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[Computer-vision-based artificial intelligence for detection and recognition of instruments and organs during radical laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a multicenter study]. ZHONGHUA WEI CHANG WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY 2024; 27:464-470. [PMID: 38778686 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20240125-00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the feasibility and accuracy of computer vision-based artificial intelligence technology in detecting and recognizing instruments and organs in the scenario of radical laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Methods: Eight complete laparoscopic distal radical gastrectomy surgery videos were collected from four large tertiary hospitals in China (First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital [three cases], Liaoning Cancer Hospital [two cases], Liyang Branch of Jiangsu Province People's Hospital [two cases], and Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center [one case]). PR software was used to extract frames every 5-10 seconds and convert them into image frames. To ensure quality, deduplication was performed manually to remove obvious duplication and blurred image frames. After conversion and deduplication, there were 3369 frame images with a resolution of 1,920×1,080 PPI. LabelMe was used for instance segmentation of the images into the following 23 categories: veins, arteries, sutures, needle holders, ultrasonic knives, suction devices, bleeding, colon, forceps, gallbladder, small gauze, Hem-o-lok, Hem-o-lok appliers, electrocautery hooks, small intestine, hepatogastric ligaments, liver, omentum, pancreas, spleen, surgical staplers, stomach, and trocars. The frame images were randomly allocated to training and validation sets in a 9:1 ratio. The YOLOv8 deep learning framework was used for model training and validation. Precision, recall, average precision (AP), and mean average precision (mAP) were used to evaluate detection and recognition accuracy. Results: The training set contained 3032 frame images comprising 30 895 instance segmentation counts across 23 categories. The validation set contained 337 frame images comprising 3407 instance segmentation counts. The YOLOv8m model was used for training. The loss curve of the training set showed a smooth gradual decrease in loss value as the number of iteration calculations increased. In the training set, the AP values of all 23 categories were above 0.90, with a mAP of 0.99, whereas in the validation set, the mAP of the 23 categories was 0.82. As to individual categories, the AP values for ultrasonic knives, needle holders, forceps, gallbladders, small pieces of gauze, and surgical staplers were 0.96, 0.94, 0.91, 0.91, 0.91, and 0.91, respectively. The model successfully inferred and applied to a 5-minutes video segment of laparoscopic gastroenterostomy suturing. Conclusion: The primary finding of this multicenter study is that computer vision can efficiently, accurately, and in real-time detect organs and instruments in various scenarios of radical laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer.
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[Comparison of the efficacy of different surgical strategies in the treatment of patients with initially resectable gastric cancer liver metastases]. ZHONGHUA WAI KE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF SURGERY] 2024; 62:370-378. [PMID: 38548604 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20240126-00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the impact of varied surgical treatment strategies on the prognosis of patients with initial resectable gastric cancer liver metastases (IR-GCLM). Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. Employing a retrospective cohort design, the study selected clinicopathological data from the national multi-center retrospective cohort study database, focusing on 282 patients with IR-GCLM who underwent surgical intervention between January 2010 and December 2019. There were 231 males and 51 males, aging (M(IQR)) 61 (14) years (range: 27 to 80 years). These patients were stratified into radical and palliative treatment groups based on treatment decisions. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method and distinctions in survival rates were assessed using the Log-rank test. The Cox risk regression model evaluated HR for various factors, controlling for confounders through multivariate analysis to comprehensively evaluate the influence of surgery on the prognosis of IR-GCLM patients. A restricted cubic spline Cox proportional hazard model assessed and delineated intricate associations between measured variables and prognosis. At the same time, the X-tile served as an auxiliary tool to identify critical thresholds in the survival analysis for IR-GCLM patients. Subgroup analysis was then conducted to identify potential beneficiary populations in different surgical treatments. Results: (1) The radical group comprised 118 patients, all undergoing R0 resection or local physical therapy of primary and metastatic lesions. The palliative group comprised 164 patients, with 52 cases undergoing palliative resections for gastric primary tumors and liver metastases, 56 cases undergoing radical resections for gastric primary tumors only, 45 cases undergoing palliative resections for gastric primary tumors, and 11 cases receiving palliative treatments for liver metastases. A statistically significant distinction was observed between the groups regarding the site and the number of liver metastases (both P<0.05). (2) The median overall survival (OS) of the 282 patients was 22.7 months (95%CI: 17.8 to 27.6 months), with 1-year and 3-year OS rates were 65.4% and 35.6%, respectively. The 1-year OS rates for patients in the radical surgical group and palliative surgical group were 68.3% and 63.1%, while the corresponding 3-year OS rates were 42.2% and 29.9%, respectively. A comparison of OS between the two groups showed no statistically significant difference (P=0.254). Further analysis indicated that patients undergoing palliative gastric cancer resection alone had a significantly worse prognosis compared to other surgical options (HR=1.98, 95%CI: 1.21 to 3.24, P=0.006). (3) The size of the primary gastric tumor significantly influenced the patients' prognosis (HR=2.01, 95%CI: 1.45 to 2.79, P<0.01), with HR showing a progressively increasing trend as tumor size increased. (4) Subgroup analysis indicates that radical treatment may be more effective compared to palliative treatment in the following specific cases: well/moderately differentiated tumors (HR=2.84, 95%CI 1.49 to 5.41, P=0.001), and patients with liver metastases located in the left lobe of the liver (HR=2.06, 95%CI 1.19 to 3.57, P=0.010). Conclusions: In patients with IR-GCLM, radical surgery did not produce a significant improvement in the overall prognosis compared to palliative surgery. However, within specific patient subgroups (well/moderately differentiated tumors, and patients with liver metastases located in the left lobe of the liver), radical treatment can significantly improve prognosis compared to palliative approaches.
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In the anticipation of threat: Neural regulatory activity indicated by delta-beta correlation and its relation to anxiety. Biol Psychol 2024; 187:108769. [PMID: 38447860 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The anticipation of oncoming threats is emotionally challenging and related to anxiety. The current study aimed to investigate the neural regulatory processes during the anticipatory preparations in stressful situations in relation to trait anxiety, especially in an uncertainty-related stressful situation. To this end, we measured within-subjects delta-beta amplitude-amplitude correlation (AAC) and phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) with electroencephalography using a well-defined stress-inducing paradigm in 28 high-trait-anxiety (HTA) and 29 low-trait-anxiety (LTA) college students. Specifically, a threat probability task was conducted, where participants anticipated the future stimuli under the uncertain (i.e., an average of 50% electric shocks), certain (i.e., 100% electric shocks) and no threat conditions, as well as a resting state task. Results showed a generally larger delta-beta AAC in the LTA group relative to the HTA group across conditions, supporting the hypothesis that delta-beta AAC reflects the efficiency of stress regulation and trait anxiety could compromise this adaptive regulatory activity. Furthermore, a larger delta-beta PAC was found under the uncertain threat condition relative to the no threat condition, indicating the sensitivity of delta-beta PAC in reflecting state anxiety. These findings indicate that while delta-beta AAC is more related to trait anxiety and could distinguish between high and low trait anxiety irrespective of conditions, delta-beta PAC is more related to state anxiety and is sensitive enough to detect the uncertainty-related anxious state.
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Childhood Adversity and Emerging Psychotic Experiences: A Network Perspective. Schizophr Bull 2024; 50:47-58. [PMID: 37318106 PMCID: PMC10754171 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbad079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Childhood adversity is associated with a myriad of psychiatric symptoms, including psychotic experiences (PEs), and with multiple psychological processes that may all mediate these associations. STUDY DESIGN Using a network approach, the present study examined the complex interactions between childhood adversity, PEs, other psychiatric symptoms, and multiple psychological mediators (ie, activity-related and social stress, negative affect, loneliness, threat anticipation, maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation, attachment insecurity) in a general population, adolescent sample (n = 865, age 12-20, 67% female). STUDY RESULTS Centrality analyses revealed a pivotal role of depression, anxiety, negative affect, and loneliness within the network and a bridging role of threat anticipation between childhood adversity and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation. By constructing shortest path networks, we found multiple existing paths between different categories of childhood adversity and PEs, with symptoms of general psychopathology (ie, anxiety, hostility, and somatization) as the main connective component. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness and stability of the networks. Longitudinal analysis in a subsample with Wave 2 data (n = 161) further found that variables with higher centrality (ie, depression, negative affect, and loneliness) better predicted follow-up PEs. CONCLUSIONS Pathways linking childhood adversity to PEs are complex, with multifaceted psychological and symptom-symptom interactions. They underscore the transdiagnostic, heterotypic nature of mental ill-health in young people experiencing PEs, in agreement with current clinical recommendations.
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Distinct Effects of Anxiety and Depression on Updating Emotional Information in Working Memory. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:544. [PMID: 36612866 PMCID: PMC9819093 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety and depression have been shown to negatively influence the processing of emotional information in working memory. However, most studies have examined anxiety-related or depression-related working memory deficits independently, without considering their high co-morbidity. We tested the effects of emotional valence on working memory performance among healthy young adults with varying levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Ninety young adults aged between 18-24 (51 female) completed an emotional 2-back task in which positive, negative, and neutral images were presented. Multi-level modeling was used to examine anxiety and depressive symptoms as predictors of response accuracy and latency across the three emotional valence conditions. The results showed that participants responded to negative images with the highest accuracy and to positive images with the lowest accuracy. Both negative and positive images elicited slower responses than neutral images. Importantly, we found that more severe anxiety symptoms predicted a smaller difference in response accuracy between negative and neutral stimuli, whereas more severe depressive symptoms predicted a larger updating reaction time difference between positive and neutral stimuli. These findings demonstrated the uniquely anxiety-related deficits in processing negative contents and the uniquely depression-related deficits in updating positive contents in working memory, thus highlighting the necessity of novel cognitive bias modification interventions targeting the anxiety-specific and depression-specific deficits in working memory.
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Frequency-Tagging EEG of Superimposed Social and Non-Social Visual Stimulation Streams Provides No Support for Social Salience Enhancement after Intranasal Oxytocin Administration. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12091224. [PMID: 36138960 PMCID: PMC9496939 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12091224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The social salience hypothesis proposes that the neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) can impact human social behavior by modulating the salience of social cues. Here, frequency-tagging EEG was used to quantify the neural responses to social versus non-social stimuli while administering a single dose of OT (24 IU) versus placebo treatment. Specifically, two streams of faces and houses were superimposed on one another, with each stream of stimuli tagged with a particular presentation rate (i.e., 6 and 7.5 Hz or vice versa). These distinctive frequency tags allowed unambiguously disentangling and objectively quantifying the respective neural responses elicited by the different streams of stimuli. This study involved a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial with 31 healthy adult men. Based on four trials of 60 s, we detected robust frequency-tagged neural responses in each individual, with entrainment to faces being more pronounced in lateral occipito-temporal regions and entrainment to houses being focused in medial occipital regions. However, contrary to our expectation, a single dose of OT did not modulate these stimulus-driven neural responses, not in terms of enhanced social processing nor in terms of generally enhanced information salience. Bayesian analyses formally confirmed these null findings. Possibly, the baseline ceiling level performance of these neurotypical adult participants as well as the personal irrelevance of the applied stimulation streams might have hindered the observation of any OT effect.
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Expression and distribution of erythropoietin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor 2 in small intestine of yaks at different ages. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2022; 82:683-695. [PMID: 35692112 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2022.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to detect the expression and distribution of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2), and erythropoietin (EPO) proteins in small intestinal tissues of 50-day-old, newborn, and adult yaks. The results provide basic data for the study of the relationship between adaptability and age of plateau yak. MATERIALS AND METHODS Small intestine tissues from healthy adult, 50-day-old, and newborn yak were collected and embedded in paraffin sections. Histological features were observed by haematoxylin and eosin staining. The expression of VEGF, VEGFR-2, and EPO proteins were detected by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Immunohistochemical results showed that of the expression VEGF, VEGFR-2, and EPO were detected in the small intestinal villi of yaks at all ages. The EPO expression level in the jejunum and duodenal villous epithelial cells of newborn yaks was significantly higher than that of 50-day-old and adult yaks. The EPO expression level in ileum villous epithelial cells of 50-day-old yaks was significantly higher than that of newborn and adult yaks. VEGF expression in newborn yak ileum and jejunum epithelial cells of the intestinal villus were significantly higher than in the 50-day-old and adult. In the 50-day-old yaks, the duodenal intestinal villus epithelial cells expression levels were higher than in the adult and newborn yaks. The expression level of VEGFR-2 in the ileum, jejunum and duodenal villous epithelial cells of 50-day-old yak was significantly higher than in that of adult and newborn yak. CONCLUSIONS The expression and distribution characteristics of EPO, VEGF, and VEGFR-2 in yak intestinal tissues of different ages indicate that these proteins may be involved in the physiological regulation of yak intestines in hypoxic environments. It may be an important regulatory protein in yak adaptation to a high altitude and low oxygen environment.
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[Benefits and risks of prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stent in patients with stable coronary artery disease and diabetes]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2022; 50:458-465. [PMID: 35589594 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20220114-00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT>1 year) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and diabetes who were event-free at 1 year after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stent (DES) in a large and contemporary PCI registry. Methods: A total of 1 661 eligible patients were selected from the Fuwai PCI Registry, of which 1 193 received DAPT>1 year and 468 received DAPT ≤1 year. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event (MACCE) and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) type 2, 3 or 5 bleeding, MACCE was defined as a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction or stroke. Multivariate Cox regression analysis and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) Cox regression analysis were performed. Results: After a median follow-up of 2.5 years, patients who received DAPT>1 year were associated with lower risks of MACCE (1.4% vs. 3.2%; hazard ratio (HR) 0.412, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.205-0.827) compared with DAPT ≤1 year, which was primarily caused by the lower all-cause mortality (0.1% vs. 2.6%; HR 0.031, 95%CI 0.004-0.236). Risks of cardiac death (0.1% vs. 1.5%; HR 0.051, 95%CI 0.006-0.416) and definite/probable ST (0.3% vs. 1.1%; HR 0.218, 95%CI 0.052-0.917) were also lower in patients received DAPT>1 year than those received DAPT ≤ 1 year. No difference was found between the two groups in terms of BARC type 2, 3, or 5 bleeding (5.3% vs. 4.1%; HR 1.088, 95%CI 0.650-1.821). Conclusions: In patients with stable CAD and diabetes who were event-free at 1 year after PCI with DES, prolonged DAPT (>1 year) provides a substantial reduction in ischemic cardiovascular events, including MACCE, all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, and definite/probable ST, without increasing the clinically relevant bleeding risk compared with ≤ 1-year DAPT. Further well-designed, large-scale randomized trials are needed to verify the beneficial effect of prolonged DAPT in this population.
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When the approaching threat is uncertain: Dynamics of defensive motivation and attention in trait anxiety. Psychophysiology 2022; 59:e14049. [PMID: 35307851 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Uncertainty of threat has been linked to anxiety, but little is known about how neurophysiological responses change as uncertain threats approach and whether trait anxiety modulates these changes. The current study was designed to explore aspects of the dynamics of defensive motivation (startle reflex elicited by acoustic startle probes), attention (probe N100 component of event-related potentials elicited by acoustic startle probes), and autonomic nervous system activity (heart rate) when the approaching threat was certain or uncertain in a variant of the threat probability task. Behavioral results showed that high-trait anxious individuals reported higher levels of anxiety than low-trait anxious individuals only under the uncertain threat condition. Electromyographic data showed that high-trait anxious individuals tended to produce a more pronounced startle reflex, especially when the uncertain threat was proximal. This pattern was not observed in low-trait anxious individuals. By examining early attention engagement through probe N100, we observed a similar pattern in relation to defensive motivation. Moreover, under the uncertain threat condition, high-trait anxious individuals yielded a greater deceleration of heart rate than low-trait anxious individuals. These results indicate a distinct modulation effect of trait anxiety in the dynamics of defensive motivation, attention, and the autonomic nervous system during the anticipation of uncertain threats.
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MiR-16 inhibits proliferation of cervical cancer cells by regulating KRAS. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2021; 24:10419-10425. [PMID: 33155198 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202010_23393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the effects of micro ribonucleic acid (miR)-16 on the proliferation and apoptosis of cervical cancer (CC) cells and its related regulatory mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The downstream regulatory targets of miR-16 were analyzed based on the miRNA online database. HCC94 cells were selected as experimental objects. Subsequently, the cells were transfected with miR-16 mimic (miR-16 mimic group), miR-16 small interfering RNA (siRNA) (miR-16 siRNA group) and only Lipofectamine 2000 transfection reagent [blank control group and miR-16 normal control (NC) group]. The expression level of miR-16 in HCC94 cells was measured via quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining assay and flow cytometry were then conducted to detect the effects of miR-16 on the viability, proliferation and apoptosis of HCC94 cells, respectively. Additionally, the effect of miR-16 on the protein expression level of Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) in HCC94 cells was determined via Western blotting. RESULTS MiRNA online database analysis showed that KRAS was the downstream target of miR-16. Compared with miR-16 NC group, the viability and proliferation ability of HCC94 cells increased significantly in miR-16 siRNA group but decreased significantly in miR-16 mimic group (p<0.05). However, the apoptosis rate evidently declined in miR-16 siRNA group while increased remarkably in miR-16 mimic group (p<0.05). In addition, the protein expression level of KRAS in HCC94 cells was significantly higher in miR-16 siRNA group but significantly lower in miR-16 mimic group when compared with miR-16 NC group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS MiR-16 is lowly expressed in HCC94 cells. Moreover, highly expressed miR-16 represses the viability and proliferation of HCC94 cells and promotes their apoptosis by targeted regulation on KRAS.
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Clinical Study of Laparoscopy Combined with Choledochoscope in the Treatment of Cholecystolithiasis Combined with Choledocholithiasis. Indian J Pharm Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.spl.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Expression and distribution of HIF-1α, HIF-2α, VEGF, VEGFR-2 and HIMF in the kidneys of Tibetan sheep, plain sheep and goat. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2020; 79:748-755. [PMID: 32020576 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2020.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to detect the expression and distribution characteristics of five proteins (the hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha [HIF-1a], HIF-2a, vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], VEGF-2 receptor [VEGFR-2] and hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor [HIMF]) in kidney of Tibetan sheep, plain sheep and goat. The results will provide the basic information for the comparative study of sheep breeds living at different altitudes. MATERIALS AND METHODS The kidney tissues were collected from healthy adult Tibetan sheep, plain sheep and goats and made into paraffin sections. Histological characteristics were assessed by haematoxylin and eosin staining. Expressions of HIF-1a, HIF-2a, VEGF, VEGFR-2 and HIMF proteins were measured by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry results showed that the positive expression signals of HIF-1a, HIF-2a, VEGF and VEGFR-2 were detected in epithelial cells of renal tubules and collecting tubules, renal corpuscles in the kidneys of the three sheep breeds. Positive expression signals of HIMF were detected in epithelial cells of proximal tubules and distal tubules in Tibetan sheep and epithelial cells of distal tubules in goat. Immunostaining intensity of HIF-1a, HIF-2a, VEGF and VEGFR-2 proteins in Tibetan sheep was significantly higher than that in both plain sheep and goat (p < 0.05). Immunostaining intensity of HIMF in Tibetan sheep was higher than goat (p < 0.05). Positive expression signals of HIMF were not detected in plain sheep. CONCLUSIONS The expression and distribution characteristics of HIF-1a, HIF-2a, VEGF, VEGFR-2 and HIMF in the studied kidney tissues suggested that these proteins may be related to the physiological regulation of Tibetan sheep kidney in hypoxia environment, and therefore might be important regulating proteins for Tibetan sheep to adapt to high altitude hypoxia environment.
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Inactivation of airborne viruses using a packed bed non-thermal plasma reactor. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D: APPLIED PHYSICS 2019; 52:255201. [PMID: 32287389 PMCID: PMC7106774 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6463/ab1466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Outbreaks of airborne infectious diseases such as measles or severe acute respiratory syndrome can cause significant public alarm. Where ventilation systems facilitate disease transmission to humans or animals, there exists a need for control measures that provide effective protection while imposing minimal pressure differential. In the present study, viral aerosols in an airstream were subjected to non-thermal plasma (NTP) exposure within a packed-bed dielectric barrier discharge reactor. Comparisons of plaque assays before and after NTP treatment found exponentially increasing inactivation of aerosolized MS2 phage with increasing applied voltage. At 30 kV and an air flow rate of 170 standard liters per minute, a greater than 2.3 log reduction of infective virus was achieved across the reactor. This reduction represented ~2 log of the MS2 inactivated and ~0.35 log physically removed in the packed bed. Increasing the air flow rate from 170 to 330 liters per minute did not significantly impact virus inactivation effectiveness. Activated carbon-based ozone filters greatly reduced residual ozone, in some cases down to background levels, while adding less than 20 Pa pressure differential to the 45 Pa differential pressure across the packed bed at the flow rate of 170 standard liters per minute.
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Utility of Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Perfusion-Weighted MR Imaging and 11C-Methionine PET/CT for Differentiation of Tumor Recurrence from Radiation Injury in Patients with High-Grade Gliomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:253-259. [PMID: 30655259 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Both 11C-methionine PET/CT and DSC-PWI could be used to differentiate radiation injury from recurrent brain tumors. Our aim was to assess the performance of MET PET/CT and DSC-PWI for differentiation of recurrence and radiation injury in patients with high-grade gliomas and to quantitatively analyze the diagnostic values of PET and PWI parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-two patients with high-grade gliomas were enrolled in this study. The final diagnosis was determined by histopathologic analysis or clinical follow-up. PWI and PET parameters were recorded and compared between patients with recurrence and those with radiation injury using Student t tests. Receiver operating characteristic and logistic regression analyses were used to determine the diagnostic performance of each parameter. RESULTS The final diagnosis was recurrence in 33 patients and radiation injury in 9. PET/CT showed a patient-based sensitivity and specificity of 0.909 and 0.556, respectively, while PWI showed values of 0.667 and 0.778, respectively. The maximum standardized uptake value, mean standardized uptake value, tumor-to-background maximum standardized uptake value, and mean relative CBV were significantly higher for patients with recurrence than for patients with radiation injury. All these parameters showed a high discriminative power in receiver operating characteristic analysis. The optimal cutoff values for the tumor-to-background maximum standardized uptake value and mean relative CBV were 1.85 and 1.83, respectively, and corresponding sensitivities and specificities for the diagnosis of recurrence were 0.97 and 0.667 and 0.788 and 0.88, respectively. Areas under the curve for the tumor-to-background maximum standardized uptake value and mean relative CBV were 0.847 ± 0.077 and 0.845 ± 0.078, respectively. Combined assessment of the tumor-to-background maximum standardized uptake value and mean relative CBV showed the largest area under the curve (0.953 ± 0.031), with corresponding sensitivity and specificity of 0.848 and 1.0, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Both 11C-methionine PET/CT and PWI are equally accurate in the differentiation of recurrence from radiation injury in patients with high-grade gliomas, and a combination of the 2 modalities could result in increased diagnostic accuracy.
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Anticipation of Uncertain Threat Modulates Subsequent Affective Responses and Covariation Bias. Front Psychol 2018; 9:2547. [PMID: 30618968 PMCID: PMC6297831 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncertainty contributes to stress and anxiety-like behaviors by impairing the ability of participants to objectively estimate threat. Our study used the cue-picture paradigm in conjunction with the event-related potential (ERP) technique to explore the temporal dynamics of anticipation for and response to uncertain threat in healthy individuals. This task used two types of cue. While ‘certain’ cues precisely forecasted the valence of the subsequent pictures (negative or neutral), the valence of pictures following ‘uncertain’ cues was not predictable. ERP data showed that, during anticipation, uncertain cues elicited similar Stimulus-Preceding Negativity (SPN) to certain-negative cues, while both of them elicited larger SPN than certain-neutral cues. During affective processing, uncertainty enlarged the mean amplitude of late positive potential (LPP) for both negative and neutral pictures. Behavioral data showed that participants reported more negative mood ratings of uncertain-neutral pictures relative to certain-neutral pictures and overestimated the probability of negative pictures following uncertain cues. Importantly, the enlarged anticipatory activity evoked by uncertain cues relative to that evoked by certain-neutral cues positively modulated the more negative mood ratings of uncertain-neutral pictures relative to certain-neutral pictures. Further, this more negative mood ratings and the general arousal anticipation during anticipatory stage contributed to the covariation bias. These results can provide a novel insight into understanding the neural mechanism and pathological basis of anxiety.
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[Identification of Methamphetamine Abuse and Selegiline Use: Chiral Analysis of Methamphetamine and Amphetamine in Urine]. FA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2017; 33:599-603. [PMID: 29441766 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the content variation of selegiline and its metabolites in urine, and based on actual cases, to explore the feasibility for the identification of methamphetamine abuse and selegiline use by chiral analysis. METHODS The urine samples were tested by chiral separation and LC-MS/MS method using CHIROBIOTIC™ V2 chiral liquid chromatography column. The chiral analysis of methamphetamine and amphetamine were performed on the urine samples from volunteers of selegiline use and drug addicts whom suspected taking selegiline. RESULTS After 5 mg oral administration, the positive test time of selegiline in urine was less than 7 h. The mass concentrations of R(-)-methamphetamine and R(-)-amphetamine in urine peaked at 7 h which were 0.86 μg/mL and 0.18 μg/mL and couldn't be detected after 80 h and 168 h, respectively. The sources of methamphetamine and amphetamine in the urine from the drug addicts whom suspected taking selegiline were analysed successfully by present method. CONCLUSIONS The chiral analysis of methamphetamine and amphetamine, and the determination of selegiline's metabolites can be used to distinguish methamphetamine abuse from selegiline use.
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An epidemiological survey of echinococcosis in intermediate and definitive hosts in Qinghai Province, China. Trop Biomed 2017; 34:483-490. [PMID: 33593033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand the epidemiological status of alveolar and cystic echinococcosis in intermediate and definitive hosts in Qinghai Province, China, during the period 2007-2011, we investigated the infection in humans and animals, including yaks, Tibetan sheep, Tibetan dogs, and wild foxes distributed in different counties around the province. Sera from local residents were examined using a rapid serodiagnostic kit to detect specific antibodies against Echinococcus. Seropositive samples were confirmed with B-scan ultrasonography and X-ray examinations. Yaks and Tibetan sheep were checked at slaughterhouses, and cysts and suspicious lesions were collected for analysis. A rapid diagnostic strip was used to detect Echinococcus adults in Tibetan dogs. Positive dogs were dewormed and the parasites collected. Wild foxes were trapped and necropsies performed with particular attention to the intestine. Forty-eight of 735 (6.4%) humans tested were positive and 475 of 854 (55.6%) Tibetan sheep and 85 of 352 (24.15%) yaks were infected with Echinococcus. Across different counties, 214 of 948 (22.57%) Tibetan dogs were positive, and five of 36 (13.9%) wild foxes were infected with Echinococcus. Molecular studies showed that all the infections detected in humans, domestic yaks, and Tibetan sheep were the G1 genotype (E. granulosus), whereas the parasites from Tibetan foxes and Tibetan dogs were E. shiquicus and E. multilocularis, respectively. In conclusion, Echinococcosis is hyperendemic in Qinghai Province in both its intermediate and definitive hosts and the G1 genotype of cystic Echinococcus is the dominant strain.
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Beneficial effects of deep sea fish oil on diabetic mice neurological injury. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 63:45-48. [PMID: 28234624 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2017.63.1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Deep sea fish oil mainly includes polyunsaturated fatty acid, which is usually used as health products and applied for prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, there are only a few studies investigating the diabetes induced nerve injury till now. We established the diabetic model by using the 8-week old inbred male mice, and assumed that fish oil had a certain therapeutic effect on related neurosensory impairment and oxidative stress. Mice were divided into group A (diabetic mice induced by streptozotocin (STZ) and treated with fish oil), group B (diabetic mice) and group C (normal mice, without STZ treatment). The memory and exploration ability were evaluated and oxidation status of brain tissue was detected. Results indicated that memory and exploration ability of fish oil group A was significantly improved compared to diabetic group B (P<0.05), and equal to group C. The malondialdehyde (MDA) level of fish oil group A was decreased significantly and antioxidant level was increased significantly compared to diabetic group B (P<0.05), and equal to group C. In conclusion, deep sea fish oil could be used as auxiliary health care products, which plays important role in preventing and treating implications of nerve lesion impairment induced by diabetes mellitus.
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Implication de l’activation de la réponse intégrée au stress par la fragmentation du sommeil au cours de la grossesse dans l’émergence d’un profil dysmétabolique au sein de la progéniture. Rev Mal Respir 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2016.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Implication de l’activation de la réponse intégrée au stress par la fragmentation du sommeil au cours de la grossesse dans l’émergence d’un profil dysmétabolique au sein de la progéniture. Rev Mal Respir 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2016.10.871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Nicotine elevates sperm motility and inducesPfn1promoter hypomethylation in mouse testis. Andrology 2015; 3:967-78. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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A novel acrosomal protein, IQCF1, involved in sperm capacitation and the acrosome reaction. Andrology 2014; 3:332-44. [PMID: 25380116 DOI: 10.1111/andr.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of the unknown tags in the mature human sperm serial analysis of gene expression library constructed by our laboratory, some transcripts were cloned, including Iqcf1 (IQ motif containing F1). To investigate the function of sperm-retained Iqcf1 in spermatogenesis and fertilization of mice, we investigated the spatial and temporal expression of IQCF1. By using the (transcription activator-like effector nuclease) strategy, Iqcf1-knockout mice were produced, and the phenotypes of the Iqcf1(-/-) mice were analyzed. The results showed that IQCF1 was localized in the acrosome of spermatozoa and spermatids; the expression of IQCF1 in testes was associated with spermatogenic capacity. The Iqcf1(-/-) mice were significantly less fertile than the wild-type mice (p = 0.0057) because of reduced sperm motility (p = 0.0094) and the acrosome reaction (AR) (p = 0.0093). In spermatozoa, IQCF1 interacted with calmodulin (CaM) and possibly participated in the tyrosine phosphorylation of sperm proteins during capacitation. In conclusion, a newly identified acrosomal protein, IQCF1, is closely related to sperm capacitation and AR; in particular, it is involved in tyrosine phosphorylation of sperm proteins through interaction with CaM. Research into the function of IQCF1 during fertilization could facilitate the investigation of the molecular mechanism of capacitation, which is unclear.
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Network risk and forecasting power in phase-flipping dynamical networks. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 89:042807. [PMID: 24827293 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.89.042807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To model volatile real-world network behavior, we analyze a phase-flipping dynamical scale-free network in which nodes and links fail and recover. We investigate how stochasticity in a parameter governing the recovery process affects phase-flipping dynamics, and we find the probability that no more than q% of nodes and links fail. We derive higher moments of the fractions of active nodes and active links, fn(t) and fℓ(t), and we define two estimators to quantify the level of risk in a network. We find hysteresis in the correlations of fn(t) due to failures at the node level, and we derive conditional probabilities for phase-flipping in networks. We apply our model to economic and traffic networks.
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Cardiac rhabdomyomas associated with tuberous sclerosis complex in children. Herz 2014; 40:675-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00059-014-4078-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease of uncertain etiology that affects multiple tissues and organs. Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been used in lupus-prone mice with a regulatory effect on immune abnormality. Tetra-arsenic tetra-sulfide (As4S4), a traditional Chinese medicine, is effective on acute promyelocytic leukemia with mild side effects than ATO. In this study, a pilot study was performed to investigate the effects and the mechanism of As4S4 on the lupus-prone BXSB mice. Improvement of monocytosis (p<0.05) in spleen and decreased serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) (p=0.0277) were observed with As4S4 treatment. As4S4-treated mice exhibited amelioration of skin, liver and renal disease with mild side effects. Histological analysis revealed that As4S4 suppressed immune complex deposition, mesangial proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration in kidney and liver. Our study support that As4S4 selectively suppresses cutaneous lupus and nephritis in BXSB mice and might be a potential treatment for SLE.
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The multifunctional anti-inflammatory drugs used in the therapy of Alzheimer's disease. Curr Med Chem 2013; 20:2583-8. [PMID: 23590711 DOI: 10.2174/0929867311320200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation has recently been implicated as a critical mechanism in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Microglia are the resident immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS), and they mediate the inflammatory response in the AD brain. Thus, suppression of microglial activation and subsequent neuroinflammation may be a potential therapeutic approach against AD. In the following review, we briefly discuss the limitations and advantages of current drug targets for AD and then summarize several anti-inflammatory drugs in trial, including natural nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), polyphenols and new drugs synthesized based on multi-target directed ligand (MTDL) design. In addition to their anti-inflammatory effects, these drugs can act as anti-oxidants and reduce microglial activation or amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques. Thus, the studies focused on multiple factors in AD processes might reveal the best potential treatment strategy for the future.
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Increased menin expression associated with neural apoptosis in the frontal cortex of SIV infected macaques. J Neurol Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.1285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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First Report of Sweet potato leaf curl Georgia virus on Sweet Potato in China. PLANT DISEASE 2013; 97:1388. [PMID: 30722158 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-10-12-0967-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Begomoviruses infecting sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) are phylogenetically distinct from other members of the genus Begomovirus, and have been named "sweepoviruses" (1). Sweepoviruses cause sweet potato yield losses and cultivar decline, and have been found in China (1,3). In 2011, a survey was conducted to determine the incidence, genetic diversity, and distribution of sweepoviruses in China. Thirty sweet potato cuttings showing upward leaf curl, leaf roll, chlorosis, and stunting were collected from fields in Jiangsu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Shanxi, Henan, and Hebei Provinces. Five-leaf growth stage I. setosa plants were inoculated by side-grafting with scions from these samples, and grown in an insect-proof greenhouse in 20-cm-diameter clay pots. Each sample was grafted onto three replicate plants. Healthy, non-grafted I. setosa plants were used as the negative control treatment. Total nucleic acids were extracted from 100 mg fresh leaves harvested 30 days post-inoculation (dpi) from symptomatic and negative control plants using the Universal Genomic DNA Extraction Kit (TaKaRa, Dalian, China). Universal primers for amplification of Geminiviruses (BM-V [5'-KSGGGTCGACGTCATCAATGACGTTRTAC-3'] and BM-C [5'-AARGAATTCATKGGGGCCCARARRGACTGGC-3']) (2) were used to amplify the begomovirus A component by PCR assay. A DNA fragment of the expected size (2.8 kb) was obtained from grafted leaf samples of the Hebei Province plant, and was cloned into the pMD-19T vector (TaKaRa). The recombinant plasmid was transformed into competent cells of Escherichia coli strain JM109, and the inserted fragment sequenced. The nucleotide sequence obtained (GenBank Accession No. JX448368) was 2,785 nt long, and contained two open reading frames (ORFs) in the virion sense, and four ORFs in the complementary sense, similar to other monopartite begomoviruses (1). The sequence was compared with sequences in GenBank using BLAST. The results revealed the greatest nucleotide sequence identity, 90.8%, with that of the Sweet potato leaf curl Georgia virus (SPLCGV) from Georgia, United States (AF326775). The sequence also shared identities of <89% with other sweepoviruses, and was therefore designated SPLCGV-China: Hebei: 2011. Comparison of the complete genome sequence of SPLCGV-China: Hebei: 2011 with SPLCGV revealed an 18 nucleotide insertion between AV-1 and AC-3. The results confirmed that the sweet potato sample from which SPLCGV-China: Hebei: 2011 was obtained was infected with SPLCGV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the natural occurrence of SPLCGV in China. This study will assist with understanding the presence of this virus and genetic diversity of sweepoviruses in China. References: (1) H. P. Bi and P. Zhang. Arch. Virol. 157:441, 2012. (2) R. W. Briddon and P. G. Markham. Mol. Biotechnol. 1:202, 1994. (3) Y. S. Luan et al. Virus Genes 35:379, 2007.
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Sleep fragmentation promotes NADPH oxidase 2-mediated adipose tissue inflammation leading to insulin resistance in mice. Int J Obes (Lond) 2013; 38:619-24. [PMID: 23897221 PMCID: PMC3907464 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2013.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Short sleep has been implicated in higher risk of obesity in humans, and is associated with insulin resistance. However, the effects of fragmented sleep (SF) rather than curtailed sleep on glucose homeostasis are unknown. Methods Wild type and NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) null male mice were subjected to SF or sleep control (SC) conditions for 3 days-3 weeks. Systemic and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) insulin sensitivity tests, glucose tolerance test, FACS and immunohistochemistry for macrophages and sub-types (M1 and M2) and Nox expression and activity were examined. Results Here show that SF in the absence of sleep curtailment induces time-dependent insulin resistance, in vivo and also in vitro in VAT. Oxidative stress pathways were up-regulated by SF in VAT, and were accompanied by M1 macrophage polarization. SF-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and insulin resistance in VAT were completely abrogated in genetically altered mice lacking Nox2 activity. Conclusions These studies imply that SF, a frequent occurrence in many disorders and more specifically in sleep apnea, is a potent inducer of insulin resistance via activation of oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways, thereby opening the way for therapeutic strategies.
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Concomitant loss of EAF2/U19 and Pten synergistically promotes prostate carcinogenesis in the mouse model. Oncogene 2013; 33:2286-94. [PMID: 23708662 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Multiple genetic alterations are associated with prostate carcinogenesis. Tumor-suppressor genes phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (Pten) and androgen upregulated gene 19 (U19), which encodes ELL-associated factor 2 (EAF2), are frequently inactivated or downregulated in advanced prostate cancers. Previous studies showed that EAF2 knockout caused tumors in multiple organs and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) in mice. However, EAF2-knockout mice did not develop prostate cancer even at 2 years of age. To further define the roles of EAF2 in prostate carcinogenesis, we crossed the Pten+/- and EAF2+/- mice in the C57/BL6 background to generate EAF2-/-Pten+/-, Pten+/-, EAF2-/- and wild-type mice. The prostates from virgin male mice with the above four genotypes were analyzed at 7 weeks, 19 weeks and 12 months of age. Concomitant loss of EAF2 function and inactivation of one Pten allele induced spontaneous prostate cancer in 33% of the mice. Prostatic tissues from intact EAF2-/- Pten+/- mice exhibited higher levels of phospho-Akt, -p44/42 and microvessel density. Moreover, phospho-Akt remained high after castration. Consistently, there was a synergistic increase in prostate epithelial proliferation in both intact and castrated EAF2-/-Pten+/- mice. Using laser-capture microdissection coupled with real-time reverse transcription-PCR, we confirmed that co-downregulation of EAF2 and Pten occurred in >50% clinical prostate cancer specimens with Gleason scores of 8-9 (n=11), which is associated with poor prognosis. The above findings together demonstrated synergistic functional interactions and clinical relevance of concurrent EAF2 and Pten downregulation in prostate carcinogenesis.
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Diabetes - Experimental. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Simvastatin Reduces Expression and Activity of Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 in the Aorta of Hypercholesterolaemic Atherosclerotic Rabbits. J Int Med Res 2009; 37:1029-37. [PMID: 19761685 DOI: 10.1177/147323000903700407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) contributes to atherosclerotic plaque instability and subsequent sudden coronary death. Statins are associated with decreased stroke risk and may improve stability of atherosclerotic plaques. The present study investigated the effect of simvastatin on expression of Lp-PLA2 levels in atherosclerotic plaques and on Lp-PLA2 activity in atherosclerotic aortas. Rabbits were a fed chow (control group) or a high-cholesterol diet (atherosclerosis group) for 12 weeks. An additional group on the high-cholesterol diet received simvastatin (5 mg/kg per day) for the last 4 weeks (simvastatin group). Lp-PLA2 activity in plasma and atherosclerotic aortas was significantly higher in the atherosclerosis group than in the control group and, consistent with this, abundant Lp-PLA2 protein was detected in plaques in the atherosclerosis group. Simvastatin significantly reduced Lp-PLA2 activity in plasma and aorta tissue, and reduced Lp-PLA2 protein level in atherosclerotic plaques. Whereas there was no significant difference in total atherosclerotic lesion area between simvastatin and atherosclerosis groups, simvastatin significantly reduced macrophage content, lipid retention and the intima/media ratio but increased the content of smooth muscle cells in atherosclerotic lesions. Thus, statin treatment markedly reduced Lp-PLA2 in both plasma and atherosclerotic plaques. This was associated with attenuation of the local inflammatory response and improved plaque stability.
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Misguiding cues used by HIV to thwart protective immunity. Retrovirology 2006. [PMCID: PMC1716932 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-s1-s24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Testosterone induces apoptosis via Fas/FasL-dependent pathway in bone marrow-derived macrophages. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 28:283-93. [PMID: 16845445 DOI: 10.1358/mf.2006.28.5.990201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The detailed mechanisms behind the apoptosis of macrophages induced by testosterone are not clear. In the present study, we tried to delineate the effect of testosterone on the apoptosis of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) and the function of Fas/FasL (Fas ligand) pathway in this course. BMMs were stimulated with testosterone in the presence of macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) or without. Flow cytometry was used to quantify the apoptosis of BMMs. Real-time RT-PCR and Western blot were performed to analyze the expression of caspase-8, caspase-3, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) during the Fas/FasL pathway. Our data showed that testosterone could induce the apoptosis of BMMs, similar to removing growth factor M-CSF from the culture medium. They were both associated with the enhanced expression of caspase-8, caspase-3, and PARP. And the phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to fas-associated death domain protein (FADD) could block the expression of FADD, which is an upstream factor of caspase-8 in the Fas/FasL pathway. It led to the reduced obvious expression of caspase-8 and decreasing apoptosis of BMMs. These results suggest that the Fas/FasL pathway may play an important role in the testosterone-induced apoptosis of macrophages.
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Abstract
Acute hyperleukocytic leukemia [AHL; WBC count >100 x 10(9)/l] is associated with a life-threatening complication. The mechanisms of hyperleukocytosis in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) remain unclear. However, the interaction of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) plays an important role in the adhesion and migration of normal leukocytes and AML cells. Therefore, effects of ICAM-1 and LFA-1 were studied in hyperleukocytic AML. The adhesion of hyperleukocytic AML blasts and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was significantly increased compared with that of blasts from non-hyperleukocytic AML (WBC < 100 x 10(9)/l). The adhesion of normal neutrophils and HUVECs treated with hyperleukocytic AML blast supernatant was increased significantly. Finally, we determined the ICAM-1 on the surface of HUVECs treated with the supernatant of hyperleukocytic AML blasts and LFA-1 on hyperleukocytic AML blasts by flow cytometry. It showed that the ICAM-1 expression on the surface of the HUVECs treated with hyperleukocytic AML blast supernatant for 24 h could be increased, and the expression of LFA-1 on hyperleukocytic AML was also increased significantly. Our data show that hyperleukocytic AML blasts stimulate the endothelium to secrete more ICAM-1 and promote their own adhesion to vascular endothelium, suggesting that ICAM-1 and LFA-1 may have a role in hyperleukocytic AML.
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Testosterone induced Ca2+ influx in bone marrow-derived macrophages via surface binding sites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 27:623-8. [PMID: 16357946 DOI: 10.1358/mf.2005.27.9.939336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The biological activity of testosterone is thought to occur predominantly through binding to the androgen receptor (AR), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily that functions as a ligand-activated transcription factor. Here, we found that testosterone could induce a rapid rise in the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) of Fura-2 loaded bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs), which was found to be predominantly due to the influx of extracellular Ca2+ through Ni2+-blockable Ca2+ channels in the plasma membrane. However, these effects of testosterone could not be associated with the classical intracellular AR in BMMs, since AR was not detectable using different experimental techniques. Instead, it was found that testosterone could bind to the surface of BMMs by the use of an impermeable testosterone-BSA-FITC, and Ca2+ influx could also be induced by testosterone conjugated to BSA. Our data indicated a novel mode of direct action of testosterone on BMMs, which was not mediated through the classical AR response, but through the binding sites of testosterone on cell surfaces.
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Abstract
Raised risks of several cancers have been found in patients with type II diabetes, but there are few data on cancer risk in type I diabetes. We conducted a cohort study of 28 900 UK patients with insulin-treated diabetes followed for 520 517 person-years, and compared their cancer incidence and mortality with national expectations. To analyse by diabetes type, we examined risks separately in 23 834 patients diagnosed with diabetes under the age of 30 years, who will almost all have had type I diabetes, and 5066 patients diagnosed at ages 30–49 years, who probably mainly had type II. Relative risks of cancer overall were close to unity, but ovarian cancer risk was highly significantly raised in patients with diabetes diagnosed under age 30 years (standardised incidence ratio (SIR)=2.14; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22–3.48; standardised mortality ratio (SMR)=2.90; 95% CI 1.45–5.19), with greatest risks for those with diabetes diagnosed at ages 10–19 years. Risks of cancer at other major sites were not substantially raised for type I patients. The excesses of obesity- and alcohol-related cancers in type II diabetes may be due to confounding rather than diabetes per se.
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Estrogen, but not testosterone down-regulates cytokine production in nicotine-mediated murine macrophage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 27:311-6. [PMID: 16082418 DOI: 10.1358/mf.2005.27.5.893666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the effects of 17beta-estradiol (E2) and testosterone (Te) on the production of proinflammatory factors by nicotine-induced murine macrophage (Ana-1). Ana-1 pretreated with or without E2/Te was challenged with different doses of nicotine at various time points. TNF-alpha, IL-1beta IFN-gamma, and IL-8 in the supernatant of Ana-1 were detected using radioimmunoassay (RIA) or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The presence of estrogen and androgen receptors in Ana-1 was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. E2 could obviously suppress the expression of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta whereas Te could not. There were no obvious changes in the levels of either IL-8 or IFN-gamma in Ana-1 stimulated with nicotine or sex hormones (p>0.05). The antagonist tamoxifen of E2 abolished the effects of E2 on TNF-alpha and IL-1beta whereas the antagonist cyproterone of Te did not alter the effects of Te on Ana-1. Furthermore, RT-PCR and Western blotting showed that both the estrogen receptors (ER-alpha and ER-beta existed in Ana-1; however, androgen receptor (AR) was not detectable. Our data suggested that E2 could regulate the immunoreaction in the nicotine-induced inflammatory process possibly through classic intercellular ER, whereas Te had no significant effect in this process.
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Abstract
AIMS To investigate mortality in South Asian patients with insulin-treated diabetes and compare it with mortality in non South Asian patients and in the general population. METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted of 828 South Asian and 27 962 non South Asian patients in the UK with insulin-treated diabetes diagnosed at ages under 50 years. The patients were followed for up to 28 years. Ethnicity was determined by analysis of names. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated, comparing mortality in the cohort with expectations from the mortality experience of the general population. RESULTS SMRs were significantly raised in both groups of patients, particularly the South Asians, and especially in women and subjects with diabetes onset at a young age. The SMRs for South Asian patients diagnosed under age 30 years were 3.9 (95% CI 2.0-6.9) in men and 10.1 (5.6-16.6) in women, and in the corresponding non South Asians were 2.7 (2.6-2.9) and 4.0 (3.6-4.3), respectively. The SMR in women was highly significantly greater in South Asians than non South Asians. The mortality in the young-onset patients was due to several causes, while that in the patients diagnosed at ages 30-49 was largely due to cardiovascular disease, which accounted for 70% of deaths in South Asian males and 73% in females. CONCLUSIONS South Asian patients with insulin-treated diabetes suffer an exceptionally high mortality. Clarification of the full reasons for this mortality are needed, as are measures to reduce levels of known cardiovascular disease risk factors in these patients.
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Abstract
To the best of the authors' knowledge, there have been few reports on the effect of testosterone on the apoptosis of macrophages. In this report, we studied the effect of testosterone on the apoptosis of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) and the function of the Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) system in the process. Results showed that testosterone treatment in vitro at the physiological concentration of 10 nM did not induce the apoptosis of BMMs. However, BMMs underwent apoptosis when treated at higher concentrations of testosterone (100, 200 and 400 nM). Testosterone-induced apoptosis was associated with the enhanced expression of Fas, FasL, and caspase-8. These data suggest that the Fas/FasL system may play an important role in the testosterone-induced apoptosis of macrophages.
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Abstract
Dexras1 is a steroid hormone-induced Ras family G protein that acts as a receptor-independent activator of signaling by Gi/o family heterotrimeric G proteins. We examined the effects of Dexras1 on the activity of adenylyl cylase, a target of inhibitory regulation by Gialpha x GTP. Constitutively active Gsalpha (Q227L) increased cAMP levels 43-fold above baseline, and Dexras1 expression inhibited cAMP levels by 61% (P < 0.01). Dexras1 mediated inhibition of adenylyl cyclase was blocked by treatment pertussis toxin or by co-expression of RGS4, but was not inhibited by with dominant-interfering (G203T or G204A) mutants of Gi alpha2. Dexras1 decreased forskolin-stimulated CREB activation (P < 0.01) and this activity was also inhibited by co-expression of RGS4. These findings indicate that Dexras1 expression leads to ligand-independent activation of both Gialpha- and G(beta)gamma-dependent arms of the Gi signaling cascade, and suggest that Dexras1 may exert physiologically relevant inhibitory effects on the cAMP-PKA-CREB.
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Molecular basis of Fas and cytochrome c pathways of apoptosis induced by tartary buckwheat flavonoid in HL-60 cells. METHODS AND FINDINGS IN EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 2003; 25:431-6. [PMID: 12949627 DOI: 10.1358/mf.2003.25.6.769647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In a previous study, we showed that tartary buckwheat flavonoid (TBF) induced HL-60 leukemic cell apoptosis, most likely via a caspase 3 activating pathway. The aim of this study was to further investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in TBF-induced apoptosis of HL-60 cells. Thus, death receptor Fas expression on HL-60 cells was detected by flow cytometry (FCM). We also studied the effect of TBF on intranuclear DNA binding activity of NF-kappaB, as well as release of mitochondrial cytochrome c into the cytosol in HL-60 cells by FCM. The results suggest that TBF-induced apoptosis of HL-60 cells may be stimulated by the release of cytochrome c to the cytosol, upregulation of Fas expression on the cell surface, and through a caspase-3-dependent mechanism. Furthermore, TBF-induced apoptosis may be partly regulated through the inactivation of NF-kappaB in HL-60 cells. The induction of apoptosis by TBF may be attributed to its cancer chemopreventive activity.
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Testosterone inhibits apoptosis of Leishmania donovani-infected macrophages. ZHONGGUO JI SHENG CHONG XUE YU JI SHENG CHONG BING ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY & PARASITIC DISEASES 2003; 17:21-4. [PMID: 12563810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM Investigate the effect of the male sex hormone, testosterone (Te), on apoptosis of bone marrow derived macrophages (BMMs) from female C57BL/6j mice METHODS Propidium iodide (PI) staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques were used to investigate apoptosis specific-morphological changes. BMMs derived from Te-treated mice and Oil-treated mice were challenged with Leishmania donovani (L. d.), Oligo-nucleosomal DNA were extracted 24 h post infection to detect apoptosis. RESULTS The removal of M-CSF from the medium could induce BMM apoptofsis. And the DNA fragmentation assay also indicated that: 1. there was no difference in the amount of apoptotic cells between Te and Oil group; 2. Te + L. d. group had significantly less dead cells than Oil + L. d. group demonstrating that Te could prevent apoptosis of macrophage infected with L. d. to a greater extent. CONCLUSION Te inhibits apoptosis of the macrophages infected with L. d., however, this inhibition did not occur in the macrophages uninfected with L. d. Te-induced macrophage apoptosis-inhibition may play an important role in Te-induced immunosuppression.
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Effect of testosterone on Leishmania donovani infection levels of murine bone marrow derived-macrophages. ZHONGGUO JI SHENG CHONG XUE YU JI SHENG CHONG BING ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY & PARASITIC DISEASES 2002; 16:251-5. [PMID: 12078252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of the male sex hormone, testosterone (Te), on Leishmania donovani infection levels of bone marrow derived macrophages(BMMs) from female mice of strain C57BL/6J. METHODS After three weeks of Te-treatment, the BMMs were isolated, challenged with L. donovani at a ratio of 10 to 1 promastigotes per macrophage, and the infection levels of different time points were monitored by Giemsa staining. RESULTS BMMs from Te-treated mice had a significantly increased initial uptake(3 h post infection, P < 0.05) of promastigotes and carried heavier infection levels at all time points(24 h, 48 h, 72 h post infection, P < 0.01), compared with those from oil treated controls. CONCLUSION Te can increase L. donovani infection levels of BMMs, being possibly related to Te-induced immunosuppression.
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The effects of cigarette smoke extract on the endothelial production of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 are mediated through macrophages, possibly by inducing TNF-alpha release. METHODS AND FINDINGS IN EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 2002; 24:261-5. [PMID: 12168501 DOI: 10.1358/mf.2002.24.5.802302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) is a major risk factor for many human diseases, although the underlying mechanisms are not clearly understood. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of a water-soluble CS extract (CSE) on soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) production by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) mediated through ANA-1 macrophages. First, macrophages were incubated with or without CSE, and the supernatants collected at different time points were used to measure the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and sICAM-1 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); and second, HUVEC were cultured with CSE, a vehicle, or ANA-1 supernatants (collected at different time points) and the sICAM-1 levels in the supernatants were measured by ELISA at 24 h. The results showed that: i) CSE showed no effect on the production of sICAM-1 by HUVEC; ii) sICAM-1, in unstimulated or CSE-stimulated ANA-1 supernatants collected at different time points, was under the detectable level; iii) CSE-stimulated ANA-1 supernatants collected at 3 or 6 h showed no effect on sICAM-1 production in HUVEC, while those collected at 12 and 24 h significantly increased sICAM-1 production (p < 0.02 and p < 0.005, respectively); iv) no significant difference in TNF-alpha levels was detected between unstimulated and CSE-stimulated macrophage supernatants collected at 3 and 6 h, however, higher levels of TNF-alpha were found in CSE-stimulated supernatants collected at 12 and 24 h (p < 0.05 and p < 0.002, respectively); and v) a significant correlation (r = 0.9693, p < 0.001) was found between the levels of TNF-alpha in CSE-stimulated ANA-1 supernatants and those of related sICAM-1 production in HUVEC. These findings indicate that CSE indirectly increases the production of sICAM-1 in HUVEC by activating macrophages, which possibly induces the release of TNF-alpha from them, which in turn enhances the production of sICAM-1 from HUVEC.
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Testosterone and estradiol modulate TNF-alpha-induced expression of adhesion molecules in endothelial cells. METHODS AND FINDINGS IN EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 2002; 24:125-30. [PMID: 12087872 DOI: 10.1358/mf.2002.24.3.802295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Cytokine-activated endothelial expression of adhesion molecules plays an important role in immune responses. In the present study, we investigated the influences of testosterone and 17 beta-estradiol on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced expression of adhesion molecules in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). HUVEC were incubated with TNF-alpha, testosterone or 17 beta-estradiol separately, or in a combination of TNF-alpha plus testosterone or 17 beta-estradiol. The expression of E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was evaluated at 3, 6, 12 and 24 h following exposure by flow cytometric analysis. The results showed that although testosterone or 17 beta-estradiol did not affect the expression of these adhesion molecules in unstimulated HUVEC, both of them transiently increased the expression of E-selectin and VCAM-1 in TNF-alpha stimulated HUVEC. Neither testosterone nor 17 beta-estradiol affected the expression of ICAM-1 induced by TNF-alpha. It is concluded that both testosterone and 17 beta-estradiol increase TNF-alpha-induced expression of E-selectin and VCAM-1 in endothelial cells and these facts might indicate a mechanism by which gonadal hormones can indirectly enhance immune responses.
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[The impact of arsenic trioxide or all-trans retinoic acid treatment on coagulopathy in acute promyelocytic leukemia]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2001; 40:829-33. [PMID: 16206674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) or all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on coagulopathy in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), and the mechanism of hemorrhage in these patients. METHODS Thrombomodulin (TM) or tissue factor (TF) transcription of mRNA of freshly isolated bone marrow blast from APL patients was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The parameters of coagulation and cell procoagulation activity (PCA) were assessed in plasmic levels. Bleeding symptom was observed during As2O3 or ATRA treatment. RESULTS TM expression in the APL cell surface was significantly upregulated from (14.31 +/- 1.60) ng/10(7) to (21.61 +/- 6.82) ng/10(7) cells. The levels of P-selectin, soluble fibrin monomer complex (SFMC) and D-dimer (D-D) decreased after ATRA or As2O3 treatment. Abnormal high expression of TF in APL cell was downregulated in patients treated with ATRA or As2O3. The expression level was (14.81 +/- 6.23) ng/L before treatment, but undetected after 20 days of treatment. In addition, the membrane PCA of fresh APL cells was predominantly FVII-dependent after ATRA or As2O3 treatment. Bleeding symptom was ameliorated during As2O3 or ATRA treatment. CONCLUSION Bleeding symptom was controlled in patients with APL after As2O3 or ATRA treatment.
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[Expression and significance of serum soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-I in patients with head and neck neoplasm]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU KE ZA ZHI 2001; 36:468-70. [PMID: 12761967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression and significance of serum soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-I (sTNFR-I) in patients with head and neck neoplasms. METHOD The study was undertaken to detect serum sTNFR-I levels in 160 head neck cancer patients (including 12 cases of malignant lymphoma, 62 nasopharyngeal cancer, 56 laryngeal cancer, 22 hypopharyngeal cancer, 3 maxillary cancer and 5 thyrophyma), using Sandwich enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay. RESULTS The sTNFR-I levels were significantly higher in patients with carcinoma than those of healthy controls (P < 0.01). The sTNFR-I levels of malignant lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma were the highest among patients with head and neck neoplasm. The correlations between the serum sTNFR-I levels and the stages of head and neck neoplasms and other laboratory parameters were also analyzed and discussed. CONCLUSION The serum sTNFR-I levels may reflect the human immunity function, therefore it can be used as a helpful indicator to evaluate the therapeutic effect and monitor the relapses and metastasis of cancer.
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