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Burada F, Streata I, Ungureanu A, Ruican D, Nagy R, Serban-Sosoi S, Stambouli D, Dimos L, Popescu-Hobeanu G, Mihai I, Iliescu D. Prenatal diagnosis of a pure 15q distal trisomy derived from a maternal pericentric inversion: A case report. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:304. [PMID: 33717247 PMCID: PMC7885063 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Distal trisomy or duplication of 15q is a very rare chromosomal disorder; most of the previously reported cases were derived from unbalanced translocations involving chromosome 15 and another chromosome, whereas other mechanisms (e.g. duplication) have rarely been reported. We herein report a very rare prenatal case of a partial 15q trisomy, a 42.64-Mb duplication of 15q22.2-q26.3, arising from a maternal pericentric inversion of chromosome 15 (p11q22) that was not the result of an unbalanced translocation or duplication, and was not associated with concomitant partial monosomy. Fetal ultrasound revealed isolated thickened nuchal translucency at 12 weeks and multiple abnormalities in the second trimester, including early growth restriction, unilateral ventriculomegaly, narrow cavum septi pellucidi with hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, unilateral postaxial polydactyly, clenched hands and clubfoot with clawing of the toes, and a particular general dysplastic and hypotrophic aspect of the heart. The distinctive aspects of the present case may help to refine the phenotype associated with distal duplication 15q. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a prenatal diagnosis with a 15q22.2-q26.3 duplication that did not result from an unbalanced translocation and did not have a concomitant monosomic component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florin Burada
- Human Genomics Laboratory, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.,Regional Center of Medical Genetics Dolj, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Craiova, 200642 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ioana Streata
- Human Genomics Laboratory, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.,Regional Center of Medical Genetics Dolj, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Craiova, 200642 Craiova, Romania
| | - Anda Ungureanu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.,Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Craiova, 200642 Craiova, Romania
| | - Dan Ruican
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Rodica Nagy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Simona Serban-Sosoi
- Human Genomics Laboratory, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.,Regional Center of Medical Genetics Dolj, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Craiova, 200642 Craiova, Romania
| | | | - Luiza Dimos
- Cytogenomic Medical Laboratory, 014453 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela Popescu-Hobeanu
- Human Genomics Laboratory, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ioana Mihai
- Human Genomics Laboratory, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.,Regional Center of Medical Genetics Dolj, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Craiova, 200642 Craiova, Romania
| | - Dominic Iliescu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
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Hu X, Li L, Zhang H, Hu Z, Li L, Sun M, Liu R. Prenatal diagnosis of a de novo tetrasomy 15q24.3-25.3: Case report and literature review. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23288. [PMID: 32185823 PMCID: PMC7370735 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Terminal duplication on chromosome 15q is a rare chromosomal variation. Affected individuals show similar features such as growth dysplasia or the development of frontal bossing, body deformities, facial abnormalities, and genitourinary or cardiovascular disorders. However, it is not yet clear whether such 15q repeats lead to identifiable patterns of clinical abnormalities. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the prenatal diagnostic results and clinical manifestations of a fetus with 15q duplication and to summarize the literature. METHODS The case was a fetus at 28 weeks of gestation. The risk of Down syndrome from second-trimester screening was 1/140. Prenatal ultrasound and amniocentesis were performed, and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) was used for genetic analysis. RESULTS The fetus had abnormal clinical features, including intracardiac echogenic focus in the left ventricle, an aberrant right subclavian artery, and growth delay. The fetal chromosomal karyotype was 46,XX,15q?,12q?,21pstk+, and CMA revealed a 10.163 Mb duplication at 15q24.3-q25.3. The couple chose to terminate the pregnancy after careful consideration. CONCLUSIONS The combination and rational application of cytogenetics technology and molecular genetics technology such as CMA will open up the field of clinical application and provide useful genetic counseling for parents of fetuses carrying such chromosomal duplications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Hu
- Reproductive Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Leilei Li
- Reproductive Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongguo Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhuming Hu
- Reproductive Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Linlin Li
- Reproductive Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meiling Sun
- Reproductive Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruizhi Liu
- Reproductive Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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3
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Nakai N, Nagano M, Saitow F, Watanabe Y, Kawamura Y, Kawamoto A, Tamada K, Mizuma H, Onoe H, Watanabe Y, Monai H, Hirase H, Nakatani J, Inagaki H, Kawada T, Miyazaki T, Watanabe M, Sato Y, Okabe S, Kitamura K, Kano M, Hashimoto K, Suzuki H, Takumi T. Serotonin rebalances cortical tuning and behavior linked to autism symptoms in 15q11-13 CNV mice. Sci Adv 2017; 3:e1603001. [PMID: 28691086 PMCID: PMC5479676 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1603001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Serotonin is a critical modulator of cortical function, and its metabolism is defective in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) brain. How serotonin metabolism regulates cortical physiology and contributes to the pathological and behavioral symptoms of ASD remains unknown. We show that normal serotonin levels are essential for the maintenance of neocortical excitation/inhibition balance, correct sensory stimulus tuning, and social behavior. Conversely, low serotonin levels in 15q dup mice (a model for ASD with the human 15q11-13 duplication) result in impairment of the same phenotypes. Restoration of normal serotonin levels in 15q dup mice revealed the reversibility of a subset of ASD-related symptoms in the adult. These findings suggest that serotonin may have therapeutic potential for discrete ASD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Nakai
- RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Nagano
- Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Fumihito Saitow
- Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Watanabe
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
- Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Corresponding author. (T.T.); (H.S.); (Yasuhito Watanabe)
| | - Yoshinobu Kawamura
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Akiko Kawamoto
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Kota Tamada
- RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mizuma
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Chuo, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Onoe
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Chuo, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | | | - Hiromu Monai
- RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hajime Hirase
- RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Jin Nakatani
- Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Inagaki
- Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kawada
- Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Taisuke Miyazaki
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yuka Sato
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Shigeo Okabe
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kitamura
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Masanobu Kano
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Kouichi Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Hidenori Suzuki
- Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
- Corresponding author. (T.T.); (H.S.); (Yasuhito Watanabe)
| | - Toru Takumi
- RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
- Corresponding author. (T.T.); (H.S.); (Yasuhito Watanabe)
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Urraca N, Potter B, Hundley R, Pivnick EK, McVicar K, Thibert RL, Ledbetter C, Chamberlain R, Miravalle L, Sirois CL, Chamberlain S, Reiter LT. A Rare Inherited 15q11.2-q13.1 Interstitial Duplication with Maternal Somatic Mosaicism, Renal Carcinoma, and Autism. Front Genet 2016; 7:205. [PMID: 27933089 PMCID: PMC5122884 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2016.00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosome 15q11-q13.1 duplication is a common copy number variant associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Most cases are de novo, maternal in origin and fully penetrant for ASD. Here, we describe a unique family with an interstitial 15q11.2-q13.1 maternal duplication and the presence of somatic mosaicism in the mother. She is typically functioning, but formal autism testing showed mild ASD. She had several congenital anomalies, and she is the first 15q Duplication case reported in the literature to develop unilateral renal carcinoma. Her two affected children share some of these clinical characteristics, and have severe ASD. Several tissues in the mother, including blood, skin, a kidney tumor, and normal kidney margin tissues were studied for the presence of the 15q11-q13.1 duplication. We show the mother has somatic mosaicism for the duplication in several tissues to varying degrees. A growth competition assay in two types of stem cells from duplication 15q individuals was also performed. Our results suggest that the presence of this interstitial duplication 15q chromosome may confer a previously unknown growth advantage in this particular individual, but not in the general interstitial duplication 15q population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Urraca
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphis, TN, USA; Pediatric Clinical Research Unit, Le Bonheur Children's HospitalMemphis, TN, USA
| | - Brian Potter
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphis, TN, USA; Neuroscience Institute, Le Bonheur Children's HospitalMemphis, TN, USA
| | - Rachel Hundley
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eniko K Pivnick
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphis, TN, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphis, TN, USA
| | - Kathryn McVicar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ronald L Thibert
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher Ledbetter
- Department of Urology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Carissa L Sirois
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Stormy Chamberlain
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Lawrence T Reiter
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphis, TN, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphis, TN, USA
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5
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Germain ND, Chen PF, Plocik AM, Glatt-Deeley H, Brown J, Fink JJ, Bolduc KA, Robinson TM, Levine ES, Reiter LT, Graveley BR, Lalande M, Chamberlain SJ. Gene expression analysis of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons carrying copy number variants of chromosome 15q11-q13.1. Mol Autism 2014; 5:44. [PMID: 25694803 PMCID: PMC4332023 DOI: 10.1186/2040-2392-5-44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Duplications of the chromosome 15q11-q13.1 region are associated with an estimated 1 to 3% of all autism cases, making this copy number variation (CNV) one of the most frequent chromosome abnormalities associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Several genes located within the 15q11-q13.1 duplication region including ubiquitin protein ligase E3A (UBE3A), the gene disrupted in Angelman syndrome (AS), are involved in neural function and may play important roles in the neurobehavioral phenotypes associated with chromosome 15q11-q13.1 duplication (Dup15q) syndrome. Methods We have generated induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from five different individuals containing CNVs of 15q11-q13.1. The iPSC lines were differentiated into mature, functional neurons. Gene expression across the 15q11-q13.1 locus was compared among the five iPSC lines and corresponding iPSC-derived neurons using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Genome-wide gene expression was compared between neurons derived from three iPSC lines using mRNA-Seq. Results Analysis of 15q11-q13.1 gene expression in neurons derived from Dup15q iPSCs reveals that gene copy number does not consistently predict expression levels in cells with interstitial duplications of 15q11-q13.1. mRNA-Seq experiments show that there is substantial overlap in the genes differentially expressed between 15q11-q13.1 deletion and duplication neurons, Finally, we demonstrate that UBE3A transcripts can be pharmacologically rescued to normal levels in iPSC-derived neurons with a 15q11-q13.1 duplication. Conclusions Chromatin structure may influence gene expression across the 15q11-q13.1 region in neurons. Genome-wide analyses suggest that common neuronal pathways may be disrupted in both the Angelman and Dup15q syndromes. These data demonstrate that our disease-specific stem cell models provide a new tool to decipher the underlying cellular and genetic disease mechanisms of ASD and may also offer a pathway to novel therapeutic intervention in Dup15q syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelle D Germain
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, 400 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Pin-Fang Chen
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, 400 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Alex M Plocik
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, 400 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Heather Glatt-Deeley
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, 400 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Judith Brown
- Chromosome Core, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, 354 Mansfield Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - James J Fink
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Kaitlyn A Bolduc
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Tiwanna M Robinson
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Eric S Levine
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Lawrence T Reiter
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 855 Monroe Avenue, Suite 415, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Brenton R Graveley
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, 400 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06032, USA ; University of Connecticut Institute for Systems Genomics, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Marc Lalande
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, 400 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Stormy J Chamberlain
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, 400 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
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Mascelli S, Severino M, Raso A, Nozza P, Tassano E, Morana G, De Marco P, Merello E, Milanaccio C, Pavanello M, Rossi A, Cama A, Garrè ML, Capra V. Constitutional chromosomal events at 22q11 and 15q26 in a child with a pilocytic astrocytoma of the spinal cord. Mol Cytogenet 2014; 7:31. [PMID: 24860619 PMCID: PMC4032172 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-7-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on a 9-years-old patient with mild intellectual disability, facial dimorphisms, bilateral semicircular canal dysplasia, periventricular nodular heterotopias, bilateral hippocampal malrotation and abnormal cerebellar foliation, who developed mild motor impairment and gait disorder due to a pilocytic astrocytoma of the spinal cord. Array-CGH analysis revealed two paternal inherited chromosomal events: a 484.3 Kb duplication on chromosome 15q26.3 and a 247 Kb deletion on 22q11.23. Further, a second de novo 1.5 Mb deletion on 22q11.21 occurred. Chromosome 22 at q11.2 and chromosome 15 at q24q26 are considered unstable regions subjected to copy number variations, i.e. structural alterations of genome, mediated by low copy repeat sequences or segmental duplications. The link between some structural CNVs, which compromise fundamental processes controlling DNA stability, and genomic disorders suggest a plausible scenario for cancer predisposition. Evaluation of the genes at the breakpoints cannot account simultaneously for the phenotype and tumour development in this patient. The two paternal inherited CNVs arguably are not pathogenic and do not contribute to the clinical manifestations. Similarly, although the de novo large deletion at 22q11.21 overlaps with the Di George (DGS) critical region and results in haploinsufficiency of genes compromising critical processes for DNA stability, this case lacks several hallmarks of DGS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alessandro Raso
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Nozza
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Tassano
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Morana
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Merello
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Marco Pavanello
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Rossi
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Armando Cama
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Capra
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
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7
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Christofolini DM, Piazzon FB, Evo C, Mafra FA, Cosenza SR, Dias AT, Barbosa CP, Bianco B, Kulikowski LD. Complex small supernumerary marker chromosome with a 15q/16p duplication: clinical implications. Mol Cytogenet 2014; 7:29. [PMID: 24839463 PMCID: PMC4023550 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-7-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Complex small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMCs) consist of chromosomal material derived from more than one chromosome and have been implicated in reproductive problems such as recurrent pregnancy loss. They may also be associated with congenital abnormalities in the offspring of carriers. Due to its genomic architecture, chromosome 15 is frequently associated with rearrangements and the formation of sSMCs. Recently, several different CNVs have been described at 16p11.2, suggesting that this region is prone to rearrangements. Results We detected the concomitant occurrence of partial trisomy 15q and 16p, due to a complex sSMC, in a 6-year-old girl with clinical phenotypic. The karyotype was analyzed by G and C banding, NOR staining, FISH and SNP array and defined as 47,XX,+der(15)t(15;16)(q13;p13.2)mat. The array assay revealed an unexpected complex sSMC containing material from chromosomes 15 and 16, due to an inherited maternal translocation (passed along over several generations). The patient’s phenotype included microsomia, intellectual disability, speech delay, hearing impairment, dysphagia and other minor alterations. Discussion This is the first report on the concomitant occurrence of partial trisomy 15q and 16p. The wide range of phenotypes associated with complex sSMCs represents a challenge for genotype-phenotype correlation studies, accurate clinical assessment of patients and genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise M Christofolini
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Genetics Division, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC - FMABC, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavia B Piazzon
- Department of Pathology, Cytogenomics Laboratory, LIM 03, HC-FMUSP, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar 255, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Carolina Evo
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Genetics Division, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC - FMABC, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda A Mafra
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Genetics Division, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC - FMABC, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stella R Cosenza
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Genetics Division, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC - FMABC, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre T Dias
- Department of Pathology, Cytogenomics Laboratory, LIM 03, HC-FMUSP, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar 255, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Caio P Barbosa
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Genetics Division, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC - FMABC, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bianca Bianco
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Genetics Division, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC - FMABC, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leslie D Kulikowski
- Department of Pathology, Cytogenomics Laboratory, LIM 03, HC-FMUSP, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar 255, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
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8
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Urraca N, Cleary J, Brewer V, Pivnick EK, McVicar K, Thibert RL, Schanen NC, Esmer C, Lamport D, Reiter LT. The interstitial duplication 15q11.2-q13 syndrome includes autism, mild facial anomalies and a characteristic EEG signature. Autism Res 2013; 6:268-79. [PMID: 23495136 PMCID: PMC3884762 DOI: 10.1002/aur.1284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal copy number variants (CNV) are the most common genetic lesion found in autism. Many autism-associated CNVs are duplications of chromosome 15q. Although most cases of interstitial (int) dup(15) that present clinically are de novo and maternally derived or inherited, both pathogenic and unaffected paternal duplications of 15q have been identified. We performed a phenotype/genotype analysis of individuals with interstitial 15q duplications to broaden our understanding of the 15q syndrome and investigate the contribution of 15q duplication to increased autism risk. All subjects were recruited solely on the basis of interstitial duplication 15q11.2-q13 status. Comparative array genome hybridization was used to determine the duplication size and boundaries while the methylation status of the maternally methylated small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide N gene was used to determine the parent of origin of the duplication. We determined the duplication size and parental origin for 14 int dup(15) subjects: 10 maternal and 4 paternal cases. The majority of int dup(15) cases recruited were maternal in origin, most likely due to our finding that maternal duplication was coincident with autism spectrum disorder. The size of the duplication did not correlate with the severity of the phenotype as established by Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale calibrated severity score. We identified phenotypes not comprehensively described before in this cohort including mild facial dysmorphism, sleep problems and an unusual electroencephalogram variant. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that the maternally expressed ubiquitin protein ligase E3A gene is primarily responsible for the autism phenotype in int dup(15) since all maternal cases tested presented on the autism spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Urraca
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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