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Zou M, Yin Y, Guo L, Zhang Q, Li J, Zhang H, Song Q, Li Z, Wang L, Ao X, Liang X. A Europium Nanosphere-Based Time-Resolved Fluorescent Immunochromatographic Assay for the Rapid Screening of 4,4'-Dinitrocarbanilide: Aiming at Improving Strip Method Performance. Biosensors (Basel) 2023; 13:bios13050518. [PMID: 37232878 DOI: 10.3390/bios13050518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Considering that the strip method is simple and convenient for users, a Europium nanosphere-based time-resolved fluorescent immunochromatographic assay (TRFICA) for the rapid screening of 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide (DNC) was developed to improve the performance of strip assays. After optimization, TRFICA showed IC50, the limit of detection, and cut-off values of 0.4, 0.07, and 5.0 ng mL-1, respectively. No significant cross-reactivity (CR < 0.1%) with 15 DNC analogs was observed in the developed method. TRFICA was validated for DNC detection in spiked chicken homogenates, and recoveries ranged from 77.3% to 92.7%, with coefficients of variation of <14.9%. Moreover, the time needed for the detection procedure, including the sample pre-treatment, was less than 30 min for TRFICA, which had never been achieved before in other immunoassays. The newly developed strip test is a rapid, sensitive, quantitative, and cost-effective on-site screening technique for DNC analysis in chicken muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yongkang Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Liuchuan Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Qidi Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jinyan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Qian Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Zhaojie Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, China
- Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
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Varnamkhasti TJ, Jafarzadeh M, Sadeghizadeh M, Aghili M. Radiosensitizing effect of dendrosomal nanoformulation of curcumin on cancer cells. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:718-735. [PMID: 35819593 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00383-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcumin was found to possess numerous pharmacological activities in clinical research, however, its biological effects together with radiation are yet to be addressed. The present study investigated whether the combined treatment of dendrosomal nanoformulation of curcumin (DNC) and gamma radiation can enhance the radiosensitivity of U87MG and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. METHODS U87MG and MDA-MB-231 cell lines were exposed to 2 Gray (Gy) and 10 μM DNC determined by MTT assay, then subjected to clonogenic assay, cell cycle assay, and flow cytometric apoptosis analysis. Acridine Orange/Ethidium Bromide (AO/EB) and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) stained cells were used to study morphologic changes. The expression evaluation of putative cell cycle genes, i.e., P53, P21, CCND1, and CCNB1 was carried out by RT-qPCR. RESULTS Our findings indicated that the combined treatment with DNC and radiation might cooperatively augment the efficacy of ionizing radiation in the cancer cells and notably decrease the survival and viability of the cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. In addition to a synergistic effect deducted by sensitizer enhancement ratio (SER) assessment, co-treatment resulted in greater apoptotic cells than the individual treatments. Further experiments then indicated that DNC could effectively induce G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis following irradiation. Conformably, there was a decrement of CCND1 and CCNB1 expression, and an increment of P53, P21 expression. CONCLUSIONS The data implied that DNC as a radiosensitizer can enhance the lethal effect of ionizing radiation on cancer cells which could be a promising adjuvant therapy in clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Jalali Varnamkhasti
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meisam Jafarzadeh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Sadeghizadeh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-154, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Aghili
- Radiation Oncology Research Center, Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-158, Tehran, Iran.
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Lu M, Wei W, Xu W, Polyakov NE, Dushkin AV, Su W. Preparation of DNC Solid Dispersion by a Mechanochemical Method with Glycyrrhizic Acid and Polyvinylpyrrolidone to Enhance Bioavailability and Activity. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:2037. [PMID: 35631919 DOI: 10.3390/polym14102037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
To exploit aqueous-soluble formulation and improve the anticoccidial activity of 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide (DNC, active component of nicarbazin), this paper prepared DNC/GA/PVP K30 solid dispersion (SD) with glycyrrhizic acid (GA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K30 by a mechanical ball milling method without using any organic solvent. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy were used for the solid state characterization. High performance liquid chromatography, critical micelle concentration, particle characterization, and transmission electron microscopy were used to evaluate the behavior in aqueous solution. In addition, the oral bioavailability, tissue distribution, and anticoccidial activity of DNC/GA/PVP K30 SD were investigated as well. Compared with free drug, the novel formulation not only improved the solubility and dissolution rate of DNC, but also inhibited the fecal output of oocysts and enhanced the therapeutic effect of coccidiosis. According to the experiment results, the DNC/GA/PVP K30 SD increased 4.64-fold in oral bioavailability and dramatically enhanced the concentration in liver which provided a basis for further research in schistosomiasis. In summary, our findings suggested that DNC/GA/PVP K30 SD may have promising applications in the treatment of coccidiosis.
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Bampidis V, Azimonti G, Bastos MDL, Christensen H, Dusemund B, Durjava MF, Kouba M, López‐Alonso M, López Puente S, Marcon F, Mayo B, Pechová A, Petkova M, Ramos F, Sanz Y, Villa RE, Woutersen R, Aquilina G, Bories G, Brantom P, Cocconcelli PS, Gropp J, Rychen G, Holczknecht O, Vettori MV. Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of lasalocid A sodium and nicarbazin (Nilablend™ 200G) for chickens for fattening (Zoetis Belgium SA). EFSA J 2021; 19:e06466. [PMID: 33777230 PMCID: PMC7984407 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the coccidiostat Nilablend™ 200G containing lasalocid A sodium and nicarbazin. Nilablend™ 200G is not safe for chickens for fattening at the proposed maximum use level of 50 mg lasalocid A sodium + 50 mg nicarbazin/kg complete feed. Concurrent administration of Nilablend™ 200G (containing lasalocid A sodium) with tiamulin and certain other medicinal substances should be avoided. Lasalocid A sodium has antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacterial species while many Enterobacteriaceae are naturally resistant. Induction of resistance and/or cross-resistance was not observed in experimental conditions. No information on the interactions of nicarbazin with feed materials, other approved additives or medicinal products have been provided. No data were submitted on the microbiological safety of nicarbazin. The toxicological package for lasalocid A sodium and nicarbazin identified no observed adverse effect levels (NOAELs) that could be the basis for setting health-based guidance values (e.g. an acceptable daily intake (ADI)). The Panel concluded that a concern for the genotoxicity of nicarbazin in Nilablend™ 200G cannot be excluded and that clarification on the mechanism of action of the test items would be needed. Therefore, the FEEDAP Panel is not in the position to establish an ADI for DNC on which to base the assessment of consumer safety. Nilablend™ 200G is considered toxic by inhalation, corrosive and irritant to eyes, slightly irritant to the skin but not a skin sensitiser. Inhalation exposure is considered a risk to persons handling the additive. The FEEDAP Panel cannot conclude on the safety of Nilablend™ 200G for the environment due to a possible risk for aquatic compartment (freshwater) for DNC. The efficacy of Nilablend® 200G was demonstrated.
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Bacila DM, Cunha A, Gressler V, Scheuermann GN, Coldebella A, Caron L, Igarashi-Mafra L, Feddern V. Detection of p-Nitroaniline Released from Degradation of 4,4'-Dinitrocarbanilide in Chicken Breast during Thermal Processing. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:9002-9008. [PMID: 31322885 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The diphenylurea 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide (DNC) is the residue of concern left in edible tissues of broilers fed diets containing the anticoccidial nicarbazin. When chicken meat is submitted to thermal processing, p-nitroaniline (p-NA) is expected from DNC degradation. This work aimed at evaluating whether thermal processing of DNC-containing chicken meat induces p-NA appearance. First, a hydrolysis assay was performed in aqueous solutions at 100 °C in different pH, confirming that DNC cleavage yields p-NA. Then a novel LC-MS/MS method was used to detect traces of this aromatic amine in DNC-containing chicken breast fillets subjected to cooking methods. Our evidence showed p-NA occurrence in such chicken meat samples, which corroborated results from hydrolysis assay. The p-NA appearance in fillets was rather discrete during boiling treatment, but its concentration became pronounced over time for grilling, frying, and roasting, achieving respectively 326.3, 640.0, and 456.9 μg/kg. As far as we are concerned, no other research identified degradation products from DNC residue in heat-processed chicken fillets. Therefore, this study leads to additional approaches to assess impacts on food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danniele Miranda Bacila
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Alimentos , Universidade Federal do Paraná , Curitiba , Paraná 80060-000 , Brazil
| | - Anildo Cunha
- Núcleo Temático de Produção de Aves, Embrapa Suínos e Aves , Concórdia , Santa Catarina 89715-899 , Brazil
| | - Vanessa Gressler
- Núcleo Temático de Produção de Aves, Embrapa Suínos e Aves , Concórdia , Santa Catarina 89715-899 , Brazil
| | - Gerson Neudí Scheuermann
- Núcleo Temático de Produção de Aves, Embrapa Suínos e Aves , Concórdia , Santa Catarina 89715-899 , Brazil
| | - Arlei Coldebella
- Núcleo Temático de Produção de Aves, Embrapa Suínos e Aves , Concórdia , Santa Catarina 89715-899 , Brazil
| | - Luizinho Caron
- Núcleo Temático de Produção de Aves, Embrapa Suínos e Aves , Concórdia , Santa Catarina 89715-899 , Brazil
| | - Luciana Igarashi-Mafra
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Alimentos , Universidade Federal do Paraná , Curitiba , Paraná 80060-000 , Brazil
| | - Vivian Feddern
- Núcleo Temático de Produção de Aves, Embrapa Suínos e Aves , Concórdia , Santa Catarina 89715-899 , Brazil
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Bacila DM, Feddern V, Mafra LI, Scheuermann GN, Molognoni L, Daguer H. Current research, regulation, risk, analytical methods and monitoring results for nicarbazin in chicken meat: A perspective review. Food Res Int 2017; 99:31-40. [PMID: 28784488 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This review presents up-to-date information about current research on nicarbazin, one of the most used anticoccidials in poultry production. The focus is to elucidate regulation concerning nicarbazin, limits for its residues in food, how maximum residue limits in different countries are calculated regarding edible chicken tissues and the possible implications in human health. Analytical methods to extract and quantify this residue, expressed as dinitrocarbanilide (DNC) are presented and discussed, including qualitative screening and quantitative/confirmatory analytical methods. Monitoring results and occurrence of DNC residues in chicken meat are discussed. Additionally, the causes of eventual chicken meat contamination and possible solutions to reduce or eliminate DNC residue in tissues are also presented. The paper concludes with perspectives, the current state of DNC residue analysis and suggestions for future research, especially considering the gap in the study of residue recycling effect due to continuous chicken litter use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danniele Miranda Bacila
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Coronel Francisco Heráclito dos Santos, 210, 81531-970 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Vivian Feddern
- Embrapa Suínos e Aves, BR 153, km 110, 89715-899 Concórdia, SC, Brazil.
| | - Luciana Igarashi Mafra
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Coronel Francisco Heráclito dos Santos, 210, 81531-970 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Luciano Molognoni
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário (Lanagro/RS), Rua João Grumiché, 117, 88102-699 São José, SC, Brazil
| | - Heitor Daguer
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário (Lanagro/RS), Rua João Grumiché, 117, 88102-699 São José, SC, Brazil
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Kabir M, Iqbal M, Ahmad S, Hayat M. iTIS-PseKNC: Identification of Translation Initiation Site in human genes using pseudo k-tuple nucleotides composition. Comput Biol Med 2015; 66:252-7. [PMID: 26433457 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Translation is an essential genetic process for understanding the mechanism of gene expression. Due to the large number of protein sequences generated in the post-genomic era, conventional methods are unable to identify Translation Initiation Site (TIS) in human genes timely and accurately. It is thus highly desirable to develop an automatic and accurate computational model for identification of TIS. Considerable improvements have been achieved in developing computational models; however, development of accurate and reliable automated systems for TIS identification in human genes is still a challenging task. In this connection, we propose iTIS-PseKNC, a novel protocol for identification of TIS. Three protein sequence representation methods including dinucleotide composition, pseudo-dinucleotide composition and Trinucleotide composition have been used in order to extract numerical descriptors. Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbor and Probabilistic Neural Network are assessed for their performance using the constructed descriptors. The proposed model iTIS-PseKNC has achieved 99.40% accuracy using jackknife test. The experimental results validated the superior performance of iTIS-PseKNC over the existing methods reported in the literature. It is highly anticipated that the iTIS-PseKNC predictor will be useful for basic research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Kabir
- Department of Computer Science, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Computer Science, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ahmad
- Department of Computer Science, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Maqsood Hayat
- Department of Computer Science, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan.
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Abstract
Many enzymes catalyse reactions that have an oestrogen as a substrate and/or a product. The reactions catalysed include aromatisation, oxidation, reduction, sulfonation, desulfonation, hydroxylation and methoxylation. The enzymes that catalyse these reactions must all recognise and bind oestrogen but, despite this, they have diverse structures. This review looks at each of these enzymes in turn, describing the structure and discussing the mechanism of the catalysed reaction. Since oestrogen has a role in many disease states inhibition of the enzymes of oestrogen metabolism may have an impact on the state or progression of the disease and inhibitors of these enzymes are briefly discussed. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'CSR 2013'.
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Key Words
- 17β-HSD
- 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
- 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
- 3,5-dinitrocatechol
- 3-(((8R,9S,13S,14S,16R,17S)-3,17-dihydroxy-13-methyl-7,8,9,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-decahydro-6H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-16-yl)methyl)benzamide
- 3′-phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphate
- 3′-phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate
- Aromatase
- COMT
- DHEA(S)
- DHETNA
- DNC
- E1(S)
- E2(S)
- E2B
- E3
- E4
- ER
- FAD/FMN
- FG
- HFG(S)
- NADP(+)
- NADPH
- O5′-[9-(3,17β-dihydroxy-1,3,5(10)-estratrien-16β-yl)-nonanoyl]adenosine
- Oestrogen
- PAP
- PAPS
- Protein structure
- Reaction mechanism
- S-adenosyl methionine
- SAM
- SDR
- Sulfatase
- Sulfotransferase
- catechol-O-methyl transferase
- dehydroepiandrosterone (sulfate)
- estetrol
- estradiol (sulfate)
- estriol
- estrogen receptor
- estrone (sulfate)
- flavin adenine dinucleotide/flavin mononucleotide
- formylglycine
- hydroxyformylglycine (sulfate)
- mb-COMT
- membrane-bound COMT
- nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (oxidised)
- nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced)
- s-COMT
- short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase
- soluble COMT
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Thomas
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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