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Chen YX, Wang ZX, Jin Y, Zhao Q, Liu ZX, Zuo ZX, Ju HQ, Cui C, Yao J, Zhang Y, Li M, Feng J, Tian L, Xia XJ, Feng H, Yao S, Wang FH, Li YH, Wang F, Xu RH. An immunogenic and oncogenic feature-based classification for chemotherapy plus PD-1 blockade in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:919-932.e5. [PMID: 37059106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Although chemotherapy plus PD-1 blockade (chemo+anti-PD-1) has become the standard first-line therapy for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), reliable biomarkers for this regimen are lacking. Here we perform whole-exome sequencing on tumor samples from 486 patients of the JUPITER-06 study and develop a copy number alteration-corrected tumor mutational burden that depicts immunogenicity more precisely and predicts chemo+anti-PD-1 efficacy. We identify several other favorable immunogenic features (e.g., HLA-I/II diversity) and risk oncogenic alterations (e.g., PIK3CA and TET2 mutation) associated with chemo+anti-PD-1 efficacy. An esophageal cancer genome-based immuno-oncology classification (EGIC) scheme incorporating these immunogenic features and oncogenic alterations is established. Chemo+anti-PD-1 achieves significant survival improvements in EGIC1 (immunogenic feature-favorable and oncogenic alteration-negative) and EGIC2 (either immunogenic feature-favorable or oncogenic alteration-negative) subgroups, but not the EGIC3 subgroup (immunogenic feature-unfavorable and oncogenic alteration-positive). Thus, EGIC may guide future individualized treatment strategies and inform mechanistic biomarker research for chemo+anti-PD-1 treatment in patients with advanced ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Xing Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510060, China; Bioinformatics Platform, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zi-Xian Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510060, China; Bioinformatics Platform, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ze-Xian Liu
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510060, China; Bioinformatics Platform, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Zuo
- Bioinformatics Platform, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Huai-Qiang Ju
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Chengxu Cui
- Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jun Yao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Yanqiao Zhang
- Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Mengxia Li
- Army Medical Center of PLA, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Jifeng Feng
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lin Tian
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Xia
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Hui Feng
- Shanghai Junshi Biosciences, Shanghai 200126, China; TopAlliance Biosciences, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Sheng Yao
- Shanghai Junshi Biosciences, Shanghai 200126, China; TopAlliance Biosciences, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Feng-Hua Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yu-Hong Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510060, China.
| | - Rui-Hua Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510060, China.
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2
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He WZ, Hu WM, Wang F, Rong YM, Yang L, Xie QK, Yang YZ, Jiang C, Qiu HJ, Lu JB, Zhang B, Ding PR, Xia XJ, Shao JY, Xia LP. Comparison of Mismatch Repair Status Between Primary and Matched Metastatic Sites in Patients With Colorectal Cancer. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2020; 17:1174-1183. [PMID: 31590148 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2019.7308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differences between the features of primary cancer and matched metastatic cancer have recently drawn attention in research. This study investigated the concordance in microsatellite instability (MSI) and mismatch repair (MMR) status between primary and corresponding metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS Consecutive patients with metastatic CRC who had both primary and metastatic tumors diagnosed at our institution in January 2008 through December 2016 were identified. Immunohistochemistry was used to test the MMR status of both primary and matched metastatic tumors, and PCR analysis was performed to test MSI in patients with deficient MMR (dMMR) status. RESULTS A total of 369 patients were included. Of the 46 patients with MSI-high primary tumors, 37 (80.4%) also had MSI-high metastatic tumors, whereas 9 (19.6%) had microsatellite stable (MSS) metastatic tumors. A high concordance was found in patients with liver, lung, or distant lymph node metastases. Interestingly, the discrepancy was more likely to be limited to peritoneal (5/20) or ovarian (4/4) metastasis (chi-square test, P<.001). These organ-specific features were also found in the pooled analysis. Along with the change of MSI-high in primary cancer to MSS in metastatic cancer, lymphocyte infiltration decreased significantly (P=.008). However, the change did not influence survival; the median overall survival of MSI-high and MSS metastatic tumors was 21.3 and 21.6 months, respectively (P=.774). The discrepancy rate was 1.6% for patients with proficient MMR primary tumors. CONCLUSIONS For patients with dMMR primary tumors, the concordance of MSI and MMR status in primary CRC and corresponding metastatic cancer is potentially organ-specific. High concordance is found in liver, lung, and distant lymph node metastases, whereas discrepancy is more likely to occur in peritoneal or ovarian metastasis. Rebiopsy to evaluate MSI-high/dMMR status might be needed during the course of anti-PD-1 therapy in cases of peritoneal or ovarian metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wan-Ming Hu
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China; and
| | | | | | | | | | - Yuan-Zhong Yang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | | | | | - Jia-Bin Lu
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | | | | | - Xiao-Jun Xia
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
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3
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Zuo XY, Feng QS, Sun J, Wei PP, Chin YM, Guo YM, Xia YF, Li B, Xia XJ, Jia WH, Liu JJ, Khoo ASB, Mushiroda T, Ng CC, Su WH, Zeng YX, Bei JX. X-chromosome association study reveals genetic susceptibility loci of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Biol Sex Differ 2019; 10:13. [PMID: 30909962 PMCID: PMC6434801 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-019-0227-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The male predominance in the incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) suggests the contribution of the X chromosome to the susceptibility of NPC. However, no X-linked susceptibility loci have been examined by genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for NPC by far. Methods To understand the contribution of the X chromosome in NPC susceptibility, we conducted an X chromosome-wide association analysis on 1615 NPC patients and 1025 healthy controls of Guangdong Chinese, followed by two validation analyses in Taiwan Chinese (n = 562) and Malaysian Chinese (n = 716). Results Firstly, the proportion of variance of X-linked loci over phenotypic variance was estimated in the discovery samples, which revealed that the phenotypic variance explained by X chromosome polymorphisms was estimated to be 12.63% (non-dosage compensation model) in males, as compared with 0.0001% in females. This suggested that the contribution of X chromosome to the genetic variance of NPC should not be neglected. Secondly, association analysis revealed that rs5927056 in DMD gene achieved X chromosome-wide association significance in the discovery sample (OR = 0.81, 95% CI 0.73–0.89, P = 1.49 × 10−5). Combined analysis revealed rs5927056 for DMD gene with suggestive significance (P = 9.44 × 10−5). Moreover, the female-specific association of rs5933886 in ARHGAP6 gene (OR = 0.62, 95%CI: 0.47–0.81, P = 4.37 × 10−4) was successfully replicated in Taiwan Chinese (P = 1.64 × 10−2). rs5933886 also showed nominally significant gender × SNP interaction in both Guangdong (P = 6.25 × 10−4) and Taiwan datasets (P = 2.99 × 10−2). Conclusion Our finding reveals new susceptibility loci at the X chromosome conferring risk of NPC and supports the value of including the X chromosome in large-scale association studies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13293-019-0227-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Sheng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan-Pan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yoon-Ming Chin
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yun-Miao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Fei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Hua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Jun Liu
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Alan Soo-Beng Khoo
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Taisei Mushiroda
- Laboratory for International Alliance on Genomic Research, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Ching-Ching Ng
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Wen-Hui Su
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan. .,Department of Otolaryngology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jin-Xin Bei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China. .,Center for Precision Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Liu SS, Yang YZ, Jiang C, Quan Q, Xie QK, Wang XP, He WZ, Rong YM, Chen P, Yang Q, Yang L, Zhang B, Xia XJ, Kong PF, Xia LP. Comparison of immunological characteristics between paired mismatch repair-proficient and -deficient colorectal cancer patients. J Transl Med 2018; 16:195. [PMID: 30005666 PMCID: PMC6045865 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1570-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) status is a promising candidate for targeted immune checkpoint inhibition therapy in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, however, the potential immunological mechanism has not yet been well clarified and some other predictors need to be excavated as well. METHODS We collected 330 CRC patients by the match of mismatch repair-proficient (167) and dMMR (163), explored the relationship between MMR status and some important immune molecules including MHC class I, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD56, programmed death-1 and programmed death ligand-1, and investigated the risk factors for dMMR status as well as low MHC class I expression. The Pearson Chi square test was used for analyzing the associations between clinicopathological and immune characteristics and MMR status, and two categories logistic regression model was used for univariate and multivariate analysis to predict the odds ratio of risk factors for dMMR status and low MHC class I expression. RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that low MHC class I and CD4 expression and high CD8 expression were significant risk factors for dMMR status [odds ratio (OR) = 24.66, 2.94 and 2.97, respectively; all p < 0.05] and dMMR status was the only risk factor for low MHC class I expression (OR = 15.34; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS High CD8 and low MHC class I expression suggests the contradiction and complexity of immune microenvironment in dMMR CRC patients. Some other immunocytes such as CD56+ cells might also participate in the process of immune checkpoint inhibition, whereas needs further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Sheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of the VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Zhong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of the VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of the VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Kun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of the VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Pai Wang
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Zhuo He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of the VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ming Rong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of the VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of the VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of the VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of the VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Fei Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China. .,Department of the VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liang-Ping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China. .,Department of the VIP Region, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Nairismägi ML, Gerritsen ME, Li ZM, Wijaya GC, Chia BKH, Laurensia Y, Lim JQ, Yeoh KW, Yao XS, Pang WL, Bisconte A, Hill RJ, Bradshaw JM, Huang D, Song TLL, Ng CCY, Rajasegaran V, Tang T, Tang QQ, Xia XJ, Kang TB, Teh BT, Lim ST, Ong CK, Tan J. Oncogenic activation of JAK3-STAT signaling confers clinical sensitivity to PRN371, a novel selective and potent JAK3 inhibitor, in natural killer/T-cell lymphoma. Leukemia 2018; 32:1147-1156. [PMID: 29434279 PMCID: PMC5940653 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-017-0004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant activation of the JAK3-STAT signaling pathway is a characteristic feature of many hematological malignancies. In particular, hyperactivity of this cascade has been observed in natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTL) cases. Although the first-in-class JAK3 inhibitor tofacitinib blocks JAK3 activity in NKTL both in vitro and in vivo, its clinical utilization in cancer therapy has been limited by the pan-JAK inhibition activity. To improve the therapeutic efficacy of JAK3 inhibition in NKTL, we have developed a highly selective and durable JAK3 inhibitor PRN371 that potently inhibits JAK3 activity over the other JAK family members JAK1, JAK2, and TYK2. PRN371 effectively suppresses NKTL cell proliferation and induces apoptosis through abrogation of the JAK3-STAT signaling. Moreover, the activity of PRN371 has a more durable inhibition on JAK3 compared to tofacitinib in vitro, leading to significant tumor growth inhibition in a NKTL xenograft model harboring JAK3 activating mutation. These findings provide a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of NKTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- M -L Nairismägi
- Lymphoma Genomic Translational Research Laboratory, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Z M Li
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - G C Wijaya
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - B K H Chia
- Lymphoma Genomic Translational Research Laboratory, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Y Laurensia
- Lymphoma Genomic Translational Research Laboratory, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - J Q Lim
- Lymphoma Genomic Translational Research Laboratory, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - K W Yeoh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - X S Yao
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - W L Pang
- Lymphoma Genomic Translational Research Laboratory, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - A Bisconte
- Principia Biopharma, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - R J Hill
- Principia Biopharma, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J M Bradshaw
- Principia Biopharma, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - D Huang
- Lymphoma Genomic Translational Research Laboratory, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - T L L Song
- Lymphoma Genomic Translational Research Laboratory, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - C C Y Ng
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - V Rajasegaran
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - T Tang
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Q Q Tang
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - X J Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - T B Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - B T Teh
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - S T Lim
- Lymphoma Genomic Translational Research Laboratory, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Office of Education, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - C K Ong
- Lymphoma Genomic Translational Research Laboratory, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - J Tan
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
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6
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Abstract
We describe a case of primary cutaneous mucormycosis in a 44-year-old man with an 18-month history of infiltrative erythematous plaques and haemorrhagic crusting on the dorsum of his left hand. The isolate was identified as Mucor irregularis (formerly Rhizomucor variabilis) based on the fungus morphology and DNA sequencing results. Improvement was observed after a 6-month treatment course of itraconazole. No recrudescence was seen during a follow-up of 23 months after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- X J Xia
- Department of Dermatology, Third Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - H Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Third Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Z H Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Third Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
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7
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Li X, Ahammed GJ, Zhang YQ, Zhang GQ, Sun ZH, Zhou J, Zhou YH, Xia XJ, Yu JQ, Shi K. Carbon dioxide enrichment alleviates heat stress by improving cellular redox homeostasis through an ABA-independent process in tomato plants. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2015; 17:81-9. [PMID: 24985337 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant responses to elevated CO₂ and high temperature are critically regulated through a complex network of phytohormones and redox homeostasis. However, the involvement of abscisic acid (ABA) in plant adaptation to heat stress under elevated CO₂ conditions has not been thoroughly studied. This study investigated the interactive effects of elevated CO₂ (800 μmol·mol(-1) ) and heat stress (42 °C for 24 h) on the endogenous level of ABA and the cellular redox state of two genotypes of tomato with different ABA biosynthesis capacities. Heat stress significantly decreased maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) and leaf water potential, but also increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and electrolyte leakage (EL) in both genotypes. Heat-induced damage was more severe in the ABA-deficient mutant notabilis (not) than in its parental cultivar Ailsa Craig (Ailsa), suggesting that a certain level of endogenous ABA is required to minimise the heat-induced oxidative damage to the photosynthetic apparatus. Irrespective of genotype, the enrichment of CO₂ remarkably stimulated Fv/Fm, MDA and EL in heat-stressed plants towards enhanced tolerance. In addition, elevated CO₂ significantly strengthened the antioxidant capacity of heat-stressed tomato seedlings towards a reduced cellular redox state for a prolonged period, thereby mitigating oxidative stress. However, elevated CO₂ and heat stress did not alter the endogenous level of ABA or the expression of its biosynthetic gene NCED2 in either genotype, indicating that ABA is not involved in elevated CO₂ -induced heat stress alleviation. The results of this study suggest that elevated CO₂ alleviated heat stress through efficient regulation of the cellular redox poise in an ABA-independent manner in tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Li
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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8
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Li L, Li N, Song SF, Li YX, Xia XJ, Fu XQ, Chen GH, Deng HF. Cloning and characterization of the drought-resistance OsRCI2-5 gene in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:4022-35. [PMID: 24938613 DOI: 10.4238/2014.may.23.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The genomic expression profile of the super-hybrid rice Liangyoupeijiu female parent Pei'ai 64S in different tissues at different developmental stages under low temperature, drought, and high temperature stresses were detected using an Affymetrix GeneChip Rice Genome Array to screen upregulated and downregulated genes. In this study, we screened the drought-resistant gene OsRCI2-5, after which a constitutive OsRCI2-5 construct was created and transferred into Nipponbare. After polyethylene glycol-6000 and drought treatment, we found that the OsRCI2-5 gene improved the drought resistance of Nipponbare. Gene expression profiling showed that the OsRCI2-5 gene was expressed in the rice leaves, stems, and flower organs. Subcellular localization revealed that the gene was located in the membranes, and hence, we can deduce that a membrane signal peptide was responsible for signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, China
| | - N Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, China
| | - S F Song
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, China
| | - Y X Li
- College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - X J Xia
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - X Q Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, China
| | - G H Chen
- College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - H F Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, China
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9
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Lei XG, Li JG, Wang KN, Xia XJ. Relative distribution of protein and non‐protein bound Se in liver and muscle of growing pigs fed two sources of dietary Se. FASEB J 2009. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.728.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- X G Lei
- Animal ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY
- Sichuan Agri UnivYa'anPeople's Republic of China
| | - J G Li
- Sichuan Agri UnivYa'anPeople's Republic of China
| | - K N Wang
- Sichuan Agri UnivYa'anPeople's Republic of China
| | - X J Xia
- Sichuan Agri UnivYa'anPeople's Republic of China
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10
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Fu S, Cheng HX, Liu YH, Xia XJ, Xu XB. Composition, distribution, and characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil in Linfen, China. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2009; 82:167-171. [PMID: 18773129 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-008-9542-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2008] [Accepted: 08/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A total of 10 surface soil samples representing the entire area of Linfen City were collected and analyzed for the presence of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentration ranged from 1.1 to 63.7 microg g(-1). Analysis of the sources of contamination revealed that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the soil were derived from combustion sources. Specifically, the primary source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was coal combustion, but the samples were also effected to varying degrees by traffic emissions. Furthermore, increased levels of contamination were observed in northeast Linfen due to the distribution of industrial plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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11
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Fu S, Li K, Xia XJ, Xu XB. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons residues in sandstorm depositions in Beijing, China. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2009; 82:162-166. [PMID: 18773130 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-008-9537-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2008] [Accepted: 08/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the concentration of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sandstorm depositions in Beijing, China. The PAH concentrations in 13 samples collected in Beijing ranged from 0.18 to 3.52 microg g(-1). Analysis of the sources of contamination revealed that the PAHs were derived from a coal combustion source, although various effects of traffic emissions were also observed. Furthermore, the PAH levels in Beijing tended to be higher in the southeast. Finally, the nemerow composite index revealed that the degree of pollution in the sandstorm depositions varied widely among sampling sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Cheng HX, Fu S, Liu YH, Li DS, Zhou JH, Xia XJ. Organochlorine pesticides in the soil in Linfen, China. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2008; 81:599-603. [PMID: 18779914 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-008-9544-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2008] [Accepted: 08/26/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Ten soil samples collected in Linfen were analyzed for 21 organochlorine pesticides. The concentration of total organochlorine pesticides ranged from 4.3 to 23.2 ng g(-1) in soil from urban areas and from 26.3 to 247.4 ng g(-1) in soil from industrial plants. The highest levels of contamination were observed in northwest and central Linfen, reflecting the distribution of industrial plants. The HCH and DDT profiles revealed that the sources were associated mainly with lindane and technical DDT, respectively, while HCHs in the soil of industrial plants might originate from a new source.
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Affiliation(s)
- H X Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, PeKing University, Beijing, China
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13
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Hu WH, Shi K, Song XS, Xia XJ, Zhou YH, Yu JQ. Different effects of chilling on respiration in leaves and roots of cucumber (Cucumis sativus). Plant Physiol Biochem 2006; 44:837-43. [PMID: 17097883 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2006.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2006] [Accepted: 10/09/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The effects of chilling on respiration (SHAM-resistant, cytochrome pathway and KCN-resistant, alternative pathway), temperature sensitivity, relative electrolyte conductivity, and degrees of oxidative stress (H(2)O(2) and malonaldehyde (MDA) contents) were separately examined in leaves and roots of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). After chilling at 8 degrees C for 4 days, both total respiration and KCN-resistant respiration in roots increased at different measurement temperatures. In contrast, SHAM-resistant respiration remained unchanged. In comparison, chilling significantly decreased the total respiration in leaves and this decrease was mostly due to a decrease in SHAM-resistant respiration. Chilling apparently decreased the sensitivity of KCN-resistant respiration to changes of temperature. The reduction levels of ubiquinone pool (UQr/UQt) increased both in chilled leaves and roots whilst pyruvate content increased only in chilled roots, but not in chilled leaves. Furthermore increases of H(2)O(2) and MDA contents were much greater in leaves than in roots. The same trend was also observed for ion leakage from tissues. Taken together, the results suggested that the higher chilling tolerance of roots was associated with their high total respiration and KCN-resistant respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Huajiachi Campus, Zhejiang University, Kaixuan Road 268, Hangzhou 310029, China.
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Ouyang XM, Hejtmancik JF, Jacobson SG, Xia XJ, Li A, Du LL, Newton V, Kaiser M, Balkany T, Nance WE, Liu XZ. USH1C: a rare cause of USH1 in a non-Acadian population and a founder effect of the Acadian allele. Clin Genet 2003; 63:150-3. [PMID: 12630964 DOI: 10.1046/j.0009-9163.2002.00004.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Usher syndrome (USH) is characterized by the associated findings of hearing loss and retinitis pigmentosa (RP), leading to progressive loss of vision. Three forms of USH can be distinguished clinically. In the most severe form, USH1, profound congenital deafness is associated with vestibular dysfunction and RP. To determine the frequency of USH1C mutations as a cause for USH1, 128 probands with Usher syndrome type 1 including seven from Acadian and 121 from non-Acadian populations were systematically screened for mutations in USH1C using a combined single-strand conformational polymorphisms (SSCP)/heteroduplex and sequencing method. All seven Acadian USH1 patients were found to be homozygous for both the 216G>A mutation and the 9-repeat VNTR which characterizes the Acadian allele, confirming previous evidence for a founder effect by haplotype analysis. However, USH1C mutations were identified in only two non-Acadian USH1 probands (1.65%) including one from Pakistan who was homozygous for a 238-239insC mutation and one from Canada was also homozygous for the Acadian allele. The low prevalence of USH1C mutations in the present study suggests that the high prevalence of the 238-239insC in Germany may reflect a founder effect. Comparison of the affected haplotypes in the Canadian patient with the Acadian USH1 patients yielded evidence for a founder effect. Our data suggest that USH1C is a relatively rare form of USH1 in non-Acadian populations and that in addition to the 216G>A Acadian mutation, the 238-239insC mutation appears to be common in some populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- X M Ouyang
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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15
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Liu XZ, Xia XJ, Adams J, Chen ZY, Welch KO, Tekin M, Ouyang XM, Kristiansen A, Pandya A, Balkany T, Arnos KS, Nance WE. Mutations in GJA1 (connexin 43) are associated with non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness. Hum Mol Genet 2001; 10:2945-51. [PMID: 11741837 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/10.25.2945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in four members of the connexin gene family have been shown to underlie distinct genetic forms of deafness, including GJB2 [connexin 26 (Cx26)], GJB3 (Cx31), GJB6 (Cx30) and GJB1 (Cx32). We have found that alterations in a fifth member of this family, GJA1 (Cx43), appear to cause a common form of deafness in African Americans. We identified two different GJA1 mutations in four of 26 African American probands. Three were homozygous for a Leu-->Phe substitution in the absolutely conserved codon 11, whereas the other was homozygous for a Val-->Ala transversion at the highly conserved codon 24. Neither mutation was detected in DNA from 100 control subjects without deafness. Cx43 is expressed in the cochlea, as is demonstrated by PCR amplification from human fetal cochlear cDNA and by RT-PCR of mouse cochlear tissues. Immunohistochemical staining of mouse cochlear preparations showed immunostaining for Cx43 in non-sensory epithelial cells and in fibrocytes of the spiral ligament and the spiral limbus. To our knowledge this is the first alpha connexin gene to be associated with non-syndromic deafness. Cx43 must also play a critical role in the physiology of hearing, presumably by participating in the recycling of potassium to the cochlear endolymph.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Z Liu
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical College of Virginia of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0033, USA.
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16
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Tekin M, Akar N, Cin S, Blanton SH, Xia XJ, Liu XZ, Nance WE, Pandya A. Connexin 26 (GJB2) mutations in the Turkish population: implications for the origin and high frequency of the 35delG mutation in Caucasians. Hum Genet 2001; 108:385-9. [PMID: 11409864 DOI: 10.1007/s004390100507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the Connexin 26 (GJB2/Cx26) gene are responsible for more than half of all cases of prelingual non-syndromic recessive deafness in many Caucasian populations. To determine the importance of Cx26 mutations as a cause of deafness in Turks we screened 11 families with prelingual non-syndromic deafness, seven (64%) of which were found to carry the 35delG mutation. We subsequently screened 674 Turkish subjects with no known hearing loss and found twelve 35delG heterozygotes (1.78%; 95% confidence interval: 0.9%-3%) but no examples of the 167delT mutation. To search for possible founder effects, we typed chromosomes carrying the 35delG mutation for closely linked polymorphic markers in samples from Turkey and United States and compared the allele frequencies with those of hearing subjects. The data showed a modest degree of disequilibrium in both populations. Analyses of two pedigrees from Turkey demonstrated both conserved and different haplotypes, suggesting possible founder effects and multiple origins of the 35delG mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tekin
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0033, USA
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17
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Abstract
Although more than 50% of recessive non-syndromic deafness is attributed to mutations in the connexin 26 (Cx26) gene, only a few reported families have shown dominant transmission of the trait. The W44C mutation was originally reported in two families from the same geographic region of France, which exhibited dominant non-syndromic hearing loss. In this report, we describe a third family with early-onset severe-to-profound non-syndromic hearing loss segregating with the W44C mutation. Our observation places W44C among recurrent mutations in the Cx26 gene and emphasizes the importance of screening for this as well as other Cx26 mutations in autosomal dominant families.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tekin
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0033, USA
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18
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Liu XZ, Xia XJ, Xu LR, Pandya A, Liang CY, Blanton SH, Brown SD, Steel KP, Nance WE. Mutations in connexin31 underlie recessive as well as dominant non-syndromic hearing loss. Hum Mol Genet 2000; 9:63-7. [PMID: 10587579 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/9.1.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the GJB3 gene encoding connexin31 (Cx31) can cause a dominant non-syndromic form of hearing loss (DFNA2). To determine whether mutations at this locus can also cause recessive non-syndromic deafness, we screened 25 Chinese families with recessive deafness and identified in two families affected individuals who were compound heterozygotes for Cx31 mutations. The three affected individuals in the two families were born to non-consanguineous parents and had an early onset bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. In both families, differing SSCP patterns were observed in affected and unaffected individuals. Sequence analysis in both families demonstrated an in-frame 3 bp deletion (423-425delATT) in one allele, which leads to the loss of an isoleucine residue at codon 141, and a 423A-->G transversion in the other allele, which creates an Ile-->Val substitution at codon 141 (I141V). Neither of these two mutations was detected in DNA from 100 unrelated control subjects. The altered isoleucine residue lies within the third conserved alpha-helical transmembrane domain (M3), which is critical for the formation of the wall of the gap junction pore. Both the deletion of the isoleucine residue 141 and its substitution to valine in the two families could alter the structure of M3, and impair the function of the gap junction. The present data demonstrate that, like mutations in connexin26, mutations in Cx31 can lead to both recessive and dominant forms of non-syndromic deafness.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Z Liu
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical College of Virginia of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0033, USA.
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Pandya A, Xia XJ, Blanton SH, Landa B, Markello T, Nance WE. Implications of molecular diagnostic testing in families with hereditary pancreatitis. Genet Test 1999; 1:207-11. [PMID: 10464647 DOI: 10.1089/gte.1997.1.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary Pancreatitis (HP), is an autosomal dominant trait, which presents with recurrent attacks of abdominal pain, and is the most common cause of chronic relapsing pancreatitis in children. In addition to recurring episodes of intense epigastric pain, patients have nausea, vomiting, and anorexia, and typically show elevated serum amylase levels during the acute episode that can rapidly decline in convalescence. Complications of long-standing disease include features of chronic pancreatitis, such as pancreatic pseudo-cyst, exocrine and endocrine failure, parenchymal calcification, and pancreatic cancer. A large family from Virginia, which was originally studied by Katwinkle and Lapey in 1973, was re-ascertained through a new proband. Linkage studies in this family mapped the gene to the 7q35 region, with similar results being reported simultaneously by two other groups. A pathogenic G to A transition mutation in exon 3 of the cationic trypsinogen (CT) gene, which had previously been mapped to this region, was found both in our family as well as other families from North America. Many other conditions can produce abdominal symptoms that are often mis-attributed to the disease in HP families. An affected member of our family in whom the mutation was confirmed by direct sequencing of exon 3 of the cationic trypsinogen gene requested diagnostic testing on his 4-year-old son because of onset of severe abdominal pain and vomiting. Screening for the mutation in this child did not reveal the pathogenic G to A change. These results prevented unnecessary invasive diagnostic procedures and treatment in this child. The pre-symptomatic testing of high risk individuals could, thus, have a significant impact on the well being of both affected and normal family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pandya
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298, USA
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20
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Pandya A, Xia XJ, Landa BL, Arnos KS, Israel J, Lloyd J, James AL, Diehl SR, Blanton SH, Nance WE. Phenotypic variation in Waardenburg syndrome: mutational heterogeneity, modifier genes or polygenic background? Hum Mol Genet 1996; 5:497-502. [PMID: 8845842 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/5.4.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We have identified 11 mutational changes in the PAX3 gene in patients with type 1 Waardenburg syndrome (WS1) including three in the paired domain, six within or immediately adjacent to the homeodomain and two previously described polymorphic variants in exons 2 and 6. The affected members of one family carried substitutions involving two base pairs separated by one unaltered codon. Two of the deleterious mutations were identical and three others were identical to previously reported mutations. A comparison of clinical findings in families carrying substitutions in the same codon failed to reveal conspicuous similarities. Although subtle mutation-specific effects may well exist, allelic heterogeneity clearly cannot account for within family variation. However, the striking concordance of a pair of monozygotic twins with Waardenburg syndrome (WS) and previous reports of similar pairs indicate that phenotypic variation in WS has a genetic basis. If the genetic effects are mediated by oligogenic epistasis, as studies in the mouse suggest, it may ultimately be possible to predict clinically relevant aspects of the Waardenburg phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pandya
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond 23298, USA
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Xia XJ, Gu XB, Sartorelli AC, Yu RK, Santorelli AC. Effects of inducers of differentiation on protein kinase C and CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid:lactosylceramide sialyltransferase activities of HL-60 leukemia cells. J Lipid Res 1989; 30:181-8. [PMID: 2715723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure of HL-60 leukemia cells to either 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), exogenous gangliosides GM3, GM1, or bovine brain ganglioside mixture (BBG) resulted in a marked inhibition of the growth of cells. The order of the inhibitory potency was TPA greater than GM3 greater than DMSO greater than BBG greater than GM1. In contrast, sulfatides were without effect on cellular replication. Treatment of HL-60 cells with TPA or GM3 induced differentiation along the monocyte/macrophage lineage, while treatment with DMSO induced maturation along the granulocytic pathway. These effects were accompanied by more than a twofold increase in protein kinase C (PKC) activity. In contrast, treatment with GM1, BBG, or sulfatides caused only a relatively small increase in PKC activity. The activity of CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid:lactosylceramide sialyltransferase (ST1), a key enzyme for membrane gangliosides synthesis, in HL-60 cells was also influenced by the exposure to TPA, GM3, DMSO, GM1, or sulfatides. The inducers of differentiation, TPA and DMSO, caused an increase in ST1 activity, whereas GM3, which also induced cellular differentiation, inhibited ST1 activity, perhaps through the action of end-product inhibition. The non-inducers of differentiation, GM1 and sulfatides, also increased the activity of ST1, but to a much lesser extent. The findings suggest that the direct or indirect modulation of PKC activity by some of these agents may be involved, at least in part, in the regulation of cellular growth and differentiation. Furthermore, it is conceivable that differences in PKC activity may be responsible for the changes in ST1 activity associated with cell differentiation and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- X J Xia
- Department of Neurology, Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
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