1
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Chia KH, Takaki H, Fujimitsu K, Darling S, Zou J, Rappsilber J, Yamano H. CDK1-PP2A-B55 interplay ensures cell cycle oscillation via Apc1-loop 300. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114155. [PMID: 38678563 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle control relies on a delicate balance of phosphorylation with CDK1 and phosphatases like PP1 and PP2A-B55. Yet, identifying the primary substrate responsible for cell cycle oscillations remains a challenge. We uncover the pivotal role of phospho-regulation in the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), particularly through the Apc1-loop300 domain (Apc1-300L), orchestrated by CDK1 and PP2A-B55. Premature activation of PP2A-B55 during mitosis, induced by Greatwall kinase depletion, leads to Apc1-300L dephosphorylation, stalling APC/C activity and delaying Cyclin B degradation. This effect can be counteracted using the B55-specific inhibitor pEnsa or by removing Apc1-300L. We also show Cdc20's dynamic APC/C interaction across cell cycle stages, but dephosphorylation of Apc1-300L specifically inhibits further Cdc20 recruitment. Our study underscores APC/C's central role in cell cycle oscillation, identifying it as a primary substrate regulated by the CDK-PP2A partnership.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Hou Chia
- Cell Cycle Control Group, University College London (UCL) Cancer Institute, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Hiroko Takaki
- Cell Cycle Control Group, University College London (UCL) Cancer Institute, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Kazuyuki Fujimitsu
- Cell Cycle Control Group, University College London (UCL) Cancer Institute, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Sarah Darling
- Cell Cycle Control Group, University College London (UCL) Cancer Institute, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Juan Zou
- University of Edinburgh, Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Juri Rappsilber
- University of Edinburgh, Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK; Technische Universität Berlin, Chair of Bioanalytics, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hiroyuki Yamano
- Cell Cycle Control Group, University College London (UCL) Cancer Institute, London WC1E 6DD, UK.
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2
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Iglesias-Romero AB, Soto T, Flor-Parra I, Salas-Pino S, Ruiz-Romero G, Gould KL, Cansado J, Daga RR. MAPK-dependent control of mitotic progression in S. pombe. BMC Biol 2024; 22:71. [PMID: 38523261 PMCID: PMC10962199 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01865-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) preserve cell homeostasis by transducing physicochemical fluctuations of the environment into multiple adaptive responses. These responses involve transcriptional rewiring and the regulation of cell cycle transitions, among others. However, how stress conditions impinge mitotic progression is largely unknown. The mitotic checkpoint is a surveillance mechanism that inhibits mitotic exit in situations of defective chromosome capture, thus preventing the generation of aneuploidies. In this study, we investigate the role of MAPK Pmk1 in the regulation of mitotic exit upon stress. RESULTS We show that Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells lacking Pmk1, the MAP kinase effector of the cell integrity pathway (CIP), are hypersensitive to microtubule damage and defective in maintaining a metaphase arrest. Epistasis analysis suggests that Pmk1 is involved in maintaining spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) signaling, and its deletion is additive to the lack of core SAC components such as Mad2 and Mad3. Strikingly, pmk1Δ cells show up to twofold increased levels of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC/C) activator Cdc20Slp1 during unperturbed growth. We demonstrate that Pmk1 physically interacts with Cdc20Slp1 N-terminus through a canonical MAPK docking site. Most important, the Cdc20Slp1 pool is rapidly degraded in stressed cells undergoing mitosis through a mechanism that requires MAPK activity, Mad3, and the proteasome, thus resulting in a delayed mitotic exit. CONCLUSIONS Our data reveal a novel function of MAPK in preventing mitotic exit and activation of cytokinesis in response to stress. The regulation of Cdc20Slp1 turnover by MAPK Pmk1 provides a key mechanism by which the timing of mitotic exit can be adjusted relative to environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Terersa Soto
- Yeast Physiology Group, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, 30071, Spain
| | - Ignacio Flor-Parra
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, 41013, Spain
| | - Silvia Salas-Pino
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, 41013, Spain
| | - Gabriel Ruiz-Romero
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, 41013, Spain
| | - Kathleen L Gould
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37240, USA
| | - José Cansado
- Yeast Physiology Group, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, 30071, Spain.
| | - Rafael R Daga
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, 41013, Spain.
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3
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Sun SM, Zhao BW, Li YY, Liu HY, Xu YH, Yang XM, Guo JN, Ouyang YC, Weng CJ, Guan YC, Sun QY, Wang ZB. Loss of UBE2S causes meiosis I arrest with normal spindle assembly checkpoint dynamics in mouse oocytes. Development 2024; 151:dev202285. [PMID: 38546043 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The timely degradation of proteins that regulate the cell cycle is essential for oocyte maturation. Oocytes are equipped to degrade proteins via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. In meiosis, anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), an E3 ubiquitin-ligase, is responsible for the degradation of proteins. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 S (UBE2S), an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, delivers ubiquitin to APC/C. APC/C has been extensively studied, but the functions of UBE2S in oocyte maturation and mouse fertility are not clear. In this study, we used Ube2s knockout mice to explore the role of UBE2S in mouse oocytes. Ube2s-deleted oocytes were characterized by meiosis I arrest with normal spindle assembly and spindle assembly checkpoint dynamics. However, the absence of UBE2S affected the activity of APC/C. Cyclin B1 and securin are two substrates of APC/C, and their levels were consistently high, resulting in the failure of homologous chromosome separation. Unexpectedly, the oocytes arrested in meiosis I could be fertilized and the embryos could become implanted normally, but died before embryonic day 10.5. In conclusion, our findings reveal an indispensable regulatory role of UBE2S in mouse oocyte meiosis and female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Min Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Bing-Wang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hong-Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China
| | - Yuan-Hong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xue-Mei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jia-Ni Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ying-Chun Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chang-Jiang Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China
| | - Yi-Chun Guan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Qing-Yuan Sun
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Reproductive Health, Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, China
| | - Zhen-Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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4
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Tu Y, Zhang H, Xia J, Zhao Y, Yang R, Feng J, Ma X, Li J. SETDB2 interacts with BUBR1 to induce accurate chromosome segregation independently of its histone methyltransferase activity. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:444-454. [PMID: 38151757 PMCID: PMC10909981 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
SETDB2 is a H3K9 histone methyltransferase required for accurate chromosome segregation. Its H3K9 histone methyltransferase activity was reported to be associated with chromosomes during metaphase. Here, we confirm that SETDB2 is required for mitosis and accurate chromosome segregation. However, these functions are independent of its histone methyltransferase activity. Further analysis showed that SETDB2 can interact with BUBR1, and is required for CDC20 binding to BUBR1 and APC/C complex and CYCLIN B1 degradation. The ability of SETDB2 to regulate the binding of CDC20 to BUBR1 or APC/C complex, and stabilization of CYCLIN B1 are also independent of its histone methyltransferase activity. These results suggest that SETDB2 interacts with BUBR1 to promote binding of CDC20 to BUBR1 and APC3, then degrades CYCLIN B1 to ensure accurate chromosome segregation and mitosis, independently of its histone methyltransferase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Tu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- The Second Affiliated HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenChina
| | - Haomiao Zhang
- The Third School of Clinical MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jialin Xia
- School of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yu Zhao
- Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Ruifang Yang
- Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Jing Feng
- School of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- The Second Affiliated HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenChina
- Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Xueyun Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jing Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian HospitalShanghaiChina
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5
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Zhang T, Zhao SH, He Y. ZmTDM1 encodes a tetratricopeptide repeat domain protein and is required for meiotic exit in maize. Plant J 2024; 117:1517-1527. [PMID: 38047628 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Elaborate cell-cycle control must be adopted to ensure the continuity of the meiotic second division and termination after that. Despite its importance, however, the genetic controls underlying the meiotic cell cycle have not been reported in maize. Here, we characterized a meiotic cell-cycle controller ZmTDM1, which is a homolog of Arabidopsis TDM1 and encodes a canonical tetratricopeptide repeat domain protein in maize. The Zmtdm1 homozygous plants exhibited complete male sterility and severe female abortion. In Zmtdm1 mutants, cell-cycle progression was almost identical to that of wild type from leptotene to anaphase II. However, chromosomes in the tetrad failed meiotic termination at the end of the second division and underwent additional divisions in succession without DNA replication, reducing the ploidy to less than haploid in the product. In addition, two ZmTDM1-like homologs (ZmTDML1 and ZmTDML2) were not functional in meiotic cell-cycle control. Moreover, ZmTDM1 interacted with RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase, revealing that it acts as a subunit of the APC/C E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Overall, our results identified a regulator of meiotic cell cycle in maize and demonstrated that ZmTDM1 is essential for meiotic exit after meiosis II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuang-Hui Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yan He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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6
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Mouery BL, Baker EM, Mills CA, Herring LE, Fleifel D, Cook JG. APC/C prevents non-canonical order of cyclin/CDK activity to maintain CDK4/6 inhibitor-induced arrest. bioRxiv 2023:2023.11.09.566394. [PMID: 37986787 PMCID: PMC10659421 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.09.566394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Regulated cell cycle progression ensures homeostasis and prevents cancer. In proliferating cells, premature S phase entry is avoided by the E3 ubiquitin ligase APC/C (anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome), although the APC/C substrates whose degradation restrains G1-S progression are not fully known. The APC/C is also active in arrested cells that exited the cell cycle, but it is not clear if APC/C maintains all types of arrest. Here by expressing the APC/C inhibitor, EMI1, we show that APC/C activity is essential to prevent S phase entry in cells arrested by pharmacological CDK4/6 inhibition (Palbociclib). Thus, active protein degradation is required for arrest alongside repressed cell cycle gene expression. The mechanism of rapid and robust arrest bypass from inhibiting APC/C involves cyclin-dependent kinases acting in an atypical order to inactivate RB-mediated E2F repression. Inactivating APC/C first causes mitotic cyclin B accumulation which then promotes cyclin A expression. We propose that cyclin A is the key substrate for maintaining arrest because APC/C-resistant cyclin A, but not cyclin B, is sufficient to induce S phase entry. Cells bypassing arrest from CDK4/6 inhibition initiate DNA replication with severely reduced origin licensing. The simultaneous accumulation of S phase licensing inhibitors, such as cyclin A and geminin, with G1 licensing activators disrupts the normal order of G1-S progression. As a result, DNA synthesis and cell proliferation are profoundly impaired. Our findings predict that cancers with elevated EMI1 expression will tend to escape CDK4/6 inhibition into a premature, underlicensed S phase and suffer enhanced genome instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L Mouery
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Eliyambuya M Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Immuno-Oncology, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Christine A Mills
- UNC Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Pharmacology. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pharmacology. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill NC, 27599, USA
| | - Laura E Herring
- UNC Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Pharmacology. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pharmacology. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill NC, 27599, USA
| | - Dalia Fleifel
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Jeanette Gowen Cook
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pharmacology. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Chapel Hill NC, 27599, USA
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7
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Lara-Gonzalez P, Variyar S, Budrewicz J, Schlientz A, Varshney N, Bellaart A, Moghareh S, Nguyen ACN, Oegema K, Desai A. Cyclin B3 is a dominant fast-acting cyclin that drives rapid early embryonic mitoses. bioRxiv 2023:2023.08.11.553011. [PMID: 37609212 PMCID: PMC10441424 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.11.553011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
In many species, early embryonic mitoses proceed at a very rapid pace, but how this pace is achieved is not understood. Here we show that in the early C. elegans embryo, cyclin B3 is the dominant driver of rapid embryonic mitoses. Metazoans typically have three cyclin B isoforms that associate with and activate Cdk1 kinase to orchestrate mitotic events: the related cyclins B1 and B2 and the more divergent cyclin B3. We show that whereas embryos expressing cyclins B1 and B2 support slow mitosis (NEBD to Anaphase ~ 600s), the presence of cyclin B3 dominantly drives the ~3-fold faster mitosis observed in wildtype embryos. CYB-1/2-driven mitosis is longer than CYB-3-driven mitosis primarily because the progression of mitotic events itself is slower, rather than delayed anaphase onset due to activation of the spindle checkpoint or inhibitory phosphorylation of the anaphase activator CDC-20. Addition of cyclin B1 to cyclin B3-only mitosis introduces an ~60s delay between the completion of chromosome alignment and anaphase onset, which likely ensures segregation fidelity; this delay is mediated by inhibitory phosphorylation on CDC-20. Thus, the dominance of cyclin B3 in driving mitotic events, coupled to introduction of a short cyclin B1-dependent delay in anaphase onset, sets the rapid pace and ensures fidelity of mitoses in the early C. elegans embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Lara-Gonzalez
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, CA 92697
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla CA 92093
| | - Smriti Variyar
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, CA 92093
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, CA 92093
| | - Jacqueline Budrewicz
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla CA 92093
- Current address: Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), OR 97239
- Current address: Division of Reproductive & Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center (ONPRC), Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Aleesa Schlientz
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, CA 92093
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, CA 92093
| | - Neha Varshney
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, CA 92093
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, CA 92093
| | - Andrew Bellaart
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, CA 92093
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, CA 92093
| | - Shabnam Moghareh
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Anh Cao Ngoc Nguyen
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Karen Oegema
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla CA 92093
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, CA 92093
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, CA 92093
| | - Arshad Desai
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla CA 92093
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, CA 92093
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, CA 92093
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8
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Houston J, Ohta M, Gómez-Cavazos JS, Deep A, Corbett KD, Oegema K, Lara-Gonzalez P, Kim T, Desai A. BUB-1-bound PLK-1 directs CDC-20 kinetochore recruitment to ensure timely embryonic mitoses. Curr Biol 2023; 33:2291-2299.e10. [PMID: 37137308 PMCID: PMC10270731 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
During mitosis, chromosomes assemble kinetochores to dynamically couple with spindle microtubules.1,2 Kinetochores also function as signaling hubs directing mitotic progression by recruiting and controlling the fate of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) activator CDC-20.3,4,5 Kinetochores either incorporate CDC-20 into checkpoint complexes that inhibit the APC/C or dephosphorylate CDC-20, which allows it to interact with and activate the APC/C.4,6 The importance of these two CDC-20 fates likely depends on the biological context. In human somatic cells, the major mechanism controlling mitotic progression is the spindle checkpoint. By contrast, progression through mitosis during the cell cycles of early embryos is largely checkpoint independent.7,8,9,10 Here, we first show that CDC-20 phosphoregulation controls mitotic duration in the C. elegans embryo and defines a checkpoint-independent temporal mitotic optimum for robust embryogenesis. CDC-20 phosphoregulation occurs at kinetochores and in the cytosol. At kinetochores, the flux of CDC-20 for local dephosphorylation requires an ABBA motif on BUB-1 that directly interfaces with the structured WD40 domain of CDC-20.6,11,12,13 We next show that a conserved "STP" motif in BUB-1 that docks the mitotic kinase PLK-114 is necessary for CDC-20 kinetochore recruitment and timely mitotic progression. The kinase activity of PLK-1 is required for CDC-20 to localize to kinetochores and phosphorylates the CDC-20-binding ABBA motif of BUB-1 to promote BUB-1-CDC-20 interaction and mitotic progression. Thus, the BUB-1-bound pool of PLK-1 ensures timely mitosis during embryonic cell cycles by promoting CDC-20 recruitment to the vicinity of kinetochore-localized phosphatase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Houston
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Midori Ohta
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - J Sebastián Gómez-Cavazos
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Amar Deep
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kevin D Corbett
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Karen Oegema
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Pablo Lara-Gonzalez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Taekyung Kim
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Biology Education, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Arshad Desai
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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9
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Li F, Mladenov E, Sun Y, Soni A, Stuschke M, Timmermann B, Iliakis G. Low CDK Activity and Enhanced Degradation by APC/CCDH1 Abolishes CtIP Activity and Alt-EJ in Quiescent Cells. Cells 2023; 12:1530. [PMID: 37296650 PMCID: PMC10252496 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alt-EJ is an error-prone DNA double-strand break (DSBs) repair pathway coming to the fore when first-line repair pathways, c-NHEJ and HR, are defective or fail. It is thought to benefit from DNA end-resection-a process whereby 3' single-stranded DNA-tails are generated-initiated by the CtIP/MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex and extended by EXO1 or the BLM/DNA2 complex. The connection between alt-EJ and resection remains incompletely characterized. Alt-EJ depends on the cell cycle phase, is at maximum in G2-phase, substantially reduced in G1-phase and almost undetectable in quiescent, G0-phase cells. The mechanism underpinning this regulation remains uncharacterized. Here, we compare alt-EJ in G1- and G0-phase cells exposed to ionizing radiation (IR) and identify CtIP-dependent resection as the key regulator. Low levels of CtIP in G1-phase cells allow modest resection and alt-EJ, as compared to G2-phase cells. Strikingly, CtIP is undetectable in G0-phase cells owing to APC/C-mediated degradation. The suppression of CtIP degradation with bortezomib or CDH1-depletion rescues CtIP and alt-EJ in G0-phase cells. CtIP activation in G0-phase cells also requires CDK-dependent phosphorylation by any available CDK but is restricted to CDK4/6 at the early stages of the normal cell cycle. We suggest that suppression of mutagenic alt-EJ in G0-phase is a mechanism by which cells of higher eukaryotes maintain genomic stability in a large fraction of non-cycling cells in their organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghua Li
- Institute of Medical Radiation Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (F.L.); (E.M.); (Y.S.); (A.S.)
- Department of Particle Therapy, University Hospital Essen, West German Proton Therapy Centre Essen (WPE), West German Cancer Center (WTZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Emil Mladenov
- Institute of Medical Radiation Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (F.L.); (E.M.); (Y.S.); (A.S.)
- Division of Experimental Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation Therapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Yanjie Sun
- Institute of Medical Radiation Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (F.L.); (E.M.); (Y.S.); (A.S.)
- Department of Particle Therapy, University Hospital Essen, West German Proton Therapy Centre Essen (WPE), West German Cancer Center (WTZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Aashish Soni
- Institute of Medical Radiation Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (F.L.); (E.M.); (Y.S.); (A.S.)
- Division of Experimental Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation Therapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Martin Stuschke
- Division of Experimental Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation Therapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site University Hospital Essen, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Beate Timmermann
- Department of Particle Therapy, University Hospital Essen, West German Proton Therapy Centre Essen (WPE), West German Cancer Center (WTZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 45147 Essen, Germany;
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site University Hospital Essen, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - George Iliakis
- Institute of Medical Radiation Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (F.L.); (E.M.); (Y.S.); (A.S.)
- Division of Experimental Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation Therapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
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10
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Fan H, Quan S, Ye Q, Zhang L, Liu W, Zhu N, Zhang X, Ruan W, Yi K, Crawford NM, Wang Y. A molecular framework underlying low-nitrogen-induced early leaf senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana. Mol Plant 2023; 16:756-774. [PMID: 36906802 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deficiency causes early leaf senescence, resulting in accelerated whole-plant maturation and severely reduced crop yield. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying N-deficiency-induced early leaf senescence remain unclear, even in the model species Arabidopsis thaliana. In this study, we identified Growth, Development and Splicing 1 (GDS1), a previously reported transcription factor, as a new regulator of nitrate (NO3-) signaling by a yeast-one-hybrid screen using a NO3- enhancer fragment from the promoter of NRT2.1. We showed that GDS1 promotes NO3- signaling, absorption and assimilation by affecting the expression of multiple NO3- regulatory genes, including Nitrate Regulatory Gene2 (NRG2). Interestingly, we observed that gds1 mutants show early leaf senescence as well as reduced NO3- content and N uptake under N-deficient conditions. Further analyses indicated that GDS1 binds to the promoters of several senescence-related genes, including Phytochrome-Interacting Transcription Factors 4 and 5 (PIF4 and PIF5) and represses their expression. Interestingly, we found that N deficiency decreases GDS1 protein accumulation, and GDS1 could interact with Anaphase Promoting Complex Subunit 10 (APC10). Genetic and biochemical experiments demonstrated that Anaphase Promoting Complex or Cyclosome (APC/C) promotes the ubiquitination and degradation of GDS1 under N deficiency, resulting in loss of PIF4 and PIF5 repression and consequent early leaf senescence. Furthermore, we discovered that overexpression of GDS1 could delay leaf senescence and improve seed yield and N-use efficiency (NUE) in Arabidopsis. In summary, our study uncovers a molecular framework illustrating a new mechanism underlying low-N-induced early leaf senescence and provides potential targets for genetic improvement of crop varieties with increased yield and NUE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Shuxuan Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Qing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Ning Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Wenyuan Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 10081, China
| | - Keke Yi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 10081, China
| | - Nigel M Crawford
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Science, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China.
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11
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Ozmen Yaylaci A, Canbek M. The role of ubiquitin signaling pathway on liver regeneration in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:131-147. [PMID: 35750978 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04482-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitin signalling pathway is a large system associated with numerous intracellular mechanisms. However, its function in the liver regeneration process remains unknown. This particular study investigates the intracellular effect mechanisms of the ubiquitin signalling pathway. It also determines the differences in the expression of 88 genes belonging to the ubiquitin pathway using the RT-PCR array method. To conduct this research, three genes-that differed in the expression analysis were selected. Moreover, their proteins were analysed by western blot analysis while using Ki67 immunohistochemical analysis that determines proliferation rates by hour. It was determined that BRCA1 and BARD1, which are effective in DNA repair, play an active role at PH24. Similarly, Ube2t expression, which belongs to the Fanconi anaemia pathway associated with DNA repair, was also found to be high at PH12-72 h. In addition, it was revealed that the expressions of Anapc2, Anapc11, Cdc20 belonging to the APC/CCdc20 complex, which participate in cell cycle regulation, differed at different hours after PH. Expression of Mul1, which is involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy mechanisms, peaked at PH12 under the observation. Considering the Mul1 gene expression difference, MUL1-mediated mitophagy and mitochondrial fission mechanism may be associated with liver regeneration. It was also determined that PARKIN-mediated mitophagy mechanisms are not active in 0-72 h of liver regeneration since PARKIN expression did not show a significant change in PH groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Ozmen Yaylaci
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Hitit University, 19030, Corum, Turkey.
| | - Mediha Canbek
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26480, Eskisehir, Turkey
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12
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Duan L, Perez RE, Calhoun S, Maki CG. Inhibitors of Jumonji C domain-containing histone lysine demethylases overcome cisplatin and paclitaxel resistance in non-small cell lung cancer through APC/Cdh1-dependent degradation of CtIP and PAF15. Cancer Biol Ther 2022; 23:65-75. [PMID: 35100078 PMCID: PMC8812751 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2021.2020060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The Jumonji C domain-containing family of histone lysine demethylases (Jumonji KDMs) have emerged as promising cancer therapy targets. These enzymes remove methyl groups from various histone lysines and, in turn, regulate processes including chromatin compaction, gene transcription, and DNA repair. Small molecule inhibitors of Jumonji KDMs have shown promise in preclinical studies against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and other cancers. However, how these inhibitors influence cancer therapy responses and/or DNA repair is incompletely understood. In this study, we established cell line and PDX tumor model systems of cisplatin and paclitaxel-resistant NSCLC. We showed that resistant cells and tumors express high levels of Jumonji-KDMs. Knockdown of individual KDMs or treatment with a pan-Jumonji KDM inhibitor sensitized the cells and tumors to cisplatin and paclitaxel and blocked NSCLC in vivo tumor growth. Mechanistically, we found inhibition of Jumonji-KDMs triggers APC/Cdh1-dependent degradation of CtIP and PAF15, two DNA repair proteins that promote repair of cisplatin and paclitaxel-induced DNA lesions. Knockdown of CtIP and PAF15 sensitized resistant cells to cisplatin, indicating their degradation when Jumonji KDMs are inhibited contributes to cisplatin sensitivity. Our results support the idea that Jumonji-KDMs are a targetable barrier to effective therapy responses in NSCLC. Inhibition of Jumonji KDMs increases therapy (cisplatin/paclitaxel) sensitivity in NSCLC cells, at least in part, by promoting APC/Cdh1-dependent degradation of CtIP and PAF15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Duan
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ricardo E Perez
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sarah Calhoun
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carl G Maki
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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13
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Hu X, Jin X, Cao X, Liu B. The Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome Is a Cellular Ageing Regulator. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315327. [PMID: 36499653 PMCID: PMC9740938 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is a complicated cellular component that plays significant roles in regulating the cell cycle process of eukaryotic organisms. The spatiotemporal regulation mechanisms of APC/C in distinct cell cycle transitions are no longer mysterious, and the components of this protein complex are gradually identified and characterized. Given the close relationship between the cell cycle and lifespan, it is urgent to understand the roles of APC/C in lifespan regulation, but this field still seems to have not been systematically summarized. Furthermore, although several reviews have reported the roles of APC/C in cancer, there are still gaps in the summary of its roles in other age-related diseases. In this review, we propose that the APC/C is a novel cellular ageing regulator based on its indispensable role in the regulation of lifespan and its involvement in age-associated diseases. This work provides an extensive review of aspects related to the underlying mechanisms of APC/C in lifespan regulation and how it participates in age-associated diseases. More comprehensive recognition and understanding of the relationship between APC/C and ageing and age-related diseases will increase the development of targeted strategies for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xuejiao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xiuling Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (B.L.)
| | - Beidong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (B.L.)
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14
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Zeng SL, Patel SS, Lv MQ, Zhu D, Shen WH, Liu L. STYK1/NOK affects cell cycle late mitosis and directly interacts with anaphase-promoting complex activator CDH1. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12058. [PMID: 36506394 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel oncogene STYK1/NOK plays critical roles in cancer development. However, its regulation during cell division is less defined. In this paper, we show that over-expression of STYK1/NOK caused mitotic arrest and cytokinesis defects. The protein level of STYK/NOK fluctuated during the cell cycle, with a peak at mitosis and a quick reduction upon mitotic exit. The cell cycle-related expression pattern of STYK1/NOK resembled the one of aurora kinases and polo-like kinase 1. Depletion of APC3 led to accumulation of STYK1/NOK and to the G2/M arrest. Co-immunoprecipitation experiment demonstrated the direct interaction of STYK1/NOK with CDH1. Overexpression of CDH1 shortened the half-life of STYK1/NOK. The kinase domain, but not the five D boxes, of STYK1/NOK was responsible for the interaction with CDH1. Altogether, our data demonstrated for the first time that STYK1/NOK could affect cell division, probably by directly targeting key components of APC/C such as CDH1 at late mitosis. Current study may provide a vital mechanistic clue for understanding the roles of STYK1/NOK in mitosis and cytokinesis during STYK1NOK mediated genomic instability and oncogenesis.
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15
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Gao J, Yang D, Cao R, Huang H, Ma J, Wang Z, Xia J, Pan X. The role of Fbxo5 in the development of human malignant tumors. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:1456-1464. [PMID: 35530293 PMCID: PMC9077063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Fbxo5 (F-Box only protein 5), as a substrate recognition subunit of SCF (SKP1-Cullin1-Fbox) protein, plays a crucial role in various cellular processes through ubiquitination and degradation of multiple proteins. In recent years, many studies have pointed out that Fbxo5 is critically involved in carcinogenesis. Moreover, targeting Fbxo5 could have a therapeutic potential for cancer therapy. This review focuses on the functions of Fbxo5 in various types of human malignancies and its underlying molecular mechanisms. This review might lay the foundation for enhancing future investigation on Fbxo5 functions in cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Gao
- Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu 233030, Anhui, China
| | - Dandan Yang
- Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu 233030, Anhui, China
| | - Ruoxue Cao
- Department of Laboratory, Lianyungang Second People’s HospitalLianyungang 222000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu 233030, Anhui, China
| | - Jia Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu 233030, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu 233030, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu 233030, Anhui, China
| | - Xueshan Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu 233030, Anhui, China
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16
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Tischer T, Yang J, Barford D. The APC/C targets the Cep152-Cep63 complex at the centrosome to regulate mitotic spindle assembly. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:jcs259273. [PMID: 34878135 PMCID: PMC8917351 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The control of protein abundance is a fundamental regulatory mechanism during mitosis. The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is the main protein ubiquitin ligase responsible for the temporal regulation of mitotic progression. It has been proposed that the APC/C might fulfil other functions, including assembly of the mitotic spindle. Here, we show that the APC/C localizes to centrosomes, the organizers of the eukaryotic microtubule cytoskeleton, specifically during mitosis. Recruitment of the APC/C to spindle poles requires the centrosomal protein Cep152, and we identified Cep152 as both an APC/C interaction partner and an APC/C substrate. Previous studies have shown that Cep152 forms a complex with Cep57 and Cep63. The APC/C-mediated ubiquitylation of Cep152 at the centrosome releases Cep57 from this inhibitory complex and enables its interaction with pericentrin, a critical step in promoting microtubule nucleation. Thus, our study extends the function of the APC/C from being a regulator of mitosis to also acting as a positive governor of spindle assembly. The APC/C thereby integrates control of these two important processes in a temporal manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Tischer
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | | | - David Barford
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
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17
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Li L, Xia Y, Yang Y, Zhang W, Yan H, Yin P, Li K, Chen Y, Lu L, Tong G. CDC26 is a key factor in human oocyte aging. Hum Reprod 2021; 36:3095-3107. [PMID: 34590680 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is CDC26 a key factor in human oocyte aging? SUMMARY ANSWER The lack of CDC26 disrupts the oocytes maturation process, leading to oocyte aging, but these defects could be partially rescued by overexpression of the CDC26 protein. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Age-related oocyte aging is the main cause of female fertility decline. In mammalian oocytes, aberrant meiosis can cause chromosomal abnormalities that might lead to infertility and developmental disorders. CDC26 participates in the meiosis process. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Differential gene expression in young and old women oocytes were screened by single-cell RNA-seq technology, and the functions of differentially genes were verified on mouse oocytes. Finally, transfection technology was used to evaluate the effect of a differentially expressed gene in rescuing human oocyte from aging. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Discarded human oocytes were collected for single-cell RNA-seq, q-PCR and immunocytochemical analyses to screen for and identify differential gene expression. Female KM mice oocytes were collected for IVM of oocytes, q-PCR and immunocytochemical analyses to delineate the relationships between oocyte aging and differential gene expression. Additionally, recombinant lentiviral vectors encoding CDC26 were transfected into the germinal vesicle oocytes of older women, to investigate the effects of the CDC26 gene expression on oocyte development. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Many genes were found to be differentially expressed in the oocytes of young versus old patients via RNA-seq technology. CDC26 mRNA and protein levels in aged oocytes were severely decreased, when compared with the levels observed in young oocytes. Moreover, aged oocytes lacking CDC26 were more prone to aneuploidy. These defects in aged oocytes could be partially rescued by overexpression of the CDC26 protein. LARGE SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Our study delineated key steps in the oocyte aging process by identifying the key role of CDC26 in the progression of oocyte maturation. Future studies are required to address whether other signaling pathways play a role in regulating oocyte maturation via CDC26 and which genes are the direct molecular targets of CDC26. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our results using in vitro systems for both mouse and human oocyte maturation provide a proof of principle that CDC26 may represent a novel therapeutic approach against maternal aging-related spindle and chromosomal abnormalities. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81571442 and 81170571), the outstanding Talent Project of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health (XBR2011067) and Clinical Research and Cultivation Project in Shanghai Municipal Hospitals (SHDC12019X32). The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Xia
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wuwen Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Yan
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Yin
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoqing Tong
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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18
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Hu Y, Hu X, Li D, Du Z, Shi K, He C, Zhang Y, Zhang D. The APC/CFZY-1/Cdc20 Complex Coordinates With OMA-1 to Regulate the Oocyte-to-Embryo Transition in Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:749654. [PMID: 34722532 PMCID: PMC8554129 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.749654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During oocyte maturation and the oocyte-to-embryo transition, key developmental regulators such as RNA-binding proteins coordinate translation of particular messenger RNA (mRNAs) and related developmental processes by binding to their cognate maternal mRNAs. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, these processes are regulated by a set of CCCH zinc finger proteins. Oocyte maturation defective-1 (OMA-1) and OMA-2 are two functionally redundant CCCH zinc finger proteins that turnover rapidly during the first embryonic cell division. These turnovers are required for proper transition from oogenesis to embryogenesis. A gain-of-function mutant of OMA-1, oma-1(zu405), stabilizes and delays degradation of OMA-1, resulting in delayed turnover and mis-segregation of other cell fate determinants, which eventually causes embryonic lethality. We performed a large-scale forward genetic screen to identify suppressors of the oma-1(zu405) mutant. We show here that multiple alleles affecting functions of various anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) subunits, including MAT-1, MAT-2, MAT-3, EMB-30, and FZY-1, suppress the gain-of-function mutant of OMA-1. Transcriptome analysis suggested that overall transcription in early embryos occurred after introducing mutations in APC/C genes into the oma-1(zu405) mutant. Mutations in APC/C genes prevent OMA-1 enrichment in P granules and correct delayed degradation of downstream cell fate determinants including pharynx and intestine in excess-1 (PIE-1), posterior segregation-1 (POS-1), muscle excess-3 (MEX-3), and maternal effect germ-cell defective-1 (MEG-1). We demonstrated that only the activator FZY-1, but not FZR-1, is incorporated in the APC/C complex to regulate the oocyte-to-embryo transition. Our findings suggested a genetic relationship linking the APC/C complex and OMA-1, and support a model in which the APC/C complex promotes P granule accumulation and modifies RNA binding of OMA-1 to regulate the oocyte-to-embryo transition process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabing Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuewen Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongchen Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenxia He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Donglei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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19
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Wu H, Zhang X, Shen Q, Liu Y, Gao Y, Wang G, Lv M, Hua R, Xu Y, Zhou P, Wei Z, Tao F, He X, Cao Y, Liu M. A homozygous loss-of-function mutation in FBXO43 causes human non-obstructive azoospermia. Clin Genet 2021; 101:55-64. [PMID: 34595750 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) represents one of the most serious forms of male infertility caused by spermatogenic failure. Despite multiple genes found to be associated with human NOA, the genetic basis of this idiopathic disease remains largely unknown. FBXO43 is a direct inhibitor of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) E3 ligase and crucially important in mouse spermatogenesis. In this study, for the first time, we identified a homozygous nonsense mutation in FBXO43 c.1747C > T:p.Gln583X in two NOA brothers from a Chinese consanguineous family via whole-exome sequencing. FBXO43 was absent from testicular tissue of the proband, and FBXO43-immunostaining signals were invisible in the affected seminiferous tubules. Furthermore, in humans, FBXO43 defects cause meiotic arrest within early diplotene of prophase I. The results here demonstrate the pathogenicity of this loss-of-function mutation and confirmed that spermatocytes were unable to complete meiotic divisions without FBXO43 in humans. In mouse testicular protein extracts, three subunits of the APC/C, including ANAPC2, ANAPC8 and ANAPC10, were validated to interact directly with FBXO43, whereas no interactions were detected for FBXO43 and SKP1. This study furthers our understanding of the genetic basis of human NOA and provides insights into FBXO43 and male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qunshan Shen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yiyuan Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guanxiong Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mingrong Lv
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Rong Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuping Xu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhaolian Wei
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaojin He
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, China
| | - Mingxi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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20
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Fujimitsu K, Yamano H. Dynamic regulation of mitotic ubiquitin ligase APC/C by coordinated Plx1 kinase and PP2A phosphatase action on a flexible Apc1 loop. EMBO J 2021; 40:e107516. [PMID: 34291488 PMCID: PMC8441438 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020107516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a multi-subunit ubiquitin ligase essential for cell cycle control, is regulated by reversible phosphorylation. APC/C phosphorylation by cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) promotes Cdc20 co-activator loading in mitosis to form active APC/C-Cdc20. However, detailed phospho-regulation of APC/C dynamics through other kinases and phosphatases is still poorly understood. Here, we show that an interplay between polo-like kinase (Plx1) and PP2A-B56 phosphatase on a flexible loop domain of the subunit Apc1 (Apc1-loop500 ) controls APC/C activity and mitotic progression. Plx1 directly binds to the Apc1-loop500 in a phosphorylation-dependent manner and promotes the formation of APC/C-Cdc20 via Apc3 phosphorylation. Upon phosphorylation of loop residue T532, PP2A-B56 is recruited to the Apc1-loop500 and differentially promotes dissociation of Plx1 and PP2A-B56 through dephosphorylation of Plx1-binding sites. Stable Plx1 binding, which prevents PP2A-B56 recruitment, prematurely activates the APC/C and delays APC/C dephosphorylation during mitotic exit. Furthermore, the phosphorylation status of the Apc1-loop500 is controlled by distant Apc3-loop phosphorylation. Our study suggests that phosphorylation-dependent feedback regulation through flexible loop domains within a macromolecular complex coordinates the activity and dynamics of the APC/C during the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Fujimitsu
- Cell Cycle Control GroupUCL Cancer InstituteUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Hiroyuki Yamano
- Cell Cycle Control GroupUCL Cancer InstituteUniversity College LondonLondonUK
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21
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Du Y, Zhang M, Liu X, Li Z, Hu M, Tian Y, Lv L, Zhang X, Liu Y, Zhang P, Zhou Y. CDC20 promotes bone formation via APC/C dependent ubiquitination and degradation of p65. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e52576. [PMID: 34382737 PMCID: PMC8419691 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202152576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The E3 ubiquitin ligase complex CDC20‐activated anaphase‐promoting complex/Cyclosome (APC/CCDC20) plays a critical role in governing mitotic progression by targeting key cell cycle regulators for degradation. Cell division cycle protein 20 homolog (CDC20), the co‐activator of APC/C, is required for full ubiquitin ligase activity. In addition to its well‐known cell cycle‐related functions, we demonstrate that CDC20 plays an essential role in osteogenic commitment of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (BMSCs). Cdc20 conditional knockout mice exhibit decreased bone formation and impaired bone regeneration after injury. Mechanistically, we discovered a functional interaction between the WD40 domain of CDC20 and the DNA‐binding domain of p65. Moreover, CDC20 promotes the ubiquitination and degradation of p65 in an APC11‐dependent manner. More importantly, knockdown of p65 rescues the bone loss in Cdc20 conditional knockout mice. Our current work reveals a cell cycle‐independent function of CDC20, establishes APC11CDC20 as a pivotal regulator for bone formation by governing the ubiquitination and degradation of p65, and may pave the way for treatment of bone‐related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangge Du
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejiao Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Menglong Hu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yueming Tian
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Longwei Lv
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yunsong Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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22
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Cohen E, Peterson NG, Sawyer JK, Fox DT. Accelerated cell cycles enable organ regeneration under developmental time constraints in the Drosophila hindgut. Dev Cell 2021; 56:2059-2072.e3. [PMID: 34019841 PMCID: PMC8319103 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Individual organ development must be temporally coordinated with development of the rest of the organism. As a result, cell division cycles in a developing organ occur on a relatively fixed timescale. Despite this, many developing organs can regenerate cells lost to injury. How organs regenerate within the time constraints of organism development remains unclear. Here, we show that the developing Drosophila hindgut regenerates by accelerating the mitotic cell cycle. This process is achieved by decreasing G1 length and requires the JAK/STAT ligand unpaired-3. Mitotic capacity is then terminated by the steroid hormone ecdysone receptor and the Sox transcription factor Dichaete. These two factors converge on regulation of a hindgut-specific enhancer of fizzy-related, a negative regulator of mitotic cyclins. Our findings reveal how the cell-cycle machinery and cytokine signaling can be adapted to accomplish developmental organ regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erez Cohen
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA
| | - Nora G Peterson
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA
| | - Jessica K Sawyer
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA
| | - Donald T Fox
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA; Regeneration Next Initiative, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA.
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23
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Greil C, Felthaus J, Follo M, Ihorst G, Ewerth D, Schüler J, Schnerch D, Duyster J, Engelhardt M, Wäsch R. Targeting mitotic exit in solid tumors. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:3698-3710. [PMID: 34354869 PMCID: PMC8332852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting mitosis by taxanes is one of the most common chemotherapeutic approaches in various malignant solid tumors, but cancer cells may survive antimitotic treatment with attainable in vivo concentrations due to mitotic slippage with a residual activity of the ubiquitin ligase anaphase-promoting complex (APC/C) and a continuous slow ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent cyclin B-degradation leading to mitotic exit. Therefore, blocking cyclin B-proteolysis via additional proteasome (PI) or APC/C-inhibition may have the potential to enhance tumor cell eradication by inducing a more robust mitotic block and mitotic cell death. Here, we analyzed this approach in different cell lines and more physiological patient-derived xenografts (PDX) from lung and breast cancer. The sequential combination of paclitaxel with the PI bortezomib enhanced cell death, but in contrast to the hypothesis during interphase and not in mitosis in both lung and breast cancer. APC/C-inhibition alone or in sequential combination with paclitaxel led to strong mitotic cell death in lung cancer. But in breast cancer, with high expression of the anti-apoptotic regulator Mcl-1, cell death in interphase was induced. Here, combined APC/C- and Mcl-1-inhibition with or without paclitaxel was highly lethal but still resulted in interphase cell death. Taken together, the combination of antimitotic agents with a clinically approved PI or inhibitors of the APC/C and Mcl-1 is a promising approach to improve treatment response in different solid tumors, even though they act entity-dependent at different cell cycle phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Greil
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of FreiburgFreiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Felthaus
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of FreiburgFreiburg, Germany
| | - Marie Follo
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of FreiburgFreiburg, Germany
| | - Gabriele Ihorst
- Clinical Trials Unit, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of FreiburgGermany
| | - Daniel Ewerth
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of FreiburgFreiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Schüler
- Charles River Discovery Research Services Germany GmbHFreiburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Schnerch
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of FreiburgFreiburg, Germany
| | - Justus Duyster
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of FreiburgFreiburg, Germany
| | - Monika Engelhardt
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of FreiburgFreiburg, Germany
| | - Ralph Wäsch
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of FreiburgFreiburg, Germany
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24
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Medley JC, DiPanni JR, Schira L, Shaffou BM, Sebou BM, Song MH. APC/CFZR-1 regulates centrosomal ZYG-1 to limit centrosome number. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs253088. [PMID: 34308970 PMCID: PMC8349554 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.253088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant centrosome numbers are associated with human cancers. The levels of centrosome regulators positively correlate with centrosome number. Thus, tight control of centrosome protein levels is critical. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome and its co-activator FZR-1 (APC/CFZR-1), a ubiquitin ligase, negatively regulates centrosome assembly through SAS-5 degradation. In this study, we report the C. elegans ZYG-1 (Plk4 in humans) as a potential substrate of APC/CFZR-1. Inhibiting APC/CFZR-1 or mutating a ZYG-1 destruction (D)-box leads to elevated ZYG-1 levels at centrosomes, restoring bipolar spindles and embryonic viability to zyg-1 mutants, suggesting that APC/CFZR-1 influences centrosomal ZYG-1 via the D-box motif. We also show the Slimb/βTrCP-binding (SB) motif is critical for ZYG-1 degradation, substantiating a conserved mechanism by which ZYG-1/Plk4 stability is regulated by the SKP1-CUL1-F-box (Slimb/βTrCP)-protein complex (SCFSlimb/βTrCP)-dependent proteolysis via the conserved SB motif in C. elegans. Furthermore, we show that co-mutating ZYG-1 SB and D-box motifs stabilizes ZYG-1 in an additive manner, suggesting that the APC/CFZR-1 and SCFSlimb/βTrCP ubiquitin ligases function cooperatively for timely ZYG-1 destruction in C. elegans embryos where ZYG-1 activity remains at threshold level to ensure normal centrosome number.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mi Hye Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA
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25
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Lambhate S, Bhattacharjee D, Jain N. APC/C CDH1 ubiquitinates IDH2 contributing to ROS increase in mitosis. Cell Signal 2021; 86:110087. [PMID: 34271087 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
NADPH is a cofactor used by reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes to block ROS produced in cells. Recently, it was shown that in cancer cells, ROS progressively increases in tune to cell cycle leading to a peak in mitosis. Loss of IDH2 is known to cause severe oxidative stress in cell and mouse models as ROS increases in mitochondria. Therefore, we hypothesized that IDH2, a major NADPH-producing enzyme in mitochondria is ubiquitinated for ROS to increase in mitosis. To test this hypothesis, in cancer cells we examined IDH2 ubiquitination in mitosis and measured the ROS produced. We found that IDH2 is ubiquitinated in mitosis and on inhibiting anaphase-promoting complex/Cyclosome (APC/C) IDH2 was stabilized. Further, we observed that overexpressing APC/C coactivator CDH1 decreased IDH2, whereas depleting CDH1 decreased IDH2 ubiquitination. To understand the link between IDH2 ubiquitination and ROS produced in mitosis, we show that overexpressing mitochondria-targeted-IDH1 decreased ROS by increasing NADPH in IDH2 ubiquitinated cells. We conclude that APC/C CDH1 ubiquitinates IDH2, a major NADPH-producing enzyme in mitochondria contributing to ROS increase in mitosis. Based on our results, we suggest that mitosis can be a therapeutic window in mutant IDH2-linked pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Lambhate
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Debanjan Bhattacharjee
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Nishant Jain
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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26
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Zhang HY, Li J, Ouyang YC, Meng TG, Zhang CH, Yue W, Sun QY, Qian WP. Cell Division Cycle 5-Like Regulates Metaphase-to-Anaphase Transition in Meiotic Oocyte. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:671685. [PMID: 34277613 PMCID: PMC8282184 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.671685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The quality of oocytes is a vital factor for embryo development. Meiotic progression through metaphase I usually takes a relatively long time to ensure correct chromosome separation, a process that is critical for determining oocyte quality. Here, we report that cell division cycle 5-like (Cdc5L) plays a critical role in regulating metaphase-to-anaphase I transition during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation. Knockdown of Cdc5L by small interfering RNA injection did not affect spindle assembly but caused metaphase I arrest and subsequent reduced first polar body extrusion due to insufficient anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome activity. We further showed that Cdc5L could also directly interact with securin, and Cdc5L knockdown led to a continuous high expression level of securin, causing severely compromised meiotic progression. The metaphase-to-anaphase I arrest caused by Cdc5L knockdown could be rescued by knockdown of endogenous securin. In summary, we reveal a novel role for Cdc5L in regulating mouse oocyte meiotic progression by interacting with securin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yong Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying-Chun Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tie-Gang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Fertility Preservation Lab, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Hui Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Yuan Sun
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Ping Qian
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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27
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Braun AL, Meghini F, Villa-Fombuena G, Guermont M, Fernandez-Martinez E, Qian Z, Dolores Martín-Bermudo M, González-Reyes A, Glover DM, Kimata Y. The careful control of Polo kinase by APC/C-Ube2C ensures the intercellular transport of germline centrosomes during Drosophila oogenesis. Open Biol 2021; 11:200371. [PMID: 34186008 PMCID: PMC8241486 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A feature of metazoan reproduction is the elimination of maternal centrosomes from the oocyte. In animals that form syncytial cysts during oogenesis, including Drosophila and human, all centrosomes within the cyst migrate to the oocyte where they are subsequently degenerated. The importance and the underlying mechanism of this event remain unclear. Here, we show that, during early Drosophila oogenesis, control of the Anaphase Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C), the ubiquitin ligase complex essential for cell cycle control, ensures proper transport of centrosomes into the oocyte through the regulation of Polo/Plk1 kinase, a critical regulator of the integrity and activity of the centrosome. We show that novel mutations in the APC/C-specific E2, Vihar/Ube2c, that affect its inhibitory regulation on APC/C cause precocious Polo degradation and impedes centrosome transport, through destabilization of centrosomes. The failure of centrosome migration correlates with weakened microtubule polarization in the cyst and allows ectopic microtubule nucleation in nurse cells, leading to the loss of oocyte identity. These results suggest a role for centrosome migration in oocyte fate maintenance through the concentration and confinement of microtubule nucleation activity into the oocyte. Considering the conserved roles of APC/C and Polo throughout the animal kingdom, our findings may be translated into other animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Leah Braun
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Francesco Meghini
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Gema Villa-Fombuena
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CSIC/Universidad Pablo de Olavide/JA, Carretera de Utrera km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Morgane Guermont
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| | | | - Zhang Qian
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Maria Dolores Martín-Bermudo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CSIC/Universidad Pablo de Olavide/JA, Carretera de Utrera km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Acaimo González-Reyes
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CSIC/Universidad Pablo de Olavide/JA, Carretera de Utrera km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Yuu Kimata
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
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28
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Badarudeen B, Anand U, Mukhopadhyay S, Manna TK. Ubiquitin signaling in the control of centriole duplication. FEBS J 2021; 289:4830-4849. [PMID: 34115927 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The centrosome plays an essential role in maintaining genetic stability, ciliogenesis and cell polarisation. The core of the centrosome is made up of two centrioles that duplicate precisely once during every cell cycle to generate two centrosomes that are required for bipolar spindle assembly and chromosome segregation. Abundance of centriole proteins at optimal levels and their recruitment to the centrosome are tightly regulated in time and space in order to restrict aberrant duplication of centrioles, a phenomenon that is observed in many cancers. Recent advances have conclusively shown that dedicated ubiquitin ligase-dependent protein degradation machineries are involved in governing centriole duplication. These studies revealed intricate mechanistic insights into how the ubiquitin ligases target different centriole proteins. In certain cases, a specific ubiquitin ligase targets a number of substrate proteins that co-regulate centriole assembly, prompting the possibility that substrate-targeting occurs during formation of the sub-centriolar structures. There are also instances where a specific centriole duplication protein is targeted by several ubiquitin ligases at different stages of the cell cycle, suggesting synchronised actions. Recent evidence also indicated a direct association of E3 ubiquitin ligase with the centrioles, supporting the notion that substrate-targeting occurs in the organelle itself. In this review, we highlight these advances by underlining the mechanisms of how different ubiquitin ligase machineries control centriole duplication and discuss our views on their coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binshad Badarudeen
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, India
| | - Ushma Anand
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, India
| | - Swarnendu Mukhopadhyay
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, India
| | - Tapas K Manna
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, India
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29
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Zhang S, Shen Y, Li H, Bi C, Sun Y, Xiong X, Wei W, Sun Y. The Negative Cross-Talk between SAG/RBX2/ROC2 and APC/C E3 Ligases in Regulation of Cell Cycle Progression and Drug Resistance. Cell Rep 2021; 32:108102. [PMID: 32905768 PMCID: PMC7505520 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is a well-characterized E3 ligase that couples with UBE2C and UBE2S E2s for substrate ubiquitylation by the K11 linkage. Our recent data show that SAG/RBX2/ROC2, a RING component of Cullin-RING E3 ligase, also complexes with these E2s for K11-linked substrate polyubiquitylation. Whether these two E3s cross-talk with each other was previously unknown. Here, we report that SAG competes with APC2 for UBE2C/UBE2S binding to act as a potential endogenous inhibitor of APC/C, thereby regulating the G2-to-M progression. As such, SAG knockdown triggers premature activation of APC/C, leading to mitotic slippage and resistance to anti-microtubule drugs. On the other hand, SAG itself is a substrate of APC/CCDH1 for targeted degradation at the G1 phase. The degradation-resistant mutant of SAG-R98A/L101A accelerates the G1-to-S progression. Our study reveals that the negative cross-talk between SAG and APC/C is likely a mechanism to ensure the fidelity of cell cycle progression. Zhang et al. provide a mechanistic insight of how negative cross-talk between E3 ligases SAG and APC/C ensures proper cell cycle progression. SAG knockdown prematurely activates APC/C to promote mitotic progression and trigger anti-microtubule drugs resistance, whereas SAG degradation by APC/CCDH1 mainly occurs in G1 phase for proper G1-to-S transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhen Zhang
- Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Yanwen Shen
- Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Hua Li
- Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, 4424B MS-1, 1301 Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Chao Bi
- Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Yilun Sun
- Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, 4424B MS-1, 1301 Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xiufang Xiong
- Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yi Sun
- Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310029, China.
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30
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Orr JN, Waugh R, Colas I. Ubiquitination in Plant Meiosis: Recent Advances and High Throughput Methods. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:667314. [PMID: 33897750 PMCID: PMC8058418 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.667314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Meiosis is a specialized cell division which is essential to sexual reproduction. The success of this highly ordered process involves the timely activation, interaction, movement, and removal of many proteins. Ubiquitination is an extraordinarily diverse post-translational modification with a regulatory role in almost all cellular processes. During meiosis, ubiquitin localizes to chromatin and the expression of genes related to ubiquitination appears to be enhanced. This may be due to extensive protein turnover mediated by proteasomal degradation. However, degradation is not the only substrate fate conferred by ubiquitination which may also mediate, for example, the activation of key transcription factors. In plant meiosis, the specific roles of several components of the ubiquitination cascade-particularly SCF complex proteins, the APC/C, and HEI10-have been partially characterized indicating diverse roles in chromosome segregation, recombination, and synapsis. Nonetheless, these components remain comparatively poorly understood to their counterparts in other processes and in other eukaryotes. In this review, we present an overview of our understanding of the role of ubiquitination in plant meiosis, highlighting recent advances, remaining challenges, and high throughput methods which may be used to overcome them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie N. Orr
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Robbie Waugh
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
- School of Agriculture and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Isabelle Colas
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
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31
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Yatskevich S, Kroonen JS, Alfieri C, Tischer T, Howes AC, Clijsters L, Yang J, Zhang Z, Yan K, Vertegaal ACO, Barford D. Molecular mechanisms of APC/C release from spindle assembly checkpoint inhibition by APC/C SUMOylation. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108929. [PMID: 33789095 PMCID: PMC8028313 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls cell cycle transitions. Its regulation by the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is coordinated with the attachment of sister chromatids to the mitotic spindle. APC/C SUMOylation on APC4 ensures timely anaphase onset and chromosome segregation. To understand the structural and functional consequences of APC/C SUMOylation, we reconstituted SUMOylated APC/C for electron cryo-microscopy and biochemical analyses. SUMOylation of the APC/C causes a substantial rearrangement of the WHB domain of APC/C's cullin subunit (APC2WHB). Although APC/CCdc20 SUMOylation results in a modest impact on normal APC/CCdc20 activity, repositioning APC2WHB reduces the affinity of APC/CCdc20 for the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC), the effector of the SAC. This attenuates MCC-mediated suppression of APC/CCdc20 activity, allowing for more efficient ubiquitination of APC/CCdc20 substrates in the presence of the MCC. Thus, SUMOylation stimulates the reactivation of APC/CCdc20 when the SAC is silenced, contributing to timely anaphase onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislau Yatskevich
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Jessie S Kroonen
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Claudio Alfieri
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Thomas Tischer
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Anna C Howes
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Linda Clijsters
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jing Yang
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Ziguo Zhang
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Kaige Yan
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Alfred C O Vertegaal
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - David Barford
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.
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32
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Zhang S, Sun Y. Mutual inactivation of two RING-finger-type E3 ubiquitin ligases during cell cycle progression. Mol Cell Oncol 2021; 8:1837582. [PMID: 33553599 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2020.1837582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
CRL and APC/C belong to the RING-finger-type E3 ligases, and both play important roles in cell cycle regulation. Recently, we found that SAG, a RING component of CRL, acts as an endogenous inhibitor of APC/C by competing with APC2 for E2s binding; while APC/CCDH1 targets SAG for ubiquitylation and degradation at G1 phase. The negative crosstalk between these two E3s ensures the orderly cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhen Zhang
- Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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33
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Song Y, Song W, Li Z, Song W, Wen Y, Li J, Xia Q, Zhang M. Corrigendum: CDC27 Promotes Tumor Progression and Affects PD-L1 Expression in T-Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma. Front Oncol 2021; 10:583698. [PMID: 33585203 PMCID: PMC7875015 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.583698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00488.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Song
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,The Academy of Medical Science of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhaoming Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenting Song
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,The Academy of Medical Science of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yibo Wen
- The Academy of Medical Science of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiwei Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingxin Xia
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
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34
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Pernicone N, Peretz L, Grinshpon S, Listovsky T. MDA-MB-157 Cell Line Presents High Levels of MAD2L2 and Dysregulated Mitosis. Anticancer Res 2020; 40:5471-5480. [PMID: 32988869 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.14558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Accurate regulation of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) and anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) are essential for the correct execution of mitosis. In this work, we focused on MAD2L2 (REV7), a central translesion (TLS) protein, which also functions as a mitotic regulator by inhibiting APC/C in prometaphase. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using bioinformatics analysis, live cell imaging and APC/C protein binding and degradation assays, we explored the influence of MAD2L2 over-expression in breast cancer. RESULTS A significant over-expression of MAD2L2 was found in triple negative breast cancers (TNBC), compared to other breast cancers, correlating to poor patient prognosis. We also identified significant over-expression of MAD2L2 in the MDA-MB-157 triple negative (TN) cell line. A high percentage of MDA-MB-157 cells failed to complete mitosis and died during mitosis or shortly after. In addition, these cells completed mitosis at a significantly slower rate than control cells. MDA-MB-157 cells present high levels of mitotic slippage upon nocodazole treatment and acute dysregulation in APC/C function and substrate degradation. Moreover, silencing of MAD2L2 in the MDA-MB-157 cell line improved mitotic phenotypes. CONCLUSION MAD2L2 over-expression supports the carcinogenic phenotype of MDA-MB-157 cells by promoting uncontrolled mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nomi Pernicone
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Limor Peretz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Shira Grinshpon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Tamar Listovsky
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel .,The Ariel Center for Applied Cancer Research (ACACR), Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.,Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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35
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Holder J, Mohammed S, Barr FA. Ordered dephosphorylation initiated by the selective proteolysis of cyclin B drives mitotic exit. eLife 2020; 9:e59885. [PMID: 32869743 PMCID: PMC7529458 DOI: 10.7554/elife.59885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
APC/C-mediated proteolysis of cyclin B and securin promotes anaphase entry, inactivating CDK1 and permitting chromosome segregation, respectively. Reduction of CDK1 activity relieves inhibition of the CDK1-counteracting phosphatases PP1 and PP2A-B55, allowing wide-spread dephosphorylation of substrates. Meanwhile, continued APC/C activity promotes proteolysis of other mitotic regulators. Together, these activities orchestrate a complex series of events during mitotic exit. However, the relative importance of regulated proteolysis and dephosphorylation in dictating the order and timing of these events remains unclear. Using high temporal-resolution proteomics, we compare the relative extent of proteolysis and protein dephosphorylation. This reveals highly-selective rapid proteolysis of cyclin B, securin and geminin at the metaphase-anaphase transition, followed by slow proteolysis of other substrates. Dephosphorylation requires APC/C-dependent destruction of cyclin B and was resolved into PP1-dependent categories with unique sequence motifs. We conclude that dephosphorylation initiated by selective proteolysis of cyclin B drives the bulk of changes observed during mitotic exit.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Holder
- Department of Biochemistry, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Shabaz Mohammed
- Department of Biochemistry, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Francis A Barr
- Department of Biochemistry, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
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36
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MacKenzie AM, Lacefield S. CDK Regulation of Meiosis: Lessons from S. cerevisiae and S. pombe. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E723. [PMID: 32610611 DOI: 10.3390/genes11070723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Meiotic progression requires precise orchestration, such that one round of DNA replication is followed by two meiotic divisions. The order and timing of meiotic events is controlled through the modulation of the phosphorylation state of proteins. Key components of this phospho-regulatory system include cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) and its cyclin regulatory subunits. Over the past two decades, studies in budding and fission yeast have greatly informed our understanding of the role of CDK in meiotic regulation. In this review, we provide an overview of how CDK controls meiotic events in both budding and fission yeast. We discuss mechanisms of CDK regulation through post-translational modifications and changes in the levels of cyclins. Finally, we highlight the similarities and differences in CDK regulation between the two yeast species. Since CDK and many meiotic regulators are highly conserved, the findings in budding and fission yeasts have revealed conserved mechanisms of meiotic regulation among eukaryotes.
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37
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Elbasani E, Gramolelli S, Günther T, Gabaev I, Grundhoff A, Ojala PM. Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Lytic Replication Is Independent of Anaphase-Promoting Complex Activity. J Virol 2020; 94:e02079-19. [PMID: 32295923 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.02079-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The anaphase-promoting complex, or cyclosome (APC/C), is a large E3 ubiquitin ligase composed of 14 subunits. The activity of APC/C oscillates during the cell cycle to ensure a timely transition through each phase by promoting the degradation of important cell cycle regulators. Of the human herpesviruses, cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) both impair the activity of APC/C during their lytic replication cycle through virus-encoded protein kinases. Here, we addressed whether the oncogenic Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) deregulates the activity of APC/C during the lytic replication cycle. To this end, we used the well-characterized iSLK.219 cell model of KSHV infection and established a new infection model of primary lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) infected with a lytically replicating KSHV BAC16 mutant. In contrast to those of EBV and HCMV, the KSHV lytic cycle occurs while the APC/C is active. Moreover, interfering with the activity of APC/C did not lead to major changes in the production of infectious virus. We further investigated whether rereplication stress induced by the unscheduled activation of the APC/C-CDH1 complex affects the number and integrity of KSHV viral episomes. Deep sequencing of the viral episomes and host chromosomes in iSLK.219 cells revealed that, while distinct regions in the cellular chromosomes were severely affected by rereplication stress, the integrity of the viral episomes remained unaltered.IMPORTANCE DNA viruses have evolved complex strategies to gain control over the cell cycle. Several of them target APC/C, a key cellular machinery that controls the timely progression of the cell cycle, by either blocking or enhancing its activity. Here, we investigated the activity of APC/C during the lytic replication cycle of KSHV and found that, in contrast to that of KSHV's close relatives EBV and HCMV, KSHV lytic replication occurs while the APC/C is active. Perturbing APC/C activity by depleting a core protein or the adaptor proteins of the catalytic domain, and hence interfering with normal cell-cycle progression, did not affect virus replication. This suggests that KSHV has evolved to replicate independently of the activity of APC/C and in various cell cycle conditions.
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38
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Douglas P, Ye R, Radhamani S, Cobban A, Jenkins NP, Bartlett E, Roveredo J, Kettenbach AN, Lees-Miller SP. Nocodazole-Induced Expression and Phosphorylation of Anillin and Other Mitotic Proteins Are Decreased in DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Catalytic Subunit-Deficient Cells and Rescued by Inhibition of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome with proTAME but Not Apcin. Mol Cell Biol 2020; 40:e00191-19. [PMID: 32284347 PMCID: PMC7296215 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00191-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) has well-established roles in DNA double-strand break repair, and recently, nonrepair functions have also been reported. To better understand its cellular functions, we deleted DNA-PKcs from HeLa and A549 cells using CRISPR/Cas9. The resulting cells were radiation sensitive, had reduced expression of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM), and exhibited multiple mitotic defects. Mechanistically, nocodazole-induced upregulation of cyclin B1, anillin, and securin was decreased in DNA-PKcs-deficient cells, as were phosphorylation of Aurora A on threonine 288, phosphorylation of Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) on threonine 210, and phosphorylation of targeting protein for Xenopus Klp2 (TPX2) on serine 121. Moreover, reduced nocodazole-induced expression of anillin, securin, and cyclin B1 and phosphorylation of PLK1, Aurora A, and TPX2 were rescued by inhibition of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) by proTAME, which prevents binding of the APC/C-activating proteins Cdc20 and Cdh1 to the APC/C. Altogether, our studies suggest that loss of DNA-PKcs prevents inactivation of the APC/C in nocodazole-treated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Douglas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Robson DNA Science Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ruiqiong Ye
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Robson DNA Science Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Suraj Radhamani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Robson DNA Science Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alexander Cobban
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Robson DNA Science Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nicole P Jenkins
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon Campus at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Edward Bartlett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Robson DNA Science Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jonathan Roveredo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Robson DNA Science Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Arminja N Kettenbach
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon Campus at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Susan P Lees-Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Robson DNA Science Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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39
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Abstract
The nucleus is enclosed by a double-membrane structure, the nuclear envelope, which separates the nucleoplasm from the cytoplasm. The outer nuclear membrane is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), whereas the inner nuclear membrane (INM) is a specialized compartment with a unique proteome. In order to ensure compartmental homeostasis, INM-associated degradation (INMAD) is required for both protein quality control and regulated proteolysis of INM proteins. INMAD shares similarities with ER-associated degradation (ERAD). The mechanism of ERAD is well characterized, whereas the INMAD pathway requires further definition. Here we review the three different branches of INMAD, mediated by their respective E3 ubiquitin ligases: Doa10, Asi1-3, and APC/C. We clarify the distinction between ERAD and INMAD, their substrate recognition signals, and the subsequent processing by their respective degradation machineries. We also discuss the significance of cell-cycle and developmental regulation of protein clearance at the INM, and its relationship to human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey Koch
- a Department of Biological Science, The Florida State University , Tallahassee , FL , USA
| | - Hong-Guo Yu
- a Department of Biological Science, The Florida State University , Tallahassee , FL , USA
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40
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Kimata Y, Leturcq M, Aradhya R. Emerging roles of metazoan cell cycle regulators as coordinators of the cell cycle and differentiation. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:2061-2083. [PMID: 32383482 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In multicellular organisms, cell proliferation must be tightly coordinated with other developmental processes to form functional tissues and organs. Despite significant advances in our understanding of how the cell cycle is controlled by conserved cell-cycle regulators (CCRs), how the cell cycle is coordinated with cell differentiation in metazoan organisms and how CCRs contribute to this process remain poorly understood. Here, we review the emerging roles of metazoan CCRs as intracellular proliferation-differentiation coordinators in multicellular organisms. We illustrate how major CCRs regulate cellular events that are required for cell fate acquisition and subsequent differentiation. To this end, CCRs employ diverse mechanisms, some of which are separable from those underpinning the conventional cell-cycle-regulatory functions of CCRs. By controlling cell-type-specific specification/differentiation processes alongside the progression of the cell cycle, CCRs enable spatiotemporal coupling between differentiation and cell proliferation in various developmental contexts in vivo. We discuss the significance and implications of this underappreciated role of metazoan CCRs for development, disease and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuu Kimata
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, China
| | - Maïté Leturcq
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, China
| | - Rajaguru Aradhya
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, Kerala, India
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41
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Abstract
In budding yeast, macroautophagy/autophagy is required for cells to enter into the meiotic divisions. Our recent publication showed that autophagy is also required for meiotic exit. Inhibition of autophagy as cells enter into the meiotic divisions results in additional rounds of spindle formation, spindle elongation, and aberrant chromosome segregation leading to cell death. Under these conditions, the meiosis II-specific cyclin Clb3 is absent, and two substrates of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) persist into the additional divisions instead of being degraded after meiosis II. We found that the translational repressor Rim4 is a substrate of autophagy, which could explain these observations through its known role in repressing synthesis of Clb3 and the meiosis-specific co-activator of the APC/C, Ama1. Combined, these results provide new mechanistic insight into the control of meiotic exit through timed autophagic degradation of a master regulator of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Autophagy Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Vladimir Denic
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Soni Lacefield
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
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42
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Song Y, Song W, Li Z, Song W, Wen Y, Li J, Xia Q, Zhang M. CDC27 Promotes Tumor Progression and Affects PD-L1 Expression in T-Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:488. [PMID: 32391258 PMCID: PMC7190811 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) is a rare hematological malignancy with highly aggressive, unique clinical manifestations, and poor prognosis. Cell division cycle 27 (CDC27) was previously reported to be a significant subunit of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome. However, the specific functions and relevant mechanisms of CDC27 in T-LBL remain unknown. Through immunohistochemistry staining, we identified that CDC27 was overexpressed in T-LBL tissues and related to tumor progression and poor survival. Functional experiments demonstrated that CDC27 promoted proliferation in vivo and in vitro. Further experiment suggested the role of CDC27 in facilitating G1/S transition and promoting the expression of Cyclin D1 and CDK4. Then the effect of CDC27 in inhibiting apoptosis was also identified. Furthermore, we found a positive correlation between the expression of CDC27 and Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) by immunohistochemistry staining. The interaction between CDC27 and PD-L1 was also proved by western blot, luciferase gene reporter assay and immunofluorescence. Taken together, our results showed that CDC27 contributes to T-LBL progression and there is a positive correlation between PD-L1 and CDC27, which offers novel perspectives for future studies on targeting CDC27 in T-LBL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Song
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,The Academy of Medical Science of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhaoming Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenting Song
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,The Academy of Medical Science of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yibo Wen
- The Academy of Medical Science of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiwei Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingxin Xia
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
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43
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Wang F, Zhang R, Feng W, Tsuchiya D, Ballew O, Li J, Denic V, Lacefield S. Autophagy of an Amyloid-like Translational Repressor Regulates Meiotic Exit. Dev Cell 2020; 52:141-151.e5. [PMID: 31991104 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We explored the potential for autophagy to regulate budding yeast meiosis. Following pre-meiotic DNA replication, we blocked autophagy by chemical inhibition of Atg1 kinase or engineered degradation of Atg14 and observed homologous chromosome segregation followed by sister chromatid separation; cells then underwent additional rounds of spindle formation and disassembly without DNA re-replication, leading to aberrant chromosome segregation. Analysis of cell-cycle regulators revealed that autophagy inhibition prevents meiosis II-specific expression of Clb3 and leads to the aberrant persistence of Clb1 and Cdc5, two substrates of a meiotic ubiquitin ligase activated by Ama1. Lastly, we found that during meiosis II, autophagy degrades Rim4, an amyloid-like translational repressor whose timed clearance regulates protein production from its mRNA targets, which include CLB3 and AMA1. Strikingly, engineered Clb3 or Ama1 production restored meiotic termination in the absence of autophagy. Thus, autophagy destroys a master regulator of meiotic gene expression to enable irreversible meiotic exit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Autophagy Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Rudian Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Autophagy Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Wenzhi Feng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Autophagy Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Dai Tsuchiya
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Olivia Ballew
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Autophagy Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Vladimir Denic
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Soni Lacefield
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
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44
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Abstract
The goal of mitosis is to form two daughter cells each containing one copy of each mother cell chromosome, replicated in the previous S phase. To achieve this, sister chromatids held together back-to-back at their primary constriction, the centromere, have to interact with microtubules of the mitotic spindle so that each chromatid takes connections with microtubules emanating from opposite spindle poles (we will refer to this condition as bipolar attachment). Only once all replicated chromosomes have reached bipolar attachments can sister chromatids lose cohesion with each other, at the onset of anaphase, and move toward opposite spindle poles, being segregated into what will soon become the daughter cell nucleus. Prevention of errors in chromosome segregation is granted by a safeguard mechanism called Spindle Assembly Checkpoint (SAC). Until all chromosomes are bipolarly oriented at the equator of the mitotic spindle, the SAC prevents loss of sister chromatid cohesion, thus anaphase onset, and maintains the mitotic state by inhibiting inactivation of the major M phase promoting kinase, the cyclin B-cdk1 complex (Cdk1). Here, we review recent mechanistic insights about the circuitry that links Cdk1 to the SAC to ensure correct achievement of the goal of mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Flavia Serpico
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, 80145, Italy.,DMMBM, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Domenico Grieco
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, 80145, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80131, Italy
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45
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Fujimitsu K, Yamano H. PP2A-B56 binds to Apc1 and promotes Cdc20 association with the APC/C ubiquitin ligase in mitosis. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e48503. [PMID: 31825153 PMCID: PMC6945068 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle progression and genome stability are regulated by a ubiquitin ligase, the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C). Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) has long been implicated in APC/C activation; however, the molecular mechanisms of governing this process in vivo are largely unknown. Recently, a Cdk1-dependent phosphorylation relay within Apc3-Apc1 subunits has been shown to alleviate Apc1-mediated auto-inhibition by which a mitotic APC/C co-activator Cdc20 binds to and activates the APC/C. However, the underlying mechanism for dephosphorylation of Cdc20 and APC/C remains elusive. Here, we show that a disordered loop domain of Apc1 (Apc1-loop500 ) directly binds the B56 regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and stimulates Cdc20 loading to the APC/C. Using the APC/C reconstitution system in Xenopus egg extracts, we demonstrate that mutations in Apc1-loop500 that abolish B56 binding decrease Cdc20 loading and APC/C-dependent ubiquitylation. Conversely, a non-phosphorylatable mutant Cdc20 can efficiently bind the APC/C even when PP2A-B56 binding is impeded. Furthermore, PP2A-B56 preferentially dephosphorylates Cdc20 over the Apc1 inhibitory domain. These results indicate that Apc1-loop500 plays a role in dephosphorylating Cdc20, promoting APC/C-Cdc20 complex formation in mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Fujimitsu
- Cell Cycle Control GroupUCL Cancer InstituteUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Hiroyuki Yamano
- Cell Cycle Control GroupUCL Cancer InstituteUniversity College LondonLondonUK
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46
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Bansal S, Tiwari S. Mechanisms for the temporal regulation of substrate ubiquitination by the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome. Cell Div 2019; 14:14. [PMID: 31889987 PMCID: PMC6927175 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-019-0057-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is a multi-subunit, multifunctional ubiquitin ligase that controls the temporal degradation of numerous cell cycle regulatory proteins to direct the unidirectional cell cycle phases. Several different mechanisms contribute to ensure the correct order of substrate modification by the APC/C complex. Recent advances in biochemical, biophysical and structural studies of APC/C have provided a deep mechanistic insight into the working of this complex ubiquitin ligase. This complex displays remarkable conformational flexibility in response to various binding partners and post-translational modifications, which together regulate substrate selection and catalysis of APC/C. Apart from this, various features and modifications of the substrates also influence their recognition and affinity to APC/C complex. Ultimately, temporal degradation of substrates depends on the kind of ubiquitin modification received, the processivity of APC/C, and other extrinsic mechanisms. This review discusses our current understanding of various intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms responsible for ‘substrate ordering’ by the APC/C complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivangee Bansal
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Swati Tiwari
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
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47
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Wild T, Budzowska M, Hellmuth S, Eibes S, Karemore G, Barisic M, Stemmann O, Choudhary C. Deletion of APC7 or APC16 Allows Proliferation of Human Cells without the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint. Cell Rep 2019; 25:2317-2328.e5. [PMID: 30485802 PMCID: PMC6289045 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.10.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The multisubunit ubiquitin ligase APC/C (anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome) is essential for mitosis by promoting timely degradation of cyclin B1. APC/C is tightly regulated by the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), which involves MPS1 and MAD2-dependent temporal inhibition of APC/C. We analyzed the contribution of the APC/C subunits APC7 and APC16 to APC/C composition and function in human cells. APC16 is required for APC7 assembly into APC/C, whereas APC16 assembles independently of APC7. APC7 and APC16 knockout cells display no major defects in mitotic progression, cyclin B1 degradation, or SAC response, but APC/C lacking these two subunits shows reduced ubiquitylation activity in vitro. Strikingly, deletion of APC7 or APC16 is sufficient to provide synthetic viability to MAD2 deletion. ΔAPC7ΔMAD2 cells display accelerated mitosis and require SAC-independent MPS1 function for genome stability. These findings reveal that the composition of APC/C critically influences the importance of the SAC in humans. APC16 is required for in vivo assembly of APC7 into APC/C APC7 or APC16 deletion has no major effect on mitosis Deletion of APC7 or APC16 provides synthetic viability to MAD2 deletion
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wild
- Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Magda Budzowska
- Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Chromosome Stability (CCS), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne Hellmuth
- Chair of Genetics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Susana Eibes
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Cell Division Laboratory, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gopal Karemore
- Protein Imaging Platform, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marin Barisic
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Cell Division Laboratory, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Olaf Stemmann
- Chair of Genetics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Chunaram Choudhary
- Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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48
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Melloy PG. The anaphase-promoting complex: A key mitotic regulator associated with somatic mutations occurring in cancer. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2019; 59:189-202. [PMID: 31652364 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that helps control chromosome separation and exit from mitosis in many different kinds of organisms, including yeast, flies, worms, and humans. This review represents a new perspective on the connection between APC/C subunit mutations and cancer. The complex nature of APC/C and limited mutation analysis of its subunits has made it difficult to determine the relationship of each subunit to cancer. In this work, cancer genomic data were examined to identify APC/C subunits with a greater than 5% alteration frequency in 11 representative cancers using the cBioPortal database. Using the Genetic Determinants of Cancer Patient Survival database, APC/C subunits were also studied and found to be significantly associated with poor patient prognosis in several cases. In comparing these two kinds of cancer genomics data to published large-scale genomic analyses looking for cancer driver genes, ANAPC1 and ANAPC3/CDC27 stood out as being represented in all three types of analyses. Seven other subunits were found to be associated both with >5% alteration frequency in certain cancers and being associated with an effect on cancer patient prognosis. The aim of this review is to provide new approaches for investigators conducting in vivo studies of APC/C subunits and cancer progression. In turn, a better understanding of these APC/C subunits and their role in different cancers will help scientists design drugs that are more precisely targeted to certain cancers, using APC/C mutation status as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia G Melloy
- Department of Biological and Allied Health Sciences, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Madison, New Jersey
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49
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Lara-Gonzalez P, Moyle MW, Budrewicz J, Mendoza-Lopez J, Oegema K, Desai A. The G2-to-M Transition Is Ensured by a Dual Mechanism that Protects Cyclin B from Degradation by Cdc20-Activated APC/C. Dev Cell 2019; 51:313-325.e10. [PMID: 31588029 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In the eukaryotic cell cycle, a threshold level of cyclin B accumulation triggers the G2-to-M transition, and subsequent cyclin B destruction triggers mitotic exit. The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is the E3 ubiquitin ligase that, together with its co-activator Cdc20, targets cyclin B for destruction during mitotic exit. Here, we show that two pathways act in concert to protect cyclin B from Cdc20-activated APC/C in G2, in order to enable cyclin B accumulation and the G2-to-M transition. The first pathway involves the Mad1-Mad2 spindle checkpoint complex, acting in a distinct manner from checkpoint signaling after mitotic entry but employing a common molecular mechanism-the promotion of Mad2-Cdc20 complex formation. The second pathway involves cyclin-dependent kinase phosphorylation of Cdc20, which is known to reduce Cdc20's affinity for the APC/C. Cooperation of these two mechanisms, which target distinct APC/C binding interfaces of Cdc20, enables cyclin B accumulation and the G2-to-M transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Lara-Gonzalez
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Mark W Moyle
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jacqueline Budrewicz
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jose Mendoza-Lopez
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Karen Oegema
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Arshad Desai
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, San Diego Branch, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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50
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Xu R, Xu J, Wang L, Niu B, Copenhaver GP, Ma H, Zheng B, Wang Y. The Arabidopsis anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome subunit 8 is required for male meiosis. New Phytol 2019; 224:229-241. [PMID: 31230348 PMCID: PMC6771777 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Faithful chromosome segregation is required for both mitotic and meiotic cell divisions and is regulated by multiple mechanisms including the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), which is the largest known E3 ubiquitin-ligase complex and has been implicated in regulating chromosome segregation in both mitosis and meiosis in animals. However, the role of the APC/C during plant meiosis remains largely unknown. Here, we show that Arabidopsis APC8 is required for male meiosis. We used a combination of genetic analyses, cytology and immunolocalisation to define the function of AtAPC8 in male meiosis. Meiocytes from apc8-1 plants exhibit several meiotic defects including improper alignment of bivalents at metaphase I, unequal chromosome segregation during anaphase II, and subsequent formation of polyads. Immunolocalisation using an antitubulin antibody showed that APC8 is required for normal spindle morphology. We also observed mitotic defects in apc8-1, including abnormal sister chromatid segregation and microtubule morphology. Our results demonstrate that Arabidopsis APC/C is required for meiotic chromosome segregation and that APC/C-mediated regulation of meiotic chromosome segregation is a conserved mechanism among eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong‐Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological EngineeringInstitute of Plant BiologySchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200438China
- Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research CenterChinese Academy of SciencesChenshan Botanical GardenShanghai201602China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological EngineeringInstitute of Plant BiologySchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200438China
| | - Liudan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological EngineeringInstitute of Plant BiologySchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200438China
| | - Baixiao Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological EngineeringInstitute of Plant BiologySchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200438China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of EducationJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China
| | - Gregory P. Copenhaver
- Department of Biology and the Integrative Program for Biological and Genome SciencesUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC27599‐3280USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of North Carolina School of MedicineChapel HillNC27599‐3280USA
| | - Hong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological EngineeringInstitute of Plant BiologySchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200438China
- Center for Evolutionary BiologyInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Binglian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological EngineeringInstitute of Plant BiologySchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200438China
| | - Yingxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological EngineeringInstitute of Plant BiologySchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200438China
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