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Quek Y, Fung YL, Bourgeat P, Vogrin SJ, Collins SJ, Bowden SC. Combining neuropsychological assessment and structural neuroimaging to identify early Alzheimer's disease in a memory clinic cohort. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3505. [PMID: 38688879 PMCID: PMC11061200 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current study examined the contributions of comprehensive neuropsychological assessment and volumetric assessment of selected mesial temporal subregions on structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and mild probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia in a memory clinic cohort. METHODS Comprehensive neuropsychological assessment and automated entorhinal, transentorhinal, and hippocampal volume measurements were conducted in 40 healthy controls, 38 patients with subjective memory symptoms, 16 patients with aMCI, 16 patients with mild probable AD dementia. Multinomial logistic regression was used to compare the neuropsychological and MRI measures. RESULTS Combining the neuropsychological and MRI measures improved group membership prediction over the MRI measures alone but did not improve group membership prediction over the neuropsychological measures alone. CONCLUSION Comprehensive neuropsychological assessment was an important tool to evaluate cognitive impairment. The mesial temporal volumetric MRI measures contributed no diagnostic value over and above the determinations made through neuropsychological assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐En Quek
- Melbourne School of Psychological SciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Yi Leng Fung
- Melbourne School of Psychological SciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Pierrick Bourgeat
- The Australian e‐Health Research CentreCSIRO Health and BiosecurityHerstonQueenslandAustralia
| | - Simon J. Vogrin
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesSt. Vincent's Hospital MelbourneFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
| | - Steven J. Collins
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesSt. Vincent's Hospital MelbourneFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
- Department of MedicineThe Royal Melbourne HospitalThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Stephen C. Bowden
- Melbourne School of Psychological SciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesSt. Vincent's Hospital MelbourneFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
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Liu H, Agar OT, Imran A, Barrow CJ, Dunshea FR, Suleria HAR. LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS characterization of phenolic compounds in Australian native passion fruits and their potential antioxidant activities. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:2455-2472. [PMID: 38628172 PMCID: PMC11016391 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Passion fruits, renowned globally for their polyphenolic content and associated health benefits, have enjoyed growing attention from consumers and producers alike. While global cultivar development progresses, Australia has pioneered several native cultivars tailored for its distinct planting conditions. Despite their cultivation, comprehensive studies on the phenolic profiles and antioxidant capacities of these Australian-native passion fruits are notably lacking. This study aims to investigate and compare the polyphenolic content present in the by-products, which are peel (L), and consumable portions, which are the pulp and seeds (P), of four indigenous cultivars: 'Misty Gem' (MG), 'Flamengo' (FG), 'Sweetheart' (SW), and 'Panama' (SH). Employing LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS for profiling, a comprehensive list of polyphenols was curated. Additionally, various antioxidant assays-DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, RPA, FICA, and •OH-RSA-were performed to evaluate their antioxidant potential. A total of 61 polyphenols were identified, categorized into phenolic acid (19), flavonoids (33), and other phenolic substances (9). In the antioxidant assays, the SHP sample exhibited the highest •OH--RSA activity at 98.64 ± 1.45 mg AAE/g, while the FGL sample demonstrated prominent DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS activities with values of 32.47 ± 1.92 mg TE/g, 62.50 ± 3.70 mg TE/g, and 57.84 ± 1.22 mg AAE/g, respectively. Additionally, TPC and several antioxidant assays had a significant positive correlation, including DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS. The Australian-native passion fruits revealed distinct polyphenolic profiles and diverse antioxidant capacities, establishing a foundation for deeper health benefit analyses. This study accentuates the significance of understanding region-specific cultivars and their potential nutraceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyao Liu
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of ScienceThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Osman Tuncay Agar
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of ScienceThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of PharmacySuleyman Demirel UniversityIspartaTurkey
| | - Ali Imran
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of ScienceThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life ScienceGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Colin J. Barrow
- Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, School of Life and Environmental SciencesDeakin UniversityWaurn PondsVictoriaAustralia
| | - Frank R. Dunshea
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of ScienceThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Faculty of Biological SciencesThe University of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Hafiz A. R. Suleria
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of ScienceThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
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Pivac LN, Brown BM, Sewell KR, Doecke JD, Villemagne VL, Doré V, Weinborn M, Sohrabi HR, Gardener SL, Bucks RS, Laws SM, Taddei K, Maruff P, Masters CL, Rowe C, Martins RN, Rainey‐Smith SR. Suboptimal self-reported sleep efficiency and duration are associated with faster accumulation of brain amyloid beta in cognitively unimpaired older adults. Alzheimers Dement (Amst) 2024; 16:e12579. [PMID: 38651160 PMCID: PMC11033837 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study investigated whether self-reported sleep quality is associated with brain amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation. METHODS Linear mixed effect model analyses were conducted for 189 cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults (mean ± standard deviation 74.0 ± 6.2; 53.2% female), with baseline self-reported sleep data, and positron emission tomography-determined brain Aβ measured over a minimum of three time points (range 33.3-72.7 months). Analyses included random slopes and intercepts, interaction for apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele status, and time, adjusting for sex and baseline age. RESULTS Sleep duration <6 hours, in APOE ε4 carriers, and sleep efficiency <65%, in the whole sample and APOE ε4 non-carriers, is associated with faster accumulation of brain Aβ. DISCUSSION These findings suggest a role for self-reported suboptimal sleep efficiency and duration in the accumulation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology in CU individuals. Additionally, poor sleep efficiency represents a potential route via which individuals at lower genetic risk may progress to preclinical AD. Highlights In cognitively unimpaired older adults self-report sleep is associated with brain amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation.Across sleep characteristics, this relationship differs by apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype.Sleep duration <6 hours is associated with faster brain Aβ accumulation in APOE ε4 carriers.Sleep efficiency < 65% is associated with faster brain Aβ accumulation in APOE ε4 non-carriers.Personalized sleep interventions should be studied for potential to slow Aβ accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise N. Pivac
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Alzheimer's Research Australia, Sarich Neuroscience Research InstituteNedlandsWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Belinda M. Brown
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Kelsey R. Sewell
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - James D. Doecke
- Australian E‐Health Research Centre, CSIROHerstonQueenslandAustralia
| | | | - Vincent Doré
- Australian E‐Health Research Centre, CSIROHerstonQueenslandAustralia
- Department of Molecular ImagingAustin HealthHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
| | - Michael Weinborn
- School of Psychological ScienceUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Hamid R. Sohrabi
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Samantha L. Gardener
- School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Romola S. Bucks
- School of Psychological ScienceUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- School of Population and Global HealthUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Simon M. Laws
- School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Centre for Precision HealthEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Collaborative Genomics and Translation GroupEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Curtin Medical SchoolCurtin UniversityBentleyWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Kevin Taddei
- School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Paul Maruff
- Cogstate Ltd., MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Colin L. Masters
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Christopher Rowe
- Department of Molecular ImagingAustin HealthHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Ralph N. Martins
- School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Department of Biomedical SciencesMacquarie UniversityMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Stephanie R. Rainey‐Smith
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Alzheimer's Research Australia, Sarich Neuroscience Research InstituteNedlandsWestern AustraliaAustralia
- School of Psychological ScienceUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
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Margetts BM, Stuart‐Fox D, Franklin AM. Red vision in animals is broadly associated with lighting environment but not types of visual task. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e10899. [PMID: 38304263 PMCID: PMC10828735 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Red sensitivity is the exception rather than the norm in most animal groups. Among species with red sensitivity, there is substantial variation in the peak wavelength sensitivity (λmax) of the long wavelength sensitive (LWS) photoreceptor. It is unclear whether this variation can be explained by visual tuning to the light environment or to visual tasks such as signalling or foraging. Here, we examine long wavelength sensitivity across a broad range of taxa showing diversity in LWS photoreceptor λmax: insects, crustaceans, arachnids, amphibians, reptiles, fish, sharks and rays. We collated a list of 161 species with physiological evidence for a photoreceptor sensitive to red wavelengths (i.e. λmax ≥ 550 nm) and for each species documented abiotic and biotic factors that may be associated with peak sensitivity of the LWS photoreceptor. We found evidence supporting visual tuning to the light environment: terrestrial species had longer λmax than aquatic species, and of these, species from turbid shallow waters had longer λmax than those from clear or deep waters. Of the terrestrial species, diurnal species had longer λmax than nocturnal species, but we did not detect any differences across terrestrial habitats (closed, intermediate or open). We found no association with proxies for visual tasks such as having red morphological features or utilising flowers or coral reefs. These results support the emerging consensus that, in general, visual systems are broadly adapted to the lighting environment and diverse visual tasks. Links between visual systems and specific visual tasks are commonly reported, but these likely vary among species and do not lead to general patterns across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryony M. Margetts
- School of BioSciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Devi Stuart‐Fox
- School of BioSciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Amanda M. Franklin
- School of BioSciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
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Brown JE, Noormohammadi AH, Courtman NF. Immunoreactivity of canine, feline, and equine D-dimer with antibodies to human D-dimer. J Vet Intern Med 2024; 38:187-196. [PMID: 37950415 PMCID: PMC10800179 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Commercially available D-dimer assays use antibodies against human D-dimer, with limited sensitivity and specificity data in companion animals. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the immunoreactivity of D-dimer in plasma of dogs, horses, and cats with commercially available antibodies to human D-dimer. ANIMALS Plasma samples were collected from healthy dogs and horses, and from surplus feline plasma submitted for diagnostic purposes. METHODS Descriptive research study. A cross-linked fibrin lysate was prepared from plasma samples, and SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting were performed with a variety of commercially available antibodies to human D-dimer. RESULTS The selected antibodies demonstrated variable reactivity with D-dimer of each species. The monoclonal antibody DD44 bound canine D-dimer with good specificity and sensitivity, but this antibody did not react with feline or equine D-dimer. The polyclonal antibody D2D bound putative D-dimer in dogs, cats, and horses with good specificity, and higher sensitivity compared to human D-dimer. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE The variable performance of commercially available human D-dimer assays between species is, in part, because of inter-species variation in D-dimer immunoreactivity. The use of these assays should follow validation studies. Monoclonal antibody DD44 could be a focus for the development of a canine-specific assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliet E. Brown
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Amir H. Noormohammadi
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Natalie F. Courtman
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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Kenefick C, Livesley S, Farrell C. A systematic review of resprouting in woody plants and potential implications for the management of urban plantings. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e10839. [PMID: 38235408 PMCID: PMC10794092 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Naturalistic plantings, such as meadow-style plantings, can improve the quality of urban green spaces through aesthetic, biodiversity and low maintenance features. Species selection for, and maintenance of naturalistic plantings are key to their success. While herbaceous and grassy meadows can be mowed, naturalistic plantings with woody plants require more intense maintenance to remove biomass and promote resprouting. We aim to understand woody plant responses to diverse disturbance regimes to potentially inform the selection and management of woody species in urban plantings. We conducted a quantitative systematic literature review of 72 papers and investigated what main external (climate, disturbance regime) and internal (buds, life stage, storage reserves) factors influence the resprouting response of woody plants. We found resprouting literature is geographically widespread for woody plants, but studies are skewed towards Temperate climates in USA and Australia, with a focus on high severity and high frequency fire disturbance. Resprouting response was mostly defined as a continuous response to disturbance dependent on disturbance regime, climate and plant traits. Maintenance and management of naturalistic woody plantings, through hard pruning techniques such as coppicing, may be informed by analogous high severity and high frequency disturbance studies. However, the literature on woody plant resprouting has several knowledge gaps for lower severity and lower frequency disturbance regimes and in more arid climates. Future research should evaluate the response of naturalistic woody plantings to disturbance in specific urban contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Kenefick
- Green Infrastructure Research Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem SciencesThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Stephen Livesley
- Green Infrastructure Research Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem SciencesThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Claire Farrell
- Green Infrastructure Research Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem SciencesThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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Rafiudeen R, Barlis P, Hau R, Vasanthakumar S, Ng R, Wu P, Tacey M, Banning A, van Gaal W. Ivabradine in the Prevention, and Reduction in Size, of Perioperative Myocardial Injury in Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery for Acute Fracture. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e028760. [PMID: 37982213 PMCID: PMC10727297 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.028760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perioperative myocardial injury is common after major noncardiac surgery and is associated with adverse outcomes. This study investigated the use of ivabradine in patients undergoing urgent surgery for fracture. METHODS AND RESULTS This was a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. Participants were enrolled 1:1 into ivabradine or placebo arm, and study drug was commenced before operation and continued for 7 days or until discharge. High-sensitivity troponin I was measured daily using Abbott Alinity analyzer and assay, and heart rate data were obtained using continuous Holter monitoring. A total of 199 patients underwent acute orthopedic surgery, 98 in the ivabradine group and 101 in the placebo group. The mean age was 78.7 years (range, 77.5-79.9 years), with 68% women. The average heart rate was 5 to 11 beats per minute lower in the ivabradine group compared with the placebo group at all time points (P<0.001 for all). There was no statistically significant difference between the ivabradine and placebo groups in the number of patients who had perioperative myocardial injury: 28.6% versus 31.6% (P=0.71). In patients with perioperative myocardial injury, average peak troponin was 168.8 ng/L (±431.2 ng/L) in the ivabradine group and 2094.5 ng/L (±7201.9 ng/L) in the placebo group (P=0.16). There was no statistically significant difference between groups in 30-day mortality, blood pressure, stroke, or major adverse cardiovascular event. CONCLUSIONS Starting ivabradine preoperatively in elderly patients requiring acute surgery for fracture did not result in a statistically significant difference in the incidence of perioperative myocardial injury. There was no statistically significant difference in morbidity, mortality, or adverse events between treatment groups. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.anzctr.org.au/; Unique identifier: ACTRN12616001634460p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rifly Rafiudeen
- Cardiology DepartmentThe Northern HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
- Department of MedicineThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Peter Barlis
- Cardiology DepartmentThe Northern HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
- Department of MedicineThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Raphael Hau
- Cardiology DepartmentThe Northern HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
- Department of MedicineThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
- Orthopaedic DepartmentBox Hill HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
| | | | - Reginald Ng
- Orthopaedic DepartmentBox Hill HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Philip Wu
- Orthopaedic DepartmentBox Hill HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Mark Tacey
- Department of MedicineThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Adrian Banning
- Cardiology DepartmentJohn Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - William van Gaal
- Cardiology DepartmentThe Northern HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
- Department of MedicineThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
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Martenstyn JA, Maguire S, Griffiths S. A descriptive analysis of scoring patterns on clinically relevant questionnaires in 26 adults with diagnosed muscle dysmorphia. Eur Eat Disord Rev 2023; 31:737-751. [PMID: 37337333 PMCID: PMC10947593 DOI: 10.1002/erv.3001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Few studies have recruited adults with a formal diagnosis of muscle dysmorphia (MD), a psychological illness defined by preoccupation that one lacks muscularity and/or leanness, combined with significant functional impairment. This study presented descriptive statistics for a range of clinically relevant questionnaires in one of the largest samples of adults with confirmed diagnoses of MD. METHOD We recruited 29 adults who met diagnostic criteria for MD as determined by semi-structured diagnostic interviews and administered a battery of questionnaires assessing MD symptomology, compulsive exercise, and disordered eating. Descriptive statistics were calculated for both total and subscale scores for each questionnaire. Raincloud plots are included to show the distribution of total scores. RESULTS Of the 29 participants, 26 completed all questionnaires. Mean scores were high across all questionnaires and broadly consistent with results in past studies that also recruited a clinical MD sample. Most participants scored above proposed clinical cut-off scores for questionnaires assessing compulsive exercise and disordered eating. CONCLUSIONS This study adds to the small body of published questionnaire data in clinical MD samples. We stress that questionnaire scores should not be used alone to infer the presence of MD, but could be considered as a useful adjunct to a comprehensive clinical interview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan A. Martenstyn
- Clinical Psychology UnitSchool of PsychologyThe University of SydneyCamperdownNSWAustralia
- InsideOut Institute for Eating DisordersCharles Perkins CentreThe University of SydneyCamperdownNSWAustralia
| | - Sarah Maguire
- InsideOut Institute for Eating DisordersCharles Perkins CentreThe University of SydneyCamperdownNSWAustralia
- Sydney Local Health DistrictNSW HealthSydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Scott Griffiths
- Melbourne School of Psychological SciencesFaculty of MedicineDentistry and Health SciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
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Zhang W, Rowntree LC, Muttucumaru R, Damelang T, Aban M, Hurt AC, Auladell M, Esterbauer R, Wines B, Hogarth M, Turner SJ, Wheatley AK, Kent SJ, Patil S, Avery S, Morrissey O, Chung AW, Koutsakos M, Nguyen THO, Cheng AC, Kotsimbos TC, Kedzierska K. Robust immunity to influenza vaccination in haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients following reconstitution of humoral and adaptive immunity. Clin Transl Immunology 2023; 12:e1456. [PMID: 37383182 PMCID: PMC10294294 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Influenza causes significant morbidity and mortality, especially in high-risk populations. Although current vaccination regimens are the best method to combat annual influenza disease, vaccine efficacy can be low in high-risk groups, such as haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. Methods We comprehensively assessed humoral immunity, antibody landscapes, systems serology and influenza-specific B-cell responses, together with their phenotypes and isotypes, to the inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) in HSCT recipients in comparison to healthy controls. Results Inactivated influenza vaccine significantly increased haemagglutination inhibition (HAI) titres in HSCT recipients, similar to healthy controls. Systems serology revealed increased IgG1 and IgG3 antibody levels towards the haemagglutinin (HA) head, but not to neuraminidase, nucleoprotein or HA stem. IIV also increased frequencies of total, IgG class-switched and CD21loCD27+ influenza-specific B cells, determined by HA probes and flow cytometry. Strikingly, 40% of HSCT recipients had markedly higher antibody responses towards A/H3N2 vaccine strain than healthy controls and showed cross-reactivity to antigenically drifted A/H3N2 strains by antibody landscape analysis. These superior humoral responses were associated with a greater time interval after HSCT, while multivariant analyses revealed the importance of pre-existing immune memory. Conversely, in HSCT recipients who did not respond to the first dose, the second IIV dose did not greatly improve their humoral response, although 50% of second-dose patients reached a seroprotective HAI titre for at least one of vaccine strains. Conclusions Our study demonstrates efficient, although time-dependent, immune responses to IIV in HSCT recipients, and provides insights into influenza vaccination strategies targeted to immunocompromised high-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuji Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Louise C Rowntree
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | | | - Timon Damelang
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Malet Aban
- World Health Organisation (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Aeron C Hurt
- World Health Organisation (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
- Product Development Medical Affairs, Infectious DiseasesF. Hoffmann-La Roche LtdBaselSwitzerland
| | - Maria Auladell
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Robyn Esterbauer
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | | | | | - Stephen J Turner
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of MicrobiologyMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Adam K Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Infectious Diseases Department, Alfred Health, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Sushrut Patil
- Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Department of Clinical HaematologyThe Alfred HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Sharon Avery
- Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Department of Clinical HaematologyThe Alfred HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Orla Morrissey
- Department of Infectious DiseasesAlfred HealthMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Amy W Chung
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Marios Koutsakos
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Thi HO Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Allen C Cheng
- School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
- Infection Prevention and Healthcare Epidemiology UnitAlfred HealthMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Tom C Kotsimbos
- Department of Respiratory MedicineThe Alfred HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
- Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, The Alfred HospitalMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Katherine Kedzierska
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
- Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI‐CoRE)Hokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan
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Menkhorst E, Santos LL, Zhou W, Yang G, Winship AL, Rainczuk KE, Nguyen P, Zhang JG, Moore P, Williams M, Lê Cao KA, Mansell A, Dimitriadis E. IL11 activates the placental inflammasome to drive preeclampsia. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1175926. [PMID: 37292200 PMCID: PMC10244672 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1175926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Preeclampsia is a life-threatening disorder of pregnancy unique to humans. Interleukin (IL)11 is elevated in serum from pregnancies that subsequently develop early-onset preeclampsia and pharmacological elevation of IL11 in pregnant mice causes the development of early-onset preeclampsia-like features (hypertension, proteinuria, and fetal growth restriction). However, the mechanism by which IL11 drives preeclampsia is unknown. Method Pregnant mice were administered PEGylated (PEG)IL11 or control (PEG) from embryonic day (E)10-16 and the effect on inflammasome activation, systolic blood pressure (during gestation and at 50/90 days post-natal), placental development, and fetal/post-natal pup growth measured. RNAseq analysis was performed on E13 placenta. Human 1st trimester placental villi were treated with IL11 and the effect on inflammasome activation and pyroptosis identified by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. Result PEGIL11 activated the placental inflammasome causing inflammation, fibrosis, and acute and chronic hypertension in wild-type mice. Global and placental-specific loss of the inflammasome adaptor protein Asc and global loss of the Nlrp3 sensor protein prevented PEGIL11-induced fibrosis and hypertension in mice but did not prevent PEGIL11-induced fetal growth restriction or stillbirths. RNA-sequencing and histology identified that PEGIL11 inhibited trophoblast differentiation towards spongiotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast lineages in mice and extravillous trophoblast lineages in human placental villi. Discussion Inhibition of ASC/NLRP3 inflammasome activity could prevent IL11-induced inflammation and fibrosis in various disease states including preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Menkhorst
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Leilani L. Santos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Guannan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Amy L. Winship
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Development and Stem Cells Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Katarzyna E. Rainczuk
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Philana Nguyen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Paddy Moore
- Abortion and Contraception, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michelle Williams
- Biomedical Animal Facility, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kim-Anh Lê Cao
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ashley Mansell
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Evdokia Dimitriadis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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11
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Tan DJ, Lodge CJ, Walters EH, Lowe AJ, Bui DS, Bowatte G, Kandane‐Rathnayake R, Aldakheel FM, Erbas B, Hamilton GS, Thomas PS, Hew M, Tang MLK, Abramson MJ, Perret JL, Dharmage SC. Biomarkers of asthma relapse and lung function decline in adults with spontaneous asthma remission: A population-based cohort study. Allergy 2023; 78:957-967. [PMID: 36301194 PMCID: PMC10953440 DOI: 10.1111/all.15566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extent to which biomarkers of asthma activity persist in spontaneous asthma remission and whether such markers are associated with future respiratory outcomes remained unclear. We investigated the association between sub-clinical inflammation in adults with spontaneous asthma remission and future asthma relapse and lung function decline. METHODS The Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study is a population-based cohort (n = 8583). Biomarkers of systemic inflammation were measured on participants at age 45, and latent profile analysis was used to identify cytokine profiles. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and nitric oxide products in exhaled breath condensate (EBC NOx) were measured at age 50. Participants with spontaneous asthma remission at ages 45 (n = 466) and 50 (n = 318) were re-evaluated at age 53, and associations between baseline inflammatory biomarkers and subsequent asthma relapse and lung function decline were assessed. RESULTS We identified three cytokine profiles in adults with spontaneous asthma remission: average (34%), Th2-high (42%) and Th2-low (24%). Compared to the average profile, a Th2-high profile was associated with accelerated decline in post-BD FEV1 /FVC (MD -0.18% predicted per-year; 95% CI -0.33, -0.02), while a Th2-low profile was associated with accelerated decline in both post-BD FEV1 (-0.41%; -0.75, -0.06) and post-BD FVC (-0.31%; -0.62, 0.01). BHR and high TNF-α during spontaneous remission were associated with an increased risk of asthma relapse. In contrast, we found no evidence of association between EBC NOx and either asthma relapse or lung function decline. CONCLUSION BHR and serum inflammatory cytokines have prognostic value in adults with spontaneous asthma remission. At-risk individuals with BHR, Th2-high or Th2-low cytokine profiles may benefit from closer monitoring and on-going follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Tan
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Population and Global Health, University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Caroline J. Lodge
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Population and Global Health, University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Eugene Haydn Walters
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Population and Global Health, University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- School of Medicine, University of TasmaniaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
| | - Adrian J. Lowe
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Population and Global Health, University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Dinh S. Bui
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Population and Global Health, University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Gayan Bowatte
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Population and Global Health, University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health SciencesUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka
| | | | - Fahad M. Aldakheel
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Bircan Erbas
- School of Psychology and Public HealthLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Violet Vines Marshman Centre for Rural Health ResearchLa Trobe UniversityBendigoVictoriaAustralia
| | - Garun S. Hamilton
- School of Clinical SciencesMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Monash Lung, Sleep, Allergy and ImmunologyMonash HealthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Paul S. Thomas
- Prince of Wales' Clinical School, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Mark Hew
- School of Public Health & Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- The Alfred HospitalMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Mimi L. K. Tang
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Michael J. Abramson
- School of Public Health & Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Jennifer L. Perret
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Population and Global Health, University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Institute for Breathing and SleepMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Shyamali C. Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Population and Global Health, University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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12
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Zhu Z, Liu D, Chen R, Hu W, Liao H, Kiburg K, Ha J, He S, Shang X, Huang Y, Wang W, Yu H, Yang X, He M. The Association of Retinal age gap with metabolic syndrome and inflammation. J Diabetes 2023; 15:237-245. [PMID: 36919192 PMCID: PMC10036256 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clustering of cardiometabolic components, posing tremendous burdens in the aging society. Retinal age gap has been proposed as a robust biomarker associated with mortality and Parkinson's disease. Although MetS and chronic inflammation could accelerate the aging process and increase the risk of mortality, the association of the retinal age gap with MetS and inflammation has not been examined yet. METHODS Retinal age gap (retina-predicted age minus chronological age) was calculated using a deep learning model. MetS was defined as the presence of three or more of the following: central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyperglycemia. Inflammation index was defined as a high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level above 3.0 mg/L. Logistic regression models were used to examine the associations of retinal age gaps with MetS and inflammation. RESULTS We found that retinal age gap was significantly associated with MetS and inflammation. Specifically, compared to participants with retinal age gaps in the lowest quartile, the risk of MetS was significantly increased by 10% and 14% for participants with retinal age gaps in the third and fourth quartile (odds ratio [OR]:1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01,1.21;, p = .030; OR: 1.14, 95% CI, 1.03,1.26; p = .012, respectively). Similar trends were identified for the risk of inflammation and combined MetS and inflammation. CONCLUSION We found that retinal age gaps were significantly associated with MetS as well as inflammation. Given the noninvasive and cost-effective nature and the efficacy of the retinal age gap, it has great potential to be used as a screening tool for MetS in large populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoting Zhu
- Department of OphthalmologyGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Centre for Eye Research Australia; OphthalmologyUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
- Ophthalmology, Department of SurgeryUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Dan Liu
- Population Health SciencesGerman Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)BonnGermany
| | - Ruiye Chen
- Centre for Eye Research Australia; OphthalmologyUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
- Ophthalmology, Department of SurgeryUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Wenyi Hu
- Centre for Eye Research Australia; OphthalmologyUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
- Ophthalmology, Department of SurgeryUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Huan Liao
- Population Health SciencesGerman Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)BonnGermany
| | - Katerina Kiburg
- Centre for Eye Research Australia; OphthalmologyUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Jason Ha
- Centre for Eye Research Australia; OphthalmologyUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Shuang He
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xianwen Shang
- Centre for Eye Research Australia; OphthalmologyUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
- Ophthalmology, Department of SurgeryUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of OphthalmologyGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Honghua Yu
- Department of OphthalmologyGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Department of OphthalmologyGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Mingguang He
- Department of OphthalmologyGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Centre for Eye Research Australia; OphthalmologyUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
- Ophthalmology, Department of SurgeryUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
- Population Health SciencesGerman Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)BonnGermany
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13
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Zeleke BM, Lowe AJ, Dharmage SC, Lopez DJ, Koplin JJ, Peters RL, Soriano VX, Tang MLK, Walters EH, Varigos GA, Lodge CJ, Perret JL, Abramson MJ. Epidemiology of eczema in South-Eastern Australia. Australas J Dermatol 2023; 64:e41-e50. [PMID: 36533890 PMCID: PMC10952653 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.13966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Eczema is a common chronic debilitating skin condition in childhood. Data on the epidemiology and natural history of eczema across the life course are lacking. This analysis aimed to describe these epidemiological features in Australian children and adults. METHODS Data collected on eczema from four Australian cohort studies were analysed: namely HealthNuts, Melbourne Atopic Cohort Study (MACS), Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study (TAHS) and the Australian arm of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS). RESULTS Among children aged under 6 years, 28.8%-35.6% have ever-had eczema, and 16.7%-26.6% had 'current eczema'. Among those aged 6-12 years, 14.6%-24.7% had 'current eczema' with 12.0%-18.5% of those at ages of 6 and 10 years classified as having moderate-to-severe eczema according to the Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index. In adults, the prevalence of 'eczema ever' ranged between 13.8% and 48.4%. The 12-month period prevalence of eczema was 15.1% at age 18, while current eczema was 8.5% at an average age of 51, and 8.8% at an average age 53 years. Eczema was more common among young boys, but this difference became non-significant for older children and early adolescents. In contrast, eczema was more common for adult women than men. CONCLUSIONS Eczema is common both in children and adults. The proportion of severe eczema in children was substantial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berihun M. Zeleke
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of MelbourneCarltonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Adrian J. Lowe
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of MelbourneCarltonVictoriaAustralia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Shyamali C. Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of MelbourneCarltonVictoriaAustralia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Diego J. Lopez
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of MelbourneCarltonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Jennifer J. Koplin
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Rachel L. Peters
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Victoria X. Soriano
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Mimi L. K. Tang
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - E. Haydn Walters
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of MelbourneCarltonVictoriaAustralia
- School of Medicine, University of TasmaniaHobartAustralia
| | - George A. Varigos
- Department of DermatologyThe Royal Melbourne HospitalMelbourne, ParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Caroline J. Lodge
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of MelbourneCarltonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Jennifer L. Perret
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of MelbourneCarltonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Michael J. Abramson
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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14
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Snelgrove SL, Susanto O, Yeung L, Hall P, Norman MU, Corbett AJ, Kitching AR, Hickey MJ. T-cell receptor αβ + double-negative T cells in the kidney are predominantly extravascular and increase in abundance in response to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Immunol Cell Biol 2023; 101:49-64. [PMID: 36222375 PMCID: PMC10953373 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
T-cell receptor+ CD4- CD8- double-negative (DN) T cells are a population of T cells present in low abundance in blood and lymphoid organs, but enriched in various organs including the kidney. Despite burgeoning interest in these cells, studies examining their abundance in the kidney have reported conflicting results. Here we developed a flow cytometry strategy to clearly segregate DN T cells from other immune cells in the mouse kidney and used it to characterize their phenotype and response in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). These experiments revealed that in the healthy kidney, most DN T cells are located within the renal parenchyma and exhibit an effector memory phenotype. In response to IRI, the number of renal DN T cells is unaltered after 24 h, but significantly increased by 72 h. This increase is not related to alterations in proliferation or apoptosis. By contrast, adoptive transfer studies indicate that circulating DN T cells undergo preferential recruitment to the postischemic kidney. Furthermore, DN T cells show the capacity to upregulate CD8, both in vivo following adoptive transfer and in response to ex vivo activation. Together, these findings provide novel insights regarding the phenotype of DN T cells in the kidney, including their predominant extravascular location, and show that increases in their abundance in the kidney following IRI occur in part as a result of increased recruitment from the circulation. Furthermore, the observation that DN T cells can upregulate CD8 in vivo has important implications for detection and characterization of DN T cells in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Snelgrove
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of MedicineMonash Medical CentreClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Olivia Susanto
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of MedicineMonash Medical CentreClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Louisa Yeung
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of MedicineMonash Medical CentreClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Pamela Hall
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of MedicineMonash Medical CentreClaytonVICAustralia
| | - M Ursula Norman
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of MedicineMonash Medical CentreClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Alexandra J Corbett
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - A Richard Kitching
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of MedicineMonash Medical CentreClaytonVICAustralia
- Departments of Nephrology and Paediatric NephrologyMonash Medical CentreClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Michael J Hickey
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of MedicineMonash Medical CentreClaytonVICAustralia
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15
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Scheffer IE, Bennett CA, Gill D, de Silva MG, Boggs K, Marum J, Baker N, Palmer EE, Howell KB. Exome sequencing for patients with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies in clinical practice. Dev Med Child Neurol 2023; 65:50-57. [PMID: 35701389 PMCID: PMC10952465 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the clinical utility of exome sequencing for patients with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs). METHOD Over 2 years, patients with DEEs were recruited for singleton exome sequencing. Parental segregation was performed where indicated. RESULTS Of the 103 patients recruited (54 males, 49 females; aged 2 weeks-17 years), the genetic aetiology was identified in 36 out of 103 (35%) with management implications in 13 out of 36. Exome sequencing revealed pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in 30 out of 103 (29%) patients, variants of unknown significance in 39 out of 103 (38%), and 34 out of 103 (33%) were negative on exome analysis. After the description of new genetic diseases, a molecular diagnosis was subsequently made for six patients or through newly available high-density chromosomal microarray testing. INTERPRETATION We demonstrate the utility of exome sequencing in routine clinical care of children with DEEs. We highlight that molecular diagnosis often leads to changes in management and informs accurate prognostic and reproductive counselling. Our findings reinforce the need for ongoing analysis of genomic data to identify the aetiology in patients in whom the cause is unknown. The implementation of genomic testing in the care of children with DEEs should become routine in clinical practice. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS The cause was identified in 35% of patients with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies. KCNQ2, CDKL5, SCN1A, and STXBP1 were the most frequently identified genes. Reanalysis of genomic data found the cause in an additional six patients. Genetic aetiology was identified in 41% of children with seizure onset under 2 years, compared to 18% with older onset. Finding the molecular cause led to management changes in 36% of patients with DEEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid E. Scheffer
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Austin HealthThe University of MelbourneHeidelbergVictoria
- Department of PaediatricsThe University of MelbourneVictoria
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthHeidelbergVictoria
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteParkvilleVictoria
| | - Caitlin A. Bennett
- Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Austin HealthThe University of MelbourneHeidelbergVictoria
| | - Deepak Gill
- TY Nelson Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadNew South Wales
| | - Michelle G. de Silva
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's HospitalParkvilleVictoria
- Australian Genomics Health AllianceMelbourne
| | - Kirsten Boggs
- Australian Genomics Health AllianceMelbourne
- Sydney Children's Hospitals NetworkSydney
| | - Justine Marum
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's HospitalParkvilleVictoria
| | - Naomi Baker
- Department of PaediatricsThe University of MelbourneVictoria
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's HospitalParkvilleVictoria
| | | | - Katherine B. Howell
- Department of PaediatricsThe University of MelbourneVictoria
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteParkvilleVictoria
- Department of NeurologyThe Royal Children's HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
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16
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Heerde JA, Bailey JA, Patton GC, Toumbourou JW. A population-based study of homelessness, antisocial behaviour and violence victimisation among young adults in Victoria, Australia. Aust J Soc Issues 2022; 57:762-782. [PMID: 36530738 PMCID: PMC9748854 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Homeless young adults are at increased risk for contact with the police and are overrepresented in the justice system. This study explored associations between homelessness, antisocial behaviour and violence victimisation using longitudinal panel data gathered through young adulthood. Data were drawn from a state representative population-based sample of young adults from Victoria, Australia participating in the International Youth Development Study (IYDS; n = 2884, 54% female). Participants were surveyed at age 21 years, with follow-up at ages 23 and 25 years. We examined changes in the prevalence of homelessness and tested hypothesised directional relationships between young adult homelessness, antisocial behaviour and violence victimisation using longitudinal cross-lagged panel models. Multiple-group modelling was used to test whether these relationships were moderated by gender. The prevalence of young adult homelessness was highest at age 21 (6.5%), declining at ages 23 (3.9%) and 25 years (2.5%). Results showed that young adult homelessness, antisocial behaviour and victimisation were related cross-sectionally, but not longitudinally. Gender did not significantly moderate these associations. Findings suggest that the state of homelessness is associated with temporary vulnerability to potentially harmful and problematic situations involving antisocial behaviour and victimisation. These situations are likely to heighten risk for contact with the police and direct physical and psychological harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A. Heerde
- Department of PaediatricsThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Social WorkThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Centre for Adolescent HealthRoyal Children’s HospitalMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Murdoch Children’s Research InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Jennifer A. Bailey
- Social Development Research GroupSchool of Social WorkUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - George C. Patton
- Department of PaediatricsThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Centre for Adolescent HealthRoyal Children’s HospitalMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Murdoch Children’s Research InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - John W. Toumbourou
- Centre for Adolescent HealthRoyal Children’s HospitalMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Murdoch Children’s Research InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- School of PsychologyCentre for Social and Early Emotional DevelopmentDeakin UniversityBurwoodVictoriaAustralia
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17
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Dalic LJ, Warren AEL, Spiegel C, Thevathasan W, Roten A, Bulluss KJ, Archer JS. Paroxysmal fast activity is a biomarker of treatment response in deep brain stimulation for Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Epilepsia 2022; 63:3134-3147. [PMID: 36114808 PMCID: PMC10946931 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epilepsy treatment trials typically rely on seizure diaries to determine seizure frequency, but these are time-consuming and difficult to maintain accurately. Fast, reliable, and objective biomarkers of treatment response are needed, particularly in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS), where high seizure frequency and comorbid cognitive and behavioral issues are additional obstacles to accurate diary-keeping. Here, we measured generalized paroxysmal fast activity (GPFA), a key interictal electrographic feature of LGS, and correlated GPFA burden with seizure diaries during a thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) treatment trial (Electrical Stimulation of the Thalamus in Epilepsy of Lennox-Gastaut Phenotype [ESTEL]). METHODS GPFA and electrographic seizure counts from intermittent, 24-h electroencephalograms (EEGs) were compared to 3-month diary-recorded seizure counts in 17 young adults with LGS (mean age ± SD = 24.9 ± 6.6) in the ESTEL study, a randomized clinical trial of DBS lasting 12 months (comprising a 3-month baseline and 9 months of postimplantation follow-up). RESULTS Baseline median seizures measured by diaries numbered 2.6 (interquartile range [IQR] = 1.4-5) per day, compared to 284 (IQR = 120.5-360) electrographic seizures per day, confirming that diaries capture only a small fraction of seizure burden. Across all patient EEGs, the average number of GPFA discharges per hour of sleep was 138 (IQR =72-258). GPFA duration and frequency, quantified over 2-h windows of sleep EEG, were significantly associated with diary-recorded seizure counts over 3-month intervals (p < .001, η2 p = .30-.48). For every GPFA discharge, there were 20-25 diary seizures witnessed over 3 months. There was high between-patient variability in the ratio between diary seizure burden and GPFA burden; however, within individual patients, the ratio was similar over time, such that the percentage change from pre-DBS baseline in seizure diaries strongly correlated with the percentage change in GPFA. SIGNIFICANCE When seeking to optimize treatment in patients with LGS, monitoring changes in GPFA may allow rapid titration of treatment parameters, rather than waiting for feedback from seizure diaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda J. Dalic
- Department of Medicine, Austin HealthUniversity of MelbourneHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Neurology, Austin HealthHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
| | - Aaron E. L. Warren
- Department of Medicine, Austin HealthUniversity of MelbourneHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Chloe Spiegel
- Department of Neurology, Austin HealthHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
| | - Wesley Thevathasan
- Department of Medicine, Austin HealthUniversity of MelbourneHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
- Bionics InstituteEast MelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Melbourne, and Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Annie Roten
- Department of Neurology, Austin HealthHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
| | - Kristian J. Bulluss
- Bionics InstituteEast MelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Austin HealthHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - John S. Archer
- Department of Medicine, Austin HealthUniversity of MelbourneHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Neurology, Austin HealthHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
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18
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Li X, Deng D, Cataltepe G, Román Á, Buckley CR, Cassano Monte‐Bello C, Skirycz A, Caldana C, Haydon MJ. A reactive oxygen species Ca 2+ signalling pathway identified from a chemical screen for modifiers of sugar-activated circadian gene expression. New Phytol 2022; 236:1027-1041. [PMID: 35842791 PMCID: PMC9804775 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sugars are essential metabolites for energy and anabolism that can also act as signals to regulate plant physiology and development. Experimental tools to disrupt major sugar signalling pathways are limited. We performed a chemical screen for modifiers of activation of circadian gene expression by sugars to discover pharmacological tools to investigate and manipulate plant sugar signalling. Using a library of commercially available bioactive compounds, we identified 75 confident hits that modified the response of a circadian luciferase reporter to sucrose in dark-adapted Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. We validated the transcriptional effect on a subset of the hits and measured their effects on a range of sugar-dependent phenotypes for 13 of these chemicals. Chemicals were identified that appear to influence known and unknown sugar signalling pathways. Pentamidine isethionate was identified as a modifier of a sugar-activated Ca2+ signal that acts as a calmodulin inhibitor downstream of superoxide in a metabolic signalling pathway affecting circadian rhythms, primary metabolism and plant growth. Our data provide a resource of new experimental tools to manipulate plant sugar signalling and identify novel components of these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVic.3010Australia
| | - Dongjing Deng
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVic.3010Australia
| | - Gizem Cataltepe
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVic.3010Australia
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology14476PotsdamGermany
| | - Ángela Román
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVic.3010Australia
| | | | | | | | - Camila Caldana
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology14476PotsdamGermany
| | - Michael J. Haydon
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVic.3010Australia
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19
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Chmiel A, Kiernan F, Garrido S, Lensen S, Hickey M, Davidson JW. Creativity in lockdown: Understanding how music and the arts supported mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic by age group. Front Psychol 2022; 13:993259. [PMID: 36275233 PMCID: PMC9583145 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.993259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research has indicated that many people around the world turned to artistic creative activities (ACAs) to support their mental health during COVID-19 lockdowns. However, studies have also shown that the negative psychosocial impacts of the pandemic have disproportionately affected young people, suggesting that the use of ACAs to support mental health in lockdown may have varied across age groups. This study investigated how Australians in four different age groups (18–24, 25–34, 35–54, and 55+) engaged in ACAs to support their mental health during the 2020 pandemic lockdowns. Participants (N = 653) recruited from the general public completed an online survey between May and October 2020, in which they reported which ACAs they had undertaken during the pandemic using an established list. Participants subsequently ranked undertaken ACAs in terms of effectiveness at making them “feel better,” and those who had engaged in musical ACAs also completed the Musical Engagement Questionnaire (MusEQ). Additionally, ratings of anxiety (GAD7) and depression (PHQ9) symptoms were obtained and examined for potential variations across four diverse variables: age, exercise, gender and state/territory of residence. ACA rankings showed that younger participants overwhelmingly rated musical activities as most effective, while, with the exception of singing, those aged 55+ rated non-musical activities as being most effective. These differences were further supported by ratings for all six MusEQ subscales, with responses strongly indicating that the youngest participants (aged 18–24) used music in significantly different ways during the pandemic than participants in all other age groups. Specifically, these youngest participants were more likely to integrate music into daily life, use music for emotion regulation, respond to music in embodied ways, and use music to perform a social identity. In line with prior research, further analyses indicated that symptoms of anxiety and depression were lessened for older participants, as well for those who reported exercising more during the lockdowns. These findings provide insight into how ACAs can support mental health during a pandemic crisis for specific age groups, which may inform future policy directions, and suggestions for how this can be done are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Chmiel
- Melbourne Conservatorium of Music, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Creativity and Wellbeing Hallmark Research Initiative (CAWRI), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Anthony Chmiel,
| | - Frederic Kiernan
- Melbourne Conservatorium of Music, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sandra Garrido
- Creativity and Wellbeing Hallmark Research Initiative (CAWRI), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah Lensen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Martha Hickey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jane W. Davidson
- Melbourne Conservatorium of Music, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Creativity and Wellbeing Hallmark Research Initiative (CAWRI), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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20
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Gupta MK, Viejo CG, Fuentes S, Torrico DD, Saturno PC, Gras SL, Dunshea FR, Cottrell JJ. Digital technologies to assess yoghurt quality traits and consumers acceptability. J Sci Food Agric 2022; 102:5642-5652. [PMID: 35368112 PMCID: PMC9544762 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensory biometrics provide advantages for consumer tasting by quantifying physiological changes and the emotional response from participants, removing variability associated with self-reported responses. The present study aimed to measure consumers' emotional and physiological responses towards different commercial yoghurts, including dairy and plant-based yoghurts. The physiochemical properties of these products were also measured and linked with consumer responses. RESULTS Six samples (Control, Coconut, Soy, Berry, Cookies and Drinkable) were evaluated for overall liking by n = 62 consumers using a nine-point hedonic scale. Videos from participants were recorded using the Bio-Sensory application during tasting to assess emotions and heart rate. Physicochemical parameters Brix, pH, density, color (L, a and b), firmness and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy were also measured. Principal component analysis and a correlation matrix were used to assess relationships between the measured parameters. Heart rate was positively related to firmness, yaw head movement and overall liking, which were further associated with the Cookies sample. Two machine learning regression models were developed using (i) NIR absorbance values as inputs to predict the physicochemical parameters (Model 1) and (ii) the outputs from Model 1 as inputs to predict consumers overall liking (Model 2). Both models presented very high accuracy (Model 1: R = 0.98; Model 2: R = 0.99). CONCLUSION The presented methods were shown to be highly accurate and reliable with respect to their potential use by the industry to assess yoghurt quality traits and acceptability. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitali K Gupta
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
- Future Food Hallmark Research InitiativeThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Claudia Gonzalez Viejo
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
- Digital Agriculture, Food and Wine groupThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Sigfredo Fuentes
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
- Digital Agriculture, Food and Wine groupThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Damir D Torrico
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular BiosciencesLincoln UniversityLincolnNew Zealand
| | - Patrizia Camille Saturno
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
- Philippine Carabao Center (PCC), National Headquarters and Gene Pool, Science City of MuñozPalayanPhilippines
| | - Sally L Gras
- Future Food Hallmark Research InitiativeThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
- Department of Chemical Engineering and The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Frank R Dunshea
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
- Future Food Hallmark Research InitiativeThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
- Faculty of Biological SciencesThe University of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Jeremy J Cottrell
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
- Future Food Hallmark Research InitiativeThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
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21
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Rajendran NR, Qureshi N, Pourkheirandish M. Genotyping by Sequencing Advancements in Barley. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:931423. [PMID: 36003814 PMCID: PMC9394214 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.931423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Barley is considered an ideal crop to study cereal genetics due to its close relationship with wheat and diploid ancestral genome. It plays a crucial role in reducing risks to global food security posed by climate change. Genetic variations in the traits of interest in crops are vital for their improvement. DNA markers have been widely used to estimate these variations in populations. With the advancements in next-generation sequencing, breeders could access different types of genetic variations within different lines, with single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) being the most common type. However, genotyping barley with whole genome sequencing (WGS) is challenged by the higher cost and computational demand caused by the large genome size (5.5GB) and a high proportion of repetitive sequences (80%). Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) protocols based on restriction enzymes and target enrichment allow a cost-effective SNP discovery by reducing the genome complexity. In general, GBS has opened up new horizons for plant breeding and genetics. Though considered a reliable alternative to WGS, GBS also presents various computational difficulties, but GBS-specific pipelines are designed to overcome these challenges. Moreover, a robust design for GBS can facilitate the imputation to the WGS level of crops with high linkage disequilibrium. The complete exploitation of GBS advancements will pave the way to a better understanding of crop genetics and offer opportunities for the successful improvement of barley and its close relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmal Raj Rajendran
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Naeela Qureshi
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), El Batan, Texcoco, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Mohammad Pourkheirandish
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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22
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Ishihara T, Griffith OW, Suzuki S, Renfree MB. Presence of H3K4me3 on Paternally Expressed Genes of the Paternal Genome From Sperm to Implantation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:838684. [PMID: 35359448 PMCID: PMC8960379 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.838684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting, parent-of-origin-specific gene expression, is controlled by differential epigenetic status of the parental chromosomes. While DNA methylation and suppressive histone modifications established during gametogenesis suppress imprinted genes on the inactive allele, how and when the expressed allele gains its active status is not clear. In this study, we asked whether the active histone-3 lysine-4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) marks remain at paternally expressed genes (PEGs) in sperm and embryos before and after fertilization using published data. Here we show that mouse sperm had the active H3K4me3 at more than half of known PEGs, and these genes were present even after fertilization. Using reciprocal cross data, we identified 13 new transient PEGs during zygotic genome activation. Next, we confirmed that the 12 out of the 13 new transient PEGs were associated with the paternal H3K4me3 in sperm. Nine out of the 12 genes were associated with the paternal H3K4me3 in zygotes. Our results show that paternal H3K4me3 marks escape inactivation during the histone-to-protamine transition that occurs during sperm maturation and are present in embryos from early zygotic stages up to implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruhito Ishihara
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Oliver W. Griffith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shunsuke Suzuki
- Department of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Marilyn B. Renfree
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Marilyn B. Renfree,
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23
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Fidelito G, Watt MJ, Taylor RA. Personalized Medicine for Prostate Cancer: Is Targeting Metabolism a Reality? Front Oncol 2022; 11:778761. [PMID: 35127483 PMCID: PMC8813754 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.778761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer invokes major shifts in gene transcription and metabolic signaling to mediate alterations in nutrient acquisition and metabolic substrate selection when compared to normal tissues. Exploiting such metabolic reprogramming is proposed to enable the development of targeted therapies for prostate cancer, yet there are several challenges to overcome before this becomes a reality. Herein, we outline the role of several nutrients known to contribute to prostate tumorigenesis, including fatty acids, glucose, lactate and glutamine, and discuss the major factors contributing to variability in prostate cancer metabolism, including cellular heterogeneity, genetic drivers and mutations, as well as complexity in the tumor microenvironment. The review draws from original studies employing immortalized prostate cancer cells, as well as more complex experimental models, including animals and humans, that more accurately reflect the complexity of the in vivo tumor microenvironment. In synthesizing this information, we consider the feasibility and potential limitations of implementing metabolic therapies for prostate cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gio Fidelito
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthew J. Watt
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Renea A. Taylor, ; Matthew J. Watt,
| | - Renea A. Taylor
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Cancer Program, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Prostate Cancer Research Program, Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Renea A. Taylor, ; Matthew J. Watt,
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24
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Sisodiya SM, Whelan CD, Hatton SN, Huynh K, Altmann A, Ryten M, Vezzani A, Caligiuri ME, Labate A, Gambardella A, Ives‐Deliperi V, Meletti S, Munsell BC, Bonilha L, Tondelli M, Rebsamen M, Rummel C, Vaudano AE, Wiest R, Balachandra AR, Bargalló N, Bartolini E, Bernasconi A, Bernasconi N, Bernhardt B, Caldairou B, Carr SJ, Cavalleri GL, Cendes F, Concha L, Desmond PM, Domin M, Duncan JS, Focke NK, Guerrini R, Hamandi K, Jackson GD, Jahanshad N, Kälviäinen R, Keller SS, Kochunov P, Kowalczyk MA, Kreilkamp BA, Kwan P, Lariviere S, Lenge M, Lopez SM, Martin P, Mascalchi M, Moreira JC, Morita‐Sherman ME, Pardoe HR, Pariente JC, Raviteja K, Rocha CS, Rodríguez‐Cruces R, Seeck M, Semmelroch MK, Sinclair B, Soltanian‐Zadeh H, Stein DJ, Striano P, Taylor PN, Thomas RH, Thomopoulos SI, Velakoulis D, Vivash L, Weber B, Yasuda CL, Zhang J, Thompson PM, McDonald CR. The ENIGMA-Epilepsy working group: Mapping disease from large data sets. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 43:113-128. [PMID: 32468614 PMCID: PMC8675408 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common and serious neurological disorder, with many different constituent conditions characterized by their electro clinical, imaging, and genetic features. MRI has been fundamental in advancing our understanding of brain processes in the epilepsies. Smaller-scale studies have identified many interesting imaging phenomena, with implications both for understanding pathophysiology and improving clinical care. Through the infrastructure and concepts now well-established by the ENIGMA Consortium, ENIGMA-Epilepsy was established to strengthen epilepsy neuroscience by greatly increasing sample sizes, leveraging ideas and methods established in other ENIGMA projects, and generating a body of collaborating scientists and clinicians to drive forward robust research. Here we review published, current, and future projects, that include structural MRI, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and resting state functional MRI (rsfMRI), and that employ advanced methods including structural covariance, and event-based modeling analysis. We explore age of onset- and duration-related features, as well as phenomena-specific work focusing on particular epilepsy syndromes or phenotypes, multimodal analyses focused on understanding the biology of disease progression, and deep learning approaches. We encourage groups who may be interested in participating to make contact to further grow and develop ENIGMA-Epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay M. Sisodiya
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- Chalfont Centre for EpilepsyBucksUK
| | - Christopher D. Whelan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular TherapeuticsThe Royal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland
| | - Sean N. Hatton
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and GeneticsUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Khoa Huynh
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and GeneticsUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Andre Altmann
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Mina Ryten
- UCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
| | - Annamaria Vezzani
- Department of NeuroscienceIstituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Maria Eugenia Caligiuri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity “Magna Græcia" of CatanzaroCatanzaroItaly
| | - Angelo Labate
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity “Magna Græcia" of CatanzaroCatanzaroItaly
- Institute of NeurologyUniversity “Magna Græcia" of CatanzaroCatanzaroItaly
| | - Antonio Gambardella
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity “Magna Græcia" of CatanzaroCatanzaroItaly
- Institute of NeurologyUniversity “Magna Græcia" of CatanzaroCatanzaroItaly
| | | | - Stefano Meletti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural SciencesUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly
- Neurology UnitOCB Hospital, AOU ModenaModenaItaly
| | - Brent C. Munsell
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Leonardo Bonilha
- Department of NeurologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
| | | | - Michael Rebsamen
- Support Center for Advanced NeuroimagingUniversity Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Christian Rummel
- Support Center for Advanced NeuroimagingUniversity Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Anna Elisabetta Vaudano
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural SciencesUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly
- Neurology UnitOCB Hospital, AOU ModenaModenaItaly
| | - Roland Wiest
- Support Center for Advanced NeuroimagingUniversity Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Akshara R. Balachandra
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and GeneticsUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Boston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Núria Bargalló
- Magnetic Resonance Image Core FacilityInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Radiology Department of Center of Image DiagnosisHospital Clinic de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Emanuele Bartolini
- Neurology UnitUSL Centro Toscana, Nuovo Ospedale Santo StefanoPratoItaly
| | - Andrea Bernasconi
- Neuroimaging of Epilepsy LaboratoryMontreal Neurological Institute, McGill UniversityMontrealQuébecCanada
| | - Neda Bernasconi
- Neuroimaging of Epilepsy LaboratoryMontreal Neurological Institute, McGill UniversityMontrealQuébecCanada
| | - Boris Bernhardt
- McConnell Brain Imaging CenterMontreal Neurological Institute, McGill UniversityMontrealQuébecCanada
| | - Benoit Caldairou
- Neuroimaging of Epilepsy LaboratoryMontreal Neurological Institute, McGill UniversityMontrealQuébecCanada
| | - Sarah J.A. Carr
- NeuroscienceInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceLondonUK
| | - Gianpiero L. Cavalleri
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular SciencesThe Royal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research CentreDublinIreland
| | - Fernando Cendes
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimaging LaboratoryUniversity of Campinas – UNICAMPCampinasSão PauloBrazil
| | - Luis Concha
- Instituto de NeurobiologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoQuerétaroMexico
| | - Patricia M. Desmond
- Department of RadiologyRoyal Melbourne Hospital, University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Martin Domin
- Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and NeuroradiologyUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - John S. Duncan
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- Chalfont Centre for EpilepsyBucksUK
| | - Niels K. Focke
- University Medicine GöttingenClinical NeurophysiologyGöttingenGermany
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and LaboratoriesChildren's Hospital A. Meyer‐University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Khalid Hamandi
- The Wales Epilepsy Unit, Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospital of WalesCardiffUK
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of PsychologyCardiff UniversityCardiffUK
| | - Graeme D. Jackson
- Department of NeurologyAustin HealthHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics CenterMark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaMarina del ReyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Reetta Kälviäinen
- Kuopio University HospitalMember of EpiCARE ERNKuopioFinland
- Institute of Clinical MedicineNeurology, University of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | - Simon S. Keller
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative BiologyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
- The Walton CentreNHS Foundation TrustLiverpoolUK
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Magdalena A. Kowalczyk
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Barbara A.K. Kreilkamp
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative BiologyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
- The Walton CentreNHS Foundation TrustLiverpoolUK
| | - Patrick Kwan
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Sara Lariviere
- McConnell Brain Imaging CenterMontreal Neurological Institute, McGill UniversityMontrealQuébecCanada
| | - Matteo Lenge
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and LaboratoriesChildren's Hospital A. Meyer‐University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
- Functional and Epilepsy Neurosurgery Unit, Neurosurgery DepartmentChildren's Hospital A. Meyer‐University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Seymour M. Lopez
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Pascal Martin
- Department of Neurology and EpileptologyHertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University Hospital TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Mario Mascalchi
- 'Mario Serio' Department of Clinical and Experimental Medical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - José C.V. Moreira
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimaging LaboratoryUniversity of Campinas – UNICAMPCampinasSão PauloBrazil
| | - Marcia E. Morita‐Sherman
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimaging LaboratoryUniversity of Campinas – UNICAMPCampinasSão PauloBrazil
- Cleveland Clinic Neurological InstituteClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Heath R. Pardoe
- Department of NeurologyNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Jose C. Pariente
- Magnetic Resonance Image Core FacilityInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Kotikalapudi Raviteja
- Department of Neurology and EpileptologyHertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University Hospital TübingenTübingenGermany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional NeuroradiologyUniversity Hospitals TübingenTübingenGermany
- Department of Clinical NeurophysiologyUniversity Hospital GöttingenGoettingenGermany
| | - Cristiane S. Rocha
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimaging LaboratoryUniversity of Campinas – UNICAMPCampinasSão PauloBrazil
| | - Raúl Rodríguez‐Cruces
- Instituto de NeurobiologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoQuerétaroMexico
- Montreal Neurological Institute and HospitalMcGill UniversityMontrealQuébecCanada
| | | | - Mira K.H.G. Semmelroch
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthAustin CampusHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
| | - Benjamin Sinclair
- Department of NeuroscienceMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Alfred HealthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Hamid Soltanian‐Zadeh
- Radiology and Research AdministrationHenry Ford Health SystemDetroitMichiganUSA
- School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringCollege of Engineering, University of TehranTehranIran
| | - Dan J. Stein
- South African Medical Research Council Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Dept of Psychiatry & Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of Cape Townon Risk & Resilience in Mental DisordersCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Pasquale Striano
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases UnitIRCCS Istituto 'G. Gaslini'GenovaItaly
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child HealthUniversity of GenovaItaly
| | - Peter N. Taylor
- School of ComputingNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Rhys H. Thomas
- Institute of Translational and Clinical ResearchNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Sophia I. Thomopoulos
- Imaging Genetics CenterMark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaMarina del ReyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Dennis Velakoulis
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne HospitalUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaUK
- Department of NeuropsychiatryRoyal Melbourne HospitalParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Lucy Vivash
- Department of NeuroscienceMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of NeurologyRoyal Melbourne HospitalMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Bernd Weber
- Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition ResearchUniversity of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Clarissa Lin Yasuda
- Department of Neurology and Neuroimaging LaboratoryUniversity of Campinas – UNICAMPCampinasSão PauloBrazil
| | - Junsong Zhang
- Cognitive Science DepartmentSchool of Informatics, Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics CenterMark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaMarina del ReyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Carrie R. McDonald
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
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