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Wang Y, Hu B, Yang S. Association between serum Klotho levels and hypothyroidism in older adults: NHANES 2007-2012. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11477. [PMID: 38769411 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Whether Klotho plays any role in hypothyroidism is unknown. This study aimed to determine the relationship between serum Klotho levels and hypothyroidism in older adults. From the 2007 to 2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1444 older adults aged 65-79 were included in this cross-sectional study. Hypothyroidism was diagnosed using participants' reports of current medications and TSH tests. Klotho was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relationship between serum Klotho levels and hypothyroidism in older people was analyzed by one-way analysis of variance, multiple linear regression models, subgroup analyses, interaction tests, smoothed curve fitting, and threshold effects. A total of 209 (14.47%) participants were identified as having hypothyroidism. Serum Klotho (ln transformation) is independently and significantly negatively associated with the risk of hypothyroidism after complete adjustment for confounders (OR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.31-0.80; P = 0.0039). The results remained stable based on subgroup analyses and interaction tests. However, we observed an inverted U-shaped curve between the two using a smoothed curve fitting in the subgroups of 70 < age ≤ 75 years and females, with inflection points of 6.26 and 6.17, respectively. The results of our study indicate that serum Klotho levels negatively correlate with hypothyroidism among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi Province, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Ben Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230011, Anhui, China
| | - Suyun Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi Province, China.
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mRNA therapy is safe for treating the inherited metabolic condition propionic acidaemia. Nature 2024. [PMID: 38760494 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01364-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
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3
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Kozlov M. Pig-organ transplants: what three human recipients have taught scientists. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-01453-2. [PMID: 38760495 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01453-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
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4
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Dohrn G. Gut microbes linked to fatty diet drive tumour growth. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-01443-4. [PMID: 38755304 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01443-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
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5
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Naddaf M. Brain-reading device is best yet at decoding 'internal speech'. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-01424-7. [PMID: 38740914 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01424-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
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6
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Reardon S. Human embryos embrace asymmetry to form the body. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-01403-y. [PMID: 38740917 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01403-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
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7
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Villanueva MT. New route to target RAS. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2024:10.1038/d41573-024-00082-8. [PMID: 38730259 DOI: 10.1038/d41573-024-00082-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
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8
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Odling-Smee L, Ashley F, Ritz SA, McCarthy MM, Baker N. Sex and gender discussions don't need to be toxic. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-01311-1. [PMID: 38693237 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01311-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
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9
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Mallapaty S. First fetus-to-fetus transplant demonstrated in rats. Nature 2024; 629:267-268. [PMID: 38689127 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01152-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
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10
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Abbott A. Hacking the immune system could slow ageing - here's how. Nature 2024; 629:276-278. [PMID: 38714810 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01274-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2024]
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11
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Ewbank J. Trials that infected people with common colds can inform today's COVID-19 challenge trials. Nature 2024; 629:757. [PMID: 38773287 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01491-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
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12
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Haupt S, Carcel C, Norton R. Neglecting sex and gender in research is a public-health risk. Nature 2024; 629:527-530. [PMID: 38750229 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01372-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
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Vaidyanathan G. 'Orangutan, heal thyself': First wild animal seen using medicinal plant. Nature 2024; 629:737. [PMID: 38698232 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01289-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
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14
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Demailly Z, Brulard G, Tamion F, Veber B, Occhiali E, Clavier T. Gender differences in professional social networks use among critical care researchers. Aust Crit Care 2024; 37:483-489. [PMID: 37173167 DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies highlight that female anaesthesiology researchers have lower visibility on professional social networks (PSNs) than male researchers. OBJECTIVE The objective of this work was to compare the use of PSNs between women and men in critical care research. METHODS We included the first/last authors (FAs/LAs) among the most frequently cited articles in 2018 and 2019 in three critical care journals (Intensive Care Medicine, Critical Care Medicine, and Critical Care). We compared the use of three PSNs-Twitter, ResearchGate, and LinkedIn-between women and men in the FA/LA positions. RESULTS We analysed 494 articles, which allowed us to include 426 FAs and 383 LAs. The use of a PSN was similar between women and men (Twitter: 35 vs. 31% FA p = 0.76, 38 vs. 31% LA p = 0.24; ResearchGate: 60 vs. 70% FA p = 0.06, 67 vs. 66% LA p = 0.95; LinkedIn: 54 vs. 56% FA p = 0.25, 68 vs. 64% LA p = 0.58; respectively). On ResearchGate, women had a lower reputation score (FA group 26.4 [19.5-31.5] vs. 34.8 [27.4-41.6], p < 0.01; LA group 38.5 [30.9-43.7] vs. 42.3 [37.6-46.4], p < 0.01) and fewer followers (FA group 28.5 [19-45] vs. 68.5 [72,5-657] p < 0.01; LA group 96.5 [43,8-258] vs. 178 [76.3-313.5] p = 0.02). Female researchers were FAs in 30% of the articles and LAs in 16%. CONCLUSION In the field of critical care, the visibility of female researchers on the social networks dedicated to scientific research is lower than that of male researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoé Demailly
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Perioperative Medicine, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France; Medical ICU, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France; Normandy University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1096, Rouen, France.
| | - Geoffroy Brulard
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Perioperative Medicine, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Fabienne Tamion
- Medical ICU, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France; Normandy University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1096, Rouen, France
| | - Benoit Veber
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Perioperative Medicine, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Emilie Occhiali
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Perioperative Medicine, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Thomas Clavier
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Perioperative Medicine, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France; Normandy University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1096, Rouen, France
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Franco I, Supek F. Genomics reveal unknown mutation-promoting agents at global sites. Nature 2024; 629:767-768. [PMID: 38773293 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01190-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
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Riggi N, de Sousa E Melo F. Bioengineered 'mini-colons' shed light on cancer progression. Nature 2024; 629:292-293. [PMID: 38658717 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01018-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
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17
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Kozlov M. Monkeypox virus: dangerous strain gains ability to spread through sex, new data suggest. Nature 2024; 629:13-14. [PMID: 38653833 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01167-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
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Reardon S. Mini-colon and brain 'organoids' shed light on cancer and other diseases. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-01199-x. [PMID: 38658729 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01199-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
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Savage N. AI's keen diagnostic eye. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-01132-2. [PMID: 38637706 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01132-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
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20
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Ledford H, Thompson B. Audio long read: Why are so many young people getting cancer? What the data say. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-00884-1. [PMID: 38580825 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00884-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
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Adam D. Diabetes drug slows development of Parkinson's disease. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-00974-0. [PMID: 38570659 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00974-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
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Zhan C, Zhang Y. Perception, practice, and barriers toward research among pediatric undergraduates: a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey. BMC Med Educ 2024; 24:364. [PMID: 38570767 PMCID: PMC10988852 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05361-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scientific research activities are crucial for the development of clinician-scientists. However, few people pay attention to the current situation of medical research in pediatric medical students in China. This study aims to assess the perceptions, practices and barriers toward medical research of pediatric undergraduates. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among third-year, fourth-year and fifth-year pediatric students from Zhejiang University School of Medicine in China via an anonymous online questionnaire. The questionnaires were also received from fifth-year students majoring in other medicine programs [clinical medicine ("5 + 3") and clinical medicine (5-year)]. RESULTS The response rate of pediatric undergraduates was 88.3% (68/77). The total sample of students enrolled in the study was 124, including 36 students majoring in clinical medicine ("5 + 3") and 20 students majoring in clinical medicine (5-year). Most students from pediatrics ("5 + 3") recognized that research was important. Practices in scientific research activities are not satisfactory. A total of 51.5%, 35.3% and 36.8% of the pediatric students participated in research training, research projects and scientific article writing, respectively. Only 4.4% of the pediatric students contributed to publishing a scientific article, and 14.7% had attended medical congresses. None of them had given a presentation at a congress. When compared with fifth-year students in the other medicine program, the frequency of practices toward research projects and training was lower in the pediatric fifth-year students. Lack of time, lack of guidance and lack of training were perceived as the main barriers to scientific work. Limited English was another obvious barrier for pediatric undergraduates. Pediatric undergraduates preferred to participate in clinical research (80.9%) rather than basic research. CONCLUSIONS Although pediatric undergraduates recognized the importance of medical research, interest and practices in research still require improvement. Lack of time, lack of guidance, lack of training and limited English were the common barriers to scientific work. Therefore, research training and English improvement were recommended for pediatric undergraduates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canyang Zhan
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.
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Mallapaty S. AI traces mysterious metastatic cancers to their source. Nature 2024; 628:699-700. [PMID: 38627491 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01110-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
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Sidik S. Pregnancy advances your 'biological' age - but giving birth turns it back. Nature 2024; 628:18-19. [PMID: 38519543 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00843-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
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Gupta N, Silke J. Blocking cell death limits lung damage and inflammation from influenza. Nature 2024; 628:726-727. [PMID: 38600194 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00910-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
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Dolgin E. mRNA drug offers hope for treating a devastating childhood disease. Nature 2024; 628:248. [PMID: 38570656 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00954-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
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Sears CL, Queen J. Whittling down the bacterial subspecies that might drive colon cancer. Nature 2024; 628:275-276. [PMID: 38509290 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00662-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
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Reardon S. How to supercharge cancer-fighting cells: give them stem-cell skills. Nature 2024; 628:486. [PMID: 38600202 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01043-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
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Fairbank R. Long COVID still has no cure - so these patients are turning to research. Nature 2024; 628:26-28. [PMID: 38565658 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00901-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
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Mallapaty S, Kozlov M. First pig kidney transplant in a person: what it means for the future. Nature 2024; 628:13-14. [PMID: 38519547 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00879-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
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Bettega F, Mendelson M, Leyrat C, Bailly S. Use and reporting of inverse-probability-of-treatment weighting for multicategory treatments in medical research: a systematic review. J Clin Epidemiol 2024; 170:111338. [PMID: 38556101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2024.111338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Causal inference methods for observational data represent an alternative to randomised controlled trials when they are not feasible or when real-world evidence is sought. Inverse-probability-of-treatment weighting (IPTW) is one of the most popular approaches to account for confounding in observational studies. In medical research, IPTW is mainly applied to estimate the causal effect of a binary treatment, even when the treatment has in fact multiple categories, despite the availability of IPTW estimators for multiple treatment categories. This raises questions about the appropriateness of the use of IPTW in this context. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of medical publications reporting the use of IPTW in the presence of a multi-category treatment. Our objectives were to investigate the frequency of use and the implementation of these methods in practice, and to assess the quality of their reporting. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING Using Pubmed, Embase and Web of Science, we screened 5660 articles and retained 106 articles in the final analysis that were from 17 different medical areas. This systematic review is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022352669). RESULTS The number of treatment groups varied between 3 and 9, with a large majority of articles (90 [84.9%]) including 3 or 4 groups. The most commonly used method for estimating the weights was multinomial regression (51 [48.1%]) and generalized boosted models (48 [45.3%]). The covariates of the weight model were reported in 91 articles (85.9 %). Twenty-six articles (24.5 %) did not discuss the balance of covariates after weighting, and only 16 articles (15.1 %) referred to the assumptions needed to obtain correct inferences. CONCLUSION The results of this systematic review illustrate that medical publications scarcely use IPTW methods for more than two treatment categories. Among the publications that did, the quality of reporting was suboptimal, in particular in regard to the assumptions and model building. IPTW for multi-category treatments could be applied more broadly in medical research, and the application of the proposed guidelines in this context will help researchers to report their results and to ensure reproducibility of their research.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Bettega
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, HP2, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Monique Mendelson
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, HP2, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Clémence Leyrat
- Department of Medical Statistics, Inequalities in Cancer Outcomes Network, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Sébastien Bailly
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, HP2, 38000 Grenoble, France.
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Richter G, Trigui N, Caliebe A, Krawczak M. Attitude towards consent-free research use of personal medical data in the general German population. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27933. [PMID: 38509969 PMCID: PMC10951576 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The design of appropriate consent procedures for the secondary use of personal health data is a key concern of current medical research. In Germany, the concept of 'data donation' has recently come into focus, defined as a legal entitlement to the research use of personal medical data without prior consent, combined with an easy-to-exercise right of the data subjects to opt-out. Methods Standardized online interviews of 3,013 individuals, representative of the German online population, were conducted in August 2022 to determine their attitude towards data donation for medical research. Results A majority of participants supported a consent-free data donation regulation, both for publicly funded (85.1%) and for private medical research (66.4%). Major predictors of a positive attitude towards data donation included (i) sufficient appreciation of the respective kind of research (i.e. public or private), (ii) a reciprocity attitude that patients who benefit from research have a duty to support research, and (iii) sufficient trust in data protection and data control. Conclusion People's attitude towards data donation to medical research is generally positive in Germany and depends upon factors that can be curbed by legislation and internal rules of procedure. Worthy of note, designing data donation in the form of an opt-out regulation does not necessarily mean that the paradigm of informedness has to be abandoned. Rather the process of information provision must be shifted towards the creation of basic knowledge in the general population about the risks and benefits of data-intensive medical research ('health data literacy').
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesine Richter
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Division of Biomedical Ethics, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Borstel, Germany
| | - Nourane Trigui
- Institute of Medical Informatics und Statistics, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Amke Caliebe
- Institute of Medical Informatics und Statistics, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Krawczak
- Institute of Medical Informatics und Statistics, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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Wangler J, Jansky M. Primary care involvement in clinical research - prerequisites, motivators, and barriers: results from a study series. Arch Public Health 2024; 82:41. [PMID: 38504310 PMCID: PMC10953082 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-024-01272-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term reinforcement in the role of primary care and improvement the healthcare system as a whole requires the involvement of GPs in clinical research processes. However, many clinical studies fail due to failure to achieve sample population targets amongst GPs and their patients. This issue has been identified and discussed, but effective strategies to overcome it are still lacking. One of the reasons is that the positions, requirements, and experiences of GPs on participating in clinical research have hardly been examined up to now. METHODS The years 2021 and 2022 saw three quantitative and qualitative surveys amongst GPs in Germany with the aim of shedding light on the attitudes, experiences, and potential issues regarding the involvement of primary care in clinical research projects and participation in cluster-randomised controlled trials (cRCTs) in a general sense. This overview summarises and abstracts conclusions gained from the exploratory series of studies and compares the results with the current research situation. From here, this contribution will then develop an approach towards optimising the integration of GPs into clinical research. RESULTS Most of the GPs asked associated clinical research with opportunities and potential such as closing gaps in healthcare, using evidence-based instruments, optimising diagnostic and therapeutic management, and reinforcement of multiprofessional healthcare. Even so, many GPs unsure as to how far primary care in particular would stand to benefit from studies of this type in the long term. Respondents were also divided on willingness to participate in clinical research. GPs having already participated in Innovation Fund projects generally saw a benefit regarding intervention and cost-benefit relationship. However, some also reported major hurdles and stress factors such as excessive documentation and enrolment requirements, greater interference in practice routines, and sometimes poor integration into project processes such as in communication and opportunities to play an active role in the project. CONCLUSIONS Results from the studies presented provide indications as to how GPs perceive clinical research projects and cRCTs as a whole and from their existing project experience, and on the requirements that studies would have to meet for GPs to be willing to participate. In particular, making sure that clinical studies fully conform with GPs would play a major role; this especially applies to freedom to make medical decisions, limitation of documentation obligations, interference in regular practice routine, greater involvement in research planning, and long-term reinforcement in the role of primary care. Clinical research projects and cRCTs should be planned, designed, and communicated for clear and visible relevance to everyday primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Wangler
- Centre for General Medicine and Geriatrics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg, University Mainz, Am Pulverturm 13, Mainz, 55131, Germany.
| | - Michael Jansky
- Centre for General Medicine and Geriatrics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg, University Mainz, Am Pulverturm 13, Mainz, 55131, Germany
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Ledford H. First US drug approved for a liver disease surging around the world. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-00747-9. [PMID: 38499800 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00747-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
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Archer SN, Möller-Levet C, Bonmatí-Carrión MÁ, Laing EE, Dijk DJ. Extensive dynamic changes in the human transcriptome and its circadian organization during prolonged bed rest. iScience 2024; 27:109331. [PMID: 38487016 PMCID: PMC10937834 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Physiological and molecular processes including the transcriptome change across the 24-h day, driven by molecular circadian clocks and behavioral and systemic factors. It is not known how the temporal organization of the human transcriptome responds to a long-lasting challenge. This may, however, provide insights into adaptation, disease, and recovery. We investigated the human 24-h time series transcriptome in 20 individuals during a 90-day constant bed rest protocol. We show that the protocol affected 91% of the transcriptome with 76% of the transcriptome still affected after 10 days of recovery. Dimensionality-reduction approaches revealed that many affected transcripts were associated with mRNA translation and immune function. The number, amplitude, and phase of rhythmic transcripts, including clock genes, varied significantly across the challenge. These findings of long-lasting changes in the temporal organization of the transcriptome have implications for understanding the mechanisms underlying health consequences of conditions such as microgravity and bed rest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon N. Archer
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Carla Möller-Levet
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - María-Ángeles Bonmatí-Carrión
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emma E. Laing
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Derk-Jan Dijk
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute Care Research & Technology Centre, Imperial College London & University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
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Thompson B, Petrić Howe N. Killer whales have menopause. Now scientists think they know why. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-00794-2. [PMID: 38480951 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00794-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
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Reardon S. First cell therapy for solid tumours heads to the clinic: what it means for cancer treatment. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-00673-w. [PMID: 38467817 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00673-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
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Kozlov M. Landmark study links microplastics to serious health problems. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-00650-3. [PMID: 38448537 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00650-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
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Abstract
Advancements in AI have resulted in the development of sophisticated language models like ChatGPT, which can generate human-like text. While ChatGPT is useful for clarifying concepts and providing basic guidance, it has limitations. It lacks the ability to provide the latest scientific information and access original medical databases. Studies have shown that ChatGPT's text can be robotic, shallow, and lacking a human touch. It has also been found to provide misleading or inaccurate information. Researchers and medical professionals should be aware of these limitations and not solely rely on ChatGPT for complex tasks. The human element and real-world experiences are indispensable in science, and consulting experts is advisable for reliable insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Ashraf
- Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Haider Ashfaq
- Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
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Coombs A, Ong S. Four change-makers seek impact in medical research. Nature 2024; 627:S8-S10. [PMID: 38480969 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00754-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
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Lenharo M. Blockbuster obesity drug leads to better health in people with HIV. Nature 2024; 627:477-478. [PMID: 38467815 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00691-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
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Ong S. China's medical-device industry gets a makeover. Nature 2024; 627:S29-S31. [PMID: 38509275 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00823-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
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Reardon S. 'Breakthrough' allergy drug: injection protects against severe food reactions. Nature 2024; 627:13-14. [PMID: 38409406 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00586-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
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Mallapaty S. Cutting-edge CAR-T cancer therapy is now made in India - at one-tenth the cost. Nature 2024; 627:709-710. [PMID: 38514877 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00809-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
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Larkin J, Beland C, Ramalingam S, Lyon AR. Personalized cancer care can't rely on molecular testing alone. Nature 2024; 627:38. [PMID: 38443637 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00631-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
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Stenzinger A, Klauschen F. Forget lung, breast or prostate cancer? Why we shouldn't abandon tumour names yet. Nature 2024; 627:38. [PMID: 38443638 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00632-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
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Rickinson A. Anthony Epstein (1921-2024), discoverer of virus causing cancer in humans. Nature 2024; 627:729. [PMID: 38480949 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00763-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
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Lemke G. Roger Guillemin (1924-2024), neuroscientist who showed how the brain controls hormones. Nature 2024; 627:266. [PMID: 38459135 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00714-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
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Hutson M. How AI is being used to accelerate clinical trials. Nature 2024; 627:S2-S5. [PMID: 38480968 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00753-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
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Crew B. A spotlight on the stark imbalances of global health research. Nature 2024; 627:S1. [PMID: 38480967 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-00752-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
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