1
|
Sy O, Konaté L, Ndiaye A, Dia I, Diallo A, Taïrou F, Bâ EL, Gomis JF, Ndiaye JL, Cissé B, Gaye O, Faye O. [Identification of anopheles breeding sites in the residual foci of low malaria transmission «hotspots» in Central and Western Senegal]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 109:31-8. [PMID: 26830896 DOI: 10.1007/s13149-016-0469-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Malaria incidence has markedly declined in the Mbour, Fatick, Niakhar and Bambey districts (central and western Senegal) thanks to a scaling up of effective control measures namely LLINs (Long Lasting Insecticide Treated Net), ACTs (Artesunate Combination Therapy) and promoting care seeking. However malaria cases are now maintained by foci of transmission called hotspots. We evaluate the role of anopheles breeding sites in the identification of malaria hotspots in the health districts of Mbour, Fatick, Niakhar and Bambey. Surveys of breeding sites were made in 6 hotspot villages and 4 non-hotspot villages. A sample was taken in each water point with mosquito larvae by dipping method and the collected specimens were identified to the genus level. Additional parameters as name of the village and breeding sites, type of collection, original water turbidity, presence of vegetation, proximity to dwellings, geographic coordinates, sizes were also collected. Sixty-two water collections were surveyed and monitored between 2013 and 2014. Temporary natural breeding sites were predominant regardless of the epidemiological status of the village. Among the 31 breeding sites located within 500 meters of dwellings in hotspots villages, 70% carried Anopheles larvae during the rainy season while 43% of the 21 breeding sites located at similar distances in non-hotspot villages carried Anopheles larvae during the same period (P = 0.042). At the end of the rainy season, the trend is the same with 27% of positive breeding sites in hotspots and 14% in non-hotspots villages. The breeding sites encountered in hotspots villages are mostly small to medium size and are more productive by Anopheles larvae than those found in non-hotspot area. This study showed that the high frequency of smallest and productive breeding sites around and inside the villages can create conditions of residual transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Sy
- Laboratoire d'écologie vectorielle et parasitaire, Faculté des sciences et techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal.
| | - L Konaté
- Laboratoire d'écologie vectorielle et parasitaire, Faculté des sciences et techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - A Ndiaye
- Département de géographie, Faculté des lettres et sciences humaines, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - I Dia
- Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - A Diallo
- Laboratoire de parasitologie médicale, Faculté de médecine, pharmacie et d'odonto-stomatologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - F Taïrou
- Laboratoire de parasitologie médicale, Faculté de médecine, pharmacie et d'odonto-stomatologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - E L Bâ
- Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Dakar, Sénégal
| | - J F Gomis
- Laboratoire de parasitologie médicale, Faculté de médecine, pharmacie et d'odonto-stomatologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - J L Ndiaye
- Laboratoire de parasitologie médicale, Faculté de médecine, pharmacie et d'odonto-stomatologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - B Cissé
- Laboratoire de parasitologie médicale, Faculté de médecine, pharmacie et d'odonto-stomatologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - O Gaye
- Laboratoire de parasitologie médicale, Faculté de médecine, pharmacie et d'odonto-stomatologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - O Faye
- Laboratoire d'écologie vectorielle et parasitaire, Faculté des sciences et techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| |
Collapse
|