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Lee JY, Rahman FU, Kim EK, Cho SM, Kim HR, Lee K, Lee CS, Yoon WK, Moon OS, Seo YW, Won YS, Kim HC, Kim BH, Nam KH. Importin-11 is Essential for Normal Embryonic Development in Mice. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:815-823. [PMID: 32218703 PMCID: PMC7085267 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.40697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Importin-11 (Ipo11) is a novel member of the human importin family of transport receptors (karyopherins), which are known to mediate the nucleocytoplasmic transport of protein and RNA cargos. Despite its role in the transport of protein, we found that knockout of Ipo11 nuclear import factor affects normal embryonic development and govern embryo-lethal phenotypes in mice. In this study, we for the first time produced a mouse line containing null mutation in Ipo11 gene utilized by gene trapping. The Ipo11-/- embryos showed an embryonic lethal phenotype. The Ipo11-/- embryos showed a reduced size at embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5) when compared with Ipo11+/+ or Ipo11+/- embryos and died by E11.5. Whereas Ipo11+/- mice were healthy and fertile, and there was no detectable changes in embryonic lethality and phenotype when reviewed. In the X-gal staining with the Ipo11-/- or Ipo11+/- embryos, strong X-gal staining positivity was detected systematically in the whole mount embryos at E10.5, although almost no X-gal positivity was detected at E9.5, indicating that the embryos die soon after the process of Ipo11 expression started. These results indicate that Ipo11 is essential for the normal embryonic development in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Young Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea.,Department of Public Health, College of Natural Science, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, Korea
| | - Faiz Ur Rahman
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyeung Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Sang-Mi Cho
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Hae-Rim Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Kihoon Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Chin-Soo Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Won-Kee Yoon
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Ok-Sung Moon
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Young-Won Seo
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Young-Suk Won
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chin Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Bae-Hwan Kim
- Department of Public Health, College of Natural Science, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, Korea
| | - Ki-Hoan Nam
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
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Lee KR, Chae SH, Kim MJ, Chae YJ, Lee MY, Lee CW, Kang JS, Yoon WK, Won YS, Lee K, Moon OS, Kim YK, Kim HC. Determination of Penicillium griseofulvum-oriented pyripyropene A, a selective inhibitor of acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase 2, in mouse plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and its application to pharmacokinetic studies. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4388. [PMID: 30238481 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a method for the determination of Penicillium griseofulvum-oriented pyripyropene A (PPPA), a selective inhibitor of acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase 2, in mouse and human plasma and validated it using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Pyripyropene A (PPPA) and an internal standard, carbamazepine, were separated using a Xterra MS C18 column with a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid as the mobile phase. The ion transitions monitored in positive-ion mode [M + H]+ of multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) were m/z 148.0 from m/z 584.0 for PPPA and m/z 194.0 from m/z 237.0 for the internal standard. The detector response was specific and linear for PPPA at concentrations within the range from 1 to 5,000 ng/mL. The intra-/inter-day precision and accuracy of the method was acceptable by the criteria for assay validation. The matrix effects of PPPA ranged from 97.6 to 104.2% and from 93.3 to 105.3% in post-preparative mouse and human plasma samples, respectively. PPPA was also stable under various processing and/or handling conditions. Finally, PPPA concentrations in the mouse plasma samples could be measured after intravenous, intraperitoneal, or oral administration of PPPA, suggesting that the assay is useful for pharmacokinetic studies on mice and applicable to human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Ryoon Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Song-Hee Chae
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Yoon-Jee Chae
- CKD Research Institute, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Yeol Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Chang Woo Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Jong Soon Kang
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Won-Kee Yoon
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Young-Suk Won
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Kihoon Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Og-Sung Moon
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Young-Kook Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chin Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, South Korea
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Kim HR, Rahman FU, Kim KS, Kim EK, Cho SM, Lee K, Moon OS, Seo YW, Yoon WK, Won YS, Kang H, Kim HC, Nam KH. Critical Roles of E2F3 in Growth and Musculo-skeletal Phenotype in Mice. Int J Med Sci 2019; 16:1557-1563. [PMID: 31839743 PMCID: PMC6909802 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.39068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
E2F3, a member of the E2F family, plays a critical role in cell cycle and proliferation by targeting downstream, retinoblastoma (RB) a tumor suppressor family protein. The purpose of this study, was to investigate the role and function of E2F3 in vivo. We examined phenotypic abnormalities, by deletion of the E2f3 gene in mice. Complete ablation of the E2F3 was fully penetrant, in the pure C57BL/6N background. The E2f3+/ - mouse embryo developed normally without fatal disorder. However, they exhibited reduced body weight, growth retardation, skeletal imperfection, and poor grip strength ability. Findings suggest that E2F3 has a pivotal role in muscle and bone development, and affect normal mouse growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Rim Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Faiz Ur Rahman
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Kwang-Soo Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea.,Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Seodong-daero 4726, Gyeonggi 17546, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyeung Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Sang-Mi Cho
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Kihoon Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Ok-Sung Moon
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Young-Won Seo
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Won-Kee Yoon
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Young-Suk Won
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Hoyoung Kang
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chin Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Ki-Hoan Nam
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yeonjudanji-ro 30, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
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Byun YS, Kim EK, Araki K, Yamamura KI, Lee K, Yoon WK, Won YS, Kim HC, Choi KC, Nam KH. Fryl deficiency is associated with defective kidney development and function in mice. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2018; 243:408-417. [PMID: 29409347 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218758249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
FRY like transcription coactivator ( Fryl) gene located on chromosome 5 is a paralog of FRY microtubule binding protein ( Fry) in vertebrates. It encodes a protein with unknown functions. Fryl gene is conserved in various species ranging from eukaryotes to human. Although there are several reports on functions of Fry gene, functions of Fryl gene remain unclear. A mouse line containing null mutation in Fryl gene by gene trapping was produced in this study for the first time. The survival and growth of Fryl-/- mice were observed. Fryl gene expression levels in mouse tissues were determined and histopathologic analyses were conducted. Most Fryl-/- mice died soon after birth. Rare Fryl-/- survivors showed growth retardation with significantly lower body weight compared to their littermate controls. Although they could breed, more than half of Fryl-/- survivors died of hydronephrosis before age 1. No abnormal histopathologic lesion was apparent in full-term embryo or adult tissues except the kidney. Abnormal lining cell layer detachments from walls of collecting and convoluted tubules in kidneys were apparent in Fryl-/- neonates and full-term embryos. Fryl gene was expressed in renal tubular tissues including the glomeruli and convoluted and collecting tubules. This indicates that defects in tubular systems are associated with Fryl functions and death of Fryl-/- neonates. Fryl protein is required for normal development and functional maintenance of kidney in mice. This is the first report of in vivo Fryl gene functions. Impact statement FRY like transcription coactivator ( Fryl) gene is conserved in various species ranging from eukaryotes to human. It expresses a protein with unknown function. We generated a Fryl gene mutant mouse line and found that most homozygous mice died soon after their birth. Rare Fryl-/- survivors showed growth retardation with significantly lower body weight compared to their littermate controls. Although they could breed, more than half of Fryl-/- survivors died of hydronephrosis before age 1. Full-term mutant embryos showed abnormal collecting and convoluted tubules in kidneys where Fryl gene was expressed. Collectively, these results indicate that Fryl protein is required for normal development and functional maintenance of kidney in mice. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on in vivo Fryl gene functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Sub Byun
- 1 Laboratory Animal Resource Center, 204180 Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Chungbuk 28116, Korea
- 2 Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 28644, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyoung Kim
- 1 Laboratory Animal Resource Center, 204180 Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Kimi Araki
- 3 Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamamura
- 3 Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Kihoon Lee
- 1 Laboratory Animal Resource Center, 204180 Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Won-Kee Yoon
- 1 Laboratory Animal Resource Center, 204180 Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Young-Suk Won
- 1 Laboratory Animal Resource Center, 204180 Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chin Kim
- 1 Laboratory Animal Resource Center, 204180 Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- 2 Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 28644, Korea
| | - Ki-Hoan Nam
- 1 Laboratory Animal Resource Center, 204180 Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Chungbuk 28116, Korea
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Lee IC, Ko JW, Lee SM, Kim SH, Shin IS, Moon OS, Yoon WK, Kim HC, Kim JC. Time-course and molecular mechanism of hepatotoxicity induced by 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol in rats. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2015; 40:191-198. [PMID: 26143167 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the time-course of 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (1,3-DCP)-induced hepatotoxicity and the molecular mechanism of its oxidative stress and apoptotic changes in rats. Thirty-six male rats were randomly assigned to six groups of six rats each and were administered a single oral dose of 1,3-DCP (90 mg/kg) or its vehicle. 1,3-DCP caused acute hepatic damage, as evidenced by marked increases in serum aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and histopathological alterations. These functional and histopathological changes in the liver peaked at 12h after administration and then decreased progressively. Oxidative stress indices were increased significantly at 6h, peaked at 12h, and then decreased progressively. The number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)- and caspase-3-positive cells increased after 6h, peaked at 12 and 24h, and then decreased. The protein levels of phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) including p-Erk1/2 and p-JNK showed a similar trend to the numbers of TUNEL- and caspase-3-positive cells. These results indicate that 1,3-DCP increases oxidative stress, nuclear translocation of Nrf2, and expression of Nrf2-targeted genes, followed by increased functional and histopathological alterations in the liver. The increase in hepatocellular apoptosis induced by 1,3-DCP may be related to oxidative stress-mediated MAPK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Chul Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Won Ko
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Min Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea; Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeonbuk 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sik Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Og-Sung Moon
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Kee Yoon
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chin Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Choon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
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Kwon HJ, Hong SK, Yoon WK, Nam KH, Choi IP, Kim DY, Kim HC, Won YS. Vitamin D3 up-regulated protein 1 controls the priming phase of liver regeneration. J Vet Sci 2013; 14:257-62. [PMID: 23820201 PMCID: PMC3788150 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2013.14.3.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D3 up-regulated protein 1 (VDUP1) is a potent growth suppressor that inhibits tumor cell proliferation and cell cycle progression when overexpressed. In a previous study, we showed that VDUP1 knockout (KO) mice exhibited accelerated liver regeneration because such animals could effectively control the expression of cell cycle regulators that drive the G1-to-S phase progression. In the present study, we further investigated the role played by VDUP1 in initial priming of liver regeneration. To accomplish this, VDUP1 KO and wild-type (WT) mice were subjected to 70% partial hepatectomy (PH) and sacrificed at different times after surgery. The hepatic levels of TNF-α and IL-6 increased after PH, but there were no significant differences between VDUP1 KO and WT mice. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT-3) were activated much earlier and to a greater extent in VDUP1 KO mice after PH. A single injection of TNF-α or IL-6 caused rapid activation of JNK and STAT-3 expression in both mice, but the responses were stronger and more sustained in VDUP1 KO mice. In conclusion, our findings provide evidence that VDUP1 plays a role in initiation of liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jung Kwon
- Biomedical Mouse Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungbuk 363-883, Korea
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Yoon WK, Choi R, Lee SG, Hyun C. Comparison of 2 retrieval devices for heartworm removal in 52 dogs with heavy worm burden. J Vet Intern Med 2013; 27:469-73. [PMID: 23600618 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Revised: 01/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For treating dogs with heavy heartworm infection, mechanical removal using various retrieval devices is useful. However, the efficacy and safety of retrieval devices have rarely been studied. HYPOTHESIS Catheter-based heartworm removal using 2 retrieval devices (basket and tripod grasping forceps) is efficient and safe for treating dogs with heavy worm burden. ANIMALS Fifty-two client-owned dogs with heavy (Class III and IV) worm burden. METHODS A retrospective study was performed on 52 dogs, using a catheter-based heartworm removal approach using 2 types of retrieval devices (ie, the basket and the tripod grasping forceps). The efficacy and complications associated with the 2 devices were assessed. RESULTS The basket device was used on 22 of the study group dogs, and the tripod grasping forceps was used on 30 of the dogs. The postoperative survival rate was 95.5% for the basket device and 80% for the tripod grasping forceps, but the difference was not statistically significant. The worm number captured per attempt was 3.5 ± 1.7 using the basket device and 1.9 ± 0.85 for the tripod grasping forceps (P < .05). Various complications associated with heartworm removal were noticed with both retrieval devices. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE This study suggests that catheter-based heartworm removal is not only a relatively safe and efficient therapeutic method in dogs with heavy worm burden, but more efficient using the basket device. Our data do not indicate a clear safety advantage between the 2 devices evaluated, although the survival rate was numerically higher in dogs undergoing a basket intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- W K Yoon
- Section of Small Animal Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 201-100, Korea
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Baek HS, Kim SH, Lee IC, Kang SS, Yoo JC, Yoon WK, Kim YK, Kim HC, Kim JC. Anti-obesity and anti-lipidemic effects of linalool in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. J Biomed Res 2012. [DOI: 10.12729/jbr.2012.13.3.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Kwon HJ, Won YS, Nam KT, Yoon YD, Jee H, Yoon WK, Nam KH, Kang JS, Han SU, Choi IP, Kim DY, Kim HC. Vitamin D₃ upregulated protein 1 deficiency promotes N-methyl-N-nitrosourea and Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric carcinogenesis in mice. Gut 2012; 61:53-63. [PMID: 21917648 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2011-300361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vitamin D(3) upregulated protein 1 (VDUP1) is a potent tumour suppressor whose expression is dramatically reduced in various types of human cancers, including gastric cancer. However, the precise mechanisms underlying tumour development remain unclear. In the present study, the authors examined the effect of VDUP1 on Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric carcinogenesis in mice. DESIGN Gastric cancer was generated in VDUP1 knockout (KO) and wild-type mice using a combination of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea treatment and H pylori infection. Fifty weeks after treatment, gastric tissues from both types of mice were examined by histopathology, immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. In vitro tests on the human gastric cancer cell line, AGS, were also performed to identify the underlying mechanisms of cancer development. RESULTS The overall incidence of gastric cancer was significantly higher in VDUP1 KO mice than in wild-type mice. Similarly, VDUP1 KO mice showed more severe chronic gastritis, glandular atrophy, foveolar hyperplasia, metaplasia and dysplasia. Although no differences in the apoptotic index were apparent, lack of VDUP1 increased the rate of gastric epithelial cell proliferation in non-cancerous stomachs, with corresponding increases in tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) level, nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. An in vitro study showed that H pylori-associated cell proliferation and induction of TNFα, NF-κB and COX-2 were inhibited in cells transfected with VDUP1. In addition, overexpression of VDUP1 in AGS cells suppressed TNFα-induced NF-κB activation and COX-2 expression. CONCLUSION Our data show that VDUP1 negatively regulates H pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis, in part by disrupting cell growth and inhibiting the induction of TNFα, NF-κB and COX-2. These findings provide important insights into the role of VDUP1 in H pylori-associated tumourigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jung Kwon
- Biomedical Mouse Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
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Lee GH, Oh JM, Kim HS, Yoon WK, Yi KY, Yang Y, Han SH, Lee S, Moon EY. KR33426, [2-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyloxazol-4yl]carbonylguanidine, is a novel compound to be effective on mouse systemic lupus erythematosus. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 668:459-66. [PMID: 21827747 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2011] [Revised: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 07/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
B cell-activating factor (BAFF) is a key regulator of B lymphocyte development. Signals from BAFF are transmitted through binding to a specific BAFF receptor (BAFF-R). Here, we established screening method to find a specific inhibitor for the interference of BAFF-BAFF-R interactions. We screened oxazole-4-carbonylguanidine derivatives and selected KR33426, [2-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyloxazol-4yl]carbonylguanidine, as a candidate to interfere BAFF-BAFF-R interactions. KR33426 inhibited BAFF-mediated anti-apoptotic effect on splenocytes as judged by hypodiploid cell formation. KR33426 also increased the degradation of procaspase-3 that was inhibited by BAFF protein. In addition, we examined whether KR33426 was effective on the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus-like symptom in MRL(lpr/lpr) mouse. When 5 or 10mg/kg KR33426 was intraperitoneally administered to MRL(lpr/lpr) mice for 4 weeks, histopathological changes were ameliorated in the narrowed space between renal glomerulus and glomerulus capsule. KR33426 reduced B220(+) B cell population and B cell mitogen, lipopolysaccharide-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation in splenocytes. KR33426 attenuated an increase in CD43(-)IgM(+) immature pro-B and a decrease in CD21(+) IgM(+) T2-B and IgD(+) IgM(-)recirculating-B cells on B cell development. Data show that KR33426 inhibits BAFF-BAFF-R interactions and it is effective on the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus-like symptom in MRL(lpr/lpr) mice. Thus, it suggests that KR33426 is a novel candidate to develop anti-autoimmune therapeutics by the interference of BAFF-BAFF-R interactions, specifically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geun-Hee Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea
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Kwon HJ, Won YS, Yoon YD, Yoon WK, Nam KH, Choi IP, Kim DY, Kim HC. Vitamin D3 up-regulated protein 1 deficiency accelerates liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in mice. J Hepatol 2011; 54:1168-76. [PMID: 21145821 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2010.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2010] [Revised: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Liver regeneration is a complicated process involving a variety of interacting factors. Vitamin D3 up-regulated protein 1 (VDUP1) is a potent growth suppressor that, upon over-expression, inhibits tumor cell proliferation and cell-cycle progression. Here, we investigated the function of VDUP1 in liver regeneration following hepatectomy in mice. METHODS Liver regeneration after 70% partial hepatectomy (PH) was compared in VDUP1 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice, and the activities of proliferative- and cell-cycle-related signaling pathways were measured. RESULTS Compared with WT mice, liver recovery was significantly accelerated in VDUP1 KO mice during the first day after PH, in association with increased DNA synthesis. Consistent with this observation, the expression levels of key cell-cycle regulatory proteins, including cyclin D, cyclin E, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), p21, and p27, were markedly altered in the livers of VDUP1 KO mice. Induction of growth factors and activation of proliferative signaling pathway components including extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), Akt, glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and p70S6 kinase (p70(S6K)), occurred much earlier and to a greater extent in VDUP1 KO mouse livers. In addition, primary hepatocytes isolated from VDUP1 KO mice displayed increased activation of ERK1/2 and Akt in response to HGF and TGF-α. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal an important role for VDUP1 in the regulation of proliferative signaling during liver regeneration. Altered activation of genes involved in ERK1/2 and Akt signaling pathways may explain the accelerated growth responses seen in VDUP1 KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jung Kwon
- Biomedical Mouse Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
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12
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Kwon HJ, Lim JH, Han JT, Lee SB, Yoon WK, Nam KH, Choi IP, Kim DY, Won YS, Kim HC. The role of vitamin D3 upregulated protein 1 in thioacetamide-induced mouse hepatotoxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2010; 248:277-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2010.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2010] [Revised: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 08/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Kwon HJ, Won YS, Suh HW, Jeon JH, Shao Y, Yoon SR, Chung JW, Kim TD, Kim HM, Nam KH, Yoon WK, Kim DG, Kim JH, Kim YS, Kim DY, Kim HC, Choi I. Vitamin D3 upregulated protein 1 suppresses TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation in hepatocarcinogenesis. J Immunol 2010; 185:3980-9. [PMID: 20826751 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1000990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D(3) upregulated protein 1 (VDUP1) is a candidate tumor suppressor, the expression of which is dramatically reduced in various tumor tissues. In this study, we found that VDUP1 expression is suppressed during human hepatic carcinogenesis, and mice lacking VDUP1 are much more susceptible to diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis compared with wild type mice. VDUP1-deficient tumors proliferated significantly more than wild type tumors and had corresponding changes in the expression of key cell cycle regulatory proteins. In addition, the hepatomitogen-induced response was associated with a considerable increase in the release of TNF-α and subsequent enhancement of NF-κB activation in VDUP1-deficient mice. When cells were treated with TNF-α, the VDUP1 level was markedly reduced, concomitant with elevated NF-κB activation. Furthermore, the overexpression of VDUP1 resulted in the robust suppression of TNF-α-activated NF-κB activity via association with HDAC1 and HDAC3. These results indicate that VDUP1 negatively regulates hepatocarcinogenesis by suppressing TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jung Kwon
- Bio-Evaluation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungbuk, South Korea
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14
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Lee SW, Son HY, Yoon WK, Jung JY, Park BK, Cho ES, Park SJ, Kim TH, Ryu SY. Effect of Atrazine, Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Zearalenone on IFNγ, TNFα, and IL-5 mRNA Expression in Jurkat Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2010. [DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2010.18.3.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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15
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Kwon HJ, Won YS, Yoon WK, Nam KH, Kim DY, Kim HC. The role of osteopontin in d-galactosamine-induced liver injury in genetically obese mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2009; 242:344-51. [PMID: 19913045 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2009.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2009] [Revised: 10/31/2009] [Accepted: 11/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Various epidemiological studies have shown that obesity increases the risk of liver disease, but the precise mechanisms through which this occurs are poorly understood. In the present study, we hypothesized that osteopontin (OPN), an extracellular matrix and proinflammatory cytokine, has an important role in making obese mice more susceptible to inflammatory liver injury. After exposure of genetically obese ob/ob and db/db mice to a single dose of d-galactosamine (GalN), the plasma liver enzyme levels, histology and expression levels of cytokines and OPN were evaluated. The ob/ob and db/db mice, which were more sensitive to GalN-induced inflammatory liver injury compared with wild-type mice, had significantly higher plasma and hepatic OPN expression levels. Increased OPN expression was mainly found in hepatocytes and inflammatory cells and was correlated with markedly up-regulated interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18 levels. Furthermore, pretreatment with a neutralizing OPN (nOPN) antibody attenuated the GalN-induced inflammatory liver injury in ob/ob and db/db mice, which was accompanied by significantly reduced macrophages recruitment and IL-12 and IL-18 productions. Taken together, these results suggest that up-regulated OPN expression is a contributing factor to increased susceptibility of genetically obese mice to GalN-induced liver injury by promoting inflammation and modulating immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jung Kwon
- Bioevaluation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk, Korea; Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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16
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17
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Park SJ, Yoon WK, Son HY, Cho SW, Jung JY, Jeong KS, Kim TH, Kim SH, Ryu SY. Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 mediated splenocyte adhesion. Anticancer Res 2006; 26:4575-83. [PMID: 17201180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a widespread environmental contaminant that induces various types of immunotoxicity. One effect of exposure to this contaminant is alteration in cell adhesiveness. Leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) plays an important role not only in T-cell recruitment into sites of inflammation and lymphoid tissues, but also in T-cell activation and in the development of specific immune responses. We, therefore, examined whether the alteration in cell adhesiveness is associated with the modulation of LFA-1 expression and its second messengers following exposure to TCDD. In vitro, 10 nM TCDD exposure suppressed splenocyte adhesion. In addition, the adhesiveness was reduced after in vivo exposure to TCDD (15 microg/kg) for six weeks with a one week interval and after additional in vitro stimulation with anti-CD3. The inhibition of adherence after TCDD exposure was related to a decreased expression of LFA-I, and expression patterns of Rap1 following TCDD exposure correlated with those of LFA-1 expression. However, TCDD did not selectively alter LFA-1 or Rapl expression in T-cell subsets. TCDD caused apparent changes in PI 3-kinase expression levels and the expression patterns of H-Ras correlated with those of PI 3-kinase expression. These data suggest that TCDD exposure down-regulates the conformation and ligand binding affinity of LFA-1 by Rapl and PI 3-kinase signaling pathways with the decreased expression of LFA-1, and consequently leads to a decrease in the LFA-1-mediated adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Joon Park
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 305-600, Korea
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18
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Moon EY, Lee JH, Oh SY, Ryu SK, Kim HM, Kwak HS, Yoon WK. Reactive oxygen species augment B-cell-activating factor expression. Free Radic Biol Med 2006; 40:2103-11. [PMID: 16785024 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2006.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2005] [Revised: 01/24/2006] [Accepted: 02/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
B-cell-activating factor (BAFF) plays a role in mature B-cell generation and maintenance. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activates toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-dependent signal transduction and induces ROS production. Here, we investigated BAFF production regulated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). BAFF expression was augmented by LPS stimulation and by serum deprivation that induced ROS production. BAFF expression was inhibited by treatment with various antioxidants including N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). We also investigated BAFF expression in vivo using peroxiredoxin II (PrxII)-deficient mouse spleen cells. PrxII is a member of the antioxidant enzyme family that protects cells from oxidative damage. Constitutive production of endogenous ROS was detected in spleen cells lacking PrxII. Serum BAFF protein level and BAFF transcript expression in splenocytes were significantly higher in PrxII(-/-) mice than wildtype mice. A higher BAFF level is consistent with the higher total number of splenocytes and B220(+)cells. Results were supported by NF-kappaB activation as judged by reduced IkappaBalpha degradation and increased nuclear translocation of p65/RelA with LPS stimulation, serum deprivation, and PrxII deletion. Data suggest that TLR4-mediated BAFF expression was increased by ROS and it was inhibited by PrxII controlling ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Yi Moon
- Laboratory of Human Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, KRIBB, Taejeon 305-806, Korea.
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20
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Yoon WK, Kim HJ, Son HY, Jeong KS, Park SJ, Kim TH, An MY, Kim SH, Kim SR, Ryu SY. Somatostatin down-regulates LFA-1 activation by modulating Rap1 expression in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 124:151-6. [PMID: 15544853 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2004.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2004] [Accepted: 07/02/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) is one of the integrins that are expressed on the leukocytes, and has been shown to play an important role in leukocyte trafficking. The adhesive activity of LFA-1 is governed partially by the Rap1. This study examined that the relationship between LFA-1 and Rap1 mRNA expressions by anti-CD3 and anti-CD3+SOM treatment in the CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. The LFA-1 mRNA expression levels following the anti-CD3 and anti-CD3+SOM treatment for 30 min was greater on the CD8+ T cells, and the LFA-1 expression of the CD8+ T cells with anti-CD+SOM treatment was affected more severely than that of the CD4+ T cells. The Rap1 mRNA expression patterns following anti-CD3 and anti-CD3+SOM stimulation in the CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were similar to the LFA-1 expression patterns, and the expression level following anti-CD3+SOM treatment was suppressed more significantly in the CD8+ T cells. These results suggest that the difference in the Rap1 expression level after stimulation might explain the differences in the LFA-1 expression level on the T cell subsets, and that the down-regulation of Rap1 expression following SOM treatment is closely related to the diminished LFA-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Kee Yoon
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, South Korea
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21
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Park SJ, Yoon WK, Kim HJ, Son HY, Cho SW, Jeong KS, Kim TH, Kim SH, Kim SR, Ryu SY. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin activates ERK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases in RAW 264.7 cells. Anticancer Res 2005; 25:2831-6. [PMID: 16080534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a widespread environmental contaminant, exposure to it eliciting a broad spectrum of deleterious pathophysiological effects. Since mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways appear to play an important role in both cell survival and the apoptotic process, we assessed the effects of TCDD on the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 MAPKs and caspase-3 in RAW 264.7 cells. TCDD treatment induced a transient upshift in ERK activity, followed by a decline, but a concomitant dramatic activation of p38. However, TCDD did not cause any apparent change in the activity of JNK, though it induced an up-regulation in caspase-3 activity. These results demonstrate that the equilibrium between the ERK and p38 pathways is critical to the fate of the cells, and that the activation of p38, upstream of caspase, plays an important role in the apoptotic process. The data obtained in this study also suggests that TCDD activates the MAPK pathway via an arylhydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-independent mechanism in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Joon Park
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
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22
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Felipe P, Yang YH, Lee JH, Sok DE, Kim HC, Yoon WK, Kim HM, Kim MR. Effect of Cultivars, Cooking and Processing on the Trypsin Inhibitor Activity of Soybean. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.3746/jfn.2005.10.1.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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23
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Yoon WK, Kim HJ, Son HY, Jeong KS, Park SJ, Kim TH, Kim SH, Kim SR, Ryu SY. Somatostatin controls LFA-1 gene expression by altering neuraminidase expression in spleen cells. Anticancer Res 2004; 24:2331-5. [PMID: 15330180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated whether neuraminidase (Neu) affects LFA-1 mRNA expression in spleen cells and whether somatostatin (SOM) and substance P (SP) treatment induce changes in the Neu mRNA expression level in spleen cells. Neu treatments down-regulated the LFA-1 mRNA levels after culturing for 2 h. SOM increased the Neu mRNA level slightly after 24-h culture and strongly after 48-h culture. These results suggest that prolonged exposure to SOM may regulate the Neu activation pathway, which in turn impairs the regulation of LFA-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Kee Yoon
- Biopotency Evaluation Laboratory, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 305-333, Korea
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Han SB, Yoon YD, Ahn HJ, Lee HS, Lee CW, Yoon WK, Park SK, Kim HM. Toll-like receptor-mediated activation of B cells and macrophages by polysaccharide isolated from cell culture of Acanthopanax senticosus. Int Immunopharmacol 2003; 3:1301-12. [PMID: 12890428 DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5769(03)00118-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the mechanism of the immunomodulatory action of polysaccharide (ASP) isolated from a cell culture of Acanthopanax senticosus. ASP was found to directly increase the proliferation and differentiation of B cells, and the cytokine production of macrophage, but not the proliferation and cytokine production of T cells. Since ASP cannot penetrate the cell membrane due to its large molecular mass, such cellular activation may be caused by the surface binding of ASP to receptors expressed on B cells and macrophages. The possibility that TLRs, which are known to be involved in immune-related responses, may be the receptor(s) of ASP was investigated. The immunomodulating activities of ASP on the B cells and macrophages of C3H/HeJ mice, expressing a defective toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, were decreased versus the corresponding cells from C3H/HeN mice. In addition, the activities of ASP on B cells and macrophages were significantly reduced by treating the cells with antibodies to TLR4 and TLR2 prior to ASP, suggesting that both of them are the possible receptors of ASP. The ligation of TLRs induced by ASP was able to activate mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), such as Erk1/2, p38 and JNK, and the transcription factor NF-kappaB. Although ASP was shown to activate the TLR signaling cascades in the same manner as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), these two could be differentiated by the finding that polymyxin B (PMB), a specific inhibitor of LPS, did not significantly affect the activities of ASP on B cells and macrophages. Taken together, our results demonstrate that ASP, isolated from a cell culture of A. senticosus, activates B cells and macrophages by interacting with TLRs and leading to the subsequent activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and NF-kappaB.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/isolation & purification
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology
- Animals
- B-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Binding Sites
- Cells, Cultured/chemistry
- Eleutherococcus/chemistry
- Enzyme Activation/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects
- Macrophage Activation/drug effects
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/drug effects
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/immunology
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/metabolism
- Membrane Glycoproteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Membrane Glycoproteins/deficiency
- Membrane Glycoproteins/drug effects
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C3H
- Mice, Inbred Strains
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Nitrites/metabolism
- Plant Extracts/isolation & purification
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Polysaccharides/isolation & purification
- Polysaccharides/pharmacology
- Protein Kinases/drug effects
- Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Receptors, Cell Surface/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Cell Surface/deficiency
- Receptors, Cell Surface/drug effects
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Toll-Like Receptor 2
- Toll-Like Receptor 4
- Toll-Like Receptors
- Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Han
- Biopotency Evaluation Laboratory, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 52 Oundong, Yusong, Taejon 305-333, South Korea
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25
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Hyun BH, Kim MS, Choi YK, Yoon WK, Suh JG, Jeong YG, Park SK, Lee CH. Mapping of the pogo gene, a new ataxic mutant from Korean wild mice, on central mouse chromosome 8. Mamm Genome 2001; 12:250-2. [PMID: 11252176 DOI: 10.1007/s003350010264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2000] [Accepted: 10/28/2000] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B H Hyun
- Genetic Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yusong Taejon, Korea
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26
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Ryu SY, Jeong KS, Kang BN, Park SJ, Yoon WK, Kim SH, Kim TH. Modulation of transferrin synthesis, transferrin receptor expression, iNOS expression and NO production in mouse macrophages by cytokines, either alone or in combination. Anticancer Res 2000; 20:3331-8. [PMID: 11062761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Iron, an essential element for all living organisms, is central importance in a number of crucial metabolic pathways, including the regulation of immune function. Iron delivery to cells is accomplished by the complexing of iron to transferrin (Tf), a monomeric iron-binding protein in the plasma, followed by specific binding of Tf to cell-surface receptors, endocytosis of the receptor-ligand complexes and ultimately, release of iron from endosomal vesicles to the cytoplasm. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cytokines, alone and in combination, on the factors that can affect the iron delivery in thioglycollate-elicited macrophages. In this study, IFN gamma induced a marked increase in Tf synthesis by macrophages, while IL-1, IL-6 and TNF alpha produced a more modest increase. Combinations of these cytokines were shown to be less effective in promoting macrophage Tf synthesis than the cytokines by themselves. IFN gamma alone and in combination with other cytokines was effective in inducing nitrite (NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) expression in macrophages, while IL-1, TNF alpha and IL-6 individually, as well as in various combinations, were not. While all tested cytokines individually and in combination inhibited the expression of the transferrin receptor (TfR) on macrophages, IFN gamma alone and in combination with other cytokines most strongly repressed the TfR expression. TfR localization in macrophages after IFN gamma stimulation showed that TfR fluorescence was most intense in the perinuclear region after 6 hours and scattered diffusely throughout the cytoplasm after 24 hours. This data suggests that IFN gamma may enhance iron uptake during the early phase of macrophage activation, and in later phases, down-regulate TfR expression by inducing NO, thus contributing to intracellular oxidative stress reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Ryu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Taejeon, Korea.
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27
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Ryu SY, Jeong KS, Yoon WK, Park SJ, Kang BN, Kim SH, Park BK, Cho SW. Somatostatin and substance P induced in vivo by lipopolysaccharide and in peritoneal macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or interferon-gamma have differential effects on murine cytokine production. Neuroimmunomodulation 2000; 8:25-30. [PMID: 10859485 DOI: 10.1159/000026449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We have investigated whether lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces substance P (SP) and somatostatin (SOM) in popliteal lymph nodes in vivo and whether macrophages are a source of SP and SOM in vitro. We have also investigated the effect of SP and SOM treatment on the production of cytokines. SP reached a maximum 3 days after injection of LPS (100 microg/footpad) and then declined. SOM expression after LPS injection reached a maximum at 5-7 days. Stimulation of thioglycolate-elicited peritoneal macrophages with LPS (20 microg/ml), recombinant interferon-gamma (rIFN-gamma, 100 U/ml), and LPS plus rIFN-gamma induced SOM and SP. Thioglycolate-elicited, unstimulated peritoneal macrophages also synthesized these peptides. SOM (10(-12)-10(-8) M) significantly inhibited IL-6 and IFN-gamma production, whereas SP at those concentrations enhanced cytokine production by activated lymphocytes and macrophages. These findings suggest that neuropeptides which originate from macrophages and nerve fibers act as immunomodulators to mediate changes in the pattern of cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Ryu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Taejeon, Korea.
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28
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Choi YK, Choi JY, Jeon HS, Won YS, Lee CH, Yoon WK, Oh GT, Hyun BH. Spontaneous low-virulence mouse hepatitis virus infection in severe combined immunodeficiency mice. Lab Anim Sci 1999; 49:324-7. [PMID: 10403451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Viral/analysis
- Coronavirus Infections/blood
- Coronavirus Infections/pathology
- Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental/blood
- Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental/genetics
- Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental/pathology
- Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental/virology
- Hepatitis, Viral, Animal/blood
- Hepatitis, Viral, Animal/pathology
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Liver/pathology
- Liver/virology
- Mice
- Mice, SCID/virology
- Murine hepatitis virus/isolation & purification
- Murine hepatitis virus/pathogenicity
- Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/virology
- Species Specificity
- Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
- Virulence
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Choi
- ICLAS Monitoring Subcenter Korea, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Taejon
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29
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Min W, Woo HJ, Lee CS, Lee KK, Yoon WK, Park HW, Kim MH. 307-bp fragment in HOXA7 upstream sequence is sufficient for anterior boundary formation. DNA Cell Biol 1998; 17:293-9. [PMID: 9539109 DOI: 10.1089/dna.1998.17.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The HOX genes are expressed in a positionally and temporally restricted manner involving anteroposterior axial pattern formation during early embryogenesis. Previously, we studied the sequence and function of an upstream regulatory region of the human HOXA7 gene. To identify a critical cis-acting element, a deletion analysis was performed along the human control region (HCR) (about 1.1 kb), which was sufficient for setting the anterior boundary of expression in transgenic mice. We demonstrated that a 307-bp control region contains a cis-acting element(s) specifying an anterior boundary as well as a dorsal-ventral restriction in the neural tube at day 12.5 postconception (p.c.). The distinct anterior limit of expression was noted at the level of C7/T1 in the neural tube and spinal ganglia. In addition, our deletion experiments revealed that the HCR consisted of several cis-acting elements which were individually capable of driving regionally restricted expression patterns in the neural tube and limb buds.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Min
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Ryu SY, Jeong KS, Park SJ, Mheen BG, Son HY, Yoon WK, Cho SW, Park BK, Kim SH. Effects of transferrin on the modulation of cytokine production on mouse spleen cells. In Vivo 1998; 12:187-94. [PMID: 9627801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate the the effects of transferrin(Tf) on the production of cytokines, mouse spleen cells were treated with various concentrations of apo- and holo-Tf, and then the production of IL-6, IFN gamma and the expression of mRNA for TNF alpha was determined. The distribution of Tf, macrophages and T cells in the mouse mammary glands was also examined. IL-6 and IFN gamma producing capabilities of the unstimulated spleen cells in the presence of apo and holo-Tf were increased in a dose dependent manner, while the cells stimulated with anti-CD3 had no significant effects on production in thd presence of graded concentrations of Tf. The relative abundance of TNF alpha mRNA was significantly affected by the concentration of TF. During early involution almost all of the secretory epithelial cells and the secretion in the alveoli showed a very strong positive reaction to transferrin antibody, and macrophages and T cells were distributed in the lumen, alveolar epithelial layer and connective tissue area. These findings suggest that the upregulated patterns of these cytokines and distribution of immune cells may play a beneficial role in the augmentation of host's defense mechanisms during involution.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Ryu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Taejon, Korea
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