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Luo J, Wu Y, Fu H, Fu M, Liu M, Guo H, Jin L, Wang S. Shift in microorganism and functional gene abundance during completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite ( CANON) process. J Environ Manage 2024; 359:121009. [PMID: 38718600 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Nitrification-denitrification process has failed to meet wastewater treatment standards. The completely autotrophic nitrite removal (CANON) process has a huge advantage in the field of low carbon/nitrogen wastewater nitrogen removal. However, slow start-up and system instability limit its applications. In this study, the time of the start-up CANON process was reduced by using bio-rope as loading materials. The establishing of graded dissolved oxygen improved the stability of the CANON process and enhanced the stratification effect between functional microorganisms. Microbial community structure and the abundance of nitrogen removal functional genes are also analyzed. The results showed that the CANON process was initiated within 75 days in the complete absence of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) inoculation. The ammonium and nitrogen removal efficiencies of CANON process reached to 94.45% and 80.76% respectively. The results also showed that the relative abundance of nitrogen removal bacterial in the biofilm gradually increases with the dissolved oxygen content in the solution decreases. In contrast, the relative abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria was positively correlated with the dissolved oxygen content in the solution. The relative abundance of g__Candidatus_Brocadia in biofilm was 15.56%, and while g__Nitrosomonas was just 0.6613%. Metagenomic analysis showed that g__Candidatus_Brocadia also contributes 66.37% to the partial-nitrification functional gene Hao (K10535). This study presented a new idea for the cooperation between partial-nitrification and anammox, which improved the nitrogen removal system stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Luo
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Rural Sewage Treatment and Water Safety, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, China
| | - Yicheng Wu
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Rural Sewage Treatment and Water Safety, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, China
| | - Haiyan Fu
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Rural Sewage Treatment and Water Safety, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, China.
| | - Muxing Fu
- Xiamen Zhongrenhemei Biotechnology Co., Xiamen, 361024, China
| | - Mian Liu
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Rural Sewage Treatment and Water Safety, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, China
| | - Huibin Guo
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Rural Sewage Treatment and Water Safety, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Rural Sewage Treatment and Water Safety, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, China
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Zhang Z, Xing W, Lu J, Gao X, Jia F, Yao H. Nitrogen removal and nitrous oxide emission in the partial nitritation/anammox process at different reflux ratios. Sci Total Environ 2024; 906:167520. [PMID: 37788770 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) process has been widely used in wastewater treatment owing to its notable advantages, including a low aeration rate and the non-requirement of an additional carbon source. In practical implementation, nitrite accumulation affects the nitrogen-removal efficiency and the amount of N2O released during the PN/A process. By implementing wastewater reflux, the nitrite concentration can be decreased, thereby achieving a balance between the nitrogen-removal efficiency and N2O release. This study conducted the CANON process with varying reflux ratios of 0 to 300 % and ~300 mg/L ammonium in the influent. The highest removal efficiency of ammonium and total nitrogen (98.2 ± 0.8 and 77.8 ± 2.3 %, respectively) could be achieved at a reflux ratio of 200 %. Further, a reflux ratio of 200 % led to the lowest N2O emission factor (2.21 %), with a 31.74 % reduction in N2O emission compared to the process without refluxing. Additionally, the reactor at a reflux ratio of 200 % presented the highest relative abundance of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (30.98 %) and the lowest proportion of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (9.57 %). This study aimed to elucidate the impact of the reflux ratio on the nitrogen-removal efficiency of the CANON process and to theoretically explain the influence of different reflux ratios on N2O release. These findings provide a theoretical framework for enhancing the nitrogen-removal efficiency and mitigating carbon emissions in practical applications of the CANON process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexi Zhang
- Beijing International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water Pollution Control Techniques for Antibiotics and Resistance Genes, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, PR China
| | - Wei Xing
- Beijing International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water Pollution Control Techniques for Antibiotics and Resistance Genes, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, PR China.
| | - Jia Lu
- Beijing International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water Pollution Control Techniques for Antibiotics and Resistance Genes, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, PR China
| | - Xinyu Gao
- Beijing International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water Pollution Control Techniques for Antibiotics and Resistance Genes, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, PR China
| | - Fangxu Jia
- Beijing International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water Pollution Control Techniques for Antibiotics and Resistance Genes, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, PR China
| | - Hong Yao
- Beijing International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water Pollution Control Techniques for Antibiotics and Resistance Genes, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, PR China
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Gong S, Qin Y, Zheng S, Lu T, Yang X, Zeng M, Zhou H, Chen J, Huang W. The rapid start-up of CANON process through adding partial nitration sludge to ANAMMOX system. J Environ Manage 2023; 338:117821. [PMID: 37001425 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to start up the completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process after adding partial nitration (PN) sludge to the ANAMMOX reactor, so as to help the rapid start-up and stable operation of the CANON process in practical engineering applications. There were three steps in the research: cultivating the PN sludge, building a reliable ANAMMMOX system, and finally starting and running the CANON process. The PN sludge was successfully cultivated in less than 45 days with around 90% nitrite accumulation rate. The ANAMMOX reactor enriched a significant quantity of red granular sludge within 70 days, achieving the maximum nitrogen removal rate of 1.74 kg/(m3·d). Eventually, the CANON reactor was started up successfully, which achieved 95.08% of average ammonium removal efficiency and 84.51% of average total nitrogen removal efficiency in 60 days. The residual recalcitrant nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in the CANON process was successfully inhibited by intermittent aeration and 12 mg/L free ammonia in UASB reactor. Besides, Candidatus Kuenenia, Candidatus Brocadia and Nitrosomonas were the main functional microorganisms involved in the CANON process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Gong
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yujie Qin
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Shaohong Zheng
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Tiansheng Lu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xiangjing Yang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Ming Zeng
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Hongen Zhou
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jiannv Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Weichan Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
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Zhang X, Ma B, Zhang N, Zhang H, Ma Y, Song Y, Zhang H. Regulating performance of CANON process via adding external quorum sensing signal molecules in membrane bioreactor. Bioresour Technol 2023; 369:128465. [PMID: 36503093 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the regulation effect of the external quorum sensing signals, N-dodecanoyl homoserine lactone (C12-HSL) on CANON process were investigated in a membrane bioreactor. C12-HSL significantly enhanced the aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and improved the ammonia monooxygenase activity to 0.134 from 0.076 μg NO2--N mg-1 protein min-1, while suppressed anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and limited the TN removal to 0.07 from 0.22 kg m-3 d-1. Key enzymes synthesis were enhanced during the operation without C12-HSL addition, enabling the resistance of CANON system to high C12-HSL. As a result, the hydroxylamine oxidoreductase and nitrite reductase activity reached 35.9 EU g-1 SS and 1.28 μg NO2--N mg-1 protein min-1, respectively; Nitrosomonas and Candidatus Kuenenia, with the abundance as 12.5 % and 22.9 %, cooperatively contributed to the TN removal, which maintained at 0.19 kg m-3 d-1. C12-HSL was profitable for aerobic ammonia oxidation, which could be adopted for regulating the nitrite production rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Bingbing Ma
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yongpeng Ma
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yali Song
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Xin X, Cao X, Wang Z. Integrated effects of operational temperature, HRT, and influent ammonium concentration on a CANON coupling with denitrification process treating for digested piggery wastewater: performance and microbial community. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:1-13. [PMID: 36525130 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02804-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an improved system called the completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process was presented and coupled with denitrification for the treatment of digested piggery wastewater (DPW). The effects of operating parameters, including hydraulic retention time (HRT) (1.6 d → 1.0 d), influent NH4+-N concentration (350 mg L-1 → 600 mg L-1), and temperature (41 ℃ → 17 ℃), on the nitrogen removal performance and response characteristics of microbial population were investigated. Results showed that all considered parameters caused a remarkable effect on NH4+-N and total nitrogen removal efficiencies, and the chemical oxygen demand was more markedly affected by temperature. Candidatus_Kuenenia, Candidatus_Brocadia, Denitratisoma, norank_o_Xanthmonadales, norank_p_WWE3, and SM1A02 were the dominant genera influencing nitrogen removal in the improved CANON system for treating DPW. Redundancy discriminant analysis showed that the biological structure was positively correlated with the influent ammonium concentration, temperature, and HRT. The relative abundance of Candidatus_Kuenenia was perfectly correlated with HRT and temperature. However, environmental factors did not affect Candidatus_Brocadia and norank_p_WWE3. norank_c_Ardenticatenia, SM1A02, and norank_f_SJA-28 were all positively correlated with influent ammonium nitrogen concentration, but not correlated with HRT and temperature. The improved CANON process realized the nitrogen removal under high ammonium (NH4+-N) concentration and low C/N wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xin
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xishuang Cao
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziliing Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, People's Republic of China
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Zhang QQ, Liu N, Liu JZ, Yu Y, Fu WJ, Zhao JQ, Jin RC. Decoding the response of complete autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite ( CANON) performance and microbial succession to hydrazine and hydroxylamine: Linking performance to mechanism. Bioresour Technol 2022; 363:127948. [PMID: 36108938 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The influence of hydrazine (N2H4) and hydroxylamine (NH2OH) on performance and microbial community structures of complete autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process were assessed in this study. Experimental results demonstrated that CANON process was successfully started up and got total nitrogen removal efficiency (TNRE) of 53.6 % ± 9.8 % and 56.4 % ± 6.5 % under 1.0 and 0.5 mg L-1 N2H4 and NH2OH, respectively. N2H4 and NH2OH promoted activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria (AnAOB), and inhibited activity of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). Meanwhile, the stable operation of CANON process could be maintained without N2H4 auxiliary. While, performance assisted by NH2OH was fluctuated without NH2OH addition, suggesting that both N2H4 and NH2OH had a persistent and reversible inhibition on NOB. This study reveals new insights into influence of N2H4 and NH2OH on CANON performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Zhang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China.
| | - Ning Liu
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Jin-Ze Liu
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Yan Yu
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Wen-Jing Fu
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Zhao
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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Liu G, Zhou X, Liang H, Han L, Qiao Z, Su B. Effects of alkalinity addition with different strategies on CANON process: Start-up, performance, and microbial community. Water Environ Res 2022; 94:e1674. [PMID: 34873788 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The effects of alkalinity addition with different strategies on the start-up, performance, and microbial community of completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) were investigated over 450 days. In phase I, the alkalinity was increased gradually from 300 to 2,000 mg/L to obtain the optimal range. In phase II, the reactor was restarted to verify the appropriate alkalinity value of 1,600 mg/L. The fact that it only took 90 days (phase I: 170 days) to complete the start-up of CANON in phase II demonstrated that an alkalinity value of 1,600 mg/L was suitable when the influent NH4 + -N concentration was 200 mg/L (alkalinity/NH4 + -N = 8:1). The slope (k = 2.00) of NH4 + -N concentration decrease in phase II during the start-up process was significantly higher than that in phase I (k = 1.50). High removal efficiencies of NH4 + -N (98%) and TN (80%) were attained in both phases. Specific anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) activity tests showed that the anammox activity of the two phases reached 3.31 and 5.31 mg TN/(g VSS·h), respectively. High-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that appropriate alkalinity could promote the enrichment of Candidatus Brocadia, C. Jettenia, and C. Kuenenia (total abundance of 31.96%) while effectively inhibiting Nitrospira (abundance of less than 0.50%). PRACTITIONER POINTS: An alkalinity/NH4 + -N ratio of 8 promoted the rapid start-up and stable performance of CANON. NH4 + -N and TN removal efficiencies of 98% and 80%, respectively, were obtained. High alkalinity promoted the enrichment of Candidatus Brocadia, Candidatus Jettenia, Candidatus Kuenenia and inhibited Nitrospira.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqing Liu
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhou
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Huili Liang
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Han
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuangming Qiao
- Research and Development Center, Shandong Meiquan Environmental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Bensheng Su
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
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Zhang X, Zhang H, Chen Z, Wei D, Song Y, Ma Y, Zhang H. Achieving biogas production and efficient pollutants removal from nitrogenous fertilizer wastewater using combined anaerobic digestion and autotrophic nitrogen removal process. Bioresour Technol 2021; 339:125659. [PMID: 34333336 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogenous fertilizer was massively utilized during agricultural production process, which led to the discharge of large amount of nitrogenous wastewater with low C/N ratio. In this study, anaerobic digestion combined with subsequent Completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process was adopted for treating nitrogenous fertilizer wastewater. The reactor performances and the microbial community structure were analyzed. Results showed that COD was mainly removed by anaerobic digestion, with the COD removal efficiency as 98.4%, and nitrogen was effectively removed via CANON integrating with partial denitrification, with the removal efficiency as 96.3%. The COD, ammonia and total nitrogen in the effluent of the combined process were 3.7, 2.9 and 7.4 mg L-1, respectively. Methanothrix (43.2%) and Methanomassiliicoccus (34.0%) were detected as the dominant methane production archaea, while Nitrosomanas (10.4%), Candidatus Kuenenia (13.8%) and Truepera (2.8%) were detected as the functional bacteria for nitrogen removal, when treated the nitrogenous fertilizer wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Hongli Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Denghui Wei
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yali Song
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yongpeng Ma
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Tian M, Wang H, Li X, Li D, Zhou Z, Li B. Efficiency of hybrid systems enhanced with different sludge ratios in improving resistance to short-term low temperatures. J Environ Manage 2021; 297:113398. [PMID: 34346393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Complete autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) is used in wastewater treatment. However, the performance of the CANON system significantly decreases at low temperatures; thus, a new strategy to improve the resistance of the CANON system is required. To investigate the impact of sludge ratio control (high-granule, equivalent, and high-floc systems) on the resistance of CANON to low temperatures, and their recovery after restoring to normal temperature, the nitrogen removal performance of hybrid systems with different ratios was evaluated. The equivalent system had the lowest nitrite accumulation rate and highest nitrogen removal rate. Anaerobic ammonia oxidation was the rate-limiting step of each system, and hzs was the rate-limiting gene. The higher anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AAOB) abundance and hzs expression levels resulted in an equivalent system with better resistance and recovery to short-term low temperatures at the gene level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Tian
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Heng Wang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Dongqing Li
- Department of Microbiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical of Science, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Lyles School of Civil Engineering and Division of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, United States
| | - Bolin Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
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Liu W, Wang Q, Shen Y, Yang D. Enhancing the in-situ enrichment of anammox bacteria in aerobic granules to achieve high-rate CANON at low temperatures. Chemosphere 2021; 278:130395. [PMID: 33819889 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a high-rate CANON (Complete Autotrophic Nitrogen-removal Over Nitrite) process was started up successfully by enhancing the in-situ enrichment of anammox bacteria in aerobic granules at conditions relevant for mainstream wastewater treatment. Firstly, to provide nitrite for anammox bacteria growth efficient nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) repression was rapidly achieved and stably maintained. Both low dissolved oxygen (DO) and ammonium concentrations ratio (DO/NH4+ <0.15) and selective washing-out of NOB-preferred smaller particles at short hydraulic retention time (HRT, 25-15 min) contributed to the NOB repression. Then the stepwise down-regulating DO concentrations from 2.8 to 1.2 mg/L enhanced the enrichment of anammox bacteria in the aerobic granules. The enriched anammox species was dominated by Ca. Brocadia sapporoensis with the estimated growth rate of 0.008-0.013 d-1 at 15 °C. Chloroflexi and Chlorobi-affiliated bacteria were also significantly enriched in the granules, which may benefit the anammox bacteria activity and growth. At the end of this study, the average total nitrogen removal rate and efficiency of the granular CANON process respectively reached 1.26 kg N·m-3·d-1 and 68% treating low-strength ammonium (∼50 mg N·L-1) wastewater under such aggressive conditions (DO = 0.8-1.5 mg/L, HRT< 1.0 h, and T = 15 °C). Overall, the aerobic granules provided a habitable niche for the proliferation and almost complete retention of the anammox bacteria. This study provides a roadmap for in-situ starting up of high-rate CANON process for mainstream wastewater treatment with aerobic granules as inoculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenru Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Yaoliang Shen
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Dianhai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
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Wang H, Li B, Li Y, Chen X, Li X, Xia K, Wang Y. Sludge ratio affects the start-up performance and functional bacteria distribution of a hybrid CANON system. Chemosphere 2021; 264:128476. [PMID: 33070062 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of sludge ratio on the hybrid CANON system, autotrophic nitrogen removal sludge was inoculated with different granule/floc ratios to initiate the CANON system, and maintained the sludge ratio during the operation process. The start-up performances were compared, and the distribution characteristics of functional bacteria were investigated. The results show that the Equivalent system (granules:flocs = 1:1-1:1.5) successfully started-up on day 19, and the nitrogen removal rate (NRR) reached 0.299 kgN m-3·d-1 on day 63. At the same time, it was less affected by the load shock than High-granules and High-flocs systems. Therefore, the Equivalent system had the strongest start-up performance. The activities of the functional bacteria conformed to spatial heterogeneity, unlike the abundance. With the increased floc proportion, the difference in the activity and abundance of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AAOB) between the granules and flocs increased, while there was a decrease in the difference in aerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). However, the abundance of Nitrosomonas in the granules was higher than in the flocs when the proportion of flocs was higher than 50%. This study provides new ideas and insights for the fast start-up of the CANON system and can conform to the varying needs of engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Bolin Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| | - Ye Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoguo Chen
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Kai Xia
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
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12
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Zhang X, Wang C, Wu P, Yin W, Xu L. New insights on biological nutrient removal by coupling biofilm-based CANON and denitrifying phosphorus removal (CANDPR) process: Long-term stability assessment and microbial community evolution. Sci Total Environ 2020; 730:138952. [PMID: 32388374 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
It was difficult to obtain a stable and efficient biological nutrient removal for high-strength wastewater treatment, the possibility of exploiting innovative CANDPR process, integrating biofilm-based completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) with denitrifying phosphorus removal (DPR) was evaluated to resolve the difficulty. Results revealed that the excellent NH4+-N, PO43--P and COD removal efficiencies of 96%, 96% and 91%, were achieved respectively under a high nitrogen loading rate (0.79 kg·m-3·d-1) without adding organic matters during 320 days operation. Promoting NOx--N recirculation demonstrated as an efficient strategy for further nutrient depletion, facilitating the enhanced NO3--N removal to 100% with the considerably high P-uptake performance. Batch tests confirmed that denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organisms (DPAOs) using NO3--N as electron acceptors accounting for 68% in total PAOs. Dechloromonas was identified as dominating genus in DPR, while Nitrosomonas (1.31%), Candidatus_Kuenenia (5.53%) and Candidatus_Brocadia (1.77%) contributed to the desirable nitrogen removal, indicating that cooperative consortia of DPAOs, AOB and AnAOB were harvested during long-term operation. The CANDPR process was verified to be energy-saving and treatment-reliable for renovating of existing plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1 Kerui Road, 215009 Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaochao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1 Kerui Road, 215009 Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1 Kerui Road, 215009 Suzhou, People's Republic of China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, No. 1 Kerui Road, 215009 Suzhou, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, No. 1 Kerui Road, 215009 Suzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen Yin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1 Kerui Road, 215009 Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lezhong Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1 Kerui Road, 215009 Suzhou, People's Republic of China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, No. 1 Kerui Road, 215009 Suzhou, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, No. 1 Kerui Road, 215009 Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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Fang F, Li H, Jiang X, Deng X, Yan P, Guo J, Chen Y, Yang J. Significant N 2O emission from a high rate granular reactor for completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite. J Environ Manage 2020; 266:110586. [PMID: 32392139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactors were rarely applied for complete ammonium removal over nitrite. In this study, a high ammonium loading rate of 3677 mg N/L/d was achieved in an EGSB reactor. Approximately 5.5-8.5% of influent ammonium was converted to nitrous oxide (N2O) that is a potent greenhouse gas. Moreover, the percentage increased linearly with the increase in ammonium load. A model well matched the reactor dynamics. The model indicated that hydroxylamine (NH2OH) oxidation contributed to over 40% of produced N2O, and denitrification by ammonium oxidizing bacteria contributed to N2O emission significantly. Furthermore, the model suggests that a low oxygen concentration can result in a low N2O emission at the cost of a slightly low ammonium removal rate while influent organic matter play a minor role in reducing N2O emission. This study shows that EGSB reactors are effective in ammonium removal. In addition, the emission of N2O is significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Hanxiang Li
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiongwen Deng
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Yan
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinsong Guo
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Youpeng Chen
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jixiang Yang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China.
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14
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Li B, Wang Y, Li X, Zhang Z, Wang H, Li Y, Wu L, Li J. Comparing the nitrogen removal performance and microbial communities of flocs-granules hybrid and granule-based CANON systems. Sci Total Environ 2020; 703:134949. [PMID: 31740059 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Flocs and granules tend to coexist in a single reactor. Granules can improve microbial retention capacity, however, the role of flocs in the CANON reactor remains unclear. The changes in the nitrogen removal performance and microbial communities between flocs-granules hybrid and granule-based systems were studied in this experiment. With a reduction in the flocs ratio (35% → 10%), the nitrogen removal performance deteriorated. The average nitrogen removal efficiency and rate dropped from 81.4% to 67.2% and from 0.225 to 0.174 kg/(m3·d), respectively. The contribution of heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria decreased from 13.5% to 1%, leading to changes in the nitrogen removal pathways between the systems. Furthermore, the activities of anaerobic and aerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria declined dramatically, which weakened the nitrogen removal performance. Thus, the hybrid system with a flocs ratio near 35% is recommended for use in a CANON reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- College of Environmental and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Heng Wang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Ye Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Li Wu
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jiangtao Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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15
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Yan P, Li K, Guo JS, Zhu SX, Wang ZK, Fang F. Toward N 2O emission reduction in a single-stage CANON coupled with denitrification: Investigation on nitrite simultaneous production and consumption and nitrogen transformation. Chemosphere 2019; 228:485-494. [PMID: 31051351 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A dynamic analysis approach for determining nitrite production and consumption rates was established to systematically investigate the characteristics of nitrogen transformation and N2O emission of the completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process coupled with denitrification using a sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR). The results indicate that anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria was not inhibited significantly by low C/N ratios. There were no obvious differences in the nitrite production rate, nitrite consumption rate or nitrogen removal among reactors operated with C/N ratios of 0, 0.67 and 1.00, which suggested that the certain carbon source did not significantly affect the nitrite conversion and nitrogen removal in the process. More than 60% of total N2O emission is generated during the initial phase of each period in the SBBR. More than 94.5% of N2O was generated by NO2--N consumption via denitrification in the process. Interestingly, total N2O production drops by 16.7%, when the C/N ratio increases from 0 to 1. This phenomenon may be caused by the inhibition of N2O production via AOB denitrification. Therefore, an appropriate carbon source (C/N = 1.00) has the beneficial effect of reducing N2O emission by CANON coupled with denitrification. The results of this study provide an important empirical foundation for the mitigation of N2O emission in the CANON process coupled with denitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, No. 174, Shazhen Street, Chongqing, 400045, China.
| | - Kai Li
- College of Eco-environment Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Huaxi District, Guiyang City, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Jin-Song Guo
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, No. 174, Shazhen Street, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Si-Xi Zhu
- College of Eco-environment Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Huaxi District, Guiyang City, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Zhi-Kang Wang
- College of Eco-environment Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Huaxi District, Guiyang City, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, No. 174, Shazhen Street, Chongqing, 400045, China.
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16
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Li D, Cui YQ, Zhao SX, Liu ZC, Zhang J. [Pre-precipitation of Sewage-SNAD Granular Sludge Process Test]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2019; 40:1871-1877. [PMID: 31087931 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201807227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Using artificial water, the simultaneous partial nitrification, ANAMMOX (anaerobic ammonium oxidation), and denitrification (SNAD) granular sludge process was started in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR), and then the ammonia concentration in the influent was reduced gradually. After stable operation for a period of time under the low ammonia concentration, sewage treated by a pre-precipitation process was used as a substrate to investigate the performance and stability of the SNAD granular sludge process. The results show that after the SNAD process was successfully started, the ammonia removal rate was greater than 98%, and total the nitrogen removal rate was about 89%. As the influent ammonia concentration decreased, the nitride-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) activity was increased and the total nitrogen removal rate gradually decreased to 75%. When the pre-precipitated domestic sewage (NH4+-N 52-63 mg·L-1, COD 99-123 mg·L-1) was used as the inflow, the average effluent removal rate of the total effluent was 73.2%, the effluent COD concentration was below 35 mg·L-1, and the maximum effluent ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen concentration were 0.7 mg·L-1 and 12.8 mg·L-1. The ammonia and total nitrogen concentration in the continuous 30 day effluent reached the 1A level of the integrated discharge standard of water pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment, indicating that the removal of organics and nitrogen from domestic sewage was achieved efficiently and synchronously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Ya-Qian Cui
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shi-Xun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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17
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Augusto MR, Camiloti PR, Souza TSOD. Fast start-up of the single-stage nitrogen removal using anammox and partial nitritation (SNAP) from conventional activated sludge in a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor. Bioresour Technol 2018; 266:151-157. [PMID: 29960245 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The single-stage nitrogen removal using anammox and partial nitritation (SNAP) is a promising alternative for low-cost ammonium removal from wastewaters. This study aimed to evaluate the anammox biomass enrichment and SNAP process start-up in a laboratory-scale membrane-aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) at nitrogen loading rates of 50 g N.m-3.d-1 (period 1) and 100 g N.m-3.d-1 (period 2). Anammox activity was observed after 48 days, and the SNAP process was stable after 80 days. In period 1, the average total nitrogen (TN) removal was 78 ± 6%, and the maximum removal was 84%. In period 2, the average TN removal was 61 ± 5%, and the maximum was 69%. Higher dissolved oxygen levels may have caused imbalances in the microbial community in period 2, decreasing the reactor performance. These results demonstrated the potential of the MABR for the fast implementation of the single-stage partial nitritation and anammox processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Ribeiro Augusto
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Prof. Almeida Prado, 83 Travessa 2, Butantã, 05.508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Rosseto Camiloti
- Biological Processes Laboratory, Center for Research, Development and Innovation in Environmental Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of São Paulo (USP), Engenharia Ambiental-Bloco 4-F, Av. João Dagnone, 1100, Santa Angelina, 13.563-120 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Theo Syrto Octavio de Souza
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Prof. Almeida Prado, 83 Travessa 2, Butantã, 05.508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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18
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Yue X, Yu G, Liu Z, Tang J, Liu J. Fast start-up of the CANON process with a SABF and the effects of pH and temperature on nitrogen removal and microbial activity. Bioresour Technol 2018; 254:157-165. [PMID: 29413917 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The long start-up time of the completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process is one of the main disadvantages of this system. In this paper, the CANON process with a submerged aerated biological filter (SABF) was rapidly started up within 26 days. It gave an average ammonium nitrogen removal rate (ANR) and a total nitrogen removal rate (TNR) of 94.2% and 81.3%, respectively. The phyla Proteobacteria and Planctomycetes were confirmed as the ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria (AnAOB). The genus Candidatus Brocadia was the major contributor of nitrogen removal. pH and temperature affect the performance of the CANON process. This experimental results showed that the optimum pH and temperature were 8.0 and 30 °C, respectively, which gave the highest average ANR and TNR values of 94.6% and 85.1%, respectively. This research could promote the nitrogen removal ability of CANON process in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Yue
- Shenyang Institute of Automation in Guangzhou, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China.
| | - Guangping Yu
- Shenyang Institute of Automation in Guangzhou, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Zhuhan Liu
- Shenyang Institute of Automation in Guangzhou, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Jiali Tang
- Shenyang Institute of Automation in Guangzhou, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Shenyang Institute of Automation in Guangzhou, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China
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Li D, Wang YJ, Lü YF, Cao RH, Li S, Zhang J. [Effect of Organic Carbon Source on Start-up and Operation of the CANON Granular Sludge Process]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2018; 39:1294-1300. [PMID: 29965476 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201707133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The effect of organic carbon on the start-up and operation of the CANON granular sludge process was investigated in two SBR reactors with different strategies:gradually increased organic carbon concentration (R1) and without organic carbon (R2). The results showed that adding 50 mg·L-1 organic carbon accelerated the start-up of the CANON granular sludge process. R1 and R2 were started up in 23 d and 32 d, respectively. Moreover, the appropriate organic carbon enhanced the activity of AOB, AnAOB, and denitrification, increasing the ammonia removal rates and total nitrogen (TN) removal rates. The maximum ammonia removal rates and total nitrogen removal rates of R1 were 92% and 88%, respectively. The maximum ammonia removal rates and total nitrogen removal rates of R2 were 89% and 80%, respectively. Further tests showed that excessive organic carbon concentration decreased the activity of AOB and AnAOB and reduced the removal efficiency of ammonia and total nitrogen. Adding organic carbon promoted denitrification activity and increased nitrogen removal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yan-Ju Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yu-Feng Lü
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Rui-Hua Cao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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20
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Li D, Cao RH, Yang H, Wang YJ, Lü SS, Zhang J. [Start-up and Operation of Biofilter Coupled Nitrification and CANON for the Removal of Iron, Manganese and Ammonia Nitrogen]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2018; 39:1264-1271. [PMID: 29965472 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201708020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A pilot-scale bio-filter coupled nitrification and CANON was started up to remove iron, manganese and ammonia nitrogen from groundwater in a plant, and the main removal route of ammonia nitrogen was analyzed. The experiment showed that the bio-filter could be started up successfully and achieved stable operation after 164 days of culture development. The value of △NH4+-N/△NO3--N was 1.49, and the oxidation and removal of Fe(Ⅱ), Mn(Ⅱ), and NH4+-N were (9.87±1.17), (2.25±0.06), and (1.51±0.06) mg·L-1, respectively. The calculation based on the quantitative relationship between nitrogen conservation and dissolved oxygen (DO) measurement indicated that the contribution of CANON to NH4+-N removal was 33.48%-38.87%, and the average ratio of ammonia nitrogen removal amount to DO was 1:3.79-1:3.94. The removal ratio of ammonia nitrogen was lower with lower temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Rui-Hua Cao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yan-Ju Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Sai-Sai Lü
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Zhang X, Zhou Y, Ma Y, Zhang N, Zhao S, Zhang R, Zhang J, Zhang H. Effect of inorganic carbon concentration on the stability and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria community structure of the CANON process in a membrane bioreactor. Environ Technol 2018; 39:457-463. [PMID: 28327080 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1302996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process, the nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) should be effectively suppressed or thoroughly washed out. In this study, the nitrate production and the structure of NOB community under different inorganic carbon (IC) concentrations were investigated using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) in a membrane bioreactor (MBR). Results showed that IC decrease correspondingly lowered the nitrogen removal, and simultaneously induced the nitrate production by NOB. DGGE results indicated the IC deficit led to the biodiversity increasing of both Nitrobacter-like NOB and Nitrospira-like NOB. An equation fitted between the ratio of nitrate production to ammonia consumption ([Formula: see text]) and the ratio of influent IC to ammonia concentration ([Formula: see text]) indicated the influent [Formula: see text] should be controlled between 1.6 and 2.3 to ensure the stable operation of the CANON process. A small amount addition of organic material could be used as an effective strategy to suppress NOB when the [Formula: see text] ratio was not appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhang
- a Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhou
- a Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Yongpeng Ma
- a Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Zhang
- a Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Zhao
- a Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- a Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- a Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- a Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou , People's Republic of China
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Yue X, Liu ZH, Yu GP, Ji SM, Tang JL. [Fast Start-up and Performance of the CANON Process Based on a SBAF Systemand Evolution Properties of Microorganisms]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2017; 38:5192-5200. [PMID: 29964581 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201704255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The CANON process has the disadvantages of long start-up periods and unstable operation. In the SBAF system, under strictly controlled conditions of dissolved oxygen (DO) and temperature, a CANON process is started up in 51 days and is operated stably for 278 days using a new method of independent research and development. The results show that the maximum and average ARR are 98.9% and 95.1%, respectively. The maximum and average TNR are 85.9% and 75.1%, respectively. Furthermore, a small quantity of nitratenitrogen exists in this system. The microbial structure features of the sludge are analyzed by 16S rDNA macro high-throughput genome sequencing. It is verified that Proteobacteria is the main microorganism in the AOB, and Planctomycete Candidatus Brocadia is the main microorganism in the AnAOB. Both of them collaborate on total nitrogen removal in the CANON process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Yue
- Shenyang Institute of Automation in Guangzhou, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Zhu-Han Liu
- Shenyang Institute of Automation in Guangzhou, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Guang-Ping Yu
- Shenyang Institute of Automation in Guangzhou, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Shi-Ming Ji
- Shenyang Institute of Automation in Guangzhou, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Jia-Li Tang
- Shenyang Institute of Automation in Guangzhou, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China
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Li D, Zhao SX, Wang JA, Zhu JF, Guan HW, Zhang J. [Laboratory-scale CANON Processes Applied to Wastewater Treatment Plants]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2017; 38:4673-4678. [PMID: 29965412 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201705064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A laboratory-scale completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process was operated in a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Sewage effluent treated by the anaerobic/oxic (A/O) process and was used to operate a WWTP to obtain the initial substance for the start-up of a CANON filter reactor. On the 48th day, the ammonia removal rate was measured at greater than 90% in successive 10 d samples and the nitrogen removal rate was greater than 70%. The CANON filter was successful at start up. From the 49th to the 129th day, the dissolved oxygen in the reactor was maintained at fairly low concentration of 0.2-0.5 mg·L-1. The effluent contained nearly no ammonia and the maximum total nitrogen (TN) concentration was 15.6 mg·L-1, which exceeded the national Class 1A Discharge Standards for pollutants from municipal wastewater treatment plants. Nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) proliferated excessively in the reactor. Backwash was implemented on 129th, 169th and 213th days. The nitrogen removal rate was more than 70% for a long time and TN concentration in effluent was below 12 mg·L-1. The nitrogen concentration in effluent fitted the national Class 1A Discharge Standards and the NOB were effectively inhibited. These results show that backwash has negligible on the structure of filter and its impact on the thickness of the bio-membrane and its functional bacteria was small, however, it is capable of effectively inhibiting the activity of the NOB. Periodically backwashing can be utilized as an engineering application to maintain stable operation of the CANON process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shi-Xun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jun-An Wang
- Technology Research and Development Center, Beijing Sander Environmental Group, Beijing 101102, China
| | - Jin-Feng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hong-Wei Guan
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.,State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Zhang X, Zhang N, Fu H, Chen T, Liu S, Zheng S, Zhang J. Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on nitrogen removal, microbial activity and microbial community of CANON process in a membrane bioreactor. Bioresour Technol 2017; 243:93-99. [PMID: 28668561 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a membrane bioreactor (MBR) was adopted for completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was step-wise increased to analyze the influence on nitrogen removal, microbial activity and microbial communities. Finally ZnO NPs was removed to study its recovery capability. The bioactivities of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AAOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) were detected by batch experiments. Results showed that the ZnO NPs with low concentration (≤5mgL-1) was profitable for nitrogen removal while the high concentration performed inhibition, and it lowered the abundance of both AOB and NOB while enhanced that of AAOB. ZnO NPs with high concentration (≥10mgL-1) suppressed both AOB and AAOB, and long-term exposure within ZnO NPs led to microbial diversity decrease. The inhibition threshold of ZnO NPs on CANON process was 10mgL-1, and the profitable concentration was 1mgL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Haoqiang Fu
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Sa Liu
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shuhua Zheng
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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Wang C, Liu S, Xu X, Zhao C, Yang F, Wang D. Potential coupling effects of ammonia-oxidizing and anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria on completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite biofilm formation induced by the second messenger cyclic diguanylate. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:3821-3828. [PMID: 28078398 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7981-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) on the coupling effects between ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria for the completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) biofilm formation in a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR). Analysis of the quantity of EPS and cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) confirmed that the contents of polysaccharides and c-di-GMP were correlated in the AOB sludge, anammox sludge, and CANON biofilm. The anammox sludge secreted more EPS (especially polysaccharides) than AOB with a markedly higher c-di-GMP content, which could be used by the bacteria to regulate the synthesis of exopolysaccharides that are ultimately used as a fixation matrix, for the adhesion of biomass. Indeed, increased intracellular c-di-GMP concentrations in the anammox sludge enhanced the regulation of polysaccharides to promote the adhesion of AOB and formation of the CANON biofilm. Overall, the results of this study provide new comprehensive information regarding the coupling effects of AOB and anammox bacteria for the nitrogen removal process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environment Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Sitong Liu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaochen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environment Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Chuanqi Zhao
- Key Lab of Eco-restoration of Regional Contaminated Environment, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang, 110044, China
| | - Fenglin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environment Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environment Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China
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Liu ZH, Yue X, Yu GP, Jin LH, Tang JL, Ji SM. [Fast Start-up of SBAF System Assisted CANON Process and the Microbial Analysis]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2017; 38:253-259. [PMID: 29965054 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201607085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Long period start-up is one of the main restraining factors of the single-stage completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process.This study investigated the fast start-up of the CANON process initiated by a submerged biological aerated filter (SBAF) method.With conventional activated sludge from the secondary sedimentation tank of municipal waste water treatment plants as the seed sludge,the CANON process was successfully started up after the acclimation of sludge microorganisms for 48 days under the experimental conditions of (30±2)℃,organic carbon free and controlled dissolved oxygen (stage Ⅰ:0.3-0.5mg·L-1;stage Ⅱ-Ⅳ:0.1-0.2mg·L-1),with the maximum removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen achieved at 99.9% and 86.5%,respectively.The population structure characteristics of microorganisms in the system were studied using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA amplicon.The results demonstrated that the two dominant microbial strains in the system were Proteobacteria and Planctomycetes,accounting for 26.6% and 17.8%,respectively.The major contributors of nitrogen removal were Nitrosomonas in β-Proteobacteria and Candidatus brocadia in Brocadiae.Through the above experiments,it was revealed that the investigated SBAF based CANON possesses had the advantages of fast start-up,efficient biological nitrogen removal and stable operation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Han Liu
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiu Yue
- Shenyang Institute of Automation in Guangzhou, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Guang-Ping Yu
- Shenyang Institute of Automation in Guangzhou, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - La-Hua Jin
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jia-Li Tang
- Shenyang Institute of Automation in Guangzhou, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Shi-Ming Ji
- Shenyang Institute of Automation in Guangzhou, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China
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27
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Fu KM, Wang HF, Su XY, Zhou HT. [Effect of Initial pH on Nitrogen Removal Performance and N 2O Emission of a Sequencing Batch CANON Reactor]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2016; 37:4261-4267. [PMID: 29964679 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201604221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) reactor with haydite as carrier was operated in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor. The effect of different initial pH on nitrogen removal performance and N2O emission was investigated using synthetic inorganic ammonia-rich wastewater as influent at 30℃±1℃. During the experiment, the pH of influent was controlled at 6.64, 6.98, 7.15, 7.88 and 7.95 under the same influent ammonia concentration condition, with hydraulic retention time of 5 hours and aeration rate of 6 m3·(m3·h)-1. The results showed that, when the initial pH was between 6.64 and 7.95, the performance of autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite was basically stable. The total nitrogen removal efficiencies were 81.38%, 87.32%, 92.12%, 88.21% and 86.84%, respectively. And the total nitrogen removal loads were all higher than 1.56 kg·(m3·d)-1. Initial N2O emission rates were basically equal and decreased after rising to a peak value. Besides, the lower the initial pH was, the higher the maximum N2O emission rate was. In addition, N2O emissions and ratios decreased with rising initial pH. Initial pH between 6.64 and 7.95 had little influence on nitrogen removal but N2O emissions. Initial pH should be kept at about 7.90 to achieve high efficient nitrogen removal and reduction of N2O emission synchronously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ming Fu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Storm Water System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Hui-Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Storm Water System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xue-Ying Su
- Key Laboratory of Urban Storm Water System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Hou-Tian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Urban Storm Water System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
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28
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Alejo-Alvarez L, Guzmán-Fierro V, Fernández K, Roeckel M. Technical and economical optimization of a full-scale poultry manure treatment process: total ammonia nitrogen balance. Environ Technol 2016; 37:2865-2878. [PMID: 27020478 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1167963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A full-scale process for the treatment of 80 tons per day of poultry manure was designed and optimized. A total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) balance was performed at steady state, considering the stoichiometry and the kinetic data from the anaerobic digestion and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation. The equipment, reactor design, investment costs, and operational costs were considered. The volume and cost objective functions optimized the process in terms of three variables: the water recycle ratio, the protein conversion during AD, and the TAN conversion in the process. The processes were compared with and without water recycle; savings of 70% and 43% in the annual fresh water consumption and the heating costs, respectively, were achieved. The optimal process complies with the Chilean environmental legislation limit of 0.05 g total nitrogen/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Alejo-Alvarez
- a Departamento de Ingeniería Química , Universidad de Concepción , Concepción , Chile
| | - Víctor Guzmán-Fierro
- a Departamento de Ingeniería Química , Universidad de Concepción , Concepción , Chile
| | - Katherina Fernández
- a Departamento de Ingeniería Química , Universidad de Concepción , Concepción , Chile
| | - Marlene Roeckel
- a Departamento de Ingeniería Química , Universidad de Concepción , Concepción , Chile
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29
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Zhang X, Yu B, Zhang N, Zhang H, Wang C, Zhang H. Effect of inorganic carbon on nitrogen removal and microbial communities of CANON process in a membrane bioreactor. Bioresour Technol 2016; 202:113-118. [PMID: 26706724 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.11.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a membrane bioreactor (MBR) was adopted for completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process. Inorganic carbon (IC) was step-wise decreased to analyze the IC influence on nitrogen removal and microbial communities, finally IC was elevated to study its recovery capability. The bioactivities of functional organisms were detected by batch experiments. Results showed that the bioactivity and biodiversity of aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AAOB) both decreased due to the IC shortage, while nitrite-oxidizing bacteria bioactivity showed a contrary result. When the concentration ratio of IC to nitrogen (IC/N) decreased to 1.0, the nitrogen removal sharply deteriorated, which then recovered when the ratio increased to 2.5. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis results showed that Nitrosomonas sp. of AOB and Candidatus Brocadia fulgida of AAOB could survive in the condition of IC deficit. The prominent IC/N ratio for high-rate and stable CANON was between 1.5-2.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 166, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Boyang Yu
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 166, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 166, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Haojing Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 166, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chaonan Wang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 166, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 166, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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Zhang X, Li D, Liang Y, Zhang J. Reactor performance and microbial characteristics of CANON process with step-wise increasing of C/N ratio. Environ Technol 2015; 37:407-414. [PMID: 26227374 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2015.1070921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the nitrogen removal performance and microbial characteristics of completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process was investigated with a step-wise increasing of C/N ratio (0.5, 1, 2 and 4) in a membrane bioreactor. The microbial distribution of aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anaerobic AOB (AAOB) was analysed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Results showed that the denitrification ratio rose up correspondingly with the increase of influent C/N, and nitrogen removal rate (NRR) reached the maximum when C/N was 1 due to the harmonious work of denitrification and CANON. However, NRR decreased when influent C/N was more than 2. The threshold C/N ratio of CANON process was 2.2; so the sewage with a high C/N ratio should be pretreated by combining with pre-oxidation of organics or anaerobic-energy-producing process. FISH results showed decreasing numbers of both AOB and AAOB with the addition of organics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhang
- a Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration , School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- b Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhai Liang
- b Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- b Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , People's Republic of China
- c State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090 , People's Republic of China
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Zhang X, Zhang H, Ye C, Wei M, Du J. Effect of COD/N ratio on nitrogen removal and microbial communities of CANON process in membrane bioreactors. Bioresour Technol 2015; 189:302-308. [PMID: 25898093 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of COD/N ratio on completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process was investigated in five identical membrane bioreactors. The five reactors were simultaneously seeded for 1L CANON sludge and be operated for more than two months under same conditions, with influent COD/N ratio of 0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4, respectively. DGGE was used to analyze the microbial communities of aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AAOB) in five reactors. Results revealed the harmonious work of CANON and denitrification with low COD concentration, whereas too high COD concentration suppressed both AOB and AAOB. AOB and AAOB biodiversity both decreased with COD increasing, which then led to worse nitrogen removal. The suppressing threshold of COD/N ratio for CANON was 1.7. CANON was feasible for treating low COD/N sewage, while the high sewage should be converted by anaerobic biogas producing process in advance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Changming Ye
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mingbao Wei
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jingjing Du
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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32
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Varas R, Guzmán-Fierro V, Giustinianovich E, Behar J, Fernández K, Roeckel M. Startup and oxygen concentration effects in a continuous granular mixed flow autotrophic nitrogen removal reactor. Bioresour Technol 2015; 190:345-351. [PMID: 25965951 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The startup and performance of the completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process was tested in a continuously fed granular bubble column reactor (BCR) with two different aeration strategies: controlling the oxygen volumetric flow and oxygen concentration. During the startup with the control of oxygen volumetric flow, the air volume was adjusted to 60mL/h and the CANON reactor had volumetric N loadings ranging from 7.35 to 100.90mgN/Ld with 36-71% total nitrogen removal and high instability. In the second stage, the reactor was operated at oxygen concentrations of 0.6, 0.4 and 0.2mg/L. The best condition was 0.2 mgO2/L with a total nitrogen removal of 75.36% with a CANON reactor activity of 0.1149gN/gVVSd and high stability. The feasibility and effectiveness of CANON processes with oxygen control was demonstrated, showing an alternative design tool for efficiently removing nitrogen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Varas
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160 C Correo 3, Concepción, Chile
| | - Víctor Guzmán-Fierro
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160 C Correo 3, Concepción, Chile
| | - Elisa Giustinianovich
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160 C Correo 3, Concepción, Chile
| | - Jack Behar
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160 C Correo 3, Concepción, Chile
| | - Katherina Fernández
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160 C Correo 3, Concepción, Chile
| | - Marlene Roeckel
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160 C Correo 3, Concepción, Chile.
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Liang Y, Li D, Zhang X, Zeng H, Zhang J. Performance and influence factors of completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite ( CANON) process in a biofilter packed with volcanic rocks. Environ Technol 2015; 36:946-952. [PMID: 25253448 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2014.969327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process was considered as one of the most efficient and economical nitrogen removal processes, which was suitable for treating wastewater with low ratio of carbon to nitrogen. In this study, an enlarging start-up strategy for CANON process was proposed, and a 40-L CANON reactor was successfully started by seeding 2-L mature biofilm containing both aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AerAOB) and anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB). The effects of dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonia loading rate and the ratio of air inflow to water inflow (Qair/Qwater) on nitrogen removal performance were investigated. The distribution of AerAOB and AnAOB was analysed using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique. The system reached a maximum NRR of 3.11 kg N m(-3) d(-1) with a removal efficiency of 89.5%, and the average value in steady state was 2.42±0.26 and (83.07 ± 6.89)%, respectively. Analysis of influence factors showed the important role of high DO (around 5 mg L(-1)), for the high-rate nitrogen removal, and the Qair/Qwater should be controlled at 28-40 for stable operation. FISH results suggested that AerAOB and AnAOB predominated in the reactor, with proportions of 46.8% and 39.3%, respectively. This study demonstrated that the biofilter operated with high effluent DO was a feasible setup for CANON process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhai Liang
- a Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , People's Republic of China
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34
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Liang Y, Li D, Zhang X, Zeng H, Yang Z, Cui S, Zhang J. Stability and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria community structure in different high-rate CANON reactors. Bioresour Technol 2015; 175:189-194. [PMID: 25459821 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.10.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process, the bioactivity of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) should be effectively inhibited. In this study, the stability of four high-rate CANON reactors and the effect of free ammonia (FA) and organic material on NOB community structure were investigated using DGGE. Results suggested that with the increasing of FA, the ratio of total nitrogen removal to nitrate production went up gradually, while the biodiversity of Nitrobacter-like NOB and Nitrospira-like NOB both decreased. When the CANON reactor was transformed to simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) reactor by introducing organic material, the denitrifiers and aerobic heterotrophic bacteria would compete nitrite or oxygen with NOB, which then led to the biodiversity decreasing of both Nitrobacter-like NOB and Nitrospira-like NOB. The distribution of Nitrobacter-like NOB and Nitrospira-like NOB were evaluated, and finally effective strategies for suppressing NOB in CANON reactors were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhai Liang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Huiping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Zhuo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shaoming Cui
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Liang Y, Li D, Zhang X, Zeng H, Yang Z, Cui S, Zhang J. Nitrogen removal and microbial characteristics in CANON biofilters fed with different ammonia levels. Bioresour Technol 2014; 171:168-174. [PMID: 25194266 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The nitrogen removal performance and microbial characteristics of four completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) biofilters were investigated. These four reactors were simultaneously seeded from a stable CANON biofilter with a seeding ratio of 1:1, which were fed with different ammonia levels. Results suggested that with the ammonia of 200-400 mg L(-1), aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AerAOB) and anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) could perform harmonious work. The bioactivity and population of the two groups of bacteria were both high, which then resulted in excellent nitrogen removal, while too low or too high ammonia would both lead to worse performance. When ammonia was too high, the bioactivity, biodiversity and population of AerAOB all decreased and then resulted in the lowest nitrogen removal. Nitrosomonas and Candidatus Brocadia were detected as predominant functional microbes in all the four reactors. Finally, strategies for treating sewage with different ammonia levels were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhai Liang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Huiping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Zhuo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shaoming Cui
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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36
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Liang Y, Li D, Zhang X, Zeng H, Yang Z, Zhang J. Microbial characteristics and nitrogen removal of simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) process treating low C/N ratio sewage. Bioresour Technol 2014; 169:103-109. [PMID: 25036337 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 06/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) process was successfully realized for treating low C/N ratio sewage, nitrogen and COD removal achieved to 3.26 kg m(-3) d(-1), 81%, respectively. The nitrogen removal performance, microbial community and distribution of the functional microorganisms were investigated. Results suggested that the presence of COD performed activity inhibition on both aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AerAOB) and anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB), and led to the number decreasing of both AerAOB and AnAOB. Even though COD presence resulted in the biodiversity increasing of AerAOB and decreasing of AnAOB, the dominant species were always Nitrosomonas and Candidatus brocadia during the whole experiment. Clone-sequencing of 16S rRNA results suggested the emergence of five different denitrifying species, which then led to a higher nitrogen removal. Results in this study demonstrated that the applied start-up strategy was feasible for SNAD process treating low C/N ratio sewage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhai Liang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Huiping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Zhuo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Rodriguez-Garcia G, Frison N, Vázquez-Padín JR, Hospido A, Garrido JM, Fatone F, Bolzonella D, Moreira MT, Feijoo G. Life cycle assessment of nutrient removal technologies for the treatment of anaerobic digestion supernatant and its integration in a wastewater treatment plant. Sci Total Environ 2014; 490:871-9. [PMID: 24908646 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The supernatant resulting from the anaerobic digestion of sludge generated by wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) is an attractive flow for technologies such as partial nitritation-anammox (CANON), nitrite shortcut (NSC) and struvite crystallization processes (SCP). The high concentration of N and P and its low flow rate facilitate the removal of nutrients under more favorable conditions than in the main water line. Despite their operational and economic benefits, the environmental burdens of these technologies also need to be assessed to prove their feasibility under a more holistic perspective. The potential environmental implications of these technologies were assessed using life cycle assessment, first at pilot plant scale, later integrating them in a modeled full WWTP. Pilot plant results reported a much lower environmental impact for N removal technologies than SCP. Full-scale modeling, however, highlighted that the differences between technologies were not relevant once they are integrated in a WWTP. The impacts associated with the WWTP are slightly reduced in all categories except for eutrophication, where a substantial reduction was achieved using NSC, SCP, and especially when CANON and SCP were combined. This study emphasizes the need for assessing wastewater treatment technologies as part of a WWTP rather than as individual processes and the utility of modeling tools for doing so.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rodriguez-Garcia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
| | - N Frison
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Santa Marta, Dorsoduro 2137, 30121 Venice, Italy.
| | - J R Vázquez-Padín
- Aqualia, R+D Department, EDAR Lagares, Avda. Ricardo Mella 180, 36213 Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
| | - A Hospido
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
| | - J M Garrido
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
| | - F Fatone
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, I-37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - D Bolzonella
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, I-37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - M T Moreira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
| | - G Feijoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
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Zhang X, Li D, Liang Y, He Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J. Autotrophic nitrogen removal from domestic sewage in MBR- CANON system and the biodiversity of functional microbes. Bioresour Technol 2013; 150:113-120. [PMID: 24157683 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Revised: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process for treating domestic sewage was investigated in membrane bioreactor (MBR), for which conventional activated sludge was seeded at ambient temperature. By gradually decreasing hydraulic retention time under the oxygen-limited condition, CANON was successfully started-up for 78 days. Finally the MBR-CANON system was adopted for treating domestic sewage, nitrogen and COD removal achieved to 0.97 kg m(-3) d(-1), 80%, respectively, with the effluent turbidity below 1.0 NTU. DGGE profiles showed a distinct community shift of the functional bacteria after seeded to the reactor, and phylogenetic results indicated the predominance of Nitrosomonas and Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis for nitrogen removal in the reactor. FISH results showed the predominance of aerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AerAOB) and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) in the system, both of whose proportion reduced when treated domestic sewage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Zhang X, Li D, Liang Y, Zeng H, He Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J. Performance and microbial community of completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite ( CANON) process in two membrane bioreactors (MBR) fed with different substrate levels. Bioresour Technol 2013; 152:185-191. [PMID: 24291319 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.10.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
To study the influence of substrate on completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process, two membrane bioreactors (MBR) with identical setup but fed with different substrate levels (R1 with low ammonia, R2 with high ammonia), were adopted in this study. The nitrogen removal performance, bioactivity, biodiversity and distribution of the functional microorganisms in two reactors were investigated. Both the aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AerAOB) and anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) in R2 showed higher bioactivity than those in R1, while nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) showed the contrary result. Nitrosomonas and Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis were detected as predominant functional microbes in the two reactors while Nitrobacter only existed in R1. High influent ammonia possibly led to the higher biodiversity of AerAOB and the more densely packed distribution. Meanwhile, this study has demonstrated the feasibility of increasing ammonia for rapid start-up, and decreasing HRT for high-rate nitrogen removal in CANON process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Yuhai Liang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Huiping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yongping He
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yulong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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Zhang X, Li D, Liang Y, Zhang Y, Fan D, Zhang J. Application of membrane bioreactor for completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite ( CANON) process. Chemosphere 2013; 93:2832-2838. [PMID: 24182401 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.09.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Revised: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A membrane bioreactor (MBR) was adopted for completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process at ambient temperature. CANON was rapidly started-up within around 50d under oxygen-limited condition. The average nitrogen removal rate reached to 0.70kgNm(-3)d(-1) with a removal efficiency of 88%. The ratio of air flow rate to volumetric ammonium loading rate should be maintained below 0.28Lairmin(-1)kg(-1)Nm(3)d for stable CANON. The feasibility of MBR for CANON process was proved in batch experiments. FISH results showed that aerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria predominated in the reactor sludge, whereas anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria predominated in the membrane biofilm. This study demonstrated that MBR was a suitable experimental setup for the operation of CANON process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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