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Haq M, Khan MA, Ali S, Ali K, Yusuf M, Kamyab H, Irshad K. Enhancing clayey soil performance with lime and waste rubber tyre powder: Mechanical, microstructural, and statistical analysis. Environ Res 2024:119217. [PMID: 38788788 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, for soil stabilisation and cleaner production of geo-composites, the possibility of utilising waste rubber is in vogue. The present paper deals with experimentally investigating the mechanical and micro-structural characteristics of weak Indian clayey soil partially substituted with lime (0-3.5%) and waste rubber tyre powder (0-15%). It was observed that, with increasing lime and rubber powder content, the plasticity index of the soil decreases. The shear strength and compaction testing results reveal that adding lime and rubber tyre powder (RTP) enhances the geotechnical performance of clayey soil up to an optimum dosage value. Also, the tri-axial shear testing was performed to obtain stress-strain curves for all considered soil mixes. For modified clayey soil containing 3% lime and 12.5% rubber powder, the cohesion values and bearing capacities improved phenomenally by 36.1% and 88.6% respectively, when compared to clayey soil. Further for this mix, SEM analysis reveals a compacted microstructure which improves dry-density and California's bearing ratio among all modified mixes. The novel co-relations upon regression analysis are found able to predict plasticity index, dry density, bearing capacity and shear strength with higher confidence levels. Overall, the cost-benefit analysis worked out to obtain the optimum cost of construction of footings and flexible pavement shows cost deductions up to 19% and 39% respectively while utilising modified clay soil mixes containing 3% lime and 12.5% rubber powder in subgrade, ultimately making production stronger, cheaper and environment friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moinul Haq
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Construction and Building Materials (IRC-CBM), Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mehboob Anwer Khan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
| | - Shahab Ali
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Kausar Ali
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Yusuf
- Clean Energy Technologies Research Institute (CETRI), Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, S4S 0A2, Saskatchewan, Canada.
| | - Hesam Kamyab
- Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, UTE University, Calle Rumipamba S/N and Bourgeois, Quito, Ecuador; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600 077, India; Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kashif Irshad
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Sustainable Energy Systems (IRC-SES), Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Avramenko M, Nakashima K, Takano C, Kawasaki S. Eco-friendly soil stabilization method using fish bone as cement material. Sci Total Environ 2023; 900:165823. [PMID: 37517719 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The method of soil improvement by calcium phosphate precipitation is a novel, environmentally friendly, and non-toxic technique. Such technology provides advantages over ureolytic induced calcite precipitation (UICP), the most popular and widely used method in the field of geotechnical engineering. In this paper, an investigation of the consolidation of fine and coarse sand samples by enzyme induced calcium phosphate precipitation (EICPP) was carried out. Tuna bones were used as an alternative source of calcium and phosphorus ions, as one of the most popular fish species in Japan and the main source of food industry waste. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of the samples after 21 days of daily injection of the solution showed an increase in strength up to 6,05 MPa in fine and up to 4,3 MPa in coarse sand samples. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis were performed to investigate the nature and type of deposition. Analyses confirmed that deposition is composed of brushite with needle-like crystals in the case of Toyoura sand and flower-like crystals in the case of Mikawa sand. SEM-EDS showed a presence of both, calcium, and phosphorus in the precipitate, indicating the presence of calcium phosphate compounds (CPCs). This study reveals that tuna bones are a rich source of calcium and phosphorus for EICPP, which results in a strengthening of silicate soil up to 3.4-6.05 MPa and is able to reduce ammonia emissions by 85.7 % - 97.5 % compared to UICP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksym Avramenko
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | | | - Chikara Takano
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Mwandira W, Mavroulidou M, Satheesh A, Gunn MJ, Gray C, Purchase D, Garelick J. An electrokinetic-biocementation study for clay stabilisation using carbonic anhydrase-producing bacteria. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:104916-104931. [PMID: 37702861 PMCID: PMC10567949 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29817-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the feasibility of biocementing clay soil underneath a railway embankment of the UK rail network via carbonic anhydrase (CA) biocementation, implementing the treatments electrokinetically. Compared to previous biocementation studies using the ureolytic route, the CA pathway is attractive as CA-producing bacteria can sequester CO2 to produce biocement. Clay soil samples were treated electrokinetically using biostimulation and bioaugmentation conditions to induce biocementation. The effects of the treatment were assessed in terms of undrained shear strength using the cone penetration test, moisture content, and calcium carbonate content measurements. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses were also conducted on soil samples before and after treatment to evaluate the reaction products. The results showed that upon biostimulation, the undrained shear strength of the soil increased uniformly throughout the soil, from 17.6 kPa (in the natural untreated state) to 106.6 kPa. SEM micrographs also showed a clear change in the soil structure upon biostimulation. Unlike biostimulation, bioaugmentation did not have the same performance, although a high amount of CaCO3 precipitates was detected, and bacteria were observed to have entered the soil. The prospects are exciting, as it was shown that it is possible to achieve a considerable strength increase by the biostimulation of native bacteria capturing CO2 while improving the soil strength, thus having the potential to contribute both to the resilience of existing railway infrastructure and to climate change mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Mwandira
- Division of Civil and Building Services Engineering, London South Bank University, London, UK
| | - Maria Mavroulidou
- Division of Civil and Building Services Engineering, London South Bank University, London, UK.
| | - Anjali Satheesh
- Division of Civil and Building Services Engineering, London South Bank University, London, UK
| | - Michael John Gunn
- Division of Civil and Building Services Engineering, London South Bank University, London, UK
| | | | - Diane Purchase
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, UK
| | - Jonathan Garelick
- Network Rail-Eastern Region, One Stratford Place, Stratford City, London, E20, UK
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Zaini MSI, Hasan M, Jusoh WNBW. Utilization of bottom ash waste as a granular column to enhance the lateral load capacity of soft kaolin clay soil. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-25966-x. [PMID: 36826761 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25966-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Implementation of industrial wastes such as bottom ash in ground improvement can be cost-effective and environment-friendly. Ground improvement is an effective method of mitigation to improve problematic soils including soft kaolin clay soils as the problematic soils always expose to the severe settlements, low shear strength, immoderate plasticity, greater compressibility, dispersivity, bulging, erodibility, and susceptibility to climatic variables. Several studies conducted on the granular column using the bottom ash column. However, only a few studies have reported findings coherent with the statistical analysis. In this study, the lateral load capacity of bottom ash column-kaolin clay has been conducted. Coherently, the reinforced kaolin clay samples were tested via particle size distribution, Atterberg limit test, relative density, compaction test, permeability test, unconfined compression test, and unconsolidated undrained triaxial test with the single and group of encapsulated bottom ash columns with the geotextile encasement and a prediction model was developed. The effect of a number of columns, column diameter, column height, area replacement ratio, height penetration ratio, height-diameter column ratio, volume replacement ratio, and confining pressures on the shear strength of the single and group of encapsulated bottom ash columns have been investigated. The findings showed the effectiveness of using the bottom ash columns at various number of column, column diameter, column height, area replacement ratio, height penetration ratio, height-diameter column ratio, volume replacement ratio, and confining pressures can enhance the shear strength of the soil up to 77.00% at the optimal utilization of single encapsulated bottom ash column of 10-mm diameter and 80-mm height. Therefore, the study proved that the utilization of bottom ash waste as a granular column can significantly enhance the lateral load capacity of soft kaolin clay soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Syamsul Imran Zaini
- Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, 26300, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Muzamir Hasan
- Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, 26300, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - Wan Nursyafiqah Binti Wan Jusoh
- Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, 26300, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
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Mohammed AMA, Mohd Yunus NZ, Hezmi MA, A Rashid AS, Horpibulsuk S. Carbonated ground granulated blast furnace slag stabilising brown kaolin. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:57308-57320. [PMID: 34086175 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14718-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Proposals have been made by several researchers to conduct the sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO2) through calcium and magnesium-rich materials. From these materials, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) containing 5% magnesium and 45% calcium is seen to be a good candidate and is available to sequester CO2. This study intends to ascertain the ability to absorb CO2, sequester it, and increase treated kaolin strength with different content of GGBS under various carbonation periods with varying CO2 pressure. The impacts of carbonated GGBS on the mechanical attributes of soil were examined by conducting the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test, and microstructure analysis was conducted to identify the changes in the structure and Crestline phase. Stationary carbonation in a triaxial test with pure CO2 was conducted to accelerate the carbonation process. The outcome indicates that the strength rises as the carbonation period rises. Likewise, UCS rises as the CO2 pressure rises from 100 to 200 kPa. It could be concluded that augmentation of the strength is because of carbonated calcium and magnesium products which stuff the soil voids. Changes occur on the microstructure level due to carbonation as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mohammed Awad Mohammed
- Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Nor Zurairahetty Mohd Yunus
- Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Azril Hezmi
- Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Safuan A Rashid
- Centre of Tropical Geoengineering (GEOTROPIK), School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Suksun Horpibulsuk
- School of Civil Engineering and Center of Excellence in Innovation for Sustainable Infrastructure Development, Suranaree University of Technology, Ratchasima, Thailand
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Gill G, Mittal RK, Rawat S. Comprehensive feasibility study for application of waste tire chips in enhancing the performance of shallow foundations. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:55554-55578. [PMID: 34138428 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14876-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the viability of waste tire chips as sand reinforcement for enhancing the performance of shallow foundations. Detailed experimental investigation is carried out to analyze the behavior of model footing placed on sand reinforced with waste tire chips, and the observed improvement is quantified in terms of a non-dimensional factor, bearing capacity ratio (BCR). The influence of variation of several factors such as the content of tire-chip reinforcement, the extent of tire reinforced sand zone, footing shape, the effect of submergence, and scale effects on BCR has also been studied. Test results indicate significant improvement in BCR validating the effectiveness of tire chips in improving the bearing capacity of sand. The optimum tire content, depth of reinforced zone, and width of the reinforced zone are recommended as 30%, 1B-2B, and 3B-5B, respectively (B is the width of the footing), where BCR increased to more than 5 under both low strain and high strain conditions. It was also established that submergence of the reinforced soil and shape and size of footing did not have a significant influence on the BCR. Moreover, the performance of tire chip-reinforced sand is found to be better than both fiber- and geogrid-reinforced sand. Bearing capacity increase of up to 1.89 times and 2.40 times was observed in tire chip-reinforced sand in comparison to fiber- and geogrid-reinforced sand, respectively. On the whole, the significant improvement in BCR and the better performance of tire chips over other alternatives ascertain that bulk utilization of tire wastes in shallow foundations has immense potential for effective waste management of large stockpiles of tires and can prove to be an economical and sustainable solution for the construction industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gourav Gill
- Department of Civil Engineering, JIET, Jodhpur, 342002, India.
| | - Ravi Kant Mittal
- Department of Civil Engineering, BITS, Pilani Campus, Pilani, 333031, India
| | - Sanket Rawat
- Department of Civil Engineering, BITS, Pilani Campus, Pilani, 333031, India
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Abstract
Ground improvement will be critically important in the present and future geotechnical practice for designing the structures in weak soil. This paper presents a review of the recent development in ground improvement techniques, especially chemical stabilisers. Various available chemical stabilisers are identified and compared with other available methods. Though the use of chemicals provides an excellent alternative to the traditional methods, they still lack proper understanding regarding their use, handling, application, and long-term effect on the environment. Various chemical stabilisers and their applicability conditions are summarised in the present paper. Insight of biochemical, electrochemical, inorganic, and organic stabilisers is presented with future scope of these methods along with the potential areas where a lot of efforts is needed to industrialise these methods are also discussed briefly. A need for developing a more environmentally friendly and safe method was felt while reviewing these methods. Lack of a large amount of data is a major concern for lesser use of these methods industrially. A lot of laboratory and field experiments should be conducted in different conditions to ensure safe results from chemical stabilisers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshal Verma
- Department of Mining Engineering, IIT(BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Arunava Ray
- Department of Mining Engineering, IIT(BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Rajesh Rai
- Department of Mining Engineering, IIT(BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Tushar Gupta
- Department of Mining Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha 769001, India
| | - Neeraj Mehta
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
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Teerawattanasuk C, Voottipruex P, Horpibulsuk S. Improved heavy metal immobilization of compacted clay by cement treatment. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06917. [PMID: 34007920 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examines the use of cement treatment in improving the lead immobilization properties of a compacted clay liner for sanitary landfill applications. The compaction and strength characteristics of the cement treated clay at cement contents of 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, 15% and 18% by weight of dry soil are studied via standard compaction and unconfined compressive strength tests. The lead immobilization characteristics of the cement treated clay are also investigated using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The cement contents of 6% and 9% significantly affect the permeability coefficient and lead absorption of the clay. The permeability coefficient of the cement treated clay meets the requirement for a waterproof material in landfill, i.e., <1.49 × 10-11 m/s. Lead immobilization is shown to increase with increasing cement content. When the lead nitrate solution in the form of Pb2+ ions seeps through the cement treated clay, the hydrolysis reaction results in the formation of Ca2+ and OH- ions. The solution with high alkalinity from this reaction dissolves SiO2 and Al2O3 in the clay. The Pb2+ ions are therefore absorbed by SiO2 and Al2O3 and Pb3SiO5 is formed. As a result, the lead content in the effluent from the cement treated clay is significantly lower than that from untreated clay. The results from this research can be translated into a regulatory framework for managing the contamination dissipation of industrial waste from landfill.
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Mohammed MA, Mohd Yunus NZ, Hezmi MA, Abang Hasbollah DZ, A Rashid AS. Ground improvement and its role in carbon dioxide reduction: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:8968-8988. [PMID: 33443736 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12392-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental global issues affecting global warming, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), have attracted the attention of researchers around the world. This paper reviews and discusses the ground improvement and its contribution to reducing CO2 in the atmosphere. The approach is divided into three parts: the Streamlined Energy and Emissions Assessment Model (SEEAM), the replacement of soil stabilisation materials that lead to the emission of a large amount of CO2 with alternatives and mineral carbonation. A brief discussion about the first two is reviewed in this paper and a detailed discussion about mineral carbonation and its role in enhancing soil strength while absorbing a large amount of CO2. It is emphasised that natural mineral carbonation requires a very long time for a material to reach its full capacity to form CO2; as a result, different acceleration processes can be done from increasing pressure, temperature, the concentration of CO2 and the addition of various additives. In conclusion, it was found that magnesium is more attractive than calcium, and calcium is complicated in terms of strength behaviour. Magnesium has a larger capacity for CO2 sequestration and it has a greater potential to increase soil strength than calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Awad Mohammed
- Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Zurairahetty Mohd Yunus
- Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Azril Hezmi
- Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Dayang Zulaika Abang Hasbollah
- Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Safuan A Rashid
- Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
- Centre of Tropical Geoengineering, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
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Anaokar M, Mhaiskar S. Numerical analysis of lime stabilized capping under embankments based on expansive subgrades. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02473. [PMID: 31687568 PMCID: PMC6819810 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper investigates the efficacy of an alternative construction methodology proposed by the authors in the form of a 'C'-shaped lime stabilized capping. It is used for confining expansive clay subgrade soil under embankments carrying flexible pavement at their top, to enhance their performance. The role of capping in controlling moisture ingress responsible for swelling is assessed by studying vertical displacements and suctions in expansive subgrade soils. The load-displacement behavior and the variations in suctions of expansive subgrade soil are studied by using Mohr-Coulomb material model and Van Genuchten Hydraulic Model respectively in FEM based Software PLAXIS 3D. It is observed from the results that; the swelling displacements are considerably reduced and suctions under embankment toe are observed to increase. It can therefore be concluded that, the lime stabilized capping consisting of horizontal buffer layer and vertical cut-offs is effective in controlling swelling displacements in expansive subgrades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Anaokar
- NMIMS', Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Bhakti Vedant Swami Marg, JVPD Scheme, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 056, India
| | - Sharad Mhaiskar
- SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to be University), V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India
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Motamedi S, Roy C, Shamshirband S, Hashim R, Petković D, Song KI. Prediction of ultrasonic pulse velocity for enhanced peat bricks using adaptive neuro-fuzzy methodology. Ultrasonics 2015; 61:103-113. [PMID: 25957464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasonic pulse velocity is affected by defects in material structure. This study applied soft computing techniques to predict the ultrasonic pulse velocity for various peats and cement content mixtures for several curing periods. First, this investigation constructed a process to simulate the ultrasonic pulse velocity with adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system. Then, an ANFIS network with neurons was developed. The input and output layers consisted of four and one neurons, respectively. The four inputs were cement, peat, sand content (%) and curing period (days). The simulation results showed efficient performance of the proposed system. The ANFIS and experimental results were compared through the coefficient of determination and root-mean-square error. In conclusion, use of ANFIS network enhances prediction and generation of strength. The simulation results confirmed the effectiveness of the suggested strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shervin Motamedi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chandrabhushan Roy
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shahaboddin Shamshirband
- Department of Computer System and Information Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Roslan Hashim
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Dalibor Petković
- University of Niš, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department for Mechatronics and Control, Aleksandra Medvedeva 14, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Ki-Il Song
- Department of Civil Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 402-751, South Korea
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