1
|
Szydlowski DK, Elgin AK, Lodge DM, Tiemann JS, Larson ER. Long-term macrophyte and snail community responses to population declines of invasive rusty crayfish (Faxonius rusticus). Ecol Appl 2023; 33:e2818. [PMID: 36772970 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A central focus of invasive species research has been on human efforts to eradicate invaders or reduce their abundance to mitigate the worst of their impacts. In some cases, however, populations of invasive species decline without human intervention, which may inform management responses to these invaders. Such is the case of the invasive rusty crayfish (Faxonius rusticus) in northern Wisconsin, USA, where systematic population monitoring since 1975 has revealed population declines in approximately half of the lakes surveyed. Population declines of invasive species without human intervention remain understudied, but there is even less research on how communities respond following such declines. Using 10 lakes in Vilas County, Wisconsin, we investigated community recovery of habitat (macrophytes) and prey (freshwater snails) of F. rusticus following up to 33 years of declines of this invader in some lakes using a dataset with a rare, long-term span over which consistent data were collected (1987, 2002, 2011, and 2020). We compared community responses in lakes where F. rusticus populations reached a peak and subsequently declined (boom-bust lakes) and lakes where our dataset only captured the decline of F. rusticus (bust lakes) to reference lakes with consistently high or low crayfish abundance over time. We found partial recovery of macrophytes and snails in the bust and boom-bust lakes where F. rusticus has declined, with recovery of macrophyte abundance and richness in the boom-bust lakes achieving levels observed in the low-crayfish reference lakes. Snail abundance and richness increased after declines of F. rusticus, though not to the level of the low-crayfish reference lakes, suggesting that snail recovery may lag macrophyte recovery because snails are dependent on macrophytes and associated periphyton for habitat. The recovery we document potentially represents long-term ecosystem resilience of lakes to biological invasions. Our results suggest that lake communities may recover without active restoration interventions after invasive crayfish population declines, although identifying which lakes experience these natural declines remains a priority for future research and management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel K Szydlowski
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Ashley K Elgin
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, Muskegon, Michigan, USA
| | - David M Lodge
- Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Jeremy S Tiemann
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Eric R Larson
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tyrrell CD, Chambers PA, Culp JM. Harnessing aquatic plant growth forms to apply European nutrient-enrichment bioindicators to Canadian waters. Appl Plant Sci 2022; 10:e11487. [PMID: 36034189 PMCID: PMC9400395 DOI: 10.1002/aps3.11487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Aquatic macrophyte species abundance and nutrient affinity are used in metrics to assess the trophic condition of lakes and rivers. The development of these indices is often regional, with inter-regional comparisons being complicated by the lack of taxonomic overlap. Here, we use a traits-based approach to expand the geographic scope of existing metrics. METHODS We generalized European trophic affinity values using the response of plant growth form to the light-nutrient gradient, then applied these values to sites in Canada. We evaluated the method's performance against the measured total phosphorus concentration (TP). RESULTS Free-floating and emergent growth forms were associated with enriched waters (>0.2 mg/L TP), whereas rosette forms were associated with oligotrophic conditions (<0.05 mg/L TP). The responses were longitudinally consistent, and the site scores among indices were highly collinear. Growth form-based scores were more strongly correlated with TP than were species-based scores (0.42-0.56 versus 0.008-0.25). DISCUSSION We leveraged the ecological relationship between increased surface water nutrient enrichment and the dominance of particular aquatic plant growth forms to generalize aquatic plant trophic indices. We demonstrated an approach for adapting species-based indices to plant traits to facilitate a broader geographic application and simpler data collection, which could be used to develop an easily applied trait-based method of assessing water nutrient status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D. Tyrrell
- Botany Department, Milwaukee Public Museum800 West Wells StreetMilwaukeeWisconsin53233USA
- Department of Biological SciencesMarquette University109 Wehr Life Sciences, 1428 West Clybourn StreetMilwaukeeWisconsin53233USA
- Canadian Rivers Institute, c/o UNB Fredericton, 28 Dineen DriveFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada
| | - Patricia A. Chambers
- Environment and Climate Change CanadaCanadian Centre for Inland Waters, BurlingtonOntarioL7R 4A6Canada
| | - Joseph M. Culp
- Canadian Rivers Institute, c/o UNB Fredericton, 28 Dineen DriveFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada
- Environment and Climate Change CanadaCanadian Centre for Inland Waters, BurlingtonOntarioL7R 4A6Canada
- Cold Regions Research CentreWilfrid Laurier University, WaterlooOntarioN2L 3C5Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mello D, Carvalho KQ, Passig FH, Freire FB, Borges AC, Lima MX, Marcelino GR. Nutrient and organic matter removal from low strength sewage treated with constructed wetlands. Environ Technol 2019; 40:11-18. [PMID: 28891384 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1377291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of Eichhornia crassipes for removing pollutants from low strength sewage was evaluated in three pilot-scale constructed wetlands (CW): CW 1, planted with E. crassipes in a filter media; CW 2, unplanted, composed by filter media; and CW 3, composed by E. crassipes floating on the sewage. The operation was divided into three stages by varying the nominal hydraulic retention time into: (I) 24 h; (II) 48 h; (III) 72 h. Temporal sampling profiles were carried out with collection of the influent and effluent samples to determine temperature, pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), TKN and TP. Contents of TP and TN were analyzed in the plant tissue of the macrophyte. The best removal efficiency rates for phosphorus (38%) and TKN (47%) were obtained in CW 3 for 72 h. The highest COD removal was observed in the CW 2 (80%) for 48 h. The macrophyte E. crassipes contributed to the absorption process with uptake rate percentages of 8.3% (CW 1) and 9.0% (CW 3) for TN and 0.78% (CW 1) and 1.56% (CW 3) for TP on the dry matter of the plant. The chosen species planted in the systems contributed to the achievement of higher nutrient removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Mello
- a Environmental Sciences and Technology Graduate Program. St. Deputado Heitor de Alencar Furtado , Federal University of Technology , Curitiba , Brazil
| | - K Q Carvalho
- b Civil Construction Academic Department. St. Deputado Heitor de Alencar Furtado , Federal University of Technology , Curitiba , Brazil
| | - F H Passig
- c Chemistry and Biology Academic Department. St. Deputado Heitor de Alencar Furtado , Federal University of Technology , Curitiba , Brazil
| | - F B Freire
- b Civil Construction Academic Department. St. Deputado Heitor de Alencar Furtado , Federal University of Technology , Curitiba , Brazil
| | - A C Borges
- d Department of Agricultural Engineering , Federal University of Viçosa , Viçosa , Brazil
| | - M X Lima
- e Civil Engineering Graduate Program. St. Deputado Heitor de Alencar Furtado , Federal University of Technology , Curitiba , Brazil
| | - G R Marcelino
- c Chemistry and Biology Academic Department. St. Deputado Heitor de Alencar Furtado , Federal University of Technology , Curitiba , Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
The standardized laboratory water-sediment study in darkness is utilized as primary information on pesticide behavior to assess its ecotoxicological impacts in the edge-of-field water bodies. The half-lives of pesticide in water and sediment are key parameters to predict its environmental concentration, and its metabolic profiles help to avoid overlooking unexpected toxicological impacts from metabolites. However, no consideration of environmental factors such as sunlight and aquatic macrophytes is included, and this may lead to a conservative assessment. We review the experimental factors in the existing standardized design and then the effects of illumination and aquatic macrophytes introduced to the water-sediment system. The effects of temperature and the water-sediment ratio should be investigated in more detail and the pesticide behavior is possibly modified by illumination via photodegradation and/or metabolism in phototrophic microorganisms. Aquatic macrophytes play a major role as an additional sorption site and in further pesticide metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Katagi
- Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 3–1–98 Kasugadenaka, Konohana-Ku, Osaka 554–8558, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kissoon LTT, Jacob DL, Hanson MA, Herwig BR, Bowe SE, Otte ML. Macrophytes in shallow lakes: relationships with water, sediment and watershed characteristics. Aquat Bot 2013; 109:39-48. [PMID: 23997402 PMCID: PMC3752979 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We examined macrophyte-environment relationships in shallow lakes located within the Prairie Parkland and Laurentian Mixed Forest provinces of Minnesota. Environmental variables included land cover within lake watersheds, and within-lake, water and sediment characteristics. CCA indicated that sediment fraction smaller than 63 μm (f<63), open water area, turbidity, and percent woodland and agricultural cover in watersheds were significant environmental variables explaining 36.6% of variation in macrophyte cover. When Province was added to the analysis as a spatial covariate, these environmental variables explained 30.8% of the variation in macrophyte cover. CCA also indicated that pH, f<63, percent woodland cover in watersheds, open water area, emergent vegetation area, and organic matter content were significant environmental variables explaining 43.5% of the variation in macrophyte biomass. When Province was added to the analysis as a spatial covariate, these environmental variables explained 39.1% of the variation in macrophyte biomass. The f<63 was the most important environmental variable explaining variation for both measures of macrophyte abundance (cover and biomass) when Province was added as a spatial covariate to the models. Percent woodland in watersheds, turbidity, open water area, and Ca+Mg explained 34.5% of the variation in macrophyte community composition. Most species showed a negative relationship with turbidity and open water area except for Potamogeton richardsonii, Stuckenia pectinata, and filamentous algae. Our study further demonstrates the extent to which macrophyte abundance and community composition are related to site- and watershed-scale variables including lake morphology, water and sediment characteristics, and percent land cover of adjacent uplands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- La Toya T Kissoon
- Wet Ecosystem Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, NDSU Department 2715, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108-6050
- Corresponding author: , Phone: 701-231-8999
| | - Donna L Jacob
- Wet Ecosystem Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, NDSU Department 2715, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108-6050
| | - Mark A Hanson
- Minnesota DNR, Wetland Wildlife Population and Research Group, Bemidji, MN
| | - Brian R Herwig
- Minnesota DNR, Wetland Wildlife Population and Research Group, Bemidji, MN
| | - Shane E Bowe
- Red Lake DNR, Water Resources Program, Red Lake, MN
| | - Marinus L Otte
- Wet Ecosystem Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, NDSU Department 2715, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108-6050
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Abstract Human induced alterations to rivers and steams have resulted in significant changes to the structure and diversity of riparian and aquatic plant communities. These changes will impact on the dynamics of riverine carbon cycles and food web structure and function. Here we investigate the principal sources of organic carbon supporting local shredder communities across a gradient in different levels of anthropogenic development along riverine reaches, in South Australia. In forested/wooded reaches with minimum to limited development, semi-emergent macrophytes were the principal sources of organic carbon supporting the local shredder communities. However, in developed reaches, course particulate organic matter and filamentous algae were the principal food sources. The C:N ratios of the food sources in developed reaches were higher than those of their consumers indicating a stoichiometric mismatch. This imbalanced consumer-resource nutrient ratio in those developed reaches is likely to impose constraints on the growth and reproduction of their aquatic shredder communities with probable knock-on effects to higher trophic levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Deegan
- School of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - George G Ganf
- School of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| |
Collapse
|