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Elmahallawy EK, Ali FAZ, Raya-Álvarez E, Fehaid A, Abd El-Razik KA, El Fadaly HAM, El-Khadragy MF, Sayed ASM, Soror AH, Alhegaili AS, Saleh AA, Alkhaldi AAM, Madboli AENA, Agil A, Barakat AM. Ameliorative effects of propolis and wheat germ oil on acute toxoplasmosis in experimentally infected mice are associated with reduction in parasite burden and restoration of histopathological changes in the brain, uterus, and kidney. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1357947. [PMID: 38496314 PMCID: PMC10940321 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1357947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis continues to be a prevalent parasitic zoonosis with a global distribution. This disease is caused by an intracellular parasite known as Toxoplasma gondii, and the development of effective novel drug targets to combat it is imperative. There is limited information available on the potential advantages of wheat germ oil (WGO) and propolis, both individually and in combination, against the acute phase of toxoplasmosis. In this study, acute toxoplasmosis was induced in Swiss albino mice, followed by the treatment of infected animals with WGO and propolis, either separately or in combination. After 10 days of experimental infection and treatment, mice from all groups were sacrificed, and their brains, uteri, and kidneys were excised for histopathological assessment. Additionally, the average parasite load in the brain was determined through parasitological assessment, and quantification of the parasite was performed using Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction targeting gene amplification. Remarkably, the study found that treating infected animals with wheat germ oil and propolis significantly reduced the parasite load compared to the control group that was infected but not treated. Moreover, the group treated with a combination of wheat germ oil and propolis exhibited a markedly greater reduction in parasitic load compared to the other groups. Similarly, the combination treatment effectively restored the histopathological changes observed in the brain, uterus, and kidney, and the scoring of these reported lesions confirmed these findings. In summary, the present results reveal intriguing insights into the potential therapeutic benefits of wheat germ oil and propolis in the treatment of acute toxoplasmosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Zoonosis (GISAZ), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Fatma Abo Zakaib Ali
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Enrique Raya-Álvarez
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Av. de la Investigación s/n, Granada, Spain
| | - Alaa Fehaid
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Khaled A. Abd El-Razik
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Manal F. El-Khadragy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal S. M. Sayed
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Asyut, Egypt
| | - Ashraf H. Soror
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Alaa S. Alhegaili
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amira A. Saleh
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Abd El-Nasser A. Madboli
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmad Agil
- Department of Pharmacology, Biohealth Institute Granada (IBs Granada) and Neuroscience Institute, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Robea MA, Petrovici A, Ureche D, Nicoara M, Ciobica AS. Histopathological and Behavioral Impairments in Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) Chronically Exposed to a Cocktail of Fipronil and Pyriproxyfen. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1874. [PMID: 37763278 PMCID: PMC10533071 DOI: 10.3390/life13091874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lately, the high incidence of pesticide usage has attracted everyone's interest due to the serious effects produced. Fipronil (FIP) is a phenylpyrazole compound that acts on the insect's GABA neurotransmitter by inhibiting its activity. Moreover, the literature reports highlight its implication in neurodevelopmental abnormalities and oxidative stress production in different organisms. Similarly, pyriproxyfen (PYR) is known to affect insect activity by mimicking the natural hormones involved in the maturation of the young insects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of the mixture of these pesticides on the tissues and behavior of zebrafish. METHODS To assess the influence of this cocktail on zebrafish, three groups of animals were randomly selected and exposed to 0, 0.05, and 0.1 mg L-1 FIP and PYR mixture for five days. The fish were evaluated daily by the T-maze tests for locomotor activity and the light-dark test and recordings lasted four min. The data were quantified using the EthoVision software. RESULTS Our results indicated significant changes in locomotor activity parameters that showed increased levels following exposure to the mixture of FIP and PYR. On the other hand, the mixture also triggered anxiety in the zebrafish, which spent more time in the light area than in the dark area. In addition, mixture-induced histological changes were observed in the form of numerous hemosiderin deposits found in various zebrafish tissues. CONCLUSIONS The current findings indicate that the mixture of FIP and PYR can have considerable consequences on adult zebrafish and may promote or cause functional neurological changes in addition to histological ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalina Andreea Robea
- Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, 700505 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Adriana Petrovici
- Department of Preclinics, University of Life Sciences, 700490 Iasi, Romania
- Regional Center of Advanced Research for Emerging Diseases, Zoonoses and Food Safety, 700490 Iasi, Romania
- Department of Molecular Biology, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine “Ion Ionescu de la Brad”, 700489 Iasi, Romania
| | - Dorel Ureche
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Ecology and Environmental Protection, University “Vasile Alecsandri”, 600115 Bacau, Romania
| | - Mircea Nicoara
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, 700505 Iasi, Romania
- Doctoral School of Geosciences, Faculty of Geography and Geology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alin Stelian Ciobica
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, 700505 Iasi, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
- Center of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, 700506 Iasi, Romania
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Wen Z, Xu X, Xiang D, Xu J, Yang Q, Wang X, Liu J, Luo M, Wei W. Effects of Lipopolysaccharide and Deoxynivalenol on the Survival, Antioxidant and Immune Response, and Histopathology of Crayfish ( Procambarus clarkii). Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:479. [PMID: 37624236 PMCID: PMC10467083 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15080479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the aquatic environment has been reported to cause diseases in red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). In addition, deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the primary mycotoxins found in aquaculture. However, the potential synergistic toxic effects of LPS and DON on crayfish are yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, crayfish were exposed to LPS (1 mg kg-1), DON (3 mg kg-1), and their combination (1 mg kg-1 LPS + 3 mg kg-1 DON, L+D) for a duration of six days. Co-exposure to LPS and DON exhibited the lowest survival rate compared to the control or individual treatments with LPS or DON alone. In the initial stage of the experiment, the combined treatment of LPS and DON showed a more pronounced up-regulation of antioxidant and immune-related enzymes in the sera compared to the other treatment groups, with a fold change ranging from 1.3 to 15. In addition, the (L+D) treatment group showed a down-regulation of immune-related genes, as well as Toll pathway-related genes in the hepatopancreas compared to LPS or DON. Moreover, the (L+D) treatment group demonstrated a 100% incidence of histopathological changes in the hepatopancreas, which were significantly more severe compared to the other three groups. In conclusion, our study provides physiological and histopathological evidence that the co-exposure to LPS and DON exerted synergistic toxic effects on crayfish. The observed effects could potentially hinder the development of the crayfish aquaculture industry in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengrong Wen
- Engineering Research Centre of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Z.W.); (D.X.); (Q.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.X.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaoli Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.X.); (X.W.)
| | - Dan Xiang
- Engineering Research Centre of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Z.W.); (D.X.); (Q.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.X.); (X.W.)
| | - Junfeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.X.); (X.W.)
| | - Qiufeng Yang
- Engineering Research Centre of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Z.W.); (D.X.); (Q.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.X.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaofu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.X.); (X.W.)
| | - Jiashou Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China;
| | - Mingzhong Luo
- Engineering Research Centre of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Z.W.); (D.X.); (Q.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China;
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.X.); (J.X.); (X.W.)
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Al-Safar AHA, Jawad RAM, Khayoon HA, Alsaadawi MA, Zenad KH, Saeed ZF, Alkhaled MJ. Biochemical and histopathological changes in livers of rats poisoned with aluminum phosphide and treated with carrot extract. Environ Anal Health Toxicol 2023; 38:e2023014-0. [PMID: 37933108 PMCID: PMC10628400 DOI: 10.5620/eaht.2023014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The experimental studies of Aluminum Phosphide (AP) poisoning in rats revealed several clinical and pathological signs such as hemorrhage, sinusoidal dilatation, bile stasis, centrilobular necrosis, Kupffer cell hyperplasia, infiltration by mononuclear cells, and fatty infiltration in the liver tissues. This paper aimed to show the impact of carrots on the toxic effect of AP on the livers of adult rats (female). To investigate some biochemical and histopathological changes effects of AP in rats, sixty white female rats were equally divided into four groups, the first group (G1) was administered orally with 3mg/kg/ body weight of AP, the second group (G2) was orally treated with AP and 10% carrot extract at the same time. The third group (G3) administrated 10% carrot extract only. The fourth (G4) group was the negative control and was treated with distilled water only. The experiments continued for a month at the animal house of the Veterinary Medicine College of Baghdad University. The results revealed that high levels of liver enzymes and bilirubin were induced in G1 with decreasing total protein levels. The pathological examination revealed the presence of marked proliferation of Kupffer cells in G1 livers. However, the G2 group showed slight infiltration of lymphocytes in sinusoids. The pathological changes in the livers of G3 group showed slight cloudy swelling in hepatocytes compared with the normal texture of hepatocytes in G4. The data of this experiment showed that treatment with carrot extract significantly decreases the elevation in the level of liver function enzymes in animal poisoned with AP. In addition, treatment with carrot extract reduces the severe damage in the hepatic tissue that occurred in rats treated with AP only. In general, it could be concluded that treatment with carrot extract provides a remedial effect against the hepatotoxicity that is resulted from exposure to AP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zeayd Fadhil Saeed
- Nursing department, Technical Institute of Samawah, Al Furat Al Awsat Technical University, Iraq
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Qi K, Yi X, Wang M, Wang J, Sun H, Liang P, Xu J, Zheng H. Streptococcus parasuis, an Emerging Zoonotic Pathogen, Possesses the Capacity to Induce Cerebral Inflammatory Responses. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12040600. [PMID: 37111486 PMCID: PMC10141694 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12040600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, three Streptococcus parasuis strains, BS26, BS27, and NN1, have been isolated from the blood cultures of patients with peritonitis, pneumonia, and arthritis, indicating that S. parasuis is an emerging threat to susceptible people. There is thus an urgent need to further evaluate the pathogenesis of S. parasuis clinical strains in order to design efficient anti-inflammatory strategies. Our previous study demonstrated the capacity of S. parasuis clinical strains to enter the central nervous system (CNS) of infected mice. However, the characteristics and inflammatory mechanism of CNS infections caused by S. parasuis are still non-available. In the present study, we investigated the proportion and time of two clinical S. parasuis strains NN1 and BS26 infected mice that developed neurological symptoms. The characteristics of histopathological changes and the cerebral immune response in mice with neurological symptoms were analyzed. Furthermore, we evaluated the roles of microglia and astrocytes in the S. parasuis clinical strain-induced cerebral inflammation. Our data indicated that S. parasuis clinical strains possess a high potential to induce cerebral inflammation in susceptible people at the early phase of infection. Our study contributes to increasing the understanding of the pathogenicity of S. parasuis and the inflammatory mechanisms of the brain against infection caused by S. parasuis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xueli Yi
- Center for Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Mingliu Wang
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Pujun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
- Nanxishan Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin 541002, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Han Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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Yakubu Y, Ahmad MT, Chong CM, Ismail IS, Shaari K. Phenolic content of Terminalia catappa L. leaf and toxicity evaluation on red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis sp.). J Fish Biol 2023; 102:358-372. [PMID: 36333916 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite the use of Terminalia catappa (TC) leaf by traditional fish farmers around the world to improve the health status of cultured fish, there is a paucity of information on comprehensive metabolite profile and the maximum safe dose of the plant. This study aims at profiling the methanol leaf extract of T. catappa, quantifying total phenolic content (TPC) as well as the total flavonoid content (TFC) and evaluating its acute toxicity on blood, plasma biochemical parameters and histopathology of some vital organs in red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis sp.). The experimental fish were acclimatised for 2 weeks and divided into six groups. Group (1) served as a control group and was administered 0.2 ml,g-1 of phosphate buffer saline (PBS). Groups 2-6 were orally administered T. catappa leaf extracts (0.2 ml.50 g-1 ) in the following sequence; 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250 and 500 mg.kg-1 body weight. The metabolites identified in T. catappa using liquid chromatography-tandem mass electrospray ionisation spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) revealed the presence of organic acids, hydrolysable tannins, phenolic acids and flavonoids. Phenolic quantification revealed reasonable quantity of phenolic compounds (217.48 μg GAEmg-1 for TPC and 91.90 μg. QCEmg-1 for TFC). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in all the tested doses in terms of blood parameters and plasma biochemical analysis except for the packed cell volume (PCV) at 500 mg.kg-1 when compared to the control. Significant histopathological changes were observed in groups administered with the extract at 125, 250 and 500 mg.kg-1 doses. To a very large extent it is therefore safe to administer the extract at 31.25 and 62.5 mg.kg-1 in tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahaya Yakubu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Muhammad T Ahmad
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Chou M Chong
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Intan S Ismail
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Khozirah Shaari
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Karabulut G, Barlas N. Endocrine adverse effects of mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and monobutyl phthalate in male pubertal rats. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2022; 73:285-296. [PMID: 36607728 PMCID: PMC9985344 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering that research of adverse effects of mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) and monobutyl phthalate (MBP), two key metabolites of the most common phthalates used as plasticisers in various daily-life products, has been scattered and limited, the aim of our study was to provide a more comprehensive analysis by focusing on major organ systems, including blood, liver, kidney, and pancreas in 66 male pubertal rats randomised into eleven groups of six. The animals were receiving either metabolite at doses of 25, 50, 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg bw a day by gavage for 28 days. The control group was receiving corn oil. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected for biochemical, haematological, and immunological analyses. Samples of kidney, liver, and pancreas were dissected for histopathological analyses. Exposure to either compound resulted in increased liver and decreased pancreas weight, especially at the highest doses. Exposed rats had increased ALT, AST, glucose, and triglyceride levels and decreased total protein and albumin levels. Both compounds increased MCV and decreased haemoglobin levels compared to control. Although they also lowered the insulin level, exposed rats had negative islet cell and insulin antibodies, same as control. Treatment-related histopathological changes included sinusoidal degeneration in the liver, glomerular degeneration in the kidney, and degeneration of pancreatic islets. Our findings document toxic outcomes of MEHP and MBP on endocrine organs in male pubertal rats but also suggest the need for additional studies to better understand the mechanisms behind adverse effects in chronic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gözde Karabulut
- Dumlupınar University Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Nurhayat Barlas
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ankara, Turkey
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Barakat AM, Fadaly HAME, Gareh A, Abd El-Razik KA, Ali FAZ, Saleh AA, Sadek SAS, Dahran N, El-Gendy AENG, El-Khadragy MF, Elmahallawy EK. Wheat Germ Oil and Propolis Decrease Parasite Burden and Restore Marked Histopathological Changes in Liver and Lung in Mice with Chronic Toxoplasmosis. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12223069. [PMID: 36428297 PMCID: PMC9686545 DOI: 10.3390/ani12223069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic zoonotic disease with a worldwide distribution. Its effects can be critical in immunocompromised patients. However, there is a limited availability of effective, low-toxicity drugs against this disease, particularly in its chronic form. The present study evaluated the effect of propolis and wheat germ oil (WGO) as safe, natural products to reduce Toxoplasma cysts in experimentally infected mice. For the experiment, five groups (10 mice per group) were examined: Group 1: negative control (noninfected, nontreated); Group 2: positive control (infected, nontreated); Group 3: infected and treated with WGO at a dose of 0.2 mg/1.5 mL per kg body weight/day; Group 4: infected and treated with 0.1 mL propolis extract/day; and Group 5: infected and treated with a combination of WGO and propolis at the same doses as Group 3 and 4. After the mice were sacrificed, liver and lung specimens underwent histopathological examination, and the parasite burden was investigated by parasitological methods and quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Notably, the results showed a substantial decrease in parasitic burden in Group 5 compared to the control group. These results were further confirmed by molecular analysis and quantification of the DNA concentration of the Toxoplasma P29 gene after treatment in all tested samples. Furthermore, the combination of propolis and WGO restored all histopathological changes in the liver and lungs. Taken together, these findings provide remarkably promising evidence of the effects of the combination of WGO and propolis against chronic toxoplasmosis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Mohamed Barakat
- Department of Zoonotic Diseases, National Research Centre, El Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Gareh
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan 24101, Egypt
| | - Khaled A. Abd El-Razik
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Fatma Abo Zakaib Ali
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Amira A. Saleh
- Department of Human Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Sabry A. S. Sadek
- Department of Zoonotic Diseases, National Research Centre, El Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Naief Dahran
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abd El-Nasser G. El-Gendy
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Manal F. El-Khadragy
- Department of biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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Zhang W, Jiao Z, Huang H, Wu Y, Wu H, Liu Z, Zhang Z, An Q, Cheng Y, Chen S, Man C, Du L, Wang F, Chen Q. Effects of Pasteurella multocida on Histopathology, miRNA and mRNA Expression Dynamics in Lung of Goats. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12121529. [PMID: 35739866 PMCID: PMC9219503 DOI: 10.3390/ani12121529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida (Pm) infection causes severe respiratory disease in goats. We investigated the effects of the Pm infection intratracheally on the histopathology, miRNA and mRNA expression dynamics in the lung of goats infected for 1, 2, 5 and 7 days. Pm infection caused fever, which significantly (p < 0.05) increased the body temperature of the goats from day 1 to 5. Haemotoxylin−eosin staining of the infected lung tissue showed characteristics of suppurative pneumonia with inflammatory cells infiltration and the lung structure destruction. During the Pm infection of the goats, compared with the control group, there were 3080, 3508, 2716 and 2675 differentially expressed genes and 42, 69, 91 and 108 significantly expressed miRNAs (|log2Fold Change| > 1, p < 0.05) in the Pm_d1, Pm_d2, Pm_d5 and Pm_d7 groups, respectively. Five miRNAs and nine immune-related genes were selected for confirmation by reverse transcription−polymerase chain reaction. The results indicated that the expression patterns of the miRNAs and genes were consistent with those determined by next-generation sequencing. The differentially expressed genes were enriched in cytokine−cytokine receptor interaction, cell adhesion molecules, complement and coagulation cascades, tight junction and phagosome Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways and cytokine production, leukocyte migration, myeloid leukocyte migration, cell periphery, plasma membrane, extracellular region part, extracellular region and other Gene Ontology terms. The differentially expressed genes were mapped to marker genes in human and mouse lung cells. The results showed the presence of some marker genes of the immune cells. Compared with the CK group, five miRNAs and 892 common genes were differentially expressed in the Pm_d1, Pm_d2, Pm_d5 and Pm_d7 groups. The target relationships between the common 5 miRNAs and 892 differentially expressed genes were explored and the miRNAs involved in the host immune reaction may act through the target genes. Our study characterized goats’ reaction in the lung from histopathological and molecular changes upon Pm infection, which will provide valuable information for understanding the responses in goats during Pm infection.
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10
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Păunică S, Zurac SA, Dumitriu AS, Popa Ş, Socoliuc CG, Giurgiu MC. Role of histopathology in the management of the gingival enlargement in a patient on antihypertensive therapy based on calcium channel blockers: a case report. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2022; 63:253-259. [PMID: 36074692 PMCID: PMC9593120 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.63.1.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal pathology is often represented by increases in gingival volume, with pronounced inflammatory phenomena. These manifestations require a more accurate diagnosis and knowledge of the etiopathogenic factors involved. The periodontal treatment applied must be related with the etiopathogenic circumstances. Periodontal disease sometimes has a complex appearance, with intertwined local and systemic favorable factors that make it difficult to include it in a certain taxonomic form. Also, in general, the adult patients have associated chronic diseases that involve the administration of several drugs, which induce on long-term both therapeutic and side effects. Furthermore, diseases in the oral cavity may occur frequently, which require complex and associated dental and periodontal treatment, also occlusal rebalancing, which is a real interdisciplinary challenge. In this case report, periodontal status is determined by a combination of local and systemic favorable factors. However, the histopathological analysis of the gingival samples revealed inflammation without characteristic fibrous hyperplasia changes of the Amlodipine calcium channel blocker (CCB) administration, the antihypertensive medication of the patient. Thus, Amlodipine does not have a hyperplasic effect on gingival mucosa in all cases. Therefore, even if they are more expensive, investigations must be complex, if necessary, in establishing the involvement of the side effect of the systemic medication in periodontal pathological changes. CCB systemic medication is essential, even vital, for maintain the arterial pressure at normal values, should not be altered without the real indication and to the recommendation from a specialist doctor, and the periodontal treatment must be focused to eliminate the local factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stana Păunică
- Department of Periodontology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sabina Andrada Zurac
- Department of Pathology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Silvia Dumitriu
- Department of Periodontology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ştefana Popa
- Department of Periodontology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Marina Cristina Giurgiu
- Department of Periodontology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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Katta M, Cumpătă CN, Ţuculină MJ, Lazăr AC, Manolea HO, Mocanu H, Mărăşescu FI, Petrescu SMS, Dascălu IT, Dascălu IT. Clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical changes of the superficial marginal periodontium caused by orthodontic treatment with fixed metallic orthodontic appliances. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2022; 63:431-438. [PMID: 36374148 PMCID: PMC9801678 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.63.2.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Malocclusions negatively influence dental function, physical well-being, and quality of life. According to data provided by the World Health Organization (WHO), malocclusions represent the third most widespread oral health problem, after dental caries and periodontal diseases. In recent years, more and more people call for orthodontic treatment with fixed braces that aim at establishing a dental, aesthetic, and functional balance, compatible with a normal life. Our study assessed the histopathological and immunohistochemical changes that occurred in superficial marginal periodontal components, in a number of 23 patients diagnosed with malocclusions, as a result of orthodontic treatment with fixed metal braces. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the remodeling of the tissues in the superficial periodontium during orthodontic migration, microscopic aspects that are essential to evaluate the effectiveness of the orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Katta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Titu Maiorescu University, Bucharest, Romania; ; Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania;
| | - Cristian Niky Cumpătă
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Titu Maiorescu University, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Jana Ţuculină
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Adela Cristina Lazăr
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Horia Octavian Manolea
- Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Horia Mocanu
- Department of ENT & HNS, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Felicia Ileana Mărăşescu
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | | | - Ionela Teodora Dascălu
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
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Bogucka J, Dankowiakowska A, Stanek M, Stadnicka K, Kirkiłło-Stacewicz K. Effect of synbiotics administered in ovo on microvascularization and histopathological changes in pectoral muscle and the biochemical profile of broiler chicken blood. Poult Sci 2021; 101:101628. [PMID: 35033907 PMCID: PMC8762467 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether injecting synbiotics to the egg air chamber on d 12 of embryo incubation will affect the processes of angiogenesis, and thus the share of histopathological changes in superficial pectoral muscle, as well as Ca and P in blood of 42-day-old broiler chickens. The eggs containing viable embryos were injected with 0.2 mL suspension of 1/physiological saline, 2/SYN1 composed of galactooligosaccharide (GOS) (trade name: Bi2tos®, Clasado Biosciences Ltd, UK) and L. salivarius or 3/SYN2 composed of RFO and L. plantarum. All birds were fed ad libitum the standard commercial feed mixtures: starter, grower, and finisher, with a constant access to water and feed. Injecting synbiotics in ovo on d 12 of the embryonal development significantly affected the blood supply to superficial breast muscle in broiler chickens. The highest density of capillaries in the muscle area under study and per muscle fiber were identified in the group of birds the egg air chamber of which was provided with synbiotic GOS+L. salivarius. Consequently, for the muscles of the birds injected with the same synbiotic there was found the highest share of normal fibers and least necrosis and splitting, as compared with the control. The conducted research confirms the relationship between the blood supply to the muscle and the occurrence of pathological changes. We have observed a positive effect of synbiotics on the microvascularization and the size of histopathological changes in the chicken muscle, which, from a practical perspective, can affect the health status and the meat quality. Blood biochemical analyses showed that the in ovo injection of synbiotics did not significantly affect the level of parameters, except for Ca and P. A significant increase in the concentration of these minerals in the blood of chickens injected with SYN1 could have a positive effect on the angiogenesis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Bogucka
- Department of Animal Physiology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 28 Mazowiecka, 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Agata Dankowiakowska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 28 Mazowiecka, 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Stanek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 28 Mazowiecka, 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Stadnicka
- Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 28 Mazowiecka, 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kirkiłło-Stacewicz
- Department of Animal Physiology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 28 Mazowiecka, 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Chen S, Yu J, Ruan R, Li Y, Tao Y, Shen Q, Cui Z, Shen C, Wang H, Jin J, Chen M, Jin C, Wang S. "Pink Pattern" Visualized in Magnifying Endoscopy With Narrow-Band Imaging Is a Novel Feature of Early Differentiated Gastric Cancer: A Bridge Between Endoscopic Images and Histopathological Changes. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:763675. [PMID: 34869471 PMCID: PMC8634361 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.763675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A pink color change occasionally found by us under magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI) may be a special feature of early gastric cancer (EGC), and was designated the “pink pattern”. The purposes of this study were to determine the relationship between the pink pattern and the cytopathological changes in gastric cancer cells and whether the pink pattern is useful for the diagnosis of EGC. Methods: The color features of ME-NBI images and pathological images of cancerous gastric mucosal surfaces were extracted and quantified. The cosine similarity was calculated to evaluate the correlation between the pink pattern and the nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio of cancerous epithelial cells. Two diagnostic tests were performed by 12 endoscopists using stored ME-NBI images of 185 gastric lesions to investigate the diagnostic efficacy of the pink pattern for EGC. The diagnostic values, such as the area under the curve (AUC), the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV), of test 1 and test 2 were compared. Results: The cosine similarity between the color values of ME-NBI images and pathological images of 20 lesions was at least 0.744. The median AUC, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of test 2 were significantly better than those of test 1 for all endoscopists and for the junior and experienced groups. Conclusions: The pink pattern observed in ME-NBI images correlated strongly with the change in the nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio of gastric epithelial cells, and could be considered a useful marker for the diagnosis of differentiated EGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengsen Chen
- Department of Endoscopy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiangping Yu
- Department of Endoscopy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongwei Ruan
- Department of Endoscopy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yandong Li
- Department of Endoscopy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yali Tao
- Department of Endoscopy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiwen Shen
- Department of Endoscopy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhao Cui
- Department of Endoscopy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Shen
- Hithink RoyalFlush Information Network Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huogen Wang
- Hithink RoyalFlush Information Network Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayan Jin
- Hithink RoyalFlush Information Network Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Hithink RoyalFlush Information Network Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaohui Jin
- Hithink RoyalFlush Information Network Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shi Wang
- Department of Endoscopy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Ali I, Khan S, Shah K, Haroon, Kalimullah, Bian L. Microscopic analysis of plant-mediated silver nanoparticle toxicity in rainbow trout fish (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:2302-2310. [PMID: 34048107 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, nanoscience and the application of nanomaterials have gained the attention of researchers due to their enormous application history. Especially, the application of AgNPs providing innovative solutions to a wide range of environmental issues, for instance, wastewater treatment, bioremediations, and environmental sensing. Besides all these, the environmental application of silver nanomaterials causes severe problems in the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. For their concern, the present study was conducted to expose rainbow trout fish (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to different concentrations of silver nanoparticles for 25 days. In the current study, mortality (LC50 ), accumulation, and histopathological changes were analyzed. The results have revealed that the silver nanoparticles were mostly accumulated in the liver followed by the intestine, gill, and muscles. The microscopic analysis has shown that the accumulation of silver nanoparticles led to histological changes in gill and intestinal tissues. Necrosis, degeneration, mucus substance on the surface of gill lamella, cell lysis, and gill lamella atrophy were found at (0.04 mg/L) and (0.06 mg/L). The findings in the current study showed less toxicity in the sense of mortality and accumulation of AgNPs. Therefore, further systematic studies are needed to access the influence of silver nanoparticles on the aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Ali
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuaib Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Khadim Shah
- Institutes and Key Laboratories, Chemistry Department, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Haroon
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kalimullah
- Department of Zoology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Liujiao Bian
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Hatano T, Fukasawa N, Miyano C, Wiederkehr I, Miyawaki T. Pathological Changes in Axillary Hyperhidrosis and Axillary Osmidrosis Induced by Microwave Treatment: Comparison of Single- and Double-Pass Irradiation. Lasers Surg Med 2021; 53:1220-1226. [PMID: 34036606 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To analyze histopathological changes and degree of damage to the axillary tissue due to single- and double-pass irradiation therapy using a microwave energy-based device. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: We included 15 axillary hyperhidrosis and axillary osmidrosis patients who received microwave irradiation therapy between March 2017 and March 2019. Ten patients underwent single-pass irradiation and five underwent double-pass irradiation, after which skin samples were collected from the right and left axillae for pathological analysis. Samples were taken in a consistent manner from Patient 6 onwards and a comparative study of five single-pass and five double-pass patients was conducted (n = 10). RESULTS Histopathological analysis showed destruction and fibrosis in addition to necrosis and damage to the adipose tissue in apocrine and eccrine sweat glands. In the superficial microvasculature, blood vessel wall damage and thrombus formation were observed as well as damage in the hair follicles and hair bulbs. No obvious damage was observed in the epidermis and nerves. The amount of damage to sweat glands was higher in patients undergoing double-pass instead of single-pass irradiation. CONCLUSION From a histopathological point of view, microwave energy-based irradiation therapy can be considered efficient, as there was no damage to epidermis and nerves and favorable destruction of apocrine and eccrine glands. As the amount of damaged sweat glands was higher after double-pass irradiation, it can be considered more effective than single-pass irradiation. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoka Hatano
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishinbashi, Minato City, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Nei Fukasawa
- Department of Pathology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishinbashi, Minato City, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Chigusa Miyano
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishinbashi, Minato City, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Iris Wiederkehr
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishinbashi, Minato City, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyawaki
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishinbashi, Minato City, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
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El-Ouady F, Lahrach N, Ajebli M, Haidani AE, Eddouks M. Antihyperglycemic Effect of the Aqueous Extract of Foeniculum vulgare in Normal and Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2021; 20:54-63. [PMID: 31195951 DOI: 10.2174/1871525717666190612121516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is associated with high blood glucose levels due to insulin shortcoming (insulinopenia) or defective insulin action. The objective of the study was to investigate the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of Foeniculum vulgare in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. METHODS The effects of the leaves aqueous extract (LAE) of Foeniculum vulgare (F. vulgare) at a dose of 10 mg/kg on blood glucose levels were evaluated in normal and streptozotocin (STZ)- induced diabetic rats. Histopathological changes were also evaluated in liver in STZ-induced rats. RESULTS Single oral administration of F. vulgare LAE reduced blood glucose levels 6 h after administration in STZ diabetic rats (p<0.0001). Furthermore, blood glucose levels were decreased in both normal (p<0.05) and STZ diabetic rats (p<0.0001) after the fifteenth day of treatment. During this test, both groups did not show any significant change in their body weight. Moreover, this aqueous extract improved oral glucose tolerance in diabetic rats and revealed a positive effect on liver histology. On the other hand, the extract used in this experiment showed an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 50% of free radicals with a concentration of 43±1.19 µg/ml. While the synthetic antioxidant (BHT) had an IC50 equal to 22.67±2.17µg /ml. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the antihyperglycemic, hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of the leaves of F. vulgare in normal and diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadwa El-Ouady
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, BP 509, Boutalamine, 52000, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Nadia Lahrach
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, BP 509, Boutalamine, 52000, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Ajebli
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, BP 509, Boutalamine, 52000, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Ahmed E Haidani
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, BP 509, Boutalamine, 52000, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Eddouks
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, BP 509, Boutalamine, 52000, Errachidia, Morocco
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Mravčáková D, Sobczak-Filipiak M, Váradyová Z, Kucková K, Čobanová K, Maršík P, Tauchen J, Vadlejch J, Mickiewicz M, Kaba J, Várady M. Effect of Artemisia absinthium and Malva sylvestris on Antioxidant Parameters and Abomasal Histopathology in Lambs Experimentally Infected with Haemonchus contortus. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020462. [PMID: 33572477 PMCID: PMC7916408 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of Artemisia absinthium and Malva sylvestris on antioxidant response and histopathological changes in the abomasa of the Haemonchus contortus infected lambs. Twenty-four lambs were divided into four groups: unsupplemented lambs (UNS), lambs supplemented with A. absinthium (ART), lambs supplemented with M. sylvestris (MAL), and lambs supplemented with both plants (ARTMAL). Lambs were infected orally with approximately 5000 third-stage (L3) larvae of H. contortus. The experiment was conducted for 75 d (days), all animals were then slaughtered; and the abomasal tissues were examined for antioxidant parameters and histopathology. The concentration of malondialdehyde in the abomasal mucosa was lower in ARTMAL (p < 0.05), and the total antioxidant capacity was higher in MAL (p < 0.05), than in UNS. Increased mucus production was observed in the ARTMAL. The number of mast cells in UNS and ART was significantly higher than the number in MAL (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05). Plasma cell numbers were higher in ARTMAL than the number in MAL (p < 0.05). Abomasal tissue regenerated more frequently in ARTMAL. These results represent the first report of the impact of A. absinthium and M. sylvestris on antioxidant parameters and local immune responses of abomasal mucosa of lambs infected with a GIN parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Mravčáková
- Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (Z.V.); (K.K.); (K.Č.)
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (M.V.); Tel.: +421-55-792-2972 (D.M.); +421-55-633-1411-13 (M.V.)
| | - Małgorzata Sobczak-Filipiak
- Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Zora Váradyová
- Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (Z.V.); (K.K.); (K.Č.)
| | - Katarína Kucková
- Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (Z.V.); (K.K.); (K.Č.)
| | - Klaudia Čobanová
- Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (Z.V.); (K.K.); (K.Č.)
| | - Peter Maršík
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 165 02 Lysolaje, Czech Republic;
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, 165 00 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic;
| | - Jan Tauchen
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, 165 00 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic;
| | - Jaroslav Vadlejch
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, 165 00 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic;
| | - Marcin Mickiewicz
- Division of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Jaroslaw Kaba
- Division of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Marián Várady
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (M.V.); Tel.: +421-55-792-2972 (D.M.); +421-55-633-1411-13 (M.V.)
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Ali FF, Al-Taee SK, Al-Jumaa ZM. Isolation, molecular identification, and pathological lesions of Saprolegnia spp. isolated from common carp, Cyprinus carpio in floating cages in Mosul, Iraq. Vet World 2020; 13:2759-2764. [PMID: 33487995 PMCID: PMC7811552 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.2759-2764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Saprolegniasis is a fungal disease that infects freshwater fish. The condition is characterized by a cotton-like appearance in the gills and body. This study aimed to isolate Saprolegnia from common carp, Cyprinus carpio, raised in a floating cage in Wana district, Mosul, Iraq. Materials and Methods: Samples were collected from 15 infected fish and examined microbiologically, molecularly, and histopathologically. Saprolegnia DNA was extracted which was amplified using universal primers give a 540 bp DNA fragment, and gill and muscle tissue were also examined for histopathological changes. Results: Isolated colonies of Saprolegnia were characterized by a circular, white cottony appearance with long hair. Lactophenol staining demonstrated hyphae as branched non-septate, transparent masses. The genomic DNA of isolates was consistent with Saprolegnia spp. The infected tissue samples showed variable pathology in gills. Severe hemorrhage and edema were observed in primary gill filaments with hyperplasia in epithelial cells and infusion in secondary gill filaments. Hyphae of Saprolegnia were seen between necrotic and edematous myofiber with inflammatory cells infiltration. Conclusion: Saprolegnia can cause economic impacts through lethal infection of fish. Clinical signs of Saprolegnia infection were confirmed molecularly and microscopically, and these findings were supported by histopathological lesions in gill and muscle tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawwaz Fadhil Ali
- Department of Animal Production, Institute of Mosul, Northern Technical University, Mosul, Iraq
| | - Shahbaa Khalil Al-Taee
- Department of Pathology and poultry diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mosul, Iraq
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Bálentová S, Adamkov M. Pathological changes in the central nervous system following exposure to ionizing radiation. Physiol Res 2020; 69:389-404. [PMID: 32469226 PMCID: PMC8648310 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental studies in animals provide relevant knowledge about pathogenesis of radiation-induced injury to the central nervous system. Radiation-induced injury can alter neuronal, glial cell population, brain vasculature and may lead to molecular, cellular and functional consequences. Regarding to its fundamental role in the formation of new memories, spatial navigation and adult neurogenesis, the majority of studies have focused on the hippocampus. Most recent findings in cranial radiotherapy revealed that hippocampal avoidance prevents radiation-induced cognitive impairment of patients with brain primary tumors and metastases. However, numerous preclinical studies have shown that this problem is more complex. Regarding the fact, that the radiation-induced cognitive impairment reflects hippocampal and non-hippocampal compartments, it is highly important to investigate molecular, cellular and functional changes in different brain regions and their integration at clinically relevant doses and schedules. Here, we provide a literature review in order support the translation of preclinical findings to clinical practice and improve the physical and mental status of patients with brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bálentová
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic.
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Abalaka SE, Enem SI, Idoko IS, Sani NA, Tenuche OZ, Ejeh SA, Sambo WK. Heavy Metals Bioaccumulation and Health Risks with Associated Histopathological Changes in Clarias gariepinus from the Kado Fish Market, Abuja, Nigeria. J Health Pollut 2020; 10:200602. [PMID: 32509403 PMCID: PMC7269322 DOI: 10.5696/2156-9614-10.26.200602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aquatic pollution by heavy metals has become a global problem and is of great concern due to the detrimental effects on aquatic ecosystems and possible human uptake. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to evaluate tissue bioaccumulations of heavy metals and possible human health risks in addition to associated cellular damages in fish for sale in a fish market in Abuja, Nigeria. METHODS Clarias gariepinus sold at the Kado Fish Market in Abuja, Nigeria, in March-April 2017 and March-April 2018 were randomly purchased and sampled. The heavy metal contents of the sampled fish were assayed and used to assess the extent of potential health risks to human consumers. The extent of histopathological changes associated with the bioaccumulations in the sampled fish were also evaluated according to standard procedures. RESULTS Levels of most heavy metals were above permissible limits, except for lower levels of zinc (Zn) in liver and muscle and higher levels of lead (Pb) in muscle in the sampled fish. Similarly, significant (p<0.05) liver bioaccumulation occurred for Zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), and copper (Cu) compared to their levels in muscle. The total hazard index (non-cancer risk across all metals) was 0.0415, which is very low and acceptable. The cancer risks ranged between the acceptable values of 1.98 × 10-5 - 3.71 × 10-6. Associated histopathological changes, which occurred in the sampled fish, differed between the various assayed tissues. CONCLUSIONS Most of the heavy metals were significantly bioaccumulated (p<0.05) and were above the permissible levels, particularly in liver samples. The levels of muscle heavy metal bioaccumulation in the sampled fish posed no apparent cancer or non-cancer health risks to human consumers. However, further efforts are needed to minimize heavy metal aquatic environmental pollution to safeguard the health of aquatic flora and fauna and human consumers because of the tendency of these pollutants to persist and bioaccumulate to toxic levels over time. COMPETING INTERESTS The authors declare no competing financial interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson E. Abalaka
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Simon I. Enem
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Idoko S. Idoko
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Nuhu A. Sani
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - Sunday A. Ejeh
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Wonder K. Sambo
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
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Abd El-Fattah Mohamed Osman H, Abd El-Fattah El-Battawy K, El-Deen Zakaria Abu Brayka A, Ismael Noor El-Deen A, Saad Zaki M, Saad Rabie N, Mohmed Kenawy A. Field Studies on Amyloodiniosis in Red Sea Cultured Asian Seabass (<i>Lates calcarifer</i>) and Hamour (<i>Epinephelus polyphekadion</i>). Pak J Biol Sci 2020; 22:349-355. [PMID: 31930846 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2019.349.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Amyloodinium ocellatum infects the gills and skin of both marine and brackish water fishes. The aim of the present study was to examine pathogenesis, prevalence, trials for treatment and histopathological alterations of Amyloodinosis in naturally infested Asian Seabass Barramundi Lates calcarifer and Hamour Epinephelus polyphekadion in Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total number of 1447 Red Sea cultured Seabass (Lates calcarifer) broadstock and a total number of 53 Red Sea cultured Hamour, Epinephelus polyphekadion broadstock were collected and subjected for the study. Fishes showed symptoms of sudden death and respiratory distress besides Amyloodiniosis on gills and skin. All fishes were treated with various treatment protocols while gills of naturally infected fishes were examined histopathologically. RESULTS The clinical signs of infested fishes were flashing, surfacing, off food and respiratory distress. The intensity of infestation of Amyloodiniosis was more sever in Asian Seabass than Epinephelus polyphekadion while treatment of choice was copper sulphate (prolonged bath), freshwater bath and formalin consequently. CONCLUSION Treatment of choice for Amyloodinium ocellatum infestation in Asian Seabass was copper sulphate (prolonged bath) followed by freshwater bath then formalin.
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Eddouks M, Khallouki F, Owen RW, Hebi M, Burcelin R. Evaluation of Glucose and Lipid Lowering Activity of Arganimide A in Normal and Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 19:503-510. [PMID: 30421687 DOI: 10.2174/1871530318666181113124727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Arganimide A (4,4-dihydroxy-3,3-imino-di-benzoic acid) is a compound belonging to a family of aminophenolics found in fruit of Argania spinosa. The purpose of this study was to investigate the glucose and lipid lowering activity of Arganimide A (ARG A). METHODS The effect of a single dose and daily oral administration of Arganimide A (ARG A) on blood glucose levels and plasma lipid profile was tested in normal and streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats at a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight. RESULTS Single oral administration of ARG A reduced blood glucose levels from 26.50±0.61 mmol/L to 14.27±0.73 mmol/L (p<0.0001) six hours after administration in STZ diabetic rats. Furthermore, blood glucose levels were decreased from 5.35±0.30 mmol/L to 3.57±0.17 mmol/L (p<0.0001) and from 26.50±0.61 mmol/L to 3.67±0.29 mmol/L (p<0.0001) in normal and STZ diabetic rats, respectively, after seven days of treatment. Moreover, no significant changes in body weight in normal and STZ rats were shown. According to the lipid profile, the plasma triglycerides levels were decreased significantly in diabetic rats after seven days of ARG treatment (p<0.05). Moreover, seven days of ARG A treatment decreased significantly the plasma cholesterol concentrations (p<0.001). CONCLUSION ARG A possesses glucose and lipid-lowering activity in diabetic rats and this natural compound may be beneficial in the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Eddouks
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, BP 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia, 52000, Morocco
| | - Farid Khallouki
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, BP 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia, 52000, Morocco
| | - Robert W Owen
- Division of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Morad Hebi
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, BP 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia, 52000, Morocco
| | - Remy Burcelin
- University of Toulouse, UPS, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Rangueil1(2) MC, INSERM, Toulouse, France
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El-Ouady F, Hajji L, Eddouks M. Effect of Terebinthus atlanticus on Glucose Metabolism in Diabetic Rats. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2020; 20:31-40. [PMID: 31475903 PMCID: PMC7360919 DOI: 10.2174/1871529x19666190902124018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Terebinthus atlanticus (Anacardiaceae) is an important source of essential oil and phenolic compounds justifying its use in traditional medicine. OBJECTIVE The present work aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic and the antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract of the leaves of Terebinthus atlanticus (T. atlanticus). METHODS The current study evaluated the effect of a single and repeated (15 days of treatment) oral administration of the aqueous extract of the leaves of T. atlanticus (PALAE) on blood glucose levels in normal and streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Furthermore, the effect of PALAE on glucose tolerance and histopathological examination of the liver was carried out. RESULTS A single oral administration of PALAE reduced blood glucose levels in normal (p<0.05), and STZ diabetic rats (p<0.0001), 6 and 4 hours after administration, respectively. Furthermore, this extract had an optimal effect (p<0.0001) in both normal and STZ diabetic rats at the 15th and 7th day of treatment. This extract was also shown to prevent significantly the increase on blood glucose levels 120 min after glucose administration, in both normal (p<0.05), and diabetic (p<0.01) treated rats when compared to the control group. In addition, the histopathological analysis highlighted the positive effect of T. atlanticus on pancreas and liver. CONCLUSION The study demonstrates the antihyperglycemic effect of the aqueous T. atlanticus extracts in diabetic rats which should be mediated through the amelioration of the oxidative stress as well as an improvement in liver histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadwa El-Ouady
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, BP 509, Boutalamine, 52000, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Lhoussaine Hajji
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, BP 509, Boutalamine, 52000, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Eddouks
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, BP 509, Boutalamine, 52000, Errachidia, Morocco
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Abstract
Context: Heart, kidneys, and liver are the vital organs present in vertebrates and some other animals. They have a wide range of functions, such as maintaining homeostasis, detoxification, protein synthesis, and production of biochemical, that are necessary for digestion and maintaining circulation. These organs are necessary for the survival, and currently, there are no means to compensate for the absence of their functionalities in a long term. The damage of liver can affect other vital organs, including kidneys and heart. Aims: This study aimed at investigating the effect of sorrel extract in the treatment of some of the diseases of liver, kidneys, and heart using experimental animals. Settings and Design: This study is a randomized, controlled clinical trial. Materials and Methods: Forty mature male albino rats, weighing 150–160 g, were used and divided into four equal groups. One group was kept as negative control (C −ve) group whereas the other three groups were injected subcutaneously (s/c) with carbon tetrachloride in 50% V/V paraffin oil (2 ml/kg b.wt.). Tissue specimens were obtained from all the groups and fixed in 10% formalin for histopathological examination. Statistical Analysis Used: The obtained data were statistically analyzed using computerized Superior Performing Statistical Software (SPSS) at SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA. Effects of different treatments were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance test using Duncan's multiple range test, and P < 0.05 was also used to indicate the significance level between different groups (Snedecor and Cochran, 1967). Results: The resulting data showed that the sorrel extract demonstrated a significant enhancement in liver intoxication and all other tested parameters. In addition, it also helped in minimizing the structural tissue damages in the vital organs. Conclusions: According to these results, sorrel can impair the liver function and maintain the functions of the vital organs. SUMMARY All rats, poisoned with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and administrated with all tested herbs, showed a significant increase in BWG as compared to the control (+ve) group Sorrel extract demonstrates a significant enhancement in liver intoxication and all other tested parameters and can reduce the lipid peroxidation in CCl4-induced liver damage All rats, poisoned with CCl4 and orally fed with all tested herbs, showed a significant decrease in the mentioned parameters when compared to control (+ve) group.
Abbreviations Used: ALT: Alanine transaminase; AST: Aspartate transaminase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; ALB: Albumin; BWG%: Body weight gain percentage; CCl4: Carbon tetrachloride; CAT: Catalase; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; GSH-Px: Glutathione peroxidase; GLOB: Globulin; iNOS: Inducible nitric oxide synthase; MDA: Malondialdehyde; RP: Rumex patientia; SOD: Superoxide dismutase; TP: Total protein; TC: Total cholesterol; TGs: Riglycerides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Glil Alkushi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Farid O, Hebi M, Ajebli M, Hidani AE, Eddouks M. Antidiabetic effect of Ruta montana L. in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 28:275-282. [PMID: 28121617 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2016-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ruta montana (L.) is known as a medicinal plant with many beneficial effects, including those that can be used in the treatment of diabetes. The objective of the study was to investigate the antidiabetic effect of this plant in diabetic rat. METHODS This study investigated the effects of an aerial part aqueous extract (APAE) of Ruta montana (L.) (RM) at a dose of 5 mg/kg on blood glucose levels in normal and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Histopathological changes were also evaluated in liver and pancreas both in normal and STZ-induced rats. The effect of this aqueous extract on glucose tolerance was demonstrated in normal rats. Furthermore, the relative organ weight (ROW) of liver, kidney, pancreas, and brown adipose tissue were evaluated after 15 days of daily oral administration of the aqueous extract. RESULTS Both single and repeated oral doses of APAE (5 mg/kg) produced significant reductions in the blood glucose levels in normal and STZ-induced rats. Oral glucose tolerance test results showed that, after the administration of 3 g/kg of glucose, RM APAE (5 mg/kg) improved the increase in blood glucose levels in normal rats at the 30th min (p<0.01) and 90th min (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS RM APAE exhibits a potent hypoglycemic effect in normal rats and an antidiabetic effect in STZ-induced rats. This finding supports the use of this plant in traditional Moroccan medicine for diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Farid
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, Boutalamine, Errachidia
| | - Morad Hebi
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, Boutalamine, Errachidia
| | - Mohammed Ajebli
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, Boutalamine, Errachidia
| | - Ahmed El Hidani
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, Boutalamine, Errachidia
| | - Mohamed Eddouks
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, Boutalamine, Errachidia
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Zawacka M, Murawska D, Gesek M. The effect of age and castration on the growth rate, blood lipid profile, liver histology and feed conversion in Green-legged Partridge cockerels and capons. Animal 2017; 11:1017-26. [PMID: 27842621 DOI: 10.1017/S1751731116002378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The surgical castration of male chickens induces hormonal changes, which permanently influence metabolic processes in birds. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of age and castration on the growth rate, feed conversion, lipid profile and histopathological changes in the livers of cockerels and capons. The experimental materials comprised male chickens of the Green-legged Partridge breed (old traditional Polish chicken breed), raised to 28 weeks of age. At 8 weeks of age, 100 birds were castrated. Caponization had a significant effect on the plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triacylglycerols (P<0.05). Fatty degeneration and lymphoid cell infiltration were observed more frequently in the livers of capons than cockerels. Capon carcasses were characterized by increased deposition of abdominal and subcutaneous fat (P<0.05). Total meat weight in the carcasses of cockerels and capons was similar, but the proportions of muscles were different. From 20 weeks of age, the weight of breast muscles was higher, and the weight of leg muscles was lower in capons than in cockerels (P<0.05). Capons were characterized by higher liver weight, higher gizzard weight and lower heart weight than cockerels (P<0.05). The feed conversion ratio (kg/kg BW) was similar in intact cockerels and capons. The values of carcass quality parameters and feed conversion ratio as well as histopathological changes in the liver indicate that Green-legged Partridge capons should be slaughtered at 20 to 24 weeks of age.
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Xie TY, Li Q, Chen XY. Histopathological changes in retinas and F-ERG features of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats treated with ozone. Int J Ophthalmol 2016; 9:816-20. [PMID: 27366680 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2016.06.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To study the histopathological changes in the retina and flash electroretinogram (F-ERG) features of ozone-treated streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. METHODS Seventy male Sprague Dawley rats were grouped as follows: blank group (GB, n=10), model control group (GM, n=18), ozone group (GO3, n=19), and oxygen group (GO2, n=18). The model was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of STZ. Ozone or oxygen enteroclysm was given twice per week for 4wk. F-ERG and histopathological examinations were performed one month after treatment. RESULTS Under dark adaption, as compared to GB, the other groups each had differential decreases in the a-wave amplitudes (P<0.05); the latencies were delayed in GM, GO2, and GO3 rats (P<0.05). Similar results were observed under light adaption, with the exception that the a-wave of the amplitudes (F=0.28, P>0.05). There were significant differences in the apoptosis index among the groups (P<0.05). Under ozone treatment, apoptosis was decreased in GO3 as compared to GM and GO2. CONCLUSION Ozone administration alleviates nerve damage and reduces pathology and apoptosis in the retinas of diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yu Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi 830011, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi 830011, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xue-Yi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi 830011, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
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Ghalehnoei H, Ahmadzadeh A, Farzi N, Alebouyeh M, Aghdaei HA, Azimzadeh P, Molaei M, Zali MR. Relationship between ureB Sequence Diversity, Urease Activity and Genotypic Variations of Different Helicobacter pylori Strains in Patients with Gastric Disorders. Pol J Microbiol 2016; 65:153-159. [PMID: 30015438 DOI: 10.5604/17331331.1204761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Association of the severity of Helicobacter pylori induced diseases with virulence entity of the colonized strains was proven in some studies. Urease has been demonstrated as a potent virulence factor for H. pylori. The main aim of this study was investigation of the relationships of ureB sequence diversity, urease activity and virulence genotypes of different H. pylori strains with histopathological changes of gastric tissue in infected patients suffering from different gastric disorders. Analysis of the virulence genotypes in the isolated strains indicated significant associations between the presence of severe active gastritis and cagA+ (P = 0.039) or cagA/iceA1 genotypes (P = 0.026), and intestinal metaplasia and vacA m1 (P = 0.008) or vacA s1/m2 (P = 0.001) genotypes. Our results showed a 2.4-fold increased risk of peptic ulcer (95% CI: 0.483-11.93), compared with gastritis, in the infected patients who had dupA positive strains; however this association was not statistically significant. The results of urease activity showed a significant mean difference between the isolated strains from patients with PUD and NUD (P = 0.034). This activity was relatively higher among patients with intestinal metaplasia. Also a significant associa-tion was found between the lack of cagA and increased urease activity among the isolated strains (P = 0.036). While the greatest sequencevariation of ureB was detected in a strain from a patient with intestinal metaplasia, the sole determined amino acid change in UreB sequence (Ala201Thr, 30%), showed no influence on urease activity. In conclusion, the supposed role of H. pylori urease to form peptic ulcer and advancing of intestinal metaplasia was postulated in this study. Higher urease activity in the colonizing H. pylori strains that present specific virulence factors was indicated as a risk factor for promotion of histopathological changes of gastric tissue that advance gastric malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Ghalehnoei
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Ahmadzadeh
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Farzi
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Alebouyeh
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pedram Azimzadeh
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Molaei
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Quita SM. Evaluation of lemon fruit extract as an antioxidant agent against histopathological changes induced by cyclophosphamide in the testes of albino mice. Electron Physician 2016; 8:1824-31. [PMID: 26955455 PMCID: PMC4768935 DOI: 10.19082/1824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to determine the protective effects of lemon fruit extracts (LFE) against histopathological changes induced in the testes of male mice treated with cyclophosphamide (CP). Methods Thirty male mice were divided evenly into six groups: 1) group 1: the controls, 2) group 2: treated with LFE (10 ml/kg b wt.), 3) group 3: treated with CP (10 mg/kg b wt.), 4) group 4: treated with CP (20 mg/kg b wt.), 5) group 5: treated with LFE (10 ml/kg) + CP (10 mg/kg), 6) group 6: treated with LFE (10 ml/kg) + CP (20 mg/kg). Results Histological examination of the testes of mice treated with CP revealed histopathological changes, such as atrophy, degeneration, incomplete spermatogenic series in most seminiferous tubules, and spermatogenic necrosis with pyknotic nuclei. Advanced degree of improvement was seen in testes of mice treated with LFE co-administered with CP. Most of the seminiferous tubules restored their normal structure and spermatogenic layers appeared semi-normal with complete spermatogenic series. Conclusion Lemon fruit extract in conjunction with drug treatment protects the testicular tissue against CP-induced testicular injury in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa Mohammed Quita
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Quita SM, Balbaid SO. The protective effect of lemon fruit extract on histopathological changes induced in small intestines and pancreas of male mice by cyclophosphamide. Electron Physician 2015; 7:1412-22. [PMID: 26516452 PMCID: PMC4623805 DOI: 10.14661/1412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cyclophosphamide (CP) is alkylating agent and the most commonly used chemotherapeutic drug for various types of cancer; it causes severe toxicity. The aim of the research was to assess the protective effect of lemon fruit extract (LFE) against the side effects of the anti-cancer drug “cyclophosphamide” (CP). Methods This experimental study was conducted in 2015. Thirty male mice were divided into six groups: group A (control): intraperitoneal injection of saline, group B: oral LFE (10ml/kg), group C: intraperitoneal injection of CP (10 mg/kg), group D: intraperitoneal injection of CP (20 mg/kg), group E: intraperitoneal injection of CP (10 mg/kg) and oral LFE (10 ml/kg), and group F: intraperitoneal injection of CP (20 mg/kg) and oral LFE (10 ml/kg). All groups were treated daily for five consecutive days. Results The results of the group treated with the drug C and D was that, in their intestines, the effect was uneven between a severe to a sharp effect, and there was a lack of dense connective tissue and its collagen fibers and fat cells, the intestinal glands or crypt of Lieberkühn appeared few in number and distorted in composition when compared with control A, as the pancreas appeared divided into several lobes containing small numbers of pancreatic Acini, padded with secretory pyramid-shaped cells, although some of them appeared exaggerated. While treatment in group E and F resulted in the intestines and pancreas appearing to be semi-normal; regarding the pancreas, it showed an observed improvement more than the response of the intestines. Conclusion The results support the protective effect of lemon fruit extract against CP-induced intestinal and pancreatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa Mohammed Quita
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (KSA)
| | - Samira Omar Balbaid
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (KSA)
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Yin J, Sun K, Chen B. Time-dependent toxic effects of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea on the testes of male C57BL/6J mice: a histological and ultrastructural study. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8:1830-1843. [PMID: 25973076 PMCID: PMC4396219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU), a well known alkylating agent, is a powerful mutagen in mouse spermatogonia that is frequently used to generate mutant mice for the study of gene function. The present study was performed to investigate the toxic effects of a suggested ENU treatment protocol (100 mg/kg ENU once a week for three consecutive weeks) on the C57BL/6J mouse testis using light and transmission electron microscopy, with reference to testis weight and sperm count. Time-dependent changes in the weight of the testes, sperm counts and testicular morphology were observed, following an injury and recovery pattern; the most severe damage was observed in week four after the first injection of ENU, and then the testis gradually recovered. By the end of the experiment (week 12), the testis weights and sperm counts of the ENU-treated mice had restored to around 80% of the respective values in the control group. Histopathological alterations in the testis were identified by light and electron microscopy, which revealed that ENU led to a temporary depletion in the number of spermatogenic cells via direct and indirect toxic effects, including apoptosis and growth arrest in spermatogonia, Sertoli cell damage and peritubular cell injury. The results of this study complement the existing basic information on the toxicity of ENU in the testis, and provide scientific information for selecting the appropriate mating time for ENU-treated male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yin
- Comparative Medicine Center, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Kaiwen Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Bing Chen
- Comparative Medicine Center, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
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Shukla RK, Kumar A, Vallabani NVS, Pandey AK, Dhawan A. Titanium dioxide nanoparticle-induced oxidative stress triggers DNA damage and hepatic injury in mice. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2013; 9:1423-34. [PMID: 24367968 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of metal oxide nanoparticles (titanium dioxide) in consumer and industrial products improves their quality but also underscores the possible adverse effects to human and environmental health. MATERIALS & METHODS Mice were exposed orally for 14 consecutive days and analyzed for alteration in different hepatic enzymes, histopathological changes, oxidative stress, DNA damage, tumor suppressor and proapoptotic protein expression in liver cells. RESULTS We observed a significant alteration in the level of hepatic enzymes and liver histopathology at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. Significant oxidative DNA damage was observed in liver cells, which could be attributed to oxidative stress. In addition, the increased expression of p53, BAX, caspase-3 and -9 proteins and decreased expression of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2, suggest activation of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. CONCLUSION High accumulation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the liver tissue would cause DNA damage and apoptosis through the intrinsic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh K Shukla
- Nanomaterial Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, PO Box 80, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Köşüm A, Borazan E, Maralcan G, Aytekin A. Biochemical and histopathological changes of intra-abdominal hypertension on the kidneys: Experimental study in rats. Ulus Cerrahi Derg 2013; 29:49-53. [PMID: 25931845 DOI: 10.5152/ucd.2013.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effects of experimentally induced intra-abdominal hypertension on renal functions, with the combination of biochemical and histopathological properties. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty male Wistar albino rats were used in this experimental study. Rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 (control group, n=6) only received anesthesia. After the induction of anesthesia, a 20 G catheter was introduced intraperitoneally to Group 2 (sham group, n=8), Group 3 (n=8) and Group 4 (n=8). The intra-abdominal pressure was not increased in Group 2. We applied 20 mmHg intra-peritoneal pressure to Group 3 and 30 mmHg to Group 4 for 3 hours. After withdrawing 3 mL intracardiac blood from all groups, the kidneys were removed for histopathological examination. Serum urea and creatinine levels were measured in all groups. RESULTS Biochemical examination showed that blood urea and creatinine levels were statistically different among all groups (p<0.05). Serum creatinine levels in Group 3 and serum urea and creatinine levels in Group 4 were significantly increased. In the histopathological examination, the kidneys in Group 1 and Group 2 were classified as normal. In Group 3, areas with congestion were detected in the glomeruli and interstitial regions. In addition to these findings seen in Group 3, dilatation of the pelvi-caliceal structures and proximal ureters were noticed in Group 4. CONCLUSION The levels of serum urea and creatinine are elevated when intra-abdominal pressure is increased due to kidney damage. Foci of hemorrhage in the interstitial area, dilatations in the proximal ureter, renal pelvis, and lymphatics were the pathologic findings seen in the kidneys under such circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akın Köşüm
- Department of General Surgery, Adıyaman Gölbaşı Hospital, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Ersin Borazan
- Department of General Surgery, Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Göktürk Maralcan
- Department of General Surgery, Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Alper Aytekin
- Department of General Surgery, Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Oduola T, Bello I, Idowu T, Avwioro G, Adeosun G, Olatubosun L. Histopathological changes in Wistar albino rats exposed to aqueous extract of unripe Carica papaya. N Am J Med Sci 2012; 2:234-7. [PMID: 22574295 PMCID: PMC3347650 DOI: 10.4297/najms.2010.2234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Exposure of animals to xenobiotics may or may not trigger adverse response at cellular levels. Aqueous extract of unripe Carica papaya is consumed by sickle cell patients as antisickling agent in Western Nigeria. Aim: This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Carica papaya on certain organs in Wister albino rats exposed to aqueous extract of unripe Carica papaya. Materials and Methods: Different doses of aqueous extract of unripe Carica papaya were administered orally daily for 42 days to six groups of rats. At the end of exposure, the animals were sacrificed and tissue sections were prepared from livers, kidneys, hearts and small intestines using standard techniques. Results: Histopathological results showed that no pathological changes were observed in tissue sections of experimental animals when compared with tissue sections of the same organs in control animals. Conclusion: No pathological changes were elicited in the organs of rats exposed to aqueous extract of unripe Carica papaya.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taofeeq Oduola
- Department of Haematology, Special Investigations Laboratory, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Abstract
We analysed a large series of axillary lymph nodes, with and without metastases following radical mastectomy for breast cancer. We found left/right asymmetry in numbers of lymph nodes, and also asymmetry of lymph node dimensions, which could have been the caused by tumoral antigenic stimulation. The distribution of hyperplastic node patterns differed significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Cappello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Palermo, Italy
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