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Kodsangma A, Thajai N, Punyodom W, Worajittiphon P, Jantrawut P, Ruksiriwanich W, Sommano SR, Sringarm K, Thanakkasaranee S, Rachtanapun P, Jantanasakulwong K. Mechanical properties and water resistance improvement of thermoplastic modified starch, carboxymethyl cellulose, and zinc oxide nanometal particles by reactive blending. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126783. [PMID: 37699462 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Novel biodegradable thermoplastic starch (TPS) with high mechanical properties and water resistance was developed using reactive blending technique. Effect of zinc oxide (ZnO) addition to TPS properties and reaction was investigated. Thermoplastic modified starch (TPMS) was prepared by melt-mixing modified starch with glycerol 70/30%wt/wt. Carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) 5%wt was incorporated with modified starch, glycerol, and zinc oxide (ZnO) 0-5 %wt. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis confirmed the formation of the carboxyl anion (OZn) between the -COO- of CMC and the free Zn+ ion of ZnO. The tensile strength of the TPMS/CMC/ZnO blend increased 7 time with ZnO 5 % (14 MPa) addition compared to TPMS (2 MPa). The color (∆E) of TPMS/CMC/ZnO differed notably at high ZnO concentrations (1-5 %wt). The TPMS/CMC blend displayed a smooth fracture surface due to the miscibility of the materials. Small particles of ZnO dispersed finely in the TPMS matrix and increased the interfacial tension and water contact angle of the blends. The miscibility of TPS with CMC and the occurrence of ionic interactions of -COO- of CMC and -OH of starch with the Zn+ ion as physical crosslinking were indicated to improve the mechanical properties and water resistance of the blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araya Kodsangma
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (International Program/Interdisciplinary), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nanthicha Thajai
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (International Program/Interdisciplinary), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Winita Punyodom
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Suthep, Mueang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Patnarin Worajittiphon
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Suthep, Mueang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pensak Jantrawut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; The cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Warintorn Ruksiriwanich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; The cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Sarana Rose Sommano
- Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; The cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Korawan Sringarm
- Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; The cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Sarinthip Thanakkasaranee
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Mae-Hea, Mueang, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; The cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Pornchai Rachtanapun
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Mae-Hea, Mueang, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; The cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Kittisak Jantanasakulwong
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Mae-Hea, Mueang, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; The cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand.
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Garza-Alonso CA, Juárez-Maldonado A, González-Morales S, Cabrera-De la Fuente M, Cadenas-Pliego G, Morales-Díaz AB, Trejo-Téllez LI, Tortella G, Benavides-Mendoza A. ZnO nanoparticles as potential fertilizer and biostimulant for lettuce. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12787. [PMID: 36647345 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Zn is an indispensable nutrient for crops that usually presents low bioavailability. Different techniques have been proposed to improve the bioavailability of Zn, including the use of nanofertilizers. The objective of the study was to evaluate the applications of drench (D) and foliar (F) ZnO nanoparticles (NZnO) compared to those of ionic Zn2+ (ZnSO4) in lettuce. The plants cv. Great Lakes 407 was produced in pots of 4 L with perlite-peat moss (1:1) under greenhouse conditions. The treatments consisted of NZnO applications that replaced the total Zn provided with a Steiner solution, as follows: Zn2+ (100%D) (control); Zn2+ (50%D+50%F); NZnO (100%D); NZnO (50%D+50%F); NZnO (75%D); NZnO (50%D); NZnO (75%F) and NZnO (50%F). Four applications of Zn were made with a frequency of 15 days. 75 days after transplant (DAP), the fresh and dry biomass, chlorophyll a, b, and β-carotene, phenolics, flavonoids, antioxidant capacity, vitamin C, glutathione, H2O2, total protein, and enzymatic activity of PAL, CAT, APX, and GPX were evaluated. The mineral concentrations (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Zn, Ni, and Si) in the leaves and roots of plants were also determined. The results showed that, compared to Zn2+, NZnO promoted increases in biomass (14-52%), chlorophylls (32-69%), and antioxidant compounds such as phenolics, flavonoids, and vitamin C. The activity of enzymes like CAT and APX, as well as the foliar concentration of Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Si increased with NZnO. A better response was found in the plants for most variables with foliar applications of NZnO equivalent to 50-75% of the total Zn2+ applied conventionally. These results demonstrate that total replacement of Zn2+ with NZnO is possible, promoting fertilizer efficiency and the nutraceutical quality of lettuce.
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Yan K, Xu F, Yang C, Wei W, Chen Y, Li X, Lu Z, Wang D. Interpenetrating polysaccharide-based hydrogel: A dynamically responsive versatile medium for precisely controlled synthesis of nanometals. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2021; 127:112211. [PMID: 34225863 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we reported an interpenetrating polysaccharide-based hydrogel in which carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) chains were physically dispersed throughout the thermoplastic elastomer gel network has been developed as a versatile platform for precisely controlled synthesis of nanometals. Results indicated the interpenetrated CMC chains could serve as multifunctional fillers for metal ions adsorption and stabilization while the thermally reconfigurable agarose (Agar) gel medium provides three-dimensional semi-solid framework for entrapping and recollecting of the fabricated nanometals. Specifically, the CMC chains were found to strongly coordinate with silver ions as a dynamically responsive metal-biopolymer complex within the bulk gel network as confirmed by the enhanced mechanical properties and regulated shape memory performances. Moreover, by varying CMC concentrations and coupling with a layer-stacking approach, multiple biochemical gradients could be facilely generated for in-situ synthesis of silver nanoparticles, achieving a narrow size of ~7 nm, confined sphere-shape and high concentrations. The monodispersed nanometals are confirmed to be highly active (e.g., considerable catalytic performance), and which could be easily recycled from the bulk gel system via a heating treatment. Thus, this work would provide a generic methodology for the multifunctional metallogel assembly and great possibility for controllable and largescale synthesis of noble nanometals toward biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials &Application, Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber & Product, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Feiyang Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials &Application, Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber & Product, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Chenguang Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials &Application, Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber & Product, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials &Application, Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber & Product, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Yuanli Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials &Application, Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber & Product, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Xiufang Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials &Application, Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber & Product, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Zhentan Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials &Application, Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber & Product, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials &Application, Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber & Product, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
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