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Oh T, Kim G, Baek SH, Woo Y, Koo BS, Hwang EH, Shim K, An YJ, Kim Y, Park JH, Hong JJ. Comparative spatial transcriptomic profiling of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Delta and Omicron variants infections in the lungs of cynomolgus macaques. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28847. [PMID: 37272485 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variants are generally less pathogenic than previous strains. However, elucidating the molecular basis for pulmonary immune response alterations is challenging owing to the virus's heterogeneous distribution within complex tissue structure. Here, we revealed the spatial transcriptomic profiles of pulmonary microstructures at the SARS-CoV-2 infection site in the nine cynomolgus macaques upon inoculation with the Delta and Omicron variants. Delta- and Omicron-infected lungs had upregulation of genes involved in inflammation, cytokine response, complement, cell damage, proliferation, and differentiation pathways. Depending on the tissue microstructures (alveoli, bronchioles, and blood vessels), there were differences in the types of significantly upregulated genes in each pathway. Notably, a limited number of genes involved in cytokine and cell damage response were differentially expressed between bronchioles of the Delta- and Omicron-infection groups. These results indicated that despite a significant antigenic shift in SARS-CoV-2, the host immune response mechanisms induced by the variants were relatively consistent, with limited transcriptional alterations observed only in large airways. This study may aid in understanding the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and developing a clinical strategy for addressing immune dysregulation by identifying potential transcriptional biomarkers within pulmonary microstructures during infection with emerging variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taehwan Oh
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), National Primate Research Centre, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Green Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), National Primate Research Centre, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Baek
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), National Primate Research Centre, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - YoungMin Woo
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), National Primate Research Centre, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk, Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon-Sang Koo
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), National Primate Research Centre, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ha Hwang
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), National Primate Research Centre, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuyoung Shim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), National Primate Research Centre, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk, Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - You Jung An
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), National Primate Research Centre, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), National Primate Research Centre, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hak Park
- KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Joo Hong
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), National Primate Research Centre, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk, Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee KR, Chae SH, Kim MJ, Chae YJ, Lee MY, Lee CW, Kang JS, Yoon WK, Won YS, Lee K, Moon OS, Kim YK, Kim HC. Determination of Penicillium griseofulvum-oriented pyripyropene A, a selective inhibitor of acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase 2, in mouse plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and its application to pharmacokinetic studies. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4388. [PMID: 30238481 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a method for the determination of Penicillium griseofulvum-oriented pyripyropene A (PPPA), a selective inhibitor of acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase 2, in mouse and human plasma and validated it using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Pyripyropene A (PPPA) and an internal standard, carbamazepine, were separated using a Xterra MS C18 column with a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid as the mobile phase. The ion transitions monitored in positive-ion mode [M + H]+ of multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) were m/z 148.0 from m/z 584.0 for PPPA and m/z 194.0 from m/z 237.0 for the internal standard. The detector response was specific and linear for PPPA at concentrations within the range from 1 to 5,000 ng/mL. The intra-/inter-day precision and accuracy of the method was acceptable by the criteria for assay validation. The matrix effects of PPPA ranged from 97.6 to 104.2% and from 93.3 to 105.3% in post-preparative mouse and human plasma samples, respectively. PPPA was also stable under various processing and/or handling conditions. Finally, PPPA concentrations in the mouse plasma samples could be measured after intravenous, intraperitoneal, or oral administration of PPPA, suggesting that the assay is useful for pharmacokinetic studies on mice and applicable to human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Ryoon Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Song-Hee Chae
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Yoon-Jee Chae
- CKD Research Institute, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Yeol Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Chang Woo Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Jong Soon Kang
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Won-Kee Yoon
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Young-Suk Won
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Kihoon Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Og-Sung Moon
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Young-Kook Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chin Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
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