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Tassano E, Uccella S, Ronchetto P, Martinheira Da Silva JS, Viaggi S, Mancardi M, Ramenghi L, Murri A, Biondi M, Gimelli G, Morerio C, Malacarne M, Coviello D. Interstitial 2q24.2q24.3 Microdeletion: Two New Cases with Similar Clinical Features with the Exception of Profound Deafness. Cytogenet Genome Res 2022; 162:132-139. [PMID: 35896065 DOI: 10.1159/000525181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial 2q24.2q24.3 microdeletions are rare cytogenetic aberrations associated with heterogeneous clinical features depending on the size of the deletion. Here, we describe 2 patients with overlapping de novo 2q24.2q24.3 deletions, characterized by array-CGH. This is the smallest 2q24.2q24.3 region of overlap described in the literature encompassing only 9 genes (SLC4A10, DPP4, GCG, FAP, IFIH1, GCA, KCNH7, FIGN, GRB14). We focused our attention on SLC4A10, DPP4, and KCNH7, genes associated with neurological features. Our patients presented similar features: intellectual disability, developmental and language delay, hypotonia, joint laxity, and dysmorphic features. Only patient 2 showed profound deafness and also carried a heterozygous mutation of the GJB2 gene responsible for autosomal recessive deafness 1A (DFNB1A: OMIM 220290). Could the disruption of a gene present in the 2q24.2q24.3 deleted region be responsible for her profound hearing loss?
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tassano
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy,
| | - Sara Uccella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.,Neonatolgy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Ronchetto
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Joana Soraia Martinheira Da Silva
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Silvia Viaggi
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.,DISTAV, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Luca Ramenghi
- Neonatolgy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Murri
- Unità Operativa di Otorinolaringoiatria, Ospedale Guglielmo da Saliceto, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Marina Biondi
- Unità Operativa di Radiologia, Ospedale Guglielmo da Saliceto, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gimelli
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Cristina Morerio
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michela Malacarne
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Domenico Coviello
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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2
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Servetti M, Pisciotta L, Tassano E, Cerminara M, Nobili L, Boeri S, Rosti G, Lerone M, Divizia MT, Ronchetto P, Puliti A. Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Patients With Complex Phenotypes and Potential Complex Genetic Basis Involving Non-Coding Genes, and Double CNVs. Front Genet 2021; 12:732002. [PMID: 34621295 PMCID: PMC8490884 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.732002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are a heterogeneous class of brain diseases, with a complex genetic basis estimated to account for up to 50% of cases. Nevertheless, genetic diagnostic yield is about 20%. Array-comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) is an established first-level diagnostic test able to detect pathogenic copy number variants (CNVs), however, most identified variants remain of uncertain significance (VUS). Failure of interpretation of VUSs may depend on various factors, including complexity of clinical phenotypes and inconsistency of genotype-phenotype correlations. Indeed, although most NDD-associated CNVs are de novo, transmission from unaffected parents to affected children of CNVs with high risk for NDDs has been observed. Moreover, variability of genetic components overlapped by CNVs, such as long non-coding genes, genomic regions with long-range effects, and additive effects of multiple CNVs can make CNV interpretation challenging. We report on 12 patients with complex phenotypes possibly explained by complex genetic mechanisms, including involvement of antisense genes and boundaries of topologically associating domains. Eight among the 12 patients carried two CNVs, either de novo or inherited, respectively, by each of their healthy parents, that could additively contribute to the patients’ phenotype. CNVs overlapped either known NDD-associated or novel candidate genes (PTPRD, BUD13, GLRA3, MIR4465, ABHD4, and WSCD2). Bioinformatic enrichment analyses showed that genes overlapped by the co-occurring CNVs have synergistic roles in biological processes fundamental in neurodevelopment. Double CNVs could concur in producing deleterious effects, according to a two-hit model, thus explaining the patients’ phenotypes and the incomplete penetrance, and variable expressivity, associated with the single variants. Overall, our findings could contribute to the knowledge on clinical and genetic diagnosis of complex forms of NDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Servetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Livia Pisciotta
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milano, Italy
| | - Elisa Tassano
- Human Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Cerminara
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lino Nobili
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Boeri
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giulia Rosti
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Margherita Lerone
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Ronchetto
- Human Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldamaria Puliti
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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3
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Tassano E, Ronchetto P, Severino M, Divizia MT, Lerone M, Uccella S, Nobili L, Tavella E, Morerio C, Coviello D, Malacarne M. Scoliosis with cognitive impairment in a girl with 8q11.21q11.23 microdeletion and SNTG1 disruption. Bone 2021; 150:116022. [PMID: 34048959 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic scoliosis (IS) is an abnormality of the vertebral column with a spine curvature of at least 10 degrees. It is the most common spinal deformity in children with a prevalence of 2%-3%, and its aetiology is unknown. Genetic factors are known to play a role and a number of linkage analyses showed associations of various loci. Here we describe a new case of a de novo interstitial deletion 8q11.21q11.2 disrupting SNTG1 gene, identified by array-CGH in a girl with cognitive impairment and a scoliosis that 'appears' like to IS. SNTG1 encodes γ-1 Syntrophin protein that is part of the dystrophin associated protein complex and interacts directly with the C-terminal of dystrophin. Its expression is restricted to neurons and particularly in those areas of the brain that have been suggested to affect postural control. The involvement of SNTG1 gene in IS was already been reported in a family with a breakpoint between exons 10 and 11. Mutational analysis of SNTG1 exons in 152 sporadic IS patients had revealed changes in three patients. In conclusion, our data add a further line of evidence suggesting SNTG1 could represent an interesting candidate for its involvement in scoliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Tassano
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - P Ronchetto
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Severino
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - M T Divizia
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Lerone
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - S Uccella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy; Neonatolgy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - L Nobili
- Department of Medical and Surgical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - E Tavella
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - C Morerio
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - D Coviello
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
| | - M Malacarne
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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Tassano E, Uccella S, Severino M, Giacomini T, Nardi F, Gimelli G, Tavella E, Ronchetto P, Malacarne M, Coviello D. Expanding the phenotype associated with interstitial 6p25.1p24.3 microdeletion: a new case and review of the literature. J Genet 2021; 100:9. [PMID: 33707360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Interstitial 6p25.1p24.3 microdeletions are rare events and a clear karyotype/phenotype correlation has not yet been determined. In this study, we present the clinical and molecular description of a child with a de novo 6p25.1p24.3 microdeletion, characterized by array-CGH, associated with mild intellectual disability, facial dysmorphisms, hypopigmentation of the skin of the abdomen, heart defects, mild pontine hypoplasia and hypotonia. This deleted region contains 14 OMIM genes (NRN1, F13A1, RREB1, SSR1, RIOK1, DSP, BMP6, TXNDC5, BLOC1S5, EEF1E1, SLC35B3 and HULC). To the best of our knowledge until now only six cases have been reported presenting an interstitial microdeletion, but a unique case carries a deleted region containing the same genes of our patient. We compared clinical features and genetic data with that of the previously reported patient. We also analysed the gene content of the deleted region to investigate the possible role of specific genes in the clinical phenotype of our patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tassano
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Largo G.Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy.
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Tassano E, Accogli A, Ronchetto P, Tortora D, Tavella E, Gimelli G, Mancardi M, Malacarne M, Coviello DA. 17q23.3 de novo microdeletion involving only TANC2 gene: A new case. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:104094. [PMID: 33160097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.104094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) show a wide range of overlapping clinical features. Intellectual disability (ID), developmental delay (DD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), language and communication disorders with or without motor abnormalities and/or epilepsy have been reported associated to single or multiple genes but in many cases the genetic basis remains unknown. The increasingly use of array-CGH has significantly improved the yield of diagnosing genomic disorders and led to the identification of several novel microdeletion and microduplication syndromes. TANC2 encodes a synaptic scaffold protein interacting with multiple neuropsychiatric disorder-related postsynaptic density (PSD) proteins in dendrites. Here, we describe a new case of TANC2 gene disruption in a 17q23.3 de novo microdeletion identified by array-CGH. The patient presented craniofacial dysmorphic features, hypotonia, and severe cognitive and motor impairment. In conclusion, our data add a further line of evidence supporting the role of TANC2 in NDDs and will help further researches to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of synaptic function and plasticity related to TANC2 haploinsufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Tassano
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
| | - A Accogli
- Unit of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI) - University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - P Ronchetto
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - D Tortora
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - E Tavella
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Gimelli
- Formerly, Laboratory of Cytogenetics, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Mancardi
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Malacarne
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - D A Coviello
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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Fiorio P, Donarini G, Fulcheri E, Meccariello G, Tassano E, Amico G, Paladini D. Prenatal Diagnosis of an Uncommon 48,XX,+18+21 Karyotype in a Fetus With Malformations Typical of Both Trisomies. J Ultrasound Med 2020; 39:2277-2279. [PMID: 32412111 DOI: 10.1002/jum.15336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Fiorio
- Human Genetics Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gloria Donarini
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ezio Fulcheri
- Fetal and Perinatal Pathology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gabriella Meccariello
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Tassano
- Human Genetics Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giulia Amico
- Genetics and Genomics of Rare Diseases Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Children's Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Dario Paladini
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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Villa R, Fergnani VGC, Silipigni R, Guerneri S, Cinnante C, Guala A, Danesino C, Scola E, Conte G, Fumagalli M, Gangi S, Colombo L, Picciolini O, Ajmone PF, Accogli A, Madia F, Tassano E, Scala M, Capra V, Srour M, Spaccini L, Righini A, Greco D, Castiglia L, Romano C, Bedeschi MF. Structural brain anomalies in Cri-du-Chat syndrome: MRI findings in 14 patients and possible genotype-phenotype correlations. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2020; 28:110-119. [PMID: 32800423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cri-du-Chat Syndrome (CdCS) is a genetic condition due to deletions showing different breakpoints encompassing a critical region on the short arm of chromosome 5, located between p15.2 and p15.3, first defined by Niebuhr in 1978. The classic phenotype includes a characteristic cry, peculiar facies, microcephaly, growth retardation, hypotonia, speech and psychomotor delay and intellectual disability. A wide spectrum of clinical manifestations can be attributed to differences in size and localization of the 5p deletion. Several critical regions related to some of the main features (such as cry, peculiar facies, developmental delay) have been identified. The aim of this study is to further define the genotype-phenotype correlations in CdCS with particular regards to the specific neuroradiological findings. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fourteen patients with 5p deletions have been included in the present study. Neuroimaging studies were conducted using brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Genetic testing was performed by means of comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) array at 130 kb resolution. RESULTS MRI analyses showed that isolated pontine hypoplasia is the most common finding, followed by vermian hypoplasia, ventricular anomalies, abnormal basal angle, widening of cavum sellae, increased signal of white matter, corpus callosum anomalies, and anomalies of cortical development. Chromosomal microarray analysis identified deletions ranging in size from 11,6 to 33,8 Mb on the short arm of chromosome 5. Then, we took into consideration the overlapping and non-overlapping deleted regions. The goal was to establish a correlation between the deleted segments and the neuroradiological features of our patients. CONCLUSIONS Performing MRI on all the patients in our cohort, allowed us to expand the neuroradiological phenotype in CdCS. Moreover, possible critical regions associated to characteristic MRI findings have been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Villa
- Medical Genetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - V G C Fergnani
- Medical Genetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - R Silipigni
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - S Guerneri
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - C Cinnante
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - A Guala
- Department of Pediatrics, Castelli Hospital, Verbania, Italy.
| | - C Danesino
- Molecular Medicine Department, General Biology and Medical Genetics Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - E Scola
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - G Conte
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - M Fumagalli
- NICU, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - S Gangi
- NICU, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - L Colombo
- NICU, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - O Picciolini
- Pediatric Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - P F Ajmone
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Service (UONPIA), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy.
| | - A Accogli
- DINOGMI, Università degli Studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
| | - F Madia
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
| | - E Tassano
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
| | - M Scala
- DINOGMI, Università degli Studi di Genova, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
| | - V Capra
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
| | - M Srour
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; McGill University Health Center (MUHC) Research Institute, Montreal, Canada.
| | - L Spaccini
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
| | - A Righini
- Department of Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
| | - D Greco
- Oasi Research Institute, IRCCS, Troina, Italy.
| | - L Castiglia
- Oasi Research Institute, IRCCS, Troina, Italy.
| | - C Romano
- Oasi Research Institute, IRCCS, Troina, Italy.
| | - M F Bedeschi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
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Tassano E, Uccella S, Giacomini T, Fiorio P, Tavella E, Malacarne M, Gimelli G, Coviello D, Ronchetto P. 1p31.1 microdeletion including only NEGR1 gene in two patients. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:103919. [PMID: 32209393 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.103919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1), a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecule subgroup IgLON, has been involved in neuronal growth and connectivity. Genetic variants, in or near the NEGR1 locus, have been associated with obesity and, more recently, with learning difficulties, intellectual disability, and psychiatric disorders. Here, we described the only second report of NEGR1 gene disruption in 1p31.1 microdeletion in two patients. Patient 1 is a 14-year-old female with neurological and psychiatric features present also in her family. Patient 2 is a 5-month-old infant showing global hypotonia as unique neurological features till now. This patient also carries 7p22.1 duplication, of paternal origin, that could be responsible for some malformations present in the child. We hypothesize a role of NEGR1 in producing the phenotype of our patients and compare them with other cases previously reported in the literature and DECIPHER database to better identify a possible genotype-phenotype correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tassano
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy; Laboratorio di Genetica Umana, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Sara Uccella
- Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Thea Giacomini
- Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Fiorio
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy; Laboratorio di Genetica Umana, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Tavella
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy; Laboratorio di Genetica Umana, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michela Malacarne
- Laboratorio di Genetica Umana, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gimelli
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy; Laboratorio di Genetica Umana, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Domenico Coviello
- Laboratorio di Genetica Umana, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Ronchetto
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy; Laboratorio di Genetica Umana, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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Tassano E, Ronchetto P, Calcagno A, Fiorio P, Gimelli G, Capra V, Scala M. 'Distal 16p12.2 microdeletion' in a patient with autosomal recessive deafness-22. J Genet 2019; 98:56. [PMID: 31204719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The 16p12.2 chromosome band contains three large segmental duplications: BP1, BP2 and BP3, providing a substrate for recombination and recurrent chromosomal rearrangements. The '16p12.2 microdeletion' is a recurrent deletion comprised between BP2 and BP3, associated with variable clinical findings. We identified a heterozygous 16p12.2 microdeletion spanning between BP1 and BP2 in a child evaluated for short stature and mild dyslexia. Unexpectedly, the mother carried the same deletion in the homozygous state and suffered from severe hearing loss. Detailed family history revealed consanguinity of the maternal grandparents. The 16p12.2 microdeletion is a rare condition and contains only three genes: METTL9, IGSF6 and OTOA of which the OTOA is considered responsible for DFNB22 hearing loss (MIM: 607039) under its homozygous condition. A number of OTOA mutations have been described, whereas very few cases of a 16p12.2 microdeletion similar to that observed in our family have been reported. In conclusion, we describe a rare 'distal 16p12.2microdeletion' widening the phenotypic spectrum associated with the recurrent 16p12.2 microdeletion and support the causative role of OTOA microdeletion in hearing impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tassano
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy.
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Scala M, Accogli A, Allegri AME, Tassano E, Severino M, Morana G, Maghnie M, Capra V. Familial ROBO1 deletion associated with ectopic posterior pituitary, duplication of the pituitary stalk and anterior pituitary hypoplasia. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2019; 32:95-99. [PMID: 30530901 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2018-0272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background The genetic causes of abnormal pituitary development have been extensively studied in the last few years. ROBO1 is involved in neurogenesis and axon guidance. Loss-of-function variants in ROBO1 have been associated with pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS), suggesting that its haploinsufficiency could impair the guidance of hypothalamic axons to the pituitary gland leading to developmental abnormalities. Case presentation We report a 4.5-year-old girl with anterior pituitary hypoplasia and pituitary stalk duplication in the ventral-dorsal direction. Her father had a similar pituitary phenotype, characterized by anterior pituitary hypoplasia combined with ectopic posterior pituitary. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) microarray analysis identified a 343.7 kb deletion of 3p12.3 encompassing ROBO1 in both individuals. Conclusions We report the first familial ROBO1 deletion in two individuals with peculiar pituitary anomalies, including the rare pituitary stalk duplication in the ventral-dorsal direction. These findings widen the spectrum of the phenotypes associated with ROBO1 haploinsufficiency and support its role in human pituitary development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Scala
- UOC Neurochirurgia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno-Infantili (DINOGMI), Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Accogli
- UOC Neurochirurgia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno-Infantili (DINOGMI), Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Tassano
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Morana
- UOC Neuroradiologia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mohamad Maghnie
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno-Infantili (DINOGMI), Genoa, Italy
- UOC Clinica Pediatrica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Valeria Capra
- UOC Neurochirurgia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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Wallis MJ, Boys A, Tassano E, Delatycki MB. Small interstitial 9p24.3 deletions principally involving KANK1 are likely benign copy number variants. Eur J Med Genet 2019; 63:103618. [PMID: 30684669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A small heterozygous deletion involving KANK1 was originally reported in 2005 to cause cerebral palsy in one large Israeli family of Jewish Moroccan origin. There were nine affected children over two generations to five unaffected fathers. All of these children had congenital hypotonia that evolved into spastic quadriplegia over the first year of life, along with intellectual impairment and brain atrophy. The subsequent clinical depictions of other individuals with neurological disease harbouring a comparable KANK1 deletion have been extremely variable and most often quite dissimilar to the original family. The reported pathogenicity of these deletions has also been variable, due to an inconsistent nature of reported disease associations and limited data. We therefore sought to perform a review of the significance of small distal interstitial chromosome 9p24.3 deletions principally involving KANK1, including data from the VCGS cytogenetics laboratory. We found that carrier parents do not appear to display an increased frequency of neurological disease, individuals with a small KANK1 deletion have sometimes been found to have an alternate genetic diagnosis that explained their neurological condition, and small KANK1 deletions can be seen with approximate equal frequency in case and control populations. These data led us to conclude that small deletions involving KANK1 do not cause a highly-penetrant influence of large effect size and they are unlikely to contribute significantly to the aetiology of disease in patients with development delay, intellectual disability, autism or cerebral palsy. We recommend searching for an alternate explanation for disease in individuals with a neurological disorder found to have a small deletion involving KANK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew J Wallis
- Clinical Genetics Service, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Amber Boys
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Service, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elisa Tassano
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Martin B Delatycki
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Victorian Clinical Genetics Service, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Bruce Lefroy Centre for Genetic Health Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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Tassano E, Uccella S, Giacomini T, Severino M, Fiorio P, Gimelli G, Ronchetto P. Clinical and Molecular Characterization of Two Patients with CNTN6 Copy Number Variations. Cytogenet Genome Res 2018; 156:144-149. [PMID: 30508811 DOI: 10.1159/000494152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Submicroscopic chromosomal alterations usually involve different protein-coding genes and regulatory elements that are responsible for rare contiguous gene disorders, which complicate the understanding of genotype-phenotype correlations. Chromosome band 3p26.3 contains 3 genes encoding neuronal cell adhesion molecules: CHL1, CNTN6, and CNTN4. We describe 2 boys aged 8 years and 11 years mainly affected by intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder, who harbor a paternally inherited 3p26.3 microdeletion and a 3p26.3 microduplication, respectively. Both anomalies involved only the CNTN6 gene, which encodes contactin 6, a member of the contactin family (MIM 607220). Contactins show pronounced brain expression and function. Interestingly, phenotypes in reciprocal microdeletions and microduplications of CNTN6 are very similar. In conclusion, our data, added to those reported in the literature, are particularly significant for understanding the pathogenic effect of single gene dosage alterations. As for other recurrent syndromes with variable phenotype, these findings are challenging in genetic counselling because of an evident variable penetrance.
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Shashi V, Magiera MM, Klein D, Zaki M, Schoch K, Rudnik-Schöneborn S, Norman A, Lopes Abath Neto O, Dusl M, Yuan X, Bartesaghi L, De Marco P, Alfares AA, Marom R, Arold ST, Guzmán-Vega FJ, Pena LD, Smith EC, Steinlin M, Babiker MO, Mohassel P, Foley AR, Donkervoort S, Kaur R, Ghosh PS, Stanley V, Musaev D, Nava C, Mignot C, Keren B, Scala M, Tassano E, Picco P, Doneda P, Fiorillo C, Issa MY, Alassiri A, Alahmad A, Gerard A, Liu P, Yang Y, Ertl-Wagner B, Kranz PG, Wentzensen IM, Stucka R, Stong N, Allen AS, Goldstein DB, Schoser B, Rösler KM, Alfadhel M, Capra V, Chrast R, Strom TM, Kamsteeg EJ, Bönnemann CG, Gleeson JG, Martini R, Janke C, Senderek J. Loss of tubulin deglutamylase CCP1 causes infantile-onset neurodegeneration. EMBO J 2018; 37:e100540. [PMID: 30420557 PMCID: PMC6276871 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2018100540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A set of glutamylases and deglutamylases controls levels of tubulin polyglutamylation, a prominent post-translational modification of neuronal microtubules. Defective tubulin polyglutamylation was first linked to neurodegeneration in the Purkinje cell degeneration (pcd) mouse, which lacks deglutamylase CCP1, displays massive cerebellar atrophy, and accumulates abnormally glutamylated tubulin in degenerating neurons. We found biallelic rare and damaging variants in the gene encoding CCP1 in 13 individuals with infantile-onset neurodegeneration and confirmed the absence of functional CCP1 along with dysregulated tubulin polyglutamylation. The human disease mainly affected the cerebellum, spinal motor neurons, and peripheral nerves. We also demonstrate previously unrecognized peripheral nerve and spinal motor neuron degeneration in pcd mice, which thus recapitulated key features of the human disease. Our findings link human neurodegeneration to tubulin polyglutamylation, entailing this post-translational modification as a potential target for drug development for neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Shashi
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Maria M Magiera
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3348, PSL Research University, Orsay, France
- CNRS UMR3348, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Dennis Klein
- Department of Neurology, Developmental Neurobiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maha Zaki
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kelly Schoch
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Andrew Norman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, St. Michael's Hospital, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Osorio Lopes Abath Neto
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marina Dusl
- Friedrich Baur Institute at the Department of Neurology, Friedrich Baur Institute, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Xidi Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Developmental Neurobiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Luca Bartesaghi
- Department of Neuroscience and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Ahmed A Alfares
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ronit Marom
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stefan T Arold
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Francisco J Guzmán-Vega
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Loren Dm Pena
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Edward C Smith
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Maja Steinlin
- Division of Neuropaediatrics, Development and Rehabilitation, University Children's Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Payam Mohassel
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A Reghan Foley
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sandra Donkervoort
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rupleen Kaur
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Partha S Ghosh
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Valentina Stanley
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Damir Musaev
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Caroline Nava
- Department of Genetics, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Sorbonne Universités, Inserm U1127, CNRS, UMR 7225, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Cyril Mignot
- Department of Genetics, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Sorbonne Universités, Inserm U1127, CNRS, UMR 7225, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Boris Keren
- Department of Genetics, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Sorbonne Universités, Inserm U1127, CNRS, UMR 7225, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Paolo Picco
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Paola Doneda
- Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Fiorillo
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Mahmoud Y Issa
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ali Alassiri
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alahmad
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amanda Gerard
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yaping Yang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Birgit Ertl-Wagner
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter G Kranz
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Rolf Stucka
- Friedrich Baur Institute at the Department of Neurology, Friedrich Baur Institute, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicholas Stong
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew S Allen
- Center for Statistical Genetics and Genomics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David B Goldstein
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benedikt Schoser
- Friedrich Baur Institute at the Department of Neurology, Friedrich Baur Institute, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kai M Rösler
- Neuromuscular Centre, University Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Majid Alfadhel
- Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Roman Chrast
- Department of Neuroscience and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tim M Strom
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Erik-Jan Kamsteeg
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Centre for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph G Gleeson
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rudolf Martini
- Department of Neurology, Developmental Neurobiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Janke
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3348, PSL Research University, Orsay, France
- CNRS UMR3348, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Jan Senderek
- Friedrich Baur Institute at the Department of Neurology, Friedrich Baur Institute, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Rosti G, Tassano E, Bossi S, Divizia MT, Ronchetto P, Servetti M, Lerone M, Pisciotta L, Mancardi MM, Veneselli E, Puliti A. Intragenic duplication of KCNQ5 gene results in aberrant splicing leading to a premature termination codon in a patient with intellectual disability. Eur J Med Genet 2018; 62:103555. [PMID: 30359776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The KCNQ5 gene, widely expressed in the brain, encodes a voltage-gated potassium channel (Kv7.5) important for neuronal function. Here, we report a novel KCNQ5 intragenic duplication at 6q13 spanning about 239 Kb of genomic DNA, identified by array comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH). The duplication was found in heterozygosity in an adult patient affected by mild intellectual disability with history of absence epilepsy in adolescence, with no EEG nor MRI alterations. By in vitro analyses we demonstrated that this copy number variation (CNV) led to an aberrant transcript with exon 2-11 skipping and a premature stop codon causing, most likely, haploinsufficiency. The Kv7.5 channel plays an important role in the regulation of M-type current and afterhyperpolarization conductances which contribute to neuronal excitability. A recently published paper described KCNQ5 missense mutations in individuals with intellectual disability and treatment-resistant epilepsy that were thought to act through either loss-of-function or gain-of-function mechanisms, associated in both cases with altered neuronal excitability. In the case reported here, we showed that no functional protein can be produced from the allele involved by the intragenic duplication. This evidence strongly supports the hypothesis of KCNQ5 haploinsufficiency, which could lead to altered neuronal excitability, thus contributing to seizure susceptibility and intellectual disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Rosti
- Dept. of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Tassano
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simone Bossi
- Dept. of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - Martina Servetti
- Dept. of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Margherita Lerone
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Livia Pisciotta
- Dept. of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Edvige Veneselli
- Dept. of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldamaria Puliti
- Dept. of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
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Tassano E, Uccella S, Giacomini T, Striano P, Severino M, Porta S, Gimelli G, Ronchetto P. Intragenic Microdeletion of ULK4 and Partial Microduplication of BRWD3 in Siblings with Neuropsychiatric Features and Obesity. Cytogenet Genome Res 2018; 156:14-21. [PMID: 30086552 DOI: 10.1159/000491871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ULK4 and BRWD3 deletions have been identified in patients with developmental/language delay and intellectual disability. Both genes play pivotal roles in brain development. In particular, ULK4 encodes serine/threonine kinases that are critical for the development and function of the nervous system, while BRWD3 plays a crucial role in ubiquitination, as part of the ubiquitin/proteasome system. We report on 2 brothers, aged 7.6 and 20 years, presenting with cognitive impairment, epilepsy, autistic features, hearing loss, and obesity. Array-CGH analysis demonstrated 2 rare CNVs in both siblings: a paternally inherited microdeletion of ∼145 kb at 3p22.1, disrupting the ULK4 gene, and a maternally inherited microduplication of ∼117 kb at Xq21.1 including only the BRWD3 gene. As already described for other recurrent syndromes with variable phenotype, these findings are challenging in genetic counseling because of an evident variable penetrance. We discuss the possible correlations between the clinical phenotype of our patients and the function of the genes involved in these microrearrangements.
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Tassano E, Uccella S, Giacomini T, Severino M, Siri L, Gherzi M, Celle ME, Porta S, Gimelli G, Ronchetto P. 3q29 microduplication syndrome: Description of two new cases and delineation of the minimal critical region. Eur J Med Genet 2018; 61:428-433. [PMID: 29501613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous clinical and neuropsychological features, such as intellectual disability, developmental and language delay, hypotonia, and, to a lesser extent, microcephaly that is present in about the half of the reported patients, characterize the 3q29 microduplication syndrome with usually a milder phenotype compared with the corresponding 3q29 microdeletion syndrome. The duplications described so far range from 2.3 Mb to 1.6 Mb, spanning from TFRC to BDH1 genes. Here we report on two patients with overlapping interstitial duplications of the 3q29 region differing in size. Patient 1 harboured a common-seized 3q29 microduplication spanning ∼1.6 Mb, while patient 2 carried a very small 3q29 microduplication of 448.8 Kb encompassing only two genes, DLG1 and BDH1. Both patients presented clinical characteristics similar to those reported in the literature in 3q29 microduplication syndrome. Interestingly, heterotopic gray matter nodules were found along the right lateral ventricle on brain MRI in patient 1, thus expanding the neuroradiological phenotype in 3q29 microduplication syndrome, while patient 2 allowed us to define with more precision the smallest region of overlap (SRO). Gene content analysis of the duplicated region suggests that gain-of-dosage of DLG1 and BDH1 may be a good candidate for the main clinical features of this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tassano
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Sara Uccella
- Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Thea Giacomini
- Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Laura Siri
- "La Nostra Famiglia" Association, Varazze (Sv) - Scientific Institute E. Medea, Lecco, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Marcella Gherzi
- Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Celle
- Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, Head Neck and Neuroscience Department, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Porta
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gimelli
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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Tassano E, Giacomini T, Severino M, Gamucci A, Fiorio P, Gimelli G, Ronchetto P. Characterization of the Phenotype Associated with Microduplication Reciprocal to NF1 Microdeletion Syndrome. Cytogenet Genome Res 2017; 152:22-28. [PMID: 28605748 DOI: 10.1159/000477292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
17q11.2 microduplication syndrome is a recently described relatively rare condition associated with a nonspecific phenotype. Intellectual disability, developmental delay, and dysmorphisms are the only clinical features common to a majority of cases. Seventeen patients have been reported so far. Here, we present another patient with 17q11.2 duplication and no signs of neurofibromatosis type 1, identified by array-CGH. We compared clinical features and genetic data with those of previously reported patients with 17q11.2 microduplications. We also analyzed the gene content of the duplicated region in order to investigate the possible role of specific genes in the clinical phenotype of our patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tassano
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
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Tassano E, Severino M, Rosina S, Papa R, Tortora D, Gimelli G, Cuoco C, Picco P. Interstitial de novo 18q22.3q23 deletion: clinical, neuroradiological and molecular characterization of a new case and review of the literature. Mol Cytogenet 2016; 9:78. [PMID: 27766118 PMCID: PMC5057431 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-016-0285-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Deletions of the long arm of chromosome 18 cause a common autosomal syndrome clinically characterized by a protean clinical phenotype. Case presentation We report on a 16-month-old male infant affected by fever attacks apparently unrelated with any infectious or inflammatory symptoms, growth retardation, bilateral vertical talus, congenital aural atresia, dysmorphisms, mild psychomotor delay, and peculiar neuroradiological features. Array-CGH analysis revealed one of the smallest 18q22.3q23 interstitial deletions involving five genes: TSHZ1, ZNF516, ZNF236, MBP, and GALR1. Conclusions Herein we focus on previously unreported heralding symptoms and neuroradiological abnormalities which enlarge the spectrum of 18q deletion syndrome demonstrating that a small deletion can determine a complex phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tassano
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, L.go G.Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Giorgio Gimelli
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, L.go G.Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Cristina Cuoco
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, L.go G.Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
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Accogli A, Pacetti M, Fiaschi P, Pavanello M, Piatelli G, Nuzzi D, Baldi M, Tassano E, Severino MS, Allegri A, Capra V. Association of achondroplasia with sagittal synostosis and scaphocephaly in two patients, an underestimated condition? Am J Med Genet A 2016; 167A:646-52. [PMID: 25691418 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We report on two patients with an unusual combination of achondroplasia and surgically treated sagittal synostosis and scaphocephaly. The most common achondroplasia mutation, p.Gly380Arg in fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3), was detected in both patients. Molecular genetic testing of FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and TWIST1 genes failed to detect any additional mutations. There are several reports of achondroplasia with associated craniosynostosis, but no other cases of scaphocephaly in children with achondroplasia have been described. Recently it has been demonstrated that FGFR3 mutations affect not only endochondral ossification but also membranous ossification, providing new explanations for the craniofacial hallmarks in achondroplasia. Our report suggests that the association of isolated scaphocephaly and other craniosynostoses with achondroplasia may be under recognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Accogli
- Universit, à, di Genova, Genova, Italy; Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
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Tassano E, Gimelli S, Divizia MT, Lerone M, Vaccari C, Puliti A, Gimelli G. Thrombocytopenia-absent radius (TAR) syndrome due to compound inheritance for a 1q21.1 microdeletion and a low-frequency noncoding RBM8A SNP: a new familial case. Mol Cytogenet 2015; 8:87. [PMID: 26550033 PMCID: PMC4635577 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-015-0188-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombocytopenia-absent radius syndrome (TAR; MIM 274000) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder combining specific skeletal abnormalities with a reduced platelet count. TAR syndrome has been associated with the compound inheritance of an interstitial microdeletion in 1q21.1 and a low frequency noncoding RBM8A SNP. RESULTS Here, we report on a patient with scapulo-humeral hypoplasia, bilateral radio-ulnar agenesis with intact thumbs, bilateral proximal positioning of the first metacarpal, bilateral fifth finger clinodactyly, bilateral radial deviation of the hands, and thrombocytopenia. Molecular studies showed compound heterozygosity for the 1q21.1 microdeletion and the RBM8A rs139428292 variant in hemizygous state, inherited from the father and the mother, respectively. A second aborted fetus presented TAR features and 1q21.1 microdeletion. DISCUSSION The complex inheritance pattern resulted in reduced expression of Y14, the protein encoded by RBM8A, and a component of the core exon-junction complex (EJC) in platelets. Further studies are needed to explain how Y14 insufficiency and subsequent defects of the EJC could cause the skeletal, haematological and additional features of TAR syndrome. In this study, we discuss other factors that could influence the overall phenotype of patients affected by TAR syndrome. CONCLUSION In this study, we discuss other factors that could influence the overall phenotype of patients affected by TAR syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tassano
- />Laboratorio di Citogentica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, L.go G.Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefania Gimelli
- />Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Margherita Lerone
- />U.O.C. Medical Genetics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Aldamaria Puliti
- />U.O.C. Medical Genetics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
- />DiNOGMI, University of Genoa, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gimelli
- />Laboratorio di Citogentica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, L.go G.Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
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Tassano E, Biancheri R, Denegri L, Porta S, Novara F, Zuffardi O, Gimelli G, Cuoco C. Heterozygous deletion of CHL1 gene: detailed array-CGH and clinical characterization of a new case and review of the literature. Eur J Med Genet 2015; 57:626-9. [PMID: 25451713 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
CHL1 gene maps at 3p26.3 and encodes a cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily highly expressed in the brain. CHL1 regulates neuronal migration and neurite overgrowth in the developing brain, while in mature neurons it accumulates in the axonal membrane and regulates synapse function via the clathrin-dependent pathways. To our knowledge, to date only three familial cases presenting heterozygous deletion of chromosome 3 at band p26.3, including only the CHL1 gene, have been reported. All the patients presented cognitive impairment characterized by learning and language difficulties. Here, we describe a six-year-old boy in which array-CGH analysis disclosed a terminal 3p26.3 deletion. The deletion was transmitted from his normal mother and included only the CHL1 gene. Our patient presented microcephaly, short stature, mild mental retardation, learning and language delay, and strabismus. In our study we compare the phenotypic and molecular cytogenetic features of CHL1 gene deletion cases. Verbal function developmental delay seems to be a common key finding. The concomitance of the genetic and phenotypic alterations could be a good evidence of a new emerging syndrome associated with the deletion of CHL1 gene alone, although the identification of new cases is required.
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Tassano E, Gamucci A, Celle ME, Ronchetto P, Cuoco C, Gimelli G. Clinical and Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization of a de novo Interstitial 1p31.1p31.3 Deletion in a Boy with Moderate Intellectual Disability and Severe Language Impairment. Cytogenet Genome Res 2015; 146:39-43. [DOI: 10.1159/000431391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial 1p deletions are rare events. Very few cases of 1p31.1p31.3 deletions characterized by variable phenotypes have been reported. No clear genotype-phenotype correlation has been determined yet. We present a child with a de novo interstitial 1p31.1p31.3 deletion, identified by array CGH, associated with intellectual disability and severe language impairment. The deleted region contains 20 OMIM genes, but we focused on GADD45A (MIM 126335; growth arrest- and DNA damage-inducible gene), LRRC7 (MIM 614453; leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 7), and NEGR1 (MIM 613173; neuronal growth regulator 1). We discuss whether these genes play a role in determining the phenotype of our patient in order to investigate the possibility of a genotype-phenotype correlation.
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Tassano E, Mirabelli-Badenier M, Veneselli E, Puliti A, Lerone M, Vaccari CM, Morana G, Porta S, Gimelli G, Cuoco C. Clinical and molecular characterization of a patient with interstitial 6q21q22.1 deletion. Mol Cytogenet 2015; 8:31. [PMID: 26052347 PMCID: PMC4457201 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-015-0134-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interstitial 6q deletions, involving the 6q15q25 chromosomal region, are rare events characterized by variable phenotypes and no clear karyotype/phenotype correlation has been determined yet. Results We present a child with a 6q21q22.1 deletion, characterized by array-CGH, associated with developmental delay, intellectual disability, microcephaly, facial dysmorphisms, skeletal, muscle, and brain anomalies. Discussion In our patient, the 6q21q22.1 deleted region contains ten genes (TRAF3IP2, FYN, WISP3, TUBE1, LAMA4, MARCKS, HDAC2, HS3ST5, FRK, COL10A1) and two desert gene regions. We discuss here if these genes had some role in determining the phenotype of our patient in order to establish a possible karyotype/phenotype correlation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13039-015-0134-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tassano
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, L.goG.Gaslini 5, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Marisol Mirabelli-Badenier
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Edvige Veneselli
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldamaria Puliti
- Department of Neurosciences Rehabilitation Ophthalmology Genetics Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy ; U.O.C. Genetica Medica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Carlotta Maria Vaccari
- Department of Neurosciences Rehabilitation Ophthalmology Genetics Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Morana
- Pediatric Neuroradiology Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Porta
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, L.goG.Gaslini 5, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gimelli
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, L.goG.Gaslini 5, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Cristina Cuoco
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, L.goG.Gaslini 5, 16147 Genova, Italy
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Severino M, Accogli A, Gimelli G, Rossi A, Kotzeva S, Di Rocco M, Ronchetto P, Cuoco C, Tassano E. Clinico-radiological and molecular characterization of a child with ring chromosome 2 presenting growth failure, microcephaly, kidney and brain malformations. Mol Cytogenet 2015; 8:17. [PMID: 25774222 PMCID: PMC4359793 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-015-0121-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ring chromosome 2 is a rare constitutional abnormality that generally occurs de novo. About 14 cases have been described to date, but the vast majority of papers report exclusively conventional cytogenetic investigations and only two have been characterized by array-CGH. Results Here we describe the clinical, neuroradiological, and molecular features of a 5-year-old boy harbouring a ring chromosome 2 presenting with severe growth failure, facial and bone dysmorphisms, microcephaly, and renal malformation. Brain MR with diffusion tensor imaging revealed simplified cortical gyration, pontine hypoplasia, and abnormally thick posterior corpus callosum, suggesting an underlying axonal guidance defect. Cytogenetic investigations showed a karyotype with a ring chromosome 2 and FISH analysis with subtelomeric probes revealed the absence of signals on both arms. These results were confirmed by array-CGH showing terminal deletions on 2p25.3 (~439 kb) and 2q37.3 (~3.4 Mb). Conclusions Our report describes a new patient with a ring chromosome 2 completely characterised by array-CGH providing additional information useful not only to study genotype-phenotype correlation but also to validate the role of already reported candidate genes and to suggest novel ones which could improve our understanding of the clinical features associated with ring chromosome 2. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13039-015-0121-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Accogli
- Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergy Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gimelli
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Rossi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Maja Di Rocco
- Pediatria II, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Cuoco
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Tassano
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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Tassano E, De Santis LR, Corona MF, Parmigiani S, Zanetti D, Porta S, Gimelli G, Cuoco C. Concomitant deletion of chromosome 16p13.11 and triplication of chromosome 19p13.3 in a child with developmental disorders, intellectual disability, and epilepsy. Mol Cytogenet 2015; 8:9. [PMID: 25705258 PMCID: PMC4335438 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-015-0115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Rare copy number variations (CNVs) are today recognized as an important cause of various neurodevelopmental disorders, including mental retardation and epilepsy. In some cases, a second CNV may contribute to a more severe clinical presentation. Results Here we describe a patient with epilepsy, mental retardation, developmental disorders, and dysmorphic features, who inherited a deletion of 16p13.11 and a triplication of 19p13.3 from his father and mother, respectively. The mother presented mild mental retardation and language delay too. Conclusions We discuss the phenotypic consequences of the two CNVs and suggest that their synergistic effect is likely responsible for the complicated clinical features observed in our patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tassano
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto G.Gaslini, L.go G.Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Dalila Zanetti
- SSD Genetica Medica, Ospedale S. Andrea, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Simona Porta
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto G.Gaslini, L.go G.Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gimelli
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto G.Gaslini, L.go G.Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Cristina Cuoco
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto G.Gaslini, L.go G.Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
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26
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Tassano E, Jagannathan V, Drögemüller C, Leoni M, Hytönen MK, Severino M, Gimelli S, Cuoco C, Di Rocco M, Sanio K, Groves AK, Leeb T, Gimelli G. Congenital aural atresia associated with agenesis of internal carotid artery in a girl with a FOXI3 deletion. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167A:537-44. [PMID: 25655429 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report on the molecular characterization of a microdeletion of approximately 2.5 Mb at 2p11.2 in a female baby with left congenital aural atresia, microtia, and ipsilateral internal carotid artery agenesis. The deletion was characterized by fluorescence in situ hybridization, array comparative genomic hybridization, and whole genome re-sequencing. Among the genes present in the deleted region, we focused our attention on the FOXI3 gene. Foxi3 is a member of the Foxi class of Forkhead transcription factors. In mouse, chicken and zebrafish Foxi3 homologues are expressed in the ectoderm and endoderm giving rise to elements of the jaw as well as external, middle and inner ear. Homozygous Foxi3-/- mice have recently been generated and show a complete absence of the inner, middle, and external ears as well as severe defects in the jaw and palate. Recently, a 7-bp duplication within exon 1 of FOXI3 that produces a frameshift and a premature stop codon was found in hairless dogs. Mild malformations of the outer auditory canal (closed ear canal) and ear lobe have also been noted in a fraction of FOXI3 heterozygote Peruvian hairless dogs. Based on the phenotypes of Foxi3 mutant animals, we propose that FOXI3 may be responsible for the phenotypic features of our patient. Further characterization of the genomic region and the analysis of similar patients may help to demonstrate this point.
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Tassano E, Alpigiani MG, Calcagno A, Salvati P, De Miglio L, Fiorio P, Cuoco C, Gimelli G. Clinical and molecular delineation of a 16p13.2p13.13 microduplication. Eur J Med Genet 2015; 58:194-8. [PMID: 25596524 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2014.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The 16p13.3p13.1 region has been reported as a "critical" hotspot region for recurrent microdeletions/duplications, which may contribute to epilepsy, learning difficulties and facial dysmorphisms. Cytogenetic and array-CGH analyses were performed because of the clinical characteristics of the patient. The girl showed de novo 16p13.3p13.13 duplication spanning a region of ∼5.3 Mb. She presented brain anomalies, intellectual disability, epilepsy, facial and vertebral dysmorphisms. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of 16p13.3p13.13 duplication; only three patients with an overlapping deletion in 16p13.2p13.13 were previously described. The duplicated region contains 21 OMIM genes and, six of them (RBFOX1, TMEM114, ABAT, PMM2, GRIN2A and, LITAF) were found to be associated with known diseases. Although no duplication of these genes has been described in the literature, we discuss here if they had some role in determining phenotype of our patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Tassano
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy.
| | - M G Alpigiani
- Clinica Pediatrica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - A Calcagno
- Clinica Pediatrica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - P Salvati
- Clinica Pediatrica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - L De Miglio
- Clinica Pediatrica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - P Fiorio
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - C Cuoco
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - G Gimelli
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
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Gimelli S, Capra V, Di Rocco M, Leoni M, Mirabelli-Badenier M, Schiaffino MC, Fiorio P, Cuoco C, Gimelli G, Tassano E. Interstitial 7q31.1 copy number variations disrupting IMMP2L gene are associated with a wide spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders. Mol Cytogenet 2014; 7:54. [PMID: 25478008 PMCID: PMC4255718 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-014-0054-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Since the introduction of the array-CGH technique in the diagnostic workup of mental retardation, new recurrent copy number variations and novel microdeletion/microduplication syndromes were identified. These findings suggest that some genomic disorders have high penetrance but a wide range of phenotypic severity. Results We present the clinical and molecular description of four unrelated patients affected by neurodevelopmental disorders and overlapping 7q31.1 microdeletion/microduplication, identified by array-CGH and involving only part of the IMMP2L gene. Conclusion IMMP2L encodes an inner mitochondrial membrane protease-like protein, which is required for processing of cytochromes inside mitochondria. Numerous studies reported that this gene is implicated in behavioural disorders such as autistic spectrum disorders, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders, and Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. We discuss the functions of the gene suggesting that IMMP2L may act as risk factor for neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Gimelli
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Valeria Capra
- U.O. Neurochirurgia, Istituto G.Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - Marisol Mirabelli-Badenier
- DINOMGI Dipartimento-Università di Genova; U.O. Neuropsichiatria infantile, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Fiorio
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto G. Gaslini, G.Gaslini 5, Genoa, 16147, Italy
| | - Cristina Cuoco
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto G. Gaslini, G.Gaslini 5, Genoa, 16147, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gimelli
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto G. Gaslini, G.Gaslini 5, Genoa, 16147, Italy
| | - Elisa Tassano
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto G. Gaslini, G.Gaslini 5, Genoa, 16147, Italy
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Tassano E, Accogli A, Panigada S, Ronchetto P, Cuoco C, Gimelli G. Phenotypic and genetic characterization of a patient with a de novo interstitial 14q24.1q24.3 deletion. Mol Cytogenet 2014; 7:49. [PMID: 25076984 PMCID: PMC4115490 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-7-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interstitial deletions of chromosome bands 14q24.1q24.3 are very rare with only three reported cases. Results We describe a 7-year-old boy with a 5.345 Mb de novo interstitial deletion at 14q24.1q24.3 band detected by array-CGH who had a complex phenotype characterized by seizures, congenital heart defects, dysmorphisms, psychomotor delay, and bronchopulmonary, skeletal, and brain anomalies. Conclusion The deleted region contains numerous genes, but we focused our attention on three of them (C14orf169, NUMB, and PSEN1), which could account, at least partially, for the phenotype of the boy. We therefore discuss the involvement of these genes and the observed phenotype compared to that of previously described patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tassano
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto G.Gaslini, L.go G.Gaslini 5, Genoa 16147, Italy
| | - Andrea Accogli
- Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergy Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Serena Panigada
- Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergy Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Ronchetto
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto G.Gaslini, L.go G.Gaslini 5, Genoa 16147, Italy
| | - Cristina Cuoco
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto G.Gaslini, L.go G.Gaslini 5, Genoa 16147, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gimelli
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto G.Gaslini, L.go G.Gaslini 5, Genoa 16147, Italy
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30
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Vaccari CM, Romanini MV, Musante I, Tassano E, Gimelli S, Divizia MT, Torre M, Morovic CG, Lerone M, Ravazzolo R, Puliti A. De novo deletion of chromosome 11q12.3 in monozygotic twins affected by Poland Syndrome. BMC Med Genet 2014; 15:63. [PMID: 24885342 PMCID: PMC4051386 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-15-63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Poland Syndrome (PS) is a rare disorder characterized by hypoplasia/aplasia of the pectoralis major muscle, variably associated with thoracic and upper limb anomalies. Familial recurrence has been reported indicating that PS could have a genetic basis, though the genetic mechanisms underlying PS development are still unknown. Case presentation Here we describe a couple of monozygotic (MZ) twin girls, both presenting with Poland Syndrome. They carry a de novo heterozygous 126 Kbp deletion at chromosome 11q12.3 involving 5 genes, four of which, namely HRASLS5, RARRES3, HRASLS2, and PLA2G16, encode proteins that regulate cellular growth, differentiation, and apoptosis, mainly through Ras-mediated signaling pathways. Conclusions Phenotype concordance between the monozygotic twin probands provides evidence supporting the genetic control of PS. As genes controlling cell growth and differentiation may be related to morphological defects originating during development, we postulate that the observed chromosome deletion could be causative of the phenotype observed in the twin girls and the deleted genes could play a role in PS development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aldamaria Puliti
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
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Mascelli S, Severino M, Raso A, Nozza P, Tassano E, Morana G, De Marco P, Merello E, Milanaccio C, Pavanello M, Rossi A, Cama A, Garrè ML, Capra V. Constitutional chromosomal events at 22q11 and 15q26 in a child with a pilocytic astrocytoma of the spinal cord. Mol Cytogenet 2014; 7:31. [PMID: 24860619 PMCID: PMC4032172 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-7-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on a 9-years-old patient with mild intellectual disability, facial dimorphisms, bilateral semicircular canal dysplasia, periventricular nodular heterotopias, bilateral hippocampal malrotation and abnormal cerebellar foliation, who developed mild motor impairment and gait disorder due to a pilocytic astrocytoma of the spinal cord. Array-CGH analysis revealed two paternal inherited chromosomal events: a 484.3 Kb duplication on chromosome 15q26.3 and a 247 Kb deletion on 22q11.23. Further, a second de novo 1.5 Mb deletion on 22q11.21 occurred. Chromosome 22 at q11.2 and chromosome 15 at q24q26 are considered unstable regions subjected to copy number variations, i.e. structural alterations of genome, mediated by low copy repeat sequences or segmental duplications. The link between some structural CNVs, which compromise fundamental processes controlling DNA stability, and genomic disorders suggest a plausible scenario for cancer predisposition. Evaluation of the genes at the breakpoints cannot account simultaneously for the phenotype and tumour development in this patient. The two paternal inherited CNVs arguably are not pathogenic and do not contribute to the clinical manifestations. Similarly, although the de novo large deletion at 22q11.21 overlaps with the Di George (DGS) critical region and results in haploinsufficiency of genes compromising critical processes for DNA stability, this case lacks several hallmarks of DGS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alessandro Raso
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Nozza
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Tassano
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Morana
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Merello
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Marco Pavanello
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Rossi
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Armando Cama
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Capra
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, via G. Gaslini 5, 16147 Genoa, Italy
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Gimelli S, Stathaki E, Béna F, Leoni M, Di Rocco M, Cuoco C, Tassano E. Recurrent microdeletion 2q21.1: report on a new patient with neurological disorders. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 164A:801-5. [PMID: 24591035 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Whole genome profiling such as array comparative genomic hybridization has identified novel genomic imbalances. Copy number studies led to an explosion of the discoveries of new segmental duplication-mediated deletions and duplications. These rearrangements are mostly the result of non-allelic homologous recombination (NAHR) between low-copy repeats or segmental duplications. We have identified an individual with a small, rare deletion on chromosome 2q21.1 with psychomotor delay, hyperactivity, and aggressive behavior. The rearranged region is flanked by large complex low-copy repeats and includes only five genes: GPR148, FAM123C (AMER3), ARHGEF4, FAM168B, and PLEKHB2. The comparison between our patient and the cases previously reported in the literature contributes to a better definition of genotype-phenotype correlation of 2q21.1 microdeletions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Gimelli
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Capra V, Severino M, Rossi A, Nozza P, Doneda C, Perri K, Pavanello M, Fiorio P, Gimelli G, Tassano E, Di Battista E. Pituitary deficiency and congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face in a girl with deletion of chromosome 1q24.3q31.1. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 164A:495-9. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Capra
- U.O. Neurochirurgia; Istituto G. Gaslini; Genova Italy
| | - M. Severino
- Dipartimento di Neuroradiologia; Istituto G. Gaslini; Genova Italy
| | - A. Rossi
- Dipartimento di Neuroradiologia; Istituto G. Gaslini; Genova Italy
| | - P. Nozza
- U.O. Anatomia Patologica; Istituto G. Gaslini; Genova Italy
| | - C. Doneda
- Dipartimento di Radiologia e Neuroradiologia; Ospedale dei bambini V. Buzzi; Milano Italy
| | - K. Perri
- Clinica Pediatrica; Istituto G. Gaslini; Università di Genova; Genova Italy
| | - M. Pavanello
- U.O. Neurochirurgia; Istituto G. Gaslini; Genova Italy
| | - P. Fiorio
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica; Istituto G. Gaslini; Genova Italy
| | - G. Gimelli
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica; Istituto G. Gaslini; Genova Italy
| | - E. Tassano
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica; Istituto G. Gaslini; Genova Italy
| | - E. Di Battista
- Clinica Pediatrica; Istituto G. Gaslini; Università di Genova; Genova Italy
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Celle ME, Cuoco C, Porta S, Gimelli G, Tassano E. Interstitial 2q24.3 deletion including SCN2A and SCN3A genes in a patient with autistic features, psychomotor delay, microcephaly and no history of seizures. Gene 2013; 532:294-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.09.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Gimelli S, Leoni M, Di Rocco M, Caridi G, Porta S, Cuoco C, Gimelli G, Tassano E. A rare 3q13.31 microdeletion including GAP43 and LSAMP genes. Mol Cytogenet 2013; 6:52. [PMID: 24279697 PMCID: PMC3906914 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-6-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interstitial deletions affecting the proximal long arm of chromosome 3 have been rarely reported in the literature. The deleted segments vary in localization and size with different breakpoints making genotype-phenotype correlation very difficult. Until now, a girl with a 1.9-Mb interstitial deletion of 3q13.2q13.31 and 14 novel patients with deletions in 3q11q23 have been reported. Results Here we report on a 7-year-old girl with neuropsychiatric disorders and renal, vascular and skeletal anomalies. Array-CGH analysis revealed a small rare inherited 3q13.31 deletion containing only two genes, GAP43 and LSAMP. The mutation analysis of the two genes was negative on the other non-deleted chromosome. GAP43 is considered a crucial component for an effective regenerative response in the nervous system and its mRNA is localized exclusively to nerve tissue where the protein is linked to the synaptosomal membrane. LSAMP is a 64- to 68-kD neuronal surface glycoprotein found in cortical and subcortical regions of the limbic system that acts as an adhesion molecule and guides the development of specific patterns of neuronal connection. The deleted region is adjacent to a “desert gene” region extending 2.099 Mb. Conclusions We discuss the effects of GAP43 and LSAMP haploinsufficiency, proposing that their deletion may be responsible for the main phenotype. Further cases with similar microdeletion are expected to be diagnosed and will help to better characterize the clinical spectrum of phenotypes associated with 3q13.31 microdeletion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Elisa Tassano
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto G, Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
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Tassano E, Buttgereit J, Bader M, Lerone M, Divizia MT, Bocciardi R, Napoli F, Pala G, Sloan-Béna F, Gimelli S, Gimelli G. Genotype-Phenotype Correlation of 2q37 Deletions Including NPPC Gene Associated with Skeletal Malformations. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66048. [PMID: 23805197 PMCID: PMC3689787 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Coordinated bone growth is controlled by numerous mechanisms which are only partially understood because of the involvement of many hormones and local regulators. The C-type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP), encoded by NPPC gene located on chromosome 2q37.1, is a molecule that regulates endochondral ossification of the cartilaginous growth plate and influences longitudinal bone growth. Two independent studies have described three patients with a Marfan-like phenotype presenting a de novo balanced translocation involving the same chromosomal region 2q37.1 and overexpression of NPPC. We report on two partially overlapping interstitial 2q37 deletions identified by array CGH. The two patients showed opposite phenotypes characterized by short stature and skeletal overgrowth, respectively. The patient with short stature presented a 2q37 deletion causing the loss of one copy of the NPPC gene and the truncation of the DIS3L2 gene with normal CNP plasma concentration. The deletion identified in the patient with a Marfan-like phenotype interrupted the DIS3L2 gene without involving the NPPC gene. In addition, a strongly elevated CNP plasma concentration was found in this patient. A possible role of NPPC as causative of the two opposite phenotypes is discussed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tassano
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Jens Buttgereit
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint institution of the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Campus Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Bader
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Campus Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Margherita Lerone
- Laboratorio di Genetica Molecolare, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Renata Bocciardi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno-Infantili, (DiNOGMI), and Laboratorio di Genetica Molecolare, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Flavia Napoli
- Dipartimento di Pediatria, Istituto G. Gaslini, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Giovanna Pala
- Dipartimento di Pediatria, Istituto G. Gaslini, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Gimelli
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giorgio Gimelli
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
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Gimelli S, Cuoco C, Ronchetto P, Gimelli G, Tassano E. Interstitial deletion 14q31.1q31.3 transmitted from a mother to her daughter, both with features of hemifacial microsomia. J Appl Genet 2013; 54:361-5. [PMID: 23645319 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-013-0150-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Gimelli
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Occella C, Bleidl D, Nozza P, Mascelli S, Raso A, Gimelli G, Gimelli S, Tassano E. Identification of an interstitial 18p11.32-p11.31 duplication including the EMILIN2 gene in a family with porokeratosis of Mibelli. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61311. [PMID: 23593459 PMCID: PMC3622678 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Porokeratosis is a rare disease of epidermal keratinization characterized by the histopathological feature of the cornoid lamella, a column of tightly fitted parakeratocytic cells, whose etiology is still unclear. Porokeratosis of Mibelli is a subtype of porokeratosis presenting a single plaque or a small number of plaques of variable size located unilaterally on limbs. It frequently appears in childhood and occurs with a higher incidence in males. Cytogenetic analyses were performed in all members of the family on lesioned and uninvolved skin. An array-CGH analysis was also performed utilizing the Human Genome CGH Microarray Kit G3 400 with 5.3 KB overall median probe spacing. Gene expression was performed on skin fibroblasts. In this study, we describe a Caucasian healthy 4-year-old child and his father showing features of porokeratosis of Mibelli. Array-CGH analysis revealed an interstitial 429.5 Kb duplication of chromosome 18p11.32-p11.3 containing four genes, namely: SMCHD1, EMILIN2, LPIN2, and MYOM1 both in patient and his father. EMILIN2 resulted overexpressed on skin fibroblasts. Also other members of this family, without evident signs of porokeratosis, carried the same duplication. Among these genes, we focused our attention on elastin microfibril interfacer 2 (EMILIN2) gene. Apoptosis plays a fundamental role in maintaining epidermal homeostasis, balancing keratinocytes proliferation, and forming the stratum corneum. EMILIN2 is known to trigger the apoptosis of different cell lines negatively affecting cell survival. It is expressed in the skin. We could speculate that the duplication and overexpression of EMILIN2 cause an abnormal apoptosis of epidermal keratinocytes and alter the process of keratinization, even if other epigenetic and genetic factors could also be involved. Our results could contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of porokeratosis of Mibelli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Occella
- Unità Operativa di Dermatologia, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
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Tassano E, Di Rocco M, Signa S, Gimelli G. De novo 13q31.1-q32.1 interstitial deletion encompassing the miR-17-92 cluster in a patient with Feingold syndrome-2. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:894-6. [PMID: 23495052 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Tassano
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy.
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Capra V, Mirabelli-Badenier M, Stagnaro M, Rossi A, Tassano E, Gimelli S, Gimelli G. Identification of a rare 17p13.3 duplication including the BHLHA9 and YWHAE genes in a family with developmental delay and behavioural problems. BMC Med Genet 2012; 13:93. [PMID: 23035971 PMCID: PMC3495055 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-13-93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deletions and duplications of the PAFAH1B1 and YWHAE genes in 17p13.3 are associated with different clinical phenotypes. In particular, deletion of PAFAH1B1 causes isolated lissencephaly while deletions involving both PAFAH1B1 and YWHAE cause Miller-Dieker syndrome. Isolated duplications of PAFAH1B1 have been associated with mild developmental delay and hypotonia, while isolated duplications of YWHAE have been associated with autism. In particular, different dysmorphic features associated with PAFAH1B1 or YWHAE duplication have suggested the need to classify the patient clinical features in two groups according to which gene is involved in the chromosomal duplication. METHODS We analyze the proband and his family by classical cytogenetic and array-CGH analyses. The putative rearrangement was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization. RESULTS We have identified a family segregating a 17p13.3 duplication extending 329.5 kilobases by FISH and array-CGH involving the YWHAE gene, but not PAFAH1B1, affected by a mild dysmorphic phenotype with associated autism and mental retardation. We propose that BHLHA9, YWHAE, and CRK genes contribute to the phenotype of our patient. The small chromosomal duplication was inherited from his mother who was affected by a bipolar and borderline disorder and was alcohol addicted. CONCLUSIONS We report an additional familial case of small 17p13.3 chromosomal duplication including only BHLHA9, YWHAE, and CRK genes. Our observation and further cases with similar microduplications are expected to be diagnosed, and will help better characterise the clinical spectrum of phenotypes associated with 17p13.3 microduplications.
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Tassano E, Alpigiani MG, Salvati P, Gimelli S, Lorini R, Gimelli G. Molecular cytogenetic characterization of the first reported case of an inv dup (4p)(p15.1-pter) with a concomitant 4q35.1-qter deletion and normal parents. Gene 2012; 511:338-40. [PMID: 23031810 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.09.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Inverted duplications associated with terminal deletions are complex anomalies described in an increasing of chromosome ends. We report on the cytogenetic characterization of the first de novo inv dup del(4) with partial 4p duplication and 4q deletion in a girl with clinical signs consistent with "recombinant 4 syndrome". This abnormality was suspected by banding, but high-resolution molecular cytogenetic investigations allowed us to define the breakpoints of the rearrangement. The terminal duplicated region extending from 4p15.1 to the telomere was estimated to be 29.27 Mb, while the size of the terminal deletion was 3.114 Mb in the 4q35.1 region. Until now, 10 patients with duplicated 4p14-p15 and deleted 4q35 chromosome 4 have been described. In all cases the abnormal chromosome 4 was derived from a pericentric inversion inherited from one of the parents. In conclusion, we have identified the first case of inv dup del(4) with normal parents suggesting that, often, terminal duplications or terminal deletions mask complex rearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Tassano
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto Giannina Gaslini IRCCS, Genova, Italy
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Tassano E, Tavella E, Valli R, Micalizzi C, Cuoco C, Maserati E, Pasquali F, Morerio C. New recurrent chromosome change in pediatric therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome: unbalanced translocation 1/6 with cryptic duplication of short arm of chromosome 6. Leuk Lymphoma 2012; 53:2434-8. [PMID: 22616618 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2012.695778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome (t-MDS) in pediatric patients is increasing in parallel with the more successful management of the primary tumor, but scant information is available on clinical and cytogenetic characteristics. We report here two children affected by t-MDS after chemo/radiotherapy for a primary solid tumor, both with an unbalanced translocation 1/6 in their bone marrow. Characterization by array comparative genomic hybridization of the imbalances showed an almost identical pattern: almost complete trisomy of the long arm of chromosome 1, and a terminal deletion and interstitial duplication of the short arm of chromosome 6. The gain of chromosome 6 short arm encompasses regions already highlighted as possibly relevant for t-MDS in adults, and we suggest that the unbalanced translocation reported here be considered a new recurrent, non-random chromosomal abnormality in pediatric patients with t-MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tassano
- Cancer Cytogenetic Laboratory, Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genova, Italy
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Tassano E, Tavella E, Micalizzi C, Scuderi F, Cuoco C, Morerio C. Monosomal complex karyotype in pediatric mixed phenotype acute leukemia. Cancer Genet 2011; 204:507-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2011.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Revised: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Tassano E, Sementa AR, Tavella E, Garaventa A, Panarello C, Morerio C. Trisomy 17 in congenital plexiform (multinodular) cellular schwannoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 203:313-5. [PMID: 21156251 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2010.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Revised: 07/23/2010] [Accepted: 08/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Plexiform (multinodular) cellular schwannomas are rare tumors, not associated with neurofibromatosis type 1, that occur more often in children and can be congenital. Their biology is benign and is characterized by the tendency to recur locally without being metastatic. Cytogenetic studies in adult cases of schwannoma indicate a complete or partial loss of chromosome 22 as the most common abnormality. Only two cytogenetic studies describe cases in children, one of which concerned a congenital cellular plexiform schwannoma. Here, we report the cytogenetic analysis of a second case in an 8-month-old boy with recurrence of trisomy 17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tassano
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genova, Italy
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Tassano E, Nozza P, Tavella E, Garaventa A, Panarello C, Morerio C. Cytogenetic characterization of a fibrous hamartoma of infancy with complex translocations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 201:66-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2010.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Revised: 05/05/2010] [Accepted: 05/12/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Tassano E, Tavella E, Micalizzi C, Panarello C, Morerio C. Refractory cytopenia of childhood with monosomy 7 presenting as isolated neutropenia in a patient with fragile site at 16q22. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 201:70-1. [PMID: 20633774 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2010.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2010] [Revised: 04/19/2010] [Accepted: 04/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Tassano E, Acquila M, Tavella E, Micalizzi C, Panarello C, Morerio C. MicroRNA-125b-1 and BLID upregulation resulting from a novel IGH translocation in childhood B-Cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2010; 49:682-7. [DOI: 10.1002/gcc.20776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Abstract
Lipoblastomas are rare benign tumors of white fatty tissue that occur primarily in young children. Occasionally, heterogeneity of morphological appearance and histological overlap with other lipogenic tumors are described. In such cases fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis of PLAG1, a gene specifically rearranged in lipoblastoma, is necessary to prevent misdiagnosis. We present a case of lipoblastoma arising in an atypical site with histological features characteristic of lipoma. The correct diagnosis was made possible on cytogenetic grounds through the identification of the characteristic PLAG1-HAS2 fusion gene, thus allowing an appropriate clinical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Morerio
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genova, Italy
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Maserati E, Panarello C, Morerio C, Valli R, Pressato B, Patitucci F, Tassano E, Di Cesare-Merlone A, Cugno C, Balduini CL, Lo Curto F, Dufour C, Locatelli F, Pasquali F. Clonal chromosome anomalies and propensity to myeloid malignancies in congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (OMIM 604498). Haematologica 2008; 93:1271-3. [PMID: 18519517 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.12748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Morerio C, Acquila M, Rapella A, Tassano E, Rosanda C, Panarello C. Inversion (11)(p15q22) with NUP98–DDX10 fusion gene in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 171:122-5. [PMID: 17116492 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2006.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2006] [Revised: 06/30/2006] [Accepted: 07/03/2006] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The inv(11)(p15q22), a rare but recurrent chromosome abnormality that creates a NUP98-DDX10 fusion gene, is associated with de novo or secondary myeloid malignancies. We report a case of acute monocytic leukemia presenting this rearrangement, studied using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR). We also review the cases of inv(11) associated with NUP98-DDX10 reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Morerio
- Dipartimento di Ematologia ed Oncologia Pediatrica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Largo G Gaslini 5, Genoa, Italy
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