1
|
The efficacy and safety of venetoclax combined with demethylating agents in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2024; 28:1837-1846. [PMID: 38497866 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202403_35597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of venetoclax in combination with hypomethylating agents in elderly with acute myeloid leukemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature search identified related studies from PubMed, Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Overall complete remission (CR) and overall response rate (ORR) were applied to evaluate the efficacy of venetoclax in combination with hypomethylating agents in elderly with acute myeloid leukemia, and incidence of grade 3-4 adverse events were used to evaluate the safety. RESULTS 10 studies, including a total of 930 patients, were identified in our study and analyzed using the random-effects model. Meta-analysis showed the pooled overall CR rate of 70% (95% CI: 63-77%), the pooled ORR rate of 53% (95% CI: 39-67%), and the median overall survival ranged from 7.7 to 16.9 months. A total of 6 studies reported related adverse events, mainly including thrombocytopenia, febrile neutropenia, neutropenia, leukopenia, anemia, and pneumonia. The pooled incidence of overall adverse events was 30% (95% CI: 22-38%), and all adverse events were tolerable and resolved with treatment. CONCLUSIONS The combination of venetoclax and demethylating drugs has a good therapeutic effect on elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia, but it also induces some adverse events. Although this therapy has a small impact on the quality of life, further attention is still needed to reduce the occurrence of such adverse events.
Collapse
|
2
|
Effects of alternative disinfection methods on the characteristics of effluent organic matter and the formation of disinfection byproducts. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122796. [PMID: 37879556 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The characteristics of effluent organic matter (EfOM) and the type of disinfection methods are closely related to the formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in reclaimed water. In this study, five disinfection methods, i.e., chlorination, ultraviolet (UV) followed by chlorination (UV + Cl), UV/chlorine (UV/Cl), chloramination, and chlorine dioxide (ClO2), were applied to investigate the changes in the properties of EfOM, the formation of DBPs, and the relationship between EfOM properties and DBP formation during the disinfection of four secondary biological effluents. The results showed that EfOM with medium molecular weight (MW) (0.5-6 kDa) was the dominant fraction for all WWTPs. From a fluorescence perspective, the EfOM of the AAO process was rich in humic matter, while the EfOM of the oxidation ditch (OD) process was rich in protein matter. Disinfectants tended to transfer EfOM with high molecular weight (MW) (>6 kDa) to those with low MW (<0.5 kDa). Chlorination, UV + Cl and UV/Cl were more reactive to humic matter, while chloramination and chlorine dioxide were more reactive to protein matter. The formation of known DBPs was mainly dependent on humic matter, while protein matter was more likely to generate unknown DBPs. N-DBPs only accounted for 5.7%-17.7% of the total DBPs, but contributed more than 70% of the calculated toxicity, among which bromochloroacetonitrile (BCAN), dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN), and monobromoacetamide (MBAcAm) were the most important contributors to the calculated cytotoxicity. Monobromoacetic acid (MBAA) and MBAcAm were the primary drivers of the calculated genotoxicity. Overall, UV + Cl was the suggested optimal disinfection method for WWTPs.
Collapse
|
3
|
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and faecal microbiota transplantation can improve colitis in mice by affecting gut microbiota and metabolomics. Benef Microbes 2023; 14:609-622. [PMID: 38350484 DOI: 10.1163/18762891-20230046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Gut microbiota may have therapeutic effects on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Regulating intestinal microbiota through Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) and faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a novel approach to treating IBD. This study aimed to explore the effect of L. plantarum and FMT pretreatment in alleviating colitis in mice. Five groups of mice (n = 6 per group) were included: CON group, DSS group (dextran sodium sulphate-induced colitis mice), LP-DSS pretreatment group (colitis mice were given strain L. plantarum and 5% DSS), DSS-FMT group (mice pretreated with faecal microbiota transplantation were given 5% DSS), and LP-FMT pretreatment group (mice pretreated with faecal microbiota transplantation and L. plantarum were given 5% DSS). Serum metabolites and intestinal microbiota were analysed by 16S rRNA sequencing liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The results demonstrated that L. plantarum and FMT improved gut microbiota in mice by increasing Firmicutes and decreasing the Bacteroidetes. In the serum metabolomics analysis, there were 11 differential metabolites in the DSS-FMT and LP-FMT pretreatment groups, and these differential metabolites were mainly glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids. It is worth noting that Lachnospira and Lactobacillus were positively associated with 8 differential metabolites. These results suggest that L. plantarum and FMT can regulate intestinal microorganisms and serum metabolomics to alleviate inflammation.
Collapse
|
4
|
[Clinical characteristics of 34 adult patients with acute leukemias of ambiguous lineage]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2023; 44:940-944. [PMID: 38185525 PMCID: PMC10753250 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2023.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
|
5
|
Patients' caring experience during procedures under regional anesthesia in Mainland China: A phenomenology study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20330. [PMID: 37810870 PMCID: PMC10556589 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although regional anesthesia is common, the procedure results in feelings of uncertainty and anxiety in some patients. Increased care is needed for these patients under general anesthesia. Few studies have focused on the intraoperative caring experience of patients during regional anesthesia. This study focused on the caring experience of patients during procedures involving regional anesthesia. Methods The descriptive phenomenology method of Husserl was employed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample in five Grade III-A hospitals in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province. The seven-step analysis method of Colaizzi was applied for the analysis, summation, and theme refinement of the interview data. Results A total of 14 patients from five hospitals participated in the interviews. Four domains and 16 themes emerged during analysis: be informed (about the operation site, progression of the operation, informed in advance, receive explanation for abnormal experience); take care of my body (painless, gentle movements, special care); be protected (work seriously, favorable atmosphere, skilled, authority); and treated as an individual (pay attention, accompany, ask for opinions, encourage patient expression, humorous). Conclusion Patients during procedure under regional anesthesia had specific caring experiences relative to other patients. Medical staff should recognize the importance of regional anesthesia patients' intraoperative caring experience. Hospital administrators should offer support to allow healthcare staff to provide targeted caring for patients during procedure under regional anesthesia.
Collapse
|
6
|
[Clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia arising from malignant tumors]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2023; 44:742-748. [PMID: 38049318 PMCID: PMC10630571 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, cytogenetics, molecular biology, treatment, and prognosis of patients with therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia (t-MDS/AML) secondary to malignancies. Methods: The clinical data of 86 patients with t-MDS/AML in West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January 2010 and April 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical characteristics, primary tumor types, and tumor-related therapies were analyzed. Results: The study enrolled a total of 86 patients with t-MDS/AML, including 67 patients with t-AML, including 1 patient with M(0), 6 with M(1), 27 with M(2), 9 with M(3), 12 with M(4), 10 with M(5), 1 with M(6), and 1 with M(7). Sixty-two patients could be genetically stratified, with a median overall survival (OS) of 36 (95% CI 22-52) months for 20 (29.9%) patients in the low-risk group and 6 (95% CI 3-9) months for 10 (14.9%) in the intermediate-risk group. The median OS time was 8 (95% CI 1-15) months in 32 (47.8%) patients in the high-risk group. For patients with non-acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and AML, the median OS of the low-risk group was 27 (95% CI 18-36) months, which was significantly longer than that of the non-low-risk group (χ(2)=5.534, P=0.019). All 9 APL cases were treated according to the initial treatment, and the median OS was not reached, and the 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates were 100.0%, (75.0±6.2) %, and (75.0±6.2) % respectively. Of the 58 patients with non-APL t-AML (89.7%), 52 received chemotherapy, and 16 achieved complete remission (30.8%) after the first induction chemotherapy. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates of the non-APL t-AML group were (42.0 ± 6.6) %, (22.9±5.7) %, and (13.4±4.7) %, respectively. The median OS of patients who achieved remission was 24 (95% CI 18-30) months, and the median OS of those who did not achieve remission was 6 (95% CI 3-9) months (χ(2)=10.170, P=0.001). Bone marrow CR was achieved in 7 (53.8%) of 13 patients treated with vineclar-containing chemotherapy, with a median OS of 12 (95% CI 9-15) months, which was not significantly different from that of vineclar-containing chemotherapy (χ(2)=0.600, P=0.437). In 19 patients with t-MDS, the 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates were (46.8±11.6) %, (17.5±9.1) %, and (11.7±9.1) % with a median OS of 12 (95% CI 7-17) months, which was not significantly different from that in t-AML (χ(2)=0.232, P=0.630) . Conclusions: Breast cancer, bowel cancer, and other primary tumors are common in patients with t-MDS/AML, which have a higher risk of adverse genetics. Patients with APL had a high induction remission rate and a good long-term prognosis, whereas patients without APL had a low remission rate and a poor long-term prognosis.
Collapse
|
7
|
Acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine for menopausal mood disorder: a randomized controlled trial. Climacteric 2023; 26:392-400. [PMID: 36921619 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2023.2187284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) on mood disorder symptoms for menopausal women. METHODS A total of 95 qualified Chinese participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: 31 in the acupuncture combined with CHM group (combined group), 32 in the acupuncture combined with CHM placebo group (acupuncture group) and 32 in the CHM combined with sham acupuncture group (CHM group). The patients were treated for 8 weeks and followed up for 4 weeks. The data were collected using the Greene Climacteric Scale (GCS), self-rating depression scale (SDS), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and safety index. RESULTS The three groups each showed significant decreases in the GCS, SDS and SAS after treatment (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the effect on the GCS total score and the anxiety domain lasted until the follow-up period in the combined group (p < 0.05). Within the three groups, there was no difference in GCS and SAS between the three groups after treatment (p > 0.05). However, the combined group showed significant improvement in the SDS, compared with both the acupuncture group and the CHM group at 8 weeks and 12 weeks (p < 0.05). No obvious abnormal cases were found in any of the safety indexes. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that either acupuncture, or CHM or combined therapy offer safe improvement of mood disorder symptoms for menopausal women. However, the combination therapy was associated with more stable effects in the follow-up period and a superior effect on improving depression symptoms.
Collapse
|
8
|
B-Cell-Activating Factor Contributes to Elevation of the Content of Regulatory B Cells in Neonatal Sepsis. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023:10.1007/s10517-023-05814-1. [PMID: 37338768 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05814-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
We studied the role of B cell-activating factor (BAFF) in PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in promoting proliferation and maintaining survival of regulatory B lymphocytes (Breg) in newborns with sepsis. The peripheral blood samples were collected from preterm neonates (n=40) diagnosed with sepsis on the day of diagnosis and on days 7, 14, and 21 after diagnosis, as well as from the matched preterm neonates without sepsis (n=40; control group). The peripheral blood mononuclear cells and B cells were isolated, cultured, and stimulated with LPS and immunostimulant CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN). Proliferation and differentiation of B-cells into CD19+CD24hiCD38hi Breg cells and the role of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in these processes were studied by flow cytometry, real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), and Western blotting. BAFF levels in the peripheral blood of neonates with sepsis were significantly increased at one week after diagnosis in parallel with increasing trend of expression of BAFF receptor. When applied with LPS and CpG-ODN, BAFF promoted differentiation of B cells into CD19+CD24hiCD38hi Breg cells. Phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 factor and 70S6K kinase located downstream in PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was significantly up-regulated when stimulated with BAFF in combination with LPS and CpG-ODN. Thus, increased level of BAFF activates PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and induces in vitro differentiation of peripheral blood B cells into CD19+CD24hiCD38hi Breg cells.
Collapse
|
9
|
[Synchronization isolation method for multiple types of cells from mouse liver]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2023; 31:532-537. [PMID: 37365031 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20220827-00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore a simple and feasible method for the isolation and purification of hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells (HSC), and lymphocytes from mice. Methods: The cell suspension was obtained from male C57bl/6 mice by hepatic perfusion through the portal vein digestion method and then isolated and purified by discontinuous Percoll gradient centrifugation. Trypan blue exclusion was used to determine cell viability. Glycogen staining, cytokeratin 18, and transmission electron microscopy were used to identify hepatic cells. Immunofluorescence was used to detect α-smooth muscle actin combined with desmin in HSCs. Flow cytometry was used to analyze lymphocyte subsets in the liver. Results: After isolation and purification, about 2.7×10(7) hepatocytes, 5.7×10(5) HSCS, and 4.6×106 hepatic mononuclear cells were obtained from the liver of mice with a body weight of about 22g. The cell survival rate in each group was > 95%. Hepatocytes were apparent in glycogen deposited purple-red granules and cytokeratin 18. Electron microscopy showed that there were abundant organelles in hepatocytes and tight junctions between cells. HSC had expressed α-smooth muscle actin and desmin. Flow cytometry showed hepatic mononuclear cells, including lymphocyte subsets such as CD4, CD8, NKs, and NKTs. Conclusion: The hepatic perfusion through the portal vein digestion method can isolate multiple primary cells from the liver of mice at once and has the features of simplicity and efficiency.
Collapse
|
10
|
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of NAC family genes in Ginkgo biloba L. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:107-118. [PMID: 36377299 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
NAC (NAM, ATAF, CUC2) transcription factors constitute one of the largest families of plant-specific transcription factors with important roles in plant growth and development and in biotic and abiotic stresses. The physicochemical properties, gene structure, cis-acting elements and expression patterns of NAC transcription factors in Ginkgo biloba were analysed using bioinformatics, and expression of this gene family was analysed via quantitative reverse transcription PCR. The family of G. biloba NAC transcription factors had 50 members, distributed on 12 chromosomes and divided into 11 groups. Members in the same group share a similar gene structure and motif distribution. Transcriptome data analysis of G. biloba showed that 35 genes were expressed in eight tissues. Correlation analysis suggested that GbNAC007 and GNAC008 might be involved in flavonoid biosynthesis. Expression levels of 12 GbNACs under cold, het, and salt stresses were analysed. Results indicate that NAC transcription factors play an important role in response to abiotic stresses. This study provides a reference for the functional analysis of the G. biloba family of NAC transcription factors, as well as a resource for studies on the involvement of this family in responses to abiotic stresses and flavonoid biosynthesis.
Collapse
|
11
|
[Outcome of lingual gingival recession treated with the tunnel technique plus subepithelial connective tissue graft technique: a case report]. ZHONGHUA KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2022; 57:1243-1246. [PMID: 36509525 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20220405-00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
12
|
[Efficacy and safety of daratumumab in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2022; 102:3304-3311. [PMID: 36319183 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220311-00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of daratumumab in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) patients. Methods: Fifty-two RRMM patients treated with daratumumab from September 2019 to November 2021 in West China Hospital were retrospectively enrolled, including 31 males and 21 females. The mean age of these patients at the first diagnosis of multiple myeloma was (58±10) years. According to the dosage of daratumumab, patients were divided into low dosage group (n=10) and high dosage group (n=42). Overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse event rates were investigated. Univariate and multivariate analysis of potential factors were conducted. Results: Of the 52 patients, 8 received daratumumab monotherapy, 27 received daratumumab plus immuno-modulatory drug (IMiD) treatment, 4 received daratumumab plus proteosome inhibitor (PI) treatment, and 11 received daratumumab plus dexamethasone treatment. The diagnosis age of high dosage group patients was (57±9) years, which was significantly younger than that of low dosage group [(66±10) years] (P=0.009). The baseline creatinine level of high dosage group patients [M (Q1, Q3)] was 91 (68, 196) μmol/L, which was significantly higher than that of low dosage group [66 (51, 76) μmol/L] (P=0.021). There was no significant difference in other baseline clinical characteristics, previous treatment regimens, previous lines of treatment, and regimen and cycles of daratumumab between the high dosage group and low dosage group (all P>0.05). The ORR for the 52 patients was 71.2% (37/52). The ORR for daratumumab plus IMiD group was 81.5% (22/27), which was significantly higher than that in monotherapy or dexamethasone group [ORR: 52.6% (10/19), P=0.036). With a median follow-up [M (Q1, Q3)] of 7 (5, 26) months, the median PFS for overall cohort was 17 (95%CI: 9.6-24.4) months. The median PFS for daratumumab plus IMiD group was 26 (95%CI: 6.0-46.0) months, which was significantly better than that in monotherapy or dexamethasone group [12 (95%CI: 3.5-20.5) months] (HR=0.231, 95%CI: 0.075-0.715, P=0.011). Higher diagnosis age was the risk factor of progression (HR=1.085, 95%CI: 1.016-1.158, P=0.014), while more cycles of daratumumab treatment was the protective factor of progression (HR=0.669, 95%CI: 0.495-0.904, P=0.009). There was no significant influence of daratumumab dosage on progression (high dosage vs low dosage, HR=1.016, 95%CI: 0.221-4.668, P=0.984). The median OS for overall cohort was 26 (95%CI: 13.1-38.9) months. Higher serum calcium was the independent risk factor of death (HR=12.190, 95%CI: 1.170-127.048, P=0.037). There was no significant influence of daratumumab dosage on death (high dosage vs low dosage, HR=0.818, 95%CI: 0.171-3.917, P=0.802). Adverse events included infections (43.2%, 16/37), infusion-associated reactions (29.7%, 11/37), and thrombocytopenia (27.0%, 10/37). Conclusions: Daratumumab is effective to treat RRMM. The dosage of daratumumab has no significant influence on prognosis when used in combined treatment. The incidence of adverse events is relatively low, with a favorable safety profile.
Collapse
|
13
|
The key role of hydrophobicity in the determination of pharmaceuticals by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry under the interference of natural organic matter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:83071-83080. [PMID: 35759101 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21674-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The determination of trace-level pharmaceuticals in water is generally performed using liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry, which is susceptible to interference from non-target substances, such as natural organic matter (NOM). In this study, the interference of NOM on the determination of 20 typical pharmaceuticals using solid-phase extraction followed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-tqMS) was investigated with a combined consideration of recoveries, matrix effects, and process efficiencies. The results showed that the recoveries of most pharmaceuticals were not significantly affected by NOM concentrations of 1-50 mg/L. The matrix effects and process efficiencies decreased linearly with increasing logarithmic NOM concentrations, and the changes in matrix effects and process efficiencies both exhibited negative linear correlations with the pharmaceuticals' hydrophobicity (logKow). This result indicated that the determination of hydrophilic pharmaceuticals suffered from more severe NOM interference, as NOM entered the ESI source together with hydrophilic pharmaceuticals after UPLC separation and subsequently weakened the ionization efficiency of these pharmaceuticals. According to the correlations between logKow and the changes in matrix effects and process efficiencies, the pharmaceutical determination in positive/negative ESI modes with logKow ≤ 3.80/4.27 is considered to be significantly affected by NOM, accompanied by > 20% changes in matrix effects and process efficiencies.
Collapse
|
14
|
Five axial planes of fetal brain for comprehensive cerebral evaluation. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2022; 60:577-579. [PMID: 35380745 DOI: 10.1002/uog.24909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
|
15
|
Advances in physiological mechanisms of selenium to improve heavy metal stress tolerance in plants. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2022; 24:913-919. [PMID: 35583793 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a metalloid mineral nutrient for human and animal health. Plants are the main foodstuff source of the Se intake of humans. For plants, the addition of an appropriate amount of Se could promotes growth and development, and improves the tolerance to environmental stress, especially stress from some of heavy metals (HM) stress, such as cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg). This paper mainly reviews and summarizes the physiological mechanism of Se in enhancing HM stress tolerance in plants. The antagonistic effect of Se on HM is a comprehensive effect that includes many physiological mechanisms. Se can promote the removal of excessive reactive oxygen species and reduce the oxidative damage of plant cells under HM elements stress. Se participates in the regulation of the transportation and distribution of HM ions in plants, and alleviates the damage caused by of HM stress. Moreover, Se combine with HM elements to form Se-HM complexes and promote the production of phytochelatins (PCs), thereby reducing the accumulation of HM ions in plants. Overall, Se plays an important role in plant response to HM stress, but current studies mainly focus on physiological mechanism, and further in-depth study on the molecular mechanism is essential to confirm the participation of Se in plant response to environmental stress. This review helps to comprehensively understand the physiological mechanism of Se in plant tolerance against to HM stress of plants, and provides important theoretical support for the practical application of Se in environmental remediation and agricultural development.
Collapse
|
16
|
[Strategies for selection and application of antibiotics for urinary tract infections in children]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2022; 60:964-966. [PMID: 36038314 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20220702-00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
|
17
|
Effect of ammonia on acute toxicity and disinfection byproducts formation during chlorination of secondary wastewater effluents. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:153916. [PMID: 35183634 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) significantly affects the occurrence of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) and residual chlorine in chlorinated wastewater, thereby affecting the acute toxicity to aquatic organisms. In this paper, the formation of thirty-five halogenated DBPs and the changes in acute toxicity of luminescent bacteria and zebrafish embryos were evaluated after chlorination of seven secondary wastewater effluents with different NH3-N concentrations. Results showed that NH3-N significantly reduced the formation of most DBPs by 82-100%. The acute toxicity was enhanced after chlorination and increased linearly with increasing NH3-N concentration for luminescent bacteria (r = 0.986, p < 0.05) and zebrafish embryos (r = 0.972, p < 0.05) due to the coexistence of DBPs and monochloramine. According to the toxicity classification system of wastewater, the fitting results indicated that the toxicity level was acceptable for chlorinated wastewater with NH3-N concentration below 1.00 mg-N/L. DBPs might be the main toxicant to luminescent bacteria in the wastewater with low NH3-N concentrations (0.06-0.31 mg-N/L), which accounted for 68-97% of the toxicity contribution. By contrast, monochloramine contributed over 80% to the toxicity of luminescent bacteria and zebrafish embryos in the wastewater with high NH3-N concentrations (2.66-7.17 mg-N/L). Compared to chlorination, chlorine dioxide and ultraviolet disinfection unaffected by NH3-N could reduce acute toxicity by nearly 100%, primarily due to the lack of residual disinfectant. In view of the high toxicity caused by chlorination, chlorination-dechlorination or chlorine dioxide and UV disinfection are highly recommended for the treatment of wastewater with high NH3-N concentration.
Collapse
|
18
|
Association between Accelerometer-Measured Light-Intensity Physical Activity and Cognitive Function in Older Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:230-235. [PMID: 35297464 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1749-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate whether accelerometer-measured light physical activity (LPA) is associated with cognitive function and whether engaging in ≥3 h/day of LPA can reduce the chance of cognitive impairment among a sample of older adults in Taiwan. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING An outpatient department in a medical center. PARTICIPANTS Participants were community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older who were able to walk independently from September 2020 to March 2021. MEASUREMENTS A tri-axial accelerometer was used to measure LPA for 7 consecutive days, and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale was used to assess the chance of cognitive impairment. Multiple linear regression model and binary logistic regression model were performed to examine the association between LPA and MMSE scores. RESULTS 145 older Taiwanese adults (51.7% men; 81.2±6.8 years; 6.9% at chance of cognitive impairment) were included. After adjusting for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and wear time, we found that there was a significant association between LPA and cognitive function (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.64-1.65; P<0.001), and further found that those who engaged in LPA ≥3 h/day were at reduced chance of cognitive impairment compared with people who engaged in LPA <3 h/day (odds ratio [OR]: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.03-0.80; P=0.025). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that engaging in LPA ≥3 h/day could be viewed as a protective factor for maintaining cognitive function in older adults. We recommend further longitudinal research to elucidate the association between intensity-specific LPA and cognitive function.
Collapse
|
19
|
[Analysis on incidence of occupational diseases in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2020]. ZHONGHUA LAO DONG WEI SHENG ZHI YE BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LAODONG WEISHENG ZHIYEBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES 2022; 40:292-295. [PMID: 35545598 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20210125-00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the incidence characteristics of occupational diseases in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2020, provide scientific basis for formulating occupational disease prevention and control policies. Methods: In January 2021, based on the data of occupational diseases in Guangzhou reported in the Information Monitoring System of Occupational Diseases and Occupational Health, descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the types and characteristics of occupational diseases in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2020. Results: A total of 1341 cases of 38 kinds of occupational diseases in 9 categories were reported in the past 11 years. The incidence of occupational pneumoconiosis, occupational otolaryngology and oral diseases and occupational chemical poisoning ranked the top three, accounting for 38.1% (511/1341) , 30.5% (409/1341) and 16.2% (217/1341) of the total cases respectively. The cases of pneumoconiosis in welders and silicosis accounted for 47.7% (244/511) and 34.4% (176/511) of the cases of occupational pneumoconiosis respectively. The cases of noise deafness accounted for 99.8% (408/409) of occupational otorhinolaryngology oral diseases. Acute occupational chemical poisoning cases accounted for 26.7% (58/217) of the occupational chemical poisoning cases, in which dichloroethane poisoning cases ranked the first, accounting for 79.3% (46/58) . Chronic occupational chemical poisoning cases accounted for 73.3% (159/217) of the occupational poisoning cases, in which benzene and lead poisoning cases ranked the top two, accounting for 79.2% (126/159) and 17.6% (28/159) respectively. Conclusion: Pneumoconiosis, silicosis, noise deafness, benzene poisoning, lead poisoning, dichloroethane poisoning should be supervised and managed as key occupational diseases in Guangzhou.
Collapse
|
20
|
Abnormal Sylvian fissure at 20-30 weeks as indicator of malformations of cortical development: role of prenatal whole-genome sequencing. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2022; 59:552-555. [PMID: 34542197 DOI: 10.1002/uog.24771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
|
21
|
Clinical study of urethroplasty combined free grafting of internal preputial lamina with onlay local pedicled flap. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00862-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
22
|
The expression of cytokeratin and apoptosis-related molecules in echinococcosis related liver injury. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2022; 248:111455. [PMID: 35016896 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2022.111455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the expression of cytokeratin and apoptosis-related molecules in the livers of two types of hepatic echinococcosis mice models and to preliminarily explore the relationship between the expression of cytokeratin and apoptosis in echinococcosis related liver injury. We established a mouse model infected by Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis and observed the expression of cytokeratin and apoptosis related proteins in the two types of hepatic echinococcosis tissues during different stages by immunohistochemical staining. A co-culture model was established using normal hepatocytes and different concentrations of E. granulosus and E. multilocularis protoscoleces. Cell Counting Kit-8 was used to detect cell proliferation, flow cytometry was used to detect hepatocyte apoptosis, and western blot was used to quantify cytokeratin and apoptosis-related proteins, such as caspase3, caspase9, Bcl-2, and Bax. Surgical specimens were obtained from patients with hepatic echinococcosis to analyze the expressions of cytokeratin, caspase3, caspase9, Bcl-2, and Bax by western blot. The expressions of cytokeratin and caspase3 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The qRT-PCR method was used to determine the expression of CK8 and CK18 in the liver tissues. In vivo experiments showed that compared to that in the control group, the cytokeratin and caspase3 proteins in the liver tissues of the two types of hepatic echinococcosis were strongly expressed around the lesions of liver echinococcosis; there was a difference between cytokeratin expression of the two different echinococcosis parasites in the liver. Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis in the co-culture model in vitro could promote the expression of CK, caspase3, caspase9, and Bax protein, decrease the expression of Bcl-2, promote hepatocyte apoptosis, and inhibit cell proliferation; in clinical samples, we found that compared with that in the normal tissues, the expression of cytokeratin, caspase3, caspase9, and Bax in echinococcus tissues was high, but that in Bcl-2 was low. Furthermore, the expression of CK8 and CK18 mRNA were higher in echinococcus tissues than that in the normal tissues and immunohistochemistry analysis also showed that cytokeratin and caspase3 levels were higher in echinococcus tissues than that in the normal tissues. The expression of cytokeratin and apoptosis-related molecules, reflecting liver damage, is high in the liver and is caused due to hepatic echinococcosis. This study provides the first evidence of cytokeratin could be useful for evaluating liver tissue damage caused by echinococcus infection.
Collapse
|
23
|
Mesoporous cellulose-chitosan composite hydrogel fabricated via the co-dissolution-regeneration process as biosorbent of heavy metals. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 286:117324. [PMID: 33990049 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Developing low-cost and high-performance biosorbent for water purification continues drawing more and more attention. In this study, cellulose-chitosan composite hydrogels were fabricated via a co-dissolution and regeneration process using a molten salt hydrate (a 60 wt% aqueous solution of LiBr) as a solvent. The addition of chitosan not only introduced functionality for metal adsorption but also increased the specific surface area and improved the mechanical strength of the composite hydrogel, compared to pure cellulose hydrogel. Batch adsorption experiments indicated that the composite hydrogel with 37% cellulose and 63% chitosan exhibited an adsorption capacity of 94.3 mg/g (1.49 mmol/g) toward Cu2+ at 23 °C, pH 5, and initial metal concentration of 1500 mg/L, which was 10 times greater than the adsorption capacity of pure cellulose hydrogel. Competitive adsorption from a mixed metals solution revealed that the cellulose-chitosan composite hydrogel exhibited selective adsorption of the metals in the order of Cu2+ > Zn2+ > Co2+. This study successfully demonstrated an innovative method to fabricate biosorbents from abundant and renewable natural polymers (cellulose and chitosan) for removing metal ions from water.
Collapse
|
24
|
Smoking and incidence of insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Public Health 2021; 198:324-331. [PMID: 34507139 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the impact of smoking on the incidence of insomnia. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and OVID were searched through March 2020. Cohort studies reporting the effect of smoking on the incidence of insomnia were included. We quantitatively analyzed the basic framework and study characteristics and then pooled estimate effects with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of outcomes of each included study using fixed-effects meta-analyses. RESULTS This systematic review included six cohort studies involving 12,445 participants. Quantitatively summarized results suggested that smoking could significantly increase the incidence of insomnia (odds ratio [OR]: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.13). Regular smoking was significantly associated with the incidence of insomnia (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.13). As for occasional smokers and ex-smokers, the pooled analysis did not indicate a significant association (occasional smoker: OR = 2.09, 95% CI: 0.44, 9.95; ex-smoker; OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.67, 1.54). Subgroup analysis by age, gender ratio, and region showed a statistically significant relationship between smoking and the incidence of insomnia in specific groups. CONCLUSIONS Integrated longitudinal observational evidence identified smoking as a significant risk factor of insomnia. Considering the limited amount of available studies, more high-quality and prospective cohort studies of large sample sizes are needed to explore details of this association.
Collapse
|
25
|
[Health survey and analysis of workers exposed to noise and dust in a candy manufacturing enterprise]. ZHONGHUA LAO DONG WEI SHENG ZHI YE BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LAODONG WEISHENG ZHIYEBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES 2021; 39:511-515. [PMID: 34365761 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20200518-00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the occupational hazards and the health status of workers in a candy manufacturing enterprise, to study the nonspecific effects of noise on cardiovascular and digestive systems, and to further explore the combined effect of noise and dust on workers' health. Methods: In 2019, all 564 employees of a candy manufacturing enterprise in Guangzhou were selected as the research objects. According to the exposure to occupational hazards, the research objects were divided into control group (101 persons) , noise exposure group (272 persons) and noise dust combined exposure group (191 persons) . According to the requirements of GBZ 188-2014 "Technical Specification for Occupational Health Monitoring", the employees were given occupational health examination. Blood pressure, electrocardiogram, liver function, binaural pure tone audiometry and other indicators were analyzed by gender, age and length of service. Results: The abnormal hearing rate of the workers in the control group, noise exposure group, and noise dust combined exposure group were 12.9% (13/101) , 24.6% (67/272) , and 36.1% (69/191) , respectively, showing a significant increasing trend (P<0.05) . Compared with the control group, the abnormal rates of electrocardiogram, abnormal blood pressure and fatty liver detection rate of the workers in the noise exposure group and the noise dust combined exposure group were significantly increased (P<0.017) . The abnormal hearing rate and fatty liver detection rate of male employees showed an increasing trend among the three groups (P<0.05) . The abnormal hearing and blood pressure rates of 40 to 49-year-old employees showed an increasing trend (P<0.05) . The rates of abnormal hearing of employees with≥50 years old and working experience <10 and 10-19 years showed an increasing trend (P<0.05) . The abnormal rate of electrocardiogram and the fatty liver detection rate of employees with more than 20 years of service had an increasing trend (P<0.05) . Conclusion: Noise is the main occupational hazard factor in candy manufacturing enterprises, which may be related to cardiovascular system and digestive system damage. At the same time, dust may strengthen the hearing loss caused by noise.
Collapse
|
26
|
[Contribution of sympathetic activation to antihypertrophic memory after regression of exercise-induced physiological myocardial hypertrophy in mice]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:495-503. [PMID: 33963707 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.04.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether anti-hypertrophic memory exists after regression of exercise-induced physiological myocardial hypertrophy (PMH) and explore the contribution of sympathetic activation to hypertrophic memory formation. OBJECTIVE Seventy-two mice were randomized equally into 6 groups, including sedentary sham-operated group, exercise hypertrophic preconditioning (EHP) + sham operation group, bisoprolol (an adrenergic β1 receptor blocker) + EHP + sham operation group (biso+Exe+Sham group), sedentary group with transverse aortic constriction (TAC) (Sed+TAC group), EHP+ TAC group (Exe+TAC group), and bisoprolol+EHP+TAC group (biso+Exe+TAC group). The mice in the EHP groups were subjected to 3 weeks of swimming training, and in the bisoprolol groups, bisoprolol was administered by gavage once daily from two days before till the end of the training. One week after the training, TAC or sham surgery was performed. Echocardiography and hemodynamic measurements were performed to evaluate cardiac function of the mice, and the myocardial tissues were examined histologically to detect cardiac remodeling. OBJECTIVE Compared with the sedentary group, the mice receiving 3 weeks of swimming training had significantly increased heart weight to body weight ratio (HW/BW), HW to tibia length ratio (HW/TL), and the cross-sectional area of the cardiomyocytes (P < 0.05). One week after the training, exercise-induced PMH rapidly diminished and both HW/BW and HW/TL recovered the baseline levels. Treatment with bisoprolol obviously prevented the occurrence of PMH. Four weeks after TAC, the left ventricular posterior wall thickness, HW/BW, HW/TL, left ventricular end diastolic pressure and cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes were all significantly lower (P < 0.05) while the left ejection fraction and maximal change rate of left ventricular pressure were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in Exe + TAC group than in Sed + TAC group. No significant difference was found in these parameters between biso + Exe + TAC group and Sed + TAC group. OBJECTIVE Anti-hypertrophic memory exists even after the regression of exercise-induced PMH, which may be attributed to the activation of sympathetic nervous system during exercise.
Collapse
|
27
|
634 Single cell transcriptomics identifies a two way conversion program between dermal progenitors and adipocytes during skin development and regeneration. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
28
|
A Nonlinear Association between Neighborhood Walkability and Risks of Sarcopenia in Older Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:618-623. [PMID: 33949628 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1588-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neighborhood walkability has been found to be positively related to physical activity and negatively associated with risks of noncommunicable diseases. However, limited studies have examined its association with sarcopenia in older adults. Thus, this study aimed to examine the association between neighborhood walk score and risks of sarcopenia in a sample of older Taiwanese adults. DESIGN AND SETTING This study was a cross-sectional investigation using telephone-based survey. PARTICIPANTS A nationwide telephone-based survey targeting older adults (≥ 65 years) was conducted in Taiwan. MEASUREMENTS Data on neighborhood walkability (determined by walk score of residential neighborhood), sarcopenia scores (measured by SARC-F), and personal characteristics were obtained. The relationships between walk score and risks of sarcopenia were examined using generalized additive models. RESULTS A total of 1,056 older adults participated in the survey. In model 1 (sex and age) and model 2 (full-adjusted model), a nonlinear association between neighborhood walk score and risks of sarcopenia was observed. Results showed that risks of sarcopenia appear to be lower in neighborhoods with a 40-walk score (Car-Dependent; most errands require a car) and an 80-walk score (Very Walkable) and highest in the neighborhood with a 60-walk score (Somewhat Walkable). CONCLUSIONS The study revealed a nonlinear relationship between neighborhood walkability and risks of sarcopenia in older adults in Asian context. Results provided information to urban designers and public health practitioners that more walkable neighborhood may not necessarily protect older adults from risks of sarcopenia.
Collapse
|
29
|
The Impact of a National COVID-19 Lockdown on Acute Coronary Syndrome Hospitalisations in New Zealand: an ANZACS-QI study. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [PMCID: PMC8203216 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
30
|
Targeting Toll-like receptor 4 with CLI-095 (TAK-242) enhances the antimetastatic effect of the estrogen receptor antagonist fulvestrant on non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 22:2074-2086. [PMID: 32367494 PMCID: PMC7505887 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02353-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Estrogen plays a critical role in the invasiveness and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through estrogen receptor β (ERβ). However, the antimetastatic effect of the ERβ antagonist fulvestrant was still limited in NSCLC patients. Recently, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling was implicated in NSCLC metastasis. Our present study aimed to evaluate the synergistic antimetastatic effect of a combination of fulvestrant and the TLR4-specific inhibitor CLI-095 (TAK-242) on human NSCLC cells. METHODS The expression levels of ERβ and TLR4 were detected by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of 180 primary NSCLC and 30 corresponding metastatic lymph node samples. The association between ERβ and TLR4 expression was analyzed. The aggressiveness of NSCLC cells treated with fulvestrant, CLI-095 or the drug combination and formation status of their invadopodia, invasion-associated structures, were investigated. The protein levels in NSCLC cells in different groups were determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses. RESULTS Here, a positive correlation between ERβ and TLR4 expression was observed in both primary NSCLC tissue (Spearman's Rho correlation coefficient = 0.411, p < 0.001) and metastatic lymph node tissue (Spearman's Rho correlation coefficient = 0.374, p = 0.009). The protein levels of ERβ in NSCLC cell lines were decreased by fulvestrant, and this suppressive effect was significantly enhanced when fulvestrant was combined with CLI-095 (p < 0.05). Both the migration and invasion of NSCLC cells were suppressed by fulvestrant or CLI-095 alone, and the combination of fulvestrant + CLI-095 showed the strongest inhibitory effect (p < 0.05). In addition, the results demonstrated that CLI-095 also helped fulvestrant restrict the formation and function of invadopodia in NSCLC cells (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our study results suggested that CLI-095 enhances the antimetastatic effect of fulvestrant on NSCLC and provided support for further investigation of the antitumor activity of combined therapy with antiestrogen and anti-TLR4 agents in the clinic.
Collapse
|
31
|
PLA2G7/PAF-AH as protective factor and potential negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway in BRCA1 mutant ovarian cancer. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1718211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
32
|
Interaction of PAFAH and beta-catenin in BRCA1 mutant breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(20)30735-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
33
|
PIH1 Development and Validation of a Prediction MODEL on Severe Maternal Outcomes Among Pregnant Women with PRE-Eclampsia: A 10-Year Cohort Study. Value Health Reg Issues 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2020.07.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
34
|
851P PLA2G7/PAF-AH as protective factor and potential negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway in BRCA1 mutant ovarian cancer. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
35
|
[Recommendations for public health protection against flood disaster]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2020; 54:124-128. [PMID: 32074696 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Flood disaster is one of the most serious natural disasters in the world, and it could pose an inestimable impact on the affected people. Based on existing laws, regulations, and emergency manuals in China, extensive literature review, epidemiological and related protection evidence, and expert consultation, this study analyzed different health risk factors of flood disaster and proposed a multi-stage, multi-population, and multi-phase comprehensive protection measures for the public in the perspective of pre-event prevention, in-event intervention and post-event rescue strategy, which could provide a scientific basis for improving the level of public health protection against the flood disaster and corresponding health outcomes.
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
Enhancers, as the genomic non-coding sequences, play a key role in the activation of gene expression. They have been widely identified in the human genome. Pig is an important biomedical model for human health. Few studies have been performed to explore the enhancers in the pig genome. The human enhancer information may be useful to identify enhancers in the pig genome. In addition, the genetic background of pig traits could be useful to annotate human enhancers and diseases. Thus, in order to further study enhancers and their potential roles in human and pig, we developed a public database, ETph (Enhancers and their Targets in pig and human). ETph integrates the information on human enhancers, pig putative enhancers, target genes, pig QTL terms, human diseases, GO terms and the KEGG pathway. A total of 25 182 enhancers were identified in the pig genome using the human homology sequence information. Among them, 6232 high-confidence enhancers were used to build the ETph. ETph provides a convenient platform to search, browse and download data. Moreover, a web-based analytical tool was designed to visualize networks and topology graphs among pig putative enhancers, target genes, pig QTL traits and human diseases. ETph might provide a useful tool for researchers to investigate the genetic background of pig traits and human diseases. ETph is freely accessible at http://klab.sjtu.edu.cn/enhancer/.
Collapse
|
37
|
lncRNA HOXB-AS3 promotes hepatoma by inhibiting p53 expression. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2019; 22:6784-6792. [PMID: 30402841 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201810_16145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigate the mechanism of HOXB-AS3 in promoting the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS The expression of HOXB-AS3 in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues of hepatocellular carcinoma was detected by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and the relationship between the expression of HOXB-AS3 and tumor tissues was analyzed. The effects of HOXB-AS3 and p53 on cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by plate cloning experiment and flow cytometry. The binding relationship between HOXB-AS3 and DNMT1 and the regulation mechanism of DNMT1 on p53 were tested by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments, respectively. Western blot was used to detect the expression of p53 after knockdown of HOXB-AS3. The torsion experiment was performed to assess whether HOXB-AS3 regulated the proliferation and apoptosis of hepatoma cells by inhibiting p53 expression. RESULTS The results of qRT-PCR showed that the expression of HOXB-AS3 was significantly higher in cancerous tissues of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma than in adjacent tissues. The expression of HOXB-AS3 in patients in stage III and IV was significantly higher than that in stage I and II. Inhibition of HOXB-AS3 expression in liver cancer cells including Hep3B and LM3 could promote cell proliferation, inhibit cell apoptosis and induce cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. The results of RIP and ChIP experiments showed that HOXB-AS3 inhibited the expression of p53 by binding to DNMT1, and overexpression of p53 in Hep3B cells could partially reverse the changes in cell proliferation and apoptosis induced by HOXB-AS3. CONCLUSIONS Highly expressed HOXB-AS3 was confirmed to promote the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and inhibit apoptosis, and the mechanism was related to the regulation role of HOXB-AS3 in p53 expression by binding to DNMT1.
Collapse
|
38
|
Conserving the understudied invertebrates: a call for a systematic monitoring protocol for Asian horseshoe crabs in nursery habitats. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2019. [DOI: 10.3354/esr01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
39
|
miR-487b mitigates allergic rhinitis through inhibition of the IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2019; 22:8076-8083. [PMID: 30556842 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201812_16497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential effect of miR-487b/IL-33-ST2 axis on the pathology of allergic rhinitis (AR) and the relevant mechanism. PATIENTS AND METHODS The expression level of interleukin-33 (IL-33), a homolog of sulfotransferase (ST2), and miR-487b were detected in patients with or without allergic rhinitis. Luciferase assay was performed to evaluate the interaction between miR-487b and IL-33, and the effects of miR-487b/IL-33-ST2 axis on allergic rhinitis mice were determined by established allergic rhinitis model in mice by ovalbumin (OVA). The levels of OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (Ig-E), proinflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13), and pathological alterations were detected. RESULTS The level of IL-33 and its specific ligand ST2 were found increased in allergic rhinitis patients while miR-487b expression level was markedly repressed. To confirm whether miR-487b has a regulation effect on IL-33, we checked it in three publicly available algorithms, TargetScan, miRDB, and microRNA. We found that IL-33 is a direct target of miR-487b, and Luciferase assays confirmed our hypothesis, the subsequent experiments showed that up-regulation of miR-487b could inhibit expression of IL-33 and ST2, resulting in the decrease of the immunoglobulin E (Ig-E), proinflammatory cytokines and mitigation of pathological alterations. CONCLUSIONS Our research discovered the suppressor function of miR-487b in allergic rhinitis and revealed that miR-487b/IL-33-ST2 axis may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of allergic rhinitis.
Collapse
|
40
|
Polydatin protects H9c2 cells from hypoxia-induced injury via up-regulating long non-coding RNA DGCR5. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 52:e8834. [PMID: 31826181 PMCID: PMC6903803 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20198834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Polydatin (PD), a monocrystalline polyphenolic drug mainly found in the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum, has various pharmacological activities. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 5 (DGCR5) was found to participate in the suppression of multiple cancers. Here, we proposed to study the effect of PD on myocardial infarction (MI) by inducing DGCR5. CCK-8 assay was performed to detect the viability of H9c2 cells. Flow cytometry was utilized to test apoptosis of H9c2 cells. These results determined the optimal concentration and effect time of hypoxia as well as PD. Si-DGCR5 was transfected into cells and the expression level was determined by qRT-PCR. Western blot was utilized to evaluate the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, Bcl-2, Bax, and cleaved-caspase-3, as well as autophagy-associated proteins including Beclin-1, p62, and LC3-II/LC3-I. As a result, PD efficiently attenuated hypoxia-induced apoptosis and autophagy in H9c2 cells. The expression of DGCR5 was down-regulated by hypoxia and up-regulated by PD. Besides, knocking-down the expression of DGCR5 inhibited the protection of PD in H9c2 cells. In addition, PD up-regulated the accumulation of DGCR5, DGCR5 decreased the expression of Bcl-2 and p62, raised the expression of Bax and cleaved-caspase-3, and the proportion of LC3-II/LC3-I. PD stimulated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MEK/ERK signaling pathways via up-regulating the expression of DGCR5. Our data demonstrated that PD reduced cell apoptosis and autophagy induced by hypoxia in cardiomyocytes. Moreover, PD activated PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MEK/ERK signaling pathways by up-regulating the expression of DGCR5.
Collapse
|
41
|
Sleep architecture and comorbid sleep disorders in patients with bipolar affective disorder and recurrent depressive disorder. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
42
|
Characterization of 30 76 Ge enriched Broad Energy Ge detectors for GERDA Phase II. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2019; 79:978. [PMID: 31885491 PMCID: PMC6892349 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7353-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The GERmanium Detector Array (Gerda) is a low background experiment located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy, which searches for neutrinoless double-beta decay of 76 Ge into 76 Se+2e - . Gerda has been conceived in two phases. Phase II, which started in December 2015, features several novelties including 30 new 76Ge enriched detectors. These were manufactured according to the Broad Energy Germanium (BEGe) detector design that has a better background discrimination capability and energy resolution compared to formerly widely-used types. Prior to their installation, the new BEGe detectors were mounted in vacuum cryostats and characterized in detail in the Hades underground laboratory in Belgium. This paper describes the properties and the overall performance of these detectors during operation in vacuum. The characterization campaign provided not only direct input for Gerda Phase II data collection and analyses, but also allowed to study detector phenomena, detector correlations as well as to test the accuracy of pulse shape simulation codes.
Collapse
|
43
|
lncRNA CCHE1 increased proliferation, metastasis and invasion of non-small lung cancer cells and predicted poor survival in non-small lung cancer patients. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2019; 22:1686-1692. [PMID: 29630113 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201803_14581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lung cancer is common cancer worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of lung cancers. Thus, we studied whether long non-coding RNAs influence malignancy in NSCLC to discover new therapeutic targets for increasing the survival rate of NSCLC patients. lncRNA has been proven to be important in different cancer progression. In this study, we mainly focused on the role of lncRNA CCHE1 (cervical carcinoma high expressed 1) expressed PCNA regulatory lncRNA in NSCLC cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of CCHE1 in 126 cases of NSCLC tissue and adjacent tissue, and the clinical significance was also analyzed. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay was used to detect the proliferation ability of NSCLC cancer cell lines, and Western-blot was used to measure the expression of the protein when the expression of CCHE1 was suppressed. RESULTS We found that the CCHE1 was highly expressed in the NSCLC tissue, compared with the adjacent tissue. We also found that the expression of CCHE1 was closely related to the size and survival time of patients. Moreover, CCHE1 could promote the proliferation, metastasis, and invasion of NSCLC cell line via increasing the expression of ERK/MAPK signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS According to the results, we found that CCHE1 was closely related the progression of NSCLC, which could be a potential target for treating NSCLC.
Collapse
|
44
|
[Spatial distribution of cancer-related burden in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2013]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2019; 40:1262-1268. [PMID: 31658528 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2019.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the burden and to describe the characteristics of spatial distribution caused by malignant tumors among different administrative areas in Guangzhou from 2010- 2013. Methods: Based on data from the Cancer Registry system and population in Guangzhou in 2010- 2013, disability-adjusted life year (DALY) was assessed on the disease burden of cancer, in accordance with the method used in the Global Burden of Disease study. Results: The crude incidence rates of cancer appeared as 256.22/10(5) in 2010-2011 and 270.04/10(5) in 2012-2013, with the crude mortality rates as 143.17/10(5) and 148.01/10(5), respectively, in Guangzhou. Cancers caused 606 238.95 DALYs in 2010-2011 and 623 763.80 DALYs in 2012-2013 for both sexes and 37.63 and 37.81 person year per 1 000 persons, with the standardized DALY rates as 34.51‰, 34.00‰ respectively. Three administrative districts (Yuexiu, Haizhu and Liwan) were with the largest disease burden of cancers that accounted for 45% of the DALYs for the whole Conghua district, with liver cancer was the leading cancer on DALYs, and tracheal, bronchus and lung cancer ranked the first in the other districts. Conclusions: In Guangzhou, disease burden caused by cancers was both prominently seen in the newly developed urban area and the old districts. It remains an arduous task to continue programs on control and prevention of cancers in this city.
Collapse
|
45
|
[CD4(-)/CD8(-)/CD56(+)/TCRγδ(+) T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia presenting as aplastic anemia: a case report and literature review]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2019; 40:525-527. [PMID: 31340629 PMCID: PMC7342393 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
46
|
Application of Multiple Genetic Markers in Determination of Full and Half Sibling Relationship: A Case Report. FA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2019; 35:319-323. [PMID: 31282628 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objective To investigate the application of the comprehensive use of multiple genetic markers in full and half sibling relationship testing through the identification of a case of suspected sibling relationship. Methods Genomic DNA were extracted from bloodstain samples from 4 subjects (ZHANG-1, ZHANG-2, male; ZHANG-3, ZHANG-4, female). Autosomal STR loci, X-STR, Y-STR loci and polymorphisms of mtDNA HV-Ⅰ and Ⅱwere genotyped by EX20 STR kit, X19 kit, Data Y24 STR kit, and Sanger sequencing, respectively. Results According to autosomal STR based IBS scoring results, full sibling relationships were indicated among ZHANG-2, ZHANG-3 and ZHANG-4, but those were not indicated between ZHANG-1 and ZHANG-2 or ZHANG-3 or ZHANG-4. According to autosomal STR based FSI and HSI, with ITO method and discriminant function method, full sibling relationships among ZHANG-2, ZHANG-3 and ZHANG-4 were indicated, and half sibling relationships between ZHANG-1 and ZHANG-2 or ZHANG-3 or ZHANG-4 were also indicated. X-STR and mtDNA sequencing results showed that all the 4 samples came from a same maternal line, and Y-STR results showed that ZHANG-1 and ZHANG-2 did not come from a same paternal line, which supported the half sibling relationship between ZHANG-1 and ZHANG-2 or ZHANG-3 or ZHANG-4, verified by parental genotype reconstruction based on autosomal STR genotyping. Conclusion For the identification of sibling relationships, it is effective to have reliable results with the mutual verification and support of multiple genetic markers (autosomal STR, sex chromosomal STR and mtDNA sequence) and calculations (IBS, ITO, discriminant function method and family reconstruction).
Collapse
|
47
|
[Health-related quality of life and health-adjusted life expectancy among patients with chronic non-communicable diseases, in Guangdong province]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2019; 40:406-411. [PMID: 31006199 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To estimate the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) which were associated with chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in people from Guangdong province of China. Methods: Data on both NCDs prevalence and EuroQol-5 Dimensions-3 Levels measured HRQOL were gathered from the Fifth National Health Survey in Guangdong province, 2013. Logistic regression model and multiple linear regression model were employed to explore the impact of NCDs on HRQOL. Life expectancy (LE) and HALE were used to evaluate the comprehensive impact of chronic diseases on population health. Results: A total of 68 550 inhabitants were included in the analysis. Graded logistic regression showed that the impact of chronic diseases on all dimensions of quality of life was statistically significant after adjusting for social demographic characteristics. The greatest health impact was on the pain/discomfort health dimension [OR=4.48 (95%CI:4.20-4.77)], followed by anxiety/depression[OR=3.95 (95%CI: 3.62- 4.31)], daily activities [OR=3.69 (95%CI: 3.37-4.04)], mobility [OR=3.63 (95%CI: 3.34-3.94)]and ability on self-care [OR=3.30 (95%CI: 2.98-3.66)]. Losses of LE and HALE caused by NCDs were 12.7 and 14.6 years respectively while the overall expected gain was 3.8 years in HALE, when NCDs were taken away. Conclusions: Our data showed that NCDs had shortened the healthy life span of patients through reducing the HRQOL and also causing heavy disease burden on both patients with NCDs and the communities. Health-care related policies on NCDs need to be developed, for the elderly, in particular.
Collapse
|
48
|
Aircraft soot from conventional fuels and biofuels during ground idle and climb-out conditions: Electron microscopy and X-ray micro-spectroscopy. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 247:658-667. [PMID: 30711821 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Aircraft soot has a significant impact on global and local air pollution and is of particular concern for the population working at airports and living nearby. The morphology and chemistry of soot are related to its reactivity and depend mainly on engine operating conditions and fuel-type. We investigated the morphology (by transmission electron microscopy) and chemistry (by X-ray micro-spectroscopy) of soot from the exhaust of a CFM 56-7B26 turbofan engine, currently the most common engine in aviation fleet, operated in the test cell of SR Technics, Zurich airport. Standard kerosene (Jet A-1) and a biofuel blend (Jet A-1 with 32% HEFA) were used at ground idle and climb-out engine thrust, as these conditions highly influence air quality at airport areas. The results indicate that soot reactivity decreases from ground idle to climb-out conditions for both fuel types. Nearly one third of the primary soot particles generated by the blended fuel at climb-out engine thrust bear an outer amorphous shell implying higher reactivity. This characteristic referring to soot reactivity needs to be taken into account when evaluating the advantage of HEFA blending at high engine thrust. The soot type that is most prone to react with its surrounding is generated by Jet A-1 fuel at ground idle. Biofuel blending slightly lowers soot reactivity at ground idle but does the opposite at climb-out conditions. As far as soot reactivity is concerned, biofuels can prove beneficial for airports where ground idle is a common situation; the benefit of biofuels for climb-out conditions is uncertain.
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract PD6-05: Withdrawn. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-pd6-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This abstract was withdrawn by the authors.
Citation Format: Kehm RD, Phillips K-A, Daly MB, Andrulis IL, Liao Y, Ma X, Zeinomar N, MacInnis RJ, Dite GS, John EM, Buys SS, Milne RL, Hopper JL, Terry MB. Withdrawn [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD6-05.
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract P4-09-02: Validation of iPrevent using the prospective family study cohort (ProF-SC). Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p4-09-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: iPrevent (https://www.petermac.org/iprevent) provides women with highly-tailored risk management information after first estimating their breast cancer (BC) risk using the established risk prediction models, IBIS and BOADICEA. iPrevent has an internal switching algorithm that governs which model is used for each woman, depending on her risk factor data (i.e. LCIS/atypical hyperplasia status, BRCA status, and cancer family history). This study assessed the calibration and discriminatory accuracy of the 10-year BC risk estimates provided by iPrevent. Methods: Subjects were 16,574 women in the ProF-SC, aged 18-70 years and without BC or bilateral mastectomy at recruitment. After 10 years follow-up, 655 women (4%) were diagnosed with invasive BC. A “batch mode” for iPrevent is not available, so the iPrevent-assigned cumulative 10-year invasive BC risks were calculated by entering self-reported risk factors at cohort entry into either the IBIS (10,169 women) or BOADICEA (6,405 women) software packages (according to the iPrevent switching algorithm). To assess calibration, the mean iPrevent-assigned risk was compared with the mean 10-year observed invasive BC incidence, using a chi-squared goodness-of-fit statistic for the whole cohort, and by quartiles of risk. To evaluate discriminatory accuracy, the overall area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the development of invasive BC within 10 years was computed. Data were censored at date of invasive or in situ BC diagnosis, bilateral mastectomy, death, loss to follow-up, or at 10 years of follow-up. Results: For the whole cohort, iPrevent assigned risk was well-calibrated – 690 expected BCs (E) 655 observed (O) (E/O=1.05, 95% CI: 0.98-1.14), although for women in the highest risk quartile, i.e. >6% 10-year risk, E/O=1.19, 95% CI: 1.07-1.32. The AUC was 0.70, 95% CI: 0.68-0.72. Conclusions: iPrevent is well calibrated overall and has good discriminatory accuracy for predicting 10-year BC risk, thus justifying its clinical use.
Citation Format: Phillips K-A, Liao Y, Collins IM, Buchsbaum R, Weideman P, Bickerstaffe A, MacInnis RJ, kConFab Investigators, Cuzick J, Antoniou A, Andrulis IL, John EM, Daly MB, Buys SS, Hopper JL, Terry MB. Validation of iPrevent using the prospective family study cohort (ProF-SC) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-09-02.
Collapse
|