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Horslen BC, Milburn GN, Blum KP, Simha SN, Campbell KS, Ting LH. History-dependent muscle resistance to stretch remains high after small, posturally relevant pre-movements. J Exp Biol 2023; 226:jeb245456. [PMID: 37661732 PMCID: PMC10560558 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.245456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The contributions of intrinsic muscle fiber resistance during mechanical perturbations to standing and other postural behaviors are unclear. Muscle short-range stiffness is known to vary depending on the current level and history of the muscle's activation, as well as the muscle's recent movement history; this property has been referred to as history dependence or muscle thixotropy. However, we currently lack sufficient data about the degree to which muscle stiffness is modulated across posturally relevant characteristics of muscle stretch and activation. We characterized the history dependence of muscle's resistance to stretch in single, permeabilized, activated, muscle fibers in posturally relevant stretch conditions and activation levels. We used a classic paired muscle stretch paradigm, varying the amplitude of a 'conditioning' triangular stretch-shorten cycle followed by a 'test' ramp-and-hold imposed after a variable inter-stretch interval. We tested low (<15%), intermediate (15-50%) and high (>50%) muscle fiber activation levels, evaluating short-range stiffness and total impulse in the test stretch. Muscle fiber resistance to stretch remained high at conditioning amplitudes of <1% optimal fiber length, L0, and inter-stretch intervals of >1 s, characteristic of healthy standing postural sway. An ∼70% attenuation of muscle resistance to stretch was reached at conditioning amplitudes of >3% L0 and inter-stretch intervals of <0.1 s, characteristic of larger, faster postural sway in balance-impaired individuals. The thixotropic changes cannot be predicted solely on muscle force at the time of stretch. Consistent with the disruption of muscle cross-bridges, muscle resistance to stretch during behavior can be substantially attenuated if the prior motion is large enough and/or frequent enough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C. Horslen
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada, N2L 3G1
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and The Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Gregory N. Milburn
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Kyle P. Blum
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and The Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Surabhi N. Simha
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and The Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | | | - Lena H. Ting
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and The Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Division of Physical Therapy, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Jeon Y, Choi J, Kim HJ, Lee H, Lim JY, Choi SJ. Sex- and fiber-type-related contractile properties in human single muscle fiber. J Exerc Rehabil 2019; 15:537-545. [PMID: 31523674 PMCID: PMC6732543 DOI: 10.12965/jer.1938336.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the distribution and contractile properties of single muscle fiber sex/myosin heavy chain (MHC) type-related differences and to evaluate the correlation of cross-sectional area (CSA) and specific force (SF) in a single muscle fiber. Six young men and six young women were participated in this study. Muscle sample was obtained from vastus lateralis muscle. To examine potential gender differences within each fiber contractile properties (CSA, maximal isometric force, SF, maximal shortening velocity) and relationship between CSA and SF of single fiber using Pearson correlation. After mechanical measurements, single muscle fiber determined MHC isoforms using silver stain. MHC isoform composition did not differ by sex (chi-square=6.978, P=0.073). There were sex-related differences in CSA and maximal isometric force (P<0.05), but no fiber type-related differences (P>0.05). Related to SF and maximal shortening velocity, there were no sex-related differences only fiber type-related differences (P<0.05). However, there were differences in SF between single fiber types in men but not in women. A negative correlation was found between CSA and SF in both men and women (P<0.05). It is suggested that there might be different mechanical properties of cross-bridges according to sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunah Jeon
- Division of Sports and Health Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea.,Mechanical & Molecular Myology Lab, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Junghwa Choi
- Division of Sports and Health Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea
| | - Hee Jaeng Kim
- Division of Sports and Health Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea
| | - Hojun Lee
- Division of Sports and Health Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea.,Mechanical & Molecular Myology Lab, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jae-Young Lim
- Mechanical & Molecular Myology Lab, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Seung-Jun Choi
- Division of Sports and Health Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea
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Schlapakow E, Peeva V, Zsurka G, Jeub M, Wabbels B, Kornblum C, Kunz WS. Distinct segregation of the pathogenic m.5667G>A mitochondrial tRNA Asn mutation in extraocular and skeletal muscle in chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia. Neuromuscul Disord 2019; 29:358-367. [PMID: 30962064 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) is a frequent clinical manifestation of disorders caused by pathogenic mitochondrial DNA mutations. However, for diagnostic purposes skeletal muscle tissue is used, since extraocular muscle tissue is usually not available for work-up. In the present study we aimed to identify causative factors that are responsible for extraocular muscle to be primarily affected in CPEO. We performed comparative histochemical and molecular genetic analyses of extraocular muscle and skeletal muscle single fibers in a case of isolated CPEO caused by the heteroplasmic m.5667G>A mutation in the mitochondrial tRNAAsn gene (MT-TN). Histochemical analyses revealed higher proportion of cytochrome c oxidase deficient fibers in extraocular muscle (41%) compared to skeletal muscle (10%). However, genetic analyses of single fibers revealed no significant difference either in the mutation loads between extraocular muscle and skeletal muscle cytochrome c oxidase deficient single fibers (extraocular muscle 86% ± 4.6%; skeletal muscle 87.8 %± 5.7%, p = 0.246) nor in the mutation threshold (extraocular muscle 74% ± 3%; skeletal muscle 74% ± 4%). We hypothesize that higher proportion of cytochrome c oxidase deficient fibers in extraocular muscle compared to skeletal muscle might be due to facilitated segregation of the m.5667G>A mutation into extraocular muscle, which may explain the preferential ocular manifestation and clinically isolated CPEO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Schlapakow
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Bonn, Germany; Center for Rare Diseases, University Hospital of Bonn, Germany
| | - Viktoriya Peeva
- Division of Neurochemistry, Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, D-53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gábor Zsurka
- Division of Neurochemistry, Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, D-53105 Bonn, Germany; Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Monika Jeub
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Cornelia Kornblum
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Bonn, Germany; Center for Rare Diseases, University Hospital of Bonn, Germany
| | - Wolfram S Kunz
- Division of Neurochemistry, Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, D-53105 Bonn, Germany; Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn, Germany.
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Claflin DR, Roche SM, Gumucio JP, Mendias CL, Brooks SV. Assessment of the Contractile Properties of Permeabilized Skeletal Muscle Fibers. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1460:321-36. [PMID: 27492182 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3810-0_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Permeabilized individual skeletal muscle fibers offer the opportunity to evaluate contractile behavior in a system that is greatly simplified, yet physiologically relevant. Here we describe the steps required to prepare, permeabilize and preserve small samples of skeletal muscle. We then detail the procedures used to isolate individual fiber segments and attach them to an experimental apparatus for the purpose of controlling activation and measuring force generation. We also describe our technique for estimating the cross-sectional area of fiber segments. The area measurement is necessary for normalizing the absolute force to obtain specific force, a measure of the intrinsic force-generating capability of the contractile system.
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Toth MJ, Callahan DM, Miller MS, Tourville TW, Hackett SB, Couch ME, Dittus K. Skeletal muscle fiber size and fiber type distribution in human cancer: Effects of weight loss and relationship to physical function. Clin Nutr 2016; 35:1359-65. [PMID: 27010836 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Cancer patients frequently experience weight loss, with negative consequences for functionality and prognosis. The extent to which muscle atrophy contributes to weight loss, however, is not clear, as few studies have directly measured muscle fiber morphology in cancer patients. METHODS Whole body and regional tissue composition were measured, along with the cross-sectional area (CSA) and fiber type of mechanically-isolated, single muscle fibers, in 19 cancer patients (8 with a history of weight loss, 11 weight-stable) and 15 non-diseased controls. RESULTS Whole body fat mass was reduced in cancer patients with a history of weight loss, but no differences in whole body or leg fat-free mass were apparent. In contrast, reductions (∼20%) in single muscle fiber CSA were found in both slow-twitch, myosin heavy chain (MHC) I and fast-twitch, MHC IIA fibers in both weight-stable patients and those with a history of weight loss. Fiber type distribution showed a shift towards a fast-twitch phenotype compared to controls, which may preserve muscle function in cancer patients despite atrophy, as positive relationships were found between the fractions of hybrid MHC IIAX and I/IIA fibers and 6-min walk performance. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that, although not apparent from whole body or regional measurements, cancer is associated with reduced skeletal muscle fiber size independent of weight loss history and a shift towards fast-twitch fibers, phenotypes that resemble adaptations to muscle disuse.
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Callahan DM, Tourville TW, Slauterbeck JR, Ades PA, Stevens-Lapsley J, Beynnon BD, Toth MJ. Reduced rate of knee extensor torque development in older adults with knee osteoarthritis is associated with intrinsic muscle contractile deficits. Exp Gerontol 2015; 72:16-21. [PMID: 26343257 PMCID: PMC4654635 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We examined the effect of knee osteoarthritis on the rate of torque development (RTD) of the knee extensors in older adults with advanced-stage knee osteoarthritis (OA; n=15) and recreationally-active controls (n=15) of similar age, sex and health status, as well as the relationship between RTD and the size and contractility of single muscle fibers. OA participants had lower RTD when expressed in absolute terms (Nm/ms). There were sex differences in peak RTD (P<0.05), with greater RTD in men, but no group by sex interaction effects for any variables. The lower RTD in OA versus controls was not explained by variation between groups in the fiber type admixture of the muscle, and was mitigated when RTD was normalized to peak torque (PT). In knee OA volunteers, we found strong correlations between the RTD expressed relative to PT and the velocity of contraction of single myosin heavy chain (MHC) I and IIA/X muscle fibers (r=0.652 and 0.862; both P<0.05) and power output of MHC I fibers (r=0.642; P<0.05). In controls, RTD relative to PT was related to fiber cross-sectional area of MHC IIA/X fibers (r=0.707; P<0.05), but not measures of single fiber contractile performance. To our knowledge, these results represent the first demonstration that variation in whole muscle contractile kinetics in patients with advanced-stage knee osteoarthritis and healthy older adults is related, in part, to the size and function of single muscle fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien M Callahan
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Timothy W Tourville
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - James R Slauterbeck
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Philip A Ades
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Jennifer Stevens-Lapsley
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Bruce D Beynnon
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Michael J Toth
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States; Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States.
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