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Silva-Pavez E, Urra H. LOX rises as a potential survival biomarker: A commentary on "Identification of LOX as a candidate prognostic biomarker in Glioblastoma multiforme" by Liu et al. Transl Oncol 2024; 44:101777. [PMID: 38641375 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Silva-Pavez
- Facultad de Odontología y Ciencias de la Rehabilitación, Universidad San Sebastián, Bellavista, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hery Urra
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Facultad de Odontología y Ciencias de la Rehabilitación, Universidad San Sebastián, Bellavista, Santiago, Chile.
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Ikram M, Shah I, Hussain H, Mughal EU, Naeem N, Sadiq A, Nazir Y, Ali Shah SW, Zahoor M, Ullah R, Ali EA, Umar MN. Synthesis, molecular docking evaluation for LOX and COX-2 inhibition and determination of in-vivo analgesic potentials of aurone derivatives. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29658. [PMID: 38694111 PMCID: PMC11058299 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
In the current study, seven (7) aurone derivatives (ADs) were synthesized and employed to in-vitro LOX and COX-2 assays, in-vivo models of acetic acid-induced mice writhing, formalin-induced mice paw licking and tail immersion test to evaluate their analgesic potential at the doses of 10 mg and 20 mg/kg body weight. Molecular docking was performed to know the active binding site at both LOX and COX-2 as compared to standard drugs. Among the ADs, 2-(3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)benzofuran-3(2H)-one (WE-4)possessed optimal LOX and COX-2 inhibitory strength (IC50=0.30 μM and 0.22 μM) as compared to standard (ZileutonIC50 = 0.08 μM, CelecoxibIC50 = 0.05 μM). Similarly in various pain models compound WE-4 showed significantly (p < 0.05) highest percent analgesic potency as compared to control at a dose of 20 mg/kg i.e. 77.60 % analgesic effect in acetic acid model, 49.97 % (in Phase-1) and 70.93 % (inPhase-2) analgesic effect in formalin pain model and 74.71 % analgesic response in tail immersion model. By the administration of Naloxone, the tail flicking latencies were reversed (antagonized) in all treatments. The WE-4 (at 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg) was antagonized after 90 min from 11.23 ± 0.93 and 13.41 ± 1.21 to 5.30 ± 0.48 and 4.80 ± 0.61 respectively as compared to standard Tramadol (from 17.74 ± 1.33 to 3.70 ± 0.48), showing the opiodergic receptor involvement. The molecular docking study of ADs revealed that WE-4 had a higher affinity for LOX and COX-2 with docking scores of -4.324 and -5.843 respectively. As a whole, among the tested ADs, compound WE-4 demonstrated excellent analgesic effects that may have been caused by inhibiting the LOX and COX-2 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ikram
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan (AWKUM), Mardan, 23390, Pakistan
| | - Ismail Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan (AWKUM), Mardan, 23390, Pakistan
| | - Haya Hussain
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Dir (Upper) 18000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | | | - Nafeesa Naeem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Amina Sadiq
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. College Women University, Sialkot, 51300, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Nazir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, 51300, Pakistan
| | - Syed Wadood Ali Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Chakdara 18800, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zahoor
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir Lower, KPK, 18800, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam A. Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Kurt I, Kulhan M, AlAshqar A, Borahay MA. Uterine Collagen Cross-Linking: Biology, Role in Disorders, and Therapeutic Implications. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:645-660. [PMID: 37907804 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01386-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Collagen is an essential constituent of the uterine extracellular matrix that provides biomechanical strength, resilience, structural integrity, and the tensile properties necessary for the normal functioning of the uterus. Cross-linking is a fundamental step in collagen biosynthesis and is critical for its normal biophysical properties. This step occurs enzymatically via lysyl oxidase (LOX) or non-enzymatically with the production of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). Cross-links found in uterine tissue include the reducible dehydro-dihydroxylysinonorleucine (deH-DHLNL), dehydro-hydroxylysinonorleucine (deH-HLNL), and histidinohydroxymerodesmosine (HHMD); and the non-reducible pyridinoline (PYD), deoxy-pyridinoline (DPD); and a trace of pentosidine (PEN). Collagen cross-links are instrumental for uterine tissue integrity and the continuation of a healthy pregnancy. Decreased cervical cross-link density is observed in preterm birth, whereas increased tissue stiffness caused by increased cross-link density is a pathogenic feature of uterine fibroids. AGEs disrupt embryo development, decidualization, implantation, and trophoblast invasion. Uterine collagen cross-linking regulators include steroid hormones, such as progesterone and estrogen, prostaglandins, proteoglycans, metalloproteinases, lysyl oxidases, nitric oxide, nicotine, and vitamin D. Thus, uterine collagen cross-linking presents an opportunity to design therapeutic targets and warrants further investigation in common uterine disorders, such as uterine fibroids, cervical insufficiency, preterm birth, dystocia, endometriosis, and adenomyosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irem Kurt
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, 42000, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kulhan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, 42000, Konya, Turkey
| | - Abdelrahman AlAshqar
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Mostafa A Borahay
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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Mahnashi MH, Rashid U, Almasoudi HH, Nahari MH, Ahmad I, Binshaya AS, Abdulaziz O, Alsuwat MA, Jan MS, Sadiq A. Modification of 4-(4-chlorothiophen-2-yl)thiazol-2-amine derivatives for the treatment of analgesia and inflammation: synthesis and in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1366695. [PMID: 38487174 PMCID: PMC10937574 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1366695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a protective response to a variety of infectious agents. To develop a new anti-inflammatory drug, we explored a pharmacologically important thiazole scaffold in this study. In a multi-step synthetic approach, we synthesized seven new thiazole derivatives (5a-5g). Initially, we examined the in vitro anti-inflammatory potentials of our compounds using COX-1, COX-2, and 5-LOX enzyme assays. After in vitro confirmation, the potential compounds were subjected to in vivo analgesic and anti-inflammatory studies. The hot plate method was used for analgesia, and carrageenan-induced inflammation was also assayed. Overall, all our compounds proved to be potent inhibitors of COX-2 compared to celecoxib (IC50 0.05 μM), exhibiting IC50 values in the range of 0.76-9.01 μM .Compounds 5b, 5d, and 5e were dominant and selective COX-2 inhibitors with the lowest IC50 values and selectivity index (SI) values of 42, 112, and 124, respectively. Similarly, in the COX-1 assay, our compounds were relatively less potent but still encouraging. Standard aspirin exhibited an IC50 value of 15.32 μM. In the 5-LOX results, once again, compounds 5d and 5e were dominant with IC50 values of 23.08 and 38.46 μM, respectively. Standard zileuton exhibited an IC50 value of 11.00 μM. Based on the COX/LOX and SI potencies, the compounds 5d and 5e were subjected to in vivo analgesic and anti-inflammatory studies. Compounds 5d and 5e at concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg body weight were significant in animal models. Furthermore, we explored the potential role of compounds 5d and 5e in various phlogistic agents. Similarly, both compounds 5d and 5e were also significantly potent in the anti-nociceptive assay. The molecular docking interactions of these two compounds with the target proteins of COX and LOX further strengthened their potential for use in COX/LOX pathway inhibitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mater H. Mahnashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmacy School, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Umer Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Hussain Almasoudi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H. Nahari
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakaria University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Abdulkarim S. Binshaya
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied medical sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Abdulaziz
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Al-Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshari A. Alsuwat
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Al-Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
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Di Mauro P, Croset M, Bouazza L, Clézardin P, Reynaud C. LOX, but not LOXL2, promotes bone metastasis formation and bone destruction in triple-negative breast cancer. J Bone Oncol 2024; 44:100522. [PMID: 38283827 PMCID: PMC10820283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2024.100522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary function of the lysyl oxidase (LOX) family, including LOX and its paralogue LOX-like (LOXL)-2, is to catalyze the covalent crosslinking of collagen and elastin in the extracellular matrix. LOX and LOXL2 are also facilitating breast cancer invasion and metastatic spread to visceral organs (lungs, liver) in vivo. Conversely, the contribution of LOX and LOXL2 to breast cancer bone metastasis remains scant. Here, using gene overexpression or silencing strategies, we investigated the role of LOX and LOXL2 on the formation of metastatic osteolytic lesions in animal models of triple negative breast cancer. In vivo, the extent of radiographic metastatic osteolytic lesions in animals injected with LOX-overexpressing [LOX(+)] tumor cells was 3-fold higher than that observed in animals bearing tumors silenced for LOX [LOX(-)]. By contrast, the extent of osteolytic lesions between LOXL2(+) and LOXL2(-) tumor-bearing animals did not differ, and was comparable to that observed with LOX(-) tumor-bearing animals. In situ, TRAP staining of bone tissue sections from the hind limbs of LOX(+) tumor-bearing animals was substantially increased compared to LOX(-), LOXL2(+) and LOXL2(-)-tumor-bearing animals, which was indicative of enhanced active-osteoclast resorption. In vitro, tumor-secreted LOX increased osteoclast differentiation induced by RANKL, whereas LOXL2 seemed to counteract LOX's pro-osteoclastic activity. Furthermore, LOX (but not LOXL2) overexpression in tumor cells induced a robust production of IL-6, the latter being a pro-osteoclastic cytokine. Based on these findings, we propose a model in which LOX and IL-6 secreted from tumor cells act in concert to enhance osteoclast-mediated bone resorption that, in turn, promotes metastatic bone destruction in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Di Mauro
- INSERM, UMR1033, F-69372 Lyon, France
- University of Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Martine Croset
- INSERM, UMR1033, F-69372 Lyon, France
- University of Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Lamia Bouazza
- INSERM, UMR1033, F-69372 Lyon, France
- University of Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Philippe Clézardin
- INSERM, UMR1033, F-69372 Lyon, France
- University of Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Caroline Reynaud
- INSERM, UMR1033, F-69372 Lyon, France
- University of Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
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Ahmed YB, Ababneh OE, Al-Khalili AA, Serhan A, Hatamleh Z, Ghammaz O, Alkhaldi M, Alomari S. Identification of Hypoxia Prognostic Signature in Glioblastoma Multiforme Based on Bulk and Single-Cell RNA-Seq. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:633. [PMID: 38339384 PMCID: PMC10854729 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) represents a profoundly aggressive and heterogeneous brain neoplasm linked to a bleak prognosis. Hypoxia, a common feature in GBM, has been linked to tumor progression and therapy resistance. In this study, we aimed to identify hypoxia-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and construct a prognostic signature for GBM patients using multi-omics analysis. Patient cohorts were collected from publicly available databases, including the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), and The Cancer Genome Atlas-Glioblastoma Multiforme (TCGA-GBM), to facilitate a comprehensive analysis. Hypoxia-related genes (HRGs) were obtained from the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). Differential expression analysis revealed 41 hypoxia-related DEGs in GBM patients. A consensus clustering approach, utilizing these DEGs' expression patterns, identified four distinct clusters, with cluster 1 showing significantly better overall survival. Machine learning techniques, including univariate Cox regression and LASSO regression, delineated a prognostic signature comprising six genes (ANXA1, CALD1, CP, IGFBP2, IGFBP5, and LOX). Multivariate Cox regression analysis substantiated the prognostic significance of a set of three optimal signature genes (CP, IGFBP2, and LOX). Using the hypoxia-related prognostic signature, patients were classified into high- and low-risk categories. Survival analysis demonstrated that the high-risk group exhibited inferior overall survival rates in comparison to the low-risk group. The prognostic signature showed good predictive performance, as indicated by the area under the curve (AUC) values for one-, three-, and five-year overall survival. Furthermore, functional enrichment analysis of the DEGs identified biological processes and pathways associated with hypoxia, providing insights into the underlying mechanisms of GBM. Delving into the tumor immune microenvironment, our analysis revealed correlations relating the hypoxia-related prognostic signature to the infiltration of immune cells in GBM. Overall, our study highlights the potential of a hypoxia-related prognostic signature as a valuable resource for forecasting the survival outcome of GBM patients. The multi-omics approach integrating bulk sequencing, single-cell analysis, and immune microenvironment assessment enhances our understanding of the intricate biology characterizing GBM, thereby potentially informing the tailored design of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaman B. Ahmed
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (O.E.A.); (A.A.A.-K.); (A.S.); (Z.H.); (O.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Obada E. Ababneh
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (O.E.A.); (A.A.A.-K.); (A.S.); (Z.H.); (O.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Anas A. Al-Khalili
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (O.E.A.); (A.A.A.-K.); (A.S.); (Z.H.); (O.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Abdullah Serhan
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (O.E.A.); (A.A.A.-K.); (A.S.); (Z.H.); (O.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Zaid Hatamleh
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (O.E.A.); (A.A.A.-K.); (A.S.); (Z.H.); (O.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Owais Ghammaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (O.E.A.); (A.A.A.-K.); (A.S.); (Z.H.); (O.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammad Alkhaldi
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (O.E.A.); (A.A.A.-K.); (A.S.); (Z.H.); (O.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Safwan Alomari
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Fontana F, Sommariva M, Anselmi M, Bianchi F, Limonta P, Gagliano N. Differentiation States of Phenotypic Transition of Melanoma Cells Are Revealed by 3D Cell Cultures. Cells 2024; 13:181. [PMID: 38247872 PMCID: PMC10814891 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is characterized by high metastatic potential favored by the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), leading melanoma cells to exhibit a spectrum of typical EMT markers. This study aimed to analyze the expression of EMT markers in A375 and BLM melanoma cell lines cultured in 2D monolayers and 3D spheroids using morphological and molecular methods. The expression of EMT markers was strongly affected by 3D arrangement and revealed a hybrid phenotype for the two cell lines. Indeed, although E-cadherin was almost undetectable in both A375 and BLM cells, cortical actin was detected in A375 2D monolayers and 3D spheroids and was strongly expressed in BLM 3D spheroids. The mesenchymal marker N-cadherin was significantly up-regulated in A375 3D spheroids while undetectable in BLM cells, but vimentin was similarly expressed in both cell lines at the gene and protein levels. This pattern suggests that A375 cells exhibit a more undifferentiated/mesenchymal phenotype, while BLM cells have more melanocytic/differentiated characteristics. Accordingly, the Zeb1 and 2, Slug, Snail and Twist gene expression analyses showed that they were differentially expressed in 2D monolayers compared to 3D spheroids, supporting this view. Furthermore, A375 cells are characterized by a greater invasive potential, strongly influenced by 3D arrangement, compared to the BLM cell line, as evaluated by SDS-zymography and TIMPs gene expression analysis. Finally, TGF-β1, a master controller of EMT, and lysyl oxidase (LOX), involved in melanoma progression, were strongly up-regulated by 3D arrangement in the metastatic BLM cells alone, likely playing a role in the metastatic phases of melanoma progression. Overall, these findings suggest that A375 and BLM cells possess a hybrid/intermediate phenotype in relation to the expression of EMT markers. The former is characterized by a more mesenchymal/undifferentiated phenotype, while the latter shows a more melanocytic/differentiated phenotype. Our results contribute to the characterization of the role of EMT in melanoma cells and confirm that a 3D cell culture model could provide deeper insight into our understanding of the biology of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Fontana
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.F.); (M.A.); (P.L.)
| | - Michele Sommariva
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Martina Anselmi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.F.); (M.A.); (P.L.)
| | - Francesca Bianchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.S.); (F.B.)
- U. O. Laboratorio Morfologia Umana Applicata, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Limonta
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (F.F.); (M.A.); (P.L.)
| | - Nicoletta Gagliano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.S.); (F.B.)
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Kassab AE. N-Acylhydrazone Pharmacophore's Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Profile: Recent Advancements during the Past Ten Years. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:333-351. [PMID: 38303528 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128282470240117072322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Due to its important biological and pharmacological properties, in the field of medicinal chemistry and drug discovery, the N-acylhydrazone motif has shown to be extremely adaptable and promising. This scaffold has become a crucial component in the synthesis of numerous bioactive agents. N-Acylhydrazones are also interesting biological and synthetic tools due to their easy and straightforward synthesis. The current review provides a summary of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of N-acylhydrazone derivatives over the past ten years. A brief discussion of structure-activity relationships is also provided which may guide researchers in medicinal chemistry to develop derivatives based on N-acylhydrazone scaffold as potent anti-inflammatory candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa E Kassab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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Nakajima K, Suzuki M, Kawashima I, Koshiisi M, Kumagai T, Yamamoto T, Tanaka M, Kirito K. The chaperone protein GRP78 released from MPN cells increases the expression of lysyl oxidase in a human stromal cell line. Leuk Res 2023; 134:107389. [PMID: 37757654 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2023.107389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Impaired function of the endoplasmic stress (ER) response causes numerous pathological conditions, including tissue fibrosis. In the present study, we aimed to determine the pathological role of ER stress response systems in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). We found increased expression of the chaperone protein glucose-regulated protein (GRP) 78, a central regulator of ER stress, in megakaryocytes from primary myelofibrosis or postessential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis patients. GRP78 was overexpressed in JAK2V617F-harboring cell lines; however, inhibitors of ER stress did not affect the expression levels of GRP78. In contrast, ruxolitinib, a well-known inhibitor of JAK2V617F, clearly blocked GRP78 expression in these cells through downregulation of transcription factor 4 (ATF4). Interestingly, GRP78 was secreted from HEL and SET-2 cells into culture media. Coculture of these cells with HS-5 cells, a human bone marrow stroma-derived cell line, induced enhanced expression of lysyl oxidase (LOX), which mediates cross-linking of collagen fibers and induces tissue fibrosis, in HS-5 cells. An anti-GRP78 neutralizing antibody abrogated LOX elevation; in contrast, recombinant GRP78 protein induced LOX protein expression in HS-5 cells. Our observations suggest that the oncogenic protein JAK2V617F induces overexpression and release of GRP78, which may induce a fibrotic phenotype in surrounding bone marrow stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Nakajima
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Megumi Suzuki
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kawashima
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Megumi Koshiisi
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Takuma Kumagai
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Takeo Yamamoto
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Masaru Tanaka
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Keita Kirito
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Yamanashi, Japan.
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Ponińska JK, Pelczar-Płachta W, Pollak A, Jończyk-Potoczna K, Truszkowska G, Michałowska I, Szafran E, Bilińska ZT, Bobkowski W, Płoski R. Double Heterozygous Pathogenic Variants in the LOX and PKD1 Genes in a 5-Year-Old Patient with Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Polycystic Kidney Disease. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1983. [PMID: 38002926 PMCID: PMC10671125 DOI: 10.3390/genes14111983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections may occur as an isolated hereditary trait or as part of connective tissue disorders with Mendelian inheritance, but severe cardiovascular disease in pediatric patients is extremely rare. There is growing knowledge on pathogenic variants causing the disease; however, much of the phenotypic variability and gene-gene interactions remain to be discovered. We present a case report of a 5.5-year-old girl with an aortic aneurysm and concomitant polycystic kidney disease. Whole exome sequencing was performed, followed by family screening by amplicon deep sequencing and diagnostic imaging studies. In the proband, two pathogenic variants were identified: p.Tyr257Ter in the LOX gene inherited from her mother, and p.Thr2977Ile in the PKD1 gene inherited from her father. All adult carriers of either of these variants showed symptoms of aortic disease. We conclude that the coexistence of two independent genetic variants in the proband may be the reason for an early onset of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kinga Ponińska
- Department of Medical Biology, National Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warszawa, Poland;
| | - Weronika Pelczar-Płachta
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Pollak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Centre of Biostructure, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warszawa, Poland
| | | | - Grażyna Truszkowska
- Department of Medical Biology, National Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warszawa, Poland;
| | - Ilona Michałowska
- Department of Radiology, National Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Emilia Szafran
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznań, Poland
| | - Zofia T. Bilińska
- Unit for Screening Studies in Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, National Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warszawa, Poland;
| | - Waldemar Bobkowski
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznań, Poland
| | - Rafał Płoski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Centre of Biostructure, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warszawa, Poland
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11
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Lin W, Song Y, Li T, Yan J, Zhang R, Han L, Ba X, Huang Y, Qin K, Chen Z, Wang Y, Tu S, Huang Y. Triptolide attenuates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting fibrotic extracellular matrix remodeling mediated by MMPs/ LOX/integrin. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115394. [PMID: 37660647 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrotic extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling characterized different types of pulmonary fibrosis, and its regulation could be a potential shared treatment strategy for pulmonary fibrosis. PURPOSE We aimed to investigate the effect of triptolide on pulmonary fibrosis through the inhibition of several important aspects of fibrotic ECM remodeling. METHODS Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis mice and TGF-β1-induced primary lung fibroblasts were used. The effect of triptolide on pulmonary fibrosis was detected using histopathology, immunostaining, RT-qPCR, western blotting, ELISA, and protein activity assay. RESULTS Triptolide significantly alleviated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. It inhibited the expression of fibrotic genes α-SMA, collagen I, fibronectin, and vimentin and blocked the TGF-β-SMAD signaling pathway both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, triptolide regulated the expression and activity of MMPs during fibrosis. Interestingly, it suppressed the expression of lysyl oxidase, which was responsible for matrix cross-linking and elevated ECM stiffness. Furthermore, triptolide blocked the biomechanical stress transduction pathway integrin-β1-FAK-YAP signaling and attenuated the pro-fibrotic feedback of fibrotic ECM on fibroblasts via integrin inhibition. CONCLUSION These findings show that triptolide prevents the key linkages of fibrotic ECM remodeling, including deposition, degradation, cross-linking, and pro-fibrotic feedback and, therefore, has potential therapeutic value for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiji Lin
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaqin Song
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahui Yan
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruiyuan Zhang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Han
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Ba
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Qin
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shenghao Tu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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12
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Vargila F, Bai SMM, Mary JVJ, Ramesh M. Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity of hemolymph lectin (NagLec) isolated from the freshwater crab, Oziotelphusanaga. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2023; 141:109001. [PMID: 37597641 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Lectins are non-immune glycoproteins or proteins having a unique capacity to interact with carbohydrate ligands found on the surface of their host cells. In the present investigation, the lectin was purified from the hemolymph of freshwater crab, Oziotelphusa naga and its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity was analysed. The preliminary characterization of the hemagglutinin was carried out to identify the erythrocyte and sugar specificity, optimum pH and temperature and cation dependency. The agglutinin was found to be highly specific to rabbit erythrocyte and inhibited by fetuin and α-lactose. Maximum hemagglutination activity was noted at pH 7.5-8 and temperature 20-40 °C. An O-acetyl sialic acid specific 75 kDa hemolymph lectin, designated as NagLec was isolated from the freshwater crab, Oziotelphusa naga by affinity chromatography on fetuin coupled Sepharose 4 B, with a purification fold of 185. The bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis and fungus Candida albicans had the greatest zone of inhibition when treated with NagLec. The results of the Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays showed that the purified lectin inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus at 0.031 and 0.065 μg/ml, which proved the bactericidal property of NagLec. NagLec generated alterations on the bacterial cells and led to protein leakage, which was dosage (24 and 48 μg/ml) and time dependent (10-40 min). COX and LOX enzyme was inhibited to 49.43% and 61.81% with 100 μg/ml concentration of NagLec respectively, demonstrating NagLec's ability to reduce inflammation. Furthermore, NagLec (500 μg) suppressed protein denaturation up to 77.12% whereas diclofenac sodium (a standard drug) was inhibited by 89.36%. The results indicate that NagLec, a sialic acid specific lectin isolated from the freshwater crab O. naga could be formulated as a nano drug in future owing to its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic potential that could be targeted to specific pathogenic microbes and treat arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Vargila
- Department of Zoology, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Nagercoil, Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, 627 012, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - S Mary Mettilda Bai
- Department of Zoology, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Nagercoil, Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, 627 012, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J Vinoliya Josephine Mary
- Department of Zoology, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Nagercoil, Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, 627 012, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Ramesh
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
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Liu E, Li W, Jian LP, Yin S, Yang S, Zhao H, Huang W, Zhang Y, Zhou H. Identification of LOX as a candidate prognostic biomarker in Glioblastoma multiforme. Transl Oncol 2023; 36:101739. [PMID: 37544033 PMCID: PMC10423882 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant type of glioma. GBM tumors grow rapidly, have a high degree of malignancy, and are characterized by a fast disease progression. Unfortunately, there is a lack of effective treatments. An effective strategy for the treatment of GBM would be to identify key biomarkers correlating with the occurrence and progression of GBM and developing these biomarkers into therapeutic targets. METHOD AND RESULTS In this study, using integrated bioinformatics analysis, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 130 genes that were upregulated in GBM compared to normal brain tissue, and 128 genes that were downregulated in GBM. Based on Gene Ontology enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, these genes were associated with regulation of tumor cell adhesion, differentiation, morphology in GBM and were mainly enriched in Complement and coagulation cascades pathway. The Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database was used to construct a Protein-Protein Interaction network. Ten hub genes were identified, including FN1, CD44, MYC, CDK1, SERPINE1, COL3A1, COL1A2, LOX, POSTN and EZH2, all of which were significantly upregulated in GBM, these results were confirmed by oncomine database exploration. Alteration analysis of hub genes found that patients with alteration in at least one of the hub genes showed shorter median survival times (p = 0.013) and shorter median disease-free survival times (p = 2.488E-3) than patients without alterations in any of the hub genes. Multiple tests for survival analysis showed that among individual hub genes only expression of LOX was correlated with patient survival (P < 0.05).GDS4467 data set was used to analyze the expression of LOX in gliomas with different degrees of malignancy, and it was found that the expression level of LOX was positively correlated with the malignant degree of gliomas.By analyzing GDS 4535 data set showed that the expression level of LOX was positively correlated with the differentiation degree of GBM cells CONCLUSION: This research suggests that FN1, CD44, MYC, CDK1, SERPINE1, COL3A1, COL1A2, LOX, POSTN and EZH2 are key genes in GBM. However, only LOX is correlated with patient survival and promotes glioblastoma cell differentiation and tumor recurrence. LOX may be a candidate prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erheng Liu
- Neurosurgery Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Department of Chemical Biology, Yunnan Technician College, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Li-Peng Jian
- Neurosurgery Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province.
| | - Shi Yin
- Neurosurgery Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province.
| | - Shuaifeng Yang
- Neurosurgery Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province
| | - Heng Zhao
- Neurosurgery Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province
| | - Wei Huang
- Neurosurgery Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province.
| | - Yongfa Zhang
- Neurosurgery Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province.
| | - Hu Zhou
- Neurosurgery Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province.
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Redzicka A, Wiatrak B, Jęśkowiak-Kossakowska I, Kochel A, Płaczek R, Czyżnikowska Ż. Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Study of 4,6-Dimethyl-5-aryl/alkyl-2-[2-hydroxy-3-(4-substituted-1-piperazinyl)propyl]pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole-1,3(2 H,5 H)-diones as Anti-Inflammatory Agents with Dual Inhibition of COX and LOX. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:804. [PMID: 37375750 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we characterize the biological activity of a newly designed and synthesized series of 15 compounds 2-[2-hydroxy-3-(4-substituted-1-piperazinyl)propyl] derivatives of pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole 3a-3o. The compounds were obtained with good yields of pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole scaffold 2a-2c with secondary amines in C2H5OH. The chemical structures of the compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FT-IR, and MS. All the new compounds were investigated for their potencies to inhibit the activity of three enzymes, i.e., COX-1, COX-2, and LOX, by a colorimetric inhibitor screening assay. In order to analyze the structural basis of interactions between the ligands and cyclooxygenase/lipooxygenase, experimental data were supported by the results of molecular docking simulations. The data indicate that all of the tested compounds influence the activity of COX-1, COX-2, and LOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Redzicka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Benita Wiatrak
- Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Andrzej Kochel
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, ul. F.J oliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Remigiusz Płaczek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Żaneta Czyżnikowska
- Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
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15
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Filip E, Woronko K, Stępień E, Czarniecka N. An Overview of Factors Affecting the Functional Quality of Common Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087524. [PMID: 37108683 PMCID: PMC10142556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important crops worldwide, and, as a resilient cereal, it grows in various climatic zones. Due to changing climatic conditions and naturally occurring environmental fluctuations, the priority problem in the cultivation of wheat is to improve the quality of the crop. Biotic and abiotic stressors are known factors leading to the deterioration of wheat grain quality and to crop yield reduction. The current state of knowledge on wheat genetics shows significant progress in the analysis of gluten, starch, and lipid genes responsible for the synthesis of the main nutrients in the endosperm of common wheat grain. By identifying these genes through transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics studies, we influence the creation of high-quality wheat. In this review, previous works were assessed to investigate the significance of genes, puroindolines, starches, lipids, and the impact of environmental factors, as well as their effects on the wheat grain quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Filip
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 13 Wąska, 71-415 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karolina Woronko
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 13 Wąska, 71-415 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Edyta Stępień
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Adama Mickiewicza 16, 70-383 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Natalia Czarniecka
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 13 Wąska, 71-415 Szczecin, Poland
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16
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Fan Y, Na SY, Jung YS, Radhakrishnan K, Choi HS. Estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) is a key regulator of lysyl oxidase gene expression in mouse hepatocytes. Steroids 2023; 194:109226. [PMID: 36948345 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Lysyl oxidase (LOX), the copper-dependent extracellular enzyme, plays a critical role in the regulation of protein cross-linking in the extracellular matrix (ECM). It is also involved in liver regeneration and liver fibrosis. However, the mechanism of LOX regulation in mouse hepatocytes is still unclear. Here, we identify a molecular mechanism showing that orphan nuclear receptor estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) regulates LOX gene expression in the presence of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin 6 (IL6). IL6 significantly stimulated the expression of ERRγ and LOX in mouse hepatocytes. Overexpression of ERRγ increased LOX mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, knockdown of ERRγ attenuated IL6-mediated LOX gene expression at mRNA and protein levels. Overexpression of ERRγ or IL6 treatment upregulated LOX gene promoter activity, while knockdown of ERRγ decreased the IL6-induced LOX promoter activity. Furthermore, GSK5182, a specific ERRγ inverse agonist, inhibited the induction effect of IL6 on LOX promoter activity and gene expression in mouse hepatocytes. Overall, our study elucidates the mechanism involved in the LOX gene regulation by nuclear receptor ERRγ in response to IL6 in mouse hepatocytes, suggesting that, in conditions such as chronic inflammation, IL6 may contribute to liver fibrosis via inducing LOX gene expression. Thus, LOX gene regulation by the inverse agonist of ERRγ can be applied to improve liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Fan
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Young Na
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Seok Jung
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Kamalakannan Radhakrishnan
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hueng-Sik Choi
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Martins AN, de Souza Almeida D, Florentino IF, da Silva Moreira LK, Turones LC, Batista DC, Machado LS, Vaz BG, Lião LM, de Almeida Ribeiro Oliveira G, Martins JLR, Fajemiroye JO, Menegatti R, Costa EA, da Silva DPB. Pharmacological evaluation of antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of LQFM202: a new piperazine derivative. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:411-422. [PMID: 36443517 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01103-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Advances have been made in the search for new multi-target modulators to control pain and inflammation. Therefore, compound 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methanone (LQFM202) was synthesised and evaluated. First, in vitro assays were performed for COX-1, COX-2, and 5-LOX enzymes. Subsequently, adult female Swiss albino mice treated orally with LQFM202 at doses of 25-200 mg/kg were subjected to acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin-induced pain, carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia, carrageenan- or zymosan-induced paw oedema, or pleurisy. LQFM202 inhibited COX-1, COX-2, and LOX-5 (IC50 = 3499 µM, 1565 µM, and 1343 µM, respectively). In acute animal models, LQFM202 (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg) decreased the amount of abdominal writhing (29%, 52% and 48%, respectively). Pain in the second phase of the formalin test was reduced by 46% with intermediate dose. LQFM202 (100 mg/kg) reduced the difference in nociceptive threshold in all 4 h evaluated (46%, 37%, 30%, and 26%, respectively). LQFM202 (50 mg/kg) decreased the carrageenan-oedema from the second hour (27%, 31% and 25%, respectively); however, LQFM202 (100 mg/kg) decreased the carrageenan-oedema in all hours evaluated (35%, 42%, 48% and 50%, respectively). When using zymosan, LQFM202 (50 mg/kg) decreased the oedema in all hours evaluated (33%, 32%, 31% and 20%, respectively). In the carrageenan-pleurisy test, LQFM202 (50 mg/kg) reduced significantly the number of polymorphonuclear cells (34%), the myeloperoxidase activity (53%), TNF-α levels (47%), and IL-1β levels (58.8%). When using zymosan, LQFM202 (50 mg/kg) reduced the number of polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells (54% and 79%, respectively); and the myeloperoxidase activity (46%). These results suggest antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of LQFM202.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline N Martins
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Dionys de Souza Almeida
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Iziara F Florentino
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Lorrane K da Silva Moreira
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Larissa C Turones
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Daniel C Batista
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Lucas S Machado
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Boniek G Vaz
- Chemistry Institute, Laboratory of Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Luciano M Lião
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - José Luís Rodrigues Martins
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - James Oluwagbamigbe Fajemiroye
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Menegatti
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Elson A Costa
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Daiany P B da Silva
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
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Tsiftsoglou OS, Atskakani ME, Krigas N, Stefanakis MK, Gounaris C, Hadjipavlou-Litina D, Lazari D. Exploring the Medicinal Potential of Achillea grandifolia in Greek Wild-Growing Populations: Characterization of Volatile Compounds, Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Leaves and Inflorescences. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12030613. [PMID: 36771695 PMCID: PMC9919988 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Various species of the genus Achillea L. (Asteraceae) are traditionally used worldwide for wound healing against diarrhea, flatulence, and abdominal pains, as diuretic and emmenagogue agents. In the present study, the essential oils (EOs) obtained separately from the leaves and inflorescences of wild-growing Achillea grandifolia Friv. from Mt. Menoikio and Mt. Pelion (Greece) were analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The major compounds found in EOs of A. grandifolia inflorescences from Mt. Menoikio were as follows: cis-thujone (36.9%), 1,8-cineole (11.9%), camphor (10.0%), ascaridole (7.3%), α-terpinene (6.4%), sabinene (4.1%), trans-thujone (3.6%), and cis-jasmone (3.4%). In leaves from Mt. Menoikio, they were as follows: cis-thujone (50.8%), 1,8-cineole (20.0%), trans-thujone (5.5%), camphor (5.5%), borneol (3.6%), and α-terpineol (3.1%). In inflorescences from Mt. Pelion, they were as follows: camphor (70.5%), camphene (5.9%), cis-jasmone (3.2%), bornyl acetate (3.2%). In leaves from Mt. Pelion, they were as follows: camphor (83.2%), camphene (3.9%), and borneol (3.7%). Subsequently, the samples were first time tested for their antioxidant activities with the interaction of EOs with DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and their inhibition of lipid peroxidation, as well as for their anti-inflammatory activity through the soybean LOX (lipoxygenase) inhibition. All of the examined samples were found effective. A. grandifolia leaves presented the highest antioxidant potential according to the DPPH method, and the highest percentage of LOX inhibition. The study herein investigated for the first time the leaves and the inflorescences of A. grandifolia separately, and the results generally align with similar studies from neighboring countries (Turkey and Serbia) in terms of the yields and categorization of main EO compounds (oxygenated monoterpenes). However, the findings were not in agreement with previously studied Greek material, as a higher amount of cis-thujone and lower antioxidant activity are reported herein. Both the EOs of inflorescences and the leaves of the wild-growing population collected from Mt. Menoikio were characterized by a high quantity of cis-thujone (36.9% and 50.8%, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga S. Tsiftsoglou
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria-Eleni Atskakani
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikos Krigas
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Christos Gounaris
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra Hadjipavlou-Litina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Diamanto Lazari
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Karolkowski A, Gourrat K, Bouzidi E, Albouy JF, Levavasseur L, Briand L, Guichard E, Salles C. Origins of volatile compounds and identification of odour-active compounds in air-classified fractions of faba bean (Vicia faba L. minor). Food Res Int 2023; 163:112260. [PMID: 36596170 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Faba bean (Vicia faba L. minor) has many interests but is characterised by off-notes (negative odours/aromas) due to volatile compounds that are promoted during seed processing. Little is known about the volatile compounds of faba bean and their contribution to its odour. The purpose of this study was to determine the volatile compound origins of air-classified fractions (flour (F), starch (S) and protein (P)) from 3 faba bean cultivars and identify the odour-active compounds. Firstly, the volatile content of the fractions was extracted by solvent-assisted flavour evaporation (SAFE) and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 147 volatile compounds were detected and categorised into 12 chemical classes. The P fractions had many volatile compounds from free fatty acid (FFA) oxidation and a higher lipoxygenase (LOX) activity. The volatile content suggested that cultivar 1 (C1) was confronted with a biotic stress at field whereas cultivar 2 (C2), richer in molecules from amino acid (AA) degradation, was contaminated by microorganisms in the field. Secondly, 35 odour-active compounds (OACs) were identified by GC-olfactometry (GC-O) and 12 odour-classes were used to describe the faba bean odours. The P fractions had higher detection frequency (DF) than the S and F fractions. P2 had a more complex odour profile due to important FFA and AA degradation. This work provides a better understanding of the impact of cultivar and processing steps on the faba bean volatile content. Selection of pulse-based ingredients with low volatile compounds could improve their flavour and increase their consumption.
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20
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Serra-Bardenys G, Peiró S. Enzymatic lysine oxidation as a posttranslational modification. FEBS J 2022; 289:8020-8031. [PMID: 34535954 PMCID: PMC10078733 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Oxidoreductases catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions and comprise a very large and diverse group of enzymes, which can be subclassified depending on the catalytic mechanisms of the enzymes. One of the most prominent oxidative modifications in proteins is carbonylation, which involves the formation of aldehyde and keto groups in the side chain of lysines. This modification can alter the local macromolecular structure of proteins, thereby regulating their function, stability, and/or localization, as well as the nature of any protein-protein and/or protein-nucleic acid interactions. In this review, we focus on copper-dependent amine oxidases, which catalyze oxidative deamination of amines to aldehydes. In particular, we discuss oxidation reactions that involve lysine residues and that are regulated by members of the lysyl oxidase (LOX) family of proteins. We summarize what is known about the newly identified substrates and how this posttranslational modification regulates protein function in different contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandra Peiró
- Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
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21
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Adamo CS, Beyens A, Schiavinato A, Keene DR, Tufa SF, Mörgelin M, Brinckmann J, Sasaki T, Niehoff A, Dreiner M, Pottie L, Muiño-Mosquera L, Gulec EY, Gezdirici A, Braghetta P, Bonaldo P, Wagener R, Paulsson M, Bornaun H, De Rycke R, De Bruyne M, Baeke F, Devine WP, Gangaram B, Tam A, Balasubramanian M, Ellard S, Moore S, Symoens S, Shen J, Cole S, Schwarze U, Holmes KW, Hayflick SJ, Wiszniewski W, Nampoothiri S, Davis EC, Sakai LY, Sengle G, Callewaert B. EMILIN1 deficiency causes arterial tortuosity with osteopenia and connects impaired elastogenesis with defective collagen fibrillogenesis. Am J Hum Genet 2022; 109:2230-52. [PMID: 36351433 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
EMILIN1 (elastin-microfibril-interface-located-protein-1) is a structural component of the elastic fiber network and localizes to the interface between the fibrillin microfibril scaffold and the elastin core. How EMILIN1 contributes to connective tissue integrity is not fully understood. Here, we report bi-allelic EMILIN1 loss-of-function variants causative for an entity combining cutis laxa, arterial tortuosity, aneurysm formation, and bone fragility, resembling autosomal-recessive cutis laxa type 1B, due to EFEMP2 (FBLN4) deficiency. In both humans and mice, absence of EMILIN1 impairs EFEMP2 extracellular matrix deposition and LOX activity resulting in impaired elastogenesis, reduced collagen crosslinking, and aberrant growth factor signaling. Collagen fiber ultrastructure and histopathology in EMILIN1- or EFEMP2-deficient skin and aorta corroborate these findings and murine Emilin1-/- femora show abnormal trabecular bone formation and strength. Altogether, EMILIN1 connects elastic fiber network with collagen fibril formation, relevant for both bone and vascular tissue homeostasis.
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22
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Dey R, Dey S, Samadder A, Saxena AK, Nandi S. Natural Inhibitors against Potential Targets of Cyclooxygenase, Lipoxygenase and Leukotrienes. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2022; 25:2341-2357. [PMID: 34533441 DOI: 10.2174/1386207325666210917111847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclooxygenase (COX) and Lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes catalyze the production of pain mediators like Prostaglandins (PGs) and Leukotrienes (LTs), respectively from arachidonic acid. INTRODUCTION The COX and LOX enzyme modulators are responsible for the major PGs and LTs mediated complications like asthma, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, neuropathy and Cardiovascular Syndromes (CVS). Many synthetic Nonsteroidal Anti- Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) used in the treatment have serious side effects like nausea, vomiting, hyperacidity, gastrointestinal ulcers, CVS, etc. Methods: The natural inhibitors of pain mediators have great acceptance worldwide due to fewer side effects on long-term uses. The present review is an extensive study of the advantages of plantbased vs synthetic inhibitors. RESULTS These natural COX and LOX inhibitors control inflammatory response without causing side-effect-related complicacy. CONCLUSION Therefore, the natural COX and LOX inhibitors may be used as alternative medicines for the management of pain and inflammation due to their less toxicity and resistivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishita Dey
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Lab., Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, India
| | - Sudatta Dey
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Lab., Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, India
| | - Asmita Samadder
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Lab., Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, India
| | - Anil Kumar Saxena
- Global Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (Affiliated to Uttarakhand Technical University), Kashipur-244713, India
| | - Sisir Nandi
- Global Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (Affiliated to Uttarakhand Technical University), Kashipur-244713, India
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23
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Haroun M, Petrou A, Tratrat C, Kolokotroni A, Fesatidou M, Zagaliotis P, Gavalas A, Venugopala KN, Sreeharsha N, Nair AB, Elsewedy HS, Geronikaki A. Discovery of 5-Methylthiazole-Thiazolidinone Conjugates as Potential Anti-Inflammatory Agents: Molecular Target Identification and In Silico Studies. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238137. [PMID: 36500230 PMCID: PMC9737349 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of previously synthesized 5-benzyliden-2-(5-methylthiazole-2-ylimino)thiazoli- din-4-one were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity on the basis of PASS predictive outcomes. The predictive compounds were found to demonstrate moderate to good anti-inflammatory activity, and some of them displayed better activity than indomethacin used as the reference drug. Structure-activity relationships revealed that the activity of compounds depends not only on the nature of the substituent but also on its position in the benzene ring. The most active compounds were selected to investigate their possible mechanism of action. COX and LOX activity were determined and found that the title compounds were active only to COX-1 enzymes with an inhibitory effect superior to the reference drug naproxen. As for LOX inhibitory activity, the derivatives failed to show remarkable LOX inhibition. Therefore, COX-1 has been identified as the main molecular target for the anti-inflammatory activity of our compounds. The docking study against COX-1 active site revealed that the residue Arg 120 was found to be responsible for activity. In summary, the 5-thiazol-based thiazolidinone derivatives have been identified as a novel class of selective COX-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelyne Haroun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (A.G.); Tel.: +966-550909890 (M.H.); +30-2310-997-616 (A.G.)
| | - Anthi Petrou
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christophe Tratrat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aggeliki Kolokotroni
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Fesatidou
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Zagaliotis
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Antonis Gavalas
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Nagaraja Sreeharsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Off Sarjapura Road, Bangalore 560035, India
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Sadek Elsewedy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Athina Geronikaki
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (A.G.); Tel.: +966-550909890 (M.H.); +30-2310-997-616 (A.G.)
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24
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Zinia SA, Nupur AH, Karmoker P, Hossain A, Jubayer MF, Akhter D, Mazumder MAR. Effects of sprouting of soybean on the anti-nutritional, nutritional, textural and sensory quality of tofu. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10878. [PMID: 36247161 PMCID: PMC9563182 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max) is a superior plant food known as the miracle golden bean due to its treasure trove of inexpensive and superior protein to high-priced meat protein. Tofu is typically thought of as a salt or acid-coagulated water-based gel containing soy lipids and proteins trapped within its gel networks. Sprouted tofu is easier to digest and contains more nutrients than regular tofu. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutritional and sensory quality of tofu. The study was concerned with the preparation of tofu from non-germinated and germinated soybeans of 0 (T0), 2 (T1), 4 (T2) and 6 (T3) days. The length of the radicle was 0.8, 1.5, and 2 inches for T1, T2, and T3, respectively. Lipoxygenase activity, phytate inhibitory activity, urease activity, trypsin inhibitory activity, protein solubility, nutritional, and sensory quality of prepared tofu were all assessed. Longer sprouting times reduced phytate, urease, trypsin, and lipoxygenase activity while increasing protein solubility. Tofu prepared from T3 showed significantly better physicochemical properties than others. Protein, ash, and fat contents were significantly higher in T3. The level of nutrient content for tofu samples was in the rank of T3>T2>T1>T0. The L∗, a∗ and b∗ values were followed the same ranked as nutrient content (T3>T2>T1>T0). Sensory characteristics indicated that T3 was significantly more acceptable to the panelist. This study concludes that tofu made from 6 day sprouted soybeans with a height of 2 inches can be a good source of nutrition for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaiya Afrin Zinia
- Department of Food Technology and Rural Industries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Asmaul Husna Nupur
- Department of Food Technology and Rural Industries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Poly Karmoker
- Department of Food Technology and Rural Industries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Abir Hossain
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology, Gazipur 1707, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Fahad Jubayer
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author.
| | - Delara Akhter
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Anisur Rahman Mazumder
- Department of Food Technology and Rural Industries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author.
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25
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Yue R, Zhang Z, Shi Q, Duan X, Wen C, Shen B, Li X. Identification of the key genes contributing to the LOX-HPL volatile aldehyde biosynthesis pathway in jujube fruit. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:285-94. [PMID: 36150569 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is a traditional popular fruit widely grown in China. The volatiles in jujube determine its unique flavor and the high fruit quality required by consumers. However, the biosynthesis of volatiles in jujube were remain unknown. By using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, there were 46 volatile compounds were identified and determined from three representative jujube fruit types at six developmental stages, including the dry-used (Z. jujuba cv. 'Junzao'), the fresh-used (Z. jujuba cv. 'Dongzao'), and wild jujube (Z. jujuba var. spinosa Hu. cv. 'Qingjiansuanzao'). The aldehydes were identified as major volatile contributors to flavor, of which (E)-2-hexenal was the primary volatile in jujube fruit. Then LOX and HPL gene family were identified in jujube, which were involved in aldehyde biosynthesis through the lipoxygenase-hydroperoxide lyase (LOX-HPL) pathway. Gene expression analysis suggested that ZjLOX3, ZjLOX4, and ZjHPL1 were highly correlated with the accumulation of (E)-2-hexenal, and their proteins were localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm. Transient over-expression of ZjLOX3, ZjLOX4, and ZjHPL1 in jujube fruit significantly enhanced the accumulation of (E)-2-hexenal. Our study provides valuable information on the major volatiles and their biosynthesis in different types of jujube fruit. These results will help determine flavor improvements for future breeding.
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26
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Luo C, Li B, Liu C, Dong R, Hu C, Liu J, Hu L, Liao X, Zhou J, Xu L, Liu S, Yuan D, Jiang W, Yan J, Li Y. Lysyl oxidase family gene polymorphisms and risk of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a case-control study. Ann Transl Med 2022; 10:925. [PMID: 36172092 PMCID: PMC9511205 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-3484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a devastating disease caused by intracranial aneurysm (IA) rupture. Lysyl oxidase (LOX) family genes (LOX-like [LOXL] 1-4) have roles in collagen cross-linking in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and may be associated with IA rupture. We aimed to explore the association between LOX polymorphisms and the risk of aSAH. Methods This case-control study included 2 cohorts: 133 single ruptured and 115 unruptured IA patients, and 65 multiple ruptured and 71 unruptured IA patients. Genotyping of 27 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in LOX was performed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the SNPs of LOX and the risk of aSAH. Results LOX rs1800449 and LOXL4 rs3793692 were positively associated with the risk of single IA rupture in the recessive model (OR =5.66, 2.06; 95% CI =1.22–26.24, 1.11–3.82, respectively) and LOX rs10519694 demonstrated a protective effect on single IA rupture (dominant model: OR =0.42, 95% CI =0.21–0.83; recessive model: OR =0.16, 95% CI =0.04–0.65; additive model: OR =0.46, 95% CI =0.28–0.78). LOXL1 rs2165241, LOXL2 rs1063582, and LOXL3 rs17010021 showed risk effects on multiple IAs rupture. LOXL3 rs17010022 showed a protective effect on multiple IAs ruptures (dominant model: OR =0.41, 95% CI =0.21–0.82; additive model: OR =0.51, 95% CI =0.30–0.85). Conclusions LOX and LOXL4 may be susceptibility genes for single IA rupture, whereas LOXL1-3 may have a role in susceptibility to multiple IAs ruptures in the Chinese population, suggesting that LOX family genes may be associated with aSAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bingyang Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Information Statistics, Changsha Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Changsha Eighth Hospital), Changsha, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Central Hospital of Zhuzhou, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Rui Dong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chongyu Hu
- Department of Neurology, Hunan People's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Junyu Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liming Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Liao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Jilin Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Songlin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dun Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weixi Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junxia Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yifeng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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27
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Wang X, Zhang C, Miao Y, Deng L, Zhang B, Meng J, Wang Y, Pan L, Niu L, Liu H, Cui G, Wang Z, Zeng W. Interaction between PpERF5 and PpERF7 enhances peach fruit aroma by upregulating Pp LOX4 expression. Plant Physiol Biochem 2022; 185:378-389. [PMID: 35777129 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene plays a critical role in peach (Prunus persica) fruit ripening; however, the molecular mechanism underlying ethylene-mediated aroma biosynthesis remains unclear. Here, we compared the difference in aroma-related volatiles and gene expression levels between melting-flesh (MF) and stony hard (SH) peach cultivars at S3, S4 I, S4 II, S4 III stages, and explored the relation between volatile biosynthesis related genes and ethylene response factor (ERF) genes. The concentration of fruity aromatic compounds such as lactones and terpenes increased significantly in MF peach during fruit ripening, while it was nearly undetectable in SH peach. LOX4 and FAD1 genes expressed concomitantly with ethylene emission and significantly downregulated by 1-MCP. Besides, 1-MCP treatment could sharply influence the fruity aromatic compounds, suggesting that these genes play key roles in volatile biosynthesis during fruit ripening. Furthermore, PpERF5 and PpERF7 could bind together to form a protein complex that enhanced the transcription of LOX4 more than each transcription factor individually. Overall, this work provides new insights into the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms associated with aroma formation during peach fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobei Wang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, PR China
| | - Chunling Zhang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, PR China
| | - Yule Miao
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, PR China
| | - Li Deng
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology, Huajiachi Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Junren Meng
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, PR China
| | - Lei Pan
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, PR China
| | - Liang Niu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, PR China
| | - Hui Liu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, PR China
| | - Guochao Cui
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, PR China.
| | - Wenfang Zeng
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, PR China.
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28
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Zhang X, Zhou W, Niu Y, Zhu S, Zhang Y, Li X, Yu C. Lysyl oxidase promotes renal fibrosis via accelerating collagen cross-link driving by β-arrestin/ERK/STAT3 pathway. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22427. [PMID: 35792886 PMCID: PMC9544652 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200573r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is a copper‐dependent monoamine oxidase whose primary function is the covalent cross‐linking of collagen in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Evidence has shown that LOX is associated with cancer and some fibrotic conditions. We recently found that serum LOX is a potential diagnostic biomarker for renal fibrosis, but the mechanism by which LOX is regulated and contributes to renal fibrosis remains unknown. The current study demonstrates the following: (1) LOX expression was increased in fibrotic kidneys including ischemia‐reperfusion injury‐(IRI‐), unilateral ureteral obstruction‐(UUO‐), and folic acid‐ (FA‐) induced fibrotic kidneys as well as in the paraffin‐embedded sections of human kidneys from the patients with renal fibrosis. (2) The increasing deposition and cross‐linking of collagen induced by LOX was observed in IRI‐, UUO‐ and FA‐kidneys. (3) LOX was regulated by the β‐arrestin‐ERK‐STAT3 pathway in renal fibrosis. STAT3 was the downstream of AT1R‐β‐arrestin‐ERK, ERK entered the nucleus and activated STAT3‐pY705 but not STAT3‐pS727. (4) STAT3 nuclear subtranslocation and binding to the LOX promoter may be responsible for the upregulation of LOX expression. (5) Pharmacologic inhibition of LOX with BAPN in vivo inhibited the upregulation of LOX, decreased collagen over cross‐linking and ameliorated renal fibrosis after ischemic injury. Collectively, these observations suggest that LOX plays an essential role in the development of renal fibrosis by catalyzing collagen over cross‐linking. Thus, strategies targeting LOX could be a new avenue in developing therapeutics against renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenqian Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangyang Niu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Saiya Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Dpartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Zhou ZW, Wu QY, Yang Y, Hu QC, Wu ZJ, Huang HQ, Lin HZ, Lai ZX, Sun Y. The Dynamic Change in Fatty Acids during the Postharvest Process of Oolong Tea Production. Molecules 2022; 27. [PMID: 35807544 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As important factors to oolong tea quality, the accumulation and dynamic change in aroma substances attracts great attention. The volatile composition of oolong tea is closely related to the precursor contents. Fatty acids (FAs) and their derivatives are basic components of oolong tea fragrance during the postharvest process. However, information about the precursors of FAs during the postharvest process of oolong tea production is rare. To investigate the transformation of fatty acids during the process of oolong tea production, gas chromatograph−flame ionization detection (GC-FID) was conducted to analyze the composition of FAs. The results show that the content of total polyunsaturated FAs initially increased and then decreased. Specifically, the contents of α-linolenic acid, linoleic acid and other representative substances decreased after the turn-over process of oolong tea production. The results of partial least squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) showed that five types of FAs were obviously impacted by the processing methods of oolong tea (VIP > 1.0). LOX (Lipoxygenase, EC 1.13.11.12) is considered one of the key rate-limiting enzymes of long-chain unsaturated FAs in the LOX-HPL (hydroperoxide lyase) pathway, and the mechanical wounding occurring during the postharvest process of oolong tea production greatly elevated the activity of LOX.
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Zhao R, Yang L, He S, Xia T. Nucleus pulposus cell senescence is regulated by substrate stiffness and is alleviated by LOX possibly through the integrin β1-p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2022; 417:113230. [PMID: 35667466 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a main contributor to induce low back pain, and the pathogenic mechanism of IVDD remains unclear. The nucleus pulposus (NP) is a component of the intervertebral disc (IVD) that provides protection from mechanical stimuli. The matrix stiffness of NP tissue increases during the process of disc degeneration. Although several studies have found that pathological mechanical stimuli induce NP cell senescence, which is relevant for NP degeneration, however, the effect of matrix stiffness on NP cell senescence is not clear. Therefore, in the present study, we used polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel with controllable stiffness to mimic the matrix stiffness of normal (4 kPa) and severely degenerated (20 kPa) NP tissue. Rat NP cells were isolated and cultured on substrates with different stiffness, and the cell proliferation, SA-β-gal activity, cell cycle, telomerase activity and the phenotype markers of NP cells were analyzed. Moreover, cytoskeleton staining and NP cellular Young's modulus on different substrates were also measured. To further investigate how substrate stiffness affects NP cell senescence, lysyl oxidase (LOX) was used to restore the extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis of NP cells. The expression levels of integrin β1 and p38 MAPK were then measured. Our results showed that the 20 kPa substrate significantly induced NP cell senescence compared to the 4 kPa substrate. NP cells cultured on the 20 kPa substrate failed to maintain the expression of their phenotype markers. Furthermore, the 20 kPa substrate induced an increase of Young's modulus of NP cells, which possibly through up regulating the expressions of integrin β1 and p38 MAPK. These results indicated that the integrin β1-p38 MAPK signaling pathway may participated in substrate stiffness induced senescence of NP cells. LOX significantly increased ECM synthesis and inhibited substrate stiffness induced NP cell senescence, which indicated that matrix mechanics may be essential for maintaining the function of NP cell. Our results may provide a new perspective on the mechanism of IVDD by pathological matrix mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runze Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Shuangjian He
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215153, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Tingting Xia
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215153, Jiangsu, China.
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Binay S, Kaptan E. Transcription factor Runx2 changes the expression of some matricellular proteins in metastatic breast cancer cells. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6433-6441. [PMID: 35441354 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07457-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Runx2 is one of the runt-related genes that are overexpressed in human cancers and contribute to metastasis. The cancer cell metastasis requires modifications of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and reduction in ECM-cell interaction. This process is performed by various enzymes and proteins secreted by cancer and surrounding cells. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the Runx2 transcription factor on the expression of matricellular proteins such as HPA1, LOX, SPARC, and OPN, which have important roles in ECM modification and ECM-cell interaction in human breast cancer. Also, the changes in their associated oncogenic pathways including Akt, Erk, FAK activities, and c-jun protein expression were investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS Runx2 knockdown model was created using runx2 siRNA in MDA-MB-231 human metastatic breast cancer cells. The changes in the mRNA and protein expressions of ECM proteins were shown by the qPCR and Western blotting, respectively. The results showed that there was a decrease in both mRNA and protein expressions of HPA1, SPARC, and LOX, whereas there was no change in those of OPN. Phosphorylated Akt, Erk, FAK levels, and protein expression of c-jun, however, decreased in the cells. CONCLUSION Our results revealed that Runx2 affected matricellular protein expression, which is important for metastasis and invasion of breast cancer. Hence, we have concluded that runx2 appears to be efficient for regulating breast cancer metastasis through an expression of matricellular proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevgi Binay
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Engin Kaptan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Chistyakov DV, Guryleva MV, Stepanova ES, Makarenkova LM, Ptitsyna EV, Goriainov SV, Nikolskaya AI, Astakhova AA, Klimenko AS, Bezborodova OA, Rasskazova EA, Potanina OG, Abramovich RA, Nemtsova ER, Sergeeva MG. Multi-Omics Approach Points to the Importance of Oxylipins Metabolism in Early-Stage Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2041. [PMID: 35454947 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14082041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The involvement of oxylipins, metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids, in cancer pathogenesis was known long ago, but only the development of the high-throughput methods get the opportunity to study oxylipins on a system level. The study aimed to elucidate alterations in oxylipin metabolism as characteristics of breast cancer patients. We compared the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) oxylipin profile signatures in the blood plasma of 152 healthy volunteers (HC) and 169 patients with different stages of breast cancer (BC). To integrate lipidomics, transcriptomics, and genomics data, we analyzed a transcriptome of 10 open database datasets obtained from tissues and blood cells of BC patients and SNP data for 33 genes related to oxylipin metabolism. We identified 18 oxylipins, metabolites of omega-3 or omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, that were differentially expressed between BCvsHC patients, including anandamide, prostaglandins and hydroxydocosahexaenoic acids. DEGs analysis of tissue and blood samples from BC patients revealed that 19 genes for oxylipin biosynthesis change their expression level, with CYP2C19, PTGS2, HPGD, and FAAH included in the list of DEGs in the analysis of transcriptomes and the list of SNPs associated with BC. Results allow us to suppose that oxylipin signatures reflect the organism's level of response to the disease. Our data regarding changes in oxylipins at the system level show that oxylipin profiles can be used to evaluate the early stages of breast cancer.
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Chakravarty M, Ponnam SPG, Bardoloi N, Kumar S, Saikia P. A comprehensive molecular genetic analysis of keratoconus patients from assam, a northeastern state of India. Eur J Ophthalmol 2022; 32:1361-1369. [PMID: 35296157 DOI: 10.1177/11206721221087551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Keratoconus (KC, OMIM: 148300) is a progressive corneal ectatic disorder characterized by thinning and protrusion of cornea resulting in visual decrement. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the current study, we recruited a total of 50 KC patients and 100 case-controls domiciles of Assam, based on preset inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the important and relevant signs and symptoms were recorded. Amsler-Krumeich's (AK) classification was followed to grade KC corneas. We screened for the novel as well as reported sequence variations in five candidate genes namely Lysyl oxidase (LOX), Visual system homeobox 1 (VSX1), MicroRNA 184 (MIR184), Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), and exons 4 and 12 of Transforming growth factor beta-induced (TGFβ-I). RESULTS We report a novel double variant p.(Pro32Arg) and p.(Gln67Glu) in the LOX gene in a sporadic male patient with Grade I (OD) and Grade II (OS) of KC. A recurrent variant p.(His244Arg) in the VSX1 gene was also observed in a sporadic female patient with Grade I of KC in both eyes. These variants were absent in 100 unrelated ethnically matched case controls. DISCUSSION Ours is the first study on molecular genetic analysis of Keratoconus patients from Assam. The novel variants p.(Pro32Arg) and p.(Gln67Glu) observed further expand the mutational spectrum of the LOX gene associated with KC. We are also the first group to report the recurrent p.(His244Arg) variant in the VSX1 gene from India. The observed variant p.(His244Arg) in the VSX1 gene could be the result of a founder effect and may be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrigyanka Chakravarty
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, 28688Tezpur University, Napaam, Sonitpur, Assam, India
| | - Surya Prakash Goud Ponnam
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, 28688Tezpur University, Napaam, Sonitpur, Assam, India
| | - Narayan Bardoloi
- Department of Cornea and Anterior Segment Services, Chandraprabha Eye Hospital, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Subhash Kumar
- Department of Cornea and Anterior Segment Services, Chandraprabha Eye Hospital, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Prasanta Saikia
- Department of Vitreo-Retinal services, Chandraprabha Eye Hospital (CPEH), Jorhat, Assam, India
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Wedel S, Osthues T, Zimmer B, Angioni C, Geisslinger G, Sisignano M. Oxidized linoleic acid metabolites maintain mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity during sub-chronic inflammatory pain. Biochem Pharmacol 2022;:114953. [PMID: 35149052 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.114953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory pain serves as a protective defense mechanism which becomes pathological when it turns into chronic inflammatory pain. This transition is mediated by a variety of peripheral mediators that sensitize nociceptors and increase pain perception in sensory neurons. Besides cytokines, chemokines and growth factors, accumulating evidence shows that oxidized lipids, such as eicosanoids and oxidized linoleic acid metabolites, contribute to this sensitization process. Most notably, the oxidized linoleic acid metabolite and partial TRPV1 agonist 9-HODE (hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid) was shown to be involved in this sensitization process. However, it is still unknown how some of the oxidized linoleic acid metabolites are synthesized in the inflammatory environment and in which phase of inflammation they become relevant. Here we show that the concentrations of oxidized linoleic acid metabolites, especially 9-HODE and 13-HODE, are significantly increased in inflamed paw tissue and the corresponding dorsal root ganglia in the sub-chronic phase of inflammation. Surprisingly, classical inflammatory lipid markers, such as prostaglandins were at basal levels in this phase of inflammation. Moreover, we revealed the cell type specific synthesis pathways of oxidized linoleic acid metabolites in primary macrophages, primary neutrophils and dorsal root ganglia. Finally, we show that blocking the most elevated metabolites 9-HODE and 13-HODE at the site of inflammation in the sub-chronic phase of inflammation, leads to a significant relief of mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity in vivo. In summary, these data offer an approach to specifically target oxidized linoleic acid metabolites in the transition of acute inflammatory pain to chronic inflammatory pain.
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Wan LY, Peng H, Ni YR, Jiang XP, Wang JJ, Zhang YQ, Ma L, Li R, Han L, Tan Y, Li JM, Cai WL, Yuan WF, Liang JJ, Huang L, Wu X, Zhou Q, Cheng QN, Yang X, Liu MY, Ai WB, Liu CB, Zhang H, Wu JF. The miR-23b/27b/24-1 Cluster Inhibits Hepatic Fibrosis by Inactivating Hepatic Stellate Cells. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 13:1393-412. [PMID: 35093591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatic fibrosis is characterized by hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and transdifferentiation-mediated extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, which both contribute to cirrhosis. However, no antifibrotic regimen is available in the clinic. microRNA-23b/27b/24-1 cluster inhibition of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling during hepatic development prompted us to explore whether this cluster inhibits HSC activation and hepatic fibrosis. METHODS Experimental fibrosis was studied in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-treated C57BL/6 mice. After administration of miR-23b/27b/24-1 lentivirus or vehicle, animals were euthanized for liver histology. In primary rat HSC and HSC-T6, the anti-fibrotic effect of miR-23b/27b/24-1 cluster was furtherly investigated by RNA-sequencing, luciferase reporter assay, western blotting and bioinformatic means. RESULTS In this study, we showed that increasing the miR-23b/27b/24-1 level through intravenous delivery of miR-23b/27b/24-1 lentivirus ameliorated mouse hepatic fibrosis. Mechanistically, the miR-23b/27b/24-1 cluster directly targeted messenger RNAs, which reduced the protein expression of 5 secretory profibrotic genes (TGF-β2, Gremlin1, LOX, Itgα2, and Itgα5) in HSCs. Suppression of the TGF-β signaling pathway by down-regulation of TGF-β2, Itgα2, and Itgα5, and activation of the bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway by inhibition of Gremlin1, decreased extracellular matrix secretion of HSCs. Furthermore, down-regulation of LOX expression softened the ECM. Moreover, a reduction in tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 expression owing to weakened TGF-β signaling increased ECM degradation. CONCLUSIONS Hepatic overexpression of the miR-23b/27b/24-1 cluster blocked hepatic fibrosis and may be a novel therapeutic regimen for patients with hepatic fibrosis.
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Tong X, Zhang S, Wang D, Zhang L, Huang J, Zhang T, Fan H. Azithromycin Attenuates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis Partly by Inhibiting the Expression of LOX and LOXL-2. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:709819. [PMID: 34803671 PMCID: PMC8602210 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.709819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic and progressive process of tissue repair. Azithromycin (AZM) may be beneficial for the treatment of PF because AZM has anti-inflammatory and immune regulatory roles and inhibits remodeling, but the mechanism is not entirely clear. In this study, we established a mouse PF model induced by bleomycin (BLM) and primary mouse lung fibroblasts stimulated by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 to explore the possible mechanisms of AZM in PF. Results showed that AZM reduces mortality and lung inflammation and attenuates BLM-induced PF in mice. AZM effectively reduced the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) and type I collagen. Meanwhile, expression of lysyl oxidase (LOX) and lysyl oxidase-like protein (LOXL)-2 in the lung tissue of mice after AZM treatment was significantly lower than in the BLM group. In addition, this study found that AZM significantly inhibits the TGF-β1/Smad and JNK/c-Jun signaling pathways in vivo, and expression of a-SMA, type I collagen, LOX and LOXL-2 in the lung tissue of mice treated with AZM was significantly lower than that in the BLM group. In vitro, AZM also effectively inhibited type I collagen, LOX, LOXL-2 and JNK-c-Jun signaling pathways in TGF-β1-stimulated primary mouse fibroblasts, and this effect was similar to that of a JNK-specific inhibitor (SP600125). In conclusion, AZM effectively attenuated BLM-induced PF in mice, which may play a role by partially inhibiting the JNK/c-Jun and TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathways and reducing production of LOX and LOXL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Tong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongguang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jizheng Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianli Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Fan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Liu S, Medina-Perez P, Ha-Thi MC, Wieland A, Stecklum M, Hoffmann J, Tchernitsa O, Sers C, Schäfer R. Rapid testing of candidate oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes in signal transduction and neoplastic transformation. Adv Biol Regul 2021; 83:100841. [PMID: 34866037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2021.100841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The COSMIC database (version 94) lists 576 genes in the Cancer Gene Census which have a defined function as drivers of malignancy (oncogenes) or as tumour suppressors (Tier 1). In addition, there are 147 genes with similar functions, but which are less well characterised (Tier 2). Furthermore, next-generation sequencing projects in the context of precision oncology activities are constantly discovering new ones. Since cancer genes differ from their wild-type precursors in numerous molecular and biochemical properties and exert significant differential effects on downstream processes, simple assays that can uncover oncogenic or anti-oncogenic functionality are desirable and may precede more sophisticated analyses. We describe simple functional assays for PTPN11 (protein-tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor-type 11)/SHP2 mutants, which are typically found in RASopathies and exhibit potential oncogenic activity. We have also designed a functional test for lysyl oxidase (LOX), a prototypical class II tumour suppressor gene whose loss of function may contribute to neoplastic transformation by RAS oncogenes. Moreover, we applied this test to analyse three co-regulated, RAS-responsive genes for transformation-suppressive activity. The integration of these tests into systems biology studies will contribute to a better understanding of cellular networks in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paula Medina-Perez
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Minh-Cam Ha-Thi
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Wieland
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Stecklum
- Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology GmbH, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, D-13125, Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Jens Hoffmann
- Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology GmbH, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, D-13125, Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Oleg Tchernitsa
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Sers
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Reinhold Schäfer
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumour Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany; Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center Berlin, Germany.
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Stachon T, Latta L, Seitz B, Szentmáry N. Different mRNA expression patterns in keratoglobus and pellucid marginal degeneration keratocytes. Exp Eye Res 2021; 213:108804. [PMID: 34756941 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Alike keratoconus (KC), keratoglobus (KG) and pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD) belong to ectatic corneal diseases. While there are numerous studies on keratoconus pathophysiology, there is no exact knowledge on genetic and pathophysiological background of KG and PMD, so far. It is not yet clarified, whether KG and PMD are independent clinical entities or represent different stages of the same disease. Our purpose was to investigate key parameters concerning collagen synthesis, intracellular LOX expression and inflammation in corneal stromal cells of KG and PMD subjects, in vitro. METHODS Normal human keratocytes of corneas from the LIONS Cornea Bank Saar-Lor-Lux, Trier/Westpfalz and human keratocytes of KG and PMD patients were isolated and cultured as keratocytes. To examine Collagen I and V (Col I, Col V), heat shock protein 47 (Hsp47), Lysyl Oxidase (LOX), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) mRNA and protein expression in all cell types, quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis has been performed. RESULTS Col5A1 mRNA expression was significantly lower in KG and PMD keratocytes and LOX mRNA expression was significantly higher in KG-keratocytes, compared to controls. Col1A1, Hsp47 and NF-κB mRNA expression and the analyzed protein expressions did not differ from controls, in KG or PMD. CONCLUSIONS Col5A1 mRNA expression is decreased in KG and PMD and LOX mRNA expression is increased in KG. Therefore, the pathophysiology of KG and PMD differs from KC and these seem to be from KC independent entities. The explanation of the peripheral corneal thinning in KG and PMD must be investigated in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Stachon
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
| | - Lorenz Latta
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Berthold Seitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Nóra Szentmáry
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, Homburg/Saar, Germany; Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Tzara A, Lambrinidis G, Kourounakis A. Design of Multifaceted Antioxidants: Shifting towards Anti-Inflammatory and Antihyperlipidemic Activity. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164928. [PMID: 34443516 PMCID: PMC8399014 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are two conditions that coexist in many multifactorial diseases such as atherosclerosis and neurodegeneration. Thus, the design of multifunctional compounds that can concurrently tackle two or more therapeutic targets is an appealing approach. In this study, the basic NSAID structure was fused with the antioxidant moieties 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (BHB), its reduced alcohol 3,5-di-tert-butyl- 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (BHBA), or 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), a hydrophilic analogue of α-tocopherol. Machine learning algorithms were utilized to validate the potential dual effect (anti-inflammatory and antioxidant) of the designed analogues. Derivatives 1–17 were synthesized by known esterification methods, with good to excellent yields, and were pharmacologically evaluated both in vitro and in vivo for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, whereas selected compounds were also tested in an in vivo hyperlipidemia protocol. Furthermore, the activity/binding affinity of the new compounds for lipoxygenase-3 (LOX-3) was studied not only in vitro but also via molecular docking simulations. Experimental results demonstrated that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the new fused molecules were increased compared to the parent molecules, while molecular docking simulations validated the improved activity and revealed the binding mode of the most potent inhibitors. The purpose of their design was justified by providing a potentially safer and more efficient therapeutic approach for multifactorial diseases.
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Seese SE, Deml B, Muheisen S, Sorokina E, Semina EV. Genetic disruption of zebrafish mab21l1 reveals a conserved role in eye development and affected pathways. Dev Dyn 2021; 250:1056-1073. [PMID: 33570754 PMCID: PMC8349561 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The male-abnormal 21 like (MAB21L) genes are important in human ocular development. Homozygous loss of MAB21L1 leads to corneal dystrophy in all affected individuals along with cataracts and buphthalmos in some. The molecular function and downstream pathways of MAB21L factors are largely undefined. RESULTS We generated the first mab21l1 zebrafish mutant carrying a putative loss-of-function allele, c.107delA p.(Lys36Argfs*7). At the final stages of embryonic development, homozygous mab21l1c.107delA fish displayed enlarged anterior chambers and corneal thinning which progressed with age. Additional studies revealed increased cell death in the mutant corneas, transformation of the cornea into a skin-like epithelium, and progressive lens degeneration with development of fibrous masses in the anterior chamber. RNA-seq of wild-type and mutant ocular transcriptomes revealed significant changes in expression of several genes, including irf1a and b, stat1, elf3, krt17, tlr9, and loxa associated with immunity and/or corneal function. Abnormal expression of lysyl oxidases have been previously linked with corneal thinning, fibrosis, and lens defects in mammals, suggesting a role for loxa misexpression in the progressive mab21l1c.107delA eye phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Zebrafish mab21l1 is essential for normal corneal development, similar to human MAB21L1. The identified molecular changes in mab21l1c.107delA mutants provide the first clues about possible affected pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Seese
- Department of Pediatrics, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Brett Deml
- Department of Pediatrics, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- PreventionGenetics, Marshfield, Wisconsin
| | - Sanaa Muheisen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Elena Sorokina
- Department of Pediatrics, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Elena V. Semina
- Department of Pediatrics, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children's of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Children's Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children's of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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El-Miligy MMM, Al-Kubeisi AK, El-Zemity SR, Nassra RA, Abu-Serie MM, Hazzaa AA. Discovery of small molecule acting as multitarget inhibitor of colorectal cancer by simultaneous blocking of the key COX-2, 5- LOX and PIM-1 kinase enzymes. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105171. [PMID: 34303896 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second cause of cancer death worldwide. Inhibitors of COX-2, 5-LOX and PIM-1 kinase were very effective in the treatment and prevention of CRC in mouse models in vivo. Furthermore, thymol was confirmed to inhibit CRC cell proliferation in cancer cell lines and inhibitory activity against COX-2 and 5-LOX. On the other hand, 4-thiazolidinone pharmacophore was incorporated in the structures of various reported COX-2, 5-LOX and PIM kinase inhibitors. Consequently, the aim of the present investigation was to combat CRC by synthesis and biological evaluation of new thymol - 4-thiazolidinone hybrids as multitarget anticancer agents that could inhibit the key COX-2, 5-LOX and PIM-1 kinase enzymes simultaneously. Compounds 5a-d and 5g displayed inhibitory activity against COX-2 nearly equal to Celecoxib with high selectivity index (SI). Moreover, compounds 5b-e showed 5-LOX inhibitory activity nearly equal to the reference Quercetin while compounds 5a, 5f and 5g elicited inhibitory activity slightly lower than Quercetin. Furthermore, in vivo formalin-induced paw edema test revealed that, compounds 5a, 5c, 5f and 5g showed higher % inhibition than Celecoxib and compounds 5a, 5f and 5g showed higher % inhibition than Diclofenac sodium. In addition, compounds 5a-c, 5e-g showed in vivo superior gastrointestinal safety profile as Celecoxib in fasted rats. Besides, compounds 5d, 5e and 5g exhibited the highest activity against human CRC cell lines (Caco-2 and HCT-116) at doses less than their EC100 on normal human cells. Furthermore, compounds 5e and 5g induced apoptosis-dependent death by above 50% in the treated CRC cell lines. Moreover, compounds 5e and 5g induced caspase activation by >50% in human CRC. Also, compounds 5d, 5e and 5g showed in vitro inhibitory activity against both PIM-1\2 kinases comparable to the reference Staurosporine. In silico docking studies were concordant with the biological results. In conclusion, compound 5g, of simple chemical structure, achieved the target goal of inhibiting three targets leading to inhibition of human CRC cell proliferation. It inhibited the target key enzymes COX-2, 5-LOX and PIM-1\2 kinase in vitro. Besides, it revealed in vitro inhibition of cell proliferation in cancer cell lines via activation of caspase 3\7 dependent-apoptosis in human CRC cell lines. In addition, it elicited in vivo anti-inflammatory activity in formalin-induced paw edema test and in vivo oral safety in gastric ulcerogenic activity test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa M M El-Miligy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt.
| | | | - Saad R El-Zemity
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Rasha A Nassra
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21131, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria 21934, Egypt
| | - Aly A Hazzaa
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
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Tratrat C, Haroun M, Tsolaki E, Petrou A, Gavalas A, Geronikaki A. Thiazole-based Chalcone Derivatives as Potential Anti-inflammatory Agents: Biological Evaluation and Molecular Modelling. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:257-268. [PMID: 33319674 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621999201214232458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is a multifactorial process reflecting the response of the organism to various stimuli and is associated with a number of disorders such as arthritis, asthma and psoriasis, which require long-lasting or repeated treatment. OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of previous synthesized thiazole-based chalcone derivatives. METHODS Chalcones were synthesized via Cliazen-Schmidt condensation1-(4-methyl-2- alkylamino)thiazol-5-yl) ethanone with a corresponding aromatic aldehyde. For the evaluation of possible anti-inflammatory activity, carrageenan mouse paw edema was used. RESULTS Eight out of thirteen tested chalcones showed anti-inflammatory activity in a range of 51- 55%. Prediction of toxicity revealed that these compounds are not toxic. CONCLUSION In general, it can be concluded that these compounds can be used for further modifications in order to develop more active and safe agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Tratrat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michelyne Haroun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Evangelia Tsolaki
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anthi Petrou
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Pharmacy, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Antonis Gavalas
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Pharmacy, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Athina Geronikaki
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Pharmacy, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
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Hartling I, Cremonesi A, Osuna E, Lou PH, Lucchinetti E, Zaugg M, Hersberger M. Quantitative profiling of inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators in human adolescents and mouse plasma using UHPLC-MS/MS. Clin Chem Lab Med 2021; 59:1811-1823. [PMID: 34243224 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2021-0644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lipid mediators are bioactive lipids which help regulate inflammation. We aimed to develop an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method to quantify 58 pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators in plasma, determine preliminary reference ranges for adolescents, and investigate how total parenteral nutrition (TPN) containing omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) or n-6 PUFA based lipid emulsions influence lipid mediator concentrations in plasma. METHODS Lipid mediators were extracted from plasma using SPE and measured using UHPLC-MS/MS. EDTA plasma was collected from healthy adolescents between 13 and 17 years of age to determine preliminary reference ranges and from mice given intravenous TPN for seven days containing either an n-3 PUFA or n-6 PUFA based lipid emulsion. RESULTS We successfully quantified 43 lipid mediators in human plasma with good precision and recovery including several leukotrienes, prostaglandins, resolvins, protectins, maresins, and lipoxins. We found that the addition of methanol to human plasma after blood separation reduces post blood draw increases in 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE), 12-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (12-HEPE), 12S-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (12S-HETrE), 14-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (14-HDHA) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2). Compared to the n-6 PUFA based TPN, the n-3 PUFA based TPN increased specialized pro-resolving mediators such as maresin 1 (MaR1), MaR2, protectin D1 (PD1), PDX, and resolvin D5 (RvD5), and decreased inflammatory lipid mediators such as leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and prostaglandin D2 (PGD2). CONCLUSIONS Our method provides an accurate and sensitive quantification of 58 lipid mediators from plasma samples, which we used to establish a preliminary reference range for lipid mediators in plasma samples of adolescents; and to show that n-3 PUFA, compared to n-6 PUFA rich TPN, leads to a less inflammatory lipid mediator profile in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Hartling
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Centre for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alessio Cremonesi
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ester Osuna
- Human Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Phing-How Lou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - Michael Zaugg
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Martin Hersberger
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Centre for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Yi X, Zhou Y, Chen Y, Feng X, Liu C, Jiang DS, Geng J, Li X, Jiang X, Fang ZM. The Expression Patterns and Roles of Lysyl Oxidases in Aortic Dissection. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:692856. [PMID: 34307505 PMCID: PMC8292648 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.692856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lysyl oxidases (LOXs), including LOX, LOXL1, LOXL2, LOXL3, and LOXL4, catalyze the formation of a cross-link between elastin (ELN) and collagen. Multiple LOX mutations have been shown to be associated with the occurrence of aortic dissection (AD) in humans, and LOX-knockout mice died during the perinatal period due to aortic aneurysm and rupture. However, the expression levels and roles of other LOX members in AD remain unknown. Methods: A total of 33 aorta samples of AD and 15 normal aorta were collected for LOXs mRNA and protein levels detection. We also analyzed the datasets of AD in GEO database through bioinformatics methods. LOXL2 and LOXL3 were knocked down in primary cultured human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) via lentivirus. Results: Here, we show that the protein levels of LOXL2 and LOXL3 are upregulated, while LOXL4 is downregulated in AD subjects compared with non-AD subjects, but comparable protein levels of LOX and LOXL1 are detected. Knockdown of LOXL2 suppressed MMP2 expression, the phosphorylation of AKT (p-AKT) and S6 (p-S6), but increased the mono-, di-, tri-methylation of H3K4 (H3K4me1/2/3), H3K9me3, and p-P38 levels in HASMCs. These results indicate that LOXL2 is involved in regulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in HASMCs. In contrast, LOXL3 knockdown inhibited PCNA and cyclin D1, suppressing HASMC proliferation. Our results suggest that in addition to LOX, LOXL2 and LOXL3 are involved in the pathological process of AD by regulating ECM and the proliferation of HASMCs, respectively. Furthermore, we found that LOXL2 and LOXL4 was inhibited by metformin and losartan in HASMCs, which indicated that LOXL2 and LOXL4 are the potential targets that involved in the therapeutic effects of metformin and losartan on aortic or aneurysm expansion. Conclusions: Thus, differential regulation of LOXs might be a novel strategy to prevent or treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yi
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Geng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze-Min Fang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Van Gucht I, Krebsova A, Diness BR, Laga S, Adlam D, Kempers M, Samani NJ, Webb TR, Baranowska AA, Van Den Heuvel L, Perik M, Luyckx I, Peeters N, Votypka P, Macek M, Meester J, Van Laer L, Verstraeten A, Loeys BL. Novel LOX Variants in Five Families with Aortic/Arterial Aneurysm and Dissection with Variable Connective Tissue Findings. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7111. [PMID: 34281165 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Loss-of-function variants in LOX, encoding the extracellular matrix crosslinking enzyme lysyl oxidase, have been reported to cause familial TAAD. Using a next-generation TAAD gene panel, we identified five additional probands carrying LOX variants, including two missense variants affecting highly conserved amino acids in the LOX catalytic domain and three truncating variants. Connective tissue manifestations are apparent in a substantial fraction of the variant carriers. Some LOX variant carriers presented with TAAD early in life, while others had normal aortic diameters at an advanced age. Finally, we identified the first patient with spontaneous coronary artery dissection carrying a LOX variant. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that loss-of-function LOX variants cause a spectrum of aortic and arterial aneurysmal disease, often combined with connective tissue findings.
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Hossain MM, Nakayama K, Shanta K, Razia S, Ishikawa M, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Sato S, Iida K, Kanno K, Ishikawa N, Kiyono T, Kyo S. Establishment of a Novel In Vitro Model of Endometriosis with Oncogenic KRAS and PIK3CA Mutations for Understanding the Underlying Biology and Molecular Pathogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133174. [PMID: 34202354 PMCID: PMC8269352 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Endometriosis is a common gynecological condition that causes pelvic pain and infertility. Despite having normal histological features, several cells bear cancer-associated somatic mutations that result in local tissue invasion but rarely metastasize. Several cancer-associated genes, such as KRAS and PIK3CA, are frequently mutated in the endometriotic epithelium. However, the functional behavior and molecular pathogenesis of this disorder remain unclear. In this study, we developed an immortalized endometriotic epithelial cell line with mutations in KRAS and PIK3CA, which are genes associated with aggressive behaviors, such as increased cell migration, invasion, and proliferation. Through microarray analysis, the KRAS- and PIK3CA-specific gene signatures were identified; LOX and PTX3 were found to be responsible for this metastatic behavior. Knockdown of these two genes by siRNA markedly reduced the metastatic ability of the cells. Our findings suggest that inhibition of LOX and PTX3 may be an alternative therapeutic strategy to reduce the incidence of endometriosis. Abstract Endometriosis-harboring cancer-associated somatic mutations of PIK3CA and KRAS provides new opportunities for studying the multistep processes responsible for the functional and molecular changes in this disease. We aimed to establish a novel in vitro endometriosis model to clarify the functional behavior and molecular pathogenesis of this disorder. Immortalized HMOsisEC10 human ovarian endometriotic epithelial cell line was used in which KRAS and PIK3CA mutations were introduced. Migration, invasion, proliferation, and microarray analyses were performed using KRAS and PIK3CA mutant cell lines. In vitro assays showed that migration, invasion, and proliferation were significantly increased in KRAS and PIK3CA mutant cell lines, indicating that these mutations played causative roles in the aggressive behavior of endometriosis. Microarray analysis identified a cluster of gene signatures; among them, two significantly upregulated cancer-related genes, lysyl oxidase (LOX) and pentraxin3 (PTX3), were associated with cell proliferation, invasion, and migration capabilities. Furthermore, siRNA knockdown of the two genes markedly reduced the metastatic ability of the cells. These results suggest that endometriosis with KRAS or PIK3CA mutations can significantly enhance cell migration, invasion, and proliferation by upregulating LOX and PTX3. We propose that LOX and PTX3 silencing using small molecules could be an alternative therapeutic regimen for severe endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahmud Hossain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (M.M.H.); (K.S.); (S.R.); (M.I.); (T.I.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (K.I.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Kentaro Nakayama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (M.M.H.); (K.S.); (S.R.); (M.I.); (T.I.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (K.I.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence: (K.N.); (T.K.)
| | - Kamrunnahar Shanta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (M.M.H.); (K.S.); (S.R.); (M.I.); (T.I.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (K.I.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Sultana Razia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (M.M.H.); (K.S.); (S.R.); (M.I.); (T.I.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (K.I.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Masako Ishikawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (M.M.H.); (K.S.); (S.R.); (M.I.); (T.I.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (K.I.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Tomoka Ishibashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (M.M.H.); (K.S.); (S.R.); (M.I.); (T.I.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (K.I.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Hitomi Yamashita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (M.M.H.); (K.S.); (S.R.); (M.I.); (T.I.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (K.I.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Seiya Sato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (M.M.H.); (K.S.); (S.R.); (M.I.); (T.I.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (K.I.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Kouji Iida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (M.M.H.); (K.S.); (S.R.); (M.I.); (T.I.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (K.I.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Kosuke Kanno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (M.M.H.); (K.S.); (S.R.); (M.I.); (T.I.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (K.I.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Noriyoshi Ishikawa
- Department of Organ Pathology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan;
| | - Tohru Kiyono
- Project for Prevention of HPV-Related Cancer, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center (EPOC), National Cancer Center, Kashiwa 277-8577, Japan
- Correspondence: (K.N.); (T.K.)
| | - Satoru Kyo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (M.M.H.); (K.S.); (S.R.); (M.I.); (T.I.); (H.Y.); (S.S.); (K.I.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
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Mongkolrob R, Tharabenjasin P, Bualuang A, Jarjanazi H, Pabalan N. Influence of Lysyl oxidase Polymorphisms in Cancer Risk: An Updated Meta-analysis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2021; 25:411-418. [PMID: 34042515 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2020.0342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate associations between polymorphisms in the Lysyl oxidase (LOX) gene with susceptibility to cancer. The role of LOX in carcinogenesis prompted several association studies in various cancer types; however the outcomes of these studies have inconsistent. Thus, we performed a meta-analysis to obtain more precise estimates. Materials and Methods: A literature search yielded 14 articles from which we examined five cancer groups: breast, bone, lung, gastrointestinal, and gynecological cancers. For each cancer group, pooled odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using standard genetic models. High significance (p-value for association [pa] < 0.00001), homogeneity (I2 = 0%), and high precision of effects (CI difference [CID] <1.0 [upper CI - lower CI]) comprised the three criteria for strength of evidence. We used sensitivity analysis to assess robustness of the outcomes. Results: We generated 28 comparisons from which 13 were significant (pa < 0.05), indicating increased risk, (OR >1.00) found in all cancer groups except breast (pa = 0.10-0.91). Of the 13, three met all criteria (core) for strength of evidence (pa < 0.00001, CIDs 0.49-0.56 and I2 = 0%), found in dominant/codominant models of gynecological cancers (ORs 1.52-1.62, 95% CIs 1.26-1.88) and codominant model of lung cancer (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.19-1.74). These three were deemed robust. Conclusion: Based on the three core outcomes, associations of LOX 473G/A with lung, ovarian, and cervical cancers indicate 1.4-1.6-fold increased risks, underpinned by robustness and high statistical power at the aggregate level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rungrawee Mongkolrob
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, PathumThani, Thailand
| | - Phuntila Tharabenjasin
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, PathumThani, Thailand
| | - Aporn Bualuang
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, PathumThani, Thailand
| | - Hamdi Jarjanazi
- Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, Toronto, Canada
| | - Noel Pabalan
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, PathumThani, Thailand
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McKenzie F, Mina K, Callewaert B, Beyens A, Dickinson JE, Jevon G, Papadimitriou J, Diness BR, Steensberg JN, Ek J, Baynam G. Severe congenital cutis laxa: Identification of novel homozygous LOX gene variants in two families. Clin Genet 2021; 100:168-175. [PMID: 33866545 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report three babies from two families with a severe lethal form of congenital cutis laxa. All three had redundant and doughy-textured skin and two siblings from one family had facial dysmorphism. Echocardiograms showed thickened and poorly contractile hearts, arterial dilatation and tortuosity. Post-mortem examination in two of the babies further revealed widespread ectasia and tortuosity of medium and large sized arteries, myocardial hypertrophy, rib and skull fractures. The presence of fractures initially suggested a diagnosis of osteogenesis imperfecta. Under light microscopy bony matrices were abnormal and arterial wall architecture was grossly abnormal showing fragmented elastic fibres. Molecular analysis of known cutis laxa genes did not yield any pathogenic defects. Whole exome sequencing of DNA following informed consent identified two separate homozygous variants in the LOX (Lysyl Oxidase) gene. LOX belongs to the 5-lysyl oxidase gene family involved in initiation of cross-linking of elastin and collagen. A mouse model of a different variant in this gene recapitulates the phenotype seen in the three babies. Our findings suggest that the LOX gene is a novel cause of severe congenital cutis laxa with arterial tortuosity, bone fragility and respiratory failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona McKenzie
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kym Mina
- Department of Diagnostic Genomics, PathWest, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Bert Callewaert
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Aude Beyens
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan E Dickinson
- Maternal Fetal Medicine Service, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gareth Jevon
- Department of Paediatric Pathology, PathWest, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John Papadimitriou
- Centre for Orthopaedic Translational Research, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Pathwest Laboratories, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Birgitte Rode Diness
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Jakob Ek
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gareth Baynam
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,The Western Australia Register of Developmental Anomalies, Department of Health, Government of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, Division of Paediatrics and Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Abdel-Aziz SA, Taher ES, Lan P, Asaad GF, Gomaa HAM, El-Koussi NA, Youssif BGM. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives bearing 1,3-thiazole moiety as novel anti-inflammatory EGFR inhibitors with cardiac safety profile. Bioorg Chem 2021; 111:104890. [PMID: 33872924 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A new series of pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives 8a-p carrying the 1,3-thiazole moiety has been designed and synthesized as novel anti-inflammatory EGFR inhibitors with cardiac and gastric safety profiles. 8a-p have been assessed for their inhibitory activity against COX-1/COX-2 activity. Compounds 8h, 8n, and 8p were found to be potent and selective COX-2 inhibitors (IC50 = 1.03-1.71 μM) relative to celecoxib (IC50 = 0.88 μM). The most potent COX-2 inhibitors have been further investigated for their in-vivo anti-inflammatory effect. Compounds 8h, 8n, and 8p showed anti-inflammatory activity up to 90%, 94% and 86% of meloxicam after 4 h interval. 8h, 8n, and 8p showed higher gastric safety profiles than meloxicam. A substantial reduction in serum concentrations of PGE2, TNF-α, IL-6, iNO and MDA and a significant induction of TAC was also observed. In vivo experiments on heart rate and blood pressure established the cardiovascular safety profile of 8h, 8n, and 8p. Anti-proliferative and wild-type EGFR inhibitory assays displayed similar results to selective COX-2 inhibition where compounds 8h, 8n, and 8p had a superior inhibition than other tested ones. Molecular docking study demonstrated that these compounds revealed similar orientation and binding interactions as selective COX-2 inhibitors with a higher liability to enter the side pocket selectively. Also, they interacted with EGFR tyrosine kinase main amino acids similar to erlotinib with a strong binding energy score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
| | - Ehab S Taher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Ping Lan
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Gihan F Asaad
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Centre, Dokki-Giza, Egypt
| | - Hesham A M Gomaa
- Pharmacology Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal A El-Koussi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61519, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Bahaa G M Youssif
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
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50
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Zhang D, Gao JL, Zhao CY, Wang DN, Xing XS, Hou XY, Wang SS, Liu Q, Luo Y. Cyclin G2 promotes the formation of smooth muscle cells derived foam cells in atherosclerosis via PP2A/NF-κB/ LOX-1 pathway. Ann Transl Med 2021; 9:446. [PMID: 33850843 PMCID: PMC8039706 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-6207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background To investigate the role and underlying mechanism of cyclin G2 (G2-type cyclin) in the formation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) derived foam cells. Methods The levels of α-SMA (alpha-SM-actin), p-NF-κB (phosphorylation nuclear transcription factors kappa B), and LOX-1 (lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1) were measured by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. The mouse aortic root smooth muscle cell line MOVAS was transfected to over-express cyclin G2, which were then stimulated with 80 µg/mL ox-LDL (oxidized low-density lipoprotein) to induce foam cell formation. DT-061 an activator of PP2A (protein phosphatase 2A) agonist was used to verify the role of PP2A in the process. Results Knocking out the Ccng2 gene in Apoe-/- mice alleviated aortic lipid plaque, foam cell formulation, ameliorative body weight, and LDL-cholesterol. We observed that the number of α-SMA positive cells was significantly decreased in Apoe-/-Ccng2-/- mice compared to Apoe-/- mice. Also, the protein levels of p-NF-κB and LOX-1 were markedly reduced in the aortic root of Apoe-/-Ccng2-/- mice. Upon stimulation with ox-LDL, upregulated cyclin G2 increased the intracellular lipid accumulation in MOVAS cells. Also, it suppressed the activity of PP2A but up-regulated LOX-1. Additionally, the cell nuclear translocation of p-NF-κB was increased. Interestingly, DT-061 intervention, re-activating the activity of PP2A, reduced the levels of nuclear p-NF-κB and LOX-1. This led to decreased lipid endocytosis reducing the formation of VSMCs- derived foam cells. Conclusions Cyclin G2 increases the nuclear translocation of p-NF-κB by reducing the enzymatic activity of PP2A and upregulating LOX-1, thereby promotes the formation of VSMCs -derived foam cells in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jin-Lan Gao
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chen-Yang Zhao
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan-Ning Wang
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue-Sha Xing
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Hou
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shu-Sen Wang
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi Liu
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Luo
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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