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Balkrishna A, Kumar A, Rohela A, Arya V, Gautam AK, Sharma H, Rai P, Kumari A, Amarowicz R. Traditional uses, hepatoprotective potential, and phytopharmacology of Tinospora cordifolia: a narrative review. J Pharm Pharmacol 2024; 76:183-200. [PMID: 38280221 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite significant advancements in modern medicine, effective hepatoprotective medication with minimal side effects is still lacking. In this context. Tinospora cordifolia, an Indian Ayurvedic liana, has attracted much attention. KEY FINDINGS Traditionally, T. cordifolia has been found to be effective in the treatment of jaundice; according to the literature, T. cordifolia is a hepatoprotective agent, and the CCl4 model is the most frequently used to evaluate its potential. Its hepatoprotective effects might be attributed to alkaloids (berberine, palmatine, and jatrorrhizine) and sinapic acid. Berberine decreases inflammation by inhibiting the proinflammatory cascade triggered by TNF-α and reduces nitrosative stress by inhibiting iNOS. T. cordifolia also exhibits anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and other activities; it is safe at concentrations up to 2000 mg/kg. Its biological action can be attributed to polyphenols, alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, and glycosides. T. cordifolia has also been found to be an active ingredient in several polyherbal formulations used to treat chemical-mediated hepatotoxicity. CONCLUSION T. cordifolia's hepatoprotective effects are mediated by the inhibition of lipid peroxidation, the management of oxidative stress, and other factors. T. cordifolia can be used to manage liver disorders and as a hepatoprotective supplement in the food industry. The bioprospecting of its alkaloids can lead to the development of novel formulations against hepatic ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acharya Balkrishna
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Foundation, Haridwar, India
- Centre of Excellence, Patanjali Ayurved Hospital, Haridwar, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Foundation, Haridwar, India
| | - Akansha Rohela
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Foundation, Haridwar, India
| | - Vedpriya Arya
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Foundation, Haridwar, India
- Centre of Excellence, Patanjali Ayurved Hospital, Haridwar, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Gautam
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Foundation, Haridwar, India
| | - Hemant Sharma
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Foundation, Haridwar, India
| | - Priyanka Rai
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Foundation, Haridwar, India
| | - Amita Kumari
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Foundation, Haridwar, India
| | - Ryszard Amarowicz
- Department of Chemical and Physical Properties of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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Timmery E, Binet Q, Delire B, Horsmans Y. Acute hepatitis induced by Guduchi; Letter to the editor. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2023; 47:102151. [PMID: 37269895 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2023.102151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Timmery
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Quentin Binet
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benedicte Delire
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yves Horsmans
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Ahsan R, Mishra A, Badar B, Owais M, Mishra V. Therapeutic Application, Phytoactives and Pharmacology of Tinospora cordifolia: An Evocative Review. Chin J Integr Med 2023; 29:549-555. [PMID: 37017881 PMCID: PMC10073789 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3733-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi or Gurjo), a herbaceous vine or climbing deciduous shrub, is consider as an important medicine in the Ayurvedic system of medication, which is available in India, China, Myanmar, Bangladesh and Srilanka. Menispermaceae is the family of this compound. T. cordifolia have a variety of properties to treat various ailments such as fevers, jaundice, diabetes, dysentery, urinary infections, and skin diseases. This compound has been subjected to many chemicals, pharmacological, pre-clinical, or clinical investigations and some new therapeutic potential effects have been indicated. This review aims to summarize the critical information concerning in areas of chemical constituents, chemical structure, and pharmacokinetic activities such as anti-diabetic, anticancer, immune-modulatory, antivirus (especially in silico study about COVID-19), antioxidant, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective and its effect on cardiovascular and neurological disorders as well as rheumatoid arthritis. This traditional herb needs more experimental study on the clinical, pre-clinical study, and clinical efficacy of these compounds for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 and needs large-scale clinical studies to prove the clinical efficacy of this compound, especially in stress-related diseases and other neuronal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabiya Ahsan
- Research Scholar, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, UP, 226022, India
| | - Anuradha Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida, 201313, India.
| | - Badruddeen Badar
- Research Scholar, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, UP, 226022, India
| | - Mohammad Owais
- Research Scholar, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, UP, 226022, India
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Tomar P, Rajoriya JS, Ojha BK, Singh AK, Deshpande D, Choubey P, Raje A, Mishra GK, Perumal P. Tinospora cordifolia modulates the seminal parameters, leakage of intracellular enzymes and seminal antioxidants in equilibrated and cryopreserved semen of Sahiwal bulls. Reprod Domest Anim 2023. [PMID: 37009827 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to assess the effects of stem extract of Tinospora cordifolia (Giloy or Guduchi) in the semen extender on seminal parameters, leakage of intracellular enzymes and antioxidants in semen of Sahiwal bull. A total of 48 ejaculates from four bulls were selected for the study. Spermatozoa of 25×106 were incubated in 100, 300 and 500 μg of stem extract of Guduchi as Gr II, III and IV, respectively and pre-freeze and post-thaw semen samples were analysed for seminal parameters (motility, viability, total sperm abnormality; TSA, plasma membrane integrity; PMI, and acrosomal integrity; AcI), intracellular enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase; AST and lactate dehydrogenase; LDH) and seminal antioxidants (superoxide dismutase; SOD and catalase) in comparison with an untreated control group (Gr I). The results revealed that stem extract treated semen had significantly (p<0.05) higher motility, viability, PMI, AcI, SOD and catalase and had significantly (p<0.05) lower TSA, AST and LDH compared to those in untreated control group at pre-freeze and post-thaw stages. Semen treated with 100 μg stem extract /25×106 spermatozoa had significantly (p<0.05) higher motility, viability, PMI, AcI, SOD and catalase and had significantly (p<0.05) lower TSA, AST and LDH compared to those in control, 300, and 500 μg treated groups at pre-freeze and post-thaw stages. Further, these seminal parameters and antioxidants were showing decreasing trend and TSA and leakage of intra-cellular enzymes were showing increasing trend from Gr II to Gr IV at pre-freeze and post-thaw stages. Thus, 100 μg/25×106 spermatozoa were optimum or suitable dose for cryopreservation of Sahiwal bull semen. The study concluded that T. cordifolia stem extract 100 μg/25×106 spermatozoa in the semen extender can be effectively utilized to reduce the oxidative stress and improve the pre-freeze and post-thaw seminal parameters in Sahiwal bull. However, further studies on effects of different concentrations of stem extract on in-vitro or in-vivo fertility trials are to be conducted to assess the impact of the stem extract supplementation in the semen extender on field pregnancy outcome in bovine species.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Tomar
- NDVSU-College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - J S Rajoriya
- NDVSU-College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - B K Ojha
- NDVSU-College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - A K Singh
- NDVSU-College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - D Deshpande
- Central Semen Station, Bhadbhada, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - P Choubey
- Central Semen Station, Bhadbhada, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - A Raje
- NDVSU-College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - G K Mishra
- NDVSU-College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - P Perumal
- ICAR-Central, Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands
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Singh S, Tapadia MG. Ayurvedic formulations Guduchi and Madhuyashti triggers JNK signaling mediated immune response and adversely affects Huntington phenotype. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:265. [PMID: 36224586 PMCID: PMC9555103 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03724-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Huntington's disease manifests due to abnormal CAG trinucleotide expansion, in the first exon of the Huntingtin gene and disease progression involves genetic, immune, and environmental components. The pathogenesis is characterized by the formation of Inclusion Bodies, disruption of neuronal circuitry, cellular machinery, and apoptosis, resulting in gradual and progressive loss of neuronal cells, ultimately leading to nervous system dysfunction. Thus, the present study was conducted to assess the effect of two Ayurvedic formulations, Guduchi and Madhuyashti, on Huntington's phenotype, using Drosophila as a model system. METHOD The Huntington phenotype was ectopically induced in the Drosophila eye using the UAS-GAL4 binary system and the effect of the two Ayurvedic formulations were assessed by feeding the progenies on them. Degeneration was observed microscopically and Real Time-PCR was done to assay the alterations in the different transcripts of the innate immune pathways and JNK signaling pathway. Immunostaining was performed to assay different gene expression patterns. RESULT The present study shows that Guduchi and Madhuyashti, endowed with immunomodulatory and intellect promoting properties, aggravates polyQ mediated neurodegeneration. We provide evidence that these formulations enhance JNK signaling by activating the MAP 3 K, dTAK1, which regulates the expression of Drosophila homologue for JNK. Sustained, rather than a transient expression of JNK leads to excessive production of Anti-Microbial Peptides without involving the canonical transcription factors of the Toll or IMD pathways, NF-κB. Enhanced JNK expression also increases caspase levels, with a concomitant reduction in cell proliferation, which may further contribute to increased degeneration. CONCLUSION This is a report linking the functional relevance of Guduchi and Madhuyashti with molecular pathways, which can be important for understanding their use in therapeutic applications and holds promise for mechanistic insight into the mammalian counterpart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Singh
- grid.411507.60000 0001 2287 8816Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005 India
| | - Madhu G. Tapadia
- grid.411507.60000 0001 2287 8816Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005 India
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Mandar BK, Khanal P, Patil BM, Dey YN, Pasha I. In silico analysis of phytoconstituents from Tinospora cordifolia with targets related to diabetes and obesity. In Silico Pharmacol 2021; 9:3. [PMID: 33442530 PMCID: PMC7778662 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-020-00063-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, Tinospora cordifolia is commonly used in the treatment of diabetes and obesity; has been evaluated for their anti-diabetic and anti-obese potency in experimental animal models. However, the binding affinity of multiple bioactives with various proteins involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes and obesity has not been reported yet. Hence, the present study aimed to assess the binding affinity of multiple bioactives from T. cordifolia with various targets involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes and obesity. The ligands and targets were retrieved from the PubChem and Protein Data Bank respectively and docked using autodock4.0. Druglikeness and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity profile were predicted using Molsoft and admetSAR1 respectively. The multiple bioactives from T. cordifolia were identified to interact with multiple proteins involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes/obesity, i.e., isocolumbin (- 9 kcal/mol) with adiponectin (PDB: 4DOU), β-sitosterol (- 10.9 kcal/mol) with cholesteryl ester transfer protein (PDB: 2OBD), tinocordiside (- 6.9 kcal/mol) with lamin A/C (PDB: 3GEF), berberine (- 9.5 kcal/mol) with JNK1 (PDB:3ELJ), β-sitosterol & isocolumbin (- 10.1 kcal/mol) with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PDB:4CI5), berberine (- 7.5 kcal/mol) with suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (PDB: 2BBU), isocolumbin (- 9.6 kcal/mol) with pancreatic α-amylase (PDB: 1B2Y), isocolumbin (- 9 kcal/mol) with α-glucosidase (PDB: 3TOP), and β-sitosterol (- 10.8 kcal/mol) with aldose reductase (PDB: 3RX2). Similarly, among the selected bioactives, tembetarine scored highest druglikeness score, i.e., 1.21. In contrast, isocolumbin scored lowest drug-likeness character i.e. - 0.52. The predicted result of phytochemicals from T. cordifolia for acute oral toxicity, rat acute toxicity, fish toxicity, drug-likeness score, and aqueous solubility showed the probability of lower side/adverse effects in human consumption. The study suggests processing for bioactives from T. cordifolia against diabetes and obesity via in-vitro and in-vivo approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijendra K. Mandar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, KLE College of Pharmacy Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi, Karnataka 590010 India
| | - Pukar Khanal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, KLE College of Pharmacy Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi, Karnataka 590010 India
| | - B. M. Patil
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, KLE College of Pharmacy Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi, Karnataka 590010 India
| | - Yadu Nandan Dey
- School of Pharmaceutical Technology, Adamas University, Kolkata, 700126 India
| | - Ismail Pasha
- Department of Pharmacology, Orotta College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Asmara University, Asmara, Eritrea
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Shukla U, Ujjaliya N, Gupta P, Khare V, Yadav B, Rai AK, Amin H, Rana R, Tripathi A, Khanduri S, Sharma BS, Chandrasekhararao B, Srikanth N, Dhiman KS. Efficacy and safety of Guduchighana Vati in asymptomatic and mild-to-moderate cases of coronavirus disease-19: A randomized controlled pilot study. Ayu 2020; 41:188-196. [PMID: 35370379 PMCID: PMC8966758 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.ayu_11_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Currently, there is no approved treatment for the management of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Drug repurposing of existing medications could be a possible way to find out a novel therapeutic entity to combat the COVID-19. Aim: To determine the clinical efficacy and safety of an Ayurveda intervention (Guduchighana Vati) in asymptomatic and mild-to-moderate cases of COVID-19. Materials and methods: This was an open-label randomized controlled pilot study with a sample size of 30 participants (15 in each arm). The participants were asymptomatic or mild to moderate cases of COVID-19. Guduchighana Vati 500 mg twice daily for 10 days was administered in the study group and Hydroxychloroquine for 5 days in the control group. Paracetamol, Vitamin C, Multivitamin, and Zinc were also provided in the control group. The main outcome measures were to negative real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for COVID-19, proportion of participants with negative RT-PCR for COVID-19 at 5th and 10th day, proportion of participants with clinical recovery, improvement in laboratory parameters, and incidence of adverse drug reaction/adverse event (ADR/AE). The results of RT-PCR and clinical recovery were compared between groups using Chi-square test. The data related to laboratory parameters were compared within group using paired sample t-test/Wilcoxon signed-rank test and between groups using independent sample t-test/Mann–Whitney test. Results: The proportion of participants with negative RT-PCR for COVID-19 in the Guduchighana Vati group (93.3%) was better as compared to the control group (66.6%) till 10th day of the study period. Though, the results are statistically not significant (P = 0.068). All the symptomatic patients in the Guduchighana Vati group clinically recovered whereas one patient remained symptomatic in the control group on the 5th day. No symptoms of COVID-19 were observed at 10th day in both the groups. No ADR/serious adverse event were observed during the study period in either of the groups. Conclusion: In this study on asymptomatic and mild to moderate cases of COVID-19, Guduchighana Vati showed numerically better proportion of participants with negative RT-PCR assay for COVID-19 and reduced time to clinical improvement which requires confirmation through studies with larger sample size. Although, the study outcomes are statistically not significant which may be due to small sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Shukla
- Principal & CEO, Pt. Khushilal Sharma Government (Autonomous) Ayurveda College & Institute, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Nitin Ujjaliya
- Department of Dravyaguna, Pt. Khushilal Sharma Government (Autonomous) Ayurveda College & Institute, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Pankaj Gupta
- Department of Rachana Sharira, Pt. Khushilal Sharma Government (Autonomous) Ayurveda College & Institute, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Khare
- Department of Pathology, Pt. Khushilal Sharma Government (Autonomous) Ayurveda College & Institute, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Babita Yadav
- Department of Ayurveda, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India
| | - Amit Kumar Rai
- Department of Ayurveda, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India
| | - Hetalben Amin
- Department of Ayurveda, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India
| | - Rakesh Rana
- Department of Biostatistics, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India
| | - Arunabh Tripathi
- Department of Biostatistics, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India
| | - Shruti Khanduri
- Department of Ayurveda, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India
| | - Bhagwan Sahay Sharma
- Department of Ayurveda, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India
| | - Bhogavalli Chandrasekhararao
- Department of Ayurveda, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India
| | - Narayanam Srikanth
- Director General (Additional Charge), Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India
| | - Kartar Singh Dhiman
- Former Director General, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India
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Saeed M, Naveed M, Leskovec J, Ali Kamboh A, Kakar I, Ullah K, Ahmad F, Sharif M, Javaid A, Rauf M, Abd El-Hack ME, Abdel-Latif MA, Chao S. Using Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) as an eco-friendly feed supplement in human and poultry nutrition. Poult Sci 2019; 99:801-811. [PMID: 32029162 PMCID: PMC7587696 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) is a well-recognized and widely distributed traditional plant that is used successfully in Indian Ayurveda medicine. T. cordifolia has shown many promising biological activities, such as antioxidative, antimicrobial, antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, osteoprotective, hepatoprotective, antidiarrheal, and antistress effects. Guduchi is a rich source of protein and micronutrients, such as iron, zinc, copper, calcium, phosphorus, and manganese. It also contains many secondary plant metabolites, such as terpenes, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, and glycosides. Based on previous studies in poultry, the supplementation levels of Guduchi range from 1 to 5 g/kg of diet (different sources, such as powder, extracts, roots, and leaves, have been used). It was suggested that this variation in supplementation levels depends on different factors, including the extraction method, the supplementation proposed, the method of supplementation (either in feed or drinking water), and the species and physiological status of the birds. Generally, dietary supplementation of poultry broilers with T. cordifolia yielded positive impacts on growth performance, body gains (increased by 4.8%), dressing percentage (increased by 7.1%), meat quality traits, and the shelf life of the meat. In addition, T. cordifolia exerted a palliative effect on the general health status of the birds through reducing live enzymes and plasma uric acids and enhancing the immune response, as indicated by the leukocyte count, hemagglutinin titer, interleukin activity, and mortality levels. Further investigations concluded that T. cordifolia showed strong antimicrobial effects against Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteritidis, with subsequent reductions in mortality. Moreover, T. cordifolia showed an ability to improve humoral and cell-mediated immunity against Newcastle disease, infectious anemia, gout, and aflatoxicosis. The current review discusses many beneficial properties of T. cordifolia, although the lack of pharmacological trials limits the use of this extract in poultry. Further research should be performed regarding the composition of the active compound, the possible mechanisms of action, and the effective doses to fully understand the activities and benefits of T. cordifolia as a growth performance improvement supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saeed
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Production & Technology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211166, China
| | - Jakob Leskovec
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia 1230 Domžale, Slovenia
| | - Asgahr Ali Kamboh
- Department of Microbiology, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Sindh Province, Pakistan
| | - Ihsanullah Kakar
- Clinical Medicine and Surgery Department LUAWMS, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Kifayat Ullah
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Park Road, Tarlai Kalan, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Fawwad Ahmad
- Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sharif
- Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asif Javaid
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Production & Technology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Mubasher Rauf
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, code 63100, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mervat A Abdel-Latif
- Nutrition and Veterinary Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Sun Chao
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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Singh S, Tapadia MG. Molecular basis for efficacy of Guduchi and Madhuyashti feeding on different environmental stressors in Drosophila. Cell Stress Chaperones 2019; 24:549-565. [PMID: 30919212 PMCID: PMC6527653 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-019-00986-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Stressors of different kinds adversely affect life history parameters like growth, development, and reproduction. Organisms overcome the negative impact of environmental stressors and strive to reach a tolerant state through genetic and metabolic activities. Ayurvedic formulations are reported to have life trait benefitting properties which improve capacity to withstand stress and tolerate adverse conditions. Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) and Madhuyashti (Glycirrhiza glabra) Ayurvedic formulations are known to have immunomodulatory, intellect promoting, and adaptogenic properties, thus favoring good health and healthy aging. Present study investigates the efficacy of Guduchi and Madhuyashti in providing tolerance to different stresses and the underlying mechanisms using the Drosophila model. Drosophila larvae/flies fed on Guduchi or Madhuyashti were better thermo-protected, which correlated with increased expression of heat shock genes even without the heat shock. Guduchi or Madhuyashti feeding also increased antimicrobial peptide expression, thus providing better tolerance to pathogenic assaults. Feeding on Guduchi- or Madhuyashti- supplemented food also enhanced starvation and desiccation tolerance. However, neither of these formulations provided beneficial effects when grown under crowded conditions or when exposed to oxidative stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Singh
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Madhu G. Tapadia
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh India
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Saha S, Dhinsa G, Ghoshal U, Afzal Hussain ANF, Nag S, Garg A. Influence of plant extracts mixed with endodontic sealers on the growth of oral pathogens in root canal: An in vitro study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2019; 37:39-45. [PMID: 30804306 DOI: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_66_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Microbes are considered as the primary etiological agents in endodontic diseases. Ways of reducing these agents are root canal debridement and antibacterial filling materials. One of the factors in determining the success of endodontic treatment previously was sealing root canals with materials possessing potent bactericidal effect. Due to cytotoxic reactions of sealers and their inability to eliminate bacteria completely from dentinal tubules, trend to use natural plants extracts have been introduced. AIM To compare antimicrobial activity of endodontic sealers added to herbal extracts. MATERIALS AND METHOD Three sealers mixed with three herbal extracts were evaluated against seven strains of bacteria at various time intervals using Agar Diffusion Test. The mean zones of inhibition were measured. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS All statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 15 statistical software version, Chicago. Intergroup comparison was evaluated using Kruskal Walls test along with Mann Whitney U test. The Intragroup comparison was evaluatd using Friedman test along with Wilcoxon test. RESULTS Statistically significant zones of bacterial growth inhibition were observed largest with Zinc Oxide Eugenol based sealer when mixed with Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice) followed in descending order by zinc oxide eugenol based sealer mixed with Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi) and Mimusops elengi (Bakul) respectively. CONCLUSION Zinc Oxide Eugenol based sealer with herbal extracts produced largest inhibitory zones followed in descending order by Resin based sealer and Calcium hydroxide along with three herbal extracts respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Saha
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental and Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gurpreet Dhinsa
- Department of Periodontology, Career Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ujjala Ghoshal
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Soumyabrata Nag
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aarti Garg
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Jaipur Dental College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Huang WT, Tu CY, Wang FY, Huang ST. Literature review of liver injury induced by Tinospora crispa associated with two cases of acute fulminant hepatitis. Complement Ther Med 2018; 42:286-291. [PMID: 30670256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Species of Tinospora are used as herbal remedies for the treatment of various diseases with very few toxic effects having been reported. Tinospora cordifolia (TCF) has been reported to effectively prevent hepatotoxicity. However, there are an increasing number of cases revealing that Tinospora crispa (TCP) might have the negative effect of inducing hepatotoxicity. Because of the similar leaves, people may mistake TCP for TCF, and consume it with the purpose of protecting liver function. OBJECTIVE Find out the misusing level of TCP and TCF and which chemical compound in TCP might induce hepatotoxicity. METHODS We report two cases of acute fulminant hepatitis associated with chronic use of TCP. Given that the two herbs were misidentified in these two reports, we investigated the frequency of erroneous identification by using three keywords ("Guduchi", "Tinospora cordifolia", "Tinospora crispa") to search images from the Google Images database. To further clarify the influence of liver function between TCP and TCF, we searched PubMed (up to 29 July 2018) for relevant publications on clinical trials or case reports. RESULTS Based on web review, over 35 percent of websites failed to accurately identify these two herbs. The different effects on liver function between TCP and TCF were compared through literature review. It indicated that TCF exerted liver protection, TCP had a contrary effect, suggesting its cis-Clerodane-type furano-diterpenoids might be an important factor of inducing hepatotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that people might cause hepatic injury or even death without correctly identifying these two Tinospora species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Te Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yeh Tu
- Department of Chinese Medicine pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fen-Yu Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Aranha I, Venkatesh YP. Humoral immune and adjuvant responses of mucosally-administered Tinospora cordifolia immunomodulatory protein in BALB/c mice. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2018; 11:140-146. [PMID: 30455069 PMCID: PMC7329723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In traditional medicine, guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) is considered as an adaptogen with immunomodulatory prowess. A 25 kDa protein from guduchi stem has been characterized as an immunomodulatory protein (ImP). Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the intrinsic immunogenicity of guduchi ImP and adjuvant activity using ovalbumin (OVA) as antigen in BALB/c mice. Materials and Methods Mice were given guduchi ImP (30 and 60 μg) by intranasal administration to respective groups (n = 6) on days 1, 14 and thereafter weekly till day 42. Immunogenic response was monitored by serum IgG/IgA levels (days 14, 35 and 50). The adjuvant activity was measured by serum anti-OVA IgG/IgA responses to administration of 30 μg OVA with guduchi ImP. The effect of guduchi ImP on the spleen status was examined by splenic weight (day 50). Results Guduchi ImP administration displayed a significant increase in anti-guduchi ImP IgG (5–7 fold) and anti-guduchi ImP IgA (3–4 fold) on day 50 vs. control. Guduchi ImP showed a significant increase in anti-OVA IgG (6–7 fold) and anti-OVA IgA (4–5 fold) on day 50 vs. control. The splenic index of guduchi ImP group increased significantly in both the immune and adjuvant response groups; however, the splenic index in the adjuvant response group was markedly higher. Conclusion The results indicate that guduchi ImP is a strong immunogen by itself and enhances the immunogenicity of mucosally-administered antigen in BALB/c mice. Based on the results of this animal study, it appears that guduchi ImP shows a potential for future studies in humans. Evaluated the immune responses of guduchi immunomodulatory protein (ImP) in BALB/c mice. Guduchi ImP (30/60 μg) given intranasally on days 1, 14; thereafter, weekly till day 42. Increase in anti-guduchi ImP IgG (5–7 fold) and anti-guduchi ImP IgA (3–4 fold) on day 50. Increase in ovalbumin-specific IgG (6–7 fold) and IgA (4–5 fold) on day 50 vs. control. Splenic index of guduchi ImP group increased in the immune/adjuvant response groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Aranha
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Yeldur P Venkatesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
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More P, Pai K. Involvement of tyrosine-specific protein kinase and protein kinase C in J774A.1 macrophage functions activated by Tinospora cordifolia. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2017; 8:88-92. [PMID: 28600163 PMCID: PMC5496996 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Macrophages are the first line of defense and constitute important participant in the bi-directional interaction between innate and specific immunity. Macrophages are in a quiescent form and get activated when given a stimulus. In our previous studies we have reported that guduchi or LPS treatment of macrophages enhanced production of nitric oxide (NO) and increased tumoricidal activity against L929 fibroblast cells. Objective In the present study effect of Tinospora cordifolia commonly known as guduchi on macrophage activation and the mechanism of action i.e. involvement of protein kinase C inhibitor and tyrosine-specific protein kinase inhibitor was investigated. Materials and Methods The present study was undertaken to determine whether H-7 (inhibitor of protein kinase C) and/or genistein (inhibitor of tyrosine-specific protein kinase) could inhibit guduchi or LPS-induced macrophage NO and TNF-α production or reduce the cytolysis of L929 fibroblast cells. Results It was observed that in vitro incubation with H-7 and/or genistein completely inhibited guduchi or LPS-induced NO and TNF-α production by macrophages (J774A.1). Conclusion The inhibitory effects of H-7 and/or genistein, suggest that phosphorylation via these kinases may upregulate the NO synthase activity in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti More
- Department of Zoology, S. P. Pune University, India
| | - Kalpana Pai
- Department of Zoology, S. P. Pune University, India.
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Bhardwaj A, Srivastava N, Rana V, Adlakha VK, Asthana AK. How efficacious are Neem, Tulsi, Guduchi extracts and chlorhexidine as intracanal disinfectants? A comparative ex vivo study. Ayu 2017; 38:70-75. [PMID: 29861597 PMCID: PMC5954265 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.ayu_72_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: In endodontics, despite careful instrumentation and antimicrobial irrigation, root canals still harbor cultivable microorganisms. Such cases require intra canal medicament that eliminates the microbial inhabitants from the canals. Recent trend advocates the use of herbal extracts due to easy availability, cost-effectiveness, low toxicity, and lack of microbial resistance. Hence, in the present study, Neem, Tulsi, and Guduchi extracts were used as intracanal medicaments. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the antibacterial efficacy of Neem, Tulsi, Guduchi extracts, and chlorhexidine against Enterococcus faecalis, when used as intracanal medicaments. Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty-five extracted human teeth, inoculated with E. faecalis, were divided into four experimental groups and a control group (n = 25 in each group). The experimental groups were treated with chlorhexidine, Neem, Tulsi, and Guduchi extracts and their antibacterial property was evaluated by estimating microbial counting (CFU/ml). Results: The reduction in bacterial count for chlorhexidine, Neem, Tulsi, and Guduchi groups was 60.76%, 51.98%, 37.73%, and 34.93%, respectively. Statistically significant difference in reduction of bacterial count was observed in all the groups, when compared with the control group. Conclusion: Among all the herbal extracts, Neem was found to be the most potent medicament followed by Tulsi and Guduchi. However, chlorhexidine was found to be at epic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Bhardwaj
- Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nikhil Srivastava
- Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Rana
- Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Adlakha
- Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Asthana
- Department of Microbiology, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Chaudhary S, Godatwar PK, Sharma R. In vitro thrombolytic activity of Dhamasa ( Fagonia arabica Linn.), Kushta ( Saussurea lappa Decne.), and Guduchi ( Tinospora cordifolia Thunb.). Ayu 2015; 36:421-424. [PMID: 27833372 PMCID: PMC5041392 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8520.190697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Thrombotic disorders are among the major fatal conditions affecting the society. Treatment modalities used for such disorders are either surgical interventions or use of drugs such as urokinase, streptokinase (SK), or tissue plasminogen activators to dissolve the blood clots. These modalities have their own limitations and side effects apart from being expensive. There is a need for safer and cost effective antithrombolytic agents. Aim: To evaluate in vitro thrombolytic property of Dhamasa (Fagonia arabica Linn.), Kushta (Saussurea lappa Decne.), and Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia Thunb.) plant extract. Materials and Methods: Venous blood drawn from 20 healthy volunteers was allowed to form clots which was weighed and treated with the extract of test plant materials to disrupt the clots. Weight of clot after and before treatment provided a percentage of clot lysis. SK was used as a positive and water as a negative control. Statistical Analysis Used: The significance between % clot lysis of five groups by means of weight difference was tested by the one-way ANOVA. Results: Clot lysis observed were 68.06%, 14.85%, 25.01%, 92.54%, and 3.00% for Dhamasa, Kushta, Guduchi, SK, and distilled water, respectively. Conclusion: Herbal extracts possess thrombolytic properties and lyse blood clots in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Chaudhary
- Lecturer, Department of Roga Nidana and Vikriti Vijnana, Aligarh Unani and Ayurvedic Medical College, Aligarh, UP, India
| | - Pawan Kumar Godatwar
- Department of Roga Nidana and Vikriti Vigyan, National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Reetu Sharma
- Department of Roga Nidana and Vikriti Vigyan, National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Abstract
Background: It is increasingly being realized that many of today's diseases are due to “oxidative stress” that results from an imbalance between formation and neutralization of free radicals. Rasayana Chikitsa is a unique branch of Ayurveda. The word Rasayana means the way for attaining excellent Rasadi Dhatus. Several medicinal plants have been described as Rasayanas in Ayurveda. Ashwagandha and Guduchi are the best among the Rasayanas described by Charaka. Aim: To study the efficacy of Ashwagandha and Guduchi in oxidative stress in healthy volunteers. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on 30 healthy volunteers after obtaining written informed consent. They were randomly distributed in three groups. Each group was treated with three different colored capsules containing Ashwagandha, Guduchi and placebo in the dose of 1 capsule (500 mg) twice a day for 6 months. The parameters such as hemoglobin%, Erythorcyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Super-Oxide Dismutase (SOD) level, etc., were assessed before and after treatment. The Student's t-test was applied to assess significant variations in all of the studied parameters. Results: In this study, there was a significant increase in SOD level and decrease in MDA level in Ashwagandha and Guduchi groups. Conclusion: Ashwagandha and Guduchi may be helpful in preventing the oxidative stress and premature aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali V Kuchewar
- Department of Kaya Chikitsa, Mahatma Gandhi Ayurveda College, Hospital and Research Centre, Salod, India
| | - Mangal A Borkar
- Department of Pharmacology, MGV's Karmaveer Bhausaheb Hiray Dental College and Hospital, Nasik, India
| | - Milind A Nisargandha
- Department of Physiology, SNBT Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, Nasik, Maharashtra, India
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Patgiri B, Umretia BL, Vaishnav PU, Prajapati PK, Shukla VJ, Ravishankar B. Anti-inflammatory activity of Guduchi Ghana (aqueous extract of Tinospora Cordifolia Miers.). Ayu 2014; 35:108-10. [PMID: 25364210 PMCID: PMC4213960 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8520.141958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Guduchi Ghana is one of the unique Ayuvedic classical preparation which is prepared from aqueous of extract of Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia Miers.) stem. It is one of the frequently used drugs to treat the Madhumeha, Pandu, Kamala, Amlapitta, Grahani, Kustha, Jirna Jwara and Viswamjwara, Trishna, Shool, Yakritavikara, etc. Looking to these indications, in market most of the Pharma industries prepared Guduchi Ghana by applying the various extraction process. Aim: To evaluate comparative anti-inflammatory activity of classically prepared and market sample of Guduchi Ghana. Materials and Methods: Both samples were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity using carrageenan induced paw edema model in rats. Animals were divided in three groups, having six animals in each. Group A received test drug, Group B received market sample at a dose of 50 mg/kg orally, while Group C (control group) received tap water. Results: Reduction in edema was observed in Group A and B at 3 h interval by 33.06% and 11.71% respectively. Group A showed significant effects (P < 0.05) in comparison to control group. Conclusion: These experimental results have shown anti-inflammatory activity of Guduchi Ghana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajyoti Patgiri
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana including drug Research, Institute for Post Graduate Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, India
| | - Bharti L Umretia
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, J.S. Ayurved College, Nadiad, Gujarat, India
| | - Pradip U Vaishnav
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, J.S. Ayurved College, Nadiad, Gujarat, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana including drug Research, Institute for Post Graduate Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, India
| | - Vinay J Shukla
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Institute for Post Graduate Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - B Ravishankar
- Research and Development, SDM College of Ayurveda, Kuthpady, Udupi, Karnataka, India
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Goel B, Pathak N, Nim DK, Singh SK, Dixit RK, Chaurasia R. Clinical evaluation of analgesic activity of guduchi (tinospora cordifolia) using animal model. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8:HC01-4. [PMID: 25302211 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2014/9207.4671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pain is a very well-known signal of ill health and analgesics are the drugs that are used to relieve pain. The main problem with these drugs remains that of side effects. Safer alternatives are natural herbs. Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) is one such plant with analgesic potential but few studies are there. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the analgesic activity of commercially available extract of Guduchi (T. cordifolia). MATERIALS AND METHODS For this purpose commercially available extract of Guduchi (T. cordifolia) by Himalaya Drug Company, Bangalore was used. Albino rats were divided randomly in three groups of six rats each. Group 1 (control) received distilled water orally, group 2 (test) received T. cordifolia extract in dose of 300 mg/kg orally and group 3(standard) received Pentazocine in dose 10mg/kg intraperitoneally. Analgesic activity was evaluated using hot plate and abdominal writhing method. All the observations were analysed statistically using student's t-test. OBSERVATION AND RESULTS T. cordifolia extract significantly (p<0.05) increased the response time and decreased the number of writhes in hot plate method and abdominal writhing method respectively, on comparison with the control group. CONCLUSIONS The above findings suggest that this commercially available extract of Guduchi (T. cordifolia) possess analgesic activity. This analgesic activity probably involves peripheral as well as central mechanisms as the extract showed analgesic activity in both hot plate and abdominal writhing method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhomik Goel
- Junior Resident, Department of Pharmacology, Moti Lal Nehru Medical College , Allahabad, UP, India
| | - Nishant Pathak
- Junior Resident, Department of Pharmacology, Moti Lal Nehru Medical College , Allahabad, UP, India
| | | | - Sanjay Kumar Singh
- Lecturer, Department of Pharmacology, Moti Lal Nehru Medical College , Allahabad, UP, India
| | | | - Rakesh Chaurasia
- Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Moti Lal Nehru Medical College , Allahabad, UP, India
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Sharma R, Amin H, R G, Prajapati PK. Seasonal variations in physicochemical profiles of Guduchi Satva (starchy substance from Tinospora cordifolia [Willd.] Miers). J Ayurveda Integr Med 2014; 4:193-7. [PMID: 24459384 PMCID: PMC3891173 DOI: 10.4103/0975-9476.123685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Guduchi Satva (GS), the starchy material extracted from the Guduchi stem is well-known Ayurvedic single drug formulation having a wide range of therapeutic utility. Species of the plant, stem size, collection time, season and maturity of the plant may affect the yield and physico-chemical profile of GS. However, published data on such variations is lacking. Considering this, present study is planned to screen seasonal variations in physico-chemical profile of GS. 18 batches of GS were prepared in six different seasons (3 batches in each season) and findings were systematically recorded. The obtained Satva was further subjected to relevant physico-chemical parameters. Principal component analysis method was adopted to analyze variations. Maximum yield of Satva was obtained in Shishira Ritu(January-February) while the minimum in Grishma (May-June). Variation in taste and color was found in Satva prepared in Varsha Ritu. All functional groups were found to be same in each season. Total alkaloidal contents found bit higher in Varsha and Vasanta. More residual x-variance in alcohol soluble extract and more leverage were observed in water soluble extract due to impact of seasonal spells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Hetal Amin
- Department of Basic Principles, I.P.G.T. and R.A., Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Galib R
- Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - P K Prajapati
- Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
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