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Khadim MS, Zaid NW. Efficiency of C-type natriuretic peptide on improvement of Iraqi local ram's epididymal sperms. Open Vet J 2024; 14:674-682. [PMID: 38549573 PMCID: PMC10970128 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i2.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fertility plays a great role in animal reproduction since high-quality semen improves sheep industry reproduction. The current worldwide data revealed the close relation of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) to the reproductive function of rams. Aims Evaluation of the effect of CNP on cooled sperms using traditional and molecular assays. Methods Totally, of 20 testicular samples were collected, processed to obtain the semen samples, and divided into two parts; one was treated with a suitable dose of CNP, and the other served as a control. Sperm samples of both groups were cooled for 3 days and tested at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Results The findings revealed that the suitable dose of CNP-treated sperms was 0.01 × 10-13. Values of individual motility, live sperms, and sperm concentration were reduced significantly in CNP-24h, CNP-48h, and CNP-72h when compared to control; however, abnormal sperms were increased in both control and CNP groups at 24, 48, and 72 hours when compared to values of 0 hour. Concerning turbidmetric analysis, a significant reduction in values of lag time was observed in CNP when compared to control at all times of cooling intervals. In both CNP and control groups, motility index was decreased at 24, 48, and 72 hours when compared to 0 hour. For velocity, significant increases were shown in CNP compared with control at all cooling intervals. However, values of both groups were increased significantly at 24, 48, and 72 hours times when compared to 0 hour. Fraction of rapidly moving sperm of CNP was elevated at 0 hour and decreased at 24, 48, and 72 hours when compared to control. Expression of the hNPR-B gene was reduced gradually in sperms of CNP and control groups at times of cooling intervals. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this first Iraqi study targets the effect of CNP on epididymal sperms of rams. However, changes that occur after excessive CNP exposure remain unclear, and the toxicological profile of CNP requires furthermore supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massar Saeb Khadim
- Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Nazih Wayes Zaid
- Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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Tang Y, Cui J, Wang X, Yang Q, Yue Y, Gao C, Wang Y, Wang W, Zhang S, Tian J, Xi G, An L. "Meiosis arrester" C-natriuretic peptide directly stimulates oocyte mtDNA accumulation and is implicated in aging-associated oocyte mtDNA loss. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23295. [PMID: 37984844 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300886r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
C-natriuretic peptide (CNP) is the central regulator of oocyte meiosis progression, thus coordinating synchronization of oocyte nuclear-cytoplasmic maturation. However, whether CNP can independently regulate cytoplasmic maturation has been long overlooked. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) accumulation is the hallmark event of cytoplasmic maturation, but the mechanism underlying oocyte mtDNA replication remains largely elusive. Herein, we report that CNP can directly stimulate oocyte mtDNA replication at GV stage, and deficiency of follicular CNP may contribute largely to lower mtDNA copy number in in vitro matured oocytes. The mechanistic study showed that cAMP-PKA-CREB1 signaling cascade underlies the regulatory role of CNP in stimulating mtDNA replication and upregulating related genes. Of interest, we also report that CNP-NPR2 signaling is inhibited in aging follicles, and this inhibition is implicated in lower mtDNA copy number in oocytes from aging females. Together, our study provides the first direct functional link between follicular CNP and oocyte mtDNA replication, and identifies its involvement in aging-associated mtDNA loss in oocytes. These findings, not only update the current knowledge of the functions of CNP in coordinating oocyte maturation but also present a promising strategy for improving in vitro fertilization outcomes of aging females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Tang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Cui
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qianying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Yue
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxiao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyin Xi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei An
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Jia B, Hasse A, Shi F, Collins S. Exercise performance is not improved in mice with skeletal muscle deletion of natriuretic peptide clearance receptor. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293636. [PMID: 37917630 PMCID: PMC10621814 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Natriuretic peptides (NP), including atrial, brain, and C-type natriuretic peptides (ANP, BNP, and CNP), play essential roles in regulating blood pressure, cardiovascular homeostasis, and systemic metabolism. One of the major metabolic effects of NP is manifested by their capacity to stimulate lipolysis and the thermogenesis gene program in adipocytes, however, in skeletal muscle their effects on metabolism and muscle function are not as well understood. There are three NP receptors (NPR): NPRA, NPRB, and NPRC, and all three NPR genes are expressed in skeletal muscle and C2C12 myocytes. In C2C12 myocytes treatment with either ANP, BNP, or CNP evokes the cGMP signaling pathway. Since NPRC functions as a clearance receptor and the amount of NPRC in a cell type determines the signaling strength of NPs, we generated a genetic model with Nprc gene deletion in skeletal muscle and tested whether enhancing NP signaling by preventing its clearance in skeletal muscle would improve exercise performance in mice. Under sedentary conditions, Nprc skeletal muscle knockout (MKO) mice showed comparable exercise performance to their floxed littermates in terms of maximal running velocity and total endurance running time. Eight weeks of voluntary running-wheel training in a young cohort significantly increased exercise performance, but no significant differences were observed in MKO compared with floxed control mice. Furthermore, 6-weeks of treadmill training in a relatively aged cohort also increased exercise performance compared with their baseline values, but again there were no differences between genotypes. In summary, our study suggests that NP signaling is potentially important in skeletal myocytes but its function in skeletal muscle in vivo needs to be further studied in additional physiological conditions or with new genetic mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Jia
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Alexander Hasse
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Fubiao Shi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL, United States of America
| | - Sheila Collins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN, United States of America
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Zhang H, Li C, Liu Q, Li J, Wu H, Xu R, Sun Y, Cheng M, Zhao X, Pan M, Wei Q, Ma B. C-type natriuretic peptide improves maternally aged oocytes quality by inhibiting excessive PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy. eLife 2023; 12:RP88523. [PMID: 37860954 PMCID: PMC10588981 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The overall oocyte quality declines with aging, and this effect is strongly associated with a higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and the resultant oxidative damage. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a well-characterized physiological meiotic inhibitor that has been successfully used to improve immature oocyte quality during in vitro maturation. However, the underlying roles of CNP in maternally aged oocytes have not been reported. Here, we found that the age-related reduction in the serum CNP concentration was highly correlated with decreased oocyte quality. Treatment with exogenous CNP promoted follicle growth and ovulation in aged mice and enhanced meiotic competency and fertilization ability. Interestingly, the cytoplasmic maturation of aged oocytes was thoroughly improved by CNP treatment, as assessed by spindle/chromosome morphology and redistribution of organelles (mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum, cortical granules, and the Golgi apparatus). CNP treatment also ameliorated DNA damage and apoptosis caused by ROS accumulation in aged oocytes. Importantly, oocyte RNA-seq revealed that the beneficial effect of CNP on aged oocytes was mediated by restoration of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, eliminating excessive mitophagy. CNP reversed the defective phenotypes in aged oocytes by alleviating oxidative damage and suppressing excessive PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy. Mechanistically, CNP functioned as a cAMP/PKA pathway modulator to decrease PINK1 stability and inhibit Parkin recruitment. In summary, our results demonstrated that CNP supplementation constitutes an alternative therapeutic approach for advanced maternal age-related oocyte deterioration and may improve the overall success rates of clinically assisted reproduction in older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Chan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Qingyang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Jingmei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Hao Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Rui Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Yidan Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Ming Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Xiaoe Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Menghao Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Qiang Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Baohua Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of AgricultureYanglingChina
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Lessey AJ, Mirczuk SM, Chand AN, Kurrasch DM, Korbonits M, Niessen SJM, McArdle CA, McGonnell IM, Fowkes RC. Pharmacological and Genetic Disruption of C-Type Natriuretic Peptide ( nppcl) Expression in Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) Causes Stunted Growth during Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12921. [PMID: 37629102 PMCID: PMC10454581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Human patients with mutations within NPPC or NPR2 genes (encoding C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) and guanylyl cyclase-B (GC-B), respectively) display clinical signs associated with skeletal abnormalities, such as overgrowth or short stature. Mice with induced models of Nppc or Npr2 deletion display profound achondroplasia, dwarfism and early death. Recent pharmacological therapies to treat short stature are utilizing long-acting CNP analogues, but the effects of manipulating CNP expression during development remain unknown. Here, we use Danio rerio (zebrafish) as a model for vertebrate development, employing both pharmacological and reverse genetics approaches to alter expression of genes encoding CNP in zebrafish. Four orthologues of CNP were identified in zebrafish, and spatiotemporal expression profiling confirmed their presence during development. Bioinformatic analyses suggested that nppcl is the most likely the orthologue of mammalian CNP. Exogenous CNP treatment of developing zebrafish embryos resulted in impaired growth characteristics, such as body length, head width and eye diameter. This reduced growth was potentially caused by increased apoptosis following CNP treatment. Expression of endogenous nppcl was downregulated in these CNP-treated embryos, suggesting that negative feedback of the CNP system might influence growth during development. CRISPR knock-down of endogenous nppcl in developing zebrafish embryos also resulted in impaired growth characteristics. Collectively, these data suggest that CNP in zebrafish is crucial for normal embryonic development, specifically with regard to growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Lessey
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK; (A.J.L.); (S.M.M.); (A.N.C.)
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Samantha M. Mirczuk
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK; (A.J.L.); (S.M.M.); (A.N.C.)
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Annisa N. Chand
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK; (A.J.L.); (S.M.M.); (A.N.C.)
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Deborah M. Kurrasch
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N2, Canada;
| | - Márta Korbonits
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK;
| | - Stijn J. M. Niessen
- Clinical Sciences & Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK;
- Veterinary Specialist Consultations, Loosdrechtseweg 56, 1215 JX Hilversum, The Netherlands
| | - Craig A. McArdle
- Department of Translational Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Whitson Street, Bristol BS1 3NY, UK;
| | - Imelda M. McGonnell
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Robert C. Fowkes
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK; (A.J.L.); (S.M.M.); (A.N.C.)
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
- Endocrine Signaling Group, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Wagner BM, Robinson JW, Prickett TCR, Espiner EA, Khosla S, Gaddy D, Suva LJ, Potter LR. Guanylyl Cyclase-B Dependent Bone Formation in Mice is Associated with Youth, Increased Osteoblasts, and Decreased Osteoclasts. Calcif Tissue Int 2022; 111:506-518. [PMID: 35947145 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-022-01014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) activation of guanylyl cyclase-B (GC-B) catalyzes the synthesis of cGMP in chondrocytes and osteoblasts. Elevated cGMP stimulates long bone growth, and inactivating mutations in CNP or GC-B reduce cGMP, which causes dwarfism. GC-B7E/7E mice that express a GC-B mutant that cannot be inactivated by dephosphorylation exhibit increased CNP-dependent GC-B activity, which increases bone length, as well as bone mass and strength. Importantly, how GC-B increases bone mass is not known. Here, we injected 12-week-old, wild type mice once daily for 28 days with or without BMN-111 (Vosoritide), a proteolytically resistant CNP analog. We found that BMN-111 treated mice had elevated levels of osteocalcin and collagen 1 C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) as well as increased osteoblasts and osteoclasts. In BMN-111 injected mice, tibial mRNAs for Rank ligand and osteoprotegrin were increased and decreased, respectively, whereas sclerostin mRNA was elevated 400-fold, consistent with increased osteoclast activity and decreased osteoblast activity. Mineral apposition rates and trabecular bone mass were not elevated in response to BMN-111. Because 9-week-old male GC-B7E/7E mice have increased bone mass but do not exhibit increased mineral apposition rates, we examined 4-week-old male GC-B7E/7E mice and found that these animals had increased serum osteocalcin, but not CTX. Importantly, tibias from these mice had 37% more osteoblasts, 26% fewer osteoclasts as well as 36% and 40% higher mineral apposition and bone formation rates, respectively. We conclude that GC-B-dependent bone formation is coupled to an early juvenile process that requires both increased osteoblasts and decreased osteoclasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M Wagner
- Departments of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jerid W Robinson
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 6-155 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Eric A Espiner
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Sundeep Khosla
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging and Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Dana Gaddy
- Departments of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Larry J Suva
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Lincoln R Potter
- Departments of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 6-155 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE The expression of the C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) gene has been detected in the growth cartilage of the long bones and vertebrae. This article provides an overview of the role of CNP in bone growth and presents the results of the authors' research on the concentration of the NTproCNP and its relationship with growth velocity and bone markers in healthy school-age children. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study involved 75 girls and 59 boys aged from 9.0-11.8 years (mean 10.29±0.74). Body weight, height and lower limb length were measured, and blood samples were collected twice at six-month intervals. In the first serum sample, the concentrations of NTproCNP, C-terminal propeptide type I (CICP), C-terminal telopeptide type I collagen (ICTP) osteocalcin (OC) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) were determined. In the second sample, NTproCNP concentration was assessed. RESULTS During the six-month follow-up period, the increase in body height and weight of girls was greater than boys (p<0.000; p=0.003, respectively). While during the first examination the concentration of NTproCNP in girls and boys was similar, during the second examination it was higher in girls than in boys (p=0.04). Weak positive correlations between the increase in body height and NTproCNP, CICP, BAP as well as OC were found. There were no correlations between NTproCNP and the bone markers. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that NTproCNP concentration depends on growth velocity in children. There is increasing evidence that a better knowledge of CNP biology contributes to a better understanding of bone growth mechanisms.
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Katayama Y, Saito A, Ogoshi M, Tsuneoka Y, Mukuda T, Azuma M, Kusakabe M, Takei Y, Tsukada T. Gene duplication of C-type natriuretic peptide-4 (CNP4) in teleost lineage elicits subfunctionalization of ancestral CNP. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 388:225-238. [PMID: 35171324 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03596-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The diversified natriuretic peptide (NP) family, consisting of four CNPs (CNP1-4), ANP, BNP, and VNP, has been identified in the eel. Here, we successfully cloned additional cnp genes from the brain of eel (a basal teleost) and zebrafish (a later branching teleost). The genes were identified as paralogues of cnp4 generated by the third round of whole genome duplication (3R) in the teleost lineage, thereby being named eel cnp4b and zebrafish cnp4-like, respectively. To examine the histological patterns of their expressions, we employed a newly developed in situ hybridization (ISH) chain reaction using short hairpin DNAs, in addition to conventional ISH. Eel cnp4b was expressed in the medulla oblongata, while mRNAs of eel cnp4a (former cnp4) were localized in the preoptic area. In the zebrafish brain, cnp4-like mRNA was undetectable, while the known cnp4 was expressed in both the preoptic area and medulla oblongata. Together with the different mRNA distribution of cnp4a and cnp4b in eel peripheral tissues determined by RT-PCR and ISH, it is suggested that subfunctionalization by duplicated cnp4s in ancestral teleosts has been retained only in basal teleosts. Intriguingly, cnp4b-expressing neurons in the glossopharyngeal-vagal motor complex of the medulla oblongata were co-localized with choline acetyltransferase, suggesting an involvement of Cnp4b in swallowing and respiration functions that are modulated by the vagus. Since teleost Cnp4 is an ortholog of mammalian CNP, the identified localization of teleost Cnp4 will contribute to future studies aimed at deciphering the physiological functions of CNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukitoshi Katayama
- Faculty of Science, Ushimado Marine Institute, Okayama University, 130-17 Kashino, Setouchi, Okayama, 701-4303, Japan
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Ami Saito
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Maho Ogoshi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kita, Okayama, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yousuke Tsuneoka
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, 5-21-16 Omori-nishi, Ota, Tokyo, 143-8540, Japan
| | - Takao Mukuda
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishicho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Morio Azuma
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Makoto Kusakabe
- Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, 836 Otani, Suruga, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Yoshio Takei
- Laboratory of Physiology, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, the University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8564, Japan
| | - Takehiro Tsukada
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan.
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Cabiati M, Sgalippa A, Federico G, Del Ry S. C-type natriuretic peptide in childhood obesity. Peptides 2021; 145:170639. [PMID: 34425175 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization obesity is the result of an energy imbalance between calories assumed and expended and over the past 30 years its incidence has dramatically increased. Recently, the problem of obesity has drastically increased also in childhood, assuming a social relevance. Childhood obesity, in fact, increases the possibility to be obese in adulthood, representing a risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Aim of this review was to carry out a revision of the literature on childhood obesity focusing on natriuretic peptides (NPs) and in particular on the role of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). In obesity NPs play a fundamental role in the regulation of body weight and energy metabolism. Data on plasma CNP levels in children are scarce. The review of the literature relating to the role of CNP in adolescents showed a progressive reduction in the CNP plasma levels in overweight/obese adolescents compared to normal-weight subjects, as previously observed in obese adults, as well as a different modulation in CNP mRNA expression. An independent association between CNP levels and obesity as well as a significant association with the endothelial dysfunction index was reported, indicating that the peptide could play a very important role as a marker of risk of developing obesity. The results of these studies indicate the importance of adopting healthy lifestyles to improve glucometabolic control as well as to provide the rationale for designing and developing new drugs to modulate the NPs system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Cabiati
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Agnese Sgalippa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Federico
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Dep. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Del Ry
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy.
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10
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Estrada K, Froelich S, Wuster A, Bauer CR, Sterling T, Clark WT, Ru Y, Trinidad M, Nguyen HP, Luu AR, Wendt DJ, Yogalingam G, Yu GK, LeBowitz JH, Cardon LR. Identifying therapeutic drug targets using bidirectional effect genes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2224. [PMID: 33850126 PMCID: PMC8044152 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21843-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Prioritizing genes for translation to therapeutics for common diseases has been challenging. Here, we propose an approach to identify drug targets with high probability of success by focusing on genes with both gain of function (GoF) and loss of function (LoF) mutations associated with opposing effects on phenotype (Bidirectional Effect Selected Targets, BEST). We find 98 BEST genes for a variety of indications. Drugs targeting those genes are 3.8-fold more likely to be approved than non-BEST genes. We focus on five genes (IGF1R, NPPC, NPR2, FGFR3, and SHOX) with evidence for bidirectional effects on stature. Rare protein-altering variants in those genes result in significantly increased risk for idiopathic short stature (ISS) (OR = 2.75, p = 3.99 × 10-8). Finally, using functional experiments, we demonstrate that adding an exogenous CNP analog (encoded by NPPC) rescues the phenotype, thus validating its potential as a therapeutic treatment for ISS. Our results show the value of looking for bidirectional effects to identify and validate drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuanbin Ru
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., Novato, CA, USA
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11
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Cabiati M, Randazzo E, Salvadori C, Peroni D, Federico G, Del Ry S. Circulating microRNAs associated with C-type natriuretic peptide in childhood obesity. Peptides 2020; 133:170387. [PMID: 32828851 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are potential biomarkers of metabolic disease implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity and at present, no data are available on a possible contribution of C-type natriuretic peptides (CNP)-linked miRNAs to childhood obesity. Our aims were to 1) perform an in silico-analysis to identify miRNAs targeting CNP gene; 2) recognize CNP-linked miRNAs associated with obesity; 3) characterize their circulating profiling in normal-weight (N) and obese adolescents (O). A clinical examination was performed in 25 N and 52 O adolescents. CNP plasma levels were detected by immunometric assay while miRNA expression was carried out on peripheral blood using Real-Time PCR. Plasma CNP resulted significantly lower in O than in N (5.58 ± 0.62 vs.14.78 ± 1.35 pg/mL, p < 0.0001). In silico-analysis disclosed several specific circulating CNP-linked miRNAs among which miR-33a-3p, miR-223-5p and miR-142-5p also associated with obesity. MiR-199-5p and miR-4454, known to be associated with obesity but not with CNP, were also studied. miR-223-5p and miR-33a-3p resulted significantly (p = 0.05) higher in O (0.97 ± 0.1; 0.85 ± 0.1, respectively) than in N (0.66 ± 0.11; 0.51 ± 0.08, respectively). Plasma CNP correlated inversely with miR-33a-3p (p = 0.036), miR-223-5p (p = 0.004), miR-199-5p (p = 0.003) and miR-4454 (p < 0.0001). Significantly positive correlations were observed between miR-33a-3p and miR-223-5p (p = 0.002) and between miR-199-5p and miR-4454 (p = 0.0001). Applying a multiple linear regression model, miR-142-5p, miR-199a-5p, miR-223-5p, miR33a-3p, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and age were independent determinants of CNP. Our results underline the concept that expanding our knowledge on the behaviour of circulating miRNA profile may have a promising role for early identification of obese children at increased risk of cardiometabolic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Cabiati
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Emioli Randazzo
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Dep. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Costanza Salvadori
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Diego Peroni
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Dep. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Federico
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Dep. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Del Ry
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy.
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12
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Hao XQ, Xu SK, Shi RL. [Advances in molecular mechanisms of meiotic arrest and luteinizing hormone-induced meiotic resumption in oocytes]. Sheng Li Xue Bao 2020; 72:513-522. [PMID: 32820314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian oocytes within Graafian follicles are arrested at prophase I of meiosis. C-type natriuretic peptide (NPPC), secreted by mural granulosa cells (MGCs), maintains oocyte meiotic arrest via binding to its cognate receptor natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPR2) and producing cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). NPR2 is most concentrated in the cumulus cells. In addition, cAMP, gap junction, inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) and other important regulatory factors are also involved in meiotic arrest. Luteinizing hormone (LH) then rapidly decreases cGMP and induces oocyte meiotic resumption. In this paper, advances in the molecular mechanisms of meiotic arrest and LH-induced meiotic resumption were reviewed. This paper may provide new ideas for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of related reproductive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qiong Hao
- Department of Physiology, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China.
| | - Shao-Kai Xu
- First Affiliated Hospital, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China
| | - Rui-Li Shi
- Department of Physiology, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China
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13
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Katayama Y, Wong MKS, Kusakabe M, Fujio M, Takahashi N, Yaguchi M, Tsukada T. Seawater transfer down-regulates C-type natriuretic peptide-3 expression in prolactin-producing cells of Japanese eel: Negative correlation with plasma chloride concentration. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 507:110780. [PMID: 32142860 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In euryhaline fishes, atrial and B-type natriuretic peptides are important hormones in hypo-osmoregulation, whereas osmoregulatory functions of C-type natriuretic peptides (CNPs) remain to be investigated. Although four CNP isoforms (CNP1-4) are mainly expressed in the brain, multiorgan expression of CNP3 was found in euryhaline Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica. Here we identified the CNP3-expressing cells and examined their response to osmotic stress in eel. CNP3 was expressed in several endocrine cells: prolactin-producing cells (pituitary), glucagon-producing cells (pancreas), and cardiomyocytes (heart). Pituitary CNP3 expression was the highest among organs and was decreased following seawater transfer, followed by a decrease in the freshwater-adaptating (hyper-osmoregulatory) hormone prolactin. We also showed the negative correlation between CNP3/prolactin expression in the pituitary and plasma Cl- concentration, but not for plasma Na+ concentration. These results suggest that CNP3 in the pituitary (and pancreas) plays a critical role in freshwater adaptation of euryhaline eel together with prolactin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukitoshi Katayama
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Marty Kwok-Shing Wong
- Laboratory of Physiology, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, the University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8564, Japan
| | - Makoto Kusakabe
- Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, 836 Otani, Suruga, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Megumi Fujio
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Natsuki Takahashi
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Miku Yaguchi
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Takehiro Tsukada
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan.
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14
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Moyes AJ, Chu SM, Aubdool AA, Dukinfield MS, Margulies KB, Bedi KC, Hodivala-Dilke K, Baliga RS, Hobbs AJ. C-type natriuretic peptide co-ordinates cardiac structure and function. Eur Heart J 2020; 41:1006-1020. [PMID: 30903134 PMCID: PMC7068173 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is an essential endothelium-derived signalling species that governs vascular homoeostasis; CNP is also expressed in the heart but an intrinsic role for the peptide in cardiac function is not established. Herein, we employ unique transgenic strains with cell-specific deletion of CNP to define a central (patho)physiological capacity of CNP in maintaining heart morphology and contractility. METHODS AND RESULTS Cardiac structure and function were explored in wild type (WT), cardiomyocyte (cmCNP-/-), endothelium (ecCNP-/-), and fibroblast (fbCNP-/-)-specific CNP knockout mice, and global natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR)-B-/-, and NPR-C-/- animals at baseline and in experimental models of myocardial infarction and heart failure (HF). Endothelium-specific deletion of CNP resulted in impaired coronary responsiveness to endothelium-dependent- and flow-mediated-dilatation; changes mirrored in NPR-C-/- mice. Ex vivo, global ischaemia resulted in larger infarcts and diminished functional recovery in cmCNP-/- and NPR-C-/-, but not ecCNP-/-, vs. WT. The cardiac phenotype of cmCNP-/-, fbCNP-/-, and NPR-C-/- (but not ecCNP-/- or NPR-B-/-) mice was more severe in pressure overload- and sympathetic hyperactivation-induced HF compared with WT; these adverse effects were rescued by pharmacological CNP administration in WT, but not NPR-C-/-, mice. At a molecular level, CNP/NPR-C signalling is impaired in human HF but attenuates activation of well-validated pro-hypertrophic and pro-fibrotic pathways. CONCLUSION C-type natriuretic peptide of cardiomyocyte, endothelial and fibroblast origins co-ordinates and preserves cardiac structure, function, and coronary vasoreactivity via activation of NPR-C. Targeting NPR-C may prove an innovative approach to treating HF and ischaemic cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amie J Moyes
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Sandy M Chu
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Aisah A Aubdool
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Matthew S Dukinfield
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Kenneth B Margulies
- Heart Failure and Transplant Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Translational Research Center, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kenneth C Bedi
- Heart Failure and Transplant Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Translational Research Center, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kairbaan Hodivala-Dilke
- Barts Cancer Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Reshma S Baliga
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Adrian J Hobbs
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
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15
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Del Ry S, Cabiati M, Bianchi V, Randazzo E, Peroni D, Clerico A, Federico G. C-type natriuretic peptide plasma levels and whole blood mRNA expression show different trends in adolescents with different degree of endothelial dysfunction. Peptides 2020; 124:170218. [PMID: 31794787 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.170218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is an endogenous adipogenesis regulator whose plasma levels in childhood are known, while no data are available on its expression. Our aim was to evaluate both CNP plasma levels and CNP system expression in whole blood obtained from normal-weight (N, n = 24) and obese (O, n = 16) adolescents (age:13.5 ± 0.4 years). Endothelial function was assessed measuring reactive hyperemia index (RHI). CNP plasma levels, evaluated with specific RIA, resulted significantly lower in O than in N (6.1 ± 0.8 vs.15.2 ± 1.3 pg/mL; p < 0.0001), while CNP/NPR-B/NPR-C mRNA, measured by Real-Time PCR, resulted similar in N (4.1 ± 1.7; 5.0 ± 1.6; 2.2 ± 0.9) and in O (4.3 ± 1.6; 3.5 ± 1.1; 2.3 ± 0.8). RHI was significantly lower in O than in N (1.4 ± 0.08 vs.2.1 ± 0.04, p < 0.0001). Dividing all subjects according to the RHI median value, irrespective of the presence or absence of obesity (Group 1 > 1.9, n = 23, Group 2 < 1.9, n = 17), CNP plasma concentrations resulted significantly (p = 0.014) higher in Group 1 (14.6 ± 1.6) than in Group 2 (7.5 ± 1.0), showing a significant correlation with RHI (p = 0.0026), while CNP mRNA expression was, surprisingly, higher in Group 2 (7.0 ± 2.3) than in Group 1 (1.8 ± 0.4; p = 0.02). NPR-B mRNA resulted similar in both Groups (4.3 ± 1.6; 4.7 ± 1.3) and NPR-C significantly higher in Group 2 (p = 0.02). Our data suggest different trends between CNP plasma levels and expression, assessed for the first time in whole blood, that could reflect changes occurring both at CNP transcriptional level in activated leukocytes due to inflammation, and at circulating levels, due to CNP paracrine/autocrine activities. This could represent an interesting area for new therapies able to modulate endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Del Ry
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy; Institute of Life Science, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Manuela Cabiati
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vanessa Bianchi
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Dep. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Emioli Randazzo
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Dep. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Diego Peroni
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Dep. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Aldo Clerico
- Institute of Life Science, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Federico
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Dep. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
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16
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Yamashita T, Fujii T, Yamauchi I, Ueda Y, Hirota K, Kanai Y, Yasoda A, Inagaki N. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide Restores Growth Impairment Under Enzyme Replacement in Mice With Mucopolysaccharidosis VII. Endocrinology 2020; 161:5715045. [PMID: 31974587 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Growth impairment in mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) is an unresolved issue as it is resistant to enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and growth hormone therapy. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a promising agent that has growth-promoting effects. Here we investigate the effects of CNP on growth impairment of MPSs using Gusbmps-2J mice, a model for MPS type VII, with combination therapy of CNP and ERT by hydrodynamic gene delivery. Although monotherapies were not sufficient to restore short statures of treated mice, combination therapy resulted in successful restoration. The synergistic effects of CNP and ERT were not only observed in skeletal growth but also in growth plates. ERT reduced cell swelling in the resting zone and increased cell number by accelerating proliferation or inhibiting apoptosis. CNP thickened the proliferative and hypertrophic zones. Regarding changes in the bone, ERT restored bone sclerosis through decreased bone formation and increased bone resorption, and CNP did not adversely affect this process. In addition, improvement of joint deformation by ERT was suggested by analyses of joint spaces and articular cartilage. CNP additively provided restoration of the short stature of MPS VII mice in combination with ERT, which improved abnormalities of growth plates and bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Yamashita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshihito Fujii
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Ueda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keisho Hirota
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Laboratory of Bioimaging and Cell Signaling, Kyoto University Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yugo Kanai
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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17
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Ni L, Scott L, Campbell HM, Pan X, Alsina KM, Reynolds J, Philippen LE, Hulsurkar M, Lagor WR, Li N, Wehrens XHT. Atrial-Specific Gene Delivery Using an Adeno-Associated Viral Vector. Circ Res 2019; 124:256-262. [PMID: 30582449 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.313811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Somatic overexpression in mice using an adeno-associated virus (AAV) as gene transfer vectors has become a valuable tool to analyze the roles of specific genes in cardiac diseases. The lack of atrial-specific AAV vector has been a major obstacle for studies into the pathogenesis of atrial diseases. Moreover, gene therapy studies for atrial fibrillation would benefit from atrial-specific vectors. Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) promoter drives gene expression specifically in atrial cardiomyocytes. OBJECTIVE To establish the platform of atrial specific in vivo gene delivery by AAV-ANF. METHODS AND RESULTS We constructed AAV vectors based on serotype 9 (AAV9) that are driven by the atrial-specific ANF promoter. Hearts from mice injected with AAV9-ANF-GFP (green fluorescent protein) exhibited strong and atrial-specific GFP expression without notable GFP in ventricular tissue. In contrast, similar vectors containing a cardiac troponin T promoter (AAV9-TNT4-GFP) showed GFP expression in all 4 chambers of the heart, while AAV9 with an enhanced chicken β-actin promoter (AAV-enCB-GFP) caused ubiquitous GFP expression. Next, we used Rosa26mT/mG (membrane-targeted tandem dimer Tomato/membrane-targeted GFP), a double-fluorescent Cre reporter mouse that expresses membrane-targeted tandem dimer Tomato before Cre-mediated excision, and membrane-targeted GFP after excision. AAV9-ANF-Cre led to highly efficient LoxP recombination in membrane-targeted tandem dimer Tomato/membrane-targeted green fluorescent protein mice with high specificity for the atria. We measured the frequency of transduced cardiomyocytes in atria by detecting Cre-dependent GFP expression from the Rosa26mT/mG allele. AAV9 dose was positively correlated with the number of GFP-positive atrial cardiomyocytes. Finally, we assessed whether the AAV9-ANF-Cre vector could be used to induce atrial-specific gene knockdown in proof-of-principle experiments using conditional JPH2 (junctophilin-2) knockdown mice. Four weeks after AAV9-ANF-Cre injection, a strong reduction in atrial expression of JPH2 protein was observed. Furthermore, there was evidence for abnormal Ca2+ handling in atrial myocytes isolated from mice with atrial-restricted JPH2 deficiency. CONCLUSIONS AAV9-ANF vectors produce efficient, dose-dependent, and atrial-specific gene expression following a single-dose systemic delivery in mice. This vector is a novel reagent for both mechanistic and gene therapy studies on atrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ni
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (L.N.)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China (L.N.)
| | - Larry Scott
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Hannah M Campbell
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Xiaolu Pan
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Katherina M Alsina
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Julia Reynolds
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Leonne E Philippen
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Mohit Hulsurkar
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - William R Lagor
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Na Li
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Research) (N.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Xander H T Wehrens
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (L.N., L.S., H.M.C., X.P., K.M.A., J.R., L.E.P., M.H., W.R.L., N.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Pediatrics (X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Neuroscience (X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Center for Space Medicine (X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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18
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Mirczuk SM, Lessey AJ, Catterick AR, Perrett RM, Scudder CJ, Read JE, Lipscomb VJ, Niessen SJ, Childs AJ, McArdle CA, McGonnell IM, Fowkes RC. Regulation and Function of C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) in Gonadotrope-Derived Cell Lines. Cells 2019; 8:cells8091086. [PMID: 31540096 PMCID: PMC6769446 DOI: 10.3390/cells8091086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is the most conserved member of the mammalian natriuretic peptide family, and is implicated in the endocrine regulation of growth, metabolism and reproduction. CNP is expressed throughout the body, but is particularly abundant in the central nervous system and anterior pituitary gland. Pituitary gonadotropes are regulated by pulsatile release of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus, to control reproductive function. GnRH and CNP reciprocally regulate their respective signalling pathways in αT3-1 gonadotrope cells, but effects of pulsatile GnRH stimulation on CNP expression has not been explored. Here, we examine the sensitivity of the natriuretic peptide system in LβT2 and αT3-1 gonadotrope cell lines to continuous and pulsatile GnRH stimulation, and investigate putative CNP target genes in gonadotropes. Multiplex RT-qPCR assays confirmed that primary mouse pituitary tissue express Nppc,Npr2 (encoding CNP and guanylyl cyclase B (GC-B), respectively) and Furin (a CNP processing enzyme), but failed to express transcripts for Nppa or Nppb (encoding ANP and BNP, respectively). Pulsatile, but not continuous, GnRH stimulation of LβT2 cells caused significant increases in Nppc and Npr2 expression within 4 h, but failed to alter natriuretic peptide gene expression in αT3-1 cells. CNP enhanced expression of cJun, Egr1, Nr5a1 and Nr0b1, within 8 h in LβT2 cells, but inhibited Nr5a1 expression in αT3-1 cells. Collectively, these data show the gonadotrope natriuretic peptide system is sensitive to pulsatile GnRH signalling, and gonadotrope transcription factors are putative CNP-target genes. Such findings represent additional mechanisms by which CNP may regulate reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Mirczuk
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, NW1 0TU London, UK.
| | - Andrew J Lessey
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, NW1 0TU London, UK.
| | - Alice R Catterick
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, NW1 0TU London, UK.
| | - Rebecca M Perrett
- Laboratories for Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Sciences at South Bristol, University of Bristol, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS13NY, UK.
| | - Christopher J Scudder
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, NW1 0TU London, UK.
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, NW1 0TU London, UK.
| | - Jordan E Read
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, NW1 0TU London, UK.
| | - Victoria J Lipscomb
- Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, AL9 7TA Hertfordshire, UK.
| | - Stijn J Niessen
- Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, AL9 7TA Hertfordshire, UK.
| | - Andrew J Childs
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, NW1 0TU London, UK.
| | - Craig A McArdle
- Laboratories for Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Sciences at South Bristol, University of Bristol, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS13NY, UK.
| | - Imelda M McGonnell
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, NW1 0TU London, UK.
| | - Robert C Fowkes
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, NW1 0TU London, UK.
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, NW1 0TU London, UK.
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19
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Casalechi M, Dias JA, Pinto LV, Lobach VN, Pereira MT, Cavallo IK, Reis AM, Dela Cruz C, Reis FM. C-type natriuretic peptide signaling in human follicular environment and its relation with oocyte maturation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 492:110444. [PMID: 31075302 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Studies in mice have shown that C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is produced by granulosa cells and contributes to ovarian follicle growth and oocyte meiotic arrest until the preovulatory LH surge. In humans, the relationship between intraovarian CNP levels and oocyte meiotic resumption is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CNP and its receptor NPR2 are expressed in human ovarian follicles and if their levels change according to the meiotic phase of oocytes. We collected follicular fluid (FF) and luteinized granulosa cells (LGC) from follicle pools (n = 47), and FF, LGC and cumulus cells (CC) from individual follicles (n = 96) during oocyte pickup for in vitro fertilization. There was a positive linear correlation between CNP levels in FF pools and basal antral follicle counting (rs = 0.458; p = 0.002), number of preovulatory follicles >16 mm (rs = 0.361; p = 0.016) and number of oocytes retrieved (rs = 0,378; p = 0.011) and a negative correlation between CNP levels in FF pools and the percentage of mature (MII) oocytes retrieved (rs = -0.39; p = 0.033). FF CNP levels in follicles containing MII oocytes were significantly lower than in follicles containing immature (MI) oocytes (median = 0.44 vs. 0.57 ng/mL, p < 0.05). Accordingly, the CNP precursor gene NPPC was 50% less expressed in LGC from follicles containing MII oocytes than in follicles containing MI oocytes (p < 0.01). In addition, NPR2 mRNA was down-regulated in CC surrounding MII oocytes (60% reduction, p < 0.01). CNP signaling is downregulated in human ovarian follicles containing mature oocytes. Further studies should clarify whether CNP signaling is essential to keep oocyte meiotic arrest in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maíra Casalechi
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Júlia A Dias
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lorena V Pinto
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Verônica N Lobach
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria T Pereira
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ines K Cavallo
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Adelina M Reis
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Dela Cruz
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fernando M Reis
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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20
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Moyes AJ, Hobbs AJ. C-type Natriuretic Peptide: A Multifaceted Paracrine Regulator in the Heart and Vasculature. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2281. [PMID: 31072047 PMCID: PMC6539462 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is an autocrine and paracrine mediator released by endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts that regulates vital physiological functions in the cardiovascular system. These roles are conveyed via two cognate receptors, natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) and natriuretic peptide receptor C (NPR-C), which activate different signalling pathways that mediate complementary yet distinct cellular responses. Traditionally, CNP has been deemed the endothelial component of the natriuretic peptide system, while its sibling peptides, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), are considered the endocrine guardians of cardiac function and blood volume. However, accumulating evidence indicates that CNP not only modulates vascular tone and blood pressure, but also governs a wide range of cardiovascular effects including the control of inflammation, angiogenesis, smooth muscle and endothelial cell proliferation, atherosclerosis, cardiomyocyte contractility, hypertrophy, fibrosis, and cardiac electrophysiology. This review will focus on the novel physiological functions ascribed to CNP, the receptors/signalling mechanisms involved in mediating its cardioprotective effects, and the development of therapeutics targeting CNP signalling pathways in different disease pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amie J Moyes
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Adrian J Hobbs
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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21
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Hirota K, Furuya M, Morozumi N, Yoshikiyo K, Yotsumoto T, Jindo T, Nakamura R, Murakami K, Ueda Y, Hanada T, Sade H, Yoshida S, Enomoto K, Kanai Y, Yamauchi I, Yamashita T, Ueda-Sakane Y, Fujii T, Yasoda A, Inagaki N. Exogenous C-type natriuretic peptide restores normal growth and prevents early growth plate closure in its deficient rats. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204172. [PMID: 30235256 PMCID: PMC6147488 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling by C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) and its receptor, natriuretic peptide receptor-B, is a pivotal stimulator of endochondral bone growth. We recently developed CNP knockout (KO) rats that exhibit impaired skeletal growth with early growth plate closure. In the current study, we further characterized the phenotype and growth plate morphology in CNP-KO rats, and the effects of exogenous CNP in rats. We used CNP-53, an endogenous form of CNP consisting of 53 amino acids, and administered it for four weeks by continuous subcutaneous infusion at 0.15 or 0.5 mg/kg/day to four-week old CNP-KO and littermate wild type (WT) rats. We demonstrated that CNP-KO rats were useful as a reproducible animal model for skeletal dysplasia, due to their impairment in endochondral bone growth. There was no significant difference in plasma bone-turnover markers between the CNP-KO and WT rats. At eight weeks of age, growth plate closure was observed in the distal end of the tibia and the calcaneus of CNP-KO rats. Continuous subcutaneous infusion of CNP-53 significantly, and in a dose-dependent manner, stimulated skeletal growth in CNP-KO and WT rats, with CNP-KO rats being more sensitive to the treatment. CNP-53 also normalized the length of long bones and the growth plate thickness, and prevented growth plate closure in the CNP-KO rats. Using organ culture experiment of fetal rat tibia, gene set enrichment analysis indicated that CNP might have a negative influence on mitogen activated protein kinase signaling cascades in chondrocyte. Our results indicated that CNP-KO rats might be a valuable animal model for investigating growth plate physiology and the mechanism of growth plate closure, and that CNP-53, or its analog, may have the potential to promote growth and to prevent early growth plate closure in the short stature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisho Hirota
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mayumi Furuya
- Asubio Pharma Co. Ltd. Kobe, Japan
- Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail: (MF); (AY)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Koichiro Murakami
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Ueda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Yugo Kanai
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takafumi Yamashita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoriko Ueda-Sakane
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshihito Fujii
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail: (MF); (AY)
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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22
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Pang Y, Thomas P. Role of natriuretic peptide receptor 2-mediated signaling in meiotic arrest of zebrafish oocytes and its estrogen regulation through G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (Gper). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 265:180-187. [PMID: 29574150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Natriuretic peptide type C (NPPC) and its receptor, natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPR2), have essential roles in maintaining meiotic arrest of oocytes in several mammalian species. However, it is not known if a similar mechanism exists in non-mammalian vertebrates. Using zebrafish as a model, we show that Nppc is expressed in ovarian follicle cells, whereas Npr2 is mainly detected in oocytes. Treatment of intact and defolliculated oocytes with 100 nM NPPC for 6 h caused a large increase in cGMP concentrations, and a significant decrease in oocyte maturation (OM), an effect that was mimicked by treatment with 8-Br-cGMP. Treatment with E2 and G-1, the specific GPER agonist, also increased cGMP levels. Cyclic AMP levels were also increased by treatments with 8-Br-cGMP, E2 and G1. The estrogen upregulation of cAMP levels was blocked by co-treatment with AG1478, an inhibitor of EGFR activation. Gene expression of npr2, but not nppc, was significantly upregulated in intact oocytes by 6 h treatments with 20 nM E2 and G-1. Both cilostamide, a phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3) inhibitor, and rolipram, a PDE4 inhibitor, significantly decreased OM of intact and defolliculated oocytes, and enhanced the inhibitory effects of E2 and G-1 on OM. These findings indicate the presence of a Nppc/Npr2/cGMP pathway maintaining meiotic arrest in zebrafish oocytes that is upregulated by estrogen activation of Gper. Collectively, the results suggest that Nppc through Npr2 cooperates with E2 through Gper in upregulation of cGMP levels to inhibit phosphodiesterase activity resulting in maintenance of oocyte meiotic arrest in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yefei Pang
- Marine Science Institute, University of Texas at Austin, 750 Channel View Drive, Port Aransas, TX 78373, USA.
| | - Peter Thomas
- Marine Science Institute, University of Texas at Austin, 750 Channel View Drive, Port Aransas, TX 78373, USA.
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23
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Boudin E, de Jong TR, Prickett TCR, Lapauw B, Toye K, Van Hoof V, Luyckx I, Verstraeten A, Heymans HSA, Dulfer E, Van Laer L, Berry IR, Dobbie A, Blair E, Loeys B, Espiner EA, Wit JM, Van Hul W, Houpt P, Mortier GR. Bi-allelic Loss-of-Function Mutations in the NPR-C Receptor Result in Enhanced Growth and Connective Tissue Abnormalities. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 103:288-295. [PMID: 30032985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The natriuretic peptide signaling pathway has been implicated in many cellular processes, including endochondral ossification and bone growth. More precisely, different mutations in the NPR-B receptor and the CNP ligand have been identified in individuals with either short or tall stature. In this study we show that the NPR-C receptor (encoded by NPR3) is also important for the regulation of linear bone growth. We report four individuals, originating from three different families, with a phenotype characterized by tall stature, long digits, and extra epiphyses in the hands and feet. In addition, aortic dilatation was observed in two of these families. In each affected individual, we identified a bi-allelic loss-of-function mutation in NPR3. The missense mutations (c.442T>C [p.Ser148Pro] and c.1088A>T [p.Asp363Val]) resulted in intracellular retention of the NPR-C receptor and absent localization on the plasma membrane, whereas the nonsense mutation (c.1524delC [p.Tyr508∗]) resulted in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. Biochemical analysis of plasma from two affected and unrelated individuals revealed a reduced NTproNP/NP ratio for all ligands and also high cGMP levels. These data strongly suggest a reduced clearance of natriuretic peptides by the defective NPR-C receptor and consequently increased activity of the NPR-A/B receptors. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that loss-of-function mutations in NPR3 result in increased NPR-A/B signaling activity and cause a phenotype marked by enhanced bone growth and cardiovascular abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveline Boudin
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Tjeerd R de Jong
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery, Isala Clinics, 8025 AB Zwolle, the Netherlands
| | - Tim C R Prickett
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Bruno Lapauw
- Department of Endocrinology and Unit for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kaatje Toye
- Department of Endocrinology and Unit for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Viviane Van Hoof
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Ilse Luyckx
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Aline Verstraeten
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Hugo S A Heymans
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma's Children's Hospital - Academic Medical Centre, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eelco Dulfer
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lut Van Laer
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Ian R Berry
- Leeds Genetics Laboratory, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS7 4SA, UK
| | - Angus Dobbie
- Yorkshire Clinical Genetics Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds LS7 4SA, UK
| | - Ed Blair
- Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 7HE, UK
| | - Bart Loeys
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Eric A Espiner
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Jan M Wit
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Wim Van Hul
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Peter Houpt
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery, Isala Clinics, 8025 AB Zwolle, the Netherlands
| | - Geert R Mortier
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium.
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24
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Fujii T, Hirota K, Yasoda A, Takizawa A, Morozumi N, Nakamura R, Yotsumoto T, Kondo E, Yamashita Y, Sakane Y, Kanai Y, Ueda Y, Yamauchi I, Yamanaka S, Nakao K, Kuwahara K, Jindo T, Furuya M, Mashimo T, Inagaki N, Serikawa T, Nakao K. Rats deficient C-type natriuretic peptide suffer from impaired skeletal growth without early death. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194812. [PMID: 29566041 PMCID: PMC5864047 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously investigated the physiological role of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) on endochondral bone growth, mainly with mutant mouse models deficient in CNP, and reported that CNP is indispensable for physiological endochondral bone growth in mice. However, the survival rate of CNP knockout (KO) mice fell to as low as about 70% until 10 weeks after birth, and we could not sufficiently analyze the phenotype at the adult stage. Herein, we generated CNP KO rats by using zinc-finger nuclease-mediated genome editing technology. We established two lines of mutant rats completely deficient in CNP (CNP KO rats) that exhibited a phenotype identical to that observed in mice deficient in CNP, namely, a short stature with severely impaired endochondral bone growth. Histological analysis revealed that the width of the growth plate, especially that of the hypertrophic chondrocyte layer, was markedly lower and the proliferation of growth plate chondrocytes tended to be reduced in CNP KO rats. Notably, CNP KO rats did not have malocclusions and survived for over one year after birth. At 33 weeks of age, CNP KO rats persisted significantly shorter than wild-type rats, with closed growth plates of the femur in all samples, which were not observed in wild-type rats. Histologically, CNP deficiency affected only bones among all body tissues studied. Thus, CNP KO rats survive over one year, and exhibit a deficit in endochondral bone growth and growth retardation throughout life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihito Fujii
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keisho Hirota
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Akiko Takizawa
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Eri Kondo
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yui Yamashita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoriko Sakane
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yugo Kanai
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Ueda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigeki Yamanaka
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Nakao
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichiro Kuwahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | | | - Mayumi Furuya
- Asubio Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe, Japan
- Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoji Mashimo
- Genome Editing Research and Development (R&D) Center and Institute of Experimental Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tadao Serikawa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Kazuwa Nakao
- Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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25
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Lu J, Pan SS. Elevated C-type natriuretic peptide elicits exercise preconditioning-induced cardioprotection against myocardial injury probably via the up-regulation of NPR-B. J Physiol Sci 2017; 67:475-487. [PMID: 27557795 PMCID: PMC10717239 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-016-0477-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate exercise preconditioning (EP)-induced cardioprotective effects against exercise-induced acute myocardial injury and investigate the alterations of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) and its specific receptor, natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B), during EP-induced cardioprotection. Rats were subjected to treadmill exercise as an EP model (4 periods of 10 min each at 30 m/min with intervening periods of rest lasting 10 min). High-intensity exercise was performed 0.5 and 24 h after the EP. EP attenuated high-intensity exercise-induced myocardial injury in both the early and late phases. After EP and high-intensity exercise, CNP and NPR-B levels increased robustly, but no alterations in the plasma CNP were observed. The enhanced NPR-B, plasma and tissue CNP, and its mRNA levels after high-intensity exercise were significantly elevated by EP. These results suggest that cardiac CNP and NPR-B play an important role in EP-mediated cardioprotection against high-intensity exercise-induced myocardial injury in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Lu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Shan-Shan Pan
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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Glenn DJ, Cardema MC, Gardner DG. Amplification of lipotoxic cardiomyopathy in the VDR gene knockout mouse. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 164:292-298. [PMID: 26429397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated that the liganded vitamin D receptor (VDR) plays an important role in controlling cardiovascular homeostasis. Both the whole animal VDR gene knockout (VDR-/-) and the myocyte-specific VDR gene deletion result in changes in cardiac structure and function. Clinical states associated with cardiac steatosis (obesity and diabetes mellitus) are also associated with low circulating 25 OH vitamin D levels. We, therefore, examined the effects of VDR deficiency (VDR-/- mouse) in a murine model of cardiac steatosis that expresses the terminal enzyme involved in triglyceride synthesis, diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), selectively in the cardiac myocyte. These mice display early cardiac dysfunction and late cardiomyopathy and heart failure. In the present study, we demonstrate that mice harboring both genetic modifications (i.e., MHC-DGAT1 Tg and VDR-/-) exhibit an increase in myocyte size, heart weight/body weight ratio and natriuretic peptide gene expression, all markers of cardiac hypertrophy, that exceed that seen in either VDR-/- or the MHC-DGAT1 Tg mice alone. This was accompanied by a dramatic increase in interstitial fibrosis and increased expression of collagen 1a1 and collagen 3a1, as well as the osteopontin and matrix metalloproteinase 2, genes. At a functional level, this resulted in a 37% reduction in ejection fraction and 55% reduction in fractional shortening in the DGAT1; VDR-/- mice relative to the controls. Collectively, these data demonstrate that deficiency in the vitamin D signaling system enhances the pathological phenotype in this experimental cardiomyopathy and suggest an important role for vitamin D in modulating disease severity in common cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis J Glenn
- Diabetes Center, 1109 HSW, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0540, United States.
| | - Michelle C Cardema
- Diabetes Center, 1109 HSW, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0540, United States
| | - David G Gardner
- Diabetes Center, 1109 HSW, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0540, United States
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Chen S, Huang J, Zhao Q, Chen J, Jaquish CE, He J, Lu X, Yang X, Gu CC, Hixson JE, Liu F, Rice TK, Cao J, Chen J, Gu D. Associations Between Genetic Variants of the Natriuretic Peptide System and Blood Pressure Response to Dietary Sodium Intervention: The GenSalt Study. Am J Hypertens 2016. [PMID: 26224401 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpv129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to comprehensively test the association of genetic variants in the natriuretic peptide (NP) system with blood pressure (BP) response to dietary sodium intervention in a Chinese population. METHODS We conducted a 7-day low-sodium intervention followed by a 7-day high-sodium intervention among 1,906 participants in rural China. BP measurements were obtained at baseline and each dietary intervention using a random-zero sphygmomanometer. Linear mixed-effect models were used to assess the associations of 48 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 6 genes of NP system with BP response to dietary sodium intervention. RESULTS SNP rs5063 in the NPPA gene and SNP rs2077386 in the NPPC gene exhibited significant associations with BP response to low-sodium dietary intervention under recessive genetic model. For rs5063, absolute mean arterial pressure responses (95% confidence interval) to the low-sodium intervention were 1.31 (-1.08, 3.70) mm Hg for TT genotype and -3.74 (-4.01, -3.46) mm Hg for CC or TC genotype, respectively (P = 4.1 × 10(-5)). Individuals with at least one copy of the C allele of rs2077386 had significantly reduction in systolic BP during the low-sodium intervention compared to those with genotype GG with responses of -5.48 (-5.83, -5.14) vs. -2.76 (-3.52, -2.00) mm Hg, respectively (P = 1.9 × 10(-13)). CONCLUSIONS These novel findings suggested that genetic variants of NP system may contribute to the variation of BP response to sodium intervention in Chinese population. Certainly, replication of these results in other populations and further functional studies are warranted to clarify their role in the regulation of BP and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China;
| | - Jianfeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Cashell E Jaquish
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Xiangfeng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xueli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Charles C Gu
- School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - James E Hixson
- School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Fangchao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Treva K Rice
- School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jichun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dongfeng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Kondo E, Yasoda A, Fujii T, Nakao K, Yamashita Y, Ueda-Sakane Y, Kanamoto N, Miura M, Arai H, Mukoyama M, Inagaki N, Nakao K. Increased Bone Turnover and Possible Accelerated Fracture Healing in a Murine Model With an Increased Circulating C-Type Natriuretic Peptide. Endocrinology 2015; 156:2518-29. [PMID: 25860030 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a potent stimulator of endochondral bone growth. Nevertheless, the effect of CNP on bone turnover has not yet been well studied. To elucidate this issue, we investigated the bone phenotype of a mouse model with elevated plasma CNP concentrations (SAP-CNP-Tg mice) in the present study. Microcomputed tomography (CT) analysis revealed less bone in femurs, but not in lumber vertebrae, of young adult SAP-CNP-Tg mice than that of wild-type mice. Bone histomorphometry of the tibiae from 8-week-old SAP-CNP-Tg mice showed enhanced osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities, in accordance with elevated serum levels of osteocalcin and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b, respectively. Next we performed an open and stabilized femoral fracture using 8-week-old SAP-CNP-Tg mice and compared the healing process with age-matched wild-type mice. An immunohistochemical study revealed that CNP and its receptors, natriuretic peptide receptor-B and natriuretic peptide clearance receptor, are expressed in hard calluses of wild-type mice, suggesting a possible role of CNP/natriuretic peptide receptor-B signaling in fracture repair, especially in bone remodeling stage. On micro-CT analysis, a rapid decrease in callus volume was observed in SAP-CNP-Tg mice, followed by a generation of significantly higher new bone volume with a tendency of increased bone strength. In addition, a micro-CT analysis also showed that bone remodeling was accelerated in SAP-CNP-Tg mice, which was also evident from increased serum osteocalcin and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b levels in SAP-CNP-Tg mice at the remodeling stage of fracture repair. These results indicate that CNP activates bone turnover and remodeling in vivo and possibly accelerates fracture healing in our mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Kondo
- Departments of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (E.K., A.Y., T.F., Y.Y., Y.U.-S., N.K., M.M., N.I.) and Maxillofacial Surgery (Kazum. N.) and Medical Innovation Center (Kazuw. N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan; Health Care Service Center (H.A.), Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki-Hashikami-cho, 606-8585 Kyoto, Japan; and Department of Nephrology (M.K.), Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 860-8556 Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- Departments of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (E.K., A.Y., T.F., Y.Y., Y.U.-S., N.K., M.M., N.I.) and Maxillofacial Surgery (Kazum. N.) and Medical Innovation Center (Kazuw. N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan; Health Care Service Center (H.A.), Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki-Hashikami-cho, 606-8585 Kyoto, Japan; and Department of Nephrology (M.K.), Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 860-8556 Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Toshihito Fujii
- Departments of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (E.K., A.Y., T.F., Y.Y., Y.U.-S., N.K., M.M., N.I.) and Maxillofacial Surgery (Kazum. N.) and Medical Innovation Center (Kazuw. N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan; Health Care Service Center (H.A.), Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki-Hashikami-cho, 606-8585 Kyoto, Japan; and Department of Nephrology (M.K.), Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 860-8556 Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Nakao
- Departments of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (E.K., A.Y., T.F., Y.Y., Y.U.-S., N.K., M.M., N.I.) and Maxillofacial Surgery (Kazum. N.) and Medical Innovation Center (Kazuw. N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan; Health Care Service Center (H.A.), Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki-Hashikami-cho, 606-8585 Kyoto, Japan; and Department of Nephrology (M.K.), Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 860-8556 Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Yui Yamashita
- Departments of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (E.K., A.Y., T.F., Y.Y., Y.U.-S., N.K., M.M., N.I.) and Maxillofacial Surgery (Kazum. N.) and Medical Innovation Center (Kazuw. N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan; Health Care Service Center (H.A.), Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki-Hashikami-cho, 606-8585 Kyoto, Japan; and Department of Nephrology (M.K.), Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 860-8556 Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Yoriko Ueda-Sakane
- Departments of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (E.K., A.Y., T.F., Y.Y., Y.U.-S., N.K., M.M., N.I.) and Maxillofacial Surgery (Kazum. N.) and Medical Innovation Center (Kazuw. N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan; Health Care Service Center (H.A.), Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki-Hashikami-cho, 606-8585 Kyoto, Japan; and Department of Nephrology (M.K.), Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 860-8556 Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Naotetsu Kanamoto
- Departments of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (E.K., A.Y., T.F., Y.Y., Y.U.-S., N.K., M.M., N.I.) and Maxillofacial Surgery (Kazum. N.) and Medical Innovation Center (Kazuw. N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan; Health Care Service Center (H.A.), Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki-Hashikami-cho, 606-8585 Kyoto, Japan; and Department of Nephrology (M.K.), Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 860-8556 Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Masako Miura
- Departments of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (E.K., A.Y., T.F., Y.Y., Y.U.-S., N.K., M.M., N.I.) and Maxillofacial Surgery (Kazum. N.) and Medical Innovation Center (Kazuw. N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan; Health Care Service Center (H.A.), Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki-Hashikami-cho, 606-8585 Kyoto, Japan; and Department of Nephrology (M.K.), Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 860-8556 Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Arai
- Departments of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (E.K., A.Y., T.F., Y.Y., Y.U.-S., N.K., M.M., N.I.) and Maxillofacial Surgery (Kazum. N.) and Medical Innovation Center (Kazuw. N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan; Health Care Service Center (H.A.), Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki-Hashikami-cho, 606-8585 Kyoto, Japan; and Department of Nephrology (M.K.), Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 860-8556 Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Masashi Mukoyama
- Departments of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (E.K., A.Y., T.F., Y.Y., Y.U.-S., N.K., M.M., N.I.) and Maxillofacial Surgery (Kazum. N.) and Medical Innovation Center (Kazuw. N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan; Health Care Service Center (H.A.), Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki-Hashikami-cho, 606-8585 Kyoto, Japan; and Department of Nephrology (M.K.), Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 860-8556 Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Departments of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (E.K., A.Y., T.F., Y.Y., Y.U.-S., N.K., M.M., N.I.) and Maxillofacial Surgery (Kazum. N.) and Medical Innovation Center (Kazuw. N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan; Health Care Service Center (H.A.), Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki-Hashikami-cho, 606-8585 Kyoto, Japan; and Department of Nephrology (M.K.), Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 860-8556 Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Kazuwa Nakao
- Departments of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition (E.K., A.Y., T.F., Y.Y., Y.U.-S., N.K., M.M., N.I.) and Maxillofacial Surgery (Kazum. N.) and Medical Innovation Center (Kazuw. N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan; Health Care Service Center (H.A.), Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki-Hashikami-cho, 606-8585 Kyoto, Japan; and Department of Nephrology (M.K.), Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, 860-8556 Kumamoto City, Japan
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Korostyshevskaya IM, Maksimov VF, Rudenko NS. [C-TYPE NATRIURETIC PEP- TIDE: WHAT, WHERE AND WHAT FOR IS THIS?]. Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova 2015; 101:515-524. [PMID: 26263678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The up-to-day world-wide data about the structure, distribution, and physiological effects of the most poorly known among the natriuretic peptides--the C-type (CNP)--are summarized in the review. Despite its name, this peptide does not stimulate sodium excretion but shares the prominent vasodilating and antyproliferating effects in different organs and tissues. The special emphasis is attended to CNP functions in central nervous system. The information about the peptide molecular biology, including intracellular processing, blood peptide concentration, specific receptors structure, and signaling pathways in target cells is presented.
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Li P, Tang XD, Cai ZX, Qiu JJ, Lin XL, Zhu T, Owusu L, Guo HS. CNP signal pathway up-regulated in rectum of depressed rats and the interventional effect of Xiaoyaosan. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:1518-1530. [PMID: 25663771 PMCID: PMC4316094 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i5.1518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the distribution and expression of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)/natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) in the rectum of a rodent depression model and the interventional effect of Xiaoyaosan (XYS).
METHODS: Male rats (n = 45) of clean grade (200 ± 20 g) were divided into five groups after one week of adaptive feeding: primary control, depression model, low dose XYS, middle dose XYS, and high dose XYS. The animal experiment continued for 3 wk. Primary controls were fed normally ad libitum. The rats of all other groups were raised in solitary and exposed to classic chronic mild unpredictable stimulation each day. XYS groups were perfused intragastrically with low dose, middle dose, and high dose XYS one hour before stimulation. Primary control and depression model groups were perfused intragastrically with normal saline under similar conditions as the XYS groups. Three weeks later, all rats were sacrificed, and the expression levels of CNP and NPR-B in rectum tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting.
RESULTS: CNP and NPR-B were both expressed in the rectum tissues of all rats. However, the expression levels of CNP and NPR-B at both gene and protein levels in the depression model group were significantly higher when compared to the primary control group (n = 9; P < 0.01). XYS intervention markedly inhibited the expression levels of CNP and NPR-B in depressed rats. The expression levels of CNP and NPR-B in the high dose XYS group did not significantly differ from the expression levels in the primary control group. Additionally, the high and middle dose XYS groups (but not the low dose group) significantly exhibited lower CNP and NPR-B expression levels in the rectum tissues of the respectively treated rats compared to the untreated depression model cohort (n = 9; P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: The CNP/NPR-B pathway is upregulated in the rectum of depressed rats and may be one mechanism for depression-associated digestive disorders. XYS antagonizes this pathway at least partially.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Depression/drug therapy
- Depression/genetics
- Depression/metabolism
- Depression/psychology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Male
- Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type/genetics
- Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor/drug effects
- Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor/genetics
- Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor/metabolism
- Rectum/drug effects
- Rectum/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Time Factors
- Up-Regulation
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31
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Cabiati M, Burchielli S, Matteucci M, Svezia B, Panchetti L, Caselli C, Prescimone T, Morales MA, Del Ry S. Dipyridamole-induced C-type natriuretic peptide mRNA overexpression in a minipig model of pacing-induced left ventricular dysfunction. Peptides 2015; 64:67-73. [PMID: 25613228 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Dipyridamole (DP) restores ischemic tissue blood flow stimulating angiogenesis in eNOS-dependent pathways. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is expected to mimic the migration-stimulatory effect of NO via a cGMP-dependent mechanism. Aim of this study was to assess the role of concomitant treatment with DP on CNP levels in blood and myocardial tissue of minipigs with left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) induced by pacing at 200bpm in the right ventricular apex. Minipigs with DP therapy (DP+, n=4) or placebo (DP-, n=4) and controls (C-SHAM, n=4) underwent 2D-EchoDoppler examination and blood collection before and after 4 weeks of pacing, when cardiac tissue was collected. Histological/immunohistochemical analyses were performed. CNP levels were determined by radioimmunoassay; cardiac CNP, BNP, natriuretic receptors expression by Real-Time PCR. After pacing, cardiac parameters resulted less impaired in DP+ compared to DP-. Histological sections presented normal morphology while the arteriolar density resulted: C-SHAM: 9.0±1.2; DP-: 4.9±0.3; DP+: 6.5±0.6number/mm(2); C-SHAM vs DP- and DP+ p=0.004, p=0.04, respectively. CNP mRNA resulted lower in DP- compared to C-SHAM and DP+ as well as NPR-B (p=0.011, DP- vs DP+). Both NPR-A/NPR-C mRNA expressions were significantly (p<0.001) lower both in DP- and DP+ compared to C-SHAM. BNP mRNA was higher in LVD. CNP plasma levels showed a similar trend with respect to gene expression (C-SHAM: 30.5±15; DP-: 18.6±5.5; DP+: 21.2±4.7pg/ml). These data suggest that DP may serve as a preconditioning agent to increase the protective CNP-mediated endocrine response in LVD. This response, mediated by its specific receptor NPR-B, may offer new insights into molecular targets for treatment of LVD.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cardiac Pacing, Artificial
- Dipyridamole/pharmacology
- Dipyridamole/therapeutic use
- Disease Models, Animal
- Heart/drug effects
- Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type/genetics
- Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type/metabolism
- Protective Agents/pharmacology
- Protective Agents/therapeutic use
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Swine
- Swine, Miniature
- Up-Regulation
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/drug therapy
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/etiology
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/genetics
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cabiati
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Italy
| | | | - M Matteucci
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - B Svezia
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Italy; Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - L Panchetti
- Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Caselli
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Italy
| | - T Prescimone
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Italy
| | - M A Morales
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Italy
| | - S Del Ry
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Italy.
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Abstract
For most bones, elongation is driven primarily by chondrogenesis at the growth plates. This process results from chondrocyte proliferation, hypertrophy, and extracellular matrix secretion, and it is carefully orchestrated by complex networks of local paracrine factors and modulated by endocrine factors. We review here recent advances in the understanding of growth plate physiology. These advances include new approaches to study expression patterns of large numbers of genes in the growth plate, using microdissection followed by microarray. This approach has been combined with genome-wide association studies to provide insights into the regulation of the human growth plate. We also review recent studies elucidating the roles of bone morphogenetic proteins, fibroblast growth factors, C-type natriuretic peptide, and suppressor of cytokine signaling in the local regulation of growth plate chondrogenesis and longitudinal bone growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian C Lui
- Program in Developmental Endocrinology and GeneticsEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, CRC, Room 1-3330, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1103, USACenter for Molecular Medicine and Pediatric Endocrinology UnitDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ola Nilsson
- Program in Developmental Endocrinology and GeneticsEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, CRC, Room 1-3330, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1103, USACenter for Molecular Medicine and Pediatric Endocrinology UnitDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, SwedenProgram in Developmental Endocrinology and GeneticsEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, CRC, Room 1-3330, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1103, USACenter for Molecular Medicine and Pediatric Endocrinology UnitDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey Baron
- Program in Developmental Endocrinology and GeneticsEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, CRC, Room 1-3330, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1103, USACenter for Molecular Medicine and Pediatric Endocrinology UnitDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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Robinson JW, Dickey DM, Miura K, Michigami T, Ozono K, Potter LR. A human skeletal overgrowth mutation increases maximal velocity and blocks desensitization of guanylyl cyclase-B. Bone 2013; 56:375-82. [PMID: 23827346 PMCID: PMC4413012 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2013.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) increases long bone growth by stimulating guanylyl cyclase (GC)-B/NPR-B/NPR2. Recently, a Val to Met missense mutation at position 883 in the catalytic domain of GC-B was identified in humans with increased blood cGMP levels that cause abnormally long bones. Here, we determined how this mutation activates GC-B. In the absence of CNP, cGMP levels in cells expressing V883M-GC-B were increased more than 20 fold compared to cells expressing wild-type (WT)-GC-B, and the addition of CNP only further increased cGMP levels 2-fold. In the absence of CNP, maximal enzymatic activity (Vmax) of V883M-GC-B was increased 15-fold compared to WT-GC-B but the affinity of the enzymes for substrate as revealed by the Michaelis constant (Km) was unaffected. Surprisingly, CNP decreased the Km of V883M-GC-B 10-fold in a concentration-dependent manner without increasing Vmax. Unlike the WT enzyme the Km reduction of V883M-GC-B did not require ATP. Unexpectedly, V883M-GC-B, but not WT-GC-B, failed to inactivate with time. Phosphorylation elevated but was not required for the activity increase associated with the mutation because the Val to Met substitution also activated a GC-B mutant lacking all known phosphorylation sites. We conclude that the V883M mutation increases maximal velocity in the absence of CNP, eliminates the requirement for ATP in the CNP-dependent Km reduction, and disrupts the normal inactivation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerid W. Robinson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Deborah M. Dickey
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kohji Miura
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshimi Michigami
- Department of Bone and Mineral Research, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keiichi Ozono
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Lincoln R. Potter
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Corresponding author at: University of Minnesota — Twin Cities, 6-155 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Fax: +1 612 624 7282. (L.R. Potter)
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Cabiati M, Sabatino L, Caruso R, Verde A, Caselli C, Prescimone T, Giannessi D, Del Ry S. C-type natriuretic peptide transcriptomic profiling increases in human leukocytes of patients with chronic heart failure as a function of clinical severity. Peptides 2013; 47:110-4. [PMID: 23911666 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the transcriptomic profiling of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) and of its specific receptor, NPR-B in human leukocytes of heart failure (HF) patients as a function of clinical severity, assessing the possible changes with respect to healthy subjects (C). mRNA expression was evaluated by Real-Time PCR and total RNA was extracted from leukocytes of C (n=8) and of HF patients (NYHA I-II, n=7; NYHA III-IV, n=13) with PAXgene Blood RNA Kit. Significantly higher levels of CNP mRNA expression were found in HF patients as a function of clinical severity (C=0.23±0.058, NYHA I-II=0.47±0.18, NYHA III-IV=2.58±0.71, p=0.005 C vs NYHA III-IV, p=0.017 NYHA I-II vs NYHA III-IV) and NPR-B transcript levels resulted down-regulated in HF patients with higher NYHA class (C=2.2±0.61, NYHA I-II=2.76±0.46, NYHA III-IV=0.29±0.13, p=0.001 C vs NYHA III-IV, p<0.0001 NYHA I-II vs NYHA III-IV). A significant negative correlation between CNP and NPR-B mRNA expression (r=0.5, p=0.03) was also observed. These results suggest a co-regulation of NPR-B and CNP expression supporting the relevance of this receptor in human disease characterized by a marked inflammatory/immune component and suggesting the possibility of manipulating inflammation via pharmacological agents selective for this receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cabiati
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Pisa, Italy
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Tassano E, Buttgereit J, Bader M, Lerone M, Divizia MT, Bocciardi R, Napoli F, Pala G, Sloan-Béna F, Gimelli S, Gimelli G. Genotype-Phenotype Correlation of 2q37 Deletions Including NPPC Gene Associated with Skeletal Malformations. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66048. [PMID: 23805197 PMCID: PMC3689787 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Coordinated bone growth is controlled by numerous mechanisms which are only partially understood because of the involvement of many hormones and local regulators. The C-type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP), encoded by NPPC gene located on chromosome 2q37.1, is a molecule that regulates endochondral ossification of the cartilaginous growth plate and influences longitudinal bone growth. Two independent studies have described three patients with a Marfan-like phenotype presenting a de novo balanced translocation involving the same chromosomal region 2q37.1 and overexpression of NPPC. We report on two partially overlapping interstitial 2q37 deletions identified by array CGH. The two patients showed opposite phenotypes characterized by short stature and skeletal overgrowth, respectively. The patient with short stature presented a 2q37 deletion causing the loss of one copy of the NPPC gene and the truncation of the DIS3L2 gene with normal CNP plasma concentration. The deletion identified in the patient with a Marfan-like phenotype interrupted the DIS3L2 gene without involving the NPPC gene. In addition, a strongly elevated CNP plasma concentration was found in this patient. A possible role of NPPC as causative of the two opposite phenotypes is discussed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tassano
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Jens Buttgereit
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint institution of the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Campus Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Bader
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Campus Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Margherita Lerone
- Laboratorio di Genetica Molecolare, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Renata Bocciardi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno-Infantili, (DiNOGMI), and Laboratorio di Genetica Molecolare, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Flavia Napoli
- Dipartimento di Pediatria, Istituto G. Gaslini, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Giovanna Pala
- Dipartimento di Pediatria, Istituto G. Gaslini, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Gimelli
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giorgio Gimelli
- Laboratorio di Citogenetica, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
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Melaiu O, Facioni MS, Cabiati M, Caruso R, Giannessi D, Landi S, Gemignani F, Del Ry S. Characterization of novel 3'untranslated regions and related polymorphisms of the gene NPPC, encoding for the C-type natriuretic peptide. Peptides 2013; 44:93-9. [PMID: 23542429 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Elevated plasmatic levels of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) were found in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), but its use as sensitive and specific clinical bio-marker is still controversial. In fact, high levels of CNP were also observed in patients classified in low severity New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes. CNP is encoded by a gene poorly studied (NPPC, natriuretic-precursor peptide C), where the regulatory regions are not well defined and the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) poorly ascertained. In the present work, we focused on the characterization of the 3'untranslated region (3'UTR) of the gene, using Rapid Amplification of cDNA 3'-End (3' RACE), and we identified two novel transcript isoforms (L-3'UTR; S-3'UTR; accession number JF420840, HQ419060 respectively). Since it could be hypothesized that genetic variations could explain the observed inter-patients differences, we searched for novel SNPs, by the use of High Resolution Melting (HRM). The results showed a complete lack of genetic variations among our series of samples. Moreover, a preliminary evaluation, using literature information and bioinformatic prediction allowed us to predicted the putative relevant microRNAs binding to the novel 3'UTRs that could modulate the post-transcriptional regulation of NPPC and affect the plasmatic levels of CNP. We obtained 750 and 1024 predicted miRNAs targeting the S- and L-3'UTRs, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Melaiu
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126, Italy
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Abstract
Natriuretic peptides are endogenous hormones released by the heart in response to myocardial stretch and overload. While atrial and brain natriuretic peptides (ANP, BNP) were immediately considered cardiac hormones and their role was well-characterized and defined in predicting risk in cardiovascular disease, evidence indicating the role of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) in cardiovascular regulation was slow to emerge until about 8 years ago. Since then, considerable literature on CNP and the cardiovascular system has been published; the aim of this review is to examine current literature relating to CNP and cardiovascular disease, in particular its role in heart failure (HF) and myocardial infarction (MI). This review retraces the fundamental steps in research that led understanding the role of CNP in HF and MI; from increased CNP mRNA expression and plasmatic concentrations in humans and in animal models, to detection of CNP expression in cardiomyocytes, to its evaluation in human leukocytes. The traditional view of CNP as an endothelial peptide has been surpassed by the results of many studies published in recent years, and while its physiological role is still under investigation, information is now available regarding its contribution to cardiovascular function. Taken together, these observations suggest that CNP and its specific receptor, NPR-B, can play a very important role in regulating cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling, indicating NPR-B as a new potential drug target for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Del Ry
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Pisa, Italy.
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38
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Cabiati M, Sabatino L, Caruso R, Caselli C, Prescimone T, Giannessi D, Del Ry S. Gene expression of C-type natriuretic peptide and of its specific receptor NPR-B in human leukocytes of healthy and heart failure subjects. Peptides 2012; 37:240-6. [PMID: 22884919 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Revised: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), a member of the family of natriuretic peptides, is synthesized and secreted from monocytes and macrophages that resulted to be a source of CNP at inflammatory sites. This suggests that special attention should be focused on the possible role of CNP in the immune system, in addition to its effects on the cardiovascular system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of measuring the mRNA expression of CNP and NPR-B, its specific receptor, in human whole blood samples of healthy (N; n=7) and heart failure (HF; n=7) subjects by Real-Time PCR (RT-PCR). Total RNA was extracted from leukocytes with QIAamp RNA Blood Kit and/or with PAXgene Blood RNA Kit. RT-PCR was performed and optimized for each primer. The experimental results were normalized with the three most stably expressed genes. CNP and NPR-B expression trend was similar in both fresh and frozen human whole blood. Significant higher levels of CNP and NPR-B mRNA expression were found in HF patients with respect to controls (CNP: N=1.23±0.33 vs. HF=6.54±2.09 p=0.027; NPR-B: N=0.85±0.23 vs. HF=5.31±1.98 p=0.04). A significant correlation between CNP and NPR-B (r=0.86, p<0.0001) was observed. Further studies are needed to clarify the pathophysiological properties of this peptide but the possibility to measure CNP and NPR-B mRNA expression in human leukocytes with a fast and easy procedure is a useful starting point for future investigation devoted to better understand the biomolecular processes associated to different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cabiati
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Pisa, Italy
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39
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Thompson IR, Chand AN, King PJ, Ansorge O, Karavitaki N, Jones CA, Rahmutula D, Gardner DG, Zivkovic V, Wheeler-Jones CP, McGonnell IM, Korbonits M, Anderson RA, Wass JAH, McNeilly AS, Fowkes RC. Expression of guanylyl cyclase-B (GC-B/NPR2) receptors in normal human fetal pituitaries and human pituitary adenomas implicates a role for C-type natriuretic peptide. Endocr Relat Cancer 2012; 19:497-508. [PMID: 22645228 DOI: 10.1530/erc-12-0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP/Nppc) is expressed at high levels in the anterior pituitary of rats and mice and activates guanylyl cyclase B receptors (GC-B/Npr2) to regulate hormone secretion. Mutations in NPR2/Npr2 can cause achondroplasia, GH deficiency, and female infertility, yet the normal expression profile within the anterior pituitary remains to be established in humans. The current study examined the expression profile and transcriptional regulation of NPR2 and GC-B protein in normal human fetal pituitaries, normal adult pituitaries, and human pituitary adenomas using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Transcriptional regulation of human NPR2 promoter constructs was characterized in anterior pituitary cell lines of gonadotroph, somatolactotroph, and corticotroph origin. NPR2 was detected in all human fetal and adult pituitary samples regardless of age or sex, as well as in all adenoma samples examined regardless of tumor origin. GC-B immunoreactivity was variable in normal pituitary, gonadotrophinomas, and somatotrophinomas. Maximal transcriptional regulation of the NPR2 promoter mapped to a region within -214 bp upstream of the start site in all anterior pituitary cell lines examined. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that this region contains Sp1/Sp3 response elements. These data are the first to show NPR2 expression in normal human fetal and adult pituitaries and adenomatous pituitary tissue and suggest a role for these receptors in both pituitary development and oncogenesis, introducing a new target to manipulate these processes in pituitary adenomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain R Thompson
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Veterinary Basic Sciences, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
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40
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Kondo E, Yasoda A, Tsuji T, Fujii T, Miura M, Kanamoto N, Tamura N, Arai H, Kunieda T, Nakao K. Skeletal analysis of the long bone abnormality (lbab/lbab) mouse, a novel chondrodysplastic C-type natriuretic peptide mutant. Calcif Tissue Int 2012; 90:307-18. [PMID: 22271248 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-011-9567-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Long bone abnormality (lbab/lbab) is a strain of dwarf mice. Recent studies revealed that the phenotype is caused by a spontaneous mutation in the Nppc gene, which encodes mouse C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). In this study, we analyzed the chondrodysplastic skeletal phenotype of lbab/lbab mice. At birth, lbab/lbab mice are only slightly shorter than their wild-type littermates. Nevertheless, lbab/lbab mice do not undergo a growth spurt, and their final body and bone lengths are only ~60% of those of wild-type mice. Histological analysis revealed that the growth plate in lbab/lbab mice, especially the hypertrophic chondrocyte layer, was significantly thinner than in wild-type mice. Overexpression of CNP in the cartilage of lbab/lbab mice restored their thinned growth plate, followed by the complete rescue of their impaired endochondral bone growth. Furthermore, the bone volume in lbab/lbab mouse was severely decreased and was recovered by CNP overexpression. On the other hand, the thickness of the growth plate of lbab/+ mice was not different from that of wild-type mice; accordingly, impaired endochondral bone growth was not observed in lbab/+ mice. In organ culture experiments, tibial explants from fetal lbab/lbab mice were significantly shorter than those from lbab/+ mice and elongated by addition of 10(-7) M CNP to the same extent as lbab/+ tibiae treated with the same dose of CNP. These results demonstrate that lbab/lbab is a novel mouse model of chondrodysplasia caused by insufficient CNP action on endochondral ossification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Kondo
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Abstract
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a member of the small family of natriuretic peptides that also includes atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain, or B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP). Unlike them, it performs its major functions in an autocrine or paracrine manner. Those functions, mediated through binding to the membrane guanylyl cyclase natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B), or by signaling through the non-enzyme natriuretic peptide receptor C (NPR-C), include the regulation of endochondral ossification, reproduction, nervous system development, and the maintenance of cardiovascular health. To date, the regulation of CNP gene expression has not received the attention that has been paid to regulation of the ANP and BNP genes. CNP expression in vitro is regulated by TGF-β and receptor tyrosine kinase growth factors in a cell/tissue-specific and sometimes species-specific manner. Expression of CNP in vivo is altered in diseased organs and tissues, including atherosclerotic vessels, and the myocardium of failing hearts. Analysis of the human CNP gene has led to the identification of a number of regulatory sites in the proximal promoter, including a GC-rich region approximately 50 base pairs downstream of the Tata box, and shown to be a binding site for several putative regulatory proteins, including transforming growth factor clone 22 domain 1 (TSC22D1) and a serine threonine kinase (STK16). The purpose of this review is to summarize the current literature on the regulation of CNP expression, emphasizing in particular the putative regulatory elements in the CNP gene and the potential DNA-binding proteins that associate with them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald F Sellitti
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA.
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Del Ry S, Cabiati M, Vozzi F, Battolla B, Caselli C, Forini F, Segnani C, Prescimone T, Giannessi D, Mattii L. Expression of C-type natriuretic peptide and its receptor NPR-B in cardiomyocytes. Peptides 2011; 32:1713-8. [PMID: 21723350 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2011.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Revised: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) was recently found in myocardium at the mRNA and protein levels, but it is not known whether cardiomyocytes are able to produce CNP. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of CNP and its specific receptor NPR-B in cardiac cells, both in vitro and ex vivo. CNP, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR)-B mRNA expression were examined by RT-PCR in the H9c2 rat cardiac myoblast cell line, in neonatal rat primary cardiomyocytes and in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as control. CNP protein expression was probed in cardiac tissue sections obtained from adult male minipigs by immunohistochemistry, and in H9c2 cells both by immunocytochemistry and by specific radioimmunoassay. The results showed that cardiac cells as well as endothelial cells were able to produce CNP. Unlike cardiomyocytes, as expected, in endothelial cells expression of BNP was not detected. NPR-B mRNA expression was found in both cell types. Production of CNP in the heart muscle cells at protein level was confirmed by radioimmunological determination (H9c2: CNP=0.86 ± 0.083 pg/mg) and by immunocytochemistry studies. By immunostaining of tissue sections, CNP was detected in both endothelium and cardiomyocytes. Expression of CNP in cardiac cells at gene and protein levels suggests that the heart is actively involved in the production of CNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Del Ry
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biochemistry, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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Blier AS, Veron W, Bazire A, Gerault E, Taupin L, Vieillard J, Rehel K, Dufour A, Le Derf F, Orange N, Hulen C, Feuilloley MGJ, Lesouhaitier O. C-type natriuretic peptide modulates quorum sensing molecule and toxin production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microbiology (Reading) 2011; 157:1929-1944. [PMID: 21511763 PMCID: PMC3755537 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.046755-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Revised: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 04/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa coordinates its virulence expression and establishment in the host in response to modification of its environment. During the infectious process, bacteria are exposed to and can detect eukaryotic products including hormones. It has been shown that P. aeruginosa is sensitive to natriuretic peptides, a family of eukaryotic hormones, through a cyclic nucleotide-dependent sensor system that modulates its cytotoxicity. We observed that pre-treatment of P. aeruginosa PAO1 with C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) increases the capacity of the bacteria to kill Caenorhabditis elegans through diffusive toxin production. In contrast, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) did not affect the capacity of the bacteria to kill C. elegans. The bacterial production of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) was enhanced by both BNP and CNP whereas the production of phenazine pyocyanin was strongly inhibited by CNP. The amount of 2-heptyl-4-quinolone (HHQ), a precursor to 2-heptyl-3-hydroxyl-4-quinolone (Pseudomonas quinolone signal; PQS), decreased after CNP treatment. The quantity of 2-nonyl-4-quinolone (HNQ), another quinolone which is synthesized from HHQ, was also reduced after CNP treatment. Conversely, both BNP and CNP significantly enhanced bacterial production of acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) [e.g. 3-oxo-dodecanoyl-homoserine lactone (3OC12-HSL) and butanoylhomoserine lactone (C4-HSL)]. These results correlate with an induction of lasI transcription 1 h after bacterial exposure to BNP or CNP. Concurrently, pre-treatment of P. aeruginosa PAO1 with either BNP or CNP enhanced PAO1 exotoxin A production, via a higher toxA mRNA level. At the same time, CNP led to elevated amounts of algC mRNA, indicating that algC is involved in C. elegans killing. Finally, we observed that in PAO1, Vfr protein is essential to the pro-virulent effect of CNP whereas the regulator PtxR supports only a part of the CNP pro-virulent activity. Taken together, these data reinforce the hypothesis that during infection natriuretic peptides, particularly CNP, could enhance the virulence of PAO1. This activity is relayed by Vfr and PtxR activation, and a general diagram of the virulence activation cascade involving AHL, HCN and exotoxin A is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Blier
- Laboratory of Cold Microbiology – Signals and Micro-environment EA 4312, University of Rouen, 55 Rue Saint Germain, 27000 Evreux, France
| | - Wilfried Veron
- Laboratory of Cold Microbiology – Signals and Micro-environment EA 4312, University of Rouen, 55 Rue Saint Germain, 27000 Evreux, France
| | - Alexis Bazire
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines, Université de Bretagne-Sud B.P. 92116, 56321 Lorient Cedex, France
| | - Eloïse Gerault
- Laboratory of Cold Microbiology – Signals and Micro-environment EA 4312, University of Rouen, 55 Rue Saint Germain, 27000 Evreux, France
| | - Laure Taupin
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines, Université de Bretagne-Sud B.P. 92116, 56321 Lorient Cedex, France
| | | | - Karine Rehel
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines, Université de Bretagne-Sud B.P. 92116, 56321 Lorient Cedex, France
| | - Alain Dufour
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines, Université de Bretagne-Sud B.P. 92116, 56321 Lorient Cedex, France
| | - Franck Le Derf
- SIMA, UMR 6014 COBRA, University of Rouen, 27000 Evreux, France
| | - Nicole Orange
- Laboratory of Cold Microbiology – Signals and Micro-environment EA 4312, University of Rouen, 55 Rue Saint Germain, 27000 Evreux, France
| | - Christian Hulen
- Laboratory of Cold Microbiology – Signals and Micro-environment EA 4312, University of Rouen, 55 Rue Saint Germain, 27000 Evreux, France
| | - Marc G. J. Feuilloley
- Laboratory of Cold Microbiology – Signals and Micro-environment EA 4312, University of Rouen, 55 Rue Saint Germain, 27000 Evreux, France
| | - Olivier Lesouhaitier
- Laboratory of Cold Microbiology – Signals and Micro-environment EA 4312, University of Rouen, 55 Rue Saint Germain, 27000 Evreux, France
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Abstract
Granulosa cells of mammalian Graafian follicles maintain oocytes in meiotic arrest, which prevents their precocious maturation. We show that mouse mural granulosa cells, which line the follicle wall, express natriuretic peptide precursor type C (Nppc) messenger RNA (mRNA), whereas cumulus cells surrounding oocytes express mRNA of the NPPC receptor NPR2, a guanylyl cyclase. NPPC increased cGMP levels in cumulus cells and oocytes and inhibited meiotic resumption in vitro. Meiotic arrest was not sustained in most Graafian follicles of Nppc or Npr2 mutant mice, and meiosis resumed precociously. Oocyte-derived paracrine factors promoted cumulus cell expression of Npr2 mRNA. Therefore, the granulosa cell ligand NPPC and its receptor NPR2 in cumulus cells prevent precocious meiotic maturation, which is critical for maturation and ovulation synchrony and for normal female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P.R. China
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - You-Qiang Su
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Koji Sugiura
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Guoliang Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P.R. China
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Abstract
Adipogenesis is regulated by a wide variety of compounds. An adipogenic cocktail containing insulin (INS), dexamethasone (DEX) and 3-isobutyl-1-methyl xanthine (IBMX) is routinely used to induce adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, but the biochemical actions in adipogenesis of IBMX, a non-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor, are not completely understood. In this study we show that C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is an endogenous adipogenesis regulator which can largely replace the function of IBMX. In 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, CNP potently elevated cGMP production through guanylyl cyclase-B (GC-B). Lipid droplets were evident in these cells upon stimulation with CNP for 12 days in the presence of INS and DEX, and their adiposity, evaluated by Oil Red O, was significantly higher than in cells stimulated with INS and DEX only. Membrane-permeable cGMP analogue also enhanced adiposity when cells were cultured together with INS and DEX, and KT5823, a non-specific cGMP-dependent kinase (cGK) inhibitor, suppressed the stimulatory effect of IBMX on adipogenesis, revealing that IBMX-stimulated adipogenesis is mediated through cGK. The enhancement of adiposity elicited by CNP was accompanied by increased mRNA levels of adipocyte-specific genes including those encoding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and glucose transporter 4. Interestingly, the mRNA level of CNP itself was markedly enhanced in 3T3-L1 cells upon stimulation with INS, DEX and IBMX, reaching a maximum at 8h incubation with the cocktail. These observations suggest that the CNP/GC-B system participates in regulation of adipogenesis, particularly at an early stage in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Katafuchi
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 6001 Forest Park Rd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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Fujii T, Komatsu Y, Yasoda A, Kondo E, Yoshioka T, Nambu T, Kanamoto N, Miura M, Tamura N, Arai H, Mukoyama M, Nakao K. Circulating C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) rescues chondrodysplastic CNP knockout mice from their impaired skeletal growth and early death. Endocrinology 2010; 151:4381-8. [PMID: 20610569 DOI: 10.1210/en.2010-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a potent stimulator of endochondral bone growth through a subtype of membranous guanylyl cyclase receptor, GC-B. Although its two cognate natriuretic peptides, ANP and BNP, are cardiac hormones produced from heart, CNP is thought to act as an autocrine/paracrine regulator. To elucidate whether systemic administration of CNP would be a novel medical treatment for chondrodysplasias, for which no drug therapy has yet been developed, we investigated the effect of circulating CNP by using the CNP transgenic mice with an increased circulating CNP under the control of human serum amyloid P component promoter (SAP-Nppc-Tg mice). SAP-Nppc-Tg mice developed prominent overgrowth of bones formed through endochondral ossification. In organ culture experiments, the growth of tibial explants of SAP-Nppc-Tg mice was not changed from that of their wild-type littermates, exhibiting that the stimulatory effect on endochondral bone growth observed in SAP-Nppc-Tg mice is humoral. Then we crossed chondrodysplastic CNP-depleted mice with SAP-Nppc-Tg mice. Impaired endochondral bone growth in CNP knockout mice were considerably and significantly recovered by increased circulating CNP, followed by the improvement in not only their longitudinal growth but also their body weight. In addition, the mortality of CNP knockout mice was greatly decreased by circulating CNP. Systemic administration of CNP might have therapeutic potential against not only impaired skeletal growth but also other aspects of impaired growth including impaired body weight gain in patients suffering from chondrodysplasias and might resultantly protect them from their early death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihito Fujii
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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Inuzuka M, Tamura N, Yamada N, Katsuura G, Oyamada N, Taura D, Sonoyama T, Fukunaga Y, Ohinata K, Sone M, Nakao K. C-type natriuretic peptide as a new regulator of food intake and energy expenditure. Endocrinology 2010; 151:3633-42. [PMID: 20555027 DOI: 10.1210/en.2010-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The physiological implication of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) including energy metabolism has not been elucidated, because of markedly short stature in CNP-null mice. In the present study we analyzed food intake and energy expenditure of CNP-null mice with chondrocyte-targeted CNP expression (CNP-Tg/Nppc(-/-) mice), in which marked skeletal dysplasia was rescued, to investigate the significance of CNP under minimal influences of skeletal phenotypes. In CNP-Tg/Nppc(-/-) mice, body weight and body fat ratio were reduced by 24% and 32%, respectively, at 20 wk of age, and decreases of blood glucose levels during insulin tolerance tests were 2-fold exaggerated at 17 wk of age, as compared with CNP-Tg/Nppc(+/+) mice. Urinary noradrenalin excretion of CNP-Tg/Nppc(-/-) mice was greater than that of CNP-Tg/Nppc(+/+) mice by 28%. In CNP-Tg/Nppc(-/-) mice, rectal temperature at 1600 h was higher by 1.1 C, and uncoupling protein-1 mRNA expression in the brown adipose tissue was 2-fold increased, which was canceled by propranolol administration, as compared with CNP-Tg/Nppc(+/+) mice. Oxygen consumption was significantly increased in CNP-Tg/Nppc(-/-) mice compared with that in CNP-Tg/Nppc(+/+) mice. Food intake of CNP-Tg/Nppc(-/-) mice upon ad libitum feeding and refeeding after 48 h starvation were reduced by 21% and 61%, respectively, as compared with CNP-Tg/Nppc(+/+) mice. This study unveiled a new aspect of CNP as a molecule regulating food intake and energy expenditure. Further analyses on precise mechanisms of CNP actions would lead to the better understanding of the significance of the CNP/guanylyl cyclase-B system in food intake and energy expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Inuzuka
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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Abstract
By using transgenic and knockout mice, we have elucidated that C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a potent stimulator of endochondral bone growth. In humans, loss-of-function mutations in the gene coding for guanylyl cyclase-B (GC-B), the specific receptor for CNP, have been proved to be the cause of acromesomelic dysplasia, type Maroteaux, one form of human skeletal dysplasias. Following these results, we have started to translate the stimulatory effect of CNP on endochondral bone growth into the therapy for patients with skeletal dysplasias. We have shown that targeted overexpression of CNP in cartilage or systemic administration of CNP reverses the impaired skeletal growth of mice model of achondroplasia, the most common form of human skeletal dysplasias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Yasoda
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
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Kake T, Kitamura H, Adachi Y, Yoshioka T, Watanabe T, Matsushita H, Fujii T, Kondo E, Tachibe T, Kawase Y, Jishage KI, Yasoda A, Mukoyama M, Nakao K. Chronically elevated plasma C-type natriuretic peptide level stimulates skeletal growth in transgenic mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2009; 297:E1339-48. [PMID: 19808910 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00272.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) plays a critical role in endochondral ossification through guanylyl cyclase-B (GC-B), a natriuretic peptide receptor subtype. Cartilage-specific overexpression of CNP enhances skeletal growth and rescues the dwarfism in a transgenic achondroplasia model with constitutive active mutation of fibroblast growth factor receptor-3. For future clinical application, the efficacy of CNP administration on skeletal growth must be evaluated. Due to the high clearance of CNP, maintaining a high concentration is technically difficult. However, to model high blood CNP concentration, we established a liver-targeted CNP-overexpressing transgenic mouse (SAP-CNP tgm). SAP-CNP tgm exhibited skeletal overgrowth in proportion to the blood CNP concentration and revealed phenotypes of systemic stimulation of cartilage bones, including limbs, paws, costal bones, spine, and skull. Furthermore, in SAP-CNP tgm, the size of the foramen magnum, the insufficient formation of which results in cervico-medullary compression in achondroplasia, also showed significant increase. CNP primarily activates GC-B, but under high concentrations it cross-reacts with guanylyl cyclase-A (GC-A), a natriuretic peptide receptor subtype of atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptides (BNP). Although activation of GC-A could alter cardiovascular homeostasis, leading to hypotension and heart weight reduction, the skeletal overgrowth phenotype in the line of SAP-CNP tgm with mild overexpression of CNP did not accompany decrease of systolic blood pressure or heart weight. These results suggest that CNP administration stimulates skeletal growth without adverse cardiovascular effect, and thus CNP could be a promising remedy targeting achondroplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takei Kake
- Pharmaceutical Research Department I, Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Company, Shizuoka, Japan
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Thompson IR, Chand AN, Jonas KC, Burrin JM, Steinhelper ME, Wheeler-Jones CP, McArdle CA, Fowkes RC. Molecular characterisation and functional interrogation of a local natriuretic peptide system in rodent pituitaries, alphaT3-1 and LbetaT2 gonadotroph cells. J Endocrinol 2009; 203:215-29. [PMID: 19666697 DOI: 10.1677/joe-09-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In the pituitary, C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) has been implicated as a gonadotroph-specific factor, yet expression of the CNP gene (Nppc) and CNP activity in gonadotrophs is poorly defined. Here, we examine the molecular expression and putative function of a local gonadotroph natriuretic peptide system. Nppc, along with all three natriuretic peptide receptors (Npr1, Npr2 and Npr3), was expressed in both alphaT3-1 and LbetaT2 cells and primary mouse pituitary tissue, yet the genes for atrial-(ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptides (Nppa and Nppb) were much less abundant. Putative processing enzymes of CNP were also expressed in alphaT3-1 cells and primary mouse pituitaries. Transcriptional analyses revealed that the proximal 50 bp of the murine Nppc promoter were sufficient for GNRH responsiveness, in an apparent protein kinase C and calcium-dependent manner. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed Sp1/Sp3 proteins form major complexes within this region of the Nppc promoter. CNP protein was detectable in rat anterior pituitaries, and electron microscopy detected CNP immunoreactivity in secretory granules of gonadotroph cells. Pharmacological analyses of natriuretic peptide receptor activity clearly showed ANP and CNP are potent activators of cGMP production. However, functional studies failed to reveal a role for CNP in regulating cell proliferation or LH secretion. Surprisingly, CNP potently stimulated the human glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit promoter in LbetaT2 cells but not in alphaT3-1 cells. Collectively, these findings support a role for CNP as the major natriuretic peptide of the anterior pituitary, and for gonadotroph cells as the major source of CNP expression and site of action.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Cyclic GMP/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Gonadotrophs/metabolism
- Luteinizing Hormone/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type/analysis
- Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type/genetics
- Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type/physiology
- Pituitary Gland/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor/analysis
- Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain R Thompson
- Endocrine Signalling Group, Veterinary Basic Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
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