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Elmarsafy SM, Elkwatehy WM, Radi RE, Alhindi AK, Iskandar RM, Salem RA. The Prevalence of Tooth Wear and Their Associated Etiologies Among Adult Subjects Visiting Umm Al-Qura University Dental Clinic in Makkah City, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2024; 16:e59622. [PMID: 38707749 PMCID: PMC11070214 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
In the past two decades, changing trends in socioeconomic status, dietary habits, and individual lifestyles of individuals have led to the emergence of tooth wear as an oral health problem. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and the associated etiologies of tooth wear in a convenience sample of adult patients visiting outpatient clinics of the Faculty of Dentistry at Umm Al-Qura University. This cross-sectional study was conducted on adult patients (18-40 years old) visiting outpatient clinics of the Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University. Two trained examiners visually assessed patients' tooth wear using Smith and Knight's Tooth Wear Index (TWI). Following the clinical examination, patients completed a self-administered questionnaire detailing risk factors such as the frequency of intake of acidic food and medicines, general health, chewing habits, dietary factors, and oral health-associated preventive behaviors. The resulting collected data were tabulated and statistically analyzed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS, version 21; IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Armonk, NY). The total prevalence of tooth wear was 74%, and the recorded mean wear score (TWI) was 0.380 ± 0.386; anterior teeth exhibited greater wear than posterior teeth. Numerous associations were recorded between tooth wear and the tested variables in demographics, habits, diet, and medications, but most of them were not statistically significant. When toothbrushing habits were explored, the only factors to played a significant role in abrading the tooth structure were the type of brush bristles used (P-value = 0.026) and the frequency of brush renewal (P = 0.043). Patients who frequently ate citrus fruits and other acidic foods recorded high wear scores (0.509 ± 0.311 and 0.508 ± 0.402, respectively), although the difference was not statistically significant. When chewing occurred on both sides of the mouth, less tooth wear was recorded than if chewing was on the right or left side only (0.371 ± 0.260, 0.422 ± 0.273, and 0.520 ± 0.419, respectively). The study data support an association between tooth wear and patient occupation, use of hard-bristled and new toothbrushes, eating of citrus and other acidic food, and chewing on one side, as all of these factors increased the risk of tooth wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar M Elmarsafy
- Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
- Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EGY
| | - Wahdan M Elkwatehy
- Dental Public Health and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, EGY
| | - Rehab E Radi
- Dentistry, King Faisal Hospital Makkah, Makkah, SAU
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Merle DA, Heidinger A, Horwath-Winter J, List W, Bauer H, Weissensteiner M, Kraus-Füreder P, Mayrhofer-Reinhartshuber M, Kainz P, Steinwender G, Wedrich A. Automated Measurement and Three-Dimensional Fitting of Corneal Ulcerations and Erosions via AI-Based Image Analysis. Curr Eye Res 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38689527 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2344197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Artificial intelligence (AI)-tools hold great potential to compensate for missing resources in health-care systems but often fail to be implemented in clinical routine. Intriguingly, no-code and low-code technologies allow clinicians to develop Artificial intelligence (AI)-tools without requiring in-depth programming knowledge. Clinician-driven projects allow to adequately identify and address real clinical needs and, therefore, hold superior potential for clinical implementation. In this light, this study aimed for the clinician-driven development of a tool capable of measuring corneal lesions relative to total corneal surface area and eliminating inaccuracies in two-dimensional measurements by three-dimensional fitting of the corneal surface. METHODS Standard slit-lamp photographs using a blue-light filter after fluorescein instillation taken during clinical routine were used to train a fully convolutional network to automatically detect the corneal white-to-white distance, the total fluorescent area and the total erosive area. Based on these values, the algorithm calculates the affected area relative to total corneal surface area and fits the area on a three-dimensional representation of the corneal surface. RESULTS The developed algorithm reached dice scores >0.9 for an automated measurement of the relative lesion size. Furthermore, only 25% of conventional manual measurements were within a ± 10% range of the ground truth. CONCLUSIONS The developed algorithm is capable of reliably providing exact values for corneal lesion sizes. Additionally, three-dimensional modeling of the corneal surface is essential for an accurate measurement of lesion sizes. Besides telemedicine applications, this approach harbors great potential for clinical trials where exact quantitative and observer-independent measurements are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Merle
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department for Ophthalmology, University Eye Clinic, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Department for Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Astrid Heidinger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Wolfgang List
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Heimo Bauer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andreas Wedrich
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Dhaliwal G, Ouanounou A. Tooth surface loss: causes, management and prevention. Quintessence Int 2024; 0:0. [PMID: 38634628 DOI: 10.3290/j.qi.b5223649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tooth wear (TW), also referred to as tooth surface loss (TSL), occurs due to causes other than caries. This involves the loss of hard tissues, namely enamel, dentin and/or cementum. Types of TW/TSL are abrasion, abfraction, attrition and erosion. These multifactorial conditions can be caused things such as lifestyle, diet or even habits and may not be symptomatic. The focus of this article is to provide clinicians with detailed examples and explanations of the causes of tooth loss to aid in early diagnosis. Through early identification, the preventive measures outlined can be implemented to avoid excessive TW. The provision of a treatment flowchart and general treatment recommendations aims to help clinicians determine when to restore these lesions and the most appropriate treatment measures for the 4 types of wear. MATERIALS AND METHODS The PubMed (MEDLINE) search engine was used to gather information on TW restricted to a five-year period (26 August 2018 - 25 July 2022). Only English-language studies and reviews with the best balance of sensitivity and specificity were considered. A Boolean search of the PubMed dataset was implemented to combine a range of keywords: ("tooth wear" OR tooth attrition OR tooth erosion OR tooth abrasion OR tooth abfraction). Additional articles were also selected through Google Scholar. RESULTS By this process, many articles and studies were obtained, and the 48 most relevant published studies were chosen and used in the current review. The selected articles are in the reference list. CONCLUSION TW affects an increasing number of individuals and can have detrimental effects physically, mentally and emotionally. It is important to stress early diagnosis and management of tooth wear through monitoring, prevention and treatment where indicated.
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Giraudon T, Morvan Y, Walch A, Walch G, Werthel JD. Premorbid glenoid anatomy reconstruction from contralateral shoulder 3-dimensional measurements: a computed tomography scan analysis of 260 shoulders. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2024; 33:792-797. [PMID: 37852431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) aims to reconstruct the premorbid anatomy of a pathologic shoulder. A healthy contralateral shoulder could be useful as a template in planning TSA. The symmetry between the left and right shoulders in healthy patients remains to be proved. The purpose of this study was to compare the 3-dimensional anatomy of the glenoid between sides in a healthy population. METHODS A multinational computed tomography scan database was retrospectively reviewed for all healthy bilateral shoulders in patients aged between 18 and 50 years. One hundred thirty pairs of healthy shoulder computed tomography scans were analyzed, and glenoid version, inclination, width, and height, as well as glenoid lateral offset and scapula lateral offset, were measured. All anatomic measures were computed with Blueprint, validated 3-dimensional planning software. The intraclass correlation coefficient was determined for each measure between left and right shoulders. The minimal detectable change (MDC) was calculated using the following formula: MDC=2×1.96×Standarderrorofmeasurement. RESULTS The comparison between 130 pairs of healthy scapulae showed statistically significant differences in absolute values between right and left glenoid version (-5.3° vs. -4.6°, P < .01), inclination (8.4° vs. 9.3°, P < .01), and width (25.6 mm vs. 25.4 mm, P < .01), as well as scapula offset (105.8 mm vs. 106.2 mm, P < .01). Glenoid height was comparable between right and left shoulders (33.3 mm vs. 33.3 mm, P = .9). The differences between the means were always inferior to the MDC regarding glenoid version, inclination, height, and width, as well as scapula offset. Very strong intraclass correlation coefficients between the left and right shoulders were found for all evaluated paired measures. CONCLUSION Healthy contralateral scapulae are highly reliable to predict inclination, height, width, and scapula offset and are reliable to predict version of a given scapula. Paired right and left scapulae were not statistically symmetrical regarding mean glenoid version, inclination, and width, as well as scapula offset. Nevertheless, the reported differences were not higher than the MDC for this cohort, confirming that healthy contralateral shoulders can be a useful template in TSA preoperative planning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arnaud Walch
- Hôpital Pierre Zobda-Quitman, Fort-de-France, France
| | - Gilles Walch
- Ramsay Générale de Santé, Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, Centre Orthopédique Santy, Lyon, France
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Kumar R, Rezapourian M, Rahmani R, Maurya HS, Kamboj N, Hussainova I. Bioinspired and Multifunctional Tribological Materials for Sliding, Erosive, Machining, and Energy-Absorbing Conditions: A Review. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:209. [PMID: 38667221 PMCID: PMC11048303 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9040209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Friction, wear, and the consequent energy dissipation pose significant challenges in systems with moving components, spanning various domains, including nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS/MEMS) and bio-MEMS (microrobots), hip prostheses (biomaterials), offshore wind and hydro turbines, space vehicles, solar mirrors for photovoltaics, triboelectric generators, etc. Nature-inspired bionic surfaces offer valuable examples of effective texturing strategies, encompassing various geometric and topological approaches tailored to mitigate frictional effects and related functionalities in various scenarios. By employing biomimetic surface modifications, for example, roughness tailoring, multifunctionality of the system can be generated to efficiently reduce friction and wear, enhance load-bearing capacity, improve self-adaptiveness in different environments, improve chemical interactions, facilitate biological interactions, etc. However, the full potential of bioinspired texturing remains untapped due to the limited mechanistic understanding of functional aspects in tribological/biotribological settings. The current review extends to surface engineering and provides a comprehensive and critical assessment of bioinspired texturing that exhibits sustainable synergy between tribology and biology. The successful evolving examples from nature for surface/tribological solutions that can efficiently solve complex tribological problems in both dry and lubricated contact situations are comprehensively discussed. The review encompasses four major wear conditions: sliding, solid-particle erosion, machining or cutting, and impact (energy absorbing). Furthermore, it explores how topographies and their design parameters can provide tailored responses (multifunctionality) under specified tribological conditions. Additionally, an interdisciplinary perspective on the future potential of bioinspired materials and structures with enhanced wear resistance is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate Tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia; (M.R.); (H.S.M.); (N.K.); (I.H.)
| | - Mansoureh Rezapourian
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate Tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia; (M.R.); (H.S.M.); (N.K.); (I.H.)
| | - Ramin Rahmani
- CiTin–Centro de Interface Tecnológico Industrial, 4970-786 Arcos de Valdevez, Portugal;
- proMetheus–Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo (IPVC), 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
| | - Himanshu S. Maurya
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate Tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia; (M.R.); (H.S.M.); (N.K.); (I.H.)
- Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Nikhil Kamboj
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate Tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia; (M.R.); (H.S.M.); (N.K.); (I.H.)
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland
- TCBC–Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre, Department of Biomaterials Science, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Irina Hussainova
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate Tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia; (M.R.); (H.S.M.); (N.K.); (I.H.)
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Dioguardi M, Spirito F, Lo Muzio E, Sovereto D, Ballini A, Alovisi M, Toto GA, Lo Muzio L, Di Cosola M. Investigation of the presence of Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) in ancient adult skulls: analyzing data from prehistoric and historical samples through a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:370. [PMID: 38519922 PMCID: PMC10958943 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04154-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Historically, the prevalence of caries has undergone significant changes, particularly increasing with the industrialization of sugar consumption. When examining ancient populations, lower caries rates are discovered, attributed in part to dietary factors. These populations consumed abrasive foods, leading to occlusal wear and reduced non-axial occlusal forces, potentially influencing Non-Carious Cervical Lesions (NCCLs). Although some attribute NCCLs to abfraction, the mechanism remains debated. This systematic review aims to evaluate the presence of NCCLs in ancient populations, shedding light on the factors contributing to their occurrence. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present systematic review was registered on PROSPERO, and the manuscript was prepared following PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS After the literature search and article screening, data from 6 studies were included in the meta-analysis, with only 2 reporting NCCLs in ancient skulls, encopassing 17 subjects in 805 examined skulls, suggesting their presence even before the widespread use of toothbrushes. This finding indicates a potential etiopathogenic mechanism linked to abfraction, but the cause is complex and involves abrasive and erosive factors closely tied to dietary habits. CONCLUSIONS In summary, NCCLs were present in ancient populations, albeit with a much lower prevalence. Their occurrence cannot be solely attributed to wear mechanisms but must be connected to abrasive factors related to diet or practices with religious and cultural significance, such as the use of labrets. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Th the knowledge of NCCLs presence in acient sculls is crucial today for better understand the associated risk factors. In this context, the analysis of ancient skulls allows us to discern the role that tooth brushing and diet played in the formation of NCCLs, over the past century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Dioguardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, Foggia, 71122, Italy.
| | - Francesca Spirito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, Foggia, 71122, Italy
| | - Eleonora Lo Muzio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, Foggia, 71122, Italy
| | - Diego Sovereto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, Foggia, 71122, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, Foggia, 71122, Italy
| | - Mario Alovisi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, 10127, Italy
| | - Giusi Antonia Toto
- Department of Humanities, Letters, Cultural Heritage, Educational Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, 71122, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lo Muzio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, Foggia, 71122, Italy
| | - Michele Di Cosola
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, Foggia, 71122, Italy
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Satou R, Sugihara N. In Vitro Risk Assessment of Dental Acid Erosion Caused by Long-Term Exposure to Oral Liquid Bandages. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:70. [PMID: 38534294 DOI: 10.3390/dj12030070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral mucosa inflammation can cause severe pain and interfere with eating, reducing quality of life. However, few options for self-care are available. An oral liquid bandage forms a protective film over the affected area. We aimed to assess the acid erosion risk when a newly developed oral liquid bandage (ORAPLA) is accidentally deposited on teeth and to examine the relative acid erosion risk at multiple time points of the maximum recommended duration of continuous use. ORAPLA was applied to both enamel and dentin blocks from 45 bovine anterior mandibular teeth, and an acid challenge was performed in a simulated oral cavity with artificial saliva, with one exposure cycle lasting 6 h. The enamel showed substantial defects and a decrease in Vickers hardness after nine cycles, with no change in surface roughness. Dentin showed an increase in parenchymal defects and surface roughness and a trend toward decreased Vickers hardness with increasing exposure time. We found no significant acid corrosion in enamel after up to nine times the upper limit of normal use time or in dentin after up to six times the upper limit. We conclude that the acid erosion risk due to accidental attachment to teeth is low, and in the human oral cavity with salivary buffering and remineralization, likely even lower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryouichi Satou
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Naoki Sugihara
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
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Marchan S, Ollivierra E, Diaz A, Santo R. Case Report: Case report: Rapidly progressing tooth wear dominated by intrinsic and extrinsic erosion. F1000Res 2024; 12:1550. [PMID: 38476971 PMCID: PMC10928413 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.142183.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Tooth wear is multi-factorial presenting as a combination of abrasion, attrition, and erosion. This case report represents a case of combined tooth wear in a 46-year-old Indo-Trinidadian male, with a predominant erosive component with both the clinical signs and features of intrinsic and extrinsic erosion. This patient case is unique since the wear predominated by dental erosion has occurred rapidly evidenced by the physical clinical appearance of a lack of compensation and the upper left premolars and molars relatively unaffected by the overall effects of tooth wear. This lack of compensation, where opposing teeth have not supra-erupted to maintain inter-arch stability, and the maintenance of occlusal vertical dimension on the left due to the non-worn posterior maxillary teeth, provides the benefit of simplifying subsequent restorative management. The medical and diet history corroborates the diagnoses of intrinsic and extrinsic erosion respectively. Complications noted with rapid tooth wear, such as dentine sensitivity and pulpal necrosis are known sequelae of tooth wear however the patient presented in this case report shows a concomitant high caries experience and poor oral hygiene. Cases such as the one presented here require not only comprehensive dental management, utilizing a restorative approach but also medical referral for confirmation of a diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Inherent to the management of this patient should be a multidisciplinary medical and dental approach, with confirmation and management of the cause of the intrinsic erosion as well as restorative dental management, together with dietary counseling to mitigate the effect of intrinsic and extrinsic sources of acid on dental hard tissue. A key lesson learned from this case is the importance of history and targeted questioning when trying to determine the cause of tooth wear dominated by intrinsic and extrinsic erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivaughn Marchan
- The University of the West Indies at St Augustine, Saint Augustine, Tunapuna/Piarco Municipal Corporation, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Estévan Ollivierra
- The University of the West Indies at St Augustine, Saint Augustine, Tunapuna/Piarco Municipal Corporation, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Alexa Diaz
- The University of the West Indies at St Augustine, Saint Augustine, Tunapuna/Piarco Municipal Corporation, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Rochard Santo
- The University of the West Indies at St Augustine, Saint Augustine, Tunapuna/Piarco Municipal Corporation, Trinidad and Tobago
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McGeown C, Hester D, OBrien EJ, Kim CW, Fitzgerald P, Pakrashi V. Condition Monitoring of Railway Bridges Using Vehicle Pitch to Detect Scour. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:1684. [PMID: 38475220 DOI: 10.3390/s24051684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
This study proposes the new condition monitoring concept of using features in the measured rotation, or 'pitch' signal, of a crossing vehicle as an indicator of the presence of foundation scour in a bridge. The concept is explored through two-dimensional vehicle-bridge interaction modelling, with a reduction in stiffness under a pier used to represent the effects of scour. A train consisting of three 10-degree-of-freedom carriages cross the model on a profiled train track, each train varying slightly in terms of mass and velocity. An analysis of the pitch of the train carriages can clearly identify when scour is present. The concept is further tested in a scaled laboratory experiment consisting of a tractor-trailer crossing a four-span simply supported bridge on piers. The foundation support is represented by four springs under each pier, which can be replaced with springs of a reduced stiffness to mimic the effect of scour. The laboratory model also consistently shows a divergence in vehicle pitch between healthy and scoured bridge states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire McGeown
- School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Hester
- School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AJ, UK
| | - Eugene J OBrien
- School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Chul-Woo Kim
- Department of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615 8540, Japan
| | - Paul Fitzgerald
- School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Vikram Pakrashi
- UCD Centre for Mechanics, Dynamical Systems and Risk Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- SFI Centre for Energy, Climate and Marine Research and Innovation (MaREI), University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
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Bhushan G, Simmers J, Flamm A. Presence of bacteria in psoriatic lesions: A retrospective cohort study. JAAD Int 2024; 14:24-25. [PMID: 38054198 PMCID: PMC10694571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdin.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexandra Flamm
- Department of Dermatology, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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Ambeth N, Irudayaraj N, Sakthi N, Lakshmaiah D, Kadandale S, Ramachandran A. A Comparative Evaluation of Surface Properties of Cention N and TiO2-Enriched Cention N After Brushing Simulation and Erosive Challenge: An In Vitro Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e57048. [PMID: 38681379 PMCID: PMC11050732 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to evaluate and compare the abrasive and erosive wear resistance of Cention N and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticle-enriched Cention N after three years of brushing simulation. Methodology A total of 48 freshly extracted mandibular molars were mounted in acrylic blocks and divided into two groups of 24 molars based on the type of restorative material used to restore them. Cavities of a standardized size were prepared. Group A was restored with Cention N, and group B was restored with 5% TiO2-enriched Cention N. Each group was further divided into three subgroups of eight. Subgroup 1 was the control subgroup. Subgroup 2 was the abrasive subgroup, subjected to the abrasive challenge in a brushing stimulator with 30,000 cycles to 10,000 cycles in the linear X-axis and Y-axis each and another 10,000 cycles divided into 5,000 cycles clockwise and 5,000 cycles anticlockwise. The total number of brushing cycles was equal to three years of brushing with a duration of eight to nine hours. Subgroup 3 was the erosive and abrasive subgroup, subjected to an erosive pH cycle consisting of exposure to Coca‑Cola for five minutes thrice a day for seven days, and then subjected to brushing simulation as above. After the surface treatment, specimens were subjected to the Vickers microhardness test using a diamond indenter and the surface roughness test using an optical profilometer. The resulting values were subjected to statistical analysis. Results There was a significant decrease in mean surface roughness in group B, where TiO2 nanoparticles were added after erosive challenge and brushing simulation, than in group A. There was an increase in mean microhardness in group B which was not significant. Conclusions With the addition of 5% TiO2 to Cention N, there was a significant reduction in surface roughness. The surface microhardness of Cention N containing 5% TiO2 increased non-significantly compared to the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivetha Ambeth
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chennai, IND
| | - Nancy Irudayaraj
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chennai, IND
| | - Nikesh Sakthi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chennai, IND
| | - Deepika Lakshmaiah
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chennai, IND
| | - Sadasiva Kadandale
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chennai, IND
| | - Anupama Ramachandran
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chennai, IND
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Lehuen A, Orvain F. A cockle-induced bioturbation model and its impact on sediment erodibility: A meta-analysis. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:168936. [PMID: 38043823 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Modelling the dynamics of an estuary and the evolution of its morphology requires a process-based description not only of the physical processes, but also of the influence of benthic fauna on sediment characteristics at ecosystem scale. A meta-analysis was tested as an approach for modelling the effect of bioturbation exerted by the cockle Cerastoderma edule on sediment erodibility. Six different erosion flume datasets were collected to ensure a broad range of experimental conditions including bed shear stress, population characteristics, and sediment composition. First, a model was built to describe the biogenic fluff layer created by C. edule activity in relation to (i) bioturbation activity using the population metabolic rate [mW·m-2] as a proxy for faunal metabolic energy, and (ii) the silt content [%] of the sediment. Second, different erosion models were compared by testing parameterization steps incorporating both erosion of the fluff layer and/or mass erosion of the sediment bed. Structural differences in the flumes and in the preparation of samples in the six different datasets makes it difficult to propose a single model that satisfactorily simulates all the data and encompasses both types of subsequent erosion, that of the fluff layer and that of the underlying consolidated bed. However, a generic model is proposed for the surficial fluff layer erosion covering a moderate range of bed shear stress (<1 Pa). This study shows that including several datasets covering a wide range of environmental conditions is a key to the robustness of this model, and that new insights can be gained by integrating the complexity of sediment features. We expect that this two-part model can be used in broad contexts in terms of cockle populations, estuarine habitats, and climatic conditions and can combined with various hydro-morpho-sedimentary models that include these biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Lehuen
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA) Université de Caen Normandie UNICAEN, Sorbonne Université, MNHN, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UA, CNRS 8067, IRD, Esplanade de la paix, F-14032 Caen, France.
| | - Francis Orvain
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA) Université de Caen Normandie UNICAEN, Sorbonne Université, MNHN, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UA, CNRS 8067, IRD, Esplanade de la paix, F-14032 Caen, France
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Takada M, Hamamoto M, Yagyu H. Effect of a Photolithography Polymer Mask's Dynamic Viscoelasticity on Microchannel Cross-Sectional Shapes of Glass Processed by Micropowder Blasting. Micromachines (Basel) 2024; 15:256. [PMID: 38398983 PMCID: PMC10892629 DOI: 10.3390/mi15020256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a micropowder blasting system with varying processing temperatures was proposed to control the cross-sectional shape of a channel processed on a glass substrate. Based on an analysis of the processing temperature-dependence of the dynamic viscoelastic properties of a commercial mask material for micropowder blasting, a processing temperature control system that can be installed in a micropowder blasting machine was designed. The erosion of the mask during micropowder blasting depended on the loss tangent in dynamic viscoelasticity, and showed a maximum value at a processing temperature of 100 °C. Moreover, we confirmed that the maximum decrease in the width of the processed microchannel was 30 µm (12%) by mask erosion, and this change was large compared with the maximum change in the thickness of the eroded mask. These results clarified that varying the processing temperature using a mask could control the cross-section of the processed line pattern profile on glass, and a small-width channel was realized at a processing temperature of 109 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hiromasa Yagyu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kanto Gakuin University, Yokohama 236-8501, Japan
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14
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Chen JM, Cheng YL, Yang MH, Su C, Yu H. Enhancing the inhibition of dental erosion and abrasion with quercetin-encapsulated hollow mesoporous silica nanocomposites. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1343329. [PMID: 38405377 PMCID: PMC10885352 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1343329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Dental erosion and abrasion pose significant clinical challenges, often leading to exposed dentinal tubules and dentine demineralization. The aim of this study was to analyse the efficacy of quercetin-encapsulated hollow mesoporous silica nanocomposites (Q@HMSNs) on the prevention of dentine erosion and abrasion. Method: Q@HMSNs were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for their biocompatibility. A total of 130 dentine specimens (2 mm × 2 mm × 2 mm) were prepared and randomly distributed into 5 treatment groups (n = 26): DW (deionized water, negative control), NaF (12.3 mg/mL sodium fluoride, positive control), Q (300 μg/mL quercetin), HMSN (5.0 mg/mL HMSNs), and Q@HMSN (5.0 mg/mL Q@HMSNs). All groups were submitted to in vitro erosive (4 cycles/d) and abrasive (2 cycles/d) challenges for 7 days. The specimens in the DW, NaF, and Q groups were immersed in the respective solutions for 2 min, while treatment was performed for 30 s in the HMSN and Q@HMSN groups. Subsequently, the specimens were subjected to additional daily erosion/abrasion cycles for another 7 days. The effects of the materials on dentinal tubule occlusion and demineralized organic matrix (DOM) preservation were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The penetration depth of rhodamine B fluorescein into the etched dentine was assessed using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The erosive dentine loss (EDL) and release of type I collagen telopeptide (ICTP) were measured. The data were analysed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post hoc Tukey's test (α = 0.05). Results: Q@HMSNs were successfully synthesized and showed minimal toxicity to human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs) and gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). Q@HMSNs effectively occluded the dentinal tubules, resulting in a thicker DOM in the Q@HMSN group. The CLSM images showed more superficial penetration in the HMSN and Q@HMSN groups than in the quercetin, NaF, and DW groups. The Q@HMSN group exhibited a significantly lower EDL and reduced ICTP levels compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Q@HMSNs hold promise for inhibiting dentine erosion and abrasion by promoting tubule occlusion and DOM preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Min Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial and Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ling Cheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial and Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meng-Hui Yang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial and Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chen Su
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial and Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial and Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Clinic for Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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15
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Banakhevych R, Akymova K, Pariienko K, Nechaiev V. Prevention of complications of surgical treatment of stage III-IV cystocele using light polypropylene mesh. Urologia 2024; 91:212-219. [PMID: 37606212 DOI: 10.1177/03915603231193059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of study was to report the subjective and objective results of different methods of surgical treatment of cystocele using the transvaginal Mesh-system. METHODOLOGY A prospective study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2020 comparing anterior colporrhaphy with vaginal mesh and two distinct types of vaginal wall repair sutures in the surgical treatment of cystocele. The primary endpoint was the incidence rate of vaginal wall erosion complications 12 months after surgery. Secondary endpoints were anatomic outcomes, TVM-related morbidity, and patient satisfaction measured using validated questionnaires. RESULTS In total, 102 patients with stage III-IV cystocele and the average age of 67.2 ± 3.1 years (age range of 47-79 years old) took part in the study. Of the 102 women initially enrolled, 102 (100%) were successfully followed up 12 months after primary surgery. The primary result, the objective erosion development, was radically different in the comparison groups (1.6% against 23.5%, respectively). Analysis of the improved method of operative treatment showed a prominent level of positive, uncomplicated, surgery results of 98.4% (60/61). The anatomic success rate of recovery from cystocele was 99.9% (101/102) 12 months after surgery. CONCLUSION The suggested method of restoring the anterior vaginal wall in stage III-IV isolated cystocele without signs of incomplete and complete prolapse of the uterus showed a radically positive result. The number of complications was relatively high in the comparison group, but no difference was observed in satisfaction with the anatomical results of the surgery. The percentage of the vaginal wall erosion when using a single-layer suture is 23.5%, when using a two-layer suture is 1.6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Banakhevych
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dnipro State Medical University, Dnipro, Ukraine
| | - Klavdiia Akymova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dnipro State Medical University, Dnipro, Ukraine
| | - Kateryna Pariienko
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dnipro State Medical University, Dnipro, Ukraine
| | - Vsevolod Nechaiev
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Dnipro State Medical University, Dnipro, Ukraine
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Nardelli AE, Visch W, Farrington G, Sanderson JC, Bellgrove A, Wright JT, Macleod C, Hurd CL. Primary production of the kelp Lessonia corrugata varies with season and water motion: Implications for coastal carbon cycling. J Phycol 2024; 60:102-115. [PMID: 37966712 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Kelp forests provide vital ecosystem services such as carbon storage and cycling, and understanding primary production dynamics regarding seasonal and spatial variations is essential. We conducted surveys at three sites in southeast Tasmania, Australia, that had different levels of water motion, across four seasons to determine seasonal primary production and carbon storage as living biomass for kelp beds of Lessonia corrugata (Order Laminariales). We quantified blade growth, erosion rates, and the variation in population density and estimated both the net biomass accumulation (NBA) per square meter and the carbon standing stock. We observed a significant difference in blade growth and erosion rates between seasons and sites. Spring had the highest growth rate (0.02 g C · blade-1 · d-1 ) and NBA (1.62 g C · m-2 · d-1 ), while summer had the highest blade erosion (0.01 g C · blade-1 · d-1 ), with a negative NBA (-1.18 g C · m-2 · d-1 ). Sites exhibiting lower blade erosion rates demonstrated notably greater NBA than sites with elevated erosion rates. The sites with the highest water motion had the slowest erosion rates. Moreover, the most wave-exposed site had the densest populations, resulting in the highest NBA and a greater standing stock. Our results reveal a strong seasonal and water motion influence on carbon dynamics in L. corrugata populations. This knowledge is important for understanding the dynamics of the carbon cycle in coastal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson E Nardelli
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Wouter Visch
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Glenn Farrington
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | | | - Alecia Bellgrove
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin Marine Research and Innovation Centre, Deakin University, Warrnambool, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeffrey T Wright
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Catriona Macleod
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Catriona L Hurd
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Hou W, Zheng X, Chen X, Cai W, Wang C, Su Z, Zhao J. Application of digital technology in the repair of functional and aesthetic defects in patients with acid erosion and severe attrition: a case report. Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 42:111-120. [PMID: 38475959 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2023.2023130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Noncarious lesions, a multifactorial condition encompassing tooth attrition, abrasion, and erosion, have a surge in prevalence and required increased attention in clinical practice. These nonbacterial-associated tooth defects can compromise aesthetics, phonetics, and masticatory functions. When providing full-arch fixed occlusal rehabilitation for such cases, the treatment strategy should extend beyond by restoring dentition morphology and aesthetics. This report details a complex case of erosive dental wear addressed through a fully digital, full-arch fixed occlusal rehabilitation. A 4D virtual patient was created using multiple digital data sources, including intraoral scanning, 3D facial scanning, digital facebow registration, and mandibular movement tracing. With a comprehensive understanding of the masticatory system, various types of microinvasive prostheses were customized for each tooth, including labial veneers, buccal-occlusal veneers, occlusal veneers, overlays, inlays, and full crowns, were customized for each tooth. The reported digital workflow offered a predictable diagnostic and treatment strategy, which was facilitated by virtual visualization and comprehensive quality control throughout the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Hou
- Dept. of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xuhong Zheng
- Dental Laboratory, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Dental Digital Center, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Weiliang Cai
- Dental Digital Center, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Chaoyang Wang
- Dept. of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Zhiwei Su
- Dept. of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Dept. of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
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Rabelo CS, de Oliveira JMR, Leal IDC, Costa FDMLL, Ricardo NMPS, Passos VF. The potential of galactomannan from Caesalpinia ferrea on erosive dentin wear reduction in vitro. Braz Dent J 2023; 34:72-78. [PMID: 38133475 PMCID: PMC10759959 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202305508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Gels containing juca seed galactomannan (JSG) were evaluated for their potential to prevent the progression of dentin erosive wear in an in vitro study with four experimental groups (n = 9). The treatments included distilled water (DW), 0.05% stannous fluoride (121 ppm F), and 0.5% or 1% JSG. The specimens underwent a cycle (3 times/day) consisting of immersion in 1% citric acid (5 minutes), treatment (5 minutes), and artificial saliva exposure (2 hours/overnight) for 5 days. Surface changes were assessed using mechanical profilometry (wear), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-test (p < 0.05). The negative control group exhibited the highest wear (6.0 µm ± 3.5), significantly differing from the group treated with 0.05% stannous fluoride gel (p = 0.007), which showed less dentin loss. The groups treated with 0.5% and 1% JSG showed results similar to the negative control (p = 0.661; p = 0.212, respectively) and the stannous fluoride group (p = 0.103; p = 0.379, respectively). In the SEM images, the specimen treated with stannous fluoride showed obliterated tubules, while the JSG gels formed crystals on the dentin surface, as confirmed by the presence of oxygen and calcium in the EDS analysis. Although the JSG gels showed similar results to the stannous fluoride, did not exhibit superior efficacy at the tested concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cibele Sales Rabelo
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, School of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Isabelly de Carvalho Leal
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, School of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vanara Florêncio Passos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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Seo SY, Lee ST, Kim SK, Chun HJ, Song GA, Lee DH, Kim JJ, Kim JI, Lee YC, Kim TN, Jee SR, Park SY, Kim JG, Park JJ, Kim SG, Park JM, Park JH, Park SJ, Lee OY. Efficacy and safety of CKD-495 in acute and chronic gastritis: A Phase III superiority clinical trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35926. [PMID: 38065906 PMCID: PMC10713194 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the availability of numerous treatment options, many patients with gastritis experience only partial symptom relief. CKD-495, a newly developed product with the active ingredient extracted from Cinnamomum cassia Presl., has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity in vitro and an in vivo protective effect against gastric damage by stimulating mucus secretion. This study compared the efficacy and safety of CKD-495 with Artemisiae argyi folium (AAF) for the treatment of acute and chronic gastritis. AAF, a gastric mucosa protective agent that promotes gastric mucosa regeneration, has been used clinically for about 20 years. METHODS This phase III multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group trial (ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT04255589) assigned 242 patients with endoscopically-proven gastric mucosal erosions to receive CKD-495 75 mg (n = 122) or AAF 60 mg (n = 120), respectively, with placebo (for double-blind purposes) 3 times a day for 2 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was the erosion improvement rate. Secondary endpoints included erosion cure rates, and improvement rates for edema, redness, hemorrhage, and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Drug-related adverse events were evaluated. RESULTS The erosion improvement rate was significantly higher in the CKD-495 group than in the AAF group for both the full analysis set (55.9% vs 39.4%, P = .0063) and per-protocol set (54.6% vs 38.2%, P = .0084). In addition, the erosion improvement rate in patients with acute or chronic gastritis showed that the CKD-495 group had better improvement of erosion than the AAF group, especially in patients with chronic gastritis. Analysis of secondary endpoints, which included erosion cure rate and the improvement rates of edema, redness, hemorrhage, and GI symptoms, showed that the CKD-495 group was more effective than the AAF group. There were no significant between-group differences in safety profiles. No serious adverse events or adverse drug reactions occurred. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that CKD-495 75 mg is superior to AAF 60 mg in terms of the endoscopic improvement rate of erosions in patients with acute or chronic gastritis. This new mucoprotective agent, CKD-495, can be considered the therapy of choice for symptomatic relief and healing of gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Young Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Soo Teik Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Sung Kook Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hoon Jai Chun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geun Am Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Dong Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoungnam Korea
| | - Jae Jun Kim
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Il Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Chan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Nyeun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sam Ryong Jee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Seon-Young Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jae Gyu Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Jae Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Gyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Myung Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Ho Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin Jung Park
- Chong Kun Dang Research Institute, Chong Kun Dang Pharmaceutical Corporation, Seoul, Korea
| | - Oh Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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20
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Klein M, Klein J, Flade J, Großmann D, Türkowsky D, O'Connor I, Spycher S, Reichenberger S, Sittig S, Multsch S, Thomas K. Risk mitigation measures for pesticide runoff: How effective are they? Pest Manag Sci 2023; 79:4897-4905. [PMID: 37515756 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most important sources of pesticide pollution of surface waters is runoff and erosion from agricultural fields after rainfall. This study analyses the efficacy of different risk mitigation measures to reduce pesticide runoff and erosion inputs into surface waters from arable land excluding rice fields. RESULTS Three groups of risk mitigation measures were quantitatively analyzed: vegetative filter strips, micro-dams in row crops and soil conservation measures. Their effectiveness was evaluated based on a meta-analysis of available experimental data using statistical methods such as classification and regression trees, and exploratory data analysis. Results confirmed the effectiveness of vegetative filter strips and micro-dams. Contrary to common assumption, the width of vegetative filter strips alone is not sufficient to predict their effectiveness. The effectiveness of soil conservation measures (especially mulch-tillage) varied widely. This was in part due to the heterogeneity of the available experimental data, probably resulting from the inconsistent implementation and the inadequate definitions of these measures. CONCLUSION Both vegetative filter strips and micro-dams are effective and suitable, and can therefore be recommended for quantitative assessment of environmental pesticide exposure in surface waters. However, the processes of infiltration and sedimentation in vegetative filter strips should be simulated with a mechanistic model like Vegetative Filter Strip Modeling System, VFSMOD. The reduction effect of micro-dams can be modelled by reducing the runoff curve number, e.g., in the pesticide root zone model, PRZM. Soil conservation measures are in principle promising, but further well-documented data are needed to determine under which conditions they are effective. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jens Flade
- Umweltbundesamt, Dessau-Rosslau, Germany
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21
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Basiri A, Zahir M. Successful re-implantation of eroded penile prostheses: Report of two cases and review of the literature. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e8365. [PMID: 38144262 PMCID: PMC10740338 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.8365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Prompt removal of eroded penile prostheses is recommended in most cases. However, saving and reimplanting eroded implants may be considered in patients without signs of sepsis, local infection or necrosis during preoperative evaluations and surgical exploration. Notably, close postoperative surveillance is crucial in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Basiri
- Urology and Nephrology Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Erfan HospitalTehranIran
| | - Mazyar Zahir
- Urology and Nephrology Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Khan R, Wieczorowski M, Damjanović D, Karim MR, Alnaser IA. Erosion-Corrosion Failure Analysis of a Mild Steel Nozzle Pipe in Water-Sand Flow. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:7084. [PMID: 38005014 PMCID: PMC10672671 DOI: 10.3390/ma16227084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Several leaks appeared in a mild steel (MS) pipe jet nozzle installed in a direct impact test rig after a few months of operation in erosive flow at the Centre for Erosion-Corrosion Research. The locations of perforation leaks were primarily upstream, but severe wall thinning was also noticed adjacent to the exit section. In this paper, a failure analysis was carried out on the leaking of a pipe jet nozzle, and the results are discussed in detail. The investigation carried out includes visual observation, scanning electron microscopy, 3D scanning, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and laser profilometry measurements. In addition, numerical simulations based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and the discrete phase model (DPM) were conducted to investigate the root cause of the failure of leaks in the pipe jet nozzle. Further CFD-DPM simulations were performed on three different pipe jet designs for liquid-solid flow conditions, and were compared to find an alternative design to prevent the failure of the pipe jet nozzles. It was found that the increase in turbulence along with multiple impacts of particles on the wall generate leaks and cracks in the pipe jet nozzle. Moreover, the CFD-DPM showed a five-fold reduction in the maximum erosion rate; this was observed in the replacement of failed pipes with the proposed alternative nozzle pipe design featuring a chamfer reducer section. The CFD-DPM analysis of all geometric configurations showed that alteration of reducer section design has the greatest impact on erosive wear mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehan Khan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Michał Wieczorowski
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Applied Mechanics, Poznan University of Technology, 3 Piotrowo St., 60-965 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Darko Damjanović
- Mechanical Engineering Faculty in Slavonski Brod, University of Slavonski Brod, Trg Ivane Brlić Mažuranić 2, 35 000 Slavonski Brod, Croatia;
| | - Mohammad Rezaul Karim
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A. Alnaser
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
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23
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Froiio C, Aiolfi A, Bona D, Bonavina L. Safety profile of magnetic sphincter augmentation for gastroesophageal reflux disease. Front Surg 2023; 10:1293270. [PMID: 38026489 PMCID: PMC10661944 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2023.1293270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) procedure is an effective treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Adverse events requiring MSA device removal are rare, but the true prevalence and incidence may be underestimated. Methods Retrospective study on a prospectively collected database. Patients who underwent MSA procedure between March 2007 and September 2021 in two tertiary-care referral centers for esophageal surgery were included. The trend of MSA explant, the changes in the sizing technique and crura repair over the years, the technique of explant, and the clinical outcomes of the revisional procedure were reviewed. Results Out of 397 consecutive patients, 50 (12.4%) underwent MSA removal, with a median time to explant of 39.5 [IQR = 53.7] months. Main symptoms leading to removal were dysphagia (43.2%), heartburn (25%), and epigastric pain (13.6%). Erosion occurred in 2.5% of patients. Smaller (12- and 13-bead) devices were the ones most frequently explanted. The majority of the explants were performed laparoscopically with endoscopic assistance. There was no perioperative morbidity, and the median length of stay was 2.8 ± 1.4 days. After 2014, changes in sizing technique and crura repair resulted in a decreased incidence of explants from 23% to 5% (p < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis confirmed the protective role of added bead units [HR 0.06 (95% CI = 0.001-0.220); p < 0.000]. Conclusion Oversizing and full mediastinal dissection with posterior hiatoplasty may improve the outcomes of the MSA procedure and possibly reduce removal rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Froiio
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, Division of General and Foregut Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Aiolfi
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, Division of General Surgery, IRCCS Galeazzi-Sant’Ambrogio, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Bona
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, Division of General Surgery, IRCCS Galeazzi-Sant’Ambrogio, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Bonavina
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, Division of General and Foregut Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Mitsui I, Uchida K. Canine Gallbladder Erosion/Ulcer and Hemocholecyst: Clinicopathological Characteristics of 14 Cases. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3335. [PMID: 37958090 PMCID: PMC10649012 DOI: 10.3390/ani13213335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Gallbladder mucosal erosion and/or ulceration are illnesses associated with unexpected gallbladder intra-cystic bleeding (hemocholecyst), an under-reported problem in dogs. (2) Methods: Clinicopathological characteristics of 14 dogs with gallbladder erosion/ulcer were investigated in this single-center retrospective study using clinical data and archived gallbladder tissues of client-owned dogs. (3) Results: Canine gallbladder erosion/ulcer tends to occur in older, neutered dogs of various breeds. Vomiting, lethargy, and anorexia are common. Concurrent gallbladder rupture occurred in 5/14 cases (35.7%), while rupture was absent in 6/14 cases (42.8%) and undetermined in 3/14 (21.4%) cases. Histologically, the gallbladder wall was markedly thickened due to mucosal hyperplasia, inflammatory infiltrates, fibrosis, edema, hemorrhage, and smooth muscle hyperplasia/hypertrophy. Twelve out of fourteen cases (85.7%) had concurrent cholecystitis of varying severity. Bacteria were detected by Giemsa or Warthin-Starry stain in 8/14 (57.1%) cases. Bacterial rods immunoreactive to the anti-Helicobacter antibody were present in one case. Mucosal epithelial cells of the gallbladder erosion/ulcer cohort were immunopositive for the cyclooxygenases COX-1 or COX-2 in only 5/14 (35.7%) cases. In contrast, COX-1 and COX-2 were more frequently expressed in a reference pool of cases of gallbladder mucocele (n = 5) and chronic cholecystitis (n = 5). COX-1 was expressed in 9/10 cases (90.0%) of gallbladder mucocele and chronic cholecystitis and in 10/10 cases (100%) for COX-2. (4) Conclusions: Canine gallbladder erosion/ulcer is an under-reported condition which requires active clinical intervention. Based on the clinicopathological information reported in this study in addition to the COX-1 and COX-2 IHC results, we suggest that canine gallbladder erosion/ulcer may be related to decreased cytoprotection physiologically provided by arachidonic acid, but which is decreased or absent due to reduced COX expression because of yet undetermined etiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikki Mitsui
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Imabari 794-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;
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25
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Xu J, Lu H, Cai L, Liao Y, Lian J. Surface Protection Technology for Metallic Materials in Marine Environments. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6822. [PMID: 37895802 PMCID: PMC10608535 DOI: 10.3390/ma16206822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
As the demand for the development and utilization of marine resources continues to strengthen, the service requirements for advanced marine equipment are rapidly increasing. Surface protection technology has become an important way of solving the tribological problems of extreme operating conditions and improving the safety performance of equipment by imparting certain special properties to the surface of the material through physical, chemical or mechanical processes to enhance the ability of the material to withstand external environmental factors. Combined with the extremely complex characteristics of the marine environment, this paper describes the commonly used surface protection technologies for metal materials in the marine environment. Research on surface texture was summarized under different surface reshaping technologies, as well as processes and coating materials under different surface modification technologies. Combined with the existing research progress and development trends of marine metallic materials, the surfaces of metal materials under the marine environment protection technology foreground are prospected and provide a reference for the improvement of equipment performance in extreme marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (J.X.); (H.L.); (L.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Hao Lu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (J.X.); (H.L.); (L.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Linxuan Cai
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (J.X.); (H.L.); (L.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yihong Liao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (J.X.); (H.L.); (L.C.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jiadi Lian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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26
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Jablonski-Momeni A, Hanselmann F, Bottenberg P, Korbmacher-Steiner H. Detection of Erosive Changes on Smooth Surfaces with and without Orthodontic Brackets Using an Intraoral Scanner-An In Vitro Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3232. [PMID: 37892052 PMCID: PMC10606051 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13203232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumption of acidic beverages favours development of erosions. Modern diagnostic methods are required to detect erosions at an early stage. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of an intraoral scanner (IOS) for detection of erosive changes on smooth surfaces adjacent to orthodontic brackets. METHODS Orthodontic metal brackets were attached to the buccal surfaces of 58 extracted permanent human teeth. Teeth were randomly divided into groups: A = 6% citric acid, B = Coca-Cola, C = Redbull, D = Powerade, E = Control, no acid exposure. Teeth were exposed to acid in three erosion cycles, followed by rinsing and brushing. Scans of teeth were performed at baseline and after each erosion cycle and enamel loss was measured. Quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) measurements were performed as reference standard. RESULTS Significant substance loss was measured in all acid groups after the second and third erosion cycle (p < 0.0001). Correlation between scans and QLF were significant (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS With IOS, it was possible to detect and quantify enamel erosion at smooth surfaces with and without orthodontic brackets after a short exposure time. Considering the limitations of in vitro results, the use of IOS can be a promising digital tool to detect and monitor erosive enamel changes during fixed orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Jablonski-Momeni
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Medical Faculty, Philipps-University Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | - Franka Hanselmann
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Medical Faculty, Philipps-University Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | - Peter Bottenberg
- Department of Oral Health Care, Free University of Brussels (ULB-VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Heike Korbmacher-Steiner
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Medical Faculty, Philipps-University Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
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27
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Oudkerk J, Grenade C, Davarpanah A, Vanheusden A, Vandenput S, Mainjot AK. Risk factors of tooth wear in permanent dentition: A scoping review. J Oral Rehabil 2023; 50:1110-1165. [PMID: 37147932 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tooth wear (TW) prevalence is high and increasing and has important consequences on the patient's quality of life. Knowledge of risk factors is crucial to promote diagnosis, prevention strategies and timely interceptive treatment. Many studies have identified TW risk factors. OBJECTIVE This scoping review aims to map and describe suspected available factors associated with TW in permanent dentition based on quantitative measurement. METHODS The scoping review was conducted using the PRISMA extension of the Scoping Reviews checklist. The search was conducted in October 2022 from the Medline® (PubMed® interface) and Scopus® databases. Two independent reviewers selected and characterised the studies. RESULTS 2702 articles were identified for assessment of titles and abstracts, and 273 articles were included in the review. The results show a need to standardise TW measurement indices and the study design. The included studies highlighted various factors, classified into nine domains: sociodemographic factors, medical history, drinking habits, eating habits, oral hygiene habits, dental factors, bruxism and temporomandibular disorders, behavioural factors, and stress. Results related to chemical TW (erosion) risk factors underline the importance of eating disorders, gastroesophageal reflux and lifestyle, particularly drinking and eating behaviours, which supports developing public health information campaigns and interventions. Besides chemical, this review identifies evidence of several mechanical TW risk factors, such as toothbrushing and bruxism; the influence of this last factor needs to be further explored. CONCLUSIONS TW management and prevention require a multidisciplinary approach. Dentists are in the first line to detect associated diseases such as reflux or eating disorders. Consequently, practitioners' information and guideline diffusion should be promoted, and a TW risk factors checklist (the ToWeR checklist) is proposed to help diagnostic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Oudkerk
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU), Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège Hospital (CHU), Liège, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Grenade
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU), Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège Hospital (CHU), Liège, Belgium
| | - Anoushka Davarpanah
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU), Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium
| | - Alain Vanheusden
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU), Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège Hospital (CHU), Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Amélie K Mainjot
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU), Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège Hospital (CHU), Liège, Belgium
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28
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Ullal TV, Marks SL, Evenhuis JV, Figueroa ME, Pomerantz LK, Forsythe LR. Evaluation of gastroprotectant administration in hospitalized cats in a tertiary referral hospital. J Feline Med Surg 2023; 25:1098612X231201769. [PMID: 37874311 PMCID: PMC10812023 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x231201769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the prescription patterns and appropriateness of the use of gastroprotectant medication in cats. METHODS Pharmacy dispensation logs from an academic tertiary referral center were reviewed between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2018. Cats that were administered proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs), sucralfate, misoprostol, antacids or a combination were included. Data regarding medication, dosage, formulation, duration of administration, completeness of discharge instructions and clinical rationales for administration were obtained from medical records. The appropriateness of gastroprotectant use was assessed according to the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine consensus statement guidelines. RESULTS Of the 110 cases, 67 (60.9%) were prescribed a gastroprotectant medication without an appropriate indication. The most common reason for prescription was acute kidney injury in 26/67 (38.8%). PPIs were the most common gastroprotectant medication administered in 95/110 (86.3%) cats, followed by sucralfate in 18/110 (16.4%) and H2RAs in 11/110 (10%). Of the 35 cases in which gastroprotectant therapy was indicated, the medication chosen or dosage administered was considered suboptimal in 16 (45.7%). Instructions regarding the duration of administration, potential adverse effects and timing of administration in relation to meals or other medications were inconsistently provided in discharge instructions to pet owners. Of the 29 cases discharged with omeprazole, only 13 (44.8%) instructions included a duration of administration, while 6 (20.7%) recommended continuing gastroprotectants indefinitely until further notice, 16 (55.2%) discussed the timing of the administration in relation to a meal and six (20.7%) mentioned potential adverse effects; none advised tapering of omeprazole before discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE When prescribed, gastroprotectant medications were frequently prescribed injudiciously to cats in this referral population over a 12-month period. Discharge instructions to pet owners also often lacked information and recommendations regarding optimal administration, potential adverse effects, and tapering or discontinuation of the medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarini V Ullal
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California-Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Stanley L Marks
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California-Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Janny V Evenhuis
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California-Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Monica E Figueroa
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California-Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
- VCA East Bay Veterinary Emergency Hospital, Antioch, CA, USA
| | - Leah K Pomerantz
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California-Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
- Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, USA
| | - Lauren R Forsythe
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana, IL, USA
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29
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Faust TF, Schnittka E, Steadman MB, Cail GM, Rice BS. Management of Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Band Erosion: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e47718. [PMID: 38021841 PMCID: PMC10675987 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric banding was one of the first operations to gain popularity within the field of bariatric surgery. This case details one patient's presentation and subsequent management of gastric band erosion with the hope of guiding other physicians and supporting the decreased use of gastric banding. The patient, a 61-year-old Caucasian female, presented to the bariatric clinic complaining of a multiyear history of epigastric pain and acid reflux, which was refractory to treatment with proton pump inhibitors. She had a history of laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB) placement in 2007. She was initially successful in achieving weight loss and maintained regular band adjustments but was lost to follow-up and regained a body mass index (BMI) of 41.59 kg/m2. Evaluation with upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy was recommended and performed. This revealed a LAGB in its entirety with tubing within the gastric fundus. Removal with dual endoscopy and abdominal laparoscopy was recommended and scheduled. During attempts to remove the band using an endoscopic snare, significant difficulty was encountered. Ultimately, an endoscopic rat-tooth grasper was used to lyse the band and tubing into four sections for complete removal. The subcutaneous port of the band was successfully removed laparoscopically, and the patient was discharged from the operating room. She reported limited pain in the postoperative suite but was lost to follow-up regarding long-term symptom relief. This report describes the presentation and management of one patient's experience with a known complication of LAGB-band erosion. This complication necessitated two additional procedures with anesthesia and placed the patient at increased risk for esophageal perforation, complications related to sedation, and the development of abdominal adhesions. Her case aims to support the decreasing prevalence of LAGBs within bariatric surgery and hopes to guide other physicians challenged with the management of similar cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor F Faust
- Department of Research, Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine, Dothan, USA
| | - Emma Schnittka
- Department of Research, Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine, Dothan, USA
| | - Michael B Steadman
- Department of Research, Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine, Dothan, USA
| | - Garrett M Cail
- Department of Research, Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine, Dothan, USA
| | - Bradley S Rice
- Department of Gastroenterology, Crestwood Medical Center, Huntsville, USA
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Jaber M, Khalid A, Gamal A, Faisal R, Mathew A, Ingafou M. A Comparative Study of Condylar Bone Pathology in Patients with and without Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Using Orthopantomography. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5802. [PMID: 37762743 PMCID: PMC10531578 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare condylar bony pathology in patients with and without temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) using orthopantomography at Ajman University dental clinics between 2017 and 2021. Patient data from the Ajman University archives were collected after obtaining ethical approval. OPG (orthopantomogram) views were evaluated for potential TMJ pathology. Three independent observers underwent calibration and image analysis, with their agreement level calculated using Kappa statistics (score 0.781). Condylar changes were coded from 0 to 6. Statistical tests such as the Mann-Whitney Test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman's correlation, and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The inter-examiner reliability for OPG was 0.903, and intra-examiner reliability was 0.908. The most common condylar bony changes observed in OPG views were flattening and osteophyte. Female participants had a higher prevalence of all bony changes. Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) can manifest with symptomatic and detectable bony changes in OPG views. The prevalence of temporomandibular disorder appeared similar between genders, but differences were observed regarding the number of teeth lost, with unilateral tooth loss being more common. Interestingly, bruxism did not seem to significantly impact of temporomandibular disorder patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Jaber
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates; (M.J.); (M.I.)
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research (CMBHSR), Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alaa Khalid
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates; (M.J.); (M.I.)
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research (CMBHSR), Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amena Gamal
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates; (M.J.); (M.I.)
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research (CMBHSR), Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raghad Faisal
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates; (M.J.); (M.I.)
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research (CMBHSR), Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Asok Mathew
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates; (M.J.); (M.I.)
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research (CMBHSR), Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Ingafou
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates; (M.J.); (M.I.)
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research (CMBHSR), Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
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Anderson K, Perrouin‐Verbe M, Bridgeman‐Rutledge L, Skews R, Hashim H. Cystoscopic removal of transvaginal mesh: Long-term outcomes. BJUI Compass 2023; 4:543-548. [PMID: 37636201 PMCID: PMC10447205 DOI: 10.1002/bco2.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study's aim is to evaluate the long-term quality of life and functional outcomes following cystoscopic excision of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) mesh extruded into the urinary tract in women. Patients and Methods A retrospective chart review was performed of all cases of cystoscopic removal of extruded mesh at our high-volume tertiary care centre between April 2013 and August 2021. Postoperative patient-reported outcomes were collected via questionnaires: Urogenital Distress Inventory Short Form (UDI-6), EQ-5D-5L Visual analogue scale, ICIQ-Satisfaction (ICIQ-S) and additional questions regarding postoperative sexual function. Results During the study period, 27 women with a median age of 61 years (45-87) underwent cystoscopic mesh removal surgery using either Ho-YAG laser (56%) or bipolar loop resection (44%). The most common presentation of mesh extrusion was recurrent urinary tract infections (67%). Other presenting complaints were pain (41%), urinary urgency ± incontinence (41%) and voiding difficulties (18%). Long-term follow-up outcomes from 20 patients (median follow-up: 24 months) showed that mesh removal was rated successful by 80%, and 100% would choose to have the surgery again if in the same situation. Recurrent SUI was reported by 45% of respondents, and urinary urge incontinence was found in 50%. For patients who answered the sexual function questions, 50% reported improved sexual function postmesh removal (6/12). Conclusions Cystoscopic removal of extruded female SUI and POP mesh is associated with high patient satisfaction and low morbidity in appropriately selected patients at 2-year median follow-up. A patient-centred shared decision-making process is essential in counselling patients regarding options and expected outcomes following mesh removal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rachel Skews
- Bristol Urological Institute, Southmead HospitalBristolUK
| | - Hashim Hashim
- Bristol Urological Institute, Southmead HospitalBristolUK
- Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
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32
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Mehta SB, Banerji S, Crins L, Opdam N, Loomans BAC. The longevity of tooth-coloUred materials used for restoration of tooth wear: an evidence-based approach. Prim Dent J 2023; 12:43-53. [PMID: 37705477 DOI: 10.1177/20501684231193595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Patients with tooth wear are commonly encountered in general dental practice. When indicated, restorative rehabilitation is often accompanied by a request from the patient for an aesthetic, tooth-coloured outcome. This article seeks to provide an evidence-based approach, focussing on the longevity of the materials which can be used for the restorative treatment of tooth wear, as well as their modes of failure and observed performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamir B Mehta
- Shamir B. Mehta BDS, BSc MClinDent (Prosthodontics), PhD Dip. FFGDP(UK), FCGDent, FDSRCS(Eng), FDSRCPS(Glas), FDFTEd Professor of Aesthetic Dentistry, College of Medicine and Dentistry/Ulster University; Visiting Professor Radboud University Medical Centre; Senior Clinical Teacher, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, UK
- Subir Banerji BDS, MClinDent (Prosthodontics), PhD, FDS, RCPS(Glasg), FCGDent, FICD Programme Director MSc Aesthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, UK; Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Australia
- Luuk Crins DDS PhD candidate, Department of Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Niek Opdam DDS, PhD Associate Professor in Restorative Dentistry and Cariology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Bas A. C. Loomans DDS, PhD Professor in Oral Function and Restorative Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Subir Banerji
- Shamir B. Mehta BDS, BSc MClinDent (Prosthodontics), PhD Dip. FFGDP(UK), FCGDent, FDSRCS(Eng), FDSRCPS(Glas), FDFTEd Professor of Aesthetic Dentistry, College of Medicine and Dentistry/Ulster University; Visiting Professor Radboud University Medical Centre; Senior Clinical Teacher, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, UK
- Subir Banerji BDS, MClinDent (Prosthodontics), PhD, FDS, RCPS(Glasg), FCGDent, FICD Programme Director MSc Aesthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, UK; Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Australia
- Luuk Crins DDS PhD candidate, Department of Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Niek Opdam DDS, PhD Associate Professor in Restorative Dentistry and Cariology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Bas A. C. Loomans DDS, PhD Professor in Oral Function and Restorative Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Luuk Crins
- Shamir B. Mehta BDS, BSc MClinDent (Prosthodontics), PhD Dip. FFGDP(UK), FCGDent, FDSRCS(Eng), FDSRCPS(Glas), FDFTEd Professor of Aesthetic Dentistry, College of Medicine and Dentistry/Ulster University; Visiting Professor Radboud University Medical Centre; Senior Clinical Teacher, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, UK
- Subir Banerji BDS, MClinDent (Prosthodontics), PhD, FDS, RCPS(Glasg), FCGDent, FICD Programme Director MSc Aesthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, UK; Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Australia
- Luuk Crins DDS PhD candidate, Department of Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Niek Opdam DDS, PhD Associate Professor in Restorative Dentistry and Cariology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Bas A. C. Loomans DDS, PhD Professor in Oral Function and Restorative Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Niek Opdam
- Shamir B. Mehta BDS, BSc MClinDent (Prosthodontics), PhD Dip. FFGDP(UK), FCGDent, FDSRCS(Eng), FDSRCPS(Glas), FDFTEd Professor of Aesthetic Dentistry, College of Medicine and Dentistry/Ulster University; Visiting Professor Radboud University Medical Centre; Senior Clinical Teacher, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, UK
- Subir Banerji BDS, MClinDent (Prosthodontics), PhD, FDS, RCPS(Glasg), FCGDent, FICD Programme Director MSc Aesthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, UK; Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Australia
- Luuk Crins DDS PhD candidate, Department of Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Niek Opdam DDS, PhD Associate Professor in Restorative Dentistry and Cariology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Bas A. C. Loomans DDS, PhD Professor in Oral Function and Restorative Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Bas A C Loomans
- Shamir B. Mehta BDS, BSc MClinDent (Prosthodontics), PhD Dip. FFGDP(UK), FCGDent, FDSRCS(Eng), FDSRCPS(Glas), FDFTEd Professor of Aesthetic Dentistry, College of Medicine and Dentistry/Ulster University; Visiting Professor Radboud University Medical Centre; Senior Clinical Teacher, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, UK
- Subir Banerji BDS, MClinDent (Prosthodontics), PhD, FDS, RCPS(Glasg), FCGDent, FICD Programme Director MSc Aesthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, UK; Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Australia
- Luuk Crins DDS PhD candidate, Department of Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Niek Opdam DDS, PhD Associate Professor in Restorative Dentistry and Cariology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Bas A. C. Loomans DDS, PhD Professor in Oral Function and Restorative Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Qutieshat A, Mason AG, Chadwick RG. Evaluation of Struthio camelus eggshell as an in vitro alternative to extracted human teeth in preliminary screening studies on dental erosion. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023; 9:630-640. [PMID: 37106488 PMCID: PMC10441603 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This in vitro work investigates the potential of ostrich eggshell as a substitute for extracted human teeth in preliminary screening studies on dental erosion. Additionally, it aims to demonstrate the potential of ostrich eggshell compared to human enamel in evaluating the efficacy of a preventive agent in protecting against dental erosion, using an artificial mouth model. METHODS The experiment utilized 96 erosion testing specimens from each substrate, human enamel, and ostrich eggshell. The specimens were subjected to six different experimental regimens of increasing erosive challenge, simulating the consumption of an acidic drink. The acidic drink was delivered at a consistent volume and duration range. Both artificially stimulated and unstimulated saliva flowed throughout the experimental regimens. Surface hardness was measured using a Through-Indenter Viewing hardness tester with a Vickers diamond, while surface profiling was done using a surface contacting profilometer with a diamond stylus. An automated chemistry analyzer system was used to detect calcium and phosphate ions. RESULTS The study found that ostrich eggshell specimens demonstrated predictable surface loss, hardness drop, and ion loss due to the acidic challenge. Meanwhile, enamel appeared to fall short in terms of surface hardness predictability. The transient hardness loss phase, which manifests as an overlooked decrease in surface hardness despite significant ion and structural loss, may explain this phenomenon. CONCLUSIONS The experiment showed that assessing surface loss is essential in addition to hardness testing, particularly as certain experimental conditions may produce a false perception of tissue recovery despite the actual surface loss. By analyzing the response of ostrich eggshell specimens to erosive challenges, researchers were able to identify an "overlooked" reduction in hardness in enamel specimens. The differences in the structure, chemical composition, and biological response to erosion in the presence of artificial saliva between enamel and ostrich eggshell could explain their distinct behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abubaker Qutieshat
- Department of Adult Restorative DentistryOman Dental CollegeMuscatSultanate of Oman
- Department of Restorative DentistryDundee Dental Hospital & SchoolDundeeUK
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Limeback H, Enax J, Meyer F. Improving Oral Health with Fluoride-Free Calcium-Phosphate-Based Biomimetic Toothpastes: An Update of the Clinical Evidence. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:331. [PMID: 37622936 PMCID: PMC10452078 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8040331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
As the demand for clinically effective fluoride-free oral care products for consumers increases, it is important to document which types of toothpastes have been shown in clinical studies to be effective in improving oral health. In this review, we included different indications, i.e., caries prevention, improving periodontal health, reducing dentin hypersensitivity, protecting against dental erosion, and safely improving tooth whitening in defining what constitutes improvement in oral health. While there are several professional and consumer fluoride-containing formulations fortified with calcium-phosphate-based ingredients, this review focuses on fluoride-free toothpastes containing biomimetic calcium-phosphate-based molecules as the primary active ingredients. Several databases were searched, and only clinical trials in human subjects were included; in vitro and animal studies were excluded. There were 62 oral health clinical trials on biomimetic hydroxyapatite (HAP), 57 on casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), 26 on calcium sodium phosphosilicate (CSPS, or so called Bioglass), and 2 on β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). HAP formulations were tested the most in clinical trials for benefits in preventing caries, dentin hypersensitivity, improving periodontal health, and tooth whitening. Based on the current clinical evidence to date, fluoride-free HAP toothpaste formulations are the most versatile of the calcium phosphate active ingredients in toothpastes for improving oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardy Limeback
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada
| | - Joachim Enax
- Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Research Department, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.E.); (F.M.)
| | - Frederic Meyer
- Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Research Department, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.E.); (F.M.)
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Satou R, Ueno S, Kamijo H, Sugihara N. Inhibition of Citric Acid-Induced Dentin Erosion by an Acidulated Phosphate Sodium Monofluorophosphate Solution. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:5230. [PMID: 37569934 PMCID: PMC10419840 DOI: 10.3390/ma16155230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Sodium monofluorophosphate (Na2FPO3, MFP) is mainly used as an ingredient in fluoride-based dentifrices as it has a high safety profile, with one-third of the toxicity of sodium fluoride (NaF), as well as the ability to reach deep into the dentin. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevention of dentin erosion by MFP upon exposure to citric acid, which has a chelating effect, and to compare the effects to those of the conventional acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) application method. Bovine dentin was used, and four groups were created: (i) APF (9000 ppmF, pH 3.6) 4 min group; (ii) acidulated phosphate MFP (AP-MFP, 9000 ppmF, pH 3.6) 4 min group; (iii) AP-MFP 2 min + APF 2 min (dual) group; and (iv) no fluoride application (control) group. Compared with the conventional APF application method, the application of AP-MFP was shown to significantly reduce substantial defects, mineral loss, and lesion depth; better maintain Vickers hardness; and promote the homogenous aggregation of fine CaF2 particles to seal the dentin tubules, enhancing acid resistance in their vicinity. The ΔZ value of the AP-MFP group was 2679 ± 290.2 vol% μm, significantly smaller than the APF group's 3806 ± 257.5 vol% μm (p < 0.01). Thus, AP-MFP-based fluoride application could effectively suppress citric acid-induced demineralization and could become a new, more powerful, and biologically safer professional-care method for preventing acid-induced dentin erosion than the conventional method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryouichi Satou
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan;
| | - Susumu Ueno
- Department of Occupational Toxicology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan;
| | - Hideyuki Kamijo
- Department of Social Security for Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan;
| | - Naoki Sugihara
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan;
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Moda MD, Dos Santos PH, Pini NIP, Furini LN, Briso ALF, Assmann A, Fagundes TC. Effects of Different Toothpastes on the Nanomechanical Properties and Chemical Composition of Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement and Composite Resin Restorations. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:173. [PMID: 37504240 PMCID: PMC10378367 DOI: 10.3390/dj11070173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluates the effects of different toothpastes on the nanohardness and chemical compositions of restorative materials and dental surfaces. METHODS Bovine enamel (n = 72) and dentin (n = 72) blocks were obtained and restored using RMGIC (n = 36) or CR (n = 36) to create the following surfaces: dentin adjacent to RMGIC (DRMGIC), enamel adjacent to RMGIC (ERMGIC), dentin adjacent to CR (DCR), and enamel adjacent to CR (ECR). After restoration, one hemiface of each specimen was coated with an acid-resistant varnish to facilitate the creation of control (C) and eroded (E) sides; the latter were achieved by erosion-abrasion cycles as follows: erosion with 1% citric acid: 5 days, four times for 2 min each day; 1% citric acid/abrasion, two times for 15 s, followed by immersion in a toothpaste slurry for 2 min. Toothpastes without fluoride (WF; n = 12), with sodium fluoride (NaF; n = 12), and with stannous fluoride (SnF2; n = 12) were used for RMGIC or CR. The specimens were analyzed for nanohardness (H), and chemical composition using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Raman microscopy. The data were statistically analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). RESULTS Lower H values were obtained with NaF for DRMGIC-C, with a statistically significant difference from the H value obtained with WF (p < 0.05). The calcium and phosphorus concentrations in DCR-E were significantly lower with WF than with the other types of toothpaste (p < 0.05). Fluoride-containing toothpastes are capable of preserving the main chemical components of the dentin adjacent to the restorative materials under erosive-abrasive conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Dias Moda
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Dos Santos
- Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute-Restorative Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Nubia Inocencya Pavesi Pini
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Negri Furini
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Fraga Briso
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil
| | - André Assmann
- Department of Engineering and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Palotina 85950-000, PR, Brazil
| | - Ticiane Cestari Fagundes
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil
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Vats S, Sinha DJ, Singh S, Rathi R, Jha S, Singh I. Effect of remineralizing agent on laser and nonlaser bleached enamel surfaces subjected to erosion: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent Endod 2023; 26:388-394. [PMID: 37705556 PMCID: PMC10497080 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_139_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Aim Assessment of remineralizing agent's effect on laser and nonlaser bleached enamel surfaces subjected to erosion. Materials and Methods In this study, 80 extracted human permanent anteriors were collected and divided into 4 groups with 20 teeth per sample. Enamel specimen of 3 mm × 3 mm were made using polyvinyl chloride rings and acrylic and randomly divided into four groups. Then the specimens were subjected to initial microhardness test using Vicker's hardness tester (AVK-CO, Mitutoyo, Japan). Two indentations were placed at 100 mm from one another in the center of all the samples. Bleaching with laser and without laser using hydrogen peroxide was performed followed by remineralization in the groups (Groups 1a and 2a) and then were subjected to erosion. The final hardness was measured using the above method used for initial microhardness. Results Microhardness in the remineralized groups showed least variation. The group in which laser bleaching was performed along with remineralization as compared with nonlaser bleaching group with remineralization showed improvement in microhardness but the data was not statistically significant. A significant difference was noted between the laser and remineralization group when compared with the groups in which no remineralization was done. Conclusion After bleaching the enamel surface is more prone to erosion, so to improve the microhardness of bleached enamel a remineralizing agent should be used. A combination of diode laser bleaching and remineralizing agents leads to improved microhardness of the bleached enamel thus proving this combination to be efficacious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil Vats
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dakshita Joy Sinha
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sarita Singh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchi Rathi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swati Jha
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Isha Singh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Srivastava R, Tangade P, Singh V, Priyadarshi S, Dalai S, Agarahari P, Subhangi S, Kumari T, Singh AK, Singh PK. Chewing Ability and the Quality of Life: A Cross-Sectional Study to Assess the Relationship Between Tooth Wear and Oral Health. Cureus 2023; 15:e41906. [PMID: 37588299 PMCID: PMC10425605 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is important to understand how a very common prevalent condition of tooth wear (TW) impacts a person's day-to-day oral health. An emerging concept of measuring the parameter of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), which evidently impacts the daily living of a person, makes it practical to examine the correlation between TW and OHRQoL. For measuring the OHRQoL, we can apply various methods, and the most effective is the use of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) questionnaire. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to assess the correlation between TW and the OHRQoL among adult patients attending a dental college and hospital. METHODS A cross-sectional research was performed on patients who visited the outpatient department of Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, India. Initially, the sociodemographic details of patients, including their oral hygiene and dietary habits, were recorded. This step was followed by the assessment of TW using the Smith and Knight TW index. Then, the translated and validated version of the OHIP questionnaire was filled up, in which the patients were asked to rate each question on a Likert scale, with five points ranging from 0 to 4, where 0 = never, 1 = hardly ever, 2 = occasionally, 3 = fairly often, and 4 = very often. RESULTS Based on a clinical examination on 630 subjects and the OHIP questionnaire responses from the participants, a significantly remarkable association (p ≤ 0.05) was found using a chi-square test between TW and the OHRQoL. In particular, TW was linked to other sociodemographic data and various lifestyle, dietary, and drinking habits. Along with the OHRQoL, TW also showed a positive correlation with gender. Using the chi-square test, a statistically significant association between age and TW was observed, with p-value = 0.004. Meanwhile, the place of residence did not show any association with TW. Educational qualifications of patients, visits to dental clinics, and reasons for dental visits showed very significant association with TW. Oral hygiene aids, materials used, frequency of brushing, and brushing technique did not have any association with TW as per the results obtained. A highly significant association was found between consumption of fruit drinks, citric drinks, and beverages and TW in the adult patients. Among all the domains of the OHIP questionnaire, the physical pain domain was the most affected, followed by the physical disability domain. CONCLUSION We conclude that TW has a direct association and positive correlation with the OHRQoL. As TW was increasing, so were the OHIP values, which indicated a lesser OHRQoL. The study also presents information on how to maintain a regular and healthy dietary lifestyle and oral hygiene to combat the impacts of TW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangoli Srivastava
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, IND
| | - Pradeep Tangade
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, IND
| | - Vikas Singh
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, IND
| | - Surbhi Priyadarshi
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, SGT University (Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University) Faculty of Dental Sciences, Gurugram, IND
| | - Sasmita Dalai
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Adesh Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Bathinda, IND
| | - Priya Agarahari
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, IND
| | - Sonal Subhangi
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, IND
| | - Tannu Kumari
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, IND
| | - Ashutosh K Singh
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, IND
| | - Prabhat K Singh
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, IND
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McKenna D, Reddy E. Imatinib associated temporal bone osteonecrosis. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7611. [PMID: 37397584 PMCID: PMC10307993 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors have substantially improved survival in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). We report the first association between long-term imatinib use and temporal bone osteonecrosis, highlighting the importance of prompt ENT evaluation of such patients with new otological symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic McKenna
- Craigavon Area Hospital (Southern Health and Social Care Trust)PortadownUK
| | - Ekambar Reddy
- Craigavon Area Hospital (Southern Health and Social Care Trust)PortadownUK
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Mukundan D, R V. Comparative Evaluation on the Effects of Three Pediatric Syrups on Microhardness, Roughness and Staining of the Primary Teeth Enamel: An In-Vitro Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e42764. [PMID: 37663991 PMCID: PMC10468718 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction One of the most prevalent oral diseases is dental caries. Syrups are commonly used by children who have difficulty swallowing tablets and capsules. Some medications can make dental caries worse and cause the enamel to erode. Most of the time, parents are unaware that a number of foods, drinks, and syrup-formulated pediatric drugs include sugar, which can cause erosion of primary teeth, resulting in plaque accumulation and dental caries. Henceforth, the aim of this study is to assess the effects of pediatric syrups on the microhardness, roughness, and staining ability of primary tooth enamel as a result of daily intake of syrup. Methods Eighty primary teeth, including both anterior and posterior, that required extraction due to pre-shedding mobility were randomly divided into four groups of twenty samples each. Samples were exposed to multivitamin syrup (Rudimin), iron syrup (C Pink), and diuretic syrup (Furosemide). The samples were submerged in 10 mL of the respective medication once daily for five minutes for 21 days. On days 0 and 21, enamel surfaces were assessed for changes in microhardness, roughness, and staining. The microhardness was assessed using a Micro Vickers microhardness tester machine; the roughness was assessed using a Mitutoyo surface roughness tester; and the staining ability was assessed using a spectrophotometer, and data processing was done using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and Tukey's post hoc analysis. Results The changes in enamel surface for microhardness, roughness, and staining were assessed twice, at days 0 and 21. Group 4 (Furoped) showed a significant difference in surface microhardness and staining ability of enamel surfaces with a statistically significant p-value (<0.05). When roughness was compared, all three interventions had a significant difference from the control group, whereas there was no statistically significant difference between the intervention groups. Conclusion This study concludes that pediatric syrups can significantly weaken the enamel of primary teeth, resulting in loss of enamel surface microhardness and roughness making them vulnerable to caries. Since frequent consumption of these syrups is correlated with tooth decay, certain precautions like oral hygiene maintenance and rinsing with water after taking the syrup should be done to prevent dental caries, as consumption of medicinal syrups by children cannot be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Mukundan
- Pediatric Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Vignesh R
- Pediatric Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
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Torsakul P, Rirattanapong P, Prapansilp W, Vongsavan K. Remineralization Effect of Calcium Glycerophosphate in Fluoride Mouth Rinse on Eroded Human Enamel: An In Vitro Study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2023; 13:327-332. [PMID: 37876585 PMCID: PMC10593364 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_23_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objectives The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the remineralization effect of calcium glycerophosphate (CaGP) in fluoride mouth rinse on permanent enamel eroded by a soft drink. Materials and Methods Forty sound permanent premolars were embedded in self-curing acrylic resin and immersed in Coca-Cola to create erosive lesions. The teeth were divided into four groups (n = 10): Group I artificial saliva; Group II sodium fluoride; Group III sodium fluoride + sodium monofluorophosphate; and Group IV sodium monofluorophosphate + CaGP. The specimens in the assigned groups underwent pH cycling for ten days. The baseline, after erosion, and after remineralization surface microhardness (SMH) values were determined. The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The mean SMH value between groups and one-way repeated measures ANOVA for the mean SMH value within each group and Bonferroni's for multiple comparisons at a 95% confidence level were determined. The average SMH was used and calculated as the percentage recovery of SMH. Results After being eroded by the cola soft drink, the mean SMH values in all groups were significantly decreased. After remineralization, Group I had the lowest %SMHR. The %SMHR of Groups II, III, and IV were significantly higher than Group I (P < 0.001). However, there were no significant differences among Groups II, III, and IV (P > 0.05). Conclusions Fluoride mouth rinse with and without CaGP showed similar efficacies in remineralizing eroded permanent enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pannaros Torsakul
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Praphasri Rirattanapong
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Woranun Prapansilp
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Le PM, Pal-Ghosh S, Menko AS, Stepp MA. Immune Cells Localize to Sites of Corneal Erosions in C57BL/6 Mice. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1059. [PMID: 37509096 PMCID: PMC10377654 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Recurrent epithelial erosions develop in the cornea due to prior injury or genetic predisposition. Studies of recurrent erosions in animal models allow us to gain insight into how erosions form and are resolved. While slowing corneal epithelial cell migration and reducing their proliferation following treatment with mitomycin C reduce erosion formation in mice after sterile debridement injury, additional factors have been identified related to cytokine expression and immune cell activation. The relationship between recruitment of immune cells to the region of the cornea where erosions form and their potential roles in erosion formation and/or erosion repair remains unexplored in the C57BL/6 mouse recurrent erosion model. Here, high resolution imaging of mouse corneas was performed at D1, D7, and D28 after dulled-blade debridement injury in C57BL/6 mice. Around 50% of these mice have frank corneal erosions at D28 after wounding. A detailed assessment of corneas revealed the involvement of M2 macrophages in both frank and developing erosions at early stages of their formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong M Le
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Sonali Pal-Ghosh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - A Sue Menko
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Mary Ann Stepp
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
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MV P, Maikap D, Padhan P. Successful Use of Tofacitinib in Scleroderma Arthropathy. Mediterr J Rheumatol 2023; 34:266-268. [PMID: 37654646 PMCID: PMC10466352 DOI: 10.31138/mjr.34.2.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal manifestations of systemic sclerosis (SSc) are frequent and may be one of the early manifestations of the disease. However, arthralgia, pain and stiffness without frank arthritis usually constitute the clinical picture, while overlap syndromes such as rheumatoid-like polyarthritis can dominate when the arthritis is erosive. Hereby, we report a case of primary SSc presenting as frank erosive arthritis involving small and large joints mimicking rheumatoid arthritis, unresponsive to methotrexate, which was successfully treated with tofacitinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakashini MV
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Debashis Maikap
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Prasanta Padhan
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Shumaker LA, Compher TR, Selph JP. Delayed management of artificial urinary sphincter cuff erosion: a case series. Transl Androl Urol 2023; 12:944-948. [PMID: 37305620 PMCID: PMC10251094 DOI: 10.21037/tau-22-809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) has been used to treat post-prostatectomy incontinence in men for decades with excellent outcomes and low complication rates. A successful AUS placement can dramatically improve the quality of life in men with stress urinary incontinence. Consequently, complications in this population can be devastating for the patient. One of the most troublesome complications is cuff erosion, which necessitates explantation of the device and dooms a man to recurrent incontinence. While the device can be replaced, device replacements are fraught with high erosion rates. Furthermore, it is not uncommon for men undergoing AUS placement to have multiple medical comorbidities that make urgent surgery for explantation unideal. Nonetheless, men with cellulitis and significant symptoms must undergo removal of an eroded AUS. There is little to no literature published on the timing or need for device removal in the man who has an asymptomatic erosion. Case Description We report a case series of five men undergoing delayed or no explantation of an asymptomatic cuff erosion. All five men were asymptomatic at the time of presentation and underwent a delayed explant or no explant. No man required urgent device explant while the erosion was present. Conclusions Urgent device explantation may not be necessary in the asymptomatic AUS cuff erosion, and further study may be able to elucidate men who can avoid removal of cuff erosion when no symptoms are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke A. Shumaker
- Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Tyler R. Compher
- Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - John P. Selph
- Urology Associates of Nashville, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Mourouzis P, Tsiveli A, Tsetseli P, Gogos C, Tolidis K. Impact of erosion and aging simulation on chairside materials. Microsc Res Tech 2023. [PMID: 37218339 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the influence of acid exposure and thermocycling simulating erosion tooth wear, on the optical properties and surface roughness of chairside materials. Resin-ceramic, lithium disilicate, premium zirconium oxide and resin composite material comprise the materials tested. To simulate the dental erosion and aging, specimens from each material were immersed in hydrochloric acid, while the thermocycling procedure included 10,000 cycles. The translucency, the color differences and the surface roughness were calculated. The materials phase composition was tested using X-ray diffraction analysis to evaluate T-M phase transformation. The CIEDE2000 color difference and the translucency parameter were tested different significantly among groups. Data were statistically analyzed via independent samples t-test, and paired samples t-test. The thermocycling procedure and the exposure to the acid solution had different effect on the surface roughness of CAD/CAM materials. The present result demonstrated the negative effect the acid exposure has on the zirconia material in terms of color difference. However, no color differences over the threshold of acceptability were recorded after the thermocycling procedure. Both polymer materials exhibit an increase of the surface roughness when they were immersed in acid but they did not display an increase in roughness when they were thermocycled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Mourouzis
- Department of Dental Tissues Pathology and Therapeutics, Division of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Tsiveli
- Department of Dental Tissues Pathology and Therapeutics, Division of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Petroula Tsetseli
- Department of Dental Tissues Pathology and Therapeutics, Division of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos Gogos
- Department of Dental Tissues Pathology and Therapeutics, Division of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kosmas Tolidis
- Department of Dental Tissues Pathology and Therapeutics, Division of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Nagamine T, Hoshino M, Yonetsu T, Sugiyama T, Kanaji Y, Matsuda K, Sayama K, Ueno H, Nogami K, Hanyu Y, Misawa T, Hada M, Usui E, Sasano T, Kakuta T. Identification of Optical Coherence Tomography-Defined Coronary Plaque Erosion by Preprocedural Computed Tomography Angiography. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e029239. [PMID: 37183866 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.029239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Background A previous coronary computed tomography (CT) angiographic study failed to discriminate optical coherence tomography-defined intact fibrous cap culprit lesions (IFC group) from those with ruptured fibrous caps (RFC group) in patients with coronary artery disease. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of preprocedural coronary CT imaging in identifying subsequently performed optical coherence tomography-defined plaque rupture or erosion at culprit lesions in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute myocardial infarction. Methods and Results This study used data from 2 recently published studies that tested the hypothesis that coronary CT angiography (CCTA) before percutaneous coronary intervention may provide diagnostic information on the high-risk atherosclerotic burden in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute myocardial infarction. In the analysis of 186 patients, optical coherence tomography identified 106 RFC plaques and 80 IFC plaques as the culprit lesions. On CT, the prevalence of low-attenuation plaque, positive remodeling, napkin-ring sign, and spotty calcification were all significantly lower in the IFC group. The culprit vessel pericoronary adipose tissue inflammation and coronary artery calcium scores were significantly lower in the IFC group than in the RFC group. The absence of low-attenuation plaque, napkin-ring sign, zero coronary artery calcium, and low pericoronary adipose tissue inflammation were independent predictors of IFC. When stratified into 5 subgroups according to the number of these 4 CT factors, the prevalence of IFC was 8.3%, 20.8%, 44.6%, 75.6%, and 100% (P<0.001), respectively. Conclusions Preprocedural comprehensive coronary CT imaging, including coronary artery calcium and pericoronary adipose tissue inflammation assessment, can accurately and noninvasively identify optical coherence tomography-defined IFC or RFC culprit lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiro Nagamine
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital Ibaraki Japan
| | - Masahiro Hoshino
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital Ibaraki Japan
| | - Taishi Yonetsu
- Department of Interventional Cardiology Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan
| | - Tomoyo Sugiyama
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital Ibaraki Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Kanaji
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital Ibaraki Japan
| | - Kazuki Matsuda
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital Ibaraki Japan
| | - Kodai Sayama
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital Ibaraki Japan
| | - Hiroki Ueno
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital Ibaraki Japan
| | - Kai Nogami
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital Ibaraki Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hanyu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital Ibaraki Japan
| | - Toru Misawa
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital Ibaraki Japan
| | - Masahiro Hada
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital Ibaraki Japan
| | - Eisuke Usui
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital Ibaraki Japan
| | - Tetsuo Sasano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan
| | - Tsunekazu Kakuta
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital Ibaraki Japan
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Nag A, Srivastava M, Petrů J, Váňová P, Srivastava AK, Hloch S. Comparison of Continuous and Pulsating Water Jet during Piercing of Ductile Material. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:ma16093558. [PMID: 37176440 PMCID: PMC10179743 DOI: 10.3390/ma16093558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
More efficient ways to process materials are constantly being sought, even in the case of continuous water flow technology, which acts on materials mainly by stagnant pressure. An alternative method is an ultrasound-stimulated pulsating water jet, the basis of which is the repeated use of impact pressure, which reduces the time interval for mechanical relaxation. This article focuses on a comparative study from the point of view of water mass flow rate on material penetration and its integrity. Relatively low pressures (p = 20, 30, and 40 MPa) with varying nozzle diameters (d = 0.4 and 0.6 mm) were used to identify the effectiveness of the pulsating water jet. The time exposure of the jet at a fixed place was varied from t = 0.5 to 5 s for each experimental condition. The results showed that with an increase in the pressure and diameter values, the disintegration depth increased. In addition, the surface topography and morphology images showed signs of ductile erosion in the form of erosion pits, upheaved surfaces, and crater formation. The microhardness study showed an increase of 10% subsurface microhardness after the action of the pulsating water jet as compared to the original material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Nag
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Madhulika Srivastava
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Chennai 601103, India
| | - Jana Petrů
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Váňová
- Faculty of Material Science and Technology, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Ashish Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, G. L. Bajaj Institute of Technology and Management, Greater Noida 201306, India
| | - Sergej Hloch
- Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies, Technical University of Kosice with a Seat in Prešov, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia
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Monteiro G, Barros APO, Fernandes GCS, Jassé FFDA, Kuga MC, Alencar CDM. Anti- erosion effect of an experimental varnish on eroded dentin. Braz Dent J 2023; 34:94-100. [PMID: 37466531 PMCID: PMC10355270 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202305325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This in vitro study evaluated the effect of an experimental varnish containing 20% nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) associated with 5% stannous chloride (SnCl2) against erosive-abrasive wear on bovine dentin. Samples of bovine cervical dentin were pre-eroded (0.3% citric acid, pH 2.6 for 10 minutes) and randomized into 4 groups (n=10): Control group - experimental varnish without active ingredient (CG); experimental varnish containing 20% nHAP (nHG); experimental varnish containing 5% SnCl2 (24.800 ppm Sn2+) (SnG); experimental varnish containing 20% nHAP associated with 5% SnCl2 (18.300 ppm Sn2+) (nHSnG). After applying the materials, the erosive-abrasive challenges were performed for five days. Erosive dentin loss and analysis of the pattern of dentinal obliteration were performed by 3D confocal laser microscopy. A one-way ANOVA/Bonferroni test was performed to analyze the data (α=0.05). The SnG and nHSnG experimental groups presented more effectiveness in preventing erosive wear when compared to the other groups (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the SnG and nHSnG groups (p = 0.731) in tooth structure dentin loss. Regarding the amount of open dentinal tubules, the highest amount of obstructed dentinal tubules was demonstrated in SnG and nHSnG (p < 0.05) when compared to the others. Between SnG and nHSnG there was no significant difference (p = 0.952) in the amount of closed dentinal tubules in the dentin. Experimental varnishes containing 5% SnCl2 associated or not with 20% nHAP showed to be a promising strategy in preventing erosive-abrasive wear of dentin. In addition, nHSnG was able to obliterate dentinal tubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Monteiro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Pará,
Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Milton Carlos Kuga
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University,
Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane de Melo Alencar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry,
University Center of the State of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Flemming J, Meyer-Probst CT, Hille K, Basche S, Speer K, Kölling-Speer I, Hannig C, Hannig M. Olive Oil as a Transport Medium for Bioactive Molecules of Plants?-An In Situ Study. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093803. [PMID: 37175213 PMCID: PMC10180205 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Caries and erosions still remain a challenge for preventive dentistry. Certain plant extracts have shown beneficial effects in preventive dentistry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial, anti-adherent and erosion-protective properties of ellagic acid (EA) as a polyphenolic agent. The combination with olive oil was investigated additionally to verify a possible improved bioactive effect of EA. (2) An in situ study was carried out with six subjects. Individual splints were prepared with bovine enamel specimens. The splints were worn for 1 min (pellicle formation time). Thereafter, 10 min rinses were performed with EA in water/in oil. Bacterial adherence was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy (DAPI, ConA, BacLight) after an 8 h oral exposition time. Additionally, the splints were worn for 30 min to quantify demineralization processes. The ultrastructure of the pellicle was investigated after an oral exposure time of 2 h under a transmission electron microscope. Statistical analysis was performed by Kruskal-Wallis tests, Mann-Whitney U tests and Bonferroni-Holm correction. (3) Rinsing with EA led to a significant reduction of adherent vital and dead bacteria. The combination with olive oil did not improve these outcomes. The assessment of glucan structures after rinsing with EA in water showed significant effects. Significant differences were observed for both rinses in calcium release at pH 3.0. After rinsing with EA in oil, significantly less calcium was released compared to rinsing with EA in water (pH = 3.0). (4) Olive oil is not suitable as a transport medium for lipophilic polyphenols. EA has anti-adherent and antibacterial properties in situ. EA also shows erosion-protective effects, which can be enhanced in combination with olive oil depending on the pH value. Ellagic acid has a neutral pH and could be an opportunity in the treatment of specific patient groups (xerostomia or mucositis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Flemming
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Clara Theres Meyer-Probst
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kristin Hille
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sabine Basche
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Karl Speer
- Special Food Chemistry and Food Production, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Isabelle Kölling-Speer
- Special Food Chemistry and Food Production, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital Saarland University, Building 73, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
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Konstantina C, William P, Kyriaki S, Konstantinos B, Anna-Bettina H. Prevalence and association of gastroesophageal reflux and dental erosion: An overview of reviews. J Dent 2023; 133:104520. [PMID: 37068653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this overview of reviews was to retrieve and evaluate the available evidence concerning the prevalence and association between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and erosive tooth wear (ETW). DATA A literature search was conducted in electronic databases and relative systematic reviews with or without meta-analyses were located. Updated supplemental search was also undertaken to identify additional primary studies. SOURCES Medline (via Pubmed), Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Register of Systematic Reviews, PROSPERO and Epistemonikos.org database were searched. Additional search of the grey literature, abstracts of conferences and meetings as well as manual search of the reference lists of retrieved studies, was also performed. STUDY SELECTION The search retrieved 116 systematic reviews of which 10 were considered eligible and eight additional primary studies. CONCLUSIONS GERD constitutes a risk factor for ETW and there is a positive association between the two conditions. In the present overview, despite the heterogeneity between studies and the low level of evidence, it was clearly supported that individuals with GERD have an increased probability of also presenting with signs of ETW. In special groups of population, a high association was found between GERD and ETW. The geographic location may affect the association between GERD and ETW, while regarding the effect of flow rate, buffering capacity of saliva and oral microbial changes caused by GERD, the results were controversial. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Appropriate preventive dental care should be considered for individuals with GERD and a multidisciplinary medical and dental approach for the management of individuals with ETW is advised. The results of this study can be used by dentists dealing with typical and atypical GERD signs and symptoms in the oral environment, but also by the physicians and gastroenterologists who need to motivate their patients for oral examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chatzidimitriou Konstantina
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Dentistry, 2 Thivon Str, 115 27, Goudi, Athens, Greece.
| | - Papaioannou William
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Dentistry, 2 Thivon Str, 115 27, Goudi, Athens, Greece.
| | - Seremidi Kyriaki
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Dentistry, 2 Thivon Str, 115 27, Goudi, Athens, Greece.
| | - Bougioukas Konstantinos
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Hygiene, Social-Preventive Medicine & Medical Statistics, Medical School, University Campus, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Haidich Anna-Bettina
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Hygiene, Social-Preventive Medicine & Medical Statistics, Medical School, University Campus, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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