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Oketch EO, Yu M, Hong JS, Chaturanga NC, Seo E, Lee H, Hermes RG, Smeets N, Taechavasonyoo A, Kirwan S, Rodriguez-Sanchez R, Heo JM. Laying hen responses to multi-strain Bacillus-based probiotic supplementation from 25 to 37 weeks of age. Anim Biosci 2024:ab.23.0495. [PMID: 38575130 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Investigate the efficacy of Bacillus-based probiotics supplemented at two different levels to modulate the productive performance, egg quality, tibia traits, and specific cecal bacteria counts of Hy-Line Brown layers from 25 to 37 weeks of age. Methods A total of 216 twenty-five-week-old hens were randomly distributed into 3 experimental diets with 12 replicates of 6 birds per cage. Diets included basal diet supplemented with 0 (CON), 3 × 108 (PRO1), or 3 × 109 (PRO2) CFU of the test probiotic containing Bacillus subtilis PB6, Bacillus subtilis FXA, and Bacillus licheniformis G3 per kilogram of feed. Results Improved egg weights and mass at 29 weeks; and feed intake at 31 weeks (p < 0.10) were noticed with the probiotic-supplemented PRO1 and PRO2 diets. Considering egg quality, the shell thickness, Haugh units, and yolk color were improved; but yolk cholesterol was lowered (p < 0.05) with PRO1 and PRO2 diets at 29 weeks. At both 33 and 37 weeks, the egg-breaking strength, shell color and thickness, albumen height, Haugh units, and yolk color were improved; but yolk cholesterol was similarly lowered (p < 0.05) with the PRO1 and PRO2 diets. Improved tibia Ca, ash, weights, and density; and raised cecal counts of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli (p < 0.05) were noticed with PRO1 and PRO2 diets. Improved tibia P but reduced Clostridia counts (p < 0.10) were also observed with the PRO1 and PRO2 diets. Conclusion Probiotic supplementation of Bacillus subtilis PB6, Bacillus subtilis FXA, and Bacillus licheniformis G3 at 3 ×108 CFU/kg of feed is adequate to significantly improve egg quality, lower yolk cholesterol, enhance several tibia traits, and raise the populations of beneficial cecal bacteria. Modest improvements in several productive parameters and tibia P but reduced Clostridia were also observed; and could warrant further investigation of probiotic effects beyond the current test period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elijah Ogola Oketch
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Myunghwan Yu
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jun Seon Hong
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Nuwan Chamara Chaturanga
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Eunsoo Seo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Hans Lee
- Kemin Animal Nutrition and Health, Asia Pacific, 12 Senoko Drive, Singapore 758200
| | | | - Natasja Smeets
- Kemin Animal Nutrition and Health, Europa NV, Herentals, Belgium
| | | | - Susanne Kirwan
- Kemin Animal Nutrition and Health, Europa NV, Herentals, Belgium
| | | | - Jung Min Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Hong L, Ma Z, Jing X, Yang H, Ma J, Pu L, Zhang J. Effects of dietary supplementation of polysaccharide from Agaricus blazei Murr on productive performance, egg quality, blood metabolites, intestinal morphology and microbiota of Korean quail. Anim Biosci 2024:ab.23.0441. [PMID: 38575122 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with Agaricus blazei polysaccharide (ABP) at varying concentrations on the performance, egg quality, blood biochemistry, intestinal morphology, and microflora of quail. Methods The study involved a total of 2,700 Korean quails, which were randomly divided into three groups. The measured variables encompassed productive performance, egg parameters, carcass parameters, serum metabolites, immune response parameters, antioxidative properties, and gut microbiome. Results The addition of ABP did not have a significant effect on average daily feed intake. However, it was found to increase the average daily egg weight and egg production rate, reduce the feed-egg ratio. There were no significant impacts on egg quality measures such as egg shape index, egg yolk index and color, egg yolk and protein content. However, ABP supplementation significantly increased the Hough Unit (HU) (p<0.01) and decreased the rate of unqualified eggs(p<0.01). Regarding serum parameters, the inclusion led to an increase in total protein concentration(p<0.05) and a reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p<0.05). There were no significant effects observed on immune indicators such as immune globulin A (IgA) and immune globulin M (IgM). ABP supplementation increased the levels of serum antioxidant indicators, including glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) (p<0.05), and total antioxidant capacity colorimeter (T-AOC) (p<0.05). Furthermore, ABP supplementation significantly elevated the intramuscular fatty acid content in quail meat. Additionally, ABP supplementation demonstrated a significant improvement in the diversity of gut microbiota and induced alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota. Conclusion The findings of this study indicate that dietary supplementation of ABP enhanced production performance and antioxidant capacity while increasing the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in quail muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Hong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Ecological Feed, Tianjin 301800, China
| | - Zheng Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Guangxi 530000, China
| | - Xueyi Jing
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Jifei Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Lei Pu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Ecological Feed, Tianjin 301800, China
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Raziq F, Hussain J, Ahmad S, Hussain MA, Khan MT, Ullah A, Qumar M, Wadood F, Gull-e-Faran. Effect of body weight at photostimulation on productive performance and welfare aspects of commercial layers. Anim Biosci 2024; 37:500-508. [PMID: 36915928 PMCID: PMC10915190 DOI: 10.5713/ab.22.0365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Due to current selection practices for increased egg production and peak persistency, the production profile, age at maturity, and body weight criteria for commercial layers are constantly changing. Body weight and age at the time of photostimulation will thus always be the factors that need to be adequately addressed among various production systems. The current study was carried out to determine the effects of pullets' body weight (low, medium, and heavy) on their performance, welfare, physiological response, and hormonal profile. METHODS With regard to live weight, 150 16-week-old pullets were divided into three groups using a completely randomized design (CRD) and held until the 50th week. One-way analysis of variance was used to evaluate the data under the CRD, and the least significant difference test was used to distinguish between treatment means. RESULTS In comparison to the medium and light birds, the heavy birds had higher body weight at maturity, an earlier age at maturity, and higher egg weight, eggshell weight, eggshell thickness, egg yolk index, breaking strength, egg surface area, egg shape index, egg volume, and hormonal profile except corticosterone. However, the medium and light birds had lower feed consumption rates per dozen eggs and per kilogram of egg mass than the heavy birds. Light birds showed greater body weight gain, egg production, and egg specific gravity than the other categories. At 20 weeks of age, physiological response, welfare aspects, and catalase were non-significant; however, at 50 weeks of age, all these factors-aside from catalase-were extremely significant. CONCLUSION The findings of this study indicate that layers can function at lower body weights during photostimulation; hence, dietary regimens that result in lighter pullets may be preferable. Additionally, the welfare of the birds was not compromised by the lighter weight group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazal Raziq
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore-54000,
Pakistan
| | - Jibran Hussain
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore-54000,
Pakistan
| | - Sohail Ahmad
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore-54000,
Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif Hussain
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Abdul Wali khan University, Mardan-23200,
Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tahir Khan
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur-63100,
Pakistan
| | - Assad Ullah
- Civil Veterinary Hospital Gumbat, Kohat-26120,
Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qumar
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur-63100,
Pakistan
| | - Fazal Wadood
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur-63100,
Pakistan
| | - Gull-e-Faran
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur-63100,
Pakistan
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Palanisamy V, PC S, Pineda L, Han Y. Effect of supplementing hydroxy trace minerals (Cu, Zn, and Mn) on egg quality and performance of laying hens under tropical conditions. Anim Biosci 2023; 36:1709-1717. [PMID: 37402462 PMCID: PMC10623049 DOI: 10.5713/ab.22.0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A pivotal study was designed to investigate the effect of Hydroxy (HYC) Cu, Zn, and Mn on egg quality and laying performance of chickens under tropical conditions. METHODS A total of 1,260 Babcock White laying hens (20-wk-old) were randomly assigned to one of 4 treatments with 15 replicates of 21 hens each in a Randomized Complete Block Design. The birds were reared for 16 weeks and were fed the corn-soybean meal diets supplemented with one of the following mineral treatments: T1, inorganic (INO, 15 ppm CuSO4, 80ppm MnSO4 and 80 ppm ZnO); T2, Hydroxy-nutritional level (HYC-Nut, 15 ppm Cu, 80 ppm Mn, 80 ppm Zn from Hydroxy); T3, Hydroxy-Low (HYC-Low, 15 ppm Cu, 60 ppm Mn, 60 ppm Zn from Hydroxy); T4, Hydroxy plus inorganic (HYC+INO, 7.5 ppm HYC Cu+7.5 ppm CuSO4, 40 ppm HYC ZnO+40 ppm ZnSO4, 40 ppm HYC Mn+40 ppm MnSO4). The egg production was recorded daily, while the feed consumption, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and egg mass were determined at the end of each laying period. The egg quality parameters were assayed in eggs collected over 48 h in each laying period. RESULTS Overall, no significant effect of treatments was observed on percent egg production, egg weight and FCR (p>0.05). Feed intake was significantly lower in birds fed Hydroxy plus inorganic (p<0.05) diet. The supplementation of HYC-Low significantly increased the egg mass compared to the other treatments (p<0.05). HYC supplementation alone or in combination with INO elicited a positive effect on shell thickness, shell weight, shell weight per unit surface area, yolk colour, albumen and yolk index for a certain period (p<0.05), but not throughout the whole laying period. CONCLUSION Dietary supplementation of HYC-Low (15-60-60 mg/kg) showed similar effects on production performance and egg quality characteristics in laying hens as compared to 15-80-80 mg/kg of Cu-Zn-Mn from inorganic sources. This indicates that sulphate based inorganic trace minerals can effectively be substituted by lower concentration of hydroxyl minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasan Palanisamy
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tamil Nadu 637002,
India
| | - Sakthivel PC
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tamil Nadu 637002,
India
| | - Lane Pineda
- Trouw Nutrition R&D, 3811, MH Amersfoort,
The Netherlands
| | - Yanming Han
- Trouw Nutrition R&D, 3811, MH Amersfoort,
The Netherlands
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Tsai MY, Shih BL, Liaw RB, Chen WT, Lee TY, Hung HW, Hung KH, Lin YF. Effect of dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis TLRI 211-1 on laying performance, egg quality and blood characteristics of Leghorn layers. Anim Biosci 2023; 36:609-618. [PMID: 36634665 PMCID: PMC9996276 DOI: 10.5713/ab.22.0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE TLRI 211-1 is a novel Bacillus subtilis strain. This experiment was to investigate dietary supplementation of TLRI 211-1 on laying performance, egg quality and blood characteristics of layers. METHODS One hundred and twenty 65-wk-old Leghorn layers were divided into four treatment groups for 8 weeks experiment. Each treatment had three replicates. The basal diet was formulated as control group with crude protein 17% and metabolizable energy 2,850 kcal/kg and supplemented with TLRI 211-1 0.1%, 0.3%, and commercial Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 0.1% as treatment 2, 3 and 4 groups, respectively. Both TLRI 211-1 and commercial Bacillus amyloliquefaciens were adjusted to contain 1×109 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL (g), hence the 0.1% supplemental level was 1×109 CFU/kg. RESULTS The results showed that TLRI 211-1 0.3% and commercial B. amyloliquefaciens groups had higher weight gain than the other groups; TLRI 211-1 0.1% group had better feed to eggs conversion ratio than the control and commercial B. amyloliquefaciens groups (p<0.05). Bacillus subtilis supplementation increased yolk weight (p<0.05). In egg quality during storage, TLRI 211-1 0.1% had higher breaking strength than the control group at the second week of storage (p<0.05). At the third week of storage, TLRI 211-1 0.3% had higher Haugh unit (p<0.05). Hens fed diets supplemented with TLRI 211-1 0.3% significantly decreased blood triglyceride levels and increased blood calcium levels (p< 0.05). TLRI 211-1 0.3% group had lower H2S (p<0.05) and hence had less unpleasant odor in excreta of hens. CONCLUSION In conclusion, supplementation with 0.1% TLRI 211-1 can significantly improve feed to eggs conversion ratio. TLRI 211-1 supplementation also can maintain eggs at their optimum quality level during storage. The study showed that B. subtilis TLRI 211-1 can be used as feed additives for improving egg production performance and egg quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yang Tsai
- Animal Industry Division, Livestock Research Institute (LRI), Council of Agriculture (COA), Hsinhua, Tainan 712009, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Bioresources, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Ling Shih
- Nutrition Division, Livestock Research Institute (LRI), Council of Agriculture (COA), Hsinhua, Tainan, 712009, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Bao Liaw
- Physiology Division, Livestock Research Institute (LRI), Council of Agriculture (COA), Hsinhua, Tainan, 712009, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tsen Chen
- Nutrition Division, Livestock Research Institute (LRI), Council of Agriculture (COA), Hsinhua, Tainan, 712009, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yu Lee
- Nutrition Division, Livestock Research Institute (LRI), Council of Agriculture (COA), Hsinhua, Tainan, 712009, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Wen Hung
- Nutrition Division, Livestock Research Institute (LRI), Council of Agriculture (COA), Hsinhua, Tainan, 712009, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsiang Hung
- Graduate Institute of Bioresources, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Fwu Lin
- Nutrition Division, Livestock Research Institute (LRI), Council of Agriculture (COA), Hsinhua, Tainan, 712009, Taiwan
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Dang DX, Chung YH, Kim IH. Effects of dietary supplementation of herbal active ingredients promoting insulin-like growth factor-1 secretion on production performance, egg quality, blood hematology, and excreta gas emission in laying hens. Anim Biosci 2021; 34:1802-1810. [PMID: 34237932 PMCID: PMC8563257 DOI: 10.5713/ab.20.0762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing herbal active ingredients (YGF251) which can promote the secretion of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the diet on production performance, egg quality, blood hematology, and excreta gas emission in laying hens. Methods A total of 288 ISA Brown (41-week-old) laying hens with an initial body weight of 1.83±0.68 kg were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments in a randomized block design based on body weight. Each treatment had 12 replicate cages having 6 adjacent cages per replicate (hens are kept in cages alone). The experimental period was 35 days. Dietary treatments were based on the corn-soybean meal-wheat-based basal diet and supplemented with 0.00%, 0.05%, 0.10%, or 0.15% YGF251. Results There was a linear increased egg weight in weeks 1 to 5 (p<0.05), egg mass in week 1 (p<0.05) and weeks 1 to 5 (p<0.05), egg strength on day 7 (p<0.05), 21 (p<0.01), and 35 (p<0.01), eggshell thickness on day 21 (p<0.05) and 35 (p<0.01), haugh unit on day 21 (p< 0.01) and 35 (p<0.05), serum IGF-1 concentration on day 21 (p<0.05) and 35 (p<0.01), and serum total protein concentration on day 35 (p<0.05) were observed with the supplementing YGF251 increased in the diet, while feed conversion ratio in weeks 1 to 5 (p<0.05) and excreta ammonia emission (p<0.01) decreased linearly with the dose of YGF251 increased. Conclusion Dietary supplementation of YGF251 positively affected the production performance and egg quality of laying hens through increasing serum IGF-1 concentration in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, YGF251 supplementation improved barn environment by reducing excreta noxious gas emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- De Xin Dang
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Yi Hyung Chung
- Jeonbuk Institute for Food-Bioindustry, Jeonju, 54810, Korea
| | - In Ho Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
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Vlaicu PA, Panaite TD. Effect of dietary pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) seed meal on layer performance and egg quality characteristics. Anim Biosci 2021; 35:236-246. [PMID: 34293842 PMCID: PMC8738952 DOI: 10.5713/ab.21.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the of dietary pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) seed meal (PSM) on laying performance, quality, fatty acids, cholesterol, antioxidant compounds and shelf life of eggs. Methods Eighty Tetra SL laying hens, 50-week-old, were randomly divided into two equal groups, having 10 replicates with 4 birds in each. The control (CON) treatment was fed with basal diet, while experimental treatment was fed a diet with 9% pumpkin seed meal (PSM), for a 6 week period. Results Dietary PSM significantly decreased average daily feed intake (p<0.05), with no significant effect on other performance parameters. The PSM, enriched the eggs with polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially α linolenic acid (0.33 vs. 0.21g/100g) and linoleic acid (20.65 vs. 18.37 g/100g), whereas it reduced the amount of arachidonic acid with 3.91% and n-6/n-3 ratio in PSM eggs compared with CON. The inclusion of 9% PSM significantly (p<0.05) diminished the cholesterol concentration in yolk with 11.31% and in egg with 10.38%, in respect to the CON samples. The significantly (p<0.05) higher concentration of polyphenols and antioxidant compounds, determined in PSM eggs, proved to be effective on shelf life of eggs preserved at refrigerator (5°C) and room temperature (21°C) for 28 days, by delaying the lipid oxidation and protein denaturation. This effect was reflected in significantly (p<0.05) higher Haugh Unit in eggs stored 28 days at 21°C and lower albumen pH values for the overall storage time, both at 5°C and 21°C, proving the antioxidant effect of pumpkin. Conclusion Dietary PSM supplementation was significantly effective on average daily feed intake and egg quality by increasing some fatty acids while lowering the cholesterol concentration. Also, PSM proved to be effective improving shelf life of eggs for 28 days storage time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petru Alexandru Vlaicu
- Department of Chemistry and Animal Nutrition Physiology, National Research and Development Institute for Animal Biology and Nutrition, Balotesti, Ilfov, 077015, Romania
| | - Tatiana Dumitra Panaite
- Department of Chemistry and Animal Nutrition Physiology, National Research and Development Institute for Animal Biology and Nutrition, Balotesti, Ilfov, 077015, Romania
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Zhu Y, Yin L, Ge J, Wu X, Peng Y, Zhang T, Jiang M. Astaxanthin supplementation enriches productive performance, physiological and immunological responses in laying hens. Anim Biosci 2020; 34:443-448. [PMID: 33332949 PMCID: PMC7961203 DOI: 10.5713/ab.20.0550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Astaxanthin is a natural super antioxidant. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of astaxanthin rich Phaffia rhodozyma (PR) supplementation in diets on laying production performance, egg quality, antioxidant defenses and immune defenses in laying hens. Methods A total of five hundred and twelve 60-week-old Lohmann Brown laying hens (2,243±12 g) were randomly assigned to four groups, each including 4 replicates with 32 birds per replicate. Astaxanthin rich PR was added to corn-soybean meal diets to produce experimental diets containing 0 (Control), 800 mg/kg, 1,200 mg/kg, and 1,600 mg/kg PR, respectively. The astaxanthin content in the diet was 0.96 mg/kg, 1.44 mg/kg and 1.92 mg/kg respectively. Results Results showed that dietary PR supplementation tended to increase daily feed intake (p = 0.0512). There was no effect of astaxanthin rich PR on Haugh units, albumen height, egg shape index, eggshell strength, and eggshell thickness at weeks 6 (p>0.05). However, egg yolk color was significantly improved (p<0.05). In addition, astaxanthin rich PR supplementation significantly increased serum glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity (p<0.05), increased serum immunoglobulin G content (p<0.05), and reduced malondialdehyde content (p<0.05) in laying hens. Conclusion In conclusion, astaxanthin rich PR can improve the color of egg yolk, enhance the antioxidant defenses, and regulate the immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhao Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health of the Anhui Province, College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233100, China
| | - Long Yin
- Key Laboratory for Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health of the Anhui Province, College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233100, China
| | - Jinshan Ge
- Shandong Zhongcheng feed Technology Co., Ltd, Feicheng, 271600, China
| | - Xuezhuang Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health of the Anhui Province, College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233100, China
| | - Yuhan Peng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health of the Anhui Province, College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233100, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health of the Anhui Province, College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233100, China
| | - Meihong Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health of the Anhui Province, College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233100, China
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Fan GJ, Shih BL, Lin HC, Lee TT, Lee CF, Lin YF. Effect of dietary supplementation of Sargassum meal on laying performance and egg quality of Leghorn layers. Anim Biosci 2020; 34:449-456. [PMID: 32882775 PMCID: PMC7961194 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.20.0256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Seaweeds could be an alternative and functional feed resource. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of Sargassum meal on laying performance and egg quality of layers. METHODS Two hundred 36-wk-old layers were divided into five treatment groups. Each treatment had four replicates with 10 hens per experimental unit. The corn-soybean meal basal diet was formulated as control group. Sargassum meals were included 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, or 5% to diets for five treatment groups, respectively. Treatment groups were isocaloric-isonitrogenous diets. Laying performance and egg quality were measured for eight weeks. RESULTS Sargassum meal supplementation did not affect daily feed intake. Supplementation 1% to 3% of Sargassum meal in diets increased daily laying rate and egg mass compared with those from control group (p<0.05). Egg qualities among five groups were all similar. Supplementation of 3% Sargassum meal increased the lightness of egg yolk (p<0.05). Eggs produced from layers fed 1% and 2% Sargassum meal had a higher consumer's acceptability than the control group (p<0.05). In blood characteristics, contents of glucose, nitrogen, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) increased as the increase of supplementation ratio of Sargassum meal (p<0.05). In serum antibody titers, supplementation of 2% Sargassum meal stimulated a higher immunoglobulin M (IgM) level than that from control group (p<0.05). However, IgM content of layers fed diets with Sargassum meal ≥3% were decreased (p<0.05). There was no difference in IgA and IgG titers among groups. CONCLUSION Supplementation of 1% to 3% Sargassum meal has shown to increase egg laying rate and egg mass of Leghorn layers. However, high supplementation (5%) would negatively affect laying performance. In consideration of laying performance, egg quality, consumer responses, and blood antibody, supplementation of Sargassum meal was suggested 2% in the diet for layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng-Jen Fan
- Nutrition Division, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture (COA), Hsinhua, Tainan, 712009, Taiwan.,Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402204, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Ling Shih
- Nutrition Division, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture (COA), Hsinhua, Tainan, 712009, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chiu Lin
- Penghu Marine Biology Research Center, Fisheries Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Makung, Penghu 880010, Taiwan
| | - Tzu Tai Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402204, Taiwan
| | - Churng-Faung Lee
- Nutrition Division, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture (COA), Hsinhua, Tainan, 712009, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Fwu Lin
- Nutrition Division, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture (COA), Hsinhua, Tainan, 712009, Taiwan
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Yang B, Zhao G, Wang L, Liu S, Tang J. Effects of the Agaricus bisporus stem residue on performance, nutrients digestibility and antioxidant activity of laying hens and its effects on egg storage. Anim Biosci 2020; 34:256-264. [PMID: 32106644 PMCID: PMC7876716 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of the Agaricus bisporus stem residue (ABSR) on the performance, nutrients digestibility, antioxidant activity of laying hens, and its effects on egg storage to determine the appropriate dosage of ABSR, so as to provide a scientific basis for the effective utilization of ABSR. Methods A total of 384 53-wk-old Nongda III layers were randomly divided into six treatments, four replicates in each treatment and 16 birds in each replicate. The control treatment was fed with basic diet, while experimental treatments were fed with diets of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% ABSR respectively. The experimental period was 56 d. Results The results showed that compared with the control treatment, ABSR had no significant effect on laying performance (p>0.05). The crude protein and total energy digestibility of experimental treatments was significantly higher than those of control treatment (p< 0.05). When eggs were stored for 1 wk, 2 wk, and 3 wk at 25°C, there were no significant differences in egg storage between the experimental treatments and the control treatment (p>0.05). The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in the serum of the experimental treatments were significantly higher than those of the control treatment (p<0.05), and the malonaldehyde (MDA) content did not change dramatically. SOD activity in yolk of experimental treatments was significantly higher than that in control treatment (p<0.05); MDA content in yolk was markedly lower than that in control treatment (p<0.05). The activity of GSH-Px and SOD in yolk of experimental treatments was significantly higher than that of control treatment stored at 25°C for 21 d, and the content of MDA was significantly lower than that of control treatment (p<0.05). Conclusion ABSR can be used to improve the antioxidant activity of laying hens without affecting laying performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Guoxian Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Shujing Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Jie Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
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Kim JH, Lee HK, Yang TS, Kang HK, Kil DY. Effect of different sources and inclusion levels of dietary fat on productive performance and egg quality in laying hens raised under hot environmental conditions. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2019; 32:1407-1413. [PMID: 31010965 PMCID: PMC6722316 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective This experiment aimed to investigate the effect of different sources and inclusion levels of dietary fat on productive performance and egg quality in laying hens raised under hot environmental conditions. Method A total of 480 Hy-Line Brown laying hens at 31 wk of age were randomly allotted to 1 of 5 experimental diets. The control diet contained 2,800 kcal/kg AMEn with no fat addition. Four additional diets were prepared by adding 2.0 or 4.0% of animal fat (AF) or soybean oil (SO). Energy and nutrient concentrations were consistent among all diets. Diets were fed to hens for 4 weeks. Average daily room temperature and humidity were 26.7 ± 1.52°C and 77.4 ± 4.50%. The heat stress index was approximately 76, indicating that hens were raised under heat stress conditions. Results Final BW was greater (p<0.05) for hens fed diets containing 2.0 or 4.0% AF than for those fed the control diet or diets containing 2.0 or 4.0% SO. The BW gain and feed intake were greater (p<0.05) for hens fed diets containing additional AF or SO than those fed the control diet. Eggshell thickness were the greatest (p<0.05) for hens fed the control diet, but the least (p<0.05) for hens fed diets containing 4.0% SO. Egg yolk color was the greatest (p<0.05) for hens fed to the control diet, but the least (p<0.05) for hens fed diets containing 4.0% SO. Conclusion Inclusion of supplemental fat (AF and SO) in diets exhibits preventative effects on BW loss for hens raised under hot environmental conditions when energy and nutrient concentrations in diets were maintained. The effects were greater for AF than for SO. However, inclusion of supplemental fat in diets decreases eggshell thickness and egg yolk yellowness, possibly due to a reduction in Ca absorption and intake of egg yolk colorants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyuk Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Han Kyu Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Tae Sung Yang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Hwan Ku Kang
- Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Pyeongchang 25342, Korea
| | - Dong Yong Kil
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
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12
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Kim MC, Kim JH, Pitargue FM, Koo DY, Choi HS, Kil DY. Effect of dietary β-mannanase on productive performance, egg quality, and utilization of dietary energy and nutrients in aged laying hens raised under hot climatic conditions. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2017; 30:1450-1455. [PMID: 28728366 PMCID: PMC5582330 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.17.0269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of dietary β-mannanase on productive performance, egg quality, and utilization of dietary energy and nutrients in aged laying hens raised under hot climatic conditions. Methods A total of 320 84-wk-old Hy-line Brown aged laying hens were allotted to one of four treatments with eight replicates in a completely randomized design. Two dietary treatments with high energy (HE; 2,800 kcal/kg nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy [AMEn]) and low energy (LE; 2,700 kcal/kg AMEn) were formulated. Two additional diets were prepared by adding 0.04% (MN4) or 0.08% β-mannanase (MN8) to LE treatment diets. The feeding trial was conducted for 28 d, covering a period from July to August in South Korea. The average daily room temperature and relative humidity were 29.2°C and 83%, respectively. Results Productive performance, egg quality, and cloacal temperature were not influenced by dietary treatments. The measured AMEn values for MN8 diets were similar to those for HE diets, which were greater (p<0.05) than those for LE and MN4 diets. However, the AMEn values for MN8 diets did not differ from those for LE and MN4 diets. Conclusion The addition of β-mannanase to low energy diets increases energy values for diets fed to aged laying hens. However, this increase has little positive impacts on performance and egg quality. These results indicate that dietary β-mannanase does not mitigate the heat stress of aged laying hens raised under hot climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Chan Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Jong Hyuk Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | | | - Do Yoon Koo
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Hyeon Seok Choi
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Dong Yong Kil
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
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Liu YC, Chen TH, Wu YC, Tan FJ. Determination of the quality of stripe-marked and cracked eggs during storage. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2017; 30:1013-1020. [PMID: 28002934 PMCID: PMC5495661 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.16.0440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stripe marks, which occasionally occur on the shell, do not cause breakage to the shell and shell membranes of eggs. This study investigated the quality of intact eggs (IEs), minor stripe-marked eggs (MEs), severe stripe-marked eggs (SEs), and cracked eggs (CEs) during 3-week storage at 25°C. METHODS Shell eggs were collected the day after being laid and were washed. Among them, eggs without any visual cracks or stripe marks on the shells were evaluated as IEs by the plant employees using candling in a darkened egg storage room; the remaining eggs exhibited some eggshell defects. At day 3, the eggs were further categorized into IEs, MEs, SEs, CEs, and broken eggs (BEs) on the basis of the description given. Except BEs, which were discarded, the remaining eggs were stored at 25°C (approximate relative humidity 50%) and then analyzed. RESULTS Stripe marks were observed primarily within the first 3 days after washing. At day 3, CEs had significantly (p<0.05) lower Haugh unit values, but all eggs had grades AA or A, according to the United States Department of Agriculture standard. As storage time increased, differences in egg quality between groups were more obvious. IEs had the highest eggshell breaking strength. During storage, the total plate counts and pathogens, namely Escherichia coli, Campylobacter spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella spp., were not detectable in the internal content of IEs and SEs. CONCLUSION In conclusion, cracks degraded egg quality severely and minor stripe marks only slightly influenced the egg quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chi Liu
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402,
Taiwan
| | - Ter Hsin Chen
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402,
Taiwan
| | - Ying Chen Wu
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402,
Taiwan
| | - Fa Jui Tan
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402,
Taiwan
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An BK, Kim JH, Zheng L, Moon BH, Lee KW. Effects of dietary supplementation with detoxified Rhus verniciflua sap on egg production, yolk lipid and intestinal microflora in laying hens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2017; 31:86-90. [PMID: 28728393 PMCID: PMC5756928 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.17.0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary detoxified Rhus verniciflua sap (RVS) on production performance, egg quality, lipid fractions of egg yolk, liver and serum, and the profile of cecal microflora in laying hens. Methods Two hundred 52-week-old Hy-Line Brown layers were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates per group (2 hens per cage, 5 cages per replicate) and were provided with one of 4 experimental diets containing 0%, 0.05%, 0.1%, or 0.2% RVS, for 6 weeks. Due to unequal intervals of RVS doses, the interactive matrix language procedure of the SAS program was used to correct the contrast coefficients of orthogonal polynomials. Results There were no differences in feed intake and egg weight among the groups. Egg production increased (linearly and quadratically, p<0.05) with increasing levels of RVS. Eggshell thickness increased (linear, p<0.05) as the level of RVS in diets increased. The levels of blood cholesterol and activities of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase were not altered by dietary treatments. Increasing level of RVS increased (linear, p<0.05) the populations of cecal lactic acid bacteria. The content of yolk cholesterol decreased (linear, p< 0.05) with increasing levels of dietary RVS, although there were no significant differences in each lipid fraction of the liver. Conclusion This study indicates that dietary RVS could improve laying performance and eggshell quality, and affect cecal lactic acid bacteria in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung-Ki An
- Laboratory of Poultry Science, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Je-Hun Kim
- Laboratory of Poultry Science, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Lan Zheng
- Laboratory of Poultry Science, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | | | - Kyung-Woo Lee
- Laboratory of Poultry Science, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Kim JH, Pitargue FM, Jung H, Han GP, Choi HS, Kil DY. Effect of superdosing phytase on productive performance and egg quality in laying hens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2017; 30:994-998. [PMID: 28427256 PMCID: PMC5495679 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.17.0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of superdosing phytase on productive performance and egg quality in laying hens. Methods A total of 200 42-wk-old Hy-Line Brown laying hens were allotted into 1 of 5 dietary treatments with 5 replicates consisting of 8 hens per replicate. The positive control (PC) and negative control diets (NC) were prepared based on the recommended P levels in layer diets. Supplemental phytase was added to the negative control diet at 10,000 (SD10), 20,000 (SD20), or 30,000 (SD30) fytase units (FTU)/kg. Productive performance was summarized for 6 weeks from 42 weeks to 47 weeks of age. Egg quality was assessed from 4 eggs per replicate randomly collected at the conclusion of the experiment. Results The SD20 treatment had greater (p<0.05) hen-day egg production than PC, NC, and SD10 treatment groups. There was no difference in hen-day egg production between SD20 and SD30 treatment groups. However, SD30 treatment had greater (p<0.05) hen-day egg production than PC treatment, but showed no difference in hen-day egg production as compared to NC and SD10 treatment groups. However, egg weight, egg mass, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were not affected by dietary treatments. Egg quality including eggshell strength, eggshell color, egg yolk color, and haugh unit was not influenced by dietary treatments. Conclusion Superdosing level of 20,000 FTU/kg phytase in diets has a positive effect on egg production rate, but no beneficial effect on egg quality in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyuk Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | | | - Hyunjung Jung
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 54875, Korea
| | - Gi Ppeum Han
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Hyeon Seok Choi
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Dong Yong Kil
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
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Wang X, Zhang H, Wang H, Wang J, Wu S, Qi G. Effect of dietary protein sources on production performance, egg quality, and plasma parameters of laying hens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2017; 30:400-409. [PMID: 27608634 PMCID: PMC5337920 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.16.0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary protein sources (soybean meal, SBM; low-gossypol cottonseed meal, LCSM; double-zero rapeseed meal, DRM) on laying performance, egg quality, and plasma parameters of laying hens. METHODS A total of 432 32-wk-old laying hens were randomly divided into 6 treatments with 6 replicates of 12 birds each. The birds were fed diets containing SBM, LCSM100, or DRM100 individually or in combination with an equal amount of crude protein (CP) (LCSM50, DRM50, and LCSM50-DRM50). The experimental diets, which were isocaloric (metabolizable energy, 11.11 MJ/kg) and isonitrogenous (CP, 16.5%), had similar digestible amino acid profile. The feeding trial lasted 12 weeks. RESULTS The daily egg mass was decreased in the LCSM100 and LCSM50-DRM50 groups (p<0.05) in weeks 41 to 44. The LCSM50 group did not affect egg production compared to the SBM group in weeks 41 to 44 (p>0.05) and showed increased yolk color at the end of the trial (p<0.05). Compared to the SBM group, the LCSM100 and LCSM50-DRM50 groups showed decreased albumen weight (p<0.05), CP weight in the albumen (p<0.05) and CP weight in the whole egg (p<0.05) at 44 weeks. Plasma total protein (TP) levels were lower in the LCSM100 group than in the SBM group at 44 weeks (p<0.05); however, TP, albumin, and globulin levels were not significantly different between the LCSM50 group and the SBM group or between the DRM50 group and the SBM group (p>0.05). CONCLUSION Together, our results suggest that the LCSM100 or DRM100 diets may produce the adverse effects on laying performance and egg quality after feeding for 8 more weeks. The 100.0 g/kg LCSM diet or the148.7 g/kg DRM diet has no adverse effects on laying performance and egg quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shugeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guanghai Qi
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Peng K, Long L, Wang Y, Wang S. Effects of Octacosanol Extracted from Rice Bran on the Laying Performance, Egg Quality and Blood Metabolites of Laying Hens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2016; 29:1458-63. [PMID: 27282970 PMCID: PMC5003971 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.16.0287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A 42-d study with 384 Hy-line brown laying hens was conducted to assess the effects of dietary octacosanol supplementation on laying performance, egg quality and blood metabolites of laying hens. Hens were randomly allocated into 4 dietary groups of 8 cages each, which were fed basal diet supplemented with 0 (Control), 9 (OCT9), 18 (OCT18), and 27 (OCT27) mg/kg diet of octacosanol isolated from rice bran, respectively. The experiment was conducted in an environmental controlled house and hens were fed twice daily for ad libitum intake. Laying performance was determined over the 42-d period, and egg quality as well as blood metabolites were estimated on d 21 and d 42. Diets in OCT18 and OCT27 increased (p<0.05) laying rate, egg weight, egg mass, egg albumen height, Haugh unit and eggshell strength on d 42, but decreased (p<0.05) feed conversion rate and levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in the serum as compared to those of Control. Feed intake, yolk color, yolk diameter, eggshell thickness and high density lipoprotein cholesterol were similar (p>0.05) among treatments. Results demonstrate that supplementing 18 to 27 mg/kg diet of rice bran octacosanol can improve laying rate and egg quality and reduce blood lipid of laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Peng
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Lei Long
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Shunxi Wang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
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Zhu YZ, Cheng JL, Ren M, Yin L, Piao XS. Effect of γ-Aminobutyric Acid-producing Lactobacillus Strain on Laying Performance, Egg Quality and Serum Enzyme Activity in Hy-Line Brown Hens under Heat Stress. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2015; 28:1006-13. [PMID: 26104406 PMCID: PMC4478492 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.15.0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Heat-stress remains a costly issue for animal production, especially for poultry as they lack sweat glands, and alleviating heat-stress is necessary for ensuring animal production in hot environment. A high γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-producer Lactobacillus strain was used to investigate the effect of dietary GABA-producer on laying performance and egg quality in heat-stressed Hy-line brown hens. Hy-Line brown hens (n = 1,164) at 280 days of age were randomly divided into 4 groups based on the amount of freeze-dried GABA-producer added to the basal diet as follows: i) 0 mg/kg, ii) 25 mg/kg, iii) 50 mg/kg, and iv) 100 mg/kg. All hens were subjected to heat-stress treatment through maintaining the temperature and the relative humidity at 28.83±3.85°C and 37% to 53.9%, respectively. During the experiment, laying rate, egg weight and feed intake of hens were recorded daily. At the 30th and 60th day after the start of the experiment, biochemical parameters, enzyme activity and immune activity in serum were measured. Egg production, average egg weight, average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio and percentage of speckled egg, soft shell egg and misshaped egg were significantly improved (p<0.05) by the increasing supplementation of the dietary GABA-producer. Shape index, eggshell thickness, strength and weight were increased linearly with increasing GABA-producer supplementation. The level of calcium, phosphorus, glucose, total protein and albumin in serum of the hens fed GABA-producing strain supplemented diet was significantly higher (p<0.05) than that of the hens fed the basal diet, whereas cholesterol level was decreased. Compared with the basal diet, GABA-producer strain supplementation increased serum level of glutathione peroxidase (p = 0.009) and superoxide dismutase. In conclusion, GABA-producer played an important role in alleviating heat-stress, the isolated GABA-producer strain might be a potential natural and safe probiotic to use to improve laying performance and egg quality in heat-stressed hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Z. Zhu
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100,
China
- Jiangsu Unison Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd., Suqian 233100,
China
| | - J. L. Cheng
- Jiangsu Unison Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd., Suqian 233100,
China
| | - M. Ren
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100,
China
| | - L. Yin
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100,
China
| | - X. S. Piao
- Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural Univeristy, Beijing 100193,
China
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Kim YH, Kim J, Yoon HS, Choi YH. Effects of dietary corticosterone on yolk colors and eggshell quality in laying hens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2015; 28:840-6. [PMID: 25925061 PMCID: PMC4412980 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.14.0849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary corticosterone on egg quality. For 2 weeks hens received either control or experimental diet containing corticosterone at 30 mg/kg diet. Feed intake and egg production were monitored daily, and body weight measured weekly. Egg weights and egg quality were measured daily. Corticosterone treatment resulted in a remarkable increase in feed intake and sharp decrease in egg production compared with control (p<0.05) whereas body weight remained unchanged. Decreased albumen height, but no changes in egg weight, led to decreased Haugh unit (p<0.05). Corticosterone caused elevated eggshell thickness (p<0.05) without altering weight and strength, suggesting possible changes in shell structure. Yolk color and redness were increased by corticosterone (p<0.05) but lightness and yellowness were either not changed or inconsistent over the time period of measurements. Increased concentrations in plasma were also found for corticosterone, glucose, cholesterol, creatinine, uric acid, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, total protein, and amylase (p<0.05), suggesting that corticosterone increased protein breakdown, renal dysfunctions and pancreatitis. Together, the current results imply that dietary corticosterone affects egg quality such as yolk colors and shell thickness, in addition to its effects on feed intake and egg production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Hwa Kim
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Plus program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea ; Department of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | - Jimin Kim
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Plus program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea ; Department of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea . ; Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | - Hyung-Sook Yoon
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Plus program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea ; Department of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | - Yang-Ho Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea . ; Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
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Cayan H, Erener G. Effect of Olive Leaf (Olea europaea) Powder on Laying Hens Performance, Egg Quality and Egg Yolk Cholesterol Levels. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2015; 28:538-43. [PMID: 25656181 PMCID: PMC4341103 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.14.0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to measure the effects of olive leaf powder on performance, egg yield, egg quality and yolk cholesterol level of laying hens. A total of 120 Lohmann Brown laying hens of 22 weeks old were used in this experiment. The birds were fed on standard layer diets containing 0, 1%, 2%, or 3% olive leaf powder for 8 weeks. Egg weight and yield were recorded daily; feed intake weekly; egg quality and cholesterol content at the end of the trial. Olive leaf powder had no effect on feed intake, egg weight, egg yield and feed conversion ratio (p>0.05) while olive leaf powder increased final body weight of hens (p<0.05). Dietary olive leaf powder increased yellowness in yolk color (p<0.01) without affecting other quality parameters. Yolk cholesterol content was tended to decrease about 10% (p>0.05). To conclude, olive leaf powder can be used for reducing egg yolk cholesterol content and egg yolk coloring agent in layer diets.
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Wang Y, Xiao LH, Zhao XL, Liu YP, Zhu Q. Identification of SNPs in Cellular Retinol Binding Protein 1 and Cellular Retinol Binding Protein 3 Genes and Their Associations with Laying Performance Traits in Erlang Mountainous Chicken. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 27:1075-81. [PMID: 25083100 PMCID: PMC4109862 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
CRBP1 (cellular retinol binding protein 1) and CRBP3 (cellular retinol binding protein 3), are important components of the retinoid signaling pathway and take part in vitamin A absorption, transport and metabolism. Based on the role of vitamin A in chicken laying performance, we investigated the polymorphism of CRBP1 and CRBP3 genes in 349 chickens using single strand conformation polymorphism and DNA sequencing methods. Only one polymorphism was identified in the third intron of CRBP1, two polymorphisms were detected in CRBP3; they were located in the second intron and the third intron respectively. The association studies between these three SNPs and laying performance traits were performed in Erlang mountainous chicken. Notably, the SNP g.14604G>T of CRBP1 was shown to be significantly associated with body weight at first egg (BWFE), age at first egg (AFE), weight at first egg (WFE) and total number of eggs with 300 age (EN). The CRBP3 polymorphism g.934C>G was associated with AFE, and the g.1324A>G was associated with AFE and BWFE, but none of these polymorphisms were associated with egg quality traits. Haplotype combinations constructed on these two SNPs of CRBP3 gene were associated with BWFE and AFE. In particular, diplotype H2H2 had positive effect on AFE, BWFE, EN, and average egg-laying interval. We herein describe for the first time basic research on the polymorphism of chicken CRBP1 and CRBP3 genes that is predictive of genetic potential for laying performance in chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Breed Improving Station of Livestock and Poultry of Zunyi City, Guizhou, 563000, China
| | - Li-Hua Xiao
- Breed Improving Station of Livestock and Poultry of Zunyi City, Guizhou, 563000, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Zhao
- Breed Improving Station of Livestock and Poultry of Zunyi City, Guizhou, 563000, China
| | - Yi-Ping Liu
- Breed Improving Station of Livestock and Poultry of Zunyi City, Guizhou, 563000, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Breed Improving Station of Livestock and Poultry of Zunyi City, Guizhou, 563000, China
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Shit N, Singh RP, Sastry KVH, Agarwal R, Singh R, Pandey NK, Mohan J. Effect of Dietary L-ascorbic Acid (L-AA) on Production Performance, Egg Quality Traits and Fertility in Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) at Low Ambient Temperature. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 25:1009-14. [PMID: 25049657 PMCID: PMC4092970 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Environmental stress boosts the levels of stress hormones and accelerates energy expenditure which subsequently imbalance the body’s homeostasis. L-ascorbic acid (L-AA) has been recognized to mitigate the negative impact of environmental stress on production performances in birds. The present investigation was carried out to elucidate the effect of different dietary levels of L-AA on production performance, egg quality traits and fertility in Japanese quail at low ambient temperature. Sixty matured females (15 wks) were equally divided into three groups (20/group) based on the different dietary levels of L-AA (0, 250 and 500 ppm) and coupled with an equal number of males (1:1) obtained from the same hatch. They were managed in uniform husbandry conditions without restriction of feed and water at 14 h photo-schedule. Except for feed efficiency, body weight change, feed consumption and hen-day egg production were recorded highest in 500 ppm L-AA supplemented groups. Among the all egg quality traits studied, only specific gravity, shell weight and thickness differed significantly (p<0.05) in the present study. Fertility was improved significantly (p<0.01) to a dose dependent manner of L-AA. The findings of the present study concluded that dietary L-AA can be a caring management practice at least in part to alleviate the adverse effect of cold induced stress on production performance in Japanese quail.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shit
- Both the authors contributed equally
| | - R P Singh
- Both the authors contributed equally
| | | | - R Agarwal
- Both the authors contributed equally
| | - R Singh
- Both the authors contributed equally
| | | | - J Mohan
- Both the authors contributed equally
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23
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Lokhande A, Ingale SL, Lee SH, Kim JS, Lohakare JD, Chae BJ, Kwon IK. The Effects of Rhodobacter capsulatus KCTC-2583 on Cholesterol Metabolism, Egg Production and Quality Parameters during the Late Laying Periods in Hens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 26:831-7. [PMID: 25049857 PMCID: PMC4093247 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of Rhodobacter capsulatus KCTC-2583 on egg-yolk and serum cholesterol, egg production and quality parameters during the late laying periods in hens. A total of 160 Hy-Line Brown layers (54 wk-old) were randomly allotted to 4 treatment groups on the basis of laying performance. Each treatment had 4 replicates with 10 birds each (40 birds per treatment). Two hens were confined individually with cage size 35×35×40 cm and each 10 birds (5 cages) shared a common feed trough between them forming one experimental unit. Dietary treatments were; basal diet supplemented with 0 (control), 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15% R. capsulatus KCTC-2583. Experimental diets were fed in meal form for 56 d. Dietary supplementation of increasing levels of R. capsulatus KCTC-2583 reduced (linear, p<0.05) egg-yolk cholesterol and triglycerides (d 28, 42 and 56) concentrations. Also, serum cholesterol and triglycerides (d 21, 42 and 56) concentrations were linearly reduced (p<0.05) with increasing dietary R. capsulatus KCTC-2583. Laying hens fed a diet supplemented with increasing levels of R. capsulatus KCTC-2583 had increased (linear; p<0.05) overall egg production, egg weight, egg mass and feed efficiency. However, dietary treatments had no effect (linear or quadratic; p>0.05) on feed intake of laying hens. At d 28 and 56, breaking strength and yolk colour of eggs were linearly improved (p<0.05) in laying hens fed dietary increasing levels of R. capsulatus KCTC-2583. Dietary treatment had no effects (linear or quadratic; p>0.05) on albumin height, shell thickness and shell weight at any period of experiment. These results indicate that dietary supplementation of R. capsulatus KCTC-2583 has the potential to improve the laying hen performance and lead to the development of low cholesterol eggs during late laying period in Hy-Line Brown hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushka Lokhande
- Department of Animal Products and Food Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
| | - S L Ingale
- Department of Animal Products and Food Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Department of Animal Products and Food Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
| | - J S Kim
- Department of Animal Products and Food Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
| | - J D Lohakare
- Department of Animal Products and Food Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
| | - B J Chae
- Department of Animal Products and Food Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
| | - I K Kwon
- Department of Animal Products and Food Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
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Guo XY, Kim IH. Impacts of Limestone Multi-particle Size on Production Performance, Egg Shell Quality, and Egg Quality in Laying Hens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 25:839-44. [PMID: 25049635 PMCID: PMC4093090 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Revised: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of single or multi-particle size limestone on the egg shell quality, egg production, egg quality and feed intake in laying hens. A total of 280 laying hens (ISA brown) were used in this 10-wk trial. Laying hens were randomly assigned to 4 treatments with 14 replications per treatment and 5 adjacent cages as a replication (hens were caged individually). The experimental treatments were: i) L, basal diet+10% large particle limestone; ii) LS1, basal diet+8% large particle limestone+2% small particle limestone; iii) LS2, basal diet+6% large particle limestone+4% small particle limestone; iv) S, basal diet+10% small particle limestone. The egg production was unaffected by dietary treatments. The egg weight in S treatment was lighter than other treatments (p<0.05). The egg specific gravity in S treatment was lower than other treatments (p<0.05). The eggshell strength and eggshell thickness in S treatment were decreased when compared with other dietary treatments (p<0.05). The laying hens in LS1 and LS2 treatment had a higher average feed intake than the other two treatments (p<0.05). Collectively, the dietary multi-particle size limestone supplementation could be as efficient as large particle size limestone.
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Oh ST, Zheng L, Shin YK, An BK, Kang CW. Effects of dietary persimmon peel and its ethanol extract on the production performance and liver lipids in the late stage of egg production in laying hens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2013; 26:260-5. [PMID: 25049785 PMCID: PMC4093163 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the dietary effects of persimmon peel (PP) and PP ethanol extract (PPE) on egg production, egg quality, and liver lipids in the late stage of egg production in laying hens. One hundred and twenty 50-wk-old Hy-Line Brown layers (n = 120) were fed different diets. Four replicate groups of 6 hens each were randomly assigned to 5 dietary treatments. The 5 dietary treatments were as follows: i) CON, basal diet; ii) PP 0.15, CON+0.15% PP (0.035% tannin); iii) PP 0.5, CON +0.5% PP (0.117% tannin); iv) PPE 0.075, CON+0.075% PPE (0.03% tannin); and v) PPE 0.25, CON+0.25% PPE (0.11% tannin). The total tannin concentration of PPE was higher (p<0.05) than that of PP. Egg production in the PP 0.5 group was higher than in the other groups. Egg production and mass of hens in the PPE 0.25 group showed a greater decrease than that in the other groups (p<0.05). Eggshell color in the PP 0.15, PP 0.5, and PPE 0.075 groups was lighter than that of the control group (p<0.05). The Haugh unit for the groups that were fed PP and PPE were significantly higher than that in the other groups after 7 d of storage (p<0.05). Therefore, PP seems an effective feed additive for improving the production performance and egg quality in late stage laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Oh
- College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - L Zheng
- College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Y K Shin
- College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - B K An
- College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - C W Kang
- College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
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Zheng L, Oh ST, Jeon JY, Moon BH, Kwon HS, Lim SU, An BK, Kang CW. The Dietary Effects of Fermented Chlorella vulgaris (CBT(®)) on Production Performance, Liver Lipids and Intestinal Microflora in Laying Hens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2012; 25:261-6. [PMID: 25049560 PMCID: PMC4093139 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fermented Chlorella vulgaris CBT® was evaluated for its effects on egg production, egg quality, liver lipids and intestinal microflora in laying hens. One hundred and eight Hy-line Brown layers (n = 108), 80 wk of age, were fed a basal diet supplemented with CBT® at the level of 0, 1,000 or 2,000 mg/kg, respectively for 42 d. Egg production was measured daily and egg quality was measured every two weeks. Five eggs from each replicate were collected randomly to determine egg quality. Egg production increased linearly with increasing levels of CBT® supplementation (p<0.05), although there was no significant effect of treatment on feed intake. Egg yolk color (p<0.001) and Haugh unit (p<0.01) improved linearly with increasing dietary CBT®. Hepatic triacylglycerol level was linearly decreased with increasing dietary CBT® (p<0.05). The supplemental CBT® resulted in linear (p<0.001) and quadratic (p<0.01) response in population of cecal lactic acid bacteria. In conclusion, fermented Chlorella vulgaris supplemented to laying hen diets improved egg production, egg yolk color, Haugh unit and positively affected the contents of hepatic triacylglycerol and the profiles of cecal microflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zheng
- Daesang Corp., Ichon-city, Kyoungki-do, 467-813, Korea
| | - S T Oh
- Daesang Corp., Ichon-city, Kyoungki-do, 467-813, Korea
| | - J Y Jeon
- Daesang Corp., Ichon-city, Kyoungki-do, 467-813, Korea
| | - B H Moon
- Celltech, Co., Ltd, Eumseong-gun, Chung buk, 369-841, Korea
| | - H S Kwon
- Ace M&F, Co., Ltd, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-805, Korea
| | - S U Lim
- Ace M&F, Co., Ltd, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-805, Korea
| | - B K An
- Daesang Corp., Ichon-city, Kyoungki-do, 467-813, Korea
| | - C W Kang
- Daesang Corp., Ichon-city, Kyoungki-do, 467-813, Korea
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