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Noroozi B, Morshed BI. Misalignment-Tolerant Planar Spiral Coil Pair Design for 13.56 MHz Inductive Coupling of Wireless Resistive Analog Passive Sensors. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:752. [PMID: 38339468 PMCID: PMC10856966 DOI: 10.3390/s24030752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Long-term daily-life body signal monitoring offers numerous advantages, such as timely response to health alerts, diseases monitoring, and reducing time and expenses related to clinical trials. Access to physiological data can be achieved with low-cost and comfortable wireless wearable sensors. In our previous publication, we reported a low-cost, easy to implement, and unobtrusive wireless resistive analog passive (WRAP) sensor to provide a feasible bio-signal monitoring technique by using a pair of printed spiral coils (PSC) in a near field connection. Sensitivity, defined as the response to the transducer, is a critical feature in the establishment of a reliable system. In the previous publication, we presented the utilization of a Genetic Algorithm to design a pair of coils and related components to maximize sensitivity. Although the coils' misalignment can significantly affect the optimized sensitivity, it was not incorporated into the optimization process. This paper focuses on optimizing the coils and components in order to maximize both their sensitivity and their resilience against movements of the PSC pair. In a square-shaped pair comprising a primary coil of 60 mm and a secondary coil of 20 mm dimensions, we found that the sensitivity is maximized at 1.3 mƱ for a 16 mm axial distance. Additionally, it remains above 0.65 mƱ within ±11.25 mm lateral and +14 mm axial displacements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Noroozi
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Bashir I. Morshed
- Department of Computer Science, E. E. Whitacre Jr. College of Engineering, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
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2
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Kirschner J, Michel S, Becker R, Stiebitz O, Hommel H, Schulz R, Daszkiewicz M, Królikowska A, Prill R. Determination of Relationships between Symmetry-Based, Performance-Based, and Functional Outcome Measures in Patients Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1046. [PMID: 37511659 PMCID: PMC10381123 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13071046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the high heterogeneity in outcome measures after total hip arthroplasty (THA), the prospective observational study investigated the relationships between symmetry-based (SBMs), performance-based (PBMs), and functional outcome measures in THA patients to determine necessary or redundant categories of tests. The study material consisted of 24 patients with end-stage hip osteoarthritis scheduled for THA. The patients were examined one day before surgery and consecutively on the 4th day, 9th day, and 10th week postoperatively using the SBMs (weight-bearing chair-rising test, measurements of the maximal isometric torque of the quadriceps muscle); the PBMs (10-m walk, timed up-and-go, and stair-climbing tests); and the functional outcome measure (Harris Hip Score). The results obtained in a given category of tests at different time points were compared, and the correlations between the tests were determined. The reliability of the outcome measures was determined. The results of tests in the studied categories statistically significantly (p < 0.05) improved at the 10th week postoperatively compared to preoperative results. No strong correlations were revealed between the three studied types of outcome measures in THA patients. Therefore, none of them can be considered redundant. It also means that the relevance of symmetry for a core measurement set to describe the domain function in THA patients must be further clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Kirschner
- Department of Therapy Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 03046 Cottbus, Germany
| | - Sven Michel
- Department of Therapy Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 03046 Cottbus, Germany
| | - Roland Becker
- Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Brandenburg a.d.H., Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
| | - Olaf Stiebitz
- Department of Therapy Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 03046 Cottbus, Germany
| | - Hagen Hommel
- Department of Therapy Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 03046 Cottbus, Germany
- District Hospital Märkisch Oderland GmbH, 16269 Wriezen, Germany
| | - Robert Schulz
- BIH QUEST Center for Responsible Research, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Aleksandra Królikowska
- Ergonomics and Biomedical Monitoring Laboratory, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, 50367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Robert Prill
- Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Brandenburg a.d.H., Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
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Shiwani MA, Chico TJA, Ciravegna F, Mihaylova L. Continuous Monitoring of Health and Mobility Indicators in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: A Review of Recent Technologies. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:5752. [PMID: 37420916 DOI: 10.3390/s23125752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases kill 18 million people each year. Currently, a patient's health is assessed only during clinical visits, which are often infrequent and provide little information on the person's health during daily life. Advances in mobile health technologies have allowed for the continuous monitoring of indicators of health and mobility during daily life by wearable and other devices. The ability to obtain such longitudinal, clinically relevant measurements could enhance the prevention, detection and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of various methods for monitoring patients with cardiovascular disease during daily life using wearable devices. We specifically discuss three distinct monitoring domains: physical activity monitoring, indoor home monitoring and physiological parameter monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali Shiwani
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
| | - Timothy J A Chico
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, The Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Fabio Ciravegna
- Dipartimento di Informatica, Università di Torino, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Lyudmila Mihaylova
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
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4
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de Almeida e Bueno L, Kwong MT, Bergmann JHM. Performance of Oral Cavity Sensors: A Systematic Review. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:s23020588. [PMID: 36679385 PMCID: PMC9862524 DOI: 10.3390/s23020588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Technological advancements are enabling new applications within biomedical engineering. As a connection point between the outer environment and the human system, the oral cavity offers unique opportunities for sensing technologies. This paper systematically reviews the performance of measurement systems tested in the human oral cavity. Performance was defined by metrics related to accuracy and agreement estimation. A comprehensive search identifying human studies that reported on the accuracy or agreement of intraoral sensors found 85 research papers. Most of the literature (62%) was in dentistry, followed by neurology (21%), and physical medicine and rehabilitation (12%). The remaining papers were on internal medicine, obstetrics, and aerospace medicine. Most of the studies applied force or pressure sensors (32%), while optical and image sensors were applied most widely across fields. The main challenges for future adoption include the lack of large human trials, the maturity of emerging technologies (e.g., biochemical sensors), and the absence of standardization of evaluation in specific fields. New research should aim to employ robust performance metrics to evaluate their systems and incorporate real-world evidence as part of the evaluation process. Oral cavity sensors offer the potential for applications in healthcare and wellbeing, but for many technologies, more research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Man Ting Kwong
- Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, St. Thomas’ Hospital, Westminster Bridge Rd., London SE1 7EH, UK
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Schlüter IM, Prill R, Królikowska A, Cruysen C, Becker R. A Pilot Study on the Reliability of Ultrasound-Based Assessment of Patella Diameter and Sulcus Angle. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12123164. [PMID: 36553171 PMCID: PMC9777322 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12123164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This pilot study aimed to determine the reliability of a newly developed ultrasound-based protocol for the assessment of patella diameter and sulcus angle. The diameter of the patella expressed in mm and the sulcus angle, expressed in degrees were measured in the right knee in 12 healthy participants (eight women and four men) in two separate sessions by two examiners (experienced rater and inexperienced rater) using ultrasonography according to a developed standardized protocol. The reliability was determined on the calculated intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC, expressed as a 95% confidence interval (lower bound, upper bound). For the patella diameter measurement, intra-rater and inter-rater reliability were good to excellent, with the ICC exceeding 0.836-0.998 and 0.859-0.997, respectively. The intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the sulcus measurement was moderate to excellent, as the ICC amounted to 0.559-0.993 and 0.559-0.990, respectively. The reliability of both measures increased with the experience of the examiner. Therefore, it was determined that the newly developed protocol for an ultrasound-based assessment of patella diameter and sulcus angle is reliable. Further studies validating their clinical use should be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isa-Maria Schlüter
- Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
| | - Robert Prill
- Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Brandenburg/Havel, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Aleksandra Królikowska
- Ergonomics and Biomedical Monitoring Laboratory, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Caren Cruysen
- Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Brandenburg/Havel, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
| | - Roland Becker
- Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Brandenburg/Havel, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
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Oleksy Ł, Królikowska A, Mika A, Reichert P, Kentel M, Kentel M, Poświata A, Roksela A, Kozak D, Bienias K, Smoliński M, Stolarczyk A, Mikulski M. A Reliability of Active and Passive Knee Joint Position Sense Assessment Using the Luna EMG Rehabilitation Robot. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:15885. [PMID: 36497961 PMCID: PMC9739924 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Joint position sense (JPS) is the awareness of joint location in space, indicating accuracy and precision of the movement. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to determine the reliability of active and passive JPS assessment regarding the knee joint. This was carried out using the Luna EMG rehabilitation robot. Further analysis assessed whether the examination of only the dominant site is justified and if there are differences between sites. The study comprised 24 healthy male participants aged 24.13 ± 2.82 years, performing sports at a recreational level. Using the Luna EMG rehabilitation robot, JPS tests were performed for the right and left knees during flexion and extension in active and passive mode, in two separate sessions with a 1-week interval. Both knee flexion and extension in active and passive modes demonstrated high reliability (ICC = 0.866-0.982; SEM = 0.63-0.31). The mean JPS angle error did not differ significantly between the right and left lower limbs (p < 0.05); however, no between-limb correlation was noted (r = 0.21-0.34; p > 0.05). The Bland-Altman plots showed that the between-limb bias was minimal, with relatively wide limits of agreement. Therefore, it was concluded that the Luna EMG rehabilitation robot is a reliable tool for active and passive knee JPS assessment. In our study, JPS angle error did not differ significantly between left and right sides; however, the slight asymmetry was observed (visible in broad level of agreement exceeding 5° in Bland-Altman plots), what may suggest that in healthy subjects, e.g., active athletes, proprioception should always be assessed on both sides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Oleksy
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, 31-008 Krakow, Poland
- Oleksy Medical & Sport Sciences, 37-100 Łańcut, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Królikowska
- Ergonomics and Biomedical Monitoring Laboratory, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wrocław Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Mika
- Institute of Clinical Rehabilitation, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Reichert
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Clinical Department of Trauma and Hand Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Anna Roksela
- Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | | | | | - Marcel Smoliński
- Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Artur Stolarczyk
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
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7
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Lorenz G. [Diagnostic predictive value of liver biopsy for clinical aspects]. Z Arztl Fortbild (Jena) 2022; 72:793-6. [PMID: 362741 PMCID: PMC9736764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background The quest for improved diagnosis and treatment in home health care models has led to the development of wearable medical devices for remote vital signs monitoring. An accurate signal and a high diagnostic yield are critical for the cost-effectiveness of wearable health care monitoring systems and their widespread application in resource-constrained environments. Despite technological advances, the information acquired by these devices can be contaminated by motion artifacts (MA) leading to misdiagnosis or repeated procedures with increases in associated costs. This makes it necessary to develop methods to improve the quality of the signal acquired by these devices. Objective We aimed to present a novel method for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal denoising to reduce MA. We aimed to analyze the method’s performance and to compare its performance to that of existing approaches. Methods We present the novel Redundant denoising Independent Component Analysis method for ECG signal denoising based on the redundant and simultaneous acquisition of ECG signals and movement information, multichannel processing, and performance assessment considering the information contained in the signal waveform. The method is based on data including ECG signals from the patient’s chest and back, the acquisition of triaxial movement signals from inertial measurement units, a reference signal synthesized from an autoregressive model, and the separation of interest and noise sources through multichannel independent component analysis. Results The proposed method significantly reduced MA, showing better performance and introducing a smaller distortion in the interest signal compared with other methods. Finally, the performance of the proposed method was compared to that of wavelet shrinkage and wavelet independent component analysis through the assessment of signal-to-noise ratio, dynamic time warping, and a proposed index based on the signal waveform evaluation with an ensemble average ECG. Conclusions Our novel ECG denoising method is a contribution to converting wearable devices into medical monitoring tools that can be used to support the remote diagnosis and monitoring of cardiovascular diseases. A more accurate signal substantially improves the diagnostic yield of wearable devices. A better yield improves the devices’ cost-effectiveness and contributes to their widespread application.
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Ileșan RR, Cordoș CG, Mihăilă LI, Fleșar R, Popescu AS, Perju-Dumbravă L, Faragó P. Proof of Concept in Artificial-Intelligence-Based Wearable Gait Monitoring for Parkinson's Disease Management Optimization. Biosensors (Basel) 2022; 12:bios12040189. [PMID: 35448249 PMCID: PMC9027339 DOI: 10.3390/bios12040189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder, affecting 6.2 million patients and causing disability and decreased quality of life. The research is oriented nowadays toward artificial intelligence (AI)-based wearables for early diagnosis and long-term PD monitoring. Our primary objective is the monitoring and assessment of gait in PD patients. We propose a wearable physiograph for qualitative and quantitative gait assessment, which performs bilateral tracking of the foot biomechanics and unilateral tracking of arm balance. Gait patterns are assessed by means of correlation. The surface plot of a correlation coefficient matrix, generated from the recorded signals, is classified using convolutional neural networks into physiological or PD-specific gait. The novelty is given by the proposed AI-based decisional support procedure for gait assessment. A proof of concept of the proposed physiograph is validated in a clinical environment on five patients and five healthy controls, proving to be a feasible solution for ubiquitous gait monitoring and assessment in PD. PD management demonstrates the complexity of the human body. A platform empowering multidisciplinary, AI-evidence-based decision support assessments for optimal dosing between drug and non-drug therapy could lay the foundation for affordable precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Radu Ileșan
- Department of Neurology and Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj-Napoca, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.R.I.); (A.-S.P.); (L.P.-D.)
- Clinic of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claudia-Georgiana Cordoș
- Bases of Electronics Department, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 400114 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.-G.C.); (L.-I.M.)
| | - Laura-Ioana Mihăilă
- Bases of Electronics Department, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 400114 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.-G.C.); (L.-I.M.)
| | - Radu Fleșar
- Computer Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, West University of Timișoara, 300223 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Ana-Sorina Popescu
- Department of Neurology and Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj-Napoca, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.R.I.); (A.-S.P.); (L.P.-D.)
| | - Lăcrămioara Perju-Dumbravă
- Department of Neurology and Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj-Napoca, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.R.I.); (A.-S.P.); (L.P.-D.)
| | - Paul Faragó
- Bases of Electronics Department, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 400114 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.-G.C.); (L.-I.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Li H, An Z, Zuo S, Zhu W, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Zhang C, Song W, Mao Q, Mu Y, Li E, García JDP. Artificial Intelligence-Enabled ECG Algorithm Based on Improved Residual Network for Wearable ECG. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21186043. [PMID: 34577248 PMCID: PMC8472929 DOI: 10.3390/s21186043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Heart disease is the leading cause of death for men and women globally. The residual network (ResNet) evolution of electrocardiogram (ECG) technology has contributed to our understanding of cardiac physiology. We propose an artificial intelligence-enabled ECG algorithm based on an improved ResNet for a wearable ECG. The system hardware consists of a wearable ECG with conductive fabric electrodes, a wireless ECG acquisition module, a mobile terminal App, and a cloud diagnostic platform. The algorithm adopted in this study is based on an improved ResNet for the rapid classification of different types of arrhythmia. First, we visualize ECG data and convert one-dimensional ECG signals into two-dimensional images using Gramian angular fields. Then, we improve the ResNet-50 network model, add multistage shortcut branches to the network, and optimize the residual block. The ReLu activation function is replaced by a scaled exponential linear units (SELUs) activation function to improve the expression ability of the model. Finally, the images are input into the improved ResNet network for classification. The average recognition rate of this classification algorithm against seven types of arrhythmia signals (atrial fibrillation, atrial premature beat, ventricular premature beat, normal beat, ventricular tachycardia, atrial tachycardia, and sinus bradycardia) is 98.3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Z.A.); (S.Z.); (C.Z.); (W.S.); (Q.M.); (Y.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Zhixuan An
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Z.A.); (S.Z.); (C.Z.); (W.S.); (Q.M.); (Y.M.)
| | - Shasha Zuo
- Textile Fiber Inspection Center, Tianjin Product Quality Inspection Technology Research Institute, Tianjin 300192, China; (S.Z.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wei Zhu
- Textile Fiber Inspection Center, Tianjin Product Quality Inspection Technology Research Institute, Tianjin 300192, China; (S.Z.); (W.Z.)
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China;
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Z.A.); (S.Z.); (C.Z.); (W.S.); (Q.M.); (Y.M.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Z.A.); (S.Z.); (C.Z.); (W.S.); (Q.M.); (Y.M.)
| | - Wenchao Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Z.A.); (S.Z.); (C.Z.); (W.S.); (Q.M.); (Y.M.)
| | - Quanhua Mao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Z.A.); (S.Z.); (C.Z.); (W.S.); (Q.M.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yuxin Mu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Z.A.); (S.Z.); (C.Z.); (W.S.); (Q.M.); (Y.M.)
| | - Enbang Li
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia;
| | - Juan Daniel Prades García
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain;
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10
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Hwang HS, Lee EC. Non-Contact Respiration Measurement Method Based on RGB Camera Using 1D Convolutional Neural Networks. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:3456. [PMID: 34063527 DOI: 10.3390/s21103456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Conventional respiration measurement requires a separate device and/or can cause discomfort, so it is difficult to perform routinely, even for patients with respiratory diseases. The development of contactless respiration measurement technology would reduce discomfort and help detect and prevent fatal diseases. Therefore, we propose a respiration measurement method using a learning-based region-of-interest detector and a clustering-based respiration pixel estimation technique. The proposed method consists of a model for classifying whether a pixel conveys respiration information based on its variance and a method for classifying pixels with clear breathing components using the symmetry of the respiration signals. The proposed method was evaluated with the data of 14 men and women acquired in an actual environment, and it was confirmed that the average error was within approximately 0.1 bpm. In addition, a Bland-Altman analysis confirmed that the measurement result had no error bias, and regression analysis confirmed that the correlation of the results with the reference is high. The proposed method, designed to be inexpensive, fast, and robust to noise, is potentially suitable for practical use in clinical scenarios.
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Senthil Kumar K, Xu Z, Sivaperuman Kalairaj M, Ponraj G, Huang H, Ng CF, Wu QH, Ren H. Stretchable Capacitive Pressure Sensing Sleeve Deployable onto Catheter Balloons towards Continuous Intra-Abdominal Pressure Monitoring. Biosensors (Basel) 2021; 11:156. [PMID: 34069108 DOI: 10.3390/bios11050156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) is closely correlated with intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) diagnoses, indicating the need for continuous monitoring. Early intervention for IAH and ACS has been proven to reduce the rate of morbidity. However, the current IAP monitoring method is a tedious process with a long calibration time for a single time point measurement. Thus, there is the need for an efficient and continuous way of measuring IAP. Herein, a stretchable capacitive pressure sensor with controlled microstructures embedded into a cylindrical elastomeric mold, fabricated as a pressure sensing sleeve, is presented. The sensing sleeve can be readily deployed onto intrabody catheter balloons for pressure measurement at the site. The thin and highly conformable nature of the pressure sensing sleeve captures the pressure change without hindering the functionality of the foley catheter balloon.
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Ayena JC, Chioukh L, Otis MJD, Deslandes D. Risk of Falling in a Timed Up and Go Test Using an UWB Radar and an Instrumented Insole. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:722. [PMID: 33494509 PMCID: PMC7866057 DOI: 10.3390/s21030722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Previously, studies reported that falls analysis is possible in the elderly, when using wearable sensors. However, these devices cannot be worn daily, as they need to be removed and recharged from time-to-time due to their energy consumption, data transfer, attachment to the body, etc. This study proposes to introduce a radar sensor, an unobtrusive technology, for risk of falling analysis and combine its performance with an instrumented insole. We evaluated our methods on datasets acquired during a Timed Up and Go (TUG) test where a stride length (SL) was computed by the insole using three approaches. Only the SL from the third approach was not statistically significant (p = 0.2083 > 0.05) compared to the one provided by the radar, revealing the importance of a sensor location on human body. While reducing the number of force sensors (FSR), the risk scores using an insole containing three FSRs and y-axis of acceleration were not significantly different (p > 0.05) compared to the combination of a single radar and two FSRs. We concluded that contactless TUG testing is feasible, and by supplementing the instrumented insole to the radar, more precise information could be available for the professionals to make accurate decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes C. Ayena
- Communications and Microelectronic Integration Laboratory (LACIME), Department of Electrical Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure, 1100 Rue Notre-Dame Ouest, Montréal, QC H3C 1K3, Canada; (J.C.A.); (D.D.)
| | - Lydia Chioukh
- Communications and Microelectronic Integration Laboratory (LACIME), Department of Electrical Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure, 1100 Rue Notre-Dame Ouest, Montréal, QC H3C 1K3, Canada; (J.C.A.); (D.D.)
| | - Martin J.-D. Otis
- Laboratory of Automation and Robotic Interaction (LAR.i), Department of Applied Science, University of Quebec at Chicoutimi, 555 Blvd of University, Chicoutimi, QC G7H 2B1, Canada;
| | - Dominic Deslandes
- Communications and Microelectronic Integration Laboratory (LACIME), Department of Electrical Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure, 1100 Rue Notre-Dame Ouest, Montréal, QC H3C 1K3, Canada; (J.C.A.); (D.D.)
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13
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Di Tocco J, Sabbadini R, Raiano L, Fani F, Ripani S, Schena E, Formica D, Massaroni C. Breath-Jockey: Development and Feasibility Assessment of a Wearable System for Respiratory Rate and Kinematic Parameter Estimation for Gallop Athletes. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 21:E152. [PMID: 33383689 PMCID: PMC7795240 DOI: 10.3390/s21010152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, wearable devices for physiological parameter monitoring in sports and physical activities have been gaining momentum. In particular, some studies have focused their attention on using available commercial monitoring systems mainly on horses during training sessions or competitions. Only a few studies have focused on the jockey's physiological and kinematic parameters. Although at a glance, it seems jockeys do not make a lot of effort during riding, it is quite the opposite. Indeed, especially during competitions, they profuse a short but high intensity effort. To this extend, we propose a wearable system integrating conductive textiles and an M-IMU to simultaneously monitor the respiratory rate (RR) and kinematic parameters of the riding activity. Firstly, we tested the developed wearable system on a healthy volunteer mimicking the typical riding movements of jockeys and compared the performances with a reference instrument. Lastly, we tested the system on two gallop jockeys during the "137∘ Derby Italiano di Galoppo". The proposed system is able to track both the RR and the kinematic parameters during the various phases of the competition both at rest and during the race.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Di Tocco
- Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 00128 Rome, Italy; (J.D.T.); (R.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Riccardo Sabbadini
- Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 00128 Rome, Italy; (J.D.T.); (R.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Luigi Raiano
- Unit of Neurophysiology and Neuroengineering of Human Technology Interaction (NeXT), Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 00128 Rome, Italy; (L.R.); (D.F.)
| | - Federica Fani
- Avery Dennison RBIS Italy, Prov.le Bonifica, 64010 Ancarano, Italy; (F.F.); (S.R.)
| | - Simone Ripani
- Avery Dennison RBIS Italy, Prov.le Bonifica, 64010 Ancarano, Italy; (F.F.); (S.R.)
| | - Emiliano Schena
- Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 00128 Rome, Italy; (J.D.T.); (R.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Domenico Formica
- Unit of Neurophysiology and Neuroengineering of Human Technology Interaction (NeXT), Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 00128 Rome, Italy; (L.R.); (D.F.)
| | - Carlo Massaroni
- Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 00128 Rome, Italy; (J.D.T.); (R.S.); (E.S.)
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14
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Turppa E, Kortelainen JM, Antropov O, Kiuru T. Vital Sign Monitoring Using FMCW Radar in Various Sleeping Scenarios. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:s20226505. [PMID: 33202567 PMCID: PMC7696080 DOI: 10.3390/s20226505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Remote monitoring of vital signs for studying sleep is a user-friendly alternative to monitoring with sensors attached to the skin. For instance, remote monitoring can allow unconstrained movement during sleep, whereas detectors requiring a physical contact may detach and interrupt the measurement and affect sleep itself. This study evaluates the performance of a cost-effective frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar in remote monitoring of heart rate and respiration in scenarios resembling a set of normal and abnormal physiological conditions during sleep. We evaluate the vital signs of ten subjects in different lying positions during various tasks. Specifically, we aim for a broad range of both heart and respiration rates to replicate various real-life scenarios and to test the robustness of the selected vital sign extraction methods consisting of fast Fourier transform based cepstral and autocorrelation analyses. As compared to the reference signals obtained using Embla titanium, a certified medical device, we achieved an overall relative mean absolute error of 3.6% (86% correlation) and 9.1% (91% correlation) for the heart rate and respiration rate, respectively. Our results promote radar-based clinical monitoring by showing that the proposed radar technology and signal processing methods accurately capture even such alarming vital signs as minimal respiration. Furthermore, we show that common parameters for heart rate variability can also be accurately extracted from the radar signal, enabling further sleep analyses.
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15
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Shukla B, Bassement J, Vijay V, Yadav S, Hewson D. Instrumented Analysis of the Sit-to-Stand Movement for Geriatric Screening: A Systematic Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:E139. [PMID: 33172131 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7040139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Sit-to-Stand (STS) is a widely used test of physical function to screen older people at risk of falls and frailty and is also one of the most important components of standard screening for sarcopenia. There have been many recent studies in which instrumented versions of the STS (iSTS) have been developed to provide additional parameters that could improve the accuracy of the STS test. This systematic review aimed to identify whether an iSTS is a viable alternative to a standard STS to identify older people at risk of falling, frailty, and sarcopenia. A total of 856 articles were found using the search strategy developed, with 12 articles retained in the review after screening based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Six studies evaluated the iSTS in fallers, five studies in frailty and only one study in both fallers and frailty. The results showed that power and velocity parameters extracted from an iSTS have the potential to improve the accuracy of screening when compared to a standard STS. Future work should focus on standardizing the segmentation of the STS into phases to enable comparison between studies and to develop devices integrated into the chair used for the test to improve usability.
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16
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Corey RM, Widloski EM, Null D, Ricconi B, Johnson MA, White KC, Amos JR, Pagano A, Oelze ML, Switzky RD, Wheeler MB, Bethke EB, Shipley CF, Singer AC. Low-Complexity System and Algorithm for an Emergency Ventilator Sensor and Alarm. IEEE Trans Biomed Circuits Syst 2020; 14:1088-1096. [PMID: 32870799 PMCID: PMC8545031 DOI: 10.1109/tbcas.2020.3020702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In response to anticipated shortages of ventilators caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, many organizations have designed low-cost emergency ventilators. Many of these devices are pressure-cycled pneumatic ventilators, which are easy to produce but often do not include the sensing or alarm features found on commercial ventilators. This work reports a low-cost, easy-to-produce electronic sensor and alarm system for pressure-cycled ventilators that estimates clinically useful metrics such as pressure and respiratory rate and sounds an alarm when the ventilator malfunctions. A low-complexity signal processing algorithm uses a pair of nonlinear recursive envelope trackers to monitor the signal from an electronic pressure sensor connected to the patient airway. The algorithm, inspired by those used in hearing aids, requires little memory and performs only a few calculations on each sample so that it can run on nearly any microcontroller.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M. Corey
- University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL61801USA
| | | | - David Null
- University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL61801USA
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17
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Abstract
The current pandemic associated with the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) presents a new area of research with its own set of challenges. Creating unobtrusive remote monitoring tools for medical professionals that may aid in diagnosis, monitoring and contact tracing could lead to more efficient and accurate treatments, especially in this time of physical distancing. Audio based sensing methods can address this by measuring the frequency, severity and characteristics of the COVID-19 cough. However, the feasibility of accumulating coughs directly from patients is low in the short term. This article introduces a novel database (NoCoCoDa), which contains COVID-19 cough events obtained through public media interviews with COVID-19 patients, as an interim solution. After manual segmentation of the interviews, a total of 73 individual cough events were extracted and cough phase annotation was performed. Furthermore, the COVID-19 cough is typically dry but can present as a more productive cough in severe cases. Therefore, an investigation of cough sub-type (productive vs. dry) of the NoCoCoDa was performed using methods previously published by our research group. Most of the NoCoCoDa cough events were recorded either during or after a severe period of the disease, which is supported by the fact that 77% of the COVID-19 coughs were classified as productive based on our previous work. The NoCoCoDa is designed to be used for rapid exploration and algorithm development, which can then be applied to more extensive datasets and potentially real time applications. The NoCoCoDa is available for free to the research community upon request.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafik Goubran
- Department of Systems and Computer EngineeringCarleton UniversityOttawaONK1S 5B6Canada
- Bruyére Research InstituteOttawaONK1R 6M1Canada
| | - Frank Knoefel
- Department of Systems and Computer EngineeringCarleton UniversityOttawaONK1S 5B6Canada
- Bruyére Research InstituteOttawaONK1R 6M1Canada
- Bruyére Continuing CareOttawaONK1N 5C8Canada
- Elisabeth Bruyére HospitalOttawaONK1N 5C8Canada
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18
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Liu J, Liu M, Bai Y, Zhang J, Liu H, Zhu W. Recent Progress in Flexible Wearable Sensors for Vital Sign Monitoring. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:E4009. [PMID: 32707637 DOI: 10.3390/s20144009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
With the development of flexible electronic materials, as well as the wide development and application of smartphones, the cloud, and wireless systems, flexible wearable sensor technology has a significant and far-reaching impact on the realization of personalized medical care and the reform of the consumer market in the future. However, due to the high requirements for accuracy, reliability, low power consumption, and less data error, the development of these potential areas is full of challenges. In order to solve these problems, this review mainly searches the literature from 2008 to May 2020, based on the PRISMA process. Based on them, this paper reviews the latest research progress of new flexible materials and different types of sensors for monitoring vital signs (including electrophysiological signals, body temperature, and respiratory frequency) in recent years. These materials and sensors can help realize accurate signal detection based on comfortable and sustainable observation, and may likely be applied to future daily clothing.
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19
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Kim J, Song W, Jung S, Kim Y, Park W, You B, Park K. Capacitive Heart-Rate Sensing on Touch Screen Panel with Laterally Interspaced Electrodes. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:s20143986. [PMID: 32709061 PMCID: PMC7412254 DOI: 10.3390/s20143986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
It is demonstrated that the heart-rate can be sensed capacitively on a touch screen panel (TSP) together with touch signals. The existing heart-rate sensing systems measure blood pulses by tracing the amount of light reflected from blood vessels during a number of cardiac cycles. This type of sensing system requires a considerable amount of power and space to be implemented in multi-functional mobile devices such as smart phones. It is found that the variation of the effective dielectric constant of finger stemming from the difference of systolic and diastolic blood flows can be measured with laterally interspaced top electrodes of TSP. The spacing between a pair of non-adjacent top electrodes turns out to be wide enough to distinguish heart-rate signals from noises. With the aid of fast Fourier transform, the heart-rate can be extracted reliably, which matches with the one obtained by actually counting heart beats on the wrist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhyung Kim
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea;
| | - Wonho Song
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea;
| | | | - Yuna Kim
- Samsung Display Giheung Campus, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17113, Korea; (Y.K.); (W.P.); (B.Y.)
| | - Wonsang Park
- Samsung Display Giheung Campus, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17113, Korea; (Y.K.); (W.P.); (B.Y.)
| | - Bonghyun You
- Samsung Display Giheung Campus, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17113, Korea; (Y.K.); (W.P.); (B.Y.)
| | - Kibog Park
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea;
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +(82)-052-217-2111
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20
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Gewolb IH, Vice FL. A New, Noninvasive Accelerometric Method for Diagnosing Acid andNon-Acid Gastroesophageal Reflux in Premature Infants: Proof of Concept. J Med Device 2019; 13:0445051-445057. [PMID: 32280407 DOI: 10.1115/1.4044902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-acid reflux is common in premature neonates. Current methods of diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux (GER) such as pH probes, multichannel impedance monitoring, X-rays, or endoscopy are either invasive or unable to diagnose non-acid reflux. Passage of a naso-esophageal tube is uncomfortable. Imaging studies are of short duration and may miss reflux entirely. Herein, we present proof of concept of a noninvasive accelerometric device that detects acid and non-acid reflux in premature infants. An accelerometer was taped over the subxiphoid process in patients suspected of having GER who were already scheduled for pH probe or multichannel impedance monitoring. The largest cohort was preterm infants, but term infants and toddlers were also studied. Low-frequency subaudible signals were obtained on a digital recorder (sampling rate 200 Hz) signals. Fast Fourier transforms graphically displayed the frequency and amplitude of signals. Data were then resampled at a rate of 60 Hz to create a spectrogram with a focused range of 0-30 Hz representing reflux-associated events. Proof of concept was attained through successful comparison with results from concurrent pH probes, multichannel impedance recordings, and ultrasound studies. We have thus validated accelerometry as a noninvasive method for assessing both acid and non-acid GER. The noninvasiveness of this diagnostic modality allows for repeated testing to assess the efficacy of anti-reflux medications, even when patients remain on antacids. This technology allows for more rational management of patients with GER and represents a major advance in the diagnosis and treatment of GER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira H Gewolb
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Frank L Vice
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, MI 48824
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21
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Abstract
We report on the adaptation of a smartphone's rear-facing camera to function as a spectrometer that measures the spectrum of light scattered by common paper-based assay test strips. We utilize a cartridge that enables a linear series of test pads in a single strip to be swiped past the read head of the instrument while the phone's camera records video. The strip is housed in a custom-fabricated cartridge that slides through the instrument to facilitate illumination with white light from the smartphone's flash LED that is directed through an optical fiber. We demonstrate the ability to detect subtle changes in the scattered spectrum that enables quantitative analysis of single-analyte and multi-analyte strips. The demonstrated capability can be applied to broad classes of paper-based assays in which visual observation of colored strips is not sufficiently quantitative, and for which analysis of red-green-blue pixel values of a camera image are not capable of measuring complex scattered spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth V Woodburn
- E. V. Woodburn was with the Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. She is now with the Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Champaign, IL 61820 USA . K. D. Long is with the Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and the College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA . B. T. Cunningham is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Kenneth D Long
- E. V. Woodburn was with the Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. She is now with the Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Champaign, IL 61820 USA . K. D. Long is with the Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and the College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA . B. T. Cunningham is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Brian T Cunningham
- E. V. Woodburn was with the Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. She is now with the Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Champaign, IL 61820 USA . K. D. Long is with the Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and the College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA . B. T. Cunningham is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
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22
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Yan C, Deng W, Jin L, Yang T, Wang Z, Chu X, Su H, Chen J, Yang W. Epidermis-Inspired Ultrathin 3D Cellular Sensor Array for Self-Powered Biomedical Monitoring. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:41070-41075. [PMID: 30398047 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b14514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Sensing devices with wearability would open the door to many advanced applications including soft robotics, artificial intelligence, and healthcare monitoring. Here, inspired by the configuration of the human epidermis, we present a flexible three-dimensional (3D) cellular sensor array (CSA) via a one-step thermally induced phase separation method. The CSA was framed by the 3D cellular electret with caged piezoelectric nanoparticles, which was ultrathin (80 μm), lightweight, and highly robust. For biomedical sensing, the 3D-CSA holds a decent pressure sensitivity up to 0.19 V kPa-1 with a response time of less than 16 ms. Owing to its rigid structural symmetry, the 3D-CSA could be identically operated from its both sides. It was demonstrated to successfully measure the human heartbeat, detect the eyeball motion for sleeping monitoring, and tactile imaging. Mimicking the functionalities of the human skin with a self-powered operation feature, the 3D-CSA was expected to represent a substantial advancement in wearable electronics for healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jun Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
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23
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Ma Y, Zheng Q, Liu Y, Shi B, Xue X, Ji W, Liu Z, Jin Y, Zou Y, An Z, Zhang W, Wang X, Jiang W, Xu Z, Wang ZL, Li Z, Zhang H. Self-Powered, One-Stop, and Multifunctional Implantable Triboelectric Active Sensor for Real-Time Biomedical Monitoring. Nano Lett 2016; 16:6042-6051. [PMID: 27607151 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Operation time of implantable electronic devices is largely constrained by the lifetime of batteries, which have to be replaced periodically by surgical procedures once exhausted, causing physical and mental suffering to patients and increasing healthcare costs. Besides the efficient scavenging of the mechanical energy of internal organs, this study proposes a self-powered, flexible, and one-stop implantable triboelectric active sensor (iTEAS) that can provide continuous monitoring of multiple physiological and pathological signs. As demonstrated in human-scale animals, the device can monitor heart rates, reaching an accuracy of ∼99%. Cardiac arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation and ventricular premature contraction can be detected in real-time. Furthermore, a novel method of monitoring respiratory rates and phases is established by analyzing variations of the output peaks of the iTEAS. Blood pressure can be independently estimated and the velocity of blood flow calculated with the aid of a separate arterial pressure catheter. With the core-shell packaging strategy, monitoring functionality remains excellent during 72 h after closure of the chest. The in vivo biocompatibility of the device is examined after 2 weeks of implantation, proving suitability for practical use. As a multifunctional biomedical monitor that is exempt from needing an external power supply, the proposed iTEAS holds great potential in the future of the healthcare industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Ma
- Institute of Cardiothoracic Surgery at Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Cardiothoracic Surgery at Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Bojin Shi
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xiang Xue
- Institute of Cardiothoracic Surgery at Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Weiping Ji
- Institute of Cardiothoracic Surgery at Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University , Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Yiming Jin
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yang Zou
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University , Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Zhao An
- Institute of Cardiothoracic Surgery at Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Cardiothoracic Surgery at Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zhiyun Xu
- Institute of Cardiothoracic Surgery at Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100083, PR China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Zhou Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Cardiothoracic Surgery at Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433, PR China
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24
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Lantada AD, Bris CG, Morgado PL, Maudes JS. Novel system for bite-force sensing and monitoring based on magnetic near field communication. Sensors (Basel) 2012; 12:11544-58. [PMID: 23112669 DOI: 10.3390/s120911544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Intraoral devices for bite-force sensing have several applications in odontology and maxillofacial surgery, as bite-force measurements provide additional information to help understand the characteristics of bruxism disorders and can also be of help for the evaluation of post-surgical evolution and for comparison of alternative treatments. A new system for measuring human bite forces is proposed in this work. This system has future applications for the monitoring of bruxism events and as a complement for its conventional diagnosis. Bruxism is a pathology consisting of grinding or tight clenching of the upper and lower teeth, which leads to several problems such as lesions to the teeth, headaches, orofacial pain and important disorders of the temporomandibular joint. The prototype uses a magnetic field communication scheme similar to low-frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) technology (NFC). The reader generates a low-frequency magnetic field that is used as the information carrier and powers the sensor. The system is notable because it uses an intra-mouth passive sensor and an external interrogator, which remotely records and processes information regarding a patient's dental activity. This permits a quantitative assessment of bite-force, without requiring intra-mouth batteries, and can provide supplementary information to polysomnographic recordings, current most adequate early diagnostic method, so as to initiate corrective actions before irreversible dental wear appears. In addition to describing the system's operational principles and the manufacture of personalized prototypes, this report will also demonstrate the feasibility of the system and results from the first in vitro and in vivo trials.
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Abstract
The optimal allocation of samples for physical activity detection in a wireless body area network for health-monitoring is considered. The number of biometric samples collected at the mobile device fusion center, from both device-internal and external Bluetooth heterogeneous sensors, is optimized to minimize the transmission power for a fixed number of samples, and to meet a performance requirement defined using the probability of misclassification between multiple hypotheses. A filter-based feature selection method determines an optimal feature set for classification, and a correlated Gaussian model is considered. Using experimental data from overweight adolescent subjects, it is found that allocating a greater proportion of samples to sensors which better discriminate between certain activity levels can result in either a lower probability of error or energy-savings ranging from 18% to 22%, in comparison to equal allocation of samples. The current activity of the subjects and the performance requirements do not significantly affect the optimal allocation, but employing personalized models results in improved energy-efficiency. As the number of samples is an integer, an exhaustive search to determine the optimal allocation is typical, but computationally expensive. To this end, an alternate, continuous-valued vector optimization is derived which yields approximately optimal allocations and can be implemented on the mobile fusion center due to its significantly lower complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Thatte
- Ming Hseih Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA (; ; )
| | - Ming Li
- Ming Hseih Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA (; ; )
| | - Sangwon Lee
- Ming Hseih Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA (; ; )
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