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Campbell TJ, Greige N, Yan Y, Lu YH, Ricci JA, Weichman KE. Women in Microsurgery Fellowships: Trends and Impact on Future Practice Patterns. J Reconstr Microsurg 2024; 40:357-362. [PMID: 37751878 DOI: 10.1055/a-2182-0902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the number of female plastic surgeons has continued to increase over time, plastic surgery has historically been a male-dominated profession with only 15% of practicing plastic surgeons being female. Microsurgery, as a subspecialty, has been long perceived as an even more male-centric career path. The objective of this study was to determine the representation of females in the subspecialty field of microsurgery and the impact of microsurgical fellowship training. METHODS A review of all microsurgery fellowship programs participating in the microsurgery fellowship match from 2010 to 2019 were analyzed. Fellows were identified through fellowship Web site pages or direct contact with fellowship program coordinators and directors. The current type of practice and performance of microsurgery were also identified through a Web search and direct contact with fellowship program coordinators and directors. RESULTS A total of 21 programs and 317 fellows over a 10-year period were analyzed. Over this 10-year period, there was a total of 100 (31.5%) female microsurgery fellows and 217 (68.5%) male microsurgery fellows. There was a small, statistically insignificant increase in the yearly percentage of female microsurgery fellows over this 10-year period with an average yearly increase of 2.7% (p = 0.60; 95% confidence interval: -6.9 to 13.2%). There were significantly fewer females who continued to practice microsurgery compared to males (75 [75.0%] vs. 186 [85.7%], p = 0.02). There was no significant difference in the current practice types (academic, private, and nonacademic hospital) between females and males (p = 0.29). CONCLUSION Women are underrepresented in the field of microsurgery to a similar extent as they are underrepresented in overall plastic surgery. While there is a small insignificant increase in the number of female microsurgery fellows every year, a significantly smaller proportion of females continue to practice microsurgery compared to males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa J Campbell
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Nicolas Greige
- Department of Plastic Surgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Yufan Yan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Yi-Hsueh Lu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Joseph A Ricci
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwell Health, Great Neck, New York
| | - Katie E Weichman
- Hangjorg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York City, New York
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Lu YH, Wang RX, Liu HL, Lai ACK. Evaluating the Performance of UV Disinfection across the 222-365 nm Spectrum against Aerosolized Bacteria and Viruses. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:6868-6877. [PMID: 38593035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Bioaerosols play a significant role in the transmission of many infectious diseases, especially in enclosed indoor environments. Ultraviolet (UV) disinfection has demonstrated a high efficacy in inactivating microorganisms suspended in the air. To develop more effective and efficient UV disinfection protocols, it is necessary to evaluate and optimize the effectiveness of UV disinfection against aerosolized bacteria and viruses across the entire UV spectrum. In this study, we evaluated the performance of UV disinfection across the UV spectrum, ranging from 222 to 365 nm, against aerosolized bacteria and viruses, including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Salmonella enterica, MS2, P22, and Phi6. Six commonly available UV sources, including gas discharge tubes and light-emitting diodes with different emission spectra, were utilized, and their performance in terms of inactivation efficacy, action spectrum, and energy efficiency was determined. Among these UV sources, the krypton chloride excilamp emitting at a peak wavelength of 222 nm was the most efficient in inactivating viral bioaerosols. A low-pressure mercury lamp emitting at 254 nm performed well on both inactivation efficacy and energy efficiency. A UV light-emitting diode emitting at 268 nm demonstrated the highest bacterial inactivation efficacy, but required approximately 10 times more energy to achieve an equivalent inactivation level compared with that of the krypton chloride excilamp and low-pressure mercury lamp. This study provides insights into UV inactivation on bioaerosols, which can guide the development of effective wavelength-targeted UV air disinfection technologies and may significantly help reduce bioaerosol transmission in public areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Lu
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - R X Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - H L Liu
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - A C K Lai
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
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Rudy HL, Shamamian P, Grande J, Wang F, Lu YH, Ricci JA. Hemostatic Agents Do Not Significantly Affect Seroma Formation in Abdominal Body Contouring. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2024; 48:1395-1402. [PMID: 37949979 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-023-03748-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Objective: Seroma formation is plaguing complication in abdominal body contouring surgery (ABCS) that has been loosely associated with the use of intraoperative hemostatic agents. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between hemostatic agent usage and seroma development following ABCS. METHODS A retrospective review of patients undergoing ABCS between 2010 and 2020 was completed. Cases who received hemostatic agents were matched to controls (1:2) based on potential confounders including age, BMI, and ASA score. Demographic data, operative details, and postoperative complications including development of seroma, hematoma, venous thromboembolism, wound dehiscence, and delayed wound healing were collected. RESULTS Seven hundred and seven patients were included in the study. Sixty-five patients (9.2%) received at least one hemostatic agent. The most used agents were topical thrombin (n = 33, 50.1%), dry matrices including oxidized cellulose, microporous polysaccharides, and absorbable gelatin matrices (n = 15, 23.1%) followed by combination fibrin sealant/thrombin preparations (n = 9, 14.0%). No significant differences with respect to demographic data or medical comorbidities between the cases and controls were identified. Bivariate analysis demonstrated no significant differences in the rate of development of seroma (OR: 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.23-1.99, p = 0.781), hematoma (OR: 3.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.95-14.65, p = 0.060), venous thromboembolism (OR: 0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.44-3.81, p = 0.433). CONCLUSION Hemostatic agent use, regardless of type, does not significantly affect the risk of seroma, hematoma, and venous thromboembolism development, nor does it influence the rates of delayed wound healing or wound dehiscence. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayeem L Rudy
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Peter Shamamian
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Julia Grande
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Fei Wang
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Yi-Hsueh Lu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Joseph A Ricci
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Northwell Health, 600 Northern Blvd, Suite 309, Great Neck, NY, 11021, USA.
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Lu YH, Mahajan L, Rudy HL, Yan Y, Ricci JA. The Impact of Marijuana Use on Postoperative Outcomes in Abdominal-Based Free Flap Breast Reconstruction. J Reconstr Microsurg 2024. [PMID: 38413008 DOI: 10.1055/a-2277-0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an increasing prevalence of marijuana use in the general population yet clinical studies on marijuana's effect on surgical outcomes remain limited. Marijuana's effect on wound healing, venous thromboembolism due to endothelial inflammation, and bleeding due to inhibited platelet function have been cited based on animal models but have not been evaluated clinically in patients undergoing microsurgical reconstruction. METHODS Retrospective chart review was performed on all patients who underwent abdominal-based free flap breast reconstruction in a single institute from August 2018 to December 2022. Patient self-reported marijuana use, demographics, total narcotic use during hospitalization converted to oral morphine milligram equivalent (MME), and 90-day complications were collected and compared. RESULTS Total of 162 patients were included and 13 patients (8.5%) had reported marijuana use on pre-surgical history. Marijuana users are more likely to be younger and report concurrent nicotine smoking. Marijuana users were also at a significantly elevated risk of developing symptomatic venous thromboembolism (15% vs 1%; OR13.4 [95%CI 1.71-104.2], p=0.01) and marijuana use remained a significant risk factor with multivariate analysis. On postoperative 90-day complications, there was no increased risk of flap loss, re-operation, post-operative transfusion, or hematoma associated with marijuana use, and no significantly increased risk for overall donor or recipient site complications. Marijuana users required significantly more narcotics for pain control during hospitalization (100 ±77 MME vs 49 ±45 MME; p=0.0003), although they had similar lengths of stay, achievement of mobilization on POD1, and maximal pain scores. CONCLUSION Marijuana use increases the risks of postoperative venous thromboembolism and increased postoperative narcotic requirements in patients who underwent abdominal based free flap breast reconstruction. Future prospective cohort study is required to further understand marijuana associated risks in microsurgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsueh Lu
- Plastic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, The Bronx, United States
| | - Lakshmi Mahajan
- Plastic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, United States
| | - Hayeem L Rudy
- Plastic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, United States
| | - Yufan Yan
- Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, United States
| | - Joseph A Ricci
- Plastic Surgery, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, United States
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Lu YH, Jeon J, Mahajan L, Yan Y, Weichman KE, Ricci JA. Postoperative Magnesium Sulfate Repletion Decreases Narcotic Use in Abdominal-Based Free Flap Breast Reconstruction. J Reconstr Microsurg 2024. [PMID: 38272058 DOI: 10.1055/a-2253-9008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microsurgical breast reconstruction after mastectomy is now the standard of care for breast cancer patients. However, the costs and resources involved in free flap reconstruction can vary across different medical settings. To enhance patient outcomes in a cost-effective manner, we investigated the effect of intravenous magnesium sulfate (IV Mg) on postoperative opioid usage in this context. METHODS A retrospective chart review was performed on all consecutive patients who underwent abdominal-based free flap breast reconstruction in a single institute following an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol. Patients who received IV Mg were compared with those who did not receive supplementation. Serum magnesium levels at different time points, narcotic consumption in units of oral morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs), and other postoperative recovery parameters were compared. RESULTS Eighty-two patients were included. Those who received IV Mg on postoperative day 0 (n = 67) showed significantly lower serum magnesium levels before repletion (1.5 vs. 1.7 mg/dL, p = 0.004) and significantly higher levels on postoperative day 1 after repletion (2.2 vs. 1.7 mg/dL, p = 0.0002) compared to patients who received no magnesium repletion (n = 13). While both groups required a similar amount of narcotics on postoperative day 0 (20.2 vs. 13.2 MMEs, p = 0.2), those who received IV Mg needed significantly fewer narcotics for pain control on postoperative day 1 (12.2 MMEs for IV Mg vs. 19.8 MMEs for No Mg, p = 0.03). Recovery parameters, including maximal pain scores, postoperative mobilization, and length of hospital stay, did not significantly differ between the two groups. CONCLUSION This is the first study to describe the potential analgesic benefits of routine postoperative magnesium repletion in abdominal-based free flap reconstruction. Further research is necessary to fully understand the role of perioperative magnesium supplementation as part of an ERAS protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsueh Lu
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Jini Jeon
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Lakshmi Mahajan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Yufan Yan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Katie E Weichman
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Joseph A Ricci
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Northwell Health, Hofstra School of Medicine, Great Neck, New York
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Lu YH, Wang F, Rothchild E, Greige N, Mehta K, Weichman KE, Ricci JA. Visual Perception of Breast Free Flap Size Is Influenced by Radiation Changes of Surrounding Tissue. J Reconstr Microsurg 2024; 40:30-39. [PMID: 36928906 DOI: 10.1055/a-2056-1991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microsurgical reconstruction for bilateral mastectomy defects after unilateral radiation often results in asymmetry, despite both flap tissues never being radiated. METHODS Photos of 16 patients who received prior radiation to one breast and underwent bilateral abdominal free flap reconstruction were taken postoperatively. Layperson and expert assessment were attained via online crowdsourcing and a panel of attending surgeons and senior residents. Stratification by interflap weight differences was done for subanalysis. RESULTS A total of 399 laypersons responded, with the majority (57.3%) reporting that the radiated breast appeared smaller than the nonradiated breast. When the photos were stratified by interflap weight differences, the photos with the radiated side flap weight over 3% more than nonradiated side were significantly more likely to be perceived by laypersons as the same size (odds ratio [OR] = 2.7; p < 0.001) and of similar aesthetic (OR = 1.9; p < 0.001) when compared with photos with same-sized flaps. Of the expert responses (n = 16), the radiated side was perceived as smaller 72.3% of the time and the nonradiated side appeared more aesthetic 52.7% of the time. Contrary to layperson responses, the experts tend to report the radiated side as smaller despite varying flap weight. Interestingly, expert raters were significantly more likely to rate the flaps of equal aesthetics when the radiated side has a flap larger by 3% or more (OR = 3.6; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Higher aesthetic scores were noted when larger flaps were inset to the radiated envelope by both laypersons and experts, suggesting potential technical refinement in reconstructive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsueh Lu
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Fei Wang
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Evan Rothchild
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Nicolas Greige
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Karan Mehta
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Katie E Weichman
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Joseph A Ricci
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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Nie J, Li CH, Liu XY, Shen X, Li Y, Wang WJ, Lu YH. Dermoscopy observation of five cases of pilar sheath acanthoma and a literature review. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 2023; 39:676-678. [PMID: 37587661 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Nie
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - C H Li
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - X Y Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - X Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - W J Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Y H Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Wang F, Rothchild E, Lu YH, Ricci JA. Language Disparity Predicts Poor Patient-Reported Outcome and Follow-Up in Microsurgical Breast Reconstruction. J Reconstr Microsurg 2023; 39:681-694. [PMID: 36809784 DOI: 10.1055/a-2040-1750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with limited English proficiency (LEP) have starkly different health care experiences compared with their English-proficient counterparts. The authors aim to examine the link between LEP and postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing microsurgical breast reconstruction. METHODS A retrospective review of all patients who underwent abdominal-based microsurgical breast reconstruction at our institution between 2009 and 2019 was performed. Variables collected included patient demographics, language status, interpreter usage, perioperative complications, follow-up visits, and self-reported outcomes (Breast-Q). Pearson's χ 2 test, Student's t-test, odds ratio analysis, and regression modeling were used for analysis. RESULTS A total of 405 patients were included. LEP patients comprised 22.22% of the overall cohort with 80% of LEP patients utilizing interpreter services. LEP patients reported significantly lower satisfaction with an abdominal appearance at the 6-month follow-up and lower physical and sexual well-being scores at the 1-year follow-up (p = 0.05, 0.02, 0.01, respectively). Non-LEP patients had significantly longer operative times (539.6 vs. 499.3 minutes, p = 0.024), were more likely to have postoperative donor site revisions (p = 0.05), and more likely to receive preoperative neuraxial anesthesia (p = 0.01). After adjusting for confounders, LEP stats was associated with 0.93 fewer follow-up visits (p = 0.02). Interestingly, compared with LEP patients who did not receive interpreter services, LEP patients who did had 1.98 more follow-up visits (p = 0.02). There were no significant differences in emergency room visits or complications between the cohorts. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that language disparities exist within microsurgical breast reconstruction and underscore the importance of effective, language-conscious communication between surgeon and patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- The Division of Plastic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Evan Rothchild
- The Division of Plastic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Yi-Hsueh Lu
- The Division of Plastic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Joseph A Ricci
- The Division of Plastic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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Lu YH, Lu QY, Yan ZY, Xu CR. [Research and exploration of salivary biological markers for hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2023; 31:495-503. [PMID: 37365026 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20230210-00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To study using isotope-labeled relative and absolute quantitative proteomics methodologies to screen for salivary biological markers as a simple, non-invasive tool for identifying hepatitis B-related HCC at an early stage. Methods: Saliva samples were collected to extract salivary proteins. Isotope-labeled relative and absolute quantitative proteomics were used to analyze the differentially expressed proteins between the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and non-HCC groups. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to verify differential proteins and identify markers in liver cancer tissues and saliva. Statistical analysis was used to analyze the diagnostic efficiency of salivary biomarkers. Results: 152 differentially expressed salivary proteins were screened out between the HCC and non-HCC groups. Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays validated that the expressions of α-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (ORM1) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were significantly increased in HCC (P < 0.05). There was a significant correlation between salivary AFP and serum AFP (P < 0.05). HCC was diagnosed when salivary α-1-acid glycoprotein 1 combined with AFP. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.8726 (95% confidence interval: 0.8104 ~ 0.9347), the sensitivity was 78.3%, and the specificity was 88%. Conclusion: Salivary AFP and α-1-acid glycoprotein 1 can serve as potential biomarkers for hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Lu
- Department of Infectious Diseases of People's Liberation Army, the 909th flospital, Dongnan Hospital of Xiamen University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Q Y Lu
- Department of Infectious Diseases of People's Liberation Army, the 909th flospital, Dongnan Hospital of Xiamen University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Z Y Yan
- Department of Infectious Diseases of People's Liberation Army, the 909th flospital, Dongnan Hospital of Xiamen University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - C R Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases of People's Liberation Army, the 909th flospital, Dongnan Hospital of Xiamen University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
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Liao CD, Lu YH, Guillen PT, Dagum AB. An Anatomical Feasibility Study on the Use of the Hypoglossal and Hemihypoglossal Nerve as a Donor Motor Nerve for Free Functioning Muscle Transfer in Upper Extremity Reconstruction. J Hand Surg Am 2023; 48:193.e1-193.e8. [PMID: 34776318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2021.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Brachial plexus injuries (BPI) with complete root avulsions remains a clinical challenge due to a paucity of nerves available for nerve transfer and innervation of free functioning muscle transfers (FFMT). The hypoglossal and hemihypoglossal nerve has not been studied as a donor nerve option for FFMTs in brachial plexus reconstruction, despite successful outcomes of hypoglossal nerve transfers in facial reanimation surgery. We hypothesized that the hypoglossal nerve could be an appropriate candidate for surgical repair of BPI using FFMT. METHODS A cadaveric study was performed to determine the anatomic feasibility of using the hypoglossal and hemihypoglossal nerves as donor nerves to neurotize the gracilis or latissimus dorsi muscle in an FFMT to restore elbow flexion. Twelve cadavers (6 males and 6 females) were studied. The hypoglossal nerve, thoracodorsal nerve, and obturator nerve branches to the gracilis muscle were dissected, measured, and analyzed. RESULTS The average length of the hypoglossal nerve was 6.3 ± 0.5 cm in both sexes. The average distance between the lowest point of the hypoglossal nerve and the lateral clavicle was 8.4 ± 1.3 cm in males and 7.7 ± 0.8 cm in females. When the hypoglossal nerve was transected distally, the average distance to the clavicle was 4.5 ± 1.6 cm in males and 3.8 ± 1.5 cm in females. CONCLUSIONS The maximum theoretical length of the donor nerve required to perform an adequate FFMT using the hypoglossal nerve was 8.9 ± 1.2 cm, which was well exceeded by the lengths of the thoracodorsal nerve (14.5 ± 1.3 cm) and nerve to the gracilis muscle (12.7 ± 1.7 cm). CLINICAL RELEVANCE This cadaveric study demonstrated that the hypoglossal or hemihypoglossal nerves may be used as potential motor donor nerves to innervate a free gracilis or latissimus dorsi muscle transfer for the restoration of elbow flexion via a direct nerve transfer without the need for nerve grafting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Liao
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Yi-Hsueh Lu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Phillip T Guillen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Alexander B Dagum
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY.
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Lu YH, Wu H, Zhang HH, Li WS, Lai ACK. Synergistic disinfection of aerosolized bacteria and bacteriophage by far-UVC (222-nm) and negative air ions. J Hazard Mater 2023; 441:129876. [PMID: 36087531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Air ionizers and 222-nm krypton-chlorine (KrCl) excilamp have proven to be effective disinfection apparatus for bacteria and viruses with limited health risks. We determined inactivation efficiencies by operating them individually and in combined modules. Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, non-enveloped dsDNA virus, and enveloped dsRNA virus were examined in a designed air disinfection system. Our results showed that the bioaerosols were inactivated efficiently by negative ionizers and far-UVC (222-nm), either used individually or in combination. Among which the combined modules of negative ionizers and KrCl excilamp had the best disinfection performance for the bacteria. The aerosolized virus P22 and Phi 6 were more susceptible to 222-nm emitted by KrCl excilamp than negative air ions. Significant greater inactivation of bacterial bioaerosols were identified after treated by combined treatment of negative air ion and far-UVC for 2 minutes (Escherichia coli, 6.25 natural log (ln) reduction; Staphylococcus epidermidis, 3.66 ln reduction), as compared to the mean sum value of inactivation results by respective individual treatment of negative ionizers and KrCl excilamp (Escherichia coli, 4.34 ln; Staphylococcus epidermidis, 1.75 ln), indicating a synergistic inactivation effect. The findings provide important baseline data to support the design and development of safe and high-efficient disinfection systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Lu
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - H Wu
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong China; Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - H H Zhang
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - W S Li
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong China
| | - A C K Lai
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong China.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Y Lan
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - F L Shu
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Y H Lu
- Tobacco Company of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - A F Shou
- Hezhou Branch of Tobacco Company of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Hezhou, 542800, China
| | - W Lin
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - G Q Yuan
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
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13
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Lu J, Lu XY, Shen YT, Zhang LP, Mei KW, Guan BC, Lu YH. [Analysis on vaccination willingness and related factors of influenza, pneumonia, and herpes zoster vaccine among people over 50 years old in Minhang district of Shanghai]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 56:125-131. [PMID: 35184439 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20210423-00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To determine the knowledge of influenza, pneumonia, herpes zoster and related vaccines, willingness to vaccinate under multiple payment scenarios, and corresponding risk factors among people over 50 years old in Minhang District of Shanghai. Methods: A total of 1 672 respondents aged 50-69 from 13 communities/towns in Minhang district of Shanghai were included in this study using a stratified random sampling strategy on December 2020. The knowledge of influenza, pneumonia, herpes zoster and vaccines was investigated using a questionnaire, and the differences in the willingness under multiple payment scenarios were determined using chi-square test. The consistency in the willingness under multiple payment scenarios was compared using Cohen's Kappa and the risk factors of the willingness was determined using ordinal logistic regression. Results: The average age of 1 672 respondents was (60.48±5.96) years old, including 777 (46.47%) males and 895 (53.53%) females. A total of 1 350 subjects (80.74%) had local household registration in Shanghai. The proportion of the willingness to vaccinate for themselves, spouses, and parents under any payment scenario was determined to be 80.6% (influenza vaccine), 81.5% (pneumonia vaccine), and 74.0% (herpes zoster vaccine). The willingness to vaccinate against influenza and pneumonia under multiple payment scenarios remained stable (Kappa value ≥0.6), while that against herpes zoster infection was inconsistent (Kappa value ≤0.35). Logistic regression analysis showed that respondents who had higher knowledge of influenza and influenza vaccine [OR (95%CI): 1.111 (1.054-1.170), 1.182 (1.126-1.240), respectively], aged 50-59 [1.305 (1.085-1.531)] and local household registration in Shanghai [1.372 (1.079-1.721)] had higher willingness to vaccinate against influenza, while males had lower willingness [0.733 (0.551-0.910)]. Respondents who had higher knowledge of pneumonia and pneumonia vaccine [OR (95%CI): 1.837 (1.152-2.517), 2.217 (1.541-2.893), respectively] had higher willingness to receive pneumonia vaccine. Respondents aged 50-59 [1.327 (1.059-1.537)] and with local household registration in Shanghai [2.497 (1.417-4.400)] were more likely to be vaccinated against herpes zoster, while those with middle school degree or below [0.664 (0.396-0.992)] and high school degree [0.559 (0.324-0.964)] were less likely to be vaccinated. Conclusion: Among people aged over 50 years old in Minhang district of Shanghai, the willingness to vaccinate for themselves, spouses, and parents against influenza, pneumonia and herpes zoster infection is quite different under multiple payment scenarios, especially for herpes zoster vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lu
- Department of Immunization Planning, Minhang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201101, China Minhang Branch, Fudan School of Public Health, Shanghai 201100, China
| | - X Y Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan School of Public Health, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y T Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - L P Zhang
- Department of Immunization Planning, Minhang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201101, China Minhang Branch, Fudan School of Public Health, Shanghai 201100, China
| | - K W Mei
- Department of Immunization Planning, Minhang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201101, China Minhang Branch, Fudan School of Public Health, Shanghai 201100, China
| | - B C Guan
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan School of Public Health, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y H Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan School of Public Health, Shanghai 200032, China
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Lu YH, Shi WP, Hu Y, Xia F, Ning Z, Wu MY, Chen C, O Hu Y, Xu B. [A comparative study on the difference of gut microbiota and its biomarkers between patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and healthy controls]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2021; 44:939-946. [PMID: 34758519 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20210315-00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the differences in the composition and abundance of gut microbiota between patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and healthy controls, and to identify the specific bacteria as biomarkers to distinguish between the two groups. Methods: Patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis treated in three municipal designated tuberculosis medical institutions in Sichuan, Jiangsu and Shanghai from September 2017 to September 2019 were selected as the case group (n=88), and the healthy people without a history of tuberculosis from the same regions were recruited as the control group (n=62). The fecal samples of the two groups were detected by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the differences of gut microbiota diversity, community composition and relative abundance at phylum and genus level from the two groups were analyzed. The random forest method was used to construct a predictive model to assess whether the specific bacterial flora could be used as biomarkers to distinguish tuberculosis patients from healthy people. Results: The alpha diversity analysis showed that the species richness and evenness of gut microbiota in tuberculosis patients were significantly lower than those in healthy controls (P<0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the composition of microbiota between the two groups (Bray-Curtis distance, P<0.001). In the gut microbiota of tuberculosis patients, opportunistic pathogens were relatively enriched, while some of the beneficial bacteria that can produce short-chain fatty acids were less abundant. The discrimination accuracy of the random forest model composed of Lachnospira, Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group and Roseburia was 76.67%, with area under the curve (AUC) being 75.29% (95%CI: 0.661-0.845). Conclusion: There were differences in gut microbiota between patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and healthy people, and specific bacterial flora showed the potential to be used as biomarkers to distinguish between the two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - W P Shi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - F Xia
- Department of Tuberculosis, the 905th Hospital of PLA Navy, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Z Ning
- Zigong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Sichuan Province 643000, China
| | - M Y Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Infectious Disease Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - C Chen
- Department of Chronic Communicable Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 320106, China
| | - Y O Hu
- Center for Translational Microbiome Research (CTMR), Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Huang J, Zhan XY, Zhao AL, Wu B, Yang Y, Tan P, Wan LJ, Lu YH. [A novel compound heterozygous mutation in MYSM1 gene in a 1-month-old girl: a bone marrow failure syndrome 4 family survey and literature review]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2021; 42:129-134. [PMID: 33858043 PMCID: PMC8071664 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
目的 报道1例MYSM1基因复合杂合变异致骨髓衰竭综合征4型患儿临床表现及全外显子检测结果,同时报道其家系全外显子检测结果,为早期诊断此类骨髓衰竭综合征提供典型案例。 方法 报道1例1月龄骨髓衰竭综合征4型患儿临床诊断过程,并对患儿及其家系成员外周血DNA进行全外显子测序,使用BWA、GATK等软件对测序结果进行注释分析。 结果 本例1月龄骨髓衰竭综合征4型患儿,表现为全血细胞减少、多指畸形,影像学示非特异性脑白质改变及囊肿,淋巴细胞亚群分类示CD3−CD19+ B细胞降低。通过家系全外显子测序检测,鉴定患儿携带分别遗传自父母的MYSM1基因复合杂合性变异NM_001085487.2:c.1607_c.1611delAAGAG和c.1432C>T。家系验证证实先证者父亲携带的c.1432C>T突变来源于先证者祖父,先证者母亲携带的c.1607_c.1611delAAGAG突变来自于先证者外祖父,其他家系成员均不携带突变。 结论 本研究新发现MYSM1致病性变异c.1607_c.1611delAAGAG,国内外尚未见报道。本例为BMFS4的早期诊断提供了典型案例,并扩展了MYSM1基因致病性变异谱和表型谱。
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Affiliation(s)
- J Huang
- Department of Hematology, Maternal and Child Hospital of Tongji Medical College of HUST, Maternal and Child Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - X Y Zhan
- Department of Hematology, Maternal and Child Hospital of Tongji Medical College of HUST, Maternal and Child Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - A L Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Maternal and Child Hospital of Tongji Medical College of HUST, Maternal and Child Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - B Wu
- Department of Hematology, Maternal and Child Hospital of Tongji Medical College of HUST, Maternal and Child Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Y Yang
- Department of Hematology, Maternal and Child Hospital of Tongji Medical College of HUST, Maternal and Child Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - P Tan
- Department of Hematology, Maternal and Child Hospital of Tongji Medical College of HUST, Maternal and Child Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - L J Wan
- Department of Hematology, Maternal and Child Hospital of Tongji Medical College of HUST, Maternal and Child Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Y H Lu
- Department of Hematology, Maternal and Child Hospital of Tongji Medical College of HUST, Maternal and Child Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, China
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16
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He N, Lu YH, Li LM, Shen HB, Yang WZ, Feng ZJ. [Epidemiological study design of asymptomatic infection of the 2019 novel coronavirus]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:1577-1581. [PMID: 32736419 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200723-00975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 is caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). COVID-19 clinical cases are considered as the principal source of infection, however, asymptomatic cases may also play a role in the transmission. Significant gap exists in terms of the proportion or prevalence and transmissibility of asymptomatic cases. This study design plans to use data from areas with different epidemiological profiles to investigate the COVID-19 epidemic in China. In each selected region, both general community residents and key populations at high risk of COVID-19 infection, including recovered COVID-19 cases, close contacts of confirmed COVID-19 cases, medical professionals, investigators at CDCs, and visitors to fever clinics, will be recruited and examined for viral RNA of 2019-nCoV and serum antibodies. Prevalence and characterization of asymptomatic cases will be determined, stratified by varied demographics and exposure risk. During the follow-up, the change in the serum antibodies will be studied prospectively in the symptomatic and asymptomatic cases to address the scientific and public health concerns of infectivity and transmissibility of 2019-nCoV.
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Affiliation(s)
- N He
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y H Lu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - L M Li
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - H B Shen
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - W Z Yang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Z J Feng
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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17
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Wang L, Lu YH, Wang TY. [Value of ultrasound-targeted vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 in non-invasive monitoring of anti-angiogenic response in nude mice with subcutaneous xenograft model]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2020; 42:856-860. [PMID: 33113627 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20191230-00854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) in non-invasive monitoring of anti-angiogenesis response in subcutaneous transplantation tumor model of hepatocellular carcinoma in nude mice. Methods: Sixteen nude mice were randomly divided into control group and bevacizumab treatment group (treatment group). Two weeks later, the model of subcutaneous transplanted tumor was established. The mice in the treatment group were intratumorally injected with 0.2 mg bevacizumab, while the control group was given the same amount of saline, three times a week for 2 weeks. Ultrasound microbubbles targeting VEGFR-2 were prepared by biotin avidin method. Ultrasound examinations were performed before treatment, 7 days and 14 days after treatment, and the time intensity curve (TIC) was drawn to quantitatively analyze the differences of parameters with treatment time. The expression of CD31 in tumor tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: After 14 days of treatment, the volume of tumor tissue in the treatment group and the control group were (0.247±0.019) mm(3) and (0.307±0.031) mm(3,) respectively, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). After 7 days of treatment, the rise slope (K(1)), time to peak (TTP) and peak intensity (PI) of TIC curve in the treatment group were 3.77±0.62, (3.82±0.21) s and (24.35±3.34) dB, respectively, which were significantly different from 2.93±0.31, (4.47±0.50) s and (30.10±2.35) dB in the control group, respectively (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed that the PI of contrast enhanced ultrasound was positively correlated with microvessel density (r(2)=0.898, P=0.017). Conclusions: The therapeutic effect of bevacizumab on tumor angiogenesis evaluated by contrast-enhanced ultrasound targeting VEGFR-2 is related to the differences of parameters such as K(1), TTP and PI of TIC index. Contrast enhanced ultrasound targeting VEGFR-2 is of great value in non-invasive monitoring of subcutaneous transplanted tumor model of hepatocellular carcinoma in nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian 463000, China
| | - Y H Lu
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian 463000, China
| | - T Y Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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18
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Li BZ, Li MS, Huang JY, Chen YY, Lu YH. [Expanding the pandemic influenza preparedness framework to the epidemic of COVID-19]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 54:597-601. [PMID: 32842276 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200316-00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
On March 11, 2020, WHO officially declared that COVID-19 had become Pandemic. As of March 31, the epidemic had affected more than 178 countries and regions, with more than 780 000 confirmed cases. The Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Framework for the sharing of influenza viruses and access to vaccines and other benefits (the 'PIP Framework' or 'Framework') is an international arrangement adopted by the World Health Organization in May 2011 to improve global pandemic influenza preparedness and response. Since the transmission route and transmission capacity of COVID-19 are similar to that of influenza A (H1N1) in 2009, which conforms to the basic elements of "human pandemic", and the epidemic scale has exceeded that of influenza A (H1N1), it is probable to incorporate COVID-19 epidemic response into PIPF, and at the same time to verify and improve PIPF in practice. It is recommended that WHO, other international organizations and relevant countries make full use of the PIPF system to respond to the epidemic and better coordinate national actions at the global level. At the same time, China should also make the planning and deploy of domestic epidemic prevention and control and international epidemic cooperation under the framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Z Li
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - M S Li
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J Y Huang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University)/Fudan Global Health Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y Y Chen
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University)/Fudan Global Health Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y H Lu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health and Safety (Fudan University) /Fudan Global Health Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
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Hedbacker K, Lu YH, Dallner O, Li Z, Fayzikhodjaeva G, Birsoy K, Han C, Yang C, Friedman JM. Limitation of adipose tissue by the number of embryonic progenitor cells. eLife 2020; 9:e53074. [PMID: 32452759 PMCID: PMC7253174 DOI: 10.7554/elife.53074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipogenesis in adulthood replaces fat cells that turn over and can contribute to the development of obesity. However, the proliferative potential of adipocyte progenitors in vivo is unknown (Faust et al., 1976; Faust et al., 1977; Hirsch and Han, 1969; Johnson and Hirsch, 1972). We addressed this by injecting labeled wild-type embryonic stem cells into blastocysts derived from lipodystrophic A-ZIP transgenic mice, which have a genetic block in adipogenesis. In the resulting chimeric animals, wild-type ES cells are the only source of mature adipocytes. We found that when chimeric animals were fed a high-fat-diet, animals with low levels of chimerism showed a significantly lower adipose tissue mass than animals with high levels of chimerism. The difference in adipose tissue mass was attributed to variability in the amount of subcutaneous adipose tissue as the amount of visceral fat was independent of the level of chimerism. Our findings thus suggest that proliferative potential of adipocyte precursors is limited and can restrain the development of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Hedbacker
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Yi-Hsueh Lu
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Olof Dallner
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Zhiying Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Gulya Fayzikhodjaeva
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Kıvanç Birsoy
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Genetics, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Chiayun Han
- Gene Targeting Resource Center, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Chingwen Yang
- Gene Targeting Resource Center, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Jeffrey M Friedman
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
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20
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He Y, Lu YH, Huang XY, Xiao WJ, Tao FF, Wu HY, Luo CY, Yuan ZA. [Epidemiological analysis on bud-events of Norovirus-associated infectious diarrhea in Shanghai, 2018]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:547-551. [PMID: 32344480 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20190613-00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics related to Norovirus-associated infectious diarrhea bud events in Shanghai, and to discuss the value of bud events surveillance, so as to help Norovirus-associated infectious diarrhea control, prevention and to improve the surveillance system on bud events. Methods: Data related to 142 Norovirus-associated infectious diarrhea bud events were gathered from 16 districts of Shanghai areas in 2018 and were analyzed. Results: There were 2 peaks, April and November for 142 Norovirus-associated infectious diarrhea bud events reported in 2018. 98.59% (140/142) of the bud events occurred in schools and kindergartens. 80.28% (114/142) of the bud events would involve 6-19 cases per each event. The median time duration between the onset date of the first case and the reporting date of the event was 2 days and the median event duration was 7 days. The bud event scale and regional incidence of bud events as well as the reporting timelines were influential factors on the duration of the bud events. Conclusions: Two peaks, spring and winter bud events of the Norovirus-associated infectious diarrhea were seen in Shanghai in 2018. Schools and kindergartens were to be prioritized locations for control and prevention of Norovirus-associated infectious diarrhea bud events. Surveillance system was proved to have contributed to the early detection, reporting and control of bud events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y He
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Y H Lu
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - X Y Huang
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - W J Xiao
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - F F Tao
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - H Y Wu
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - C Y Luo
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Z A Yuan
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
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21
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Wu WW, Lu YH, Cheng D, Wu SF. [Advances in the research of pain assessment and non-drug intervention in burn children]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2020; 36:76-80. [PMID: 32023724 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1009-2587.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Children are a high-risk group of burn, and burn pain is a special type of pain. Because children of different ages have different cognitive ability and behavioral response to pain, thus it is particularly difficult to effectively evaluate the pain. It is very important for medical staff to understand the pain of children, to define the adverse reactions of pain, to evaluate and take appropriate pain intervention measures in time and effectively. In this paper, different evaluation methods of burn pain in children and non-drug intervention related measures were reviewed in order to provide references for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- W W Wu
- Department of Burn Surgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Y H Lu
- The Second Operating Department, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - D Cheng
- Department of Burn Surgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - S F Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
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22
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Wang BH, Lu YH, Xia W, Wu LF, Mo XB, Lu X, He P, Lei SF. Distribution of single nucleotide polymorphism with a loss of heterozygosity status and its relevance on gene expression in Chinese Han. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2019; 33:1119-1124. [PMID: 31339021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B H Wang
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Y H Lu
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - W Xia
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - L F Wu
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - X B Mo
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - X Lu
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - P He
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - S F Lei
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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Dallner OS, Marinis JM, Lu YH, Birsoy K, Werner E, Fayzikhodjaeva G, Dill BD, Molina H, Moscati A, Kutalik Z, Marques-Vidal P, Kilpeläinen TO, Grarup N, Linneberg A, Zhang Y, Vaughan R, Loos RJF, Lazar MA, Friedman JM. Dysregulation of a long noncoding RNA reduces leptin leading to a leptin-responsive form of obesity. Nat Med 2019; 25:507-516. [PMID: 30842678 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0370-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative changes in leptin concentration lead to alterations in food intake and body weight, but the regulatory mechanisms that control leptin gene expression are poorly understood. Here we report that fat-specific and quantitative leptin expression is controlled by redundant cis elements and trans factors interacting with the proximal promoter together with a long noncoding RNA (lncOb). Diet-induced obese mice lacking lncOb show increased fat mass with reduced plasma leptin levels and lose weight after leptin treatment, whereas control mice do not. Consistent with this finding, large-scale genetic studies of humans reveal a significant association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the region of human lncOb with lower plasma leptin levels and obesity. These results show that reduced leptin gene expression can lead to a hypoleptinemic, leptin-responsive form of obesity and provide a framework for elucidating the pathogenic mechanism in the subset of obese patients with low endogenous leptin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olof S Dallner
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jill M Marinis
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yi-Hsueh Lu
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kivanc Birsoy
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emory Werner
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Brian D Dill
- Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Henrik Molina
- Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arden Moscati
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tuomas O Kilpeläinen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Centre for Clinical Research and Prevention, Frederiksberg-Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yinxin Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roger Vaughan
- Department of Biostatistics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,The Mindich Childhood and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mitchell A Lazar
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Friedman
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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24
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Yu CH, Lu YH, Lu JH. Cardiac amyloidosis. QJM 2019; 112:131-132. [PMID: 30476292 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcy269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C H Yu
- From the Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Tongxiang, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Y H Lu
- Department of Ultrasound, The First People's Hospital of Tongxiang, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - J H Lu
- From the Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Tongxiang, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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25
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Wang W, Chen WL, Jia CQ, Wu XL, Shen HJ, Chen S, Song XD, Lu YH. [Evaluation of the right ventricular function in patients with pneumoconiosis by echocardiography]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2018; 36:224-226. [PMID: 29996232 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2018.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate right ventricular function in patients with pneumoconiosis, and to provide a basis for quantitative diagnosis and treatment of pneumoconiosis in clinical practice. Methods: A total of 43 patients with pneumoconiosis who were hospitalized consecutively in Shijiazhuang Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases from May 2015 to May 2016 were enrolled, and according to the stage of pneumoconiosis, they were divided into stage I group with 16 patients, stage II group with 14 patients, and stage III group with 13 patients. A total of 16 healthy subjects were enrolled as control group. Echocardiography was performed and the relevant parameters were recorded, i.e., right ventricular transverse diameter (RVTD), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), and right ventricular myocardial performance index(Tei index). Results: There were significant differences in Tei index and TAPSE between all groups (P <0.05) except between the stage I group and the control group in terms of Tei index (P>0.05) and between the stage I group and the stage II group in terms of TAPSE (P>0.05). Right ventricular Tei index was negatively correlated with TAPSE (r=-0.547,P<0.05). Conclusion: A combination of right ventricular Tei index and TAPSE can be used for early quantitative evaluation of right ventricular function in patients with pneumoconiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wang
- Shijiazhuang Prevention and Treatment Center of Occupation Diseases, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
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26
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Chen XX, Shi Y, Lu YH, Chen YH, Chen KY, Ren H. [Spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of hepatitis E in Shanghai, 2006-2016]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2018; 39:971-976. [PMID: 30060314 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the epidemiologic characteristics and spatial-temporal distribution of hepatitis E in Shanghai between 2006 and 2016. Methods: The reported incidence of hepatitis E and health facilities' information between 2006 and 2016 were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. The geographic information were from Shanghai Surveying and Mapping Institute. The map scale was 1∶750 000. Global and local autocorrelation, and spatial-temporal detection methods were applied to determine the spatial-temporal characteristics of hepatitis E. Software ArcGIS 10.1 was used to analyze global and local spatial auto correlation of hepatitis E spatial clusters. Software SaTScan 9.4.4 was used to conduct scan for exploring the areas of hepatitis E temporal spatial clusters. Results: A total of 6 048 cases of hepatitis E were reported in Shanghai during 2006-2016. The average incidence was 2.14/100 000. Spatial auto correlation analysis indicated that there was significant spatial positive correlations and spatial-temporal clustering of hepatitis E in Shanghai, and the "high-high cluster" was mainly located in the downtown of the city. Conclusion: Understanding the spatial-temporal clustering areas of hepatitis E cases in Shanghai from 2006 to 2016 is important to the reasonable allocation of public health resources and effective prevention and control of hepatitis E.
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Affiliation(s)
- X X Chen
- Key Laboratory for Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y Shi
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Y H Lu
- Key Laboratory for Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y H Chen
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - K Y Chen
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - H Ren
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
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27
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Yao Q, Shen DW, Wen CHP, Hua CQ, Zhang LQ, Wang NZ, Niu XH, Chen QY, Dudin P, Lu YH, Zheng Y, Chen XH, Wan XG, Feng DL. Charge Transfer Effects in Naturally Occurring van der Waals Heterostructures (PbSe)_{1.16}(TiSe_{2})_{m} (m=1, 2). Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:106401. [PMID: 29570327 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.106401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
van der Waals heterostructures (VDWHs) exhibit rich properties and thus has potential for applications, and charge transfer between different layers in a heterostructure often dominates its properties and device performance. It is thus critical to reveal and understand the charge transfer effects in VDWHs, for which electronic structure measurements have proven to be effective. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we studied the electronic structures of (PbSe)_{1.16}(TiSe_{2})_{m} (m=1, 2), which are naturally occurring VDWHs, and discovered several striking charge transfer effects. When the thickness of the TiSe_{2} layers is halved from m=2 to m=1, the amount of charge transferred increases unexpectedly by more than 250%. This is accompanied by a dramatic drop in the electron-phonon interaction strength far beyond the prediction by first-principles calculations and, consequently, superconductivity only exists in the m=2 compound with strong electron-phonon interaction, albeit with lower carrier density. Furthermore, we found that the amount of charge transferred in both compounds is nearly halved when warmed from below 10 K to room temperature, due to the different thermal expansion coefficients of the constituent layers of these misfit compounds. These unprecedentedly large charge transfer effects might widely exist in VDWHs composed of metal-semiconductor contacts; thus, our results provide important insights for further understanding and applications of VDWHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - D W Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Shanghai 200050, China
| | - C H P Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - C Q Hua
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - L Q Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - N Z Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Physics and Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - X H Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Q Y Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - P Dudin
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Y H Lu
- State Key Lab of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Y Zheng
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - X H Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Physics and Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - X G Wan
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - D L Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
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28
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Wang Y, Wu HY, Zhao XC, Zhu WP, Wan Q, Lu YH, Jiang QW. [Evolutionary characteristics and positive selection site of hepatitis C virus isolated in intravenous drug users in Pudong new district, Shanghai]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2017; 38:378-383. [PMID: 28329944 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the genotypes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) circulating in intravenous drug users (IDUs) in Pudong new district, Shanghai, and explore the population growth and selection pressure of the HCV strains isolated. Methods: A total of 200 serum specimens sampled from IDUs in local methadone maintenance treatment clinic in Pudong were used for amplification of a HCV NS5B 377-nt partial sequence. Mean evolutionary rate and effective number of infections were estimated based on the 377-nt partial sequences of the HCV strains isolated from IDUs and isolated contemporarily from local voluntary blood donors, men who have sex with men and reported hepatitis C cases by using BEAST software. Selection pressure sites were identified with online Datamonkey software for subsequent comparison with direct-acting antiviral (DAA) drug binding sites. Results: A total of 39 (19.5%) serum specimens were positive for HCV RNA. The genotypes were determined based on the HCV NS5B 377-nt partial sequences as follows: subtype 3a (n=14), 3b (n=13), 1b (n=7), 6a (n=4) and 6n (n=1). The partial sequences of the HCV strains isolated in IDUs shared high homology with the sequences of the HCV strains isolated in other populations. The Bayesian Skyline Plot indicated that the estimated infections with HCV subtype 1b increased exponentially during the 1990s, whereas that of subtypes 3a and 3b increased slowly since the mid-1990s. In the NS5B 377-nt partial sequences of the HCV strains isolated in IDUs, there were two positive selection sites and seventy-eight negative selection sites recognized. The mutation rate was as low as 2.2% in the 377-nt partial sequences corresponding to the known seven DAA drug binding sites. Conclusions: HCV subtype 3a and 3b were the predominant genotypes in the IDUs in Pudong. Subtype 1b was prevalent in different populations and evolved very rapidly, and more infections might be caused, suggesting further attention to its prevention, control and treatment. Although DAA treatment based on HCV NS5B binding sites targeting local IDUs might be effective, it is still necessary to strengthen the surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - H Y Wu
- Shanghai Pudong New District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200120, China; Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - X C Zhao
- Shanghai Pudong New District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200120, China; Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - W P Zhu
- Shanghai Pudong New District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200120, China; Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Q Wan
- Shanghai Pudong New District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200120, China; Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Y H Lu
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Q W Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Cheng WB, Xu HF, Zhong F, Cai YS, Chen XB, Meng G, Lu YH, Han ZG, Fan LR, Zhao YT, Chen X, Liang CY, Wu H, Gao K, Mai HX, Tang C. [Application of " Internet Plus" AIDS prevention services among men who have sex with men in Guangzhou, China: results from 2010 to 2015]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 50:853-857. [PMID: 27686761 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To introduce the development strategy of " Internet Plus" AIDS prevention services and its implementation results from 2010 to 2015 in Guangzhou, China. Methods: A gay men's health column was created for an active website aimed at men who have sex with men(MSM), in collaboration with local community organizations and the Guangzhou CDC. We designed intervention tools(including scenario-based applications and HIV risk self-assessment systems)and an online HIV testing service platform, integrated with applied psychology and behavioral theory as well as the " Internet Plus" concept, to intervene in HIV infection risk factors among MSM. Data of clients who accessed the " Internet Plus" AIDS services from 2010 to 2015 were used to evaluate service operation. Six-year consecutive surveys, conducted between April and July of each service year, were collected using a national AIDS sentinel surveillance questionnaire. For each year of surveillance, information on HIV prevalence, HIV interventions received during the past year, unprotected anal intercourse in the past 6 months, and HIV testing in the past year were compared using the chi-squared(χ2)test, to roughly reflect the effect of"Internet Plus" AIDS prevention services. Results: As of 31 December 2015, a total of 34 395 MSM had received " Internet Plus" services and HIV testing. The number of MSM tested increased from 2 338 in 2010 to 8 054 in 2015. From 2010 to 2015, newly identified HIV cases in each year were 59, 166, 312, 283, 291, and 270, which accounted for 25.0%, 32.8%, 38.8%, 35.1%, 30.5%, and 23.2% of MSM HIV cases of Guangzhou, respectively. Sentinel surveillance data showed that during the study period, 3 047 MSM were investigated, with 405, 400, 401, 633, 608, and 600 each year, respectively. The proportion of participants who had received any HIV intervention during the past year was 74.3%(301), 70.8%(283), 83.3%(334), 85.0%(538), 69.1%(420), and 83.8%(503)each year, respectively(trend χ2=6.53, P=0.011). HIV testing done during the past year accounted for 44.0%(178), 44.3%(177), 49.4%(198), 53.4%(338), 56.1%(341), and 60.2%(361)each year, respectively(trend χ2=40.83, P<0.001). Unprotected anal intercourse in the past 6 months accounted for 59.3%(240), 62.0%(248), 56.6%(227), 57.0%(361), 48.4%(294), and 43.7%(262)each year, respectively(trend χ2=42.21, P<0.001). Conclusion: The"Internet Plus"AIDS prevention services in this study represent a manner to enhance traditional HIV prevention strategies. We found these services to be effective in implementation of the national AIDS control and prevention strategy, especially for the expansion of intervention, testing, and case identification among high-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- W B Cheng
- Department of AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
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Zhang WN, Ma L, Wang BJ, Chen L, Khaing MM, Lu YH, Liang GM, Guo YY. Reproductive Cost Associated With Juvenile Hormone in Bt-Resistant Strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J Econ Entomol 2016; 109:2534-2542. [PMID: 27986942 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tow233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crops are increasingly significant in pest control, but resistance development of target pests is a major issue in the sustainable deployment of Bt crops. The fitness cost of resistance in target pests is regarded as one of the main factors delaying resistance when adopting the refuge strategy. In this study, we compared the life-history traits of three independent sets of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner, 1809) adults, of each there were a susceptible population and a Cry1Ac-resistant population derived by selection from it. Confirming to the previous studies, resistant individuals exhibited fewer progeny, less fecundity, lower egg hatching rate, and longer adult longevity. And poor fecundity in resistant strains was associated with the decline of the mature follicular amount, the ovarian weight ratio, and the length of the longest ovarian tubule. Interestingly, the juvenile hormone (JH) level appeared higher in resistant strains relative to susceptible strains. Application of methoprene (JH analogue) in vivo was effective in reducing fecundity and hatchability with the up-regulation of detected JH titer. These results suggested that resistance against Bt toxin reduced the reproductive capacity of H. armigera, and JH level is affected in the tradeoff between reproductive capacity and Bt resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- W N Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - L Ma
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - B J Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - L Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - M M Khaing
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Y H Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - G M Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China (; ; ; ; ; ; )
| | - Y Y Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China (; ; ; ; ; ; )
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31
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Zhang LL, Lu YH, Cheng XL, Liu MY, Sun BR, Li CL. [A survey of correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and dyslipidemia rlsk among middle-aged individuals in Beijing]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2016; 55:599-603. [PMID: 27480552 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1426.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate vitamin D status in middle-aged subjects in Beijing and explore the correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D] levels and dyslipidemia. METHODS A total of 448 individuals over 40 years old were enrolled in the cross-sectional survey. The general information, blood biochemical and lipid profiles and serum 25(OH)D levels were collected. The subjects were either divided into two groups (the dyslipidemia group and the non-dyslipidemia group) based on the lipid levels, or four groups according to quartiles of 25(OH)D levels. The association between 25(OH)D levels and dyslipidemia risk was analyzed by a logistic regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 234 cases were in dyslipidemia group, which accounted for 52.23% of the subjects. The serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in the dyslipidemia group than in the non-dyslipidemia group both in men and in women (all P<0.05). The median serum 25(OH)D level in the total subjects was 15.7 (12.2, 20.1)μg/L with 91.1% subjects of serum 25(OH)D level<30 μg/L. The proportion of subjects with dyslipidemia (high TC, high TG, high LDL-C, or low HDL-C) increased with the decrease of 25(OH)D level quartiles (P<0.05). After adjustment of confounding factors, the logistic regression analysis showed that subjects in the lowest 25(OH) D quartile group had 143% higher risks for dyslipidemia than those in the highest quartile group. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that 25(OH)D insufficiency is highly prevalent among middle-aged individuals and it may be associated with the risk of dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100853, China
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Zeng W, Pirzgalska R, Pereira M, Kubasova N, Barateiro A, Seixas E, Lu YH, Kozlova A, Voss H, Martins G, Friedman J, Domingos A. Sympathetic Neuro-adipose Connections Mediate Leptin-Driven Lipolysis. Cell 2015; 163:84-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Lu YH, Dallner OS, Birsoy K, Fayzikhodjaeva G, Friedman JM. Nuclear Factor-Y is an adipogenic factor that regulates leptin gene expression. Mol Metab 2015; 4:392-405. [PMID: 25973387 PMCID: PMC4420997 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Leptin gene expression is highly correlated with cellular lipid content in adipocytes but the transcriptional mechanisms controlling leptin expression in vivo are poorly understood. In this report, we set out to identify cis- and trans-regulatory elements controlling leptin expression. Methods Leptin-BAC luciferase transgenic mice combining with other computational and molecular techniques were used to identify transcription regulatory elements including a CCAAT-binding protein Nuclear Factor Y (NF-Y). The function of NF-Y in adipocyte was studied in vitro with 3T3-L1 cells and in vivo with adipocyte-specific knockout of NF-Y. Results Using Leptin-BAC luciferase mice, we showed that DNA sequences between −22 kb and +8.8 kb can confer quantitative expression of a leptin reporter. Computational analysis of sequences and gel shift assays identified a 32 bp sequence (chr6: 28993820–2899385) consisting a CCAAT binding site for Nuclear Factor Y (NF-Y) and this was confirmed by a ChIP assay in vivo. A deletion of this 32 bp sequence in the −22 kb to +8.8 kb leptin-luciferase BAC reporter completely abrogates luciferase reporter activity in vivo. RNAi mediated knockdown of NF-Y interfered with adipogenesis in vitro and adipocyte-specific knockout of NF-Y in mice reduced expression of leptin and other fat specific genes in vivo. Further analyses of the fat specific NF-Y knockout revealed that these animals develop a moderately severe lipodystrophy that is remediable with leptin therapy. Conclusions These studies advance our understanding of leptin gene expression and show that NF-Y controls the expression of leptin and other adipocyte genes and identifies a new form of lipodystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsueh Lu
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Olof Stefan Dallner
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kivanc Birsoy
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Gulya Fayzikhodjaeva
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Friedman
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Qian F, Ye CL, Wei DZ, Lu YH, Yang SL. In VitroandIn VivoReversal of Cancer Cell Multidrug Resistance by 2',4'-Dihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3',5'- dimethylchalcone. J Chemother 2013; 17:309-14. [PMID: 16038525 DOI: 10.1179/joc.2005.17.3.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
2',4'-Dihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3',5'-dimethylchalcone (DMC) isolated from the buds of Cleistocalyx operculatus, was investigated for its reversal effects on cancer cell multidrug resistance. DMC potentiated the cytotoxicity of the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin to drug-resistant KB-A1 cells. When 5 microM DMC was present simultaneously with doxorubicin, the IC50 of DOX on KB-A1 cells decreased from 13.9 +/- 0.7 microg/ml to 3.6 +/- 0.7 microg/ml. A human carcinoma xenograft model was established with the KB-A1 cell line. DMC could sensitize the tumors to doxorubicin as indicated by a considerable reduction in tumor weight. DMC increased the intracellular accumulation of doxorubicin in KB-A1 cells. When KB-A1 cells were exposed to 10 microg/ml doxorubicin combined with 5, 10, 20 microM DMC for 4 hours, the intracellular concentrations of doxorubicin were increased 1.4-, 1.8-, 3.1-fold, respectively, in comparison with doxorubicin alone treatment. All results indicated that DMC had reversal effects on the multidrug resistance phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
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Zheng HY, Jin XR, Park JW, Lu YH, Rhee JY, Jang WH, Cheong H, Lee YP. Tunable dual-band perfect absorbers based on extraordinary optical transmission and Fabry-Perot cavity resonance. Opt Express 2012; 20:24002-24009. [PMID: 23188367 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.024002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance is considered to be a necessary condition for metamaterial perfect absorbers, and dual-band absorbers can be composed of a pair of metallic layers with anti-parallel surface currents. We designed and fabricated a tunable dual-band perfect absorber based on extraordinary-optical-transmission (EOT) effect and Fabry-Perot cavity resonance. The idea and the mechanism are completely different from the absorber based on the near-field interaction. The important advantage of our structure is that we can switch a single-band absorber to a dual-band absorber by changing the distance between two metallic layers and/or incident angle. The peak originating from the EOT effect becomes significantly narrower, resulting in an increase of the Q-factor from 16.88 to 49. The dual-band absorber can be optimized to be insensitive to the polarization of the incident electromagnetic wave by slightly modifying the absorber structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Zheng
- Department of Physics and Quantum Photonic Science Research Center, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea
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36
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D'Hont A, Lu YH, León DG, Grivet L, Feldmann P, Lanaud C, Glaszmann JC. A molecular approach to unraveling the genetics of sugarcane, a complex polyploid of the Andropogoneae tribe. Genome 2012; 37:222-30. [PMID: 18470072 DOI: 10.1139/g94-031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Modern sugarcane varieties are complex aneuploids and typically have chromosome numbers in the 100-125 range with about 5-10% of them contributed by wild relatives, mainly Saccharum spontaneum, and the rest by S. officinarum. This particular genomic constitution was found favorable for mapping the S. spontaneum genome, using maize as a diploid reference for comparison. We conducted an analysis of 32 individuals derived from the selfing of variety SP 701006 using four isozymes and 53 maize probes which covered the whole maize genome. A total of 348 segregating bands were generated. Highly significant cosegregations enabled us to place 94 markers into 25 cosegregation groups. Eighteen of these groups involved S. spontaneum specific markers and might therefore mark S. spontaneum chromosomes in segregation. On the basis of probes in common, the 25 cosegregation groups could be assembled into eight tentative linkage groups, of which seven describe S. spontaneum chromosomes. A large degree of synteny between sugarcane and maize could be inferred, with a much lower rate of recombination in sugarcane.
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Nelson JC, Deynze AE, Sorrells ME, Autrique E, Lu YH, Negre S, Bernard M, Leroy P. Molecular mapping of wheat. Homoeologous group 3. Genome 2012; 38:525-33. [PMID: 18470186 DOI: 10.1139/g95-068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A prerequisite for molecular level genetic studies and breeding in wheat is a molecular marker map detailing its similarities with those of other grass species in the Gramineae family. We have constructed restriction fragment length polymorphism maps of the A-, B-, and D-genome chromosomes of homoeologous group 3 of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) using 114 F7-8 lines from a synthetic x bread wheat cross. The map consists of 58 markers spanning 230 cM on chromosome 3A, 62 markers spanning 260 cM on 3B, and 40 markers spanning 171 cM on 3D. Thirteen libraries of genomic or cDNA clones from wheat, barley, and T. tauschii, the wheat D genome donor, are represented, facilitating the alignment and comparison of these maps with maps of other grass species. Twenty-four clones reveal homoeoloci on two of the three genomes and the associated linkages are largely comparable across genomes. A consensus sequence of orthologous loci in grass species genomes is assembled from this map and from existing maps of the chromosome-3 homoeologs in barley (Hordeum spp.), T. tauschii, and rice (Oryza spp.). It illustrates the close homoeology among the four species and the partial homoeology of wheat chromosome 3 with oat (Avena spp.) chromosome C. Two orthologous red grain color genes, R3 and R1, are mapped on chromosome arms 3BL and 3DL.
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Nelson JC, Deynze AE, Sorrells ME, Autrique E, Lu YH, Merlino M, Atkinson M, Leroy P. Molecular mapping of wheat. Homoeologous group 2. Genome 2012; 38:516-24. [PMID: 18470185 DOI: 10.1139/g95-067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A molecular-marker map of bread wheat having many markers in common with other grasses in the Gramineae family is a prerequisite for molecular level genetic studies and breeding in this crop species. We have constructed restriction fragment length polymorphism maps of the A-, B-, and D-genome chromosomes of homoeologous group 2 of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) using 114 F7 lines from a synthetic x bread wheat cross and clones from 11 libraries. Chromosomes 2A, 2B, and 2D comprise 57, 60, and 56 markers and each spans about 200 cM. Comparisons between chromosomes are facilitated by 26 sets of homoeoloci. Genes mapped include a heterologous abscisic acid responsive locus cloned as pBS128, the epidermal waxiness inhibitor W21, and two presumed leaf rust and stem rust resistance genes. Anomalies suggesting ancestral rearrangements in chromosome 2B are pointed out and features of wheat group 2 chromosomes that are common to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), rice (Oryza spp.), and T. tauschii are discussed.
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Marino CL, Tuleen NA, Hart GE, Nelson JC, Sorrells ME, Lu YH, Leroy P, Lopes CR. Molecular genetic maps of the group 6 chromosomes of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.). Genome 2012; 39:359-66. [PMID: 18469899 DOI: 10.1139/g96-046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) maps of chromosomes 6A, 6B, and 6D of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) have been produced. They were constructed using a population of F7-8 recombinant inbred lines derived from a synthetic wheat x bread wheat cross. The maps consist of 74 markers assigned to map positions at a LOD >= 3 (29 markers assigned to 6A, 24 to 6B, and 21 to 6D) and 2 markers assigned to 6D ordered at a LOD of 2.7. Another 78 markers were assigned to intervals on the maps. The maps of 6A, 6B, and 6D span 178, 132, and 206 cM, respectively. Twenty-one clones detected orthologous loci in two homoeologues and 3 detected an orthologous locus in each chromosome. Orthologous loci are located at intervals of from 1.5 to 26 cM throughout 70% of the length of the linkage maps. Within this portion of the maps, colinearity (homosequentiality) among the three homoeologues is strongly indicated. The remainder of the linkage maps consists of three segments ranging in length from 47 to 60 cM. Colinearity among these chromosomes and other Triticeae homoeologous group 6 chromosomes is indicated and a consensus RFLP map derived from maps of the homoeologous group 6 chromosomes of hexaploid wheat, tetraploid wheat, Triticum tauschii, and barley is presented. Key words : RFLP, wheat, linkage maps, molecular markers.
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Herng TS, Kumar A, Ong CS, Feng YP, Lu YH, Zeng KY, Ding J. Investigation of the non-volatile resistance change in noncentrosymmetric compounds. Sci Rep 2012; 2:587. [PMID: 22905318 PMCID: PMC3421435 DOI: 10.1038/srep00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Coexistence of polarization and resistance-switching characteristics in single compounds has been long inspired scientific and technological interests. Here, we report the non-volatile resistance change in noncentrosymmetric compounds investigated by using defect nanotechnology and contact engineering. Using a noncentrosymmetric material of ZnO as example, we first transformed ZnO into high resistance state. Then ZnO electrical polarization was probed and its domains polarized 180° along the [001]-axis with long-lasting memory effect (>25 hours). Based on our experimental observations, we have developed a vacancy-mediated pseudoferroelectricity model. Our first-principle calculations propose that vacancy defects initiate a spontaneous inverted domains nucleation at grain boundaries, and then they grow in the presence of an electrical field. The propagation of inverted domains follows the scanning tip motion under applied electrical field, leading to the growth of polarized domains over large areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Herng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
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Abstract
Systematic study of interaction between graphene and hydroxyls is carried out by first-principles calculations. Although single hydroxyl adsorbed on graphene presents magnetic properties, hydroxyls prefer to adsorb on graphene in pairs without magnetic properties. The formation energy of hydroxyl pairs with graphene is coverage-dependent, and the most stable structure is half-covered by hydroxyl pairs along zigzag chains with alternative sp2 and sp3 hybridization between carbon atoms. The bandgap of this structure is 0.97 eV in GW approximation, close to the bandgap of Si, and this structure is stable at room temperature. It is possible to build graphene-based electronic circuits from graphene hydroxide without the need for cutting or etching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Zhu
- International Center for New-Structured Materials (ICNSM) and Laboratory of New-Structured Materials (LNSM), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Y H Lu
- International Center for New-Structured Materials (ICNSM) and Laboratory of New-Structured Materials (LNSM), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - J Z Jiang
- International Center for New-Structured Materials (ICNSM) and Laboratory of New-Structured Materials (LNSM), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
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Lu YH, Guan Z, Zhao J, Raetz CRH. Three phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate phosphatases in the inner membrane of Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:5506-18. [PMID: 21148555 PMCID: PMC3037664 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.199265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2010] [Revised: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The phospholipids of Escherichia coli consist mainly of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin. PG makes up ∼25% of the cellular phospholipid and is essential for growth in wild-type cells. PG is synthesized on the inner surface of the inner membrane from cytidine diphosphate-diacylglycerol and glycerol 3-phosphate, generating the precursor phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate (PGP). This compound is present at low levels (∼0.1% of the total lipid). Dephosphorylation of PGP to PG is catalyzed by several PGP-phosphatases. The pgpA and pgpB genes, which encode structurally distinct PGP-phosphatases, were identified previously. Double deletion mutants lacking pgpA and pgpB are viable and still make PG, suggesting the presence of additional phosphatase(s). We have identified a third PGP-phosphatase gene (previously annotated as yfhB but renamed pgpC) using an expression cloning strategy. A mutant with deletions in all three phosphatase genes is not viable unless covered by a plasmid expressing either pgpA, pgpB, or pgpC. When the triple mutant is covered with the temperature-sensitive plasmid pMAK705 expressing any one of the three pgp genes, the cells grow at 30 but not 42 °C. As growth slows at 42 °C, PGP accumulates to high levels, and the PG content declines. PgpC orthologs are present in many other bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsueh Lu
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Ziqiang Guan
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Jinshi Zhao
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Christian R. H. Raetz
- From the Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
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Abstract
In this work we have replaced a commonly used Au film with an Au/Ag bimetallic film working as the sensing chip in the commercial surface plasmon resonance (SPR) instrument, Biacore 3000. The bimetallic chip gives out sharper SPR dip than that by the chip made of an Au film. The applicability and stability of the bimetallic chip on the Biacore 3000 are tested by real-time monitoring of biological coupling processes between sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and anti-SMX, which is useful in rapid detection of contaminations in food products. The bimetallic chip performs stably in 6 times' usage and regeneration. Our experiment is helpful to push the bimetallic film into real applications in commercial SPR instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chen
- Department of Optics and Optical Engineering, Anhui Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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He AL, Wang XQ, Wu RQ, Lu YH, Feng YP. Adsorption of an Mn atom on a ZnO sheet and nanotube: a density functional theory study. J Phys Condens Matter 2010; 22:175501. [PMID: 21393668 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/17/175501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
First-principles calculations based on density functional theory were performed to study the stable geometries, electronic structure and magnetic properties of the adsorption of a single Mn atom on a graphitic ZnO sheet and a (9, 0) single-wall ZnO nanotube. For the graphitic ZnO sheet, the Mn atom prefers to reside above the center of a hexagon (H site), with a relatively large binding energy of 1.24 eV. The H site is also the most stable site for adsorption of an Mn atom inside the ZnO nanotube, with a large binding energy of 1.47 eV. In both of these cases, the total magnetic moment is 5.0 μ(B) per Mn atom, which is the same as that of a free Mn atom. When the Mn atom is adsorbed outside the tube, the most energetically favorable site is the atop oxygen site. The magnetic moment is 3.19 μ(B) for this configuration. The smaller magnetic moment is mainly due to the strong p-d mixing of O and Mn orbitals. The different adsorption behaviors are related to the curvatures of the nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L He
- Department of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, People's Republic of China
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Lu YH, Wu KM, Wyckhuys KAG, Guo YY. Comparative flight performance of three important pest Adelphocoris species of Bt cotton in China. Bull Entomol Res 2009; 99:543-550. [PMID: 19222869 DOI: 10.1017/s000748530800655x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The massive adoption of Bt cotton throughout China has been accompanied by outbreaks of secondary pests such as Adelphocoris spp. (Heteroptera: Miridae). The Adelphocoris group primarily consists of three species: A. suturalis, A. fasciaticollis and A. lineolatus, which greatly differ in geographical distribution and seasonal dynamics. However, the underlying drivers of these differences remain to be understood. The study of flight behaviour of these three species can yield important insight into their spatial and temporal dynamics and help explain their distribution. We examined flight propensity of the three Adelphocoris spp. under a range of biological and environmental conditions using a computer-monitored flight-mill. Gender and mating status only had minor effects on flight performance in these species, while age exerted great effects on it. Flight capacity was low for one-day-old adults and increased with age until day 10-13, then gradually decreased afterwards. Temperature and relative humidity affected flight propensity, with 20-23 degrees C and 64-68% RH considered optimal for flight of all three species. Between-species comparisons indicated that A. suturalis and A. fasciaticollis had similar flight distance and duration, which were significantly greater than for A. lineolatus. Our findings provide crucial information for understanding geographical distribution and seasonal occurrence and for developing regional forecasting and pest management protocols for Adelphocoris species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100094, People's Rebuplic of China
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Lu YH, Chu K, Shen YG. The Ti-B-N system: nanocomposite nc-TiN/a-(TiB2, BN) and nano-multilayer nc-TiN/a-TiBN thin films. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2008; 8:2713-2718. [PMID: 18572714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The nanostructures and mechanical properties of nanocomposite nc-TiN/a-(TiB2, BN) and nanostructured multilayers nc-TiN/a-TiBN were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), microindentation, and stress measurements. It was found that the monolayer Ti-B-N thin films consisted of nanometer-sized crystalline (nc-) Ti(N, B) embedded into amorphous (a-) (TiB2, BN) matrix. When B content was below approximately 16 at.%, two different-sized nanocrystallites with mean grain sizes of approximately 3 and 9 nm respectively were embedded in a-TiB2. With increasing B incorporation (> approximately 27 at.%), more uniform nanograins was embedded a-(TiB2, BN). Incorporation of B not only decreased the size of nanocrystallites, but also gave rise to twinning deformation in nanocrystallites. A maximum hardness of approximately 44 GPa was achieved at B content of 19 at.%. It was also found that the nanostructure and mechanical behaviors of nc-TiN/a-TiBN multilayers was dependent on the modulation length (bilayer thickness A). Decrease of Lambda made the preferred orientation of nc-TiN gradually transform from (200) to (111). A maximum hardness of approximately 30 GPa was achieved at Lambda = 1.8 nm. Deflection from this Lambda value decreased hardness. By contrast, the residual compressive stress value monotonically increased with decrease of A. The enhancement of the hardness was due to the coherent stresses and the structural barriers to dislocation motion in the interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Lu
- Department of Manufacturing Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Abstract
Diffracted magneto-optical (MO) effects are numerically investigated for one-dimensional lossy gyrotropic gratings in the zeroth and the first orders for the polar magnetization by utilizing the rigorous coupled-wave approach implemented as an Airy-like internal-reflection series. The simulated Kerr spectra agree well with the experimental ones. The dependence of the MO Kerr enhancement on the grating depth in the first-order diffraction, compared with that in the zeroth one, is illustrated, and the diffracted MO Faraday effect is theoretically investigated as well. Such a MO enhancement through the gyrotropic gratings is superior to the conventional MO devices and magneto-photonic crystals. The potential applications are also suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Lu
- Quantum Photonic Science Research Center and BK21 Program Division of Advanced Research and Education in Physics, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
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Luo L, Sun Q, Mao YY, Lu YH, Tan RX. Inhibitory effects of flavonoids from Hypericum perforatum on nitric oxide synthase. J Ethnopharmacol 2004; 93:221-5. [PMID: 15234756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2004.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2003] [Revised: 03/04/2004] [Accepted: 03/05/2004] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The inhibitory effects of six flavonoids from Hypericum perforatum were assessed spectrophotometrically using nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in blood and cerebral homogenate of rats. Of the assayed compounds, quercetin and hyperoside showed concentration-dependent enzyme inhibitory actions. The IC50 values of quercetin for inhibiting NOS in rat cerebral homogenate and blood were 63.06 and 57.54 microM, and those of hyperoside 56.23 and 158.49 microM, respectively. The competitive patterns were discerned with the inhibition of the two flavonoids on NOS in serum and cerebral homogenate (except a mixed type inhibition was observed with quercetin in inhibiting cerebral NOS). Furthermore, similar inhibitions were found for quercetin upon NOS in cerebral homogenate and blood. However, a stronger inhibitory effect of hyperoside on the enzyme was discerned in cerebrum than in blood. These results suggested that the galactose moiety in hyperoside may be associated with the selectivity of the NOS inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Luo
- Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
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Chen YF, Lee CS, Lin CC, Su SF, Chen ML, Hsieh CC, Chen HM, Chiu CC, Lu YH, Liang HY, Yen HW, Hwang YS, Lin YT. Twenty-year follow-up of the Carpentier-Edwards standard porcine bioprosthesis in the Oriental population. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 2003; 44:691-9. [PMID: 14735029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM The 20-year period long-term results of porcine bioprosthetic valve use are limited. In addition, the majority of these reports come from Western countries. Given the scanty information reported in Oriental countries, this study was therefore designed to examine 20-year long-term results in patients who received a Carpentier-Edwards porcine bioprosthetic valve in an effort to contribute further information on the long-term clinical performance of porcine prosthetic valves from a viewpoint of results in the Oriental population. METHODS From July 1979 to April 2001, 82 patients received valve replacement with a standard Carpentier-Edwards porcine valve. There were 40 men and 42 women with a mean age of 42.3+/-15.1 years (range 16 to 73 years). Follow-up time extended more than 20 years (mean 10.9+/-3.2 years, range 0.5 to 21.5 years ) for a total of 719.5 patient-years. RESULTS The overall operative mortality was 16.9% (14 of 83 procedures). At 5, 10, 15, and 20 years, the actuarial survival rate of patients was 71.7%, 66.9%, 55.5%, and 44.4%, respectively. Actuarial estimates of freedom from structural valvular deterioration (SVD) at 5, 10, 15, and 17 years were 96.3%, 64.0%, 24.3%, and 24.3%, respectively; from reoperation 96.3%, 64.5%, 24.5%, and 24.5%; from operated valvular endocarditis 96.8%, 92.6%, 92.6%, and 92.6%; and from overall thromboembolism 96.3%, 88.5%, 67.2%, and 52.2%. In normal sinus rhythm, actuarial estimates of freedom from thromboembolism at 5, 10, 15, and 17 years were 100.0%, 100.0%, 81.8%, and 81.8%, respectively. Whereas for those in patients with atrial fibrillation, the estimates of freedom from thromboembolism were 94.5%, 82.4%, 57.7%, and 38.5%. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the very satisfactory 20-year period long-term performance of freedom from bleeding events, thromboembolism (except in patients with atrial fibrillation), and valvular endocarditis in Oriental patients undergoing replacement with a porcine valve. However, the remarkable rate of SVD and reoperation ensued at 6 years after bioprosthesis implanted which does not differ from the series reported from Western countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery and Cardiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Deng X, Li QB, Lu YH, Sun DH, Huang YL, Chen XR. Bioaccumulation of nickel from aqueous solutions by genetically engineered Escherichia coli. Water Res 2003; 37:2505-2511. [PMID: 12727263 DOI: 10.1016/s0043-1354(03)00027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study constructed a genetically engineered Escherichia coli JM109 which simultaneously expressed nickel transport system and metallothionein to remove and recover Ni(2+) from aqueous solution. Bioaccumulation process was rapid and followed linearized Langmuir isotherm. A more than six-fold increase of Ni(2+) binding capacity was obtained by genetically engineered E. coli cells compared with original host E. coli cells. A pH assay showed genetically engineered E. coli cells accumulated Ni(2+) effectively over a broad range of pH (4-10). The presence of 1000 mg/L Na(+) and Ca(2+), or 50mg/L Cd(2+) or Pb(2+) did not have a significant effect on Ni(2+) bioaccumulation, while Mg(2+), Hg(2+) and Cu(2+) posed a severe adverse influence on Ni(2+) uptake by genetically engineered E. coli. Furthermore, genetically engineered E. coli cells did not require extra nutrients for Ni(2+) bioaccumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Deng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China.
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