps to maintain the stability of spine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - L L Zhu
- Second Department of Neurosurgery, Hebei Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061000, China
| | - X H Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - G Y Ying
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Y J Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
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11
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He Y, Huang Y, Li N, Yan H, Yang RF, Jiang L, Jiang XH, Cao B. [Expression of IRX1 in cervical cancer and its correlation with clinical stage of cervical cancer]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 98:222-226. [PMID: 29374919 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the expression of IRX1 (Iroquois homeobox gene) in cervical cancer and its correlation with clinical stage of cervical cancer. Methods: A total of 61 patients with cervical cancer from January 2015 to January 2017 were enrolled in this study, of which 15 were classified as phase Ⅰ of cervical cancer, 22 patients were classified as phase Ⅱ, 19 cases were classified as phase Ⅲ, 5 cases were classified as phase Ⅳ followed FIGO staging criteria.The expression of IRX1 protein in Hela, C4-1 and Siha cell lines were detected by Western blot compared with the normal human cervical epithelial cells HCerEpiC.Collected cancerous tissue of cervical cancer as experimental samples, the expression of IRX1 mRNA in cancer tissues and paracancerous tissue were detected by qPCR.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of IRX1 in different stages of cervical cancer, the correlation between IRX1 expression and clinical stage was analyzed. Results: The results of Western blot showed that IRX1 expression in cervical cancer cells were higher than that in normal cervical epithelial cells, and the results of qPCR also showed that the expression of IRX1 increased with the stage of cancer at the gene level.The difference was statistically significant.The expression of IRX1 in the nucleus and cytoplasm were detected by immunohistochemistry.Immunohistochemical results showed that the higher the stage of cancer was, the higher the expression rate of IRX1 was. Conclusion: IRX1 expression is associated with the clinical stage of cervical cancer, suggesting that IRX1 may be involved in the development and progression of cervical cancer.IRX1 is expected to be a new molecular target for the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer. This study will provide a new theoretical basis for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y He
- Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan 430079, China
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Zhang S, Jiang XH. [Clinical features of papillary thyroid carcinoma patients associated with lateral lymph node metastasis in different ages]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 32:1319-1324. [PMID: 30282186 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2018.17.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To explore the clinical features of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC) patients associated with lateral lymph node metastasis(LLNM) in different ages. Method:One hundred and sixtyfive PTC patients associated with LLNM were included in the study and divided into three groups(22-<30y,30-<45y and 45-65y). The gender, the number and the ratio of neck lymph node metastasis, maximum tumor diameter, multifocality, preoperative serum thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH), the capsular invasion, extrathyroidal extension and other clinical features in different ages were analyzed.Result:The median age of the patients was 39 years. There were no significant differences in the maximum tumor diameter >1cm,multifocality and preoperative serum TSH level among the three groups. The proportion of female patients in 22-<30y group was higher than the other two groups(all P<0.05).The rate of bilateral lesions in 45-65y group was higher than 22-<30y group (P<0.01).The rates of the capsular invasion and extrathyroidal extension in 22-<30y group and 30-45 group were similarly lower than 30-<45y group(P<0.05).The proportion of the 22-<30y group coexistent with Hashimoto thyroiditis was higher than the other two groups(P<0.05). When the number of central lymph node metastasis(CLNM)>3,the proportion of 22-<30y group were higher than the other two groups(all P<0.01), the 30-<45y group was the same as higher than 45-65y group(P<0.05); When the ratio of CLNM>0.35,the proportion of 30-<45y group was significantly higher than the other two groups(all P<0.05).When the number of LLNM>6, 22-<30y group was significantly higher than the other two groups;when the ratio of LLNM>0.33, 45-65y group was lower than the other two groups(all P<0.05).The total lymph node metastasis>11, the proportion of 22-<30y group was significantly higher than the other two groups(all P<0.05), meanwhile 30-<45y was higher than 45-65y group(P<0.05);when the ratio of total lymph node metastasis>0.22,45-65y group was significantly higher than the other two groups(all P<0.01).Conclusion: There is a high proportion of female and maximum tumor diameter over 1cm in PTC associated with LLNM. The proportion of coexistent with Hashimoto thyroiditis and the number of lymph node metastasis are much higher in 22-<30y group. The higher ratio of CLNM is much more common in 30-<45y group. The bilateral lesions are more likely to occur in 45-65y group, and meanwhile the tumor is more easier to invade the capsular and extrathyroidal construction. The number and the ratio of total lymph node metastasis might be lower in PTC associated with LLNM of older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zhang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, 430079, China
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Zhang S, Jiang XH. [Risk factors of papillary thyroid carcinoma in different ages of young patients]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 32:606-609. [PMID: 29798146 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of the risk factors of papillary thyroid carcinoma in different ages of young patients (<45y)associated with carbon nanoparticles.Method:A retrospective statistics and analysis of 183 patients who were diagnosed and treated; carbon nanoparticles were injected into the thyroid during operation and at last the conventional pathological diagnosis were papillary thyroid carcinoma of all patients; to analysis the gender, tumor size, capsular invasion, lymph node metastasis, multifocality and other risk factors between the <25y and 25-<5y patients.Result:The parathyroid were better identified, while the central lymph nodes better turned black after carbon nanoparticles injected; <25y compared to 25-<45y in the tumor size, multifocality, capsular invasion, extrathyroidal extension, associated with Hashimoto Thyroiditis, the differences had statistical significant(P<0.01 or P<0.05).In young (<45y) thyroid papillary carcinoma, preoperative serum thyroglobulin level was beyond the normal range, indicating a large possibility of lateral neck lymph node metastasized, but the two age groups had no statistical significant(P>0.05) in serum thyroglobulin and thyroid stimulating hormone.Conclusion:Carbon nanoparticles can effectively recognize parathyroid and trace central lymph nodes. In the <25y groups, the tumor diameter is more likely to exceed 1cm, the lateral neck nodes are more easily metastasized, capsular invasion and extrathyroidal extension are also more easily to turn up. While the 25-<45y groups are more likely to form multifocality, which may be accompanied by Hashimoto Thyroiditis and prone to occur central lymph nodes metastasized. In the younger patients (<45y), the more preoperative serum thyroglobulin higher, the more probable lateral neck nodes metastasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zhang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, 430079, China
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Tian FY, Wu B, Xu T, Jiang XH. [Systematic evaluation on effectiveness and safety of recombinant human growth hormone in treating adult patients with severe burn]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2017; 33:568-573. [PMID: 28926879 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1009-2587.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To systcmatically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in treating adults with severe burn. Methods: Databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched using key words " burns, thermal, human growth hormone, growth hormone, hGH, and somatropin (human)" , and China Biology Medicine disc, Chinese Journals Full-text Database, VIP Database, and Wanfang Database were searched using key words in Chinese version "," to obtain the randomized controlled trials about rhGH in the treatment of adults with severe burn from the establishment of each database to December 2016. The measurement indexes included hemoglobin (Hb) and plasma total protein, inflammatory factors [including interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)], incidence rate of sepsis, incidence rate of hyperglycemia, wound healing time, length of stay, and mortality rate. Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.3 statistical software. Results: A total of 8 trials involving 534 patients were included; 276 patients in rhGH group were treated with rhGH and 258 patients in placebo control group were treated with placebo. One trial had low risk of bias, while the other 7 trials had unclear risk of bias. The levels of Hb and plasma total protein of patients in rhGH group were higher than those in placebo control group, with standardized mean differences (SMDs) respectively 2.00 and 2.23 [with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) respectively 0.19-3.82 and 1.21-3.26, P<0.05 or P<0.01]. The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α of patients in rhGH group were lower than those in placebo control group, with SMDs respectively -1.46 and -1.13 (with 95% CIs respectively -2.40--0.53 and -1.75--0.51, P values below 0.05). Incidence rate of sepsis and mortality rate of patients in rhGH group were lower than those in placebo control group, with relative risks (RRs) respectively 0.60 and 0.35 (with 95% CIs respectively 0.42-0.85 and 0.15-0.83, P values below 0.05). Incidence rate of hyperglycemia of patients in rhGH group was higher than that in placebo control group, with RR of 2.39 (with 95% CI 1.79-3.18, P<0.001). The wound healing time and length of stay of patients in rhGH group were lower than those in control group, with SMDs respectively -1.54 and -2.00 (with 95% CIs respectively -2.22--0.86 and -3.51--0.49, P<0.05 or P<0.01). Hb, plasma total protein, inflammatory factors, incidence rate of sepsis, wound healing time, length of stay, and mortality rate showed no significant publication bias (P values above 0.05), while there may be publication bias in incidence rate of hyperglycemia (P=0.026). Conclusions: rhGH can inhibit the breakdown of Hb and plasma total protein, reduce the level of inflammatory factors and incidence rate of sepsis, thus shorten the wound healing time and length of stay, thereby reduce mortality rate of adult patients with severe burn. However rhGH may cause hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Y Tian
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Jiang XH, Zhou WM, He YZ, Wang Y, Lv B, Wang XM. Effects of lipopeptide carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles on Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2017; 31:737-743. [PMID: 28956426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effect of lipopeptide carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles on Staphylococcus aureus biofilm as part of the development of a new anti-biofilm material. The study had three stages. Firstly, we assessed the Staphylococcus aureus capability to form biofilm and enumerated the number of attached bacteria and free bacteria; secondly, we determined the inhibitory effect of different concentrations of Bacillus natto antimicrobial lipopeptid- carboxymethyl chitosan (BNAP-CMCS) nanoparticles added at different times on biofilm formation capability and the numbers of free bacteria and attached bacteria. Lastly, we tested the scavenging effect of BNAP-CMCS nanoparticles on biofilm formation and number of attached bacteria. The results showed that the amount of attached bacteria quickly increased over time and reached the maximum after 24 h of culture. The BNAP-CMCS nanoparticles had the greatest effect on biofilm inhibition at the concentration of 1 MIC, after 8 h of culture, and the effect was dose-dependent. The BNAP-CMCS nanoparticles had decreased also the numbers of free and attached bacteria in a dose-dependent fashion, after 8 hours of culture. The scavenging effect of BNAP-CMCS nanoparticles on free and attached bacteria was maximum at 6 MIC. In conclusion, lipopeptide carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles had a good inhibition and scavenging effect on the formation of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm and the growth of surface-attached bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Jiang
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - W M Zhou
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y Z He
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y Wang
- Clinical microbiology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - B Lv
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - X M Wang
- Zhejiang-California International Nano Systems Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Xiao Y, Wu QQ, Jiang XH, Tang QZ. [Cinnamaldehyde attenuates pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis via inhibition of endothelial mesenchymal transition]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 97:869-873. [PMID: 28355745 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the underlying mechanism of cinnamaldehyde attenuating pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis. Methods: The mice were randomly divided into control group, model group and treatment group by random number table and each group had 8 mice.Cardiac hypertrophy was induced by aortic banding. Heart vascular density was detected by immunohistochemical staining of CD31.The expression level of stromal cells marker α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was detected by immunofluorescence staining in different groups.The expression levels of endothelial cell associated markers and stromal cell associated markers were detected by using Western blotting.The possible molecular pathway was also screened by using Western blotting. Human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVECs) were stimulated with TGFβ1 and cultured with 10 nmol/L cinnamomum for 24 hour to further confirm the mechanism. Results: Eight weeks after operation, the vascular density was significantly decreased in model group mice heart.The expressions of stromal cells markers were increased (α-SMA: 2.57±0.38; Vimentin: 0.58±0.02) and endothelial cell markers were reduced (CD31: 0.58±0.29; CD34: 0.62±0.21). While cinnamicaldehyde treatment significantly increased the mouse heart vascular density, increased endothelial cell markers expression (CD31: 1.51±0.11; CD34: 2.37±0.44; P<0.05), and reduced stromal cells marker expression (α-SMA: 1.22±0.14; Vimentin: 0.35±0.03; P<0.05). Further studies showed that the anti-fibrosis effect of cinnamicaldehyde was mainly through the TGFβ /smad signaling pathway.10 nmol/L cinnamomum attenuated TGFβ1 induced endothelial mesenchymal transition in HUVECs. Conclusion: Cinnamaldehyde may be able to retard the progression of cardiac fibrosis, via blocking endothelial to mesenchymal transition, which, in verse, is through regulating TGFβ /smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
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Zhou DD, Jiang XH, Lu Y, Fan W, Huo MX, Crittenden JC. Cotransport of graphene oxide and Cu(II) through saturated porous media. Sci Total Environ 2016; 550:717-726. [PMID: 26849335 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the cotransport of graphene oxide (GO) and Cu in porous media. The impacts of GO concentration and ion strength (IS) on Cu transport in laboratory packed columns were investigated. The results indicated that GO had fairly high mobility at a IS of 1mM, and could serve as an effective carrier of Cu(II). The facilitated transport was found to increase with increasing concentration of GO (CGO). The peak effluent concentration (C/C0)max of Cu was 0.57 at CGO of 120mg/L and IS=1mM and 0.13 at 40mg/L and IS=1mM. The Cu appears to be irreversibly adsorbed by the sand because no Cu appeared in the effluent in the absence of GO. However, the GO-facilitated Cu transport was reduced as the IS increased from 1 to 1000mM. In fact, the facilitated transport was zero percent at an IS of 1000mM. Particle size analysis, Zeta potential measurements and DLVO calculations demonstrated that higher IS values made the GO became unstable and it flocculated and attached to the sand. We also fed GO into the column pre-equilibrated by Cu as sequential elution experiments and found that the later introduced GO can complex the pre-adsorbed Cu from the sand surface because GO has a higher adsorption affinity for Cu. An advection-dispersion-retention numerical model was able to describe the Cu and GO transport in the column. Our work provides useful insights into fate, transport and risk assessment of heavy metal contaminants in the presence of engineered nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D Zhou
- School of environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - X H Jiang
- School of environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Y Lu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - W Fan
- School of environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China.
| | - M X Huo
- School of environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - J C Crittenden
- School of environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
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Zhang XY, Yao X, Chen ZW, Jiang XH, Xie NH, Zhang CY, Guan ZH. A diagnostic kit for the enteroviruses Coxsackie A6 and A10. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7431. [PMID: 27050955 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15017431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Recently, there has been an upward trend in the occurrence of hand-foot-mouth disease, which is correlated with Coxsackie A6 and A10 infections. Although two separate diagnostic reagents are available for these two viral strains, the protocol and diagnosis efficiency still need to be improved. More importantly, as co-infection with these viruses is common, the development of a single test kit that can diagnose both viruses would be most beneficial for clinical practice. In our study, specific primers targeting viral nucleic acids were designed and modified. Viral nucleic acids were extracted from fecal or throat swab samples by ultrasonic rupture and silicon membrane purification. The consistency, specificity, and sensitivity of the tests were further optimized by adjusting the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) conditions. The efficiency of viral nucleic acid extraction was significantly enhanced by the ultrasonic rupture and silicon membrane elution approach. Specific amplifications of both viral nucleic acids were achieved using modified primers. The optimal conditions for PCR were also determined (60°C for 30 min and 95°C for 2 min, followed by 40 cycles of denaturation for 30 s at 95°C, annealing for 30 s at 60°C, and elongation for 50 s at 72°C). Amplified products were confirmed as viral specific nucleotides by agarose gel electrophoresis and sequencing. The minimal nucleic acid concentration required for detection was 0.2 ng/L, which was adequate to yield satisfactory specificity and consistency. This novel diagnostic method has many advantages, including rapid protocols and accurate results, and can be promoted for large-scale clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taijiang, Fuzhou, China
| | - X Yao
- Department of Microbiology, Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taijiang, Fuzhou, China
| | - Z W Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taijiang, Fuzhou, China
| | - X H Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology, Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taijiang, Fuzhou, China
| | - N H Xie
- Department of Molecular Biology, Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taijiang, Fuzhou, China
| | - C Y Zhang
- Department of Virology, Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taijiang, Fuzhou, China
| | - Z H Guan
- Department of Virology, Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taijiang, Fuzhou, China
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Liang JZ, Feng JQ, Liu DF, Li FJ, Jiang XH, Zhang SD. Flame-Retardant Properties and Impact Toughness of PP/IFR/POE Nanocomposites. Adv Polym Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Z. Liang
- Research Division of Green Function Materials and Equipment; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
| | - J. Q. Feng
- Research Division of Green Function Materials and Equipment; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
| | - D. F. Liu
- Research Division of Green Function Materials and Equipment; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
| | - F. J. Li
- Research Division of Green Function Materials and Equipment; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
| | - X. H. Jiang
- Research Division of Green Function Materials and Equipment; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
| | - S. D. Zhang
- Research Division of Green Function Materials and Equipment; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
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Fan W, Jiang XH, Yang W, Geng Z, Huo MX, Liu ZM, Zhou H. Transport of graphene oxide in saturated porous media: effect of cation composition in mixed Na-Ca electrolyte systems. Sci Total Environ 2015; 511:509-515. [PMID: 25577737 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.12.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The influence of cation composition in mixed Na-Ca electrolyte systems on the transport of graphene oxide particles in saturated porous media was studied. Column experiments were conducted to elucidate the transport behavior of GO by varied molar ratios of Ca2+/Na+ but of constant ionic strength (IS). The results show that retention of GO in sand column is strongly dependent on IS in the presence of Ca2+, featuring serious deposition rates (Rd) at the higher IS of 10 mM. The maximum Rd was 48.22% at 1 mM and 98.53% at 10 mM. However, there was no obvious difference in GO retention in solutions that only contained Na+ when the IS increased from 1 to 10 mM, and the Rd was 35.17% and 38.21% respectively. The molar ratio of Ca2+/Na+ in solution was much more influential in altering the particle retention behavior at the higher IS of 10 mM, compared with little influence at 1 mM. It was supposed that compression of diffuse double layers mainly controlled GO deposition under lower IS, while charge neutrality and metal (Ca2+) bridging played a significant role at the higher IS. A numerical advection-dispersion-retention model considering the combined processes of Langmuirian dynamics blocking and depth-dependent straining was successfully developed to simulate the transport process of GO through the sand column. Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) interaction energy calculations were also performed to better understand the mechanisms of GO mobility. Coupling analysis of breakthrough experiments, DLVO theory and numerical modeling in this work provides insight into the mechanisms of GO transport in saturated porous media and is useful for reliable prediction of nanoparticle penetration through the vadose zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Fan
- School of environment, Northeast Normal University, 2555 Jingyue Street, Changchun, China
| | - X H Jiang
- School of environment, Northeast Normal University, 2555 Jingyue Street, Changchun, China
| | - W Yang
- School of environment, Northeast Normal University, 2555 Jingyue Street, Changchun, China.
| | - Z Geng
- School of environment, Northeast Normal University, 2555 Jingyue Street, Changchun, China
| | - M X Huo
- School of environment, Northeast Normal University, 2555 Jingyue Street, Changchun, China.
| | - Z M Liu
- School of environment, Northeast Normal University, 2555 Jingyue Street, Changchun, China
| | - H Zhou
- School of environment, Northeast Normal University, 2555 Jingyue Street, Changchun, China
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Xie C, Jiang XH, Zhang JT, Sun TT, Dong JD, Sanders AJ, Diao RY, Wang Y, Fok KL, Tsang LL, Yu MK, Zhang XH, Chung YW, Ye L, Zhao MY, Guo JH, Xiao ZJ, Lan HY, Ng CF, Lau KM, Cai ZM, Jiang WG, Chan HC. CFTR suppresses tumor progression through miR-193b targeting urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) in prostate cancer. Oncogene 2012; 32:2282-91, 2291.e1-7. [PMID: 22797075 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is expressed in the epithelial cells of a wide range of organs/tissues from which most cancers are derived. Although accumulating reports have indicated the association of cancer incidence with genetic variations in CFTR gene, the exact role of CFTR in cancer development and the possible underlying mechanism have not been elucidated. Here, we report that CFTR expression is significantly decreased in both prostate cancer cell lines and human prostate cancer tissue samples. Overexpression of CFTR in prostate cancer cell lines suppresses tumor progression (cell growth, adhesion and migration), whereas knockdown of CFTR leads to enhanced malignancies both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we demonstrate that CFTR knockdown-enhanced cell proliferation, cell invasion and migration are significantly reversed by antibodies against either urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) or uPA receptor (uPAR), which are known to be involved in various malignant traits of cancer development. More interestingly, overexpression of CFTR suppresses uPA by upregulating the recently described tumor suppressor microRNA-193b (miR-193b), and overexpression of pre-miR-193b significantly reverses CFTR knockdown-enhanced malignant phenotype and abrogates elevated uPA activity in prostate cancer cell line. Finally, we show that CFTR gene transfer results in significant tumor repression in prostate cancer xenografts in vivo. Taken together, the present study has demonstrated a previously undefined tumor-suppressing role of CFTR and its involvement in regulation of miR-193b in prostate cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Xie
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Li N, Je YJ, Yang M, Jiang XH, Ma JH. Pharmacokinetics of baicalin-phospholipid complex in rat plasma and brain tissues after intranasal and intravenous administration. Pharmazie 2011; 66:374-377. [PMID: 21699072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine whether baicalin can be transferred along the olfactory pathway to the brain after nasal administration of baicalin phospholipid (BP) complex to rats, thereby circumventing the blood brain barrier. The concentration of baicalin in plasma and different brain tissues (olfactory bulb, cerebral cortex, striatum and cerebellum) were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The ratios of the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) values of intranasal to intravenous administrations were 54.21%, 240.59%, 374.71%, and 114.54% in plasma, cerebral cortex, striatum, and cerebellum, respectively. In the olfactory bulb, the AUC values of intranasal to intravenous administrations were 3355.4 +/- 378.8 microg/g-min versus 0 microg/g x min following intravenous administration. The ratios of AUC values of intranasal to intravenous administrations were72.75 %, 240.59 %, 374.71%, 114.54% in plasma, cortex, striatum, cerebellum respetively. The proportion of baicalin in the brain tissues from the olfactory transfer was also calculated, and the result shows that, following intranasal administration, approximately 52.36%-100% baicalin content at 8 h was transported to the brain via the olfactory pathway. In conclusion, the BP complex is transferred into the olfactory bulb via the olfactory pathway in rats, and the BP complex intranasal delivery is a promising approach to protect against cerebral ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Li
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu
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Qiu W, Jiang XH, Liu CX, Ju Y, Jin JX. Effect of berberine on the pharmacokinetics of substrates of CYP3A and P-gp. Phytother Res 2009; 23:1553-8. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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25
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Yu QZ, Zhang J, Li YT, Lu X, Hawreliak J, Wark J, Chambers DM, Wang ZB, Yu CX, Jiang XH, Li WH, Liu SY, Zheng ZJ. Thomson scattering measurements of heat flux from ion-acoustic waves in laser-produced aluminum plasmas. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2005; 71:046407. [PMID: 15903794 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.71.046407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2004] [Revised: 12/27/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Thomson scattering (TS) measurements are performed at different locations in a laser-produced aluminum plasma. Variations of the separation, wavelength shift, and asymmetric distribution of the two ion-acoustic waves are investigated from their spectral-time-resolved TS images. Detailed information on the space-time evolution of the plasma parameters is obtained. Electron distribution and variation of the heat flux in the plasma are also obtained for a steep temperature gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Z Yu
- Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 603, Beijing 100080, China
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26
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Jiang XH, Wong BC, Lin MC, Zhu GH, Kung HF, Jiang SH, Yang D, Lam SK. Functional p53 is required for triptolide-induced apoptosis and AP-1 and nuclear factor-kappaB activation in gastric cancer cells. Oncogene 2001; 20:8009-18. [PMID: 11753684 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1204981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2001] [Revised: 08/22/2001] [Accepted: 09/18/2001] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Triptolide, a major component in the extract of Chinese herbal plant Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f (TWHf), has potential anti-neoplastic effect. In the present study we investigated the potential therapeutic effects and mechanisms of triptolide against human gastric cancer cells. Four gastric cancer cell lines with different p53 status, AGS and MKN-45 (wild type p53); MKN-28 and SGC-7901 (mutant p53) were observed as to cell growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis in response to triptolide treatment. We showed that triptolide inhibited cell growth, induced apoptosis and suppressed NK-kappaB and AP-1 transactivation in AGS cells with wild-type p53. Triptolide induced apoptosis by stimulating the expressions of p53, p21(waf1/cip1), bax protein, and increased the activity of caspases. In addition, it caused cell cycle arrest in the G(0)/G(1) phase. To examine the role of p53 in these functions, we showed that suppression of p53 level with antisense oligonucleotide abrogated triptolide-induced apoptosis and over-expression of dominant negative p53 abolished the inhibitory effect on NF-kappaB activation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that triptolide had differential effects on gastric cancer cells with different p53 status. We showed that triptolide also inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in MKN-45 with wild-type p53, whereas it had no significant growth-inhibition and apoptosis induction effects on the MKN-28 and SGC-7901 cells with mutant p53. Our data suggest that triptolide exhibits anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis and inhibiting NF-kappaB and AP-1 transcriptional activity. However, a functional p53 is required for these proapoptotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rui-jin Hospital, Shanghai, Peoples Republic of China
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27
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Li ZH, Shan LD, Jiang XH, Guo SY, Yu GD, Hisamitsu T, Yin QZ. Analgesic effect of endomorphin-1. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2001; 22:976-80. [PMID: 11749786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To study the analgesic effect of endomorphin-1 (EM-1). METHODS The experiment was performed in rats and mice to study the analgesic effect of intraperitoneal (ip) injection of EM-1 with tail stimulation-vocalization test, writhing test, adjuvant arthritis, and neuropathic pain model and to compare it with the analgesic effects produced by intracerebroventricular (icv) and intrathecal (it) administrations. RESULTS 1) EM-1 raised the pain threshold dose-dependently in tail stimulation-vocalization test in rats and inhibited the writhing responses induced by ip acetic acid in mice. EM-1 also decreased the hyperalgesia in both adjuvant arthritis and neuropathic pain model. 2) The analgesic effect induced by central (icv and it) administration of EM-1 was faster and more powerful than that induced by peripheral (ip) administration. 3) The analgesic effect of EM-1 was reversed by naloxone (opioid receptor antagonist), as well as by cyprodime (mu-opioid receptor selective antagonist). Repeated administrations of EM-1 induced tolerance. CONCLUSION EM-1 had a definite analgesic effect and the analgesic effect of EM-1 was mediated by central mu-opioid receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z H Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142, Japan
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28
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Ding JS, Jiang XH. [Pharmacokinetics of high-dosage naftopidil capsules in dogs]. Hunan Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2001; 26:425-7. [PMID: 12536488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the determination of naftopidil in plasma, and make a study of pharmacokinetics of high-dose naftopidil capsules in dogs. METHODS Five healthy dogs were treated with naftopidil capsules in an oral single dose of 200 mg. Naftopidil in dog plasma was determined by HPLC. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 0.05 mol.L-1 phosphate buffer (pH 6.5) (60:40), verapamil was selected as internal standard, and the eluate was monitored at 230 nm. Pharmacokinetics calculations were carried out by practice pharmacokinetics programs (Version 97, 3P97). RESULTS The calibration curve of naftopidil was linear within the range of 10-1,200 ng.ml-1, and the correlation coefficient was 0.9992, the recovery rate of HPLC was (100.23 +/- 3.00)%, within day RSD and between day RSD were no more than 5.56% and 3.30% respectively. The plasma drug concentration-time course in dogs conformed to the one-compartment model. T1/2Ke value was (1.91-4.99) h, Tmax was (1.87-3.21) h, Cmax was (338.79-414.04) ng.ml-1. CONCLUSION HPLC is accurate and reliable, and can be used for studying the pharmacokinetics of high-dose naftopidil capsules in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xinagya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
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29
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Jiang XH, Li J, Yu J, Huang B. [Chinese Hans population study of fluorescent labelled 8 STR multiplex system]. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2001; 17:89-92. [PMID: 12533864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chinese Hans population study of 8 STR loci was carried out in 350 unrelated individuals. METHODS The 8 STR loci(vWA, TH01, TPOX, CSF1PO, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820, D16S539) and a sexual distinction locus Amelogenin, were amplified simultaneously in one PCR reaction tube, the products were separated by electrophoresis with PE-377 DNA sequencer, and analyzed by Genescan analysis software, then the accurate PCR fragment length and designation of genotypes were finished automatically by the sequencer. RESULTS 63 alleles and 2 sex determination alleles were found in Hans population altogether; the minimum allele frequency in Chinese Hans population at these loci was 0.17%, the maximum was 50.17%; the fragments were 119-327 base pairs long; the TDP of this system reached 99.99999998%; this system inherited steadily, and was accord with Mandel inheritance rule, no gene mutation was found, all loci met Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, but the frequencies of Hans population differed from those of African-Americans, Caucasion-Americans and Hispanic-Americans. CONCLUSION This method is good for identification of little amount and degraded DNA samples from blood stain, semen stain mixed with vaginal excretion, hair root, cigarette root, muscle tissue and ancient bone. It can also make a foundation of establishing the National DNA Database.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Jiang
- Liaoning Criminal Science & Technology Institue, Shenyang 110032
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30
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Ding JS, Jiang XH, Yuan M. [Improving bioavailability of naftopidil by using bioadhesion in dogs]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2001; 36:377-80. [PMID: 12584863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM To prepare naftopidil bioadhesive sustained-release capsule and study their pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability in the dog. METHODS Bioadhesive polymers such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulse (HPMC) and Carbopol 934 (CP 934) were used in capsule prescriptions. Naftopidil capsule and two formulations of bioadhesive sustained-release capsules (I and II) were given to five healthy male dogs in a cross-over test. The naftopidil concentrations in plasma were determined by a newly developed HPLC method and the pharmacokinetic parameters as well as the relative bioavailability were measured. RESULTS The C0-->infinity, Cmax and Tmax of naftopidil capsule was (3728 +/- 573) h.ng.mL-1, (697 +/- 94) ng.mL-1 and (1.2 +/- 0.5) h. These parameters of bioadhesive sustained-release capsule I and II, respectively, were (5518 +/- 391) h.ng.mL-1 and (5636 +/- 427) h.ng.mL-1; (468 +/- 61) ng.mL-1 and (512 +/- 72) ng.mL-1; both (4.0 +/- 0.7) h. Results from statistics showed that there were significant difference between bioadhesive formulations and the non-bioadhesive one in C0-->infinity, Cmax and Tmax. The bioadhesive formulations and the non-bioadhesive one were not bioequivalent, the relative bioavailability of the two bioadhesive sustained-release capsules were respectively 150% +/- 14% and 154% +/- 23% when compared with the non-bioadhesive capsule. CONCLUSION It is much improving bioavailability of naftopidil by using bioadhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Ding
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Hu'nan Medical University, Changsha 410011, China.
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31
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Li XP, Li JH, Zhou XO, Xu ZC, Jiang XH. [Cholinergic mechanism in the drinking behavior and c-fos expression in brain induced by subfornical organ stimulation in rats]. Sheng Li Xue Bao 2001; 53:97-102. [PMID: 11471222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
The drinking behavior and the c-fos expression in rat brain induced by electrical stimulation of the subfornical organ (SFO) were examined. SFO stimulation induced stable and significant drinking behavior and Fos protein expression in 8 areas of the forebrain (organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, median preoptic nucleus, paraventricular nucleus, supraoptic nucleus, lateral hypothalamic area, perifornical dorsal area, substantia innominata and thalamic reunions nucleus), and in 3 areas of the hindbrain (area postrema, solitary tract nucleus and lateral parabrachial nucleus). In certain neurons of paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei, co-expression of Fos protein and vasopressin was induced by SFO stimulation. Intracerebroventricular injection of atropine partly blocked the SFO stimulation-induced drinking behavior and the Fos protein expression in the brain, suggesting that an M-cholinergic mechanism may be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- X P Li
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, Suzhou University, Suzhou 215007
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32
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Yu GD, Liu YL, Jiang XH, Guo SY, Zhang HQ, Yin QZ, Hisamitsu T. The inhibitory effect of serotonin on the spontaneous discharge of suprachiasmatic neurons in hypothalamic slice is mediated by 5-HT(7) receptor. Brain Res Bull 2001; 54:395-8. [PMID: 11306191 DOI: 10.1016/s0361-9230(00)00462-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The effects of serotonin (5-HT) receptor agonists and antagonists on the spontaneous discharge of suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) neurons were investigated using rat hypothalamic slice. It was found that: (1) the SCN neurons showed a persistent rhythm in the spontaneous discharge rate, which was higher during the light phase than during the dark phase; (2) the effects of 5-HT on SCN neurons was inhibitory in nature and the sensitivity of SCN neurons to 5-HT during the light phase was lower than that during the dark phase; (3) both 5-HT and 5-HT(1/7) receptor agonist, (+/-)-8-hydroxy-2-(DL-N-propylamino) tetralin hydrobromide, could inhibit the spontaneous discharge of SCN neurons. This inhibitory effect could be blocked by 5-HT(2/7) receptor antagonist ritanserin and putative 5-HT(7) receptor antagonists clozapine, but neither by selective 5-HT(2) receptor antagonist ketanserin, nor by 5-HT(1) receptor antagonist pindolol. It was suggested that the inhibitory effect of 5-HT on the spontaneous discharge of SCN neurons in rat hypothalamic slice is mediated by 5-HT(7) receptor subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Yu
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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33
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Jiang XH, Wong BC, Yuen ST, Jiang SH, Cho CH, Lai KC, Lin MC, Kung HF, Lam SK, Chun-Yu Wong B. Arsenic trioxide induces apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells through up-regulation of p53 and activation of caspase-3. Int J Cancer 2001. [PMID: 11146441 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0215(200002)9999:9999<::aid-ijc1039>3.0.co;2-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) can induce clinical remission in patients suffering from acute promyelocytic leukemia, through induction of apoptosis and activation of caspases. We investigated the potential use of As(2)O(3) in human gastric cancer and its possible mechanisms. Human gastric cancer cell lines AGS and MKN-28 were treated with various concentrations (0.1 to 100 microM) of As(2)O(3) for 24 to 72 hr. Apoptosis was determined by acridine orange staining, flow cytometry and DNA fragmentation. Protein levels of p53, p21(waf1/cip1), c-myc, bcl-2 and bax were detected by Western blotting. Effects of As(2)O(3) on caspase-3 protease activity, its protein concentration and cleavage of poly(ADP)-ribose polymerase (PARP) were also studied. As(2)O(3) inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in both cell lines, though AGS cells were more sensitive. As(2)O(3) induced apoptosis in AGS cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Treatment resulted in a marked increase in p53 protein levels as early as 4 hr. Co-incubation with p53 anti-sense oligo-nucleotide suppressed As(2)O(3)-induced intracellular p53 over-expression and apoptosis. As(2)O(3) increased the activity of caspase-3, with appearance of its 17 kDa peptide fragment, and cleavage of PARP, with appearance of the 85 kDa cleavage product, both in parallel with the induction of apoptosis. Both the tripeptide caspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk and the specific caspase-3 inhibitor DEVD-fmk partially suppressed As(2)O(3)-induced caspase-3 activation and apoptosis. As(2)O(3) inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cells, involving p53 over-expression and activation of caspase-3. The potential use of this compound in the treatment of gastric cancer is worth further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Jiang XH, Wong BC, Yuen ST, Jiang SH, Cho CH, Lai KC, Lin MC, Kung HF, Lam SK, Chun-Yu Wong B. Arsenic trioxide induces apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells through up-regulation of p53 and activation of caspase-3. Int J Cancer 2001. [PMID: 11146441 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0215(200002)9999:9999%3c::aid-ijc1039%3e3.0.co;2-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) can induce clinical remission in patients suffering from acute promyelocytic leukemia, through induction of apoptosis and activation of caspases. We investigated the potential use of As(2)O(3) in human gastric cancer and its possible mechanisms. Human gastric cancer cell lines AGS and MKN-28 were treated with various concentrations (0.1 to 100 microM) of As(2)O(3) for 24 to 72 hr. Apoptosis was determined by acridine orange staining, flow cytometry and DNA fragmentation. Protein levels of p53, p21(waf1/cip1), c-myc, bcl-2 and bax were detected by Western blotting. Effects of As(2)O(3) on caspase-3 protease activity, its protein concentration and cleavage of poly(ADP)-ribose polymerase (PARP) were also studied. As(2)O(3) inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in both cell lines, though AGS cells were more sensitive. As(2)O(3) induced apoptosis in AGS cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Treatment resulted in a marked increase in p53 protein levels as early as 4 hr. Co-incubation with p53 anti-sense oligo-nucleotide suppressed As(2)O(3)-induced intracellular p53 over-expression and apoptosis. As(2)O(3) increased the activity of caspase-3, with appearance of its 17 kDa peptide fragment, and cleavage of PARP, with appearance of the 85 kDa cleavage product, both in parallel with the induction of apoptosis. Both the tripeptide caspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk and the specific caspase-3 inhibitor DEVD-fmk partially suppressed As(2)O(3)-induced caspase-3 activation and apoptosis. As(2)O(3) inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cells, involving p53 over-expression and activation of caspase-3. The potential use of this compound in the treatment of gastric cancer is worth further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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35
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Jiang WB, Jiang XH. [Forensic application of reverse dot blot with biotin incorporation]. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2001; 17:12-4, 61. [PMID: 12533884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
A rapid and accurate reverse dot blot technique was successfully established. It could distinguish the 6 alleles of 0101, 0102, 0103, 0201, 0301 and 0401 of HLA-DQA locus. Alleles and genotype frequencies for HLA-DQA locus were determined in 200 unrelated individuals of northern Han population. The discrimination power (DP) was 0.928, heterozygocity (H) 0.75. By direct biotin incorperation, 1 ng genome DNA could be detected successfully. This method can be used for paternity test and individual identification in forensic science practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- W B Jiang
- Forensic Science Institute of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110032
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36
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Jiang XH, Wong BC, Yuen ST, Jiang SH, Cho CH, Lai KC, Lin MC, Kung HF, Lam SK, Chun-Yu Wong B. Arsenic trioxide induces apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells through up-regulation of p53 and activation of caspase-3. Int J Cancer 2001; 91:173-9. [PMID: 11146441 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0215(200002)9999:9999<::aid-ijc1039>3.0.co;2-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) can induce clinical remission in patients suffering from acute promyelocytic leukemia, through induction of apoptosis and activation of caspases. We investigated the potential use of As(2)O(3) in human gastric cancer and its possible mechanisms. Human gastric cancer cell lines AGS and MKN-28 were treated with various concentrations (0.1 to 100 microM) of As(2)O(3) for 24 to 72 hr. Apoptosis was determined by acridine orange staining, flow cytometry and DNA fragmentation. Protein levels of p53, p21(waf1/cip1), c-myc, bcl-2 and bax were detected by Western blotting. Effects of As(2)O(3) on caspase-3 protease activity, its protein concentration and cleavage of poly(ADP)-ribose polymerase (PARP) were also studied. As(2)O(3) inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in both cell lines, though AGS cells were more sensitive. As(2)O(3) induced apoptosis in AGS cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Treatment resulted in a marked increase in p53 protein levels as early as 4 hr. Co-incubation with p53 anti-sense oligo-nucleotide suppressed As(2)O(3)-induced intracellular p53 over-expression and apoptosis. As(2)O(3) increased the activity of caspase-3, with appearance of its 17 kDa peptide fragment, and cleavage of PARP, with appearance of the 85 kDa cleavage product, both in parallel with the induction of apoptosis. Both the tripeptide caspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk and the specific caspase-3 inhibitor DEVD-fmk partially suppressed As(2)O(3)-induced caspase-3 activation and apoptosis. As(2)O(3) inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cells, involving p53 over-expression and activation of caspase-3. The potential use of this compound in the treatment of gastric cancer is worth further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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37
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Jiang XH, Wong BCY, Yuen ST, Jiang SH, Cho CH, Lai KC, Lin MCM, Kung HF, Lam SK. Arsenic trioxide induces apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells through up-regulation of p53 and activation of caspase-3. Int J Cancer 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.1442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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38
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Zou XM, Hirata K, Katsurama T, Nie G, Yang WL, Shan SG, Jiang XH, Sun ZH, Oikawa I. Investigation of liver regeneration after rat liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 2000; 32:2335-7. [PMID: 11120189 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(00)01688-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- X M Zou
- Department of Surgery, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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39
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Zhou XJ, Jiang XH, Yu GD, Yin QZ. Modulation of circadian rhythm of discharges of suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons in rat hypothalamic slices by melatonin. Sheng Li Xue Bao 2000; 52:215-9. [PMID: 11956567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous firing of suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) neurons and the effect of melatonin (MEL) were examined in hypothalamic slices made from pinealectomized rats or from the rats exposed to constant light. The results are as follows. (1) Under normal light cycle (light dark=12 12), SCN neurons displayed a circadian rhythm in spontaneous discharges. A peak about 8.3 Hz was presented at CT (circadian time) 6 8 and a trough about 3.8 Hz at CT18 20. The circadian rhythm persisted after pinealectomy, but disappeared after constant light exposure. (2) The response of SCN neurons to MEL was mainly inhibitory. Under normal light exposure, the inhibitory proportion was higher during the subjective day with the largest proportion of about 42% at CT8 10, and was lower during the subjective night with the largest proportion of about 26% at CT22 24. Under both constant light exposure and pinealectomy, the circadian rhythm of the response of SCN neurons to MEL disappeared. (3) The inhibitory effect of MEL on spontaneous discharges of SCN neurons was blocked by ML-1 receptor antagonist luzindole, but not by ML-2 receptor antagonist prazosin. The above results suggest that pineal gland, as a regulator of the organization of circadian rhythm, regulates the circadian rhythm of SCN neurons at two responsive time windows (CT8 10 and CT22 24) through high affinity ML-1 receptors in SCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- X J Zhou
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou 215007, China.
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40
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Cheng HD, Chen YH, Jiang XH. Thresholding using two-dimensional histogram and fuzzy entropy principle. IEEE Trans Image Process 2000; 9:732-735. [PMID: 18255445 DOI: 10.1109/83.841949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a thresholding approach by performing fuzzy partition on a two-dimensional (2-D) histogram based on fuzzy relation and maximum fuzzy entropy principle. The experiments with various gray level and color images have demonstrated that the proposed approach outperforms the 2-D nonfuzzy approach and the one dimensional (1-D) fuzzy partition approach.
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Duan CQ, Hu B, Wang ZH, Wen CH, Yan SQ, Jiang XH, Wang DK, Li Q, Liang XF. Tradescantia bioassays for the determination of genotoxicity of water in the Panlong River, Kunming, People's Republic of China. Mutat Res 1999; 426:127-31. [PMID: 10350584 DOI: 10.1016/s0027-5107(99)00054-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The Panlong river passes through Kunming City and receives a large quantity of municipal sewage and wastewater from industrial effluent. Along the river, 20 sites were selected to collect water samples to assess the genotoxicity using two Tradescantia assays, the micronucleus (Trad-MCN) and the stamen-hair-mutation (Trad-SHM) assays. The lowest frequencies in the Trad-MCN assay and the Trad-SHM assay are 3.19 MCN/100 tetrads and 1.32 M/1000 stamen hairs, respectively. In the water samples obtained from the Songhua Reservoir, the MCN frequencies and mutation rates are not statistically significantly different from the data found for the negative control (2.49 MCN/100 tetrads and 0.71 M/1000 stamen hairs). Among the other water samples, 19 in Trad-MCN assay and 17 in Trad-SHM assay show significantly higher genotoxicity than the control. The highest genotoxicity was in samples No. 19 for the MCN assay (8.73 MCN/100 cells), over three times higher than the negative control, and in sample No. 11 for the SHM assay (4.30 M/1000), six times higher than the negative control, and were about the same as for the positive control (10.0 mg/l NaN3, 9.28 MCN/100 tetrads and 7.44 SHM/1000 stamen hairs), respectively. The peak frequencies for the Trad-MCN assays were observed in the water samples obtained from the sites that were near industrial and municipal wastewater that ran into the river as effluent. In general, the frequency of MCN and SHM mutations increased where the river passed through Kunming. The Trad-MCN assay seemed more sensitive than that of the Trad-SHM assay in detecting genotoxicity of the river water pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Q Duan
- Biology Department, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China
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Abstract
Dianchi Lake covers about a 300 km2 area. Kunming city on the edge of the lake is surrounded by industrial establishments. Farm land surrounds the remaining areas of the lake. The lake water is polluted by the Kunming city municipal sewage from 3 million inhabitants, the industrial effluent and farm runoff. Water samples were collected from 12 sites along the shore of the lake during the dry (May) and rainy (August) seasons for genotoxicity testing with the Vicia micronucleus assay during the year 1995. Genotoxicity in terms of micronuclei (MCN) frequencies in the root tip cells of Vicia showed a consistent elevated frequency of MCN over the control sample at the 0.05-0.01 levels of significance in both seasons. The MCN frequencies of sites A (Daguanhe), B (Gaoqiao) and C (Xiyuan) were 3.5-4 times as high as the control values (5.25/1000 cells) in the dry season. In the rainy season, the MCN frequencies of water samples from most of the 12 sites were relatively lower than those of the dry season except sites J (Haikou), and K (Kunyang). The average MCN frequency of the dry season samples was 14.97 per 1000 cells and that of the rainy season samples was 12.24 per 1000 cells while the average control value was around 5.00/1000 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Q Duan
- Biology Department, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
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Zhang DY, Jiang XH. Evolutionarily Stable Reproductive Strategies in Sexual Organisms. Part V-Joint Effects of Parent-offspring Conflict and Sibling Conflict in Perennial Plants. J Theor Biol 1998; 192:275-281. [PMID: 9735252 DOI: 10.1006/jtbi.1997.0601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We develop a general treatment of the joint effects of parent-offspring conflict (conflict between broods) and sibling conflict (conflict within broods) in perennial plants. Parent-offspring conflict as well as sibling conflict are examined in the context of an integrated analysis of reproductive allocation, sex allocation, and the amount of resources invested in each offspring. We find that under a wide range of conditions the selected seed size is independent of reproductive effort or sex allocation. To the extent that the relationships between gamete output and resource investment are linear for both sex functions, the separate treatment of reproductive effort, sex allocation, and offspring size-number compromise in modern life-history theories is well justified, regardless of which side, parents or offspring, controls the allocation to individual seed offspring. We show that incorporation of sibling conflict results in even larger seed size, which in turn leads to even lower reproductive effort, than under pure parent-offspring conflict. If the costs of increased provisioning of selfish offspring are entirely borne by their brood mates, then offspring are selected to solicit parental care as long as they continue to benefit individually from more resources.Copyright 1998 Academic Press Limited
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Affiliation(s)
- DY Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Arid Agroecology & Department of Biology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730 000, P.R. China
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Zhang DY, Jiang XH. Evolutionarily Stable Reproductive Strategies in Sexual Organisms: III. The Effects of Lottery Density Dependence and Pollen Limitation. J Theor Biol 1997; 185:223-31. [PMID: 9344723 DOI: 10.1006/jtbi.1996.0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper extends our previous work on modelling, within a single framework, the allocation of resources to reproduction vs. survival and the male vs. female components of reproduction in perennial plants. We derive the evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) results under pollen limitation for both hermaphroditic and dioecious plant populations held stable through density-dependent juvenile recruitment. Pollen limitation affects female reproductive allocation in our model because there is post-flowering provisioning of offspring. We find that pollen limitation is unimportant to the ESS reproductive allocation and sex allocation so long as there are enough seeds to fill the empty sites left by the death of adults. To the extent that the relationships between gamete output and resource investment are linear for both sexes or sex functions, the separate treatment of reproductive and sex allocation in modern life-history and sex-allocation theories is adequate. In such cases, the ESS sex allocation is exactly what is found in traditional sex allocation theory, and the ESS reproductive allocation of hermaphrodites or females in a dioecious species maximizes the amount of resources allocated to reproduction during an average lifespan, an analogue of the usual maximization principle in life-history theory modified to include the possibility of pollen limitation and extended seed maturation. The ESS reproductive allocation of males in a dioecious species maximizes lifetime pollen production, independent of pollen limitation and the female's resource allocation. Copyright 1997 Academic Press Limited
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Affiliation(s)
- DY Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Arid Agroecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730 000, P. R. China
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Xu ZC, Jiang XH. [Recent progress in the use of immediate early genes in neuroscience]. Sheng Li Ke Xue Jin Zhan 1997; 28:49-51. [PMID: 10921078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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Mudò G, Jiang XH, Timmusk T, Bindoni M, Belluardo N. Change in neurotrophins and their receptor mRNAs in the rat forebrain after status epilepticus induced by pilocarpine. Epilepsia 1996; 37:198-207. [PMID: 8635431 DOI: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1996.tb00012.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We studied the effects of status epilepticus (SE) induced by lithium chloride/pilocarpine treatment on gene expression of neurotrophins of the nerve growth factor (NGF) family and of their high-affinity receptors of the tyrosine protein kinase (trk) family in the forebrain. Using in situ hybridization (ISH), we demonstrated an early (3 h after treatment) increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and trkB mRNA expression in the dentate gyrus, amygdala, and piriform cortex, as well as widespread increases in the cerebral cortex. NGF mRNA, but not the mRNA of its receptor trkA, was increased in the dentate gyrus. In contrast, 12 h after treatment, neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) decreased, and its receptor trkC mRNA increased. There was no change in NT-4 mRNA levels. All changes were blocked by pretreatment with scopolamine, a muscarinic antagonist. The noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist ketamine blocked NGF, BDNF, and trkB mRNA increases in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex, but not in the amygdala and piriform cortex. In contrast, ketamine did not affect NT-3 and trkC changes. These results provide a complete description of changes in mRNA levels of neurotrophins and their receptors in the forebrain after SE and supply additional data supporting the view that neurotrophin gene expression is related to abnormal neuronal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mudò
- Institute of Human Physiology, University of Catania, Italy
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Abstract
The levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein mRNA were analysed by in situ hybridization during the first 6 h in experimental models of status epilepticus in the rat. Two different models of status epilepticus were studied: one is produced by the administration of pilocarpine to lithium-treated rats and the other by the intracerebroventricular administration of kainate. Results obtained in the present study showed a very rapid (as early as 1.5 h in periventricular zones of hypothalamus, cerebral cortex, and hippocampal area) up-regulation of GFAP mRNA levels following the pharmacological induction of seizures. Several other areas showed a GFAP activation starting at 3 h such as septum, habenular nuclei, corpus callosum, and cingulum. The comparison of the results obtained in the two models of status epilepticus revealed interesting differences in some brain areas, such as cerebellum and striatum, which can be related to the specific neurotransmitter receptors and neurochemical pathways stimulated by the drugs. Interestingly, some brain areas whose neurons are strongly activated by pilocarpine and kainate (amygdala and CA3 hippocampal field) and that undergo neuronal degeneration did not show the early GFAP response. An interesting spatial feature was observed in several brain regions examined (striatum, septum, and hypothalamus): the response first appeared in the periventricular zones and then diffused to the rest of the brain area. In general GFAP responses in the periventricular zones were early and intense.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Belluardo
- Institutes of Biochemistry, University of Catania, Italy
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Zhang WB, Jiang XH, Xu RM. [Characteristics of CO2 expiration of skin on limb segment of large intestine and stomach meridian]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 1995; 15:625-627. [PMID: 8704431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Belluardo N, Salin T, Dell'Albani P, Mudò G, Corsaro M, Jiang XH, Timmusk T, Condorelli DF. Neurotoxic injury in rat hippocampus differentially affects multiple trkB and trkC transcripts. Neurosci Lett 1995; 196:1-4. [PMID: 7501231 DOI: 10.1016/0304-3940(95)11819-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In the present work we determined, by Northern blotting, ribonuclease assay and in situ hybridization, the level of multiple trkB and trkC transcripts at different times after ibotenic acid-induced neuronal injury in the rat hippocampus. All the transcripts (7.0-7.5, 2.4 and 1.8 kb) encoding the truncated TrkB receptor are coordinately up-regulated following neurotoxic injury, with a time-course similar to that observed for the glial fibrillary acidic protein mRNA, a molecular marker of reactive astrocytes. The highest level of induction was observed for the 2.4 kb mRNA level. The 1.8 kb mRNA, whose relative level is higher in astroglial cultures compared to normal brain tissue, is detectable only in the gliotic hippocampus. The 9 kb trkB mRNA, which encodes the full-length TrkB receptor, rapidly decreases with a time-course similar to that previously observed for other neuronal markers. In situ hybridization studies show that the increased mRNA level per cell is a major determinant in the up-regulation of truncated trkB expression. A decrease of truncated and full-length trkC mRNA was observed in the neuron-depleted astroglia-enriched hippocampus, suggesting that this mRNA is mainly localized in the neuronal layers and that no induction of its expression occurs in reactive astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Belluardo
- Institute of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
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