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Núñez Casal A. Race and indigeneity in human microbiome science: microbiomisation and the historiality of otherness. Hist Philos Life Sci 2024; 46:17. [PMID: 38565750 PMCID: PMC10987353 DOI: 10.1007/s40656-024-00614-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
This article reformulates Stephan Helmreich´s the ¨microbiomisation of race¨ as the historiality of otherness in the foundations of human microbiome science. Through the lens of my ethnographic fieldwork of a transnational community of microbiome scientists that conducted a landmark human microbiome research on indigenous microbes and its affiliated and first personalised microbiome initiative, the American Gut Project, I follow and trace the key actors, experimental systems and onto-epistemic claims in the emergence of human microbiome science a decade ago. In doing so, I show the links between the reinscription of race, comparative research on the microbial genetic variation of human populations and the remining of bioprospected data for personalised medicine. In these unpredictable research movements, the microbiome of non-Western peoples and territories is much more than a side project or a specific approach within the field: it constitutes the nucleus of its experimental system, opening towards subsequent and cumulative research processes and knowledge production in human microbiome science. The article demonstrates that while human microbiome science is articulated upon the microbial 'makeup' of non-wester(nised) communities, societies, and locales, its results and therapeutics are only applicable to medical conditions affecting rich nations (i.e., inflammatory, autoimmune, and metabolic diseases). My reformulation of ¨microbiomisation of race¨ as the condition of possibility of human microbiome science reveals that its individual dimension is sustained by microbial DNA data from human populations through bioprospecting practices and gains meaning through personalised medicine initiatives, informal online networks of pseudoscientific and commodified microbial-related evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Núñez Casal
- Department of Philosophy and Anthropology, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Department of Science, Technology, and Society, Institute of Philosophy, Spanish National Research Council (IFS-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
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Negri S, Pietrolucci F, Andreatta S, Chinyere Njoku R, Antunes Silva Nogueira Ramos C, Crimi M, Commisso M, Guzzo F, Avesani L. Bioprospecting of Artemisia genus: from artemisinin to other potentially bioactive compounds. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4791. [PMID: 38413638 PMCID: PMC10899597 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55128-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Species from genus Artemisia are widely distributed throughout temperate regions of the northern hemisphere and many cultures have a long-standing traditional use of these plants as herbal remedies, liquors, cosmetics, spices, etc. Nowadays, the discovery of new plant-derived products to be used as food supplements or drugs has been pushed by the exploitation of bioprospection approaches. Often driven by the knowledge derived from the ethnobotanical use of plants, bioprospection explores the existing biodiversity through integration of modern omics techniques with targeted bioactivity assays. In this work we set up a bioprospection plan to investigate the phytochemical diversity and the potential bioactivity of five Artemisia species with recognized ethnobotanical tradition (A. absinthium, A. alba, A. annua, A. verlotiorum and A. vulgaris), growing wild in the natural areas of the Verona province. We characterized the specialized metabolomes of the species (including sesquiterpenoids from the artemisinin biosynthesis pathway) through an LC-MS based untargeted approach and, in order to identify potential bioactive metabolites, we correlated their composition with the in vitro antioxidant activity. We propose as potential bioactive compounds several isomers of caffeoyl and feruloyl quinic acid esters (e.g. dicaffeoylquinic acids, feruloylquinic acids and caffeoylferuloylquinic acids), which strongly characterize the most antioxidant species A. verlotiorum and A. annua. Morevoer, in this study we report for the first time the occurrence of sesquiterpenoids from the artemisinin biosynthesis pathway in the species A. alba.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Negri
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 15, Strada Le Grazie, 37134, Verona, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabio Pietrolucci
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 15, Strada Le Grazie, 37134, Verona, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Ruth Chinyere Njoku
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 15, Strada Le Grazie, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Crimi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 15, Strada Le Grazie, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Mauro Commisso
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 15, Strada Le Grazie, 37134, Verona, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133, Palermo, Italy
| | - Flavia Guzzo
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 15, Strada Le Grazie, 37134, Verona, Italy.
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Linda Avesani
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 15, Strada Le Grazie, 37134, Verona, Italy.
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133, Palermo, Italy.
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Kaale SE, Machangu RS, Lyimo TJ. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic diversity of actinomycetota species isolated from Lake Natron sediments at Arusha, Tanzania. Microbiol Res 2024; 278:127543. [PMID: 37950928 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Soda lakes are naturally occurring ecosystems characterized by extreme environmental conditions especially high pH and salinity levels but harboring valuable microbial communities with medical and biotechnological potentials. Lake Natron is one of the soda lakes situated in eastern branch of the East African Gregory Rift valley, Tanzania. In this study, the taxonomy and phylogenetic diversity of Actinomycetota species were explored in Lake Natron using molecular techniques. The sequencing of their 16S rRNA gene resulted into 13 genera of phylum Actinomycetota namely Streptomyces, Microbacterium, Nocardiopsis, Gordonia, Dietzia, Micromonospora, Microcella, Pseudarthrobacter, Nocardioides, Actinotalea, Cellulomonas, Isoptericola, and Glutamicibacter. We describe for the first time, the isolation of Streptomyces lasalocidi, S. harbinensis, S. anthocyanicus, Microbacterium aureliae, Pseudarthrobacter sp., Nocardioides sp. and Glutamicibacter mishrai from soda lake habitats. It also reports for the first time, the isolation of Gordonia spp., Microcella sp. and Actinotalea sp. from an East African Soda Lake as well as isolation of S. pseudogriseolus, S. calidiresistens and Micromonospora spp. from a Tanzania soda lake. Furthermore, two putative novel species of the phylum Actinomycetota were identified. Given that Actinomycetota are known potential sources of important biotechnological compounds, we recommend the broadening of the scope of bioprospection in future to include the novel species from Lake Natron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadikiel E Kaale
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Francis University College of Health and Allied Sciences, Ifakara-Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Robert S Machangu
- Department of Microbiology, Saint Francis University College of Health and Allied Sciences, Ifakara-Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Thomas J Lyimo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
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Fenibo EO, Selvarajan R, Wang H, Wang Y, Abia ALK. Untapped talents: insight into the ecological significance of methanotrophs and its prospects. Sci Total Environ 2023; 903:166145. [PMID: 37579801 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The deep ocean is a rich reservoir of unique organisms with great potential for bioprospecting, ecosystem services, and the discovery of novel materials. These organisms thrive in harsh environments characterized by high hydrostatic pressure, low temperature, and limited nutrients. Hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, prominent features of the deep ocean, provide a habitat for microorganisms involved in the production and filtration of methane, a potent greenhouse gas. Methanotrophs, comprising archaea and bacteria, play a crucial role in these processes. This review examines the intricate relationship between the roles, responses, and niche specialization of methanotrophs in the deep ocean ecosystem. Our findings reveal that different types of methanotrophs dominate specific zones depending on prevailing conditions. Type I methanotrophs thrive in oxygen-rich zones, while Type II methanotrophs display adaptability to diverse conditions. Verrumicrobiota and NC10 flourish in hypoxic and extreme environments. In addition to their essential role in methane regulation, methanotrophs contribute to various ecosystem functions. They participate in the degradation of foreign compounds and play a crucial role in cycling biogeochemical elements like metals, sulfur, and nitrogen. Methanotrophs also serve as a significant energy source for the oceanic food chain and drive chemosynthesis in the deep ocean. Moreover, their presence offers promising prospects for biotechnological applications, including the production of valuable compounds such as polyhydroxyalkanoates, methanobactin, exopolysaccharides, ecotines, methanol, putrescine, and biofuels. In conclusion, this review highlights the multifaceted roles of methanotrophs in the deep ocean ecosystem, underscoring their ecological significance and their potential for advancements in biotechnology. A comprehensive understanding of their niche specialization and responses will contribute to harnessing their full potential in various domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Oliver Fenibo
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence, Centre for Oilfield Chemical Research, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt 500272, Nigeria
| | - Ramganesh Selvarajan
- Laboratory of Extraterrestrial Ocean Systems (LEOS), Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering (IDSSE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Sanya, China; Department of Environmental Science, University of South Africa, Florida Campus, 1710, South Africa
| | - Huiqi Wang
- Laboratory of Extraterrestrial Ocean Systems (LEOS), Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering (IDSSE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Sanya, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Laboratory of Extraterrestrial Ocean Systems (LEOS), Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering (IDSSE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Sanya, China
| | - Akebe Luther King Abia
- Environmental Research Foundation, Westville 3630, South Africa; Antimicrobial Research Unit, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
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Afonso Kessler de Andrade G, de Vargas MVM, Goulart SNB, Bernardes BM, Bezerra JDP, Lemos RPM, de Carvalho Victoria F, de Albuquerque MP. Screening of endophytic fungi from Antarctic mosses: Potential production for L-asparaginase free of glutaminase and urease activity. J Biotechnol 2023; 377:1-12. [PMID: 37806388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Studies involving endophytic fungi aim to identify organisms inhabiting extreme and relatively unexplored environments, as these fungi possess unique characteristics and uncommon biochemical pathways that enable them to produce compounds with biotechnological potential. Among various enzymes, L-Asparaginase is employed in the treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. In this study, we identified endophytic fungi from Sanionia uncinata and Polytrichastrum alpinum collected on King George Island in Antarctica. The fungi were categorized into morphological groups based on their characteristics, molecularly identified, and assessed for L-Asparaginase (L-ASNase) enzyme production. Subsequently, production optimization was conducted. A total of 161 endophytes were isolated from 504 moss gametophytes, with 107 originating from P. alpinum and 54 from S. uncinata. These isolates were categorized into 31 morphotypes. Fungi exhibiting high enzyme production were identified molecularly. Among them, nine identified isolates belonged to the genera Aspergillus, Collariella, Diaporthe, Epicoccum, Peroneutypa, Xylaria, and Trametes. Three of these isolates were identified at the species level through multigene phylogeny, namely Epicoccum nigrum, Collariella virescens, and Peroneutypa scoparia. All 31 fungi were subjected to solid media testing for L-ASNase enzyme production, with 22 isolates demonstrating production capability, and 13 of them produced L-ASNase free from Urease and Glutaminase. The isolates displaying solid media production underwent further testing in liquid media, all of which exhibited enzyme production ranging from 0.75 to 1.29 U g-1. Notably, the three fungi identified at the species level were the highest producers of the enzyme (1.29, 1.17, and 1.13 U g-1). The production of these fungi was optimized using the Taguchi method, resulting in production values ranging from 0.687 to 2.461 U g-1. In conclusion, our findings indicate that Antarctic moss endophytic fungi exhibit significant potential for the production of the anti-leukemic enzyme L-ASNase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Afonso Kessler de Andrade
- Núcleo de Estudos da Vegetação Antártica, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Rua Aluízio Barros Macedo, s/n. BR 290 - Km 423, São Gabriel, RS 97300-930, Brazil
| | - Maria Victória Magalhães de Vargas
- Núcleo de Estudos da Vegetação Antártica, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Rua Aluízio Barros Macedo, s/n. BR 290 - Km 423, São Gabriel, RS 97300-930, Brazil
| | - Sara Navarrete Bohi Goulart
- EcoHealth Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, 2500 Broadway, Lubbock, TX 79409, United States
| | - Bruna Mota Bernardes
- Núcleo de Estudos da Vegetação Antártica, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Rua Aluízio Barros Macedo, s/n. BR 290 - Km 423, São Gabriel, RS 97300-930, Brazil
| | - Jadson D P Bezerra
- Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74605-050, Brazil
| | - Rafael Plá Matielo Lemos
- Núcleo de Estudos da Vegetação Antártica, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Rua Aluízio Barros Macedo, s/n. BR 290 - Km 423, São Gabriel, RS 97300-930, Brazil
| | - Filipe de Carvalho Victoria
- Núcleo de Estudos da Vegetação Antártica, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Rua Aluízio Barros Macedo, s/n. BR 290 - Km 423, São Gabriel, RS 97300-930, Brazil.
| | - Margéli Pereira de Albuquerque
- Núcleo de Estudos da Vegetação Antártica, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Rua Aluízio Barros Macedo, s/n. BR 290 - Km 423, São Gabriel, RS 97300-930, Brazil; Programa Antártico Brasileiro-PROANTAR, Esplanada dos Ministérios, Brasília 70055-900, Brazil
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Krucoń T, Ruszkowska Z, Pilecka W, Szych A, Drewniak Ł. Bioprospecting of the Antarctic Bacillus subtilis strain for potential application in leaching hydrocarbons and trace elements from contaminated environments based on functional and genomic analysis. Environ Res 2023; 227:115785. [PMID: 36997039 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The production of secondary metabolites including biosurfactants by the Bacillus subtilis ANT_WA51 and the evaluation of its ability to leach metals and petroleum derivatives from the soil, using post-culture medium was investigated. The ANT_WA51 strain isolated from a pristine, harsh Antarctic environment produces the biosurfactants surfactin and fengycin, which reduce the surface tension of molasses-based post-culture medium to 26.6 mN m-1 at a critical micellization concentration (CMC) of 50 mg L-1 and a critical micelle dilution (CMD) of 1:19. The presence of biosurfactants and other secondary metabolites in the post-culture medium contributed to significant removal of xenobiotics from contaminated soils in the batch washing experiment - 70% hydrocarbons and 10-23% metals (Zn, Ni and Cu). The isolate's tolerance to different abiotic stresses, including freezing, freeze-thaw cycles, salinity (up to 10%), the presence of metals - Cr(VI), Pb(II), Mn(II), As(V) (up to 10 mM) and Mo(VI) (above 500 mM) and petroleum hydrocarbons (up to 20.000 mg kg-1) as well as the confirmed metabolic activity of these bacteria in toxic environments in the OxiTop® system indicate that they can be used directly in bioremediation. Comparative genomic analysis of this bacteria revealed a high similarity of its genome to the associated plant strains from America and Europe indicating the wide applicability of plant growth-promoting Bacillus subtilis and that the data can be extrapolated to a wide range of environmental strains. An important aspect of the study was to present the absence of inherent features which would indicate its clear pathogenicity enables its safe use in the environment. Based on the obtained results, we also conclude that the use of post-culture medium, obtained on low-cost byproducts like molasses, for leaching contaminants, especially hydrocarbons, is a promising bioremediation method that can be a replacement for the use of synthetic surfactants and provides a base for further large-scale research but the selection of an appropriate leaching may be dependent on the concentration of contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Krucoń
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Ruszkowska
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Weronika Pilecka
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Szych
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Drewniak
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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Irazoqui JM, Eberhardt MF, Santiago GM, Amadio AF. Characterization of novel proteases identified by metagenomic analysis from dairy stabilization ponds. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12591-4. [PMID: 37231159 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12591-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cheese whey is the main by-product of dairy industries. It is used as a raw material for other value-added products, like whey protein concentrate. By using enzymes, this product can be further treated to obtain new higher value products, like whey protein hydrolysates. Proteases (EC: 3.4) represent a large segment of industrial enzymes, since they are used in several industries, including food. In this work, we describe three novel enzymes identified using a metagenomic approach. Metagenomic DNA from dairy industry stabilization ponds were sequenced, and the predicted genes were compared against the MEROPS database, focusing on families commercially used to produce whey protein hydrolysates. From a total of 849 candidates, 10 were selected for cloning and expression and three showed activities with both the chromogenic substrate, azocasein, and whey proteins. Particularly, Pr05, an enzyme from the yet uncultured phylum Patescibacteria, showed activity that is comparable to a commercial protease. All these novel enzymes could represent an alternative for dairy industries to produce value-added products from industrial by-products. KEY POINTS: • Over 19,000 proteases were predicted in a sequence-based metagenomic analysis. • Three proteases were successfully expressed and showed activity with whey proteins. • The enzyme Pr05 showed hydrolysis profiles of interest for food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Matías Irazoqui
- Instituto de Investigación de La Cadena Láctea (CONICET-INTA), 2300, Rafaela, Argentina
| | | | | | - Ariel Fernando Amadio
- Instituto de Investigación de La Cadena Láctea (CONICET-INTA), 2300, Rafaela, Argentina
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Senra MVX. In silico characterization of cysteine-stabilized αβ defensins from neglected unicellular microeukaryotes. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:82. [PMID: 36966312 PMCID: PMC10040121 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02817-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of multi-resistant pathogens have increased dramatically in recent years, becoming a major public-health concern. Among other promising antimicrobial molecules with potential to assist in this worldwide struggle, cysteine-stabilized αβ (CS-αβ) defensins are attracting attention due their efficacy, stability, and broad spectrum against viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protists, including many known human pathogens. RESULTS Here, 23 genomes of ciliated protists were screened and two CS-αβ defensins with a likely antifungal activity were identified and characterized, using bioinformatics, from a culturable freshwater species, Laurentiella sp. (LsAMP-1 and LsAMP-2). Although any potential cellular ligand could be predicted for LsAMP-2; evidences from structural, molecular dynamics, and docking analyses suggest that LsAMP-1 may form stably associations with phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphates (PIP2), a phospholipid found on many eukaryotic cells, which could, in turn, represent an anchorage mechanism within plasma membrane of targeted cells. CONCLUSION These data stress that more biotechnology-oriented studies should be conducted on neglected protists, such ciliates, which could become valuable sources of novel bioactive molecules for therapeutic uses.
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Gritti MA, González KY, Tavares FL, Teibler GP, Peichoto ME. Exploring the antibacterial potential of venoms from Argentinian animals. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:121. [PMID: 36934358 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03465-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
The resistance to antimicrobials developed by several bacterial species has become one of the main health problems in recent decades. It has been widely reported that natural products are important sources of antimicrobial compounds. Considering that animal venoms are under-explored in this line of research, in this study, we screened the antibacterial activity of venoms of eight snake and five lepidopteran species from northeastern Argentina. Twofold serial dilutions of venoms were tested by the agar well-diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination against seven bacterial strains. We studied the comparative protein profile of the venoms showing antibacterial activity. Only the viperid and elapid venoms showed remarkable dose-dependent antibacterial activity towards most of the strains tested. Bothrops diporus venom showed the lowest MIC values against all the strains, and S. aureus ATCC 25923 was the most sensitive strain for all the active venoms. Micrurus baliocoryphus venom was unable to inhibit the growth of Enterococcus faecalis. Neither colubrid snake nor lepidopteran venoms exhibited activity on any bacterial strain tested. The snake venoms exhibiting antibacterial activity showed distinctive protein profiles by SDS-PAGE, highlighting that we could reveal for the first time the main protein families which may be thought to contribute to the antibacterial activity of M. baliocoryphus venom. This study paves the way to search for new antibacterial agents from Argentinian snake venoms, which may be a further opportunity to give an added value to the local biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela A Gritti
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical (INMeT)-ANLIS "Dr. Carlos G Malbrán", Almafuerte y Ambar s/n, 3370, Puerto Iguazú, Argentina
| | - Karen Y González
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Sargento Cabral 2139, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Flavio L Tavares
- Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), Av. Tarquínio Joslin dos Santos, nº. 1.000, Jd. Universitário, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, CEP 85870-901, Brazil
| | - Gladys P Teibler
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (FCV), Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE), Sargento Cabral 2139, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - María E Peichoto
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical (INMeT)-ANLIS "Dr. Carlos G Malbrán", Almafuerte y Ambar s/n, 3370, Puerto Iguazú, Argentina.
- Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), Av. Tarquínio Joslin dos Santos, nº. 1.000, Jd. Universitário, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, CEP 85870-901, Brazil.
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Abdelaziz AA, Kamer AMA, Al-Monofy KB, Al-Madboly LA. A purified and lyophilized Pseudomonas aeruginosa derived pyocyanin induces promising apoptotic and necrotic activities against MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:262. [PMID: 36528623 PMCID: PMC9759863 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01988-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyocyanin, a specific extracellular secondary metabolite pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, exhibits redox activity and has toxic effects on mammalian cells, making it a new and potent alternative for treating cancer. Breast cancer (BC) treatment is now defied by acquired and de novo resistance to chemotherapy, radiation, or targeted therapies. Therefore, the anticancer activity of purified and characterized pyocyanin was examined against BC in our study. RESULTS The maximum production of pyocyanin (53 µg/ml) was achieved by incubation of the highest pyocyanin-producing P. aeruginosa strain (P32) in pH-adjusted peptone water supplemented with 3% cetrimide under shaking conditions at 37 °C for 3 days. The high purity of the extracted pyocyanin was proven by HPLC against standard pyocyanin. The stability of pyocyanin was affected by the solvent in which it was stored. Therefore, the purified pyocyanin extract was lyophilized to increase its shelf-life up to one year. Using the MTT assay, we reported, for the first time, the cytotoxic effect of pyocyanin against human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) with IC50 = 15 μg/ml while it recorded a safe concentration against human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The anticancer potential of pyocyanin against MCF-7 was associated with its apoptotic and necrotic activities which were confirmed qualitatively and quantitively using confocal laser scanning microscopy, inverted microscopy, and flow cytometry. Caspase-3 measurements, using real-time PCR and western blot, revealed that pyocyanin exerted its apoptotic activity against MCF-7 through caspase-3 activation. CONCLUSION Our work demonstrated that pyocyanin may be an ideal anticancer candidate, specific to cancer cells, for treating MCF-7 by its necrotic and caspase-3-dependent apoptotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A. Abdelaziz
- grid.412258.80000 0000 9477 7793Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Amal M. Abo Kamer
- grid.412258.80000 0000 9477 7793Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Khaled B. Al-Monofy
- grid.412258.80000 0000 9477 7793Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Lamiaa A. Al-Madboly
- grid.412258.80000 0000 9477 7793Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Sharma PK, Singh A, Sharma NK. A socio-ecological critique on India's local health traditions amidst rising incidence of global pandemics. J Herb Med 2022; 34:100578. [PMID: 35722654 DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2022.100578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 crisis has exposed inadequacy to deal with such health emergencies. The state of healthcare facilities in India is shambolic, which is further exacerbated by the exclusivity of modern health systems. The authors argue for vertical and horizontal expansion of the existing system to include traditional medicine systems, in favor of an urgently needed holistic and more inclusive healthcare system. Methods Secondary data were collected from free online resources, including preprints, reprints and databases, J-gate Plus, PubMed and Web of Science, using keywords such as, “folk medicine”, “folk medicine AND India”, “traditional Indian medicines”, “indigenous Indian medicines AND India”, “Indian ethnomedicines”, “Indian AND folk AND medicine”, “indigenous Indian medicine”. Results and conclusions Insufficiently robust public healthcare infrastructure, lack of enough qualified health professionals, and poor use of its traditional medicinal systems, are limiting the access of basic healthcare facilities to a large section of the Indian population. Despite vehement opposition and criticism from modern health system practitioners, indigenous and local healing traditions do offer benefits and share a common global goal of health and healing. The objectives of Universal Health Coverage and Health for All as enshrined in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) cannot be achieved without their involvement, especially in remote and economically disadvantaged regions of the country. Even a sub-optimal utilization of its biological and human resources and related traditional knowledge can not only profoundly change the health, but also the economic landscape of India. Here, we have nuanced the constrains posed by the emerging health challenges, status and prospects of the great and little traditions of the Indian System of Medicines in fulfilling the urgent healthcare needs of the country. The authors based their arguments on the available evidence, rather than emotive ideas or, as a fan of Indian traditional medicines, and suggest for the purposeful inclusion of traditional health systems and practitioners more actively in India’s health care delivery systems. The country must not squander the opportunities offered by its traditional medicinal systems.
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Kallscheuer N, Jogler C. The bacterial phylum Planctomycetes as novel source for bioactive small molecules. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 53:107818. [PMID: 34537319 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Extensive knowledge and methodological expertise on the bacterial cell biology have been accumulated over the last decades and bacterial cells have now become an integral part of several (bio-)technological processes. While it appears reasonable to focus on a relatively small number of fast-growing and genetically easily manipulable model bacteria as biotechnological workhorses, the for the most part untapped diversity of bacteria needs to be explored when it comes to bioprospecting for natural product discovery. Members of the underexplored and evolutionarily deep-branching phylum Planctomycetes have only recently gained increased attention with respect to the production of small molecules with biomedical activities, e.g. as a natural source of novel antibiotics. Next-generation sequencing and metagenomics can provide access to the genomes of uncultivated bacteria from sparsely studied phyla, this, however, should be regarded as an addition rather than a substitute for classical strain isolation approaches. Ten years ago, a large sampling campaign was initiated to isolate planctomycetes from their varied natural habitats and protocols were developed to address complications during cultivation of representative species in the laboratory. The characterisation of approximately 90 novel strains by several research groups in the recent years opened a detailed in silico look into the coding potential of individual members of this phylum. Here, we review the current state of planctomycetal research, focusing on diversity, small molecule production and potential future applications. Although the field developed promising, the time frame of 10 years illustrates that the study of additional promising bacterial phyla as sources for novel small molecules needs to start rather today than tomorrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai Kallscheuer
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-1): Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany; Department of Microbial Interactions, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Jogler
- Department of Microbial Interactions, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
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13
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Bueno TC, Collaço RDC, Cardoso BA, Bredariol RF, Escobar ML, Cajado IB, Gracia M, Antunes E, Zambelli VO, Picolo G, Cury Y, Morandini AC, Marques AC, Sciani JM, Rocha T. Neurotoxicity of Olindias sambaquiensis and Chiropsalmus quadrumanus extracts in sympathetic nervous system. Toxicon 2021; 199:127-138. [PMID: 34139257 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cnidarians are equipped with nematocysts, which are specialized organelles used to inoculate venom during prey capturing and defense. Their venoms are rich in toxins and a potential source of bioactive compounds, however, poorly explored so far. In this work, the activity of the methanolic extracts from the hydromedusa Olindias sambaquiensis and the cubozoan jellyfish Chiropsalmus quadrumanus were studied in sympathetic neurotransmission. For that, bisected rat vas deferens - a classic model of sympathetic neurotransmission - were incubated with the extracts for further myographic and histopathological analysis. The O. sambaquiensis extract, at 0.1 μg/mL, facilitated the neurogenic contractions of the noradrenergic-rich epididymal portion, while reducing the noradrenaline (NA) potency, which suggests an interaction with postsynaptic α1-adrenoceptors. On the other hand, a higher concentration (1 μg/mL) leads to time- and frequency-dependent blockade of nerve-evoked contractions without significantly changing the response to exogenous NA. In turn, the C. quadrumanus extract at 0.1 μg/mL induced blockade of nerve-evoked noradrenergic contractions while reducing the potency to exogenous NA. Both extracts did not affect the purinergic neurotransmission or induce muscle damages. Our results demonstrate that O. sambaquiensis and C. quadrumanus extracts significantly interfere with the noradrenergic neurotransmission without altering purinergic response or smooth muscle structure on rat vas deferens. Such results bring to light the pharmacological potential of O. sambaquiensis and C. quadrumanus molecules for therapeutics focusing on noradrenergic neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Cavenatti Bueno
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, São Francisco University (USF), Avenida São Francisco de Assis, 218, Jardim São José, 12916-900, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rita de Cássia Collaço
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-887, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Bianca Aparecida Cardoso
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, São Francisco University (USF), Avenida São Francisco de Assis, 218, Jardim São José, 12916-900, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Fumachi Bredariol
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, São Francisco University (USF), Avenida São Francisco de Assis, 218, Jardim São José, 12916-900, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marília Leal Escobar
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, São Francisco University (USF), Avenida São Francisco de Assis, 218, Jardim São José, 12916-900, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil.
| | - Isabela Bubenik Cajado
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, São Francisco University (USF), Avenida São Francisco de Assis, 218, Jardim São José, 12916-900, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marta Gracia
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, São Francisco University (USF), Avenida São Francisco de Assis, 218, Jardim São José, 12916-900, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil.
| | - Edson Antunes
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-887, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa O Zambelli
- Laboratory of Pain and Signaling, Butantan Institute, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Gisele Picolo
- Laboratory of Pain and Signaling, Butantan Institute, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Yara Cury
- Laboratory of Pain and Signaling, Butantan Institute, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - André C Morandini
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil; Marine Biology Center, University of São Paulo, São Sebastião, 11612-109, Brazil.
| | - Antonio C Marques
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Mozer Sciani
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, São Francisco University (USF), Avenida São Francisco de Assis, 218, Jardim São José, 12916-900, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil.
| | - Thalita Rocha
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, São Francisco University (USF), Avenida São Francisco de Assis, 218, Jardim São José, 12916-900, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil.
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Dhole NP, Dar MA, Pandit RS. Recent advances in the bioprospection and applications of chitinolytic bacteria for valorization of waste chitin. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:1953-69. [PMID: 33710379 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02234-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
One of the most abundant natural polymers on earth, chitin is a fibrous and structural polysaccharide, composed of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. The biopolymer is the major structural constituent of fungi, arthropods, mollusks, nematodes, and some algae. The biodegradation of chitin is largely manifested by chitinolytic enzyme secreting organisms including bacteria, insects, and plants. Among them, bacterial chitinases represent the most promising, inexpensive, and sustainable source of proteins that can be employed for industrial-scale applications. To this end, the presented review comes at a timely moment to highlight the major sources of chitinolytic bacteria. It also discusses the potential pros and cons of prospecting bacterial chitinases that can be easily manipulated through genetic engineering. Additionally, we have elaborated the recent applications of the chitin thereby branding chitinases as potential candidates for biorefinery and biomedical research for eco-friendly and sustainable management of chitin waste in the environment.
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Cauduro GP, Leal AL, Marmitt M, de Ávila LG, Kern G, Quadros PD, Mahenthiralingam E, Valiati VH. New benzo(a)pyrene-degrading strains of the Burkholderia cepacia complex prospected from activated sludge in a petrochemical wastewater treatment plant. Environ Monit Assess 2021; 193:163. [PMID: 33675444 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-08952-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The prospection of bacteria that are resistant to polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) of activated sludge from a Petrochemical Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) allows investigating potential biodegraders of PAH. For this purpose, sludge samples were cultured with benzo(a)pyrene and/or naphthalene as carbon sources. The recovered isolates were characterized by biochemical methods and identified based on the analysis of the sequence of three genes: 16S, recA and gyrB. The isolated strains were shown to be capable of producing surfactants, which are important for compound degradation. The ability to reduce benzo(a)pyrene in vitro was tested by gas chromatography. After 20 days of experiment, the consortium that was enriched with 1 mg/L of benzo(a)pyrene was able to reduce 30% of the compound when compared to a control without bacteria. The four isolated strains that significantly reduced benzo(a)pyrene belong to the Burkholderia cepacia complex and were identified within the consortium as the species B. cenocepacia IIIa, B. vietnamiensis, B. cepacia, and B. multivorans. This finding demonstrates the biotechnological potential of the B. cepacia complex strains for use in wastewater treatment and bioremediation. Previous studies on hydrocarbon-degrading strains focused mainly on contaminated soil or marine areas. In this work, the strains were prospected from activated sludge in a WWTP and showed the potential of indigenous samples to be used in both improving treatment systems and bioremediation of areas contaminated with petrochemical waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Pinto Cauduro
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Av. Unisinos 950, São Leopoldo, RS, 93022-750, Brazil
| | - Ana Lusia Leal
- Superintendence for the Treatment of Wastewater, Companhia Riograndense de Saneamento (SITEL/CORSAN) Polo Petroquímico do Sul, Triunfo, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcela Marmitt
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Av. Unisinos 950, São Leopoldo, RS, 93022-750, Brazil
| | - Letícia Gomes de Ávila
- Superintendence for the Treatment of Wastewater, Companhia Riograndense de Saneamento (SITEL/CORSAN) Polo Petroquímico do Sul, Triunfo, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Kern
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Av. Unisinos 950, São Leopoldo, RS, 93022-750, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Dörr Quadros
- Laboratório de Biodeterioração de Combustíveis e Biocombustíveis, UFRGS, Brazil Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Victor Hugo Valiati
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), Av. Unisinos 950, São Leopoldo, RS, 93022-750, Brazil.
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16
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Santos-Júnior CD, Pan S, Zhao XM, Coelho LP. Macrel: antimicrobial peptide screening in genomes and metagenomes. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10555. [PMID: 33384902 PMCID: PMC7751412 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have the potential to tackle multidrug-resistant pathogens in both clinical and non-clinical contexts. The recent growth in the availability of genomes and metagenomes provides an opportunity for in silico prediction of novel AMP molecules. However, due to the small size of these peptides, standard gene prospection methods cannot be applied in this domain and alternative approaches are necessary. In particular, standard gene prediction methods have low precision for short peptides, and functional classification by homology results in low recall. Results Here, we present Macrel (for metagenomic AMP classification and retrieval), which is an end-to-end pipeline for the prospection of high-quality AMP candidates from (meta)genomes. For this, we introduce a novel set of 22 peptide features. These were used to build classifiers which perform similarly to the state-of-the-art in the prediction of both antimicrobial and hemolytic activity of peptides, but with enhanced precision (using standard benchmarks as well as a stricter testing regime). We demonstrate that Macrel recovers high-quality AMP candidates using realistic simulations and real data. Availability Macrel is implemented in Python 3. It is available as open source at https://github.com/BigDataBiology/macrel and through bioconda. Classification of peptides or prediction of AMPs in contigs can also be performed on the webserver: https://big-data-biology.org/software/macrel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célio Dias Santos-Júnior
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaojun Pan
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing-Ming Zhao
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Shanghai, China
| | - Luis Pedro Coelho
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Shanghai, China
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17
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Cerveira MM, Vianna HS, Ferrer EMK, da Rosa BN, de Pereira CMP, Baldissera MD, Lopes LQS, Rech VC, Giongo JL, de Almeida Vaucher R. Bioprospection of novel synthetic monocurcuminoids: Antioxidant, antimicrobial, and in vitro cytotoxic activities. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 133:111052. [PMID: 33378958 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The irrational use of medications has increased the incidence of microbial infections, which are a major threat to public health. Moreover, conventional therapeutic strategies are starting to become ineffective to treat these infections. Hence, there is a need to develop and characterize novel antimicrobial compounds. Phytochemicals are emerging as a safe and accessible alternative to conventional therapeutics for treating infectious diseases. Curcumin is extracted from the dried rhizome of the spice turmeric (Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae)). However, the bioavailability of curcumin is low owing to its lipophilic property and thus has a low therapeutic efficacy in the host. A previous study synthesized structural variants of curcumin, which are called monocurcuminoids (CNs). CNs are synthesized based on the chemical structure of curcumin with only one methyl bridge. The biological activities of four previously synthesized CNs (CN59, CN63, CN67, and CN77), curcumin, and turmeric powder were examined in this study. Gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of curcumin and turmeric powder revealed similar peaks, which indicated the presence of curcumin in turmeric powder. The antioxidant activity of the test compounds was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) assays. The ABTS radical scavenging activities of the test compounds were similar to those of vitamin C. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the test compounds against seven microbial strains were in the range of 4.06-150 μg/mL. The MIC value was equal to minimum bactericidal concentration value for CN63 (150 μg/mL) and CN67 (120 μg/mL) against Staphylococcus aureus. The treatment combination of CN77 (8.75 or 4.37 μg/mL) and turmeric powder (9.37 or 4.68 μg/mL) exerted synergistic growth-inhibiting effects on Aeromonas hydrophila, Candida albicans, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Photodynamic therapy using 2X MIC of CN59 decreased the growth of Enterococcus faecalis by 4.18-fold compared to the control group and completely inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli. The results of the hemolytic assay revealed that the test compounds were not cytotoxic with half-maximal inhibitory concentration values ranging from 49.65-130.9 μM. The anticoagulant activity of most compounds was comparable to that of warfarin but higher than that of heparin. This indicated that these compounds target the intrinsic coagulation pathway. These results demonstrated that these CNs are a safe and promising alternative for curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Mattes Cerveira
- Laboratory of Biochemistry Research and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (LaPeBBiOM), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Helena Silveira Vianna
- Laboratory of Biochemistry Research and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (LaPeBBiOM), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Edila Maria Kickhofel Ferrer
- Laboratory of Biochemistry Research and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (LaPeBBiOM), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruno Nunes da Rosa
- Lipidomics and Bio-organic Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Virginia Cielo Rech
- Post graduate Program in Nanoscience, Universidade Franciscana, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Janice Luehring Giongo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry Research and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (LaPeBBiOM), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo de Almeida Vaucher
- Laboratory of Biochemistry Research and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (LaPeBBiOM), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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Lauria PSS, Villarreal CF, Casais-E-Silva LL. Pain modulatory properties of Phoneutria nigriventer crude venom and derived peptides: A double-edged sword. Toxicon 2020; 185:120-8. [PMID: 32668276 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Phoneutria nigriventer venom (PNV) is a complex mixture of toxins exerting multiple pharmacological effects that ultimately result in severe local pain at the site of the bite. It has been proposed that the PNV-induced pain is mediated by both peripheral and central mechanisms. The nociception triggered by PNV is peripherally mediated by the activation of B2, 5-HT4, NMDA, AMPA, NK1, and NK2 receptors, as well as TTXS-Na+, ASIC, and TRPV1 channels. The activation of tachykinin, glutamate and CGRP receptors along with the production of inflammatory mediators are, at least partially, responsible for the central component of pain. Despite its well established pro-nociceptive properties, PNV contains some toxins with antinociceptive activity, which have been studied in the last few years. The toxins ω-CNTX-Pn4a, ω-CNTX-Pn2a, ω-CNTX-Pn3a, κ-CNTX-Pn1a, U7-CNTX-Pn1a, δ-CNTX-Pn1a, and Γ-CNTX-Pn1a from PNV, as well as the semi-synthetic peptide PnPP-19 have been tested in different experimental models of pain showing consistent antinociceptive properties. This review aims to discuss the pro- and antinociceptive actions of PNV and its toxins, highlighting possible mechanisms involved in these apparently dualistic properties.
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Poletto P, Alvarez-Rivera G, Torres TMS, Mendiola JA, Ibañez E, Cifuentes A. Compressed fluids and phytochemical profiling tools to obtain and characterize antiviral and anti-inflammatory compounds from natural sources. Trends Analyt Chem 2020; 129:115942. [PMID: 32834241 PMCID: PMC7276128 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Many natural compounds, found mainly in plants, are associated with the treatment of various diseases. The search for natural therapeutic agents includes compounds with antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities. Among the many steps involved in bioprospection, extraction is the first and most critical step for obtaining bioactive compounds. One of the main advantages of using compressed fluids extraction is the high quality of the final product obtained due to the use of green solvents, while the selectivity towards target compounds can be tuned by adjusting the process parameters, especially pressure, temperature and solvent characteristics. In this review, a discussion is provided on the power of compressed fluids, such as supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and subcritical water extraction (SWE) to obtain antiviral and anti-inflammatory compounds from natural sources. In addition, an adequate knowledge about the identity and quantity of the compounds present in the extract is essential to correlate biological activity with chemical composition. Phytochemical profiling tools used for identification and quantification of these bioactive natural compound are also discussed. It can be anticipated that after the current SARS-COV-2 pandemic, the search of new natural compounds with antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity will be a hot research topic, so, this review provides an overview on the technologies currently used that could help this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Poletto
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Gerardo Alvarez-Rivera
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Talyta M S Torres
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Jose A Mendiola
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Ibañez
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Cifuentes
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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Bovio E, Fauchon M, Toueix Y, Mehiri M, Varese GC, Hellio C. The Sponge-Associated Fungus Eurotium chevalieri MUT 2316 and its Bioactive Molecules: Potential Applications in the Field of Antifouling. Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2019; 21:743-752. [PMID: 31494811 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-019-09920-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The need for new environmentally friendly antifouling and the observation that many marine organisms have developed strategies to keep their surface free of epibionts has stimulated the search for marine natural compounds with antifouling activities. Sponges and in particular fungi associated with them represent one of the most appropriate sources of defence molecules and could represent a promising biomass for the supply of new antifouling compounds. The objective of this work was therefore to evaluate the antifouling potency of 7 compounds isolated from the sponge derived fungus Eurotium chevalieri MUT 2316. The assessment of their activity targeted the inhibition of the adhesion and/or growth of selected marine bacteria (5) and microalgae (5), as well as the inhibition of the mussel's byssus thread formation (tyrosinase activity). The 7 compounds showed bioactivity, with various levels of selectivity for species. Cyclo-L-Trp-L-Ala was the most promising active compound, and led to the inhibition, at very low concentrations (0.001 μg ml-1 in 61.5% of cases), of adhesion and growth of all the microalgae, of selected bacteria, and towards the inhibition of tyrosinase. Promising results were also obtained for echinulin, neoechinulin A, dihydroauroglaucin and flavoglaucin, respectively, leading to inhibition of adhesion and/or growth of 9, 7, 8 and 8 microfouling species at various concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bovio
- Mycotheca Universitatis Taurinensis, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Turin, Italy
- CNRS, Nice Institute of Chemistry, UMR 7272, Marine Natural Products Team, University Nice Côte d'Azur, 60103, Nice, France
| | - Marilyne Fauchon
- University Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, F-29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Yannick Toueix
- University Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, F-29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Mohamed Mehiri
- CNRS, Nice Institute of Chemistry, UMR 7272, Marine Natural Products Team, University Nice Côte d'Azur, 60103, Nice, France
| | - Giovanna Cristina Varese
- Mycotheca Universitatis Taurinensis, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Turin, Italy.
| | - Claire Hellio
- University Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, F-29280, Plouzané, France.
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21
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Abstract
The cytotoxicity of the methanol extract of the freshwater sponge Ochridaspongia rotunda (Arndt, 1937) (Malawispongiidae) was evaluated by MTT assay at in vitro conditions against three brain tumour cell lines (Neuro-2A, U-251 MG and U-87 MG). The extract was actually found to be most effective against the malignant glioma U-251 MG cells reaching a promising IC50 value of 1.87 ± 0.09 μg/mL at 96 h. However, it exhibited only a bit of cytotoxicity (IC50 321.14 ± 11.29 μg/mL, 96 h) towards the normal cells. Also, this sponge extract was 5-fold more selective for U-251 MG versus U-87 MG cells. Finally, monitoring genotoxicity at chromosomal level using the micronucleus test practically revealed lack of any significant toxicity of O. rotunda extract, compared to doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Pejin
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research - IMSI, Department of Life Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Miodrag Glumac
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology - SFSB, Food Oral Processing Laboratory, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dimitar Jakimov
- Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, University of Novi Sad, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Vesna Kojic
- Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, University of Novi Sad, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
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Atalah J, Cáceres-Moreno P, Espina G, Blamey JM. Thermophiles and the applications of their enzymes as new biocatalysts. Bioresour Technol 2019; 280:478-488. [PMID: 30826176 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Ecological and efficient alternatives to industrial processes have sparked interest for using microorganisms and enzymes as biocatalysts. One of the difficulties is finding candidates capable of resisting the harsh conditions in which industrial processes usually take place. Extremophiles, microorganisms naturally found in "extreme" ecological niches, produce robust enzymes for bioprocesses and product development. Thermophiles like Geobacillus, Alyciclobacillus, Anoxybacillus, Pyrococcus and Thermoccocus are some of the extremophiles containing enzymes showing special promise for biocatalysis. Glutamate dehydrogenase used in food processes, laccases and xylanases in pulp and paper processes, nitrilases and transaminases for pharmaceutical drug synthesis and lipases present in detergents, are examples of the increasing use of enzymes for biocatalytic synthesis from thermophilic microorganisms. Some of these enzymes from thermophiles have been expressed as recombinant enzymes and are already in the market. Here we will review recent discoveries of thermophilic enzymes and their current and potential applications in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Atalah
- Fundación Biociencia, José Domingo Cañas 2280, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Giannina Espina
- Fundación Biociencia, José Domingo Cañas 2280, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jenny M Blamey
- Fundación Biociencia, José Domingo Cañas 2280, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile; Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Alameda 3363, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile.
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23
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Vila E, Hornero-Méndez D, Azziz G, Lareo C, Saravia V. Carotenoids from heterotrophic bacteria isolated from Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 21:e00306. [PMID: 30705834 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids are isoprenoid pigments used by pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food and feed industry as antioxidants and colorants. Although traditional sources of carotenoids are fruits, vegetables and chemical synthesis, prospecting for alternative sinks of common and/or unusual carotenoids is important for the development of natural carotenoid industry. In this work, 30 pigmented bacterial strains from Fildes Peninsula in King George Island, Antarctica, were isolated and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and classified in three phyla, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. After cells extraction, ten different carotenoids were identified based on the chromatographic and spectroscopic characteristic obtained by HPLC-PDA and HPLC-PDA-APCI-MS analyses. Strains assigned to Bacteroidetes affiliated to Flavobacterium, Chryseobacterium and Zobellia genera, presented a pigment profile composed of zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene. Firmicutes strains of Planococcus genus produced a C50 carotenoid, identified as C.p. 450 glucoside. Actinobacteria isolates were mainly assigned to Arthrobacter genus, and few to Salinibacterium and Cryobacterium genera. Arthrobacter strains produced C50 carotenoids such as decaprenoxanthin and its glucosylated derivatives, as well as some C40 carotenoids such as lycopene which is used as synthesis precursors of the C50 carotenoids. Salinibacterium and Cryobacterium genera produced C.p. 450 free form and its glucosylated derivatives. Although most isolates produce carotenoids similar in diversity and quantity than those already reported in the literature, novel sources for C50 carotenoids results from this work. According to their carotenoid content, all isolates could be promising candidates for carotenoids production.
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Abstract
We report relative bioactivities of extracts prepared from a large collection of plants from three national parks in Panama. Over 181 plants were collected, taxonomically identified and their detannified dichloromethane (DCM)-methanolic extracts were used for profiling selected bioactivities. Assays were performed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the extracts for Antioxidant Response Element (ARE) induction, total non-enzymatic antioxidant potential, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. The high throughput analysis of 280 extracts resulted in identification of 57.5% of the extracts that could induce ARE at one or more concentrations tested, 93.5% that harbored total antioxidant capacity, and 2.1% of the extracts that showed lung cancer cell line-specific cytotoxicity. Data from our profiling experiments indicate that a large number of extracts could be a source for further isolation and chemical identification of compounds that could serve as leads for discovery of antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory agents to prevent or treat complex diseases like cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Roy
- High Throughput Screening Laboratory, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS66047, USA
| | - Peter McDonald
- High Throughput Screening Laboratory, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS66047, USA
| | | | - Mahabir Gupta
- Centro de InvestigacionesFarmacognósticas de la Flora Panameña, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Panamá, Panama, R de P
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25
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Bilal T, Malik B, Hakeem KR. Metagenomic analysis of uncultured microorganisms and their enzymatic attributes. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 155:65-69. [PMID: 30452938 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although second generation biofuel technology is a sustainable route for bioethanol production it is not currently a robust technology because of certain hindrances viz., unavailability of potential enzyme resources, low efficiency of enzymes and restricted availability of potent enzymes that work under harsh conditions in industrial processes. Therefore, bioprospecting of extremophilic microorganisms using metagenomics is a promising alternative to discover novel microbes and enzymes with efficient tolerance to unfavourable conditions and thus could revolutionize the energy sector. Metagenomics a recent field in "omics" technology enables the genomic study of uncultured microorganisms with the goal of better understanding microbial dynamics. Metagenomics in conjunction with NextGen Sequencing technology facilitates the sequencing of microbial DNA directly from environmental samples and has expanded, and transformed our knowledge of the microbial world. However, filtering the meaningful information from the millions of genomic sequences offers a serious challenge to bioinformaticians. The current review holds the opinion tool 'know- how' to unravel the secrets of nature while expediting the bio-industrial world. We also discuss the novel biocatalytic agents discovered through metagenomics and how bioengineering plays a pivotal role to enhance their efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanveer Bilal
- Department of Bioresources, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India; Department of Bioresources, Amar Singh College, Cluster University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190001, India
| | - Bisma Malik
- Department of Bioresources, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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Oliveira CS, Caldeira CAS, Diniz-Sousa R, Romero DL, Marcussi S, Moura LA, Fuly AL, de Carvalho C, Cavalcante WLG, Gallacci M, Pai MD, Zuliani JP, Calderon LA, Soares AM. Pharmacological characterization of cnidarian extracts from the Caribbean Sea: evaluation of anti-snake venom and antitumor properties. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2018; 24:22. [PMID: 30181737 PMCID: PMC6114500 DOI: 10.1186/s40409-018-0161-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cnidarians produce toxins, which are composed of different polypeptides that induce pharmacological effects of biotechnological interest, such as antitumor, antiophidic and anti-clotting activities. This study aimed to evaluate toxicological activities and potential as antitumor and antiophidic agents contained in total extracts from five cnidarians: Millepora alcicornis, Stichodactyla helianthus, Plexaura homomalla, Bartholomea annulata and Condylactis gigantea (total and body wall). METHODS The cnidarian extracts were evaluated by electrophoresis and for their phospholipase, proteolytic, hemorrhagic, coagulant, fibrinogenolytic, neuromuscular blocking, muscle-damaging, edema-inducing and cytotoxic activities. RESULTS All cnidarian extracts showed indirect hemolytic activity, but only S. helianthus induced direct hemolysis and neurotoxic effect. However, the hydrolysis of NBD-PC, a PLA2 substrate, was presented only by the C. gigantea (body wall) and S. helianthus. The extracts from P. homomalla and S. helianthus induced edema, while only C. gigantea and S. helianthus showed intensified myotoxic activity. The proteolytic activity upon casein and fibrinogen was presented mainly by B. annulata extract and all were unable to induce hemorrhage or fibrinogen coagulation. Cnidarian extracts were able to neutralize clotting induced by Bothrops jararacussu snake venom, except M. alcicornis. All cnidarian extracts were able to inhibit hemorrhagic activity induced by Bothrops moojeni venom. Only the C. gigantea (body wall) inhibited thrombin-induced coagulation. All cnidarian extracts showed antitumor effect against Jurkat cells, of which C. gigantea (body wall) and S. helianthus were the most active; however, only C. gigantea (body wall) and M. alcicornis were active against B16F10 cells. CONCLUSION The cnidarian extracts analyzed showed relevant in vitro inhibitory potential over the activities induced by Bothrops venoms; these results may contribute to elucidate the possible mechanisms of interaction between cnidarian extracts and snake venoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia S. Oliveira
- Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas a Saúde (CEBio), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz de Rondônia (Fiocruz Rondônia), Porto Velho, RO Brazil
- Brazilian Marine Biotechnology Network (BioTecMar Network), Porto Velho, Brazil
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO Brazil
| | - Cleópatra A. S. Caldeira
- Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas a Saúde (CEBio), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz de Rondônia (Fiocruz Rondônia), Porto Velho, RO Brazil
- Brazilian Marine Biotechnology Network (BioTecMar Network), Porto Velho, Brazil
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO Brazil
| | - Rafaela Diniz-Sousa
- Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas a Saúde (CEBio), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz de Rondônia (Fiocruz Rondônia), Porto Velho, RO Brazil
- Brazilian Marine Biotechnology Network (BioTecMar Network), Porto Velho, Brazil
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO Brazil
| | - Dolores L. Romero
- Centro de Estudios de Proteínas, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de La Habana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Silvana Marcussi
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, MG Brazil
| | - Laura A. Moura
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular (GCM), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, RJ Brazil
| | - André L. Fuly
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular (GCM), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, RJ Brazil
| | - Cicília de Carvalho
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP Brazil
| | - Walter L. G. Cavalcante
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Márcia Gallacci
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP Brazil
| | - Maeli Dal Pai
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP Brazil
| | - Juliana P. Zuliani
- Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas a Saúde (CEBio), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz de Rondônia (Fiocruz Rondônia), Porto Velho, RO Brazil
- Brazilian Marine Biotechnology Network (BioTecMar Network), Porto Velho, Brazil
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO Brazil
| | - Leonardo A. Calderon
- Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas a Saúde (CEBio), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz de Rondônia (Fiocruz Rondônia), Porto Velho, RO Brazil
- Brazilian Marine Biotechnology Network (BioTecMar Network), Porto Velho, Brazil
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO Brazil
| | - Andreimar M. Soares
- Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas a Saúde (CEBio), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz de Rondônia (Fiocruz Rondônia), Porto Velho, RO Brazil
- Brazilian Marine Biotechnology Network (BioTecMar Network), Porto Velho, Brazil
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO Brazil
- Centro Universitário São Lucas (UniSL), Porto Velho, RO Brazil
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27
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Talevska A, Pejin B, Beric T, Stankovic S. Further insight into the bioactivity of the freshwater sponge Ochridaspongia rotunda. Pharm Biol 2017; 55:1313-1316. [PMID: 28279126 PMCID: PMC6130583 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1297468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Bioprospection has become a dynamic scientific field that explores novel possibilities for the implementation of natural products in medicine and pharmacy. Compared to marine species from all kingdoms, freshwater species have been highly neglected. OBJECTIVE This work focuses on the screening of acetylcholinesterase inhibitory (AChE) and mutagenic activities of the acetone extract (obtained by maceration) of the freshwater sponge Ochridaspongia rotunda Arndt (Malawispongiidae) in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS AChE inhibitory activity was evaluated both in liquid (five different concentrations of the extract, from 1 to 100 μg/mL) and in solid (seven different concentrations of the extract, from 0.5 to 10.0 μg) by methods well described in literature, while mutagenicity was estimated using the Ames test (four different concentrations of the extract, from 0.106 to 1.328 mg/plate). RESULTS Ochridaspongia rotunda acetone extract exhibited promising AChE inhibitory activity in a dose-dependent manner both in liquid (IC50 23.07 μg/mL) and in solid (1.50 μg). Furthermore, the Ames test revealed no sign of mutagenicity at any concentration tested. Its FTIR spectrum coupled with the positive Liebermann?Burchard, Salkowski and Zak color reactions (tests) indicated the presence of sterol compounds. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The screened extract may inspire a search for novel anticholinesterase therapeutic agent(s) potentially used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Further research will be directed toward its detailed chemical analysis along with addressing the issue of a real producer of the natural product(s) responsible for the AChE activity observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Talevska
- University of St. Clement of Ohrid, Hydrobiological Institute, Ohrid, Republic of Macedonia
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Boris Pejin
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research – IMSI, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanja Beric
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Ribeiro LP, Vendramim JD, Andrade MS, Bicalho KU, Silva MFGF, Vieira PC, Fernandes JB. Tropical Plant Extracts as Sources of Grain-Protectant Compounds Against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Neotrop Entomol 2014; 43:470-482. [PMID: 27193958 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-014-0233-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of organic plant extracts to Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) was assessed for three tropical plant species: branches, leaves, and seeds of Annona montana (Annonaceae), branches of Aristolochia paulistana (Aristolochiaceae), and leaves and branches of Casearia sylvestris (Salicaceae). The screening assay resulted that the extracts of A. montana seeds obtained with hexane (LC50 = 534.75 mg kg(-1) and LT50 = 6.10 days) and with dichloromethane (LC50 = 424.67 mg kg(-1) and LT50 = 5.03 days) were the most promising treatments, followed by the extract prepared from A. montana leaves with hexane (LC50 = 837.70 mg kg(-1) and LT50 = 4.90 days). Moreover, extracts (at 1,500 mg kg(-1)) prepared from C. sylvestris branches with dichloromethane and A. paulistana with hexane caused significant mortality (37% and 41.5%, respectively) beyond sublethal effects on S. zeamais. Therefore, based on the biological assays, extraction yield, and evaluation of the chromatographic profile of the crude extracts by TLC, the hexane extract of A. montana seeds was selected and fractioned using liquid-liquid partitioning. The hydroalcoholic fraction caused mortality of 55.5%, significantly superior to dichloromethane fraction, which caused 35.5% of mortality. Chemical analyses ((1)H NMR, HPLC, and TLC) were performed, and the results showed the presence of alkaloids and acetogenins in both active fractions, which have been associated with bioactivity. Therefore, extracts prepared from A. montana seeds (especially) is an interesting source of new compounds with promising grain-protectant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Ribeiro
- Depto de Entomologia e Acarologia, Univ de São Paulo, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz deQueiroz", Av. Pádua Dias, 11-Agronomia, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil.
| | - J D Vendramim
- Depto de Entomologia e Acarologia, Univ de São Paulo, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz deQueiroz", Av. Pádua Dias, 11-Agronomia, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil
| | - M S Andrade
- Depto de Química, Univ Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - K U Bicalho
- Depto de Química, Univ Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - M F G F Silva
- Depto de Química, Univ Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - P C Vieira
- Depto de Química, Univ Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - J B Fernandes
- Depto de Química, Univ Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
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de Castro ALM, Vollú RE, Peixoto RS, Grigorevski-Lima AL, Coelho RRR, Bon EPS, Rosado AS, Seldin L. Cellulolytic potential of a novel strain of Paenibacillus sp. isolated from the armored catfish Parotocinclus maculicauda gut. Braz J Microbiol 2011; 42:1608-15. [PMID: 24031795 PMCID: PMC3768713 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838220110004000048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A cellulolytic bacterial strain, designated P118, isolated from the gut of the tropical fish Parotocinclus maculicauda was identified as belonging to the genus Paenibacillus based on phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics and the 16S rRNA gene sequence. The novel strain was Gram-positive, spore-forming and rod-shaped. Catalase but not oxidase was produced. Carboxymethylcellulose was hydrolyzed but starch or gelatin was not. Acetoin production was negative whereas nitrate reduction and urease production were positive. Many carbohydrates served as carbon sources for growth. MK-7 was the predominant isoprenoid quinone. Anteiso-C15:0 (38.73%) and C16:0 (20.85%) were the dominant cellular fatty acids. Strain P118 was closely related to Paenibacillus amylolyticus NRRL NRS-290, P. pabuli HSCC 492, P. tundrae Ab10b, P. xylanexedens B22a, and P. tylopili MK2 with 98.3-98.8% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The results presented here suggest that strain P118 represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus and it is a potential strain for further studies concerning its role in the production of industrially important products from cellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- André L. M. de Castro
- Laboratório de Ecologia Molecular Microbiana, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, RJ, Brasil
| | - Renata E. Vollú
- Laboratório de Genética Microbiana, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, RJ, Brasil
| | - Raquel S. Peixoto
- Laboratório de Ecologia Molecular Microbiana, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, RJ, Brasil
| | - André L. Grigorevski-Lima
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Actinomicetos, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, RJ, Brasil
| | - Rosalie R. R. Coelho
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Actinomicetos, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, RJ, Brasil
| | - Elba P. S. Bon
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, RJ, Brasil
| | - Alexandre S. Rosado
- Laboratório de Ecologia Molecular Microbiana, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, RJ, Brasil
| | - Lucy Seldin
- Laboratório de Genética Microbiana, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, RJ, Brasil
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30
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Costa JGM, Nascimento EMM, Campos AR, Rodrigues FFG. Antibacterial activity of Momordica charantia (Curcubitaceae) extracts and fractions. J Basic Clin Pharm 2010; 2:45-51. [PMID: 24826002 PMCID: PMC3979203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2010] [Revised: 06/16/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Momordica charantia L. belongs to the family Curcubitaceae and it is very common in many Brazilian regions. The plant is a liana with flowers and yellow fruits that present red seeds when are ripe. Popularly known as "melão-de-sãocaetano", "melão amargo" or "cabaço-amargo", it possesses many uses: antidiabetic, antihelmintic, antmicrobial, anticancerigenous and antioxidant. The phytochemical prospection of the fresh and dried leaves extracts showed the presence of different classes of secondary metabolites, as flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins, that have demonstrated antimicrobial action. Fresh and dried leaves presented significantly antimicrobial activity against all bacterial strains tested, specially Escherichia coli. Ethyl acetate fractions were effective against Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus. The modulatory activity was significative too.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Galberto M. Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioprospecção Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica, Laboratório de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz 1161, Pimenta, 63105-000 Crato-CE, Brazil,Corresponding Author: E-mail:
| | - Eidla M. M. Nascimento
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioprospecção Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica, Laboratório de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz 1161, Pimenta, 63105-000 Crato-CE, Brazil
| | - Adriana R. Campos
- Vice-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Universidade de Fortaleza, Av. Washington Soares 1321, Edson Queiroz, 60811-905, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil
| | - Fabiola F. G. Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioprospecção Molecular, Departamento de Química Biológica, Laboratório de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz 1161, Pimenta, 63105-000 Crato-CE, Brazil
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