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Hagen RR, Xu C, Koay HF, Konstantinov IE, Berzins SP, Kedzierska K, van de Sandt CE. Methodological optimisation of thymocyte isolation and cryopreservation of human thymus samples. J Immunol Methods 2024; 528:113651. [PMID: 38417671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2024.113651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Premature lymphocytes develop into non-autoreactive, mature naïve CD4+ or CD8+ T cells in the thymus before entering the circulation. However, in-depth characterization of human thymocyte development remains challenging due to limited availability of human thymus samples and the fragile nature of thymocyte populations. Thymocytes often do not survive cryopreservation and thawing procedures, especially the fragile CD4+CD8+ double positive population. It is generally recommended to use fresh human thymus tissue on the day of excision to avoid any biases in thymocyte composition. This hampers the possibility to perform multiple experiments on the same thymus sample. To establish how the thymocyte viability and composition can be maintained, we compared two thymocyte isolation methods used for human and/or mice thymi, three cryopreservation methods in combination with our most gentle thawing technique. Based on our findings we established that fresh human thymi remain viable in cold storage for up to two days post-surgery without compromising thymocyte composition. Thymocytes can be cryopreserved if required, although the CD4+CD8+ double positive populations may be reduced. Our study provides thoroughly optimized methods to study human thymocyte development over a considerable time-frame post-surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth R Hagen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Calvin Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Hui-Fern Koay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Igor E Konstantinov
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Deparment of Paediatrics, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Melbourne Centre for Cardiovascular Genomics and Regenerative Medicine, Melbourne, Australia; Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stuart P Berzins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Australia
| | - Katherine Kedzierska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Carolien E van de Sandt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
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Fekadu D, Abera S, Weldemichael H. The influences of street food vendor frying equipment on the quality of frying oil. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28293. [PMID: 38586401 PMCID: PMC10998129 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This study was initiated to determine the quality of fresh and used oil for street vendor fried food products in Harar City, Ethiopia. Using a purposive sample technique, 12 respondents were selected for the study. The study obtained a total of 12 oil samples, categorized as fresh, in-use, and discarded, from two distinct groups of respondents. Specifically, six samples were collected from vendors utilizing an electric fryer constructed from stainless steel, while the remaining six samples were acquired from vendors employing a pan heated by wood or charcoal.The moisture content of fresh, in-use, and discarded oil samples, among other physical characteristics of the samples obtained from two types of vendors, was examined and found to vary between 0.14 and 0.44%, 0.19 and 0.52%, and 0.25 and 0.75%, respectively. Comparably, the refractive indices of oil samples that were fresh, in use, and discarded were 1.4595-1.4686, 1.4670-1.4885, and 1.4810-1.4960, in that order. Furthermore, the ranges of viscosities for fresh oil, oil samples in use, and oil samples that were discarded were 57.15-76.94, 100-196.50, and 210.22-288.50 mPa, respectively. Chemical properties, including % free fatty acid for similar samples, range from 0.22 to 1.30, 1.12 2.54, and 1.38-3.66%, respectively. Peroxide values of fresh, in-use, and discarded oil samples, have a maximum value of 11.19 meq/kg, 42.90, and 57.60 meq/kg, respectively. The iodine value showed the highest value for the fresh oil sample, while the minimum was obtained under discarded oil sample. The result indicated that they used low-quality oil. The values obtained after frying for samples collected from vendors who used a pan fryer heated with charcoal or wood fire deviated significantly from the requirements, indicating that the palm oil used by those street vendors was unsafe to consume because it could endanger the consumers' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmawit Fekadu
- Department of Food Technology and Process Engineering, Institute of Technology, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Abera
- Department of Food Technology and Process Engineering, Institute of Technology, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Helen Weldemichael
- Department of Food Process Engineering, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
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Peyser A, Gulersen M, Krantz D, Li X, Bornstein E, Rochelson B, Mullin C, Goldman R. The impact of fresh versus frozen-thawed embryos on maternal serum analyte levels in IVF singleton and twin pregnancies. J Assist Reprod Genet 2024; 41:473-481. [PMID: 38133878 PMCID: PMC10894779 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-023-03007-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether embryo cryopreservation is associated with a difference in maternal serum analyte levels in singleton and twin pregnancies conceived via in vitro fertilization (IVF). METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of singleton and twin pregnancies conceived via IVF from a university health system from 01/2014 to 09/2019. Patients with available first and second trimester serum analyte data were included and analyzed separately. Multiple of the median (MoM) values for free β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG), pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), Inhibin A, and unconjugated estriol (uE3) were compared between two groups: pregnancies conceived after the transfer of fresh embryos versus pregnancies conceived after the transfer of frozen-thawed embryos. Multiple linear regression of log MoM values with F test was performed to adjust for potential confounders. RESULTS For singletons, fresh embryos were associated with a lower median first trimester free β-hCG (1.00 MoM vs. 1.14 MoM; parameter estimate [PE] 0.90, 95% CI 0.82-0.99, p = .03) compared to frozen-thawed embryos. Fresh embryos were also associated with a lower median second trimester uE3 (0.93 MoM vs. 1.05 MoM; PE 0.88, CI 0.83-0.95, p = .0004) and AFP (1.02 MoM vs. 1.19 MoM; PE 0.91, CI 0.84-0.99, p = .02) compared to frozen-thawed embryos in singletons. There were no significant differences between median first and second trimester serum analytes in twin pregnancies compared between the two groups. CONCLUSION Singleton pregnancies derived from fresh embryos had lower first (free β-hCG) and second (uE3 and AFP) trimester analytes compared to frozen-thawed embryos. Twin pregnancies demonstrated no difference between the groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Peyser
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, North Shore University Hospital - Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 300 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
| | - Moti Gulersen
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Krantz
- Prenatal Screening Lab, Northwell Health Laboratories, Lake Success, NY, USA
| | - Xueying Li
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Eran Bornstein
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lenox Hill Hospital - Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, NY, USA
| | - Burton Rochelson
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, North Shore University Hospital - Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Christine Mullin
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, North Shore University Hospital - Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 300 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Randi Goldman
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, North Shore University Hospital - Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 300 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
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Connelly-Smith L, Gooley T, Roberts L, Mielcarek M, Linenberger M, Petersdorf E, Sandmaier BM, Milano F. Cryopreservation of Growth Factor-Mobilized Peripheral Blood Stem Cells Does Not Compromise Major Outcomes after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Single-Center Experience. Transplant Cell Ther 2023; 29:700.e1-700.e8. [PMID: 37659695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2023.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
During the Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, cryopreservation of allogeneic donor stem cell products ensured the availability of products at the start of conditioning for hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Following recommendations from unrelated donor registries, including the National Marrow Donor Program, many centers began to cryopreserve related donor peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) products. Throughout this process, several centers have published outcomes with cryopreserved versus fresh products, some with conflicting results. Even though cryopreservation was initially considered only a temporary measure driven by the pandemic, potential advantages include greater flexibility of transplantation timing. However, concerns about detrimental effects of cryopreservation, including increased risk of graft rejection, relapse, and consequent mortality, remained. The primary objective of the present study was to describe our center's experience comparing outcomes following PBSC transplantation with cryopreserved versus fresh grafts. This was an observational case study with a retrospective review comparing cryopreserved grafts (n = 213) to a recent historical cohort (controls) using fresh grafts (n = 167). In multivariable analyses, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for fresh versus cryopreserved grafts was 1.20 (95% confidence interval [CI], .79 to 1.82; P = .40) for overall mortality, .99 (95% CI, .55 to 1.77; P = .98) for nonrelapse mortality, and .94 (95% CI, .60 to 1.48; P = .80) for relapse. The adjusted HR for platelet engraftment was 1.31 (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.63; P = .02) and the odds ratio of grade III-IV acute GVHD was 1.75 (95% CI, 1.01 to 3.04; P = .05) with fresh grafts compared to cryopreserved grafts. There was no demonstrable difference in the risk of chronic GHVD. Although longer-term follow-up is needed, these data provide preliminary reassurance that in the event of another pandemic or should the logistical need arise in individual patients, cryopreservation of PBSC products is a reasonably safe alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Connelly-Smith
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington.
| | - Ted Gooley
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Laura Roberts
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Marco Mielcarek
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington; Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Michael Linenberger
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Effie Petersdorf
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Translation Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Brenda M Sandmaier
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Translation Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Filippo Milano
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Translation Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
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Kyomugasho C, Wainaina I, Grauwet T, Van Loey A, Hendrickx ME. Bean softening during hydrothermal processing is greatly limited by pectin solubilization rather than protein denaturation or starch gelatinization. Food Res Int 2023; 165:112471. [PMID: 36869484 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The rate liming step of bean softening during cooking was evaluated. Red kidney beans (fresh/non-aged and aged) were cooked at different temperatures (70-95 °C) and their texture evolution established. Softening of beans (loss of hard texture) with cooking and increasing cooking temperature was evident at ≥ 80 °C more so for non-aged than aged beans, evidencing hard-to-cook development during storage. Beans at each cooking time and temperature were subsequently classified into narrow texture ranges and bean cotyledons in the most frequent texture class evaluated for the extent of starch gelatinization, protein denaturation and pectin solubilization. During cooking, starch gelatinization was shown to precede pectin solubilization and protein denaturation, with these reactions progressing faster and to a greater extent with increasing cooking temperature. At 95 °C for instance (practical bean processing temperature), complete starch gelatinization and protein denaturation is attained earlier (∼10 and 60 min cooking, respectively and at comparable time moments for both non-aged and aged beans) than plateau bean texture (∼120 and 270 min for non-aged and aged beans)/plateau pectin solubilization. The extent of pectin solubilization in the cotyledons was consequently most correlated (negatively, r = 0.95) with and plays the most significant role (P < 0.0001) in directing the relative texture of beans during cooking. Ageing was shown to significantly retard bean softening. Protein denaturation plays a less significant role (P = 0.007) while the contribution of starch gelatinization is insignificant (P = 0.181). Thermo-solubilization of pectin in bean cotyledons is therefore the rate limiting step of bean softening towards attaining a palatable texture during cooking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Kyomugasho
- Laboratory of Food Technology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M(2)S), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Irene Wainaina
- Laboratory of Food Technology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M(2)S), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tara Grauwet
- Laboratory of Food Technology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M(2)S), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Van Loey
- Laboratory of Food Technology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M(2)S), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc E Hendrickx
- Laboratory of Food Technology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M(2)S), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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6
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Munshi M, Borradori L, Yawalkar N, Heidemeyer K. Pool Toes: A Case Report. Case Rep Dermatol 2023; 15:31-34. [PMID: 36747917 PMCID: PMC9898809 DOI: 10.1159/000529079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pool toes, a sport-related dermatosis, are caused by mechanical friction and water exposure, resulting in a special variant of irritant contact dermatitis. It is common in children, often misdiagnosed, and rarely reported. Here we report a case of a 7-year-old girl who developed this unusual type of frictional dermatitis; a pool toes diagnosis has been made. With topical corticosteroids, favorable results have been achieved. The recovery and healing process will be facilitated if one is aware of the underlying causes of such dermatitis and ceases the triggering factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Munshi
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital - Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Luca Borradori
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital - Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nikhil Yawalkar
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital - Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kristine Heidemeyer
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital - Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Afzal A, Beavers WN, Skaar EP, Calhoun MC, Richardson KA, Landstreet SR, Cliffel DE, Wright D, Bastarache JA, Ware LB. Ultraviolet light oxidation of fresh hemoglobin eliminates aggregate formation seen in commercially sourced hemoglobin. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2023; 98:102699. [PMID: 36027791 PMCID: PMC10024311 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2022.102699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Elevated levels of circulating cell-free hemoglobin (CFH) are an integral feature of several clinical conditions including sickle cell anemia, sepsis, hemodialysis and cardiopulmonary bypass. Oxidized (Fe3+, ferric) hemoglobin contributes to the pathophysiology of these disease states and is therefore widely studied in experimental models, many of which use commercially sourced CFH. In this study, we treated human endothelial cells with commercially sourced ferric hemoglobin and observed the appearance of dense cytoplasmic aggregates (CAgg) over time. These CAgg were intensely autofluorescent, altered intracellular structures (such as mitochondria), formed in multiple cell types and with different media composition, and formed regardless of the presence or absence of cells. An in-depth chemical analysis of these CAgg revealed that they contain inorganic components and are not pure hemoglobin. To oxidize freshly isolated hemoglobin without addition of an oxidizing agent, we developed a novel method to convert ferrous CFH to ferric CFH using ultraviolet light without the need for additional redox agents. Unlike commercial ferric hemoglobin, treatment of cells with the fresh ferric hemoglobin did not lead to CAgg formation. These studies suggest that commercially sourced CFH may contain stabilizers and additives which contribute to CAgg formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqeela Afzal
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - William N Beavers
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisina State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Eric P Skaar
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Stuart R Landstreet
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David E Cliffel
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David Wright
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Julie A Bastarache
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lorraine B Ware
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Steele M, Lambert D, Bissonnette R, Yamamoto E, Hardie K, Locas A. Norovirus GI and GII and hepatitis A virus in berries and pomegranate arils in Canada. Int J Food Microbiol 2022; 379:109840. [PMID: 35905649 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Between 2016 and 2021, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) collected 4218 samples of fresh and frozen berries (blackberries, blueberries, raspberries, strawberries and mixed berries) and pomegranate arils at retail across 11 major cities in Canada and tested these samples for the presence of norovirus GI, norovirus GII and hepatitis A virus RNA. The purpose of this testing was to provide information on the prevalence of these viruses in berries and pomegranate arils on the Canadian marketplace. Of the 926 fresh fruit samples tested, norovirus GI RNA was detected in one raspberry sample and norovirus GII RNA was detected in one strawberry sample. Of the 3292 frozen fruit samples tested, norovirus GI RNA was detected in one blackberry sample, one raspberry sample and one strawberry sample, and norovirus GII RNA was detected in one blueberry sample, three raspberry samples, four strawberry samples, one pomegranate arils sample and one mixed berry sample. None of the fresh or frozen fruit samples tested positive for hepatitis A virus RNA. No statistically significant associations were observed between the prevalence of viral RNA in samples of fresh and frozen fruit, between the prevalence of viral RNA in samples of domestic and imported fruit or between the prevalence of viral RNA in samples of specific fruit types. Overall, the prevalence of norovirus GI and GII RNA together in fresh and frozen fruit samples in Canada was 0.36 %. The results of this study may be used to refine surveillance programs for norovirus and hepatitis A virus in fresh and frozen berries and pomegranate arils, e.g. by adapting the commodities tested and/or the numbers of planned samples to better target these hazards. This information may also be used to inform other Government of Canada approaches to better understand the controls associated norovirus and hepatitis A virus in fresh and frozen berries and pomegranate arils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Steele
- Food Safety Science Directorate, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 1400 Merivale Rd., Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0Y9.
| | - Dominic Lambert
- Food Virology National Reference Centre, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, St-Hyacinthe Laboratory, 3400 Casavant Boulevard West, St-Hyacinthe J2S 8E3, QC, Canada
| | - Rachel Bissonnette
- Food Virology National Reference Centre, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, St-Hyacinthe Laboratory, 3400 Casavant Boulevard West, St-Hyacinthe J2S 8E3, QC, Canada
| | - Etsuko Yamamoto
- Food Safety Science Directorate, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 1400 Merivale Rd., Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0Y9
| | - Kate Hardie
- Food Safety Science Directorate, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 1400 Merivale Rd., Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0Y9
| | - Annie Locas
- Food Safety Science Directorate, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 1400 Merivale Rd., Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0Y9
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Harris RJ, Youngman NJ, Chan W, Bosmans F, Cheney KL, Fry BG. Getting stoned: Characterisation of the coagulotoxic and neurotoxic effects of reef stonefish (Synanceia verrucosa) venom. Toxicol Lett 2021; 346:16-22. [PMID: 33878385 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The reef stonefish (Synanceia verrucosa) is a venomous fish which causes excruciatingly painful envenomations. While some research on the pathophysiology and functions of the venom have been conducted, there are still some gaps in the understanding of the venom effects due to the extreme lability of fish venom toxins and the lack of available testing platforms. Here we set out to assess new functions of the venom whilst also attempting to address some unclear pathophysiological effects from previous literature. Utilising a biolayer interferometry assay, our results highlight that the venom binds to the orthosteric site of the α-1 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor as well as the domain IV of voltage-gated Ca2+ (CaV1.2) channel mimotopes. Both these results add some clarity to the previously ambiguous literature. We further assessed the coagulotoxic effects of the venom using thromboelastography and Stago STA-R Max coagulation analyser assays. We reveal that the venom produced anticoagulant activity and significantly delayed time until clot formation of recalcified human plasma which is likely through the degradation of phospholipids. There was a difference between fresh and lyophilised venom activity toward the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor mimotopes and coagulation assays, whilst no difference was observed in the activity toward the domain IV of CaV1.2 mimotopes. This research adds further insights into the neglected area of fish venom whilst also highlighting the extreme labile nature of fish venom toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Harris
- Venom Evolution Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Nicholas J Youngman
- Venom Evolution Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Weili Chan
- Visual Ecology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Frank Bosmans
- Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karen L Cheney
- Visual Ecology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Bryan G Fry
- Venom Evolution Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
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10
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Baydaş Z, Bacanli M, Başaran N. Does storage conditions of whole blood or blood cells effect genotoxicity assessment by comet assay? Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 152:112163. [PMID: 33836211 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Comet assay, applied to in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo systems, is a quick, simple, and sensitive method for the detection of genotoxicity. In general, fresh whole blood or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are used in the assay for the determination of DNA damage and repair. In this study, the effects of storage conditions on genotoxicity assessed by Comet assay in human whole blood and lymphocyte samples, were evaluated. Whole blood and lymphocyte samples were stored at 4 °C for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 days; at -20 °C for 1 month and at -80 °C for 3, 6 and 12 months. 1% DMSO was used as cryoprotectant. No significant differences in DNA damage were demonstrated in all of the storage conditions and durations, and the results were similar according to the median values (p < 0.05). According to Spearman or Pearson correlations, an important correlation was found between the DNA damage of the fresh samples and the samples which were kept at -80 °C for 6 months with temperature and time (p < 0.01 for Pearson and p < 0.05 for Spearman). The results of this study indicated that blood and lymphocyte samples stored in +4 °C, -20 °C and -80 °C up to 12 months can be used instead of fresh samples especially in human biomonitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Baydaş
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merve Bacanli
- University of Health Sciences Turkey Gülhane Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Nurşen Başaran
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey.
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11
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Schreiner AJ, Stannard JP, Cook CR, Oladeji LO, Smith PA, Rucinski K, Cook JL. Initial clinical outcomes comparing frozen versus fresh meniscus allograft transplants. Knee 2020; 27:1811-1820. [PMID: 33197821 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2020.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate initial clinical outcomes using fresh meniscal allografts with high cell viability at transplantation time and meniscotibial ligament (MTL) reconstruction (Fresh) in comparison to standard fresh-frozen (Frozen) meniscus allograft transplantation (MAT). METHODS Patients treated for medial and/or lateral meniscal deficiency using either Fresh or Frozen MAT with minimum of 1-year follow-up were identified from a prospective registry. Patient demographics, prior surgeries, MAT surgery data, complications, revisions, and failures were documented. Functional outcome scores were collected preoperatively, and 6 months and yearly after surgery and radiographic joint space measurements were performed. Treatment cohorts were compared for statistically significant (P < 0.005) differences using t-Tests and Fisher's exact tests. RESULTS Twenty-seven patients (14 Fresh, 13 Frozen) met inclusion criteria and showed comparable characteristics. For Fresh MAT + MTL, 10 medial, two lateral, and two medial + lateral MAT were performed. For Frozen MAT, nine medial, and four lateral MAT were performed. There was significantly more improvement in the Fresh cohort compared to the Frozen cohort for VAS pain (P = 0.014), PROMIS Physical Function (P = 0.036) and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (P = 0.033) from preoperatively to 2 years postoperatively. Tegner Activity Scale and PROMIS Mobility score showed no significant differences. The International Knee Documentation Committee score revealed a clinically meaningful change for the Fresh group. Radiographic measurements showed no significant differences between groups. There were two Fresh MAT + MTL revisions and one conversion to TKA in each cohort. CONCLUSIONS Fresh MAT + MTL is safe and associated with potential advantages with respect to initial pain relief and function compared to standard frozen MAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna J Schreiner
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; BG Center for Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, University of Missouri, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - James P Stannard
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, University of Missouri, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Columbia, MO, USA; Mizzou BioJoint Center, University of Missouri Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Cristi R Cook
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, University of Missouri, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Lasun O Oladeji
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, University of Missouri, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Patrick A Smith
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Columbia Orthopaedic Group, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Kylee Rucinski
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Mizzou BioJoint Center, University of Missouri Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - James L Cook
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, University of Missouri, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Columbia, MO, USA; Mizzou BioJoint Center, University of Missouri Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Columbia, MO, USA.
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12
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Dave C, McRae A, Doxtator E, Mei SHJ, Sullivan K, Wolfe D, Champagne J, McIntyre L. Comparison of freshly cultured versus freshly thawed (cryopreserved) mesenchymal stem cells in preclinical in vivo models of inflammation: a protocol for a preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis. Syst Rev 2020; 9:188. [PMID: 32814560 PMCID: PMC7437051 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-020-01437-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that demonstrate therapeutic potential for the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory-mediated conditions. Especially for acute conditions, it is critical to have a readily available freshly thawed (cryopreserved) MSC product for rapid administration. Although controversial, some studies suggest that MSCs may lose their functionality with cryopreservation which in turn could render them non-efficacious. OBJECTIVE In controlled preclinical in vivo models of inflammation, to determine if there are differences in surrogate measures of preclinical efficacy between freshly cultured and freshly thawed MSCs METHODS/DESIGN: A systematic search for pre-clinical in vivo inflammatory model studies will compare freshly cultured to freshly thawed MSCs from any source. The primary outcomes will include measures of in vivo preclinical efficacy; secondary outcomes will include measures of in vitro MSC potency. Electronic searches for MEDLINE and EMBASE will be constructed and reviewed by the Peer Review of Electronic Search Strategies (PRESS) process. If applicable, study outcomes will be meta-analyzed using a random effects model. Risk of bias will be assessed by the SYRCLE "Risk of Bias" assessment tool for preclinical in vivo studies. DISCUSSION The results of this systematic review will provide translational scientists, clinical trialists, health regulators, and the clinical and public community with the current pre-clinical evidence base related to the efficacy and potency of freshly cultured versus freshly thawed MSCs, help identify evidence gaps, and guide future related research. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION Protocol is submitted to PROSPERO for registration (pending confirmation) and will be submitted to Collaborative Approach to Meta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data from Experimental Studies (CAMARADES) for public posting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chintan Dave
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea McRae
- Sinclair Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Emily Doxtator
- Sinclair Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Shirley H J Mei
- Sinclair Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Katrina Sullivan
- Sinclair Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dianna Wolfe
- Knowledge Synthesis Group, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Josee Champagne
- Sinclair Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lauralyn McIntyre
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada. .,Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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13
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Tinn Teh W, Polyakov A, Garrett C, Edgar D, Mcbain J, Adrian Walton Rogers P. Reduced live birth rates in frozen versus fresh single cleavage stage embryo transfer cycles: A cross -sectional study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2020; 18:491-500. [PMID: 32803114 PMCID: PMC7385911 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v13i7.7366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have suggested that embryo-endometrial developmental asynchrony caused by slow-growing embryos can be corrected by freezing the embryo and transferring it back in a subsequent cycle. Therefore, we hypothesized that live birth rates (LBR) would be higher in frozen embryo transfer (FET) compared with fresh embryo transfers. Objective To compare LBR between fresh and FET cycles. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional analysis of 10,744 single autologous embryo transfer cycles that used a single cleavage stage embryo was performed. Multivariate analysis was performed to compare LBR between FET and fresh cycles, after correcting for various confounding factors. Sub-analysis was also performed in cycles using slow embryos. Results Both LBR (19.13% vs 14.13%) and clinical pregnancy (22.48% vs 16.25%) rates (CPR) were higher in the fresh cycle group (p < 0.00). Multivariate analysis for confounding factors also confirmed that women receiving a frozen-thawed embryo had a significantly lower LBR rate compared to those receiving a fresh embryo (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.68-0.86, p < 0.00). In the sub-analysis of 1,154 cycles using slow embryos, there was no statistical difference in LBR (6.40% vs 6.26%, p = 0.92) or CPR (8.10% vs 7.22%, p = 0.58) between the two groups. Conclusion This study shows a lower LBR in FET cycles when compared to fresh cycles. Our results suggest that any potential gains in LBR due to improved embryo-endometrial synchrony following FET are lost, presumably due to freeze-thaw process-related embryo damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Tinn Teh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Reproductive Services, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Melbourne IVF, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alex Polyakov
- Reproductive Services, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Melbourne IVF, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - David Edgar
- Melbourne IVF, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John Mcbain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Reproductive Services, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Melbourne IVF, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Adrian Walton Rogers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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14
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Hoogendoorn KH, Crommelin DJA, Jiskoot W. Formulation of Cell-Based Medicinal Products: A Question of Life or Death? J Pharm Sci 2020; 110:1885-1894. [PMID: 32649938 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The formulation of cell-based medicinal products (CBMPs) poses major challenges because of their complexity, heterogeneity, interaction with their environment (e.g., the formulation buffer, interfaces), and susceptibility to degradation. These challenges can be quality, safety, and efficacy related. In this commentary we discuss the current status in formulation strategies of off-the-shelf and non-off-the-shelf (patient-specific) CBMPs and highlight advantages and disadvantages of each strategy. Analytical tools for the characterization and stability assessment of CBMP formulations are addressed as well. Finally, we discuss unmet needs and make some recommendations regarding the formulation of CBMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin H Hoogendoorn
- Leiden University Medical Center, Hospital Pharmacy, Interdivisional GMP Facility, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Daan J A Crommelin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wim Jiskoot
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, the Netherlands.
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15
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Arzi B, Peralta S, Fiani N, Vapniarsky N, Taechangam N, Delatorre U, Clark KC, Walker NJ, Loscar MR, Lommer MJ, Fulton A, Battig J, Borjesson DL. A multicenter experience using adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell therapy for cats with chronic, non-responsive gingivostomatitis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:115. [PMID: 32169089 PMCID: PMC7071622 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01623-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to modulate immune responses inspired a series of clinical trials addressing oral mucosal inflammation. We previously reported on the safety and efficacy of fresh, allogeneic and autologous, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) to treat feline gingivostomatitis (FCGS), an oral mucosal inflammatory disease that shares similarities with human oral lichen planus. METHODS To meet clinical demand and goals for future commercialization, we determined the feasibility of shipping fresh ASCs to distant clinics and extended our pilot studies to expand safety and efficacy data for shipped and non-shipped ASCs in a cohort of 18 FCGS cats enrolled locally and at a few different locations within the USA. RESULTS We found that ASCs retained their viability, phenotype, and function after shipment. ASCs administered systemically resulted in a 72% positive response rate, identical to that noted in our previous studies. Cats that responded to ASC therapy had a significant decrease in circulating globulin concentration and histological evidence of decreased CD3+ T cells and CD20+ B cells in the oral mucosa. Responder cats also had significantly decreased percentages of CD8lo cells in blood prior to and at 3 months post-ASC therapy. CD8lo cells may serve as a potential "predictor" for response to systemic ASC therapy. CONCLUSION Fresh feline ASCs can be successfully shipped and administered to cats with FCGS. ASCs modulate the immune response and demonstrate efficacy for chronic oral mucosal inflammatory lesions that are characterized by CD8+ T cell inflammation and T cell activation. FCGS is a potentially useful naturally occurring large animal model of human oral inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boaz Arzi
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA. .,Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Santiago Peralta
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Nadine Fiani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Natalia Vapniarsky
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Nopmanee Taechangam
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Ubaldo Delatorre
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Kaitlin C Clark
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Naomi J Walker
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Megan R Loscar
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis, CA, 9516, USA
| | - Milinda J Lommer
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Aggie Animal Dental Center, Mill Valley, California, USA
| | - Amy Fulton
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Aggie Animal Dental Center, Mill Valley, California, USA
| | - Jean Battig
- Animal Dental Clinic, Lake Oswego, OR, 97035, USA
| | - Dori L Borjesson
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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16
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Sannia M, Serva L, Balzan S, Segato S, Novelli E, Fasolato L. Application of near-infrared spectroscopy for frozen-thawed characterization of cuttlefish ( Sepia officinalis). J Food Sci Technol 2019; 56:4437-4447. [PMID: 31686675 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-03957-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Few works to date have reported the application of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for the characterization and authentication of cephalopods. This study investigated the feasibility of a portable NIRS instrument for the non-destructive freshness evaluation of fresh (F) and frozen-thawed (FT) cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis). Samples were examined by chemical, microbiological and sensorial analyses, during 13 days of conservation at 3 °C. The spectral data were collected on lateral mantle of cuttlefish, and different partial least squares discriminant analyses (PLS-DA) were applied for classification purposes. The interpretation of spectra was also investigated by applying the specific water coordinates, using aquaphotomics. Few significant differences in the wet chemistry and microbiological data were detected between F and FT during storage. The quality index method and microbiological analyses suggested similar behavior between F and FT samples until to near 9 days of shelf life. PLS-DA models with the spectral range 900-1650 nm achieved a classification precision of 0.91 between F and FT, while the performances for the prediction of storage days were less effective. The results of aquaphotomics plotted in aquagrams were suitable for the interpretation of the main physicochemical changes of cuttlefish throughout the shelf life. The water coordinates suggested a different molecular conformation of water species in the FT than F samples, with more free water molecules and a lower amount of bound species and the water solvation shell, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Sannia
- 1Health Science and Technologies Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (HST-ICIR), University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 41/E, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO Italy
| | - Lorenzo Serva
- 2Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD Italy
| | - Stefania Balzan
- 3Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Severino Segato
- 2Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD Italy
| | - Enrico Novelli
- 3Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Luca Fasolato
- 3Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
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Abstract
In both research and diagnostics, immunohistochemistry is an essential method for assessing pathology in neurodegenerative diseases. Typically, at autopsy, one hemisphere of the brain is formalin fixed for sectioning and histochemical analysis, while the other hemisphere is flash frozen for biochemical studies. While this process ensures the generation of high-quality slides, it is important to assess the pathology of tissue near pieces used for biochemical analyses, since pathology burden can be unevenly distributed throughout the brain (Fig. 1). Here, we describe a method for assessing alpha-synuclein (αSyn) pathology in unfixed human brain tissue using a novel monoclonal antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B Sanderson
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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18
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Papanikolaou EG, Timotheou E, Tatsi P, Janssens H, Grynberg M, Athanasiadis A, Zafeirati C, Najdecki R, Petousis S. COMFFETI, Combined Fresh and Frozen Embryo Transfers per Individual: A New Index of Quality Control for The Performance of emberyologic Labs in The Emerging Era of Segmentation of Cycle and Freeze-All Strategy. Int J Fertil Steril 2018; 12:339-342. [PMID: 30291697 PMCID: PMC6186277 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2019.5424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of in vitro fertilization (IVF) for treating human infertility has only one final efficacy index and
that is the achievement of a delivery. However, with the evolution of the freeze-all strategy, a new problem
is arising for evaluating the performance of an embryological team. The aim of the study was to present a
new representative index, combining fresh and frozen embryo transfer success rates. In this opinion article,
apart from the effectiveness of managing fresh gametes and embryos, we wish to evaluate the efficacy of
the processes of both freezing and thawing of the produced embryos. The reporting of pregnancy rates of
an IVF unit in the past was primarily laying in the fresh embryo transfer (ET) pregnancy rates. Now with
the most frequent utilization of freeze-all strategy, it does not seem logical to report only on poor prognosis
patients as all the good cases are postponed for thawed cycles. Ongoing implementation of the freeze-all
strategy has indicated the need to establish a new representative index that may combine the success of
both fresh and frozen cycles performed in the same woman; an index that may not be biased by the policy
of an IVF center towards or against the freeze-all strategy. This newly proposed index, which is referred to
as COMFFETI (Combined Fresh & Frozen Embryo Transfers per Individual), describes the optimal way to
report final reproductive outcomes in the present opinion article.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Evi Timotheou
- Assisting NATURE, Unit of Human Reproduction and Genetics, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Petroula Tatsi
- University Hospital of Brussels, Dutch-speaking Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hieronymus Janssens
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 3rd Department Ob Gyn, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michael Grynberg
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Avenue du 14 Juillet, Bondy, France
| | | | - Christina Zafeirati
- Assisting NATURE, Unit of Human Reproduction and Genetics, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Robert Najdecki
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Avenue du 14 Juillet, Bondy, France
| | - Stamatios Petousis
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 3rd Department Ob Gyn, Thessaloniki, Greece.Electronic Address:
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Guglielmetti C, Manfredi M, Brusadore S, Sciuto S, Esposito G, Ubaldi PG, Magnani L, Gili S, Marengo E, Acutis PL, Mazza M. Two-dimensional gel and shotgun proteomics approaches to distinguish fresh and frozen-thawed curled octopus (Eledone cirrhosa). J Proteomics 2018; 186:1-7. [PMID: 30055322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The substitution and sale of frozen-thawed fish labeled as fresh is a widespread, difficult to unmask commercial fraud and a potential risk for consumer health. Proteomics could help to identify markers for the rapid screening of food samples and the identification of frozen-thawed seafood. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and high-resolution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), we identified biomarkers that are able to discriminate between fresh and frozen-thawed tissue samples of curled octopus (Eledone cirrhosa). The 2-DE analysis showed a significant reduction in two protein spots (molecular weight of 45-50 kDa, isoelectric point of 6.5-7) identified as transgelin. At shotgun analysis, nine proteins resulted modulated and transgelin was confirmed as down-regulated, making it a potentially useful marker for differentiating between fresh and frozen-thawed fish product samples. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE This work, based on two different proteomics approaches, investigated differentially expressed proteins in the tentacles of the curled octopus (E. cirrhosa) after freezing-thawing processes. We were able to characterize the proteome of the tentacles, increasing our knowledge on this species, and a common down-regulated protein was identified by 2-DE and shotgun analysis, a calponin-like protein called transgelin, suggesting a potential use as a marker to distinguish different states of conservation in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Guglielmetti
- S.C. Neuroscienze con annesso CEA- S.S. Genetica ed Immunobiochimica - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Torino, Italy.
| | - Marcello Manfredi
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy; ISALIT, Spin-off dell'Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
| | - Sonia Brusadore
- S.C. Neuroscienze con annesso CEA- S.S. Genetica ed Immunobiochimica - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Torino, Italy.
| | - Simona Sciuto
- S.C. Neuroscienze con annesso CEA- S.S. Genetica ed Immunobiochimica - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Torino, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Esposito
- S.C. Neuroscienze con annesso CEA- S.S. Genetica ed Immunobiochimica - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Torino, Italy.
| | | | - Luca Magnani
- Esselunga Centro distribuzione, Biandrate, Italy.
| | - Stefano Gili
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale "Città di Torino", Torino, Italy.
| | - Emilio Marengo
- Dipartimento di Scienze ed Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy.
| | - Pier Luigi Acutis
- S.C. Neuroscienze con annesso CEA- S.S. Genetica ed Immunobiochimica - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Torino, Italy.
| | - Maria Mazza
- S.C. Neuroscienze con annesso CEA- S.S. Genetica ed Immunobiochimica - Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Torino, Italy.
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20
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Yuan S, Wei B, Tian Y, Yan J, Xu W, Wang L, Liu X. The comparison of clinical outcome of fresh type II odontoid fracture treatment between anterior cannulated screws fixation and posterior instrumentation of C1-2 without fusion: a retrospective cohort study. J Orthop Surg Res 2018; 13:3. [PMID: 29310670 PMCID: PMC5759802 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-017-0702-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, the excellent outcomes of temporary fixation of C1-2 without fusion in the treatment of odontoid fracture had been reported. It is still unclear if this technique could achieve the equivalent outcomes as the golden standard technique of anterior screw fixation. The objective of this study is to compare the clinical outcome of two treatments of fresh type II odontoid fracture: anterior cannulated screws fixation (ACSF) versus posterior instrumentation of C1-2 without fusion (PIWF). Methods This is a retrospective study. This series included 28 males and 8 females, and the mean age was 41.5 years (range, 22 to 70 years). Eleven patients were treated with ACSF, and 25 patients with PIWF. For PIWF, the implants were removed after fracture union was confirmed at 0.75~1.5 years later. All patients underwent preoperative and serial postoperative clinical examinations at approximately 3 months, 6 months, and annually thereafter. The neck disability index (NDI) was used to assess the neck discomfort caused by the operation. The range of rotary motion was evaluated at each visit. All fractures were reassessed postoperatively with serial X-films and CT scans of the cervical spine at each follow-up visit, to evaluate screw position, fracture alignment, and fusion status. Results All patients achieved immediate spinal stabilization after surgery, and none experienced neurologic deterioration. The follow-up periods ranged from 24 to 60 months. The average range of neck rotation was dramatically lost in PIWF after fixation (46° and 89° respectively in ACSF and PIWF), and recovered to 83° after the implant was removed. The NDI in PIWF was statistically higher than that in ACSF (5 and 13% respectively in ACSF and PIWF) after the first operation and decreased to 8% 1 year after the secondary operation. The fusion rates were 90.9 and 96% respectively in ACSF and PIWF. Both groups had a case of fracture non-union. Conclusions For fresh type II odontoid fractures, high rate of fracture union can be achieved by both ACSF and PIWF. For most fresh type II odontoid fractures, anterior screw fixation was the best option for its simplicity and preservation of normal atlanto-axial rotary function. Posterior instrumentation without fusion could preserve most of the atlanto-axial rotary function and lead to moderate neck discomfort and is also a good alternative if anterior screw fixation is contraindicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suomao Yuan
- Spine Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua West Road 107#, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wei
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health and Family Planning Commission of China, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghao Tian
- Spine Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua West Road 107#, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yan
- Spine Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua West Road 107#, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanlong Xu
- Spine Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua West Road 107#, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianlei Wang
- Spine Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua West Road 107#, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Spine Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua West Road 107#, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Aflatoonian A, Mansoori-Torshizi M, Farid Mojtahedi M, Aflatoonian B, Khalili MA, Amir-Arjmand MH, Soleimani M, Aflatoonian N, Oskouian H, Tabibnejad N, Humaidan P. Fresh versus frozen embryo transfer after gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist trigger in gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist cycles among high responder women: A randomized, multi-center study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2018; 16:9-18. [PMID: 29675483 PMCID: PMC5899765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The use of embryo cryopreservation excludes the possible detrimental effects of ovarian stimulation on the endometrium, and higher reproductive outcomes following this policy have been reported. Moreover, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist trigger in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist cycles as a substitute for standard human chorionic gonadotropin trigger, minimizes the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in fresh as well as frozen embryo transfer cycles (FET). Objective To compare the reproductive outcomes and risk of OHSS in fresh vs frozen embryo transfer in high responder patients, undergoing in vitro fertilization triggered with a bolus of GnRH agonist. Materials and Methods In this randomized, multi-centre study, 121 women undergoing FET and 119 women undergoing fresh ET were investigated as regards clinical pregnancy as the primary outcome and the chemical pregnancy, live birth, OHSS development, and perinatal data as secondary outcomes. Results There were no significant differences between FET and fresh groups regarding chemical (46.4% vs. 40.2%, p=0.352), clinical (35.8% vs. 38.3%, p=0.699), and ongoing (30.3% vs. 32.7%, p=0.700) pregnancy rates, also live birth (30.3% vs. 29.9%, p=0.953), perinatal outcomes, and OHSS development (35.6% vs. 42.9%, p=0.337). No woman developed severe OHSS and no one required admission to hospital. Conclusion Our findings suggest that GnRHa trigger followed by fresh transfer with modified luteal phase support in terms of a small human chorionic gonadotropin bolus is a good strategy to secure good live birth rates and a low risk of clinically relevant OHSS development in in vitro fertilization patients at risk of OHSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Aflatoonian
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | | | - Maryam Farid Mojtahedi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Endocrinology and Female Infertility Unit, Roointan Arash Women's Health Research and Educational Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Behrouz Aflatoonian
- Stem Cell Biology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Mohammaad Ali Khalili
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Amir-Arjmand
- Corresponding Author: Peter Humaidan, The Fertility Clinic, Skive Regional Hospital and Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. , Tel: (+45) 23815991, Nasim Tabibnejad, Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. , Tel: (+98) 9133513186
| | - Mehrdad Soleimani
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | | | | | - Nasim Tabibnejad
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Nasim Tabibnejad and Peter Humaidan are equal corresponding authors
| | - Peter Humaidan
- The Fertility Clinic, Skive Regional Hospital and Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Nasim Tabibnejad and Peter Humaidan are equal corresponding authors
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22
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Arzi B, Clark KC, Sundaram A, Spriet M, Verstraete FJM, Walker NJ, Loscar MR, Fazel N, Murphy WJ, Vapniarsky N, Borjesson DL. Therapeutic Efficacy of Fresh, Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Severe Refractory Feline Chronic Gingivostomatitis. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6:1710-1722. [PMID: 28618186 PMCID: PMC5689767 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have potent immunomodulatory functions and are a promising therapy for immune‐mediated inflammatory disorders. We previously demonstrated the efficacy of fresh, autologous, adipose‐derived MSCs (ASCs) to treat feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS), a chronic oral mucosal inflammatory disease similar to human oral lichen planus. Here, we investigate the use of fresh allogeneic ASCs for treatment of FCGS in seven cats. Radiolabeled ASCs were also tracked systemically. Each cat received two intravenous injections of 20 million ASCs, 1 month apart. Oral inflammation, blood lymphocyte subsets, anti‐fetal bovine serum antibody levels, ASC crossmatching and serum proteins and cytokine concentrations were determined. Four of the 7 cats (57%) responded to treatment [complete clinical remission (n = 2) or substantial clinical improvement (n = 2)]. Three cats were nonresponders. Prior to therapy, most cats had increased circulating CD8+ T cells, decreased CD8lo cells, and a decreased CD4/CD8 ratio, however clinical resolution was not associated with normalization of these parameters. Nonresponders showed more severe systemic inflammation (neutrophilia, hyperglobulinemia and increased interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha concentration) prior to ASC therapy. Clinical remission took up to 20 months and no clinical relapse has occurred. A higher fraction of radiolabeled ASCs were identified in the oral cavity of FCGS affected cats than the control cat. The administration of fresh, allogenic ASCs appeared to have lower clinical efficacy with a delayed response as compared to the fresh, autologous ASCs. In addition, the mechanism(s) of action for autologous and allogenic ASCs may differ in this model of oral inflammation. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:1710–1722
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Affiliation(s)
- Boaz Arzi
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Kaitlin C Clark
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Ayswarya Sundaram
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Mathieu Spriet
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Frank J M Verstraete
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Naomi J Walker
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Megan R Loscar
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Nasim Fazel
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - William J Murphy
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Natalia Vapniarsky
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Dori L Borjesson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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23
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Arzi B, Mills-Ko E, Verstraete FJM, Kol A, Walker NJ, Badgley MR, Fazel N, Murphy WJ, Vapniarsky N, Borjesson DL. Therapeutic Efficacy of Fresh, Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Severe Refractory Gingivostomatitis in Cats. Stem Cells Transl Med 2015; 5:75-86. [PMID: 26582907 PMCID: PMC4704876 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising therapy for immune-mediated and inflammatory disorders, because of their potent immunomodulatory properties. In this study, we investigated the use of fresh, autologous, adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs) for feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS), a chronic, debilitating, idiopathic, oral mucosal inflammatory disease. Nine cats with refractory FCGS were enrolled in this pilot study. Each cat received 2 intravenous injections of 20 million autologous ASCs, 1 month apart. Oral biopsies were taken before and at 6 months after the first ASC injection. Blood immune cell subsets, serum protein, and cytokine levels were measured at 0, 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment to assess immunomodulatory effects. Seven of the 9 cats completed the study. Five cats responded to treatment by either complete clinical remission (n=3) or substantial clinical improvement (n=2). Two cats were nonresponders. Cats that responded to treatment also exhibited systemic immunomodulation demonstrated by decreased numbers of circulating CD8+ T cells, a normalization of the CD4/CD8 ratio, decreased neutrophil counts, and interferon-γ and interleukin (IL)-1β concentration, and a temporary increase in serum IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α concentration. No clinical recurrence has occurred following complete clinical remission (follow-up of 6-24 months). In this study, cats with <15% cytotoxic CD8 T cells with low expression of CD8 (CD8lo) cells were 100% responsive to ASC therapy, whereas cats with >15% CD8lo cells were nonresponders. The relative absence of CD8lo cells may be a biomarker to predict response to ASC therapy, and may shed light on pathogenesis of FCGS and mechanisms by which ASCs decrease oral inflammation and affect T-cell phenotype. SIGNIFICANCE This study is the first to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of fresh, autologous, adipose-derived stem cell systemic therapy for a naturally occurring, chronic inflammatory disease in cats. The findings demonstrate that this therapy resulted in complete clinical and histological resolution or reduction in clinical disease severity and immune modulation in most cats. This study also identified a potentially useful biomarker that could dictate patient enrollment and shed light on immune modulation mechanism. As a naturally occurring animal model, FCGS also provides a strategic platform for potentially translatable therapy for the treatment of human oral inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boaz Arzi
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Emily Mills-Ko
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Frank J M Verstraete
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Amir Kol
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Naomi J Walker
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Megan R Badgley
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Nasim Fazel
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - William J Murphy
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Natalia Vapniarsky
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Dori L Borjesson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
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Özgür K, Berkkanoğlu M, Bulut H, Isikli A, Coetzee K. Higher clinical pregnancy rates from frozen-thawed blastocyst transfers compared to fresh blastocyst transfers: a retrospective matched-cohort study. J Assist Reprod Genet 2015; 32:1483-90. [PMID: 26400506 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-015-0576-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this matched-cohort study was to assess endometrial receptivity to blastocyst implantation in fresh embryo transfer by comparing implantation outcomes of fresh embryo transfer with frozen embryo transfer, where two blastocysts of good quality were transferred in good prognosis patients. METHOD(S) Fresh embryo transfer from intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles and artificial frozen embryo transfer cycles performed from January 2012 to December 2013 at a private clinic were retrospectively analyzed and the pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, and implantation rates statistically compared. Cycles were stratified and matched according to the blastocyst expansion grade (grade 2, 3, 4, or 5) of the two blastocysts transferred. Five hundred ninety-eight fresh embryo transfer cycles were matched with 545 frozen embryo transfer cycles across four blastocyst cohorts. RESULT(S) In this study of 1143 blastocyst transfer cycles, fresh embryo transfer resulted in reduced pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, and fetal heart implantation rates in all four blastocyst cohorts. The fetal heart implantation rates for fresh embryo transfer ranged from 16.7 % in the grade 2 to 47.3 % in the grade 5 cohort, compared to 23.1 % in the grade 2 to 57.4 % in the grade 5 cohort for frozen embryo transfer. The trends in increasing pregnancy outcomes relative to increasing blastocyst expansion were similar in fresh embryo transfer and frozen embryo transfer. CONCLUSION(S) Blastocysts of good quality transferred in frozen embryo transfer had a significantly greater chance of implantation and clinical pregnancy compared to blastocysts of matched quality transferred in fresh embryo transfer, suggesting reduced endometrial receptivity in fresh embryo transfer.
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Ethuin P, Marlard S, Delosière M, Carapito C, Delalande F, Van Dorsselaer A, Dehaut A, Lencel V, Duflos G, Grard T. Differentiation between fresh and frozen-thawed sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fillets using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Food Chem 2015; 176:294-301. [PMID: 25624236 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify a protein marker that can differentiate between fresh skinless and frozen-thawed sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fillets using the two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) technique. Distinct gel patterns, due to proteins with low molecular weight and low isoelectric points, distinguished fresh fillets from frozen-thawed ones. Frozen-thawed fillets showed two specific protein spots as early as the first day of the study. However, these spots were not observed in fresh fillets until at least 13days of storage between 0 and 4°C, fillets were judged, beyond this period, fish were unfit for human consumption as revealed by complementary studies on fish spoilage indicators namely total volatile basic nitrogen and biogenic amines. Mass spectrometry identified the specific proteins as parvalbumin isoforms. Parvalbumins may thus be useful markers of differentiation between fresh and frozen-thawed sea bass fillets.
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