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Uchiyama H, Kudo T, Yamaguchi T, Obana N, Watanabe K, Abe K, Miyazaki H, Toyofuku M, Nomura N, Akeda Y, Nakao R. Mucosal adjuvanticity and mucosal booster effect of colibactin-depleted probiotic Escherichia coli membrane vesicles. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2337987. [PMID: 38658133 PMCID: PMC11057659 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2337987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in development of novel vaccines against respiratory tract infections, due to COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we examined mucosal adjuvanticity and the mucosal booster effect of membrane vesicles (MVs) of a novel probiotic E. coli derivative lacking both flagella and potentially carcinogenic colibactin (ΔflhDΔclbP). ΔflhDΔclbP-derived MVs showed rather strong mucosal adjuvanticity as compared to those of a single flagellar mutant strain (ΔflhD-MVs). In addition, glycoengineered ΔflhDΔclbP-MVs displaying serotype-14 pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide (CPS14+MVs) were well-characterized based on biological and physicochemical parameters. Subcutaneous (SC) and intranasal (IN) booster effects of CPS14+MVs on systemic and mucosal immunity were evaluated in mice that have already been subcutaneously prime-immunized with the same MVs. With a two-dose regimen, an IN boost (SC-IN) elicited stronger IgA responses than homologous prime-boost immunization (SC-SC). With a three-dose regimen, serum IgG levels were comparable among all tested regimens. Homologous immunization (SC-SC-SC) elicited the highest IgM responses among all regimens tested, whereas SC-SC-SC failed to elicit IgA responses in blood and saliva. Furthermore, serum IgA and salivary SIgA levels were increased with an increased number of IN doses administrated. Notably, SC-IN-IN induced not only robust IgG response, but also the highest IgA response in both serum and saliva among the groups. The present findings suggest the potential of a heterologous three-dose administration for building both systemic and mucosal immunity, e.g. an SC-IN-IN vaccine regimen could be beneficial. Another important observation was abundant packaging of colibactin in MVs, suggesting increased applicability of ΔflhDΔclbP-MVs in the context of vaccine safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Uchiyama
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kudo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nozomu Obana
- Tsukuba Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Abe
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Miyazaki
- Department of Oculoplastic, Orbital and Lacrimal Surgery, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Toyofuku
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Nomura
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Akeda
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoma Nakao
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Sun M, Lu Y, Zhang H, Jiang W, Wang W, Huang X, Zhang S, Xiang D, Tang B, Chen Y, Chen T, Lian C, Zhang J. Multifunctional Composite Scaffold with Nanosilver, Graphene Oxide, and Macrophage Membrane Vesicles for Sequential Treatment of Infected Bone Defects. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400346. [PMID: 38684106 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The management of infected bone defects poses a significant clinical challenge, and current treatment modalities exhibit various limitations. This study focuses on the development of a multifunctional composite scaffold comprising nanohydroxyapatite/polyethyleneglycol diacrylate matrix, silver nanoparticles, graphene oxide (GO), sodium alginate, and M2-type macrophage membrane vesicles (MVs) to enhance the healing of infected bone defects. The composite scaffold demonstrates several key features: first, it releases sufficient quantities of silver ions to effectively eliminate bacteria; second, the controlled release of MVs leads to a notable increase in M2-type macrophages, thereby significantly mitigating the inflammatory response. Additionally, GO acts synergistically with nanohydroxyapatite to enhance osteoinductive activity, thereby fostering bone regeneration. Through meticulous in vitro and in vivo investigations, the composite scaffold exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects, robust immunomodulatory capabilities, and enhanced osteoinductive activity. This multifaceted composite scaffold presents a promising approach for the sequential treatment of infected bone defects, addressing the antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and osteogenic aspects. This study introduces innovative perspectives and offers new and effective treatment alternatives for managing infected bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hongrui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Weiqian Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401336, China
| | - Wenzhao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Shichun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401336, China
| | - Dulei Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Boyu Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Tingmei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chengjie Lian
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
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Puca V, Marinacci B, Pellegrini B, Campanile F, Santagati M, Grande R. Biofilm and bacterial membrane vesicles: recent advances. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38578180 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2024.2338101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bacterial Membrane Vesicles (MVs) play important roles in cell-to-cell communication and transport of several molecules. Such structures are essential components of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) biofilm matrix of many bacterial species displaying a structural function and a role in virulence and pathogenesis. AREAS COVERED In this review were included original articles from the last ten years by searching the keywords 'biofilm' and 'vesicles' on PUBMED and Scopus databases. The articles available in literature mainly describe a positive correlation between bacterial MVs and biofilms formation. The research on Espacenet and Google Patent databases underlines the available patents related to the application of both biofilm MVs and planktonic MVs in inhibiting biofilm formation. EXPERT OPINION This review covers and analyzes recent advances in the study of the relationship between bacterial vesicles and biofilm. The huge number of papers discussing the role of MVs confirms the interest aimed at developing new applications in the medical field. The study of the MVs composition and biogenesis may contribute to the identification of components which could be (i) the target for the development of new drugs inhibiting the biofilm establishment; (ii) candidates for the development of vaccines; (iii) biomarkers for the diagnosis of bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Puca
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Beatrice Marinacci
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Benedetta Pellegrini
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Floriana Campanile
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC) - Microbiology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Santagati
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC) - Microbiology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rossella Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Meyer KJ, Nodwell JR. Streptomyces extracellular vesicles are a broad and permissive antimicrobial packaging and delivery system. J Bacteriol 2024; 206:e0032523. [PMID: 38353531 PMCID: PMC10955852 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00325-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces are the primary source of bioactive specialized metabolites used in research and medicine, including many antimicrobials. These are presumed to be secreted and function as freely soluble compounds. However, increasing evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles are an alternative secretion system. We assessed environmental and lab-adapted Streptomyces (sporulating filamentous actinomycetes) and found frequent production of antimicrobial vesicles. The molecular cargo included actinomycins, anthracyclines, candicidin, and actinorhodin, reflecting both diverse chemical properties and diverse antibacterial and antifungal activity. The levels of packaged antimicrobials correlated with the level of inhibitory activity of the vesicles, and a strain knocked out for the production of anthracyclines produced vesicles that lacked antimicrobial activity. We demonstrated that antimicrobial containing vesicles achieve direct delivery of the cargo to other microbes. Notably, this delivery via membrane fusion occurred to a broad range of microbes, including pathogenic bacteria and yeast. Vesicle encapsulation offers a broad and permissive packaging and delivery system for antimicrobial specialized metabolites, with important implications for ecology and translation.IMPORTANCEExtracellular vesicle encapsulation changes our picture of how antimicrobial metabolites function in the environment and provides an alternative translational approach for the delivery of antimicrobials. We find many Streptomyces strains are capable of releasing antimicrobial vesicles, and at least four distinct classes of compounds can be packaged, suggesting this is widespread in nature. This is a striking departure from the primary paradigm of the secretion and action of specialized metabolites as soluble compounds. Importantly, the vesicles deliver antimicrobial metabolites directly to other microbes via membrane fusion, including pathogenic bacteria and yeast. This suggests future applications in which lipid-encapsulated natural product antibiotics and antifungals could be used to solve some of the most pressing problems in drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten J. Meyer
- Department of Biochemistry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Justin R. Nodwell
- Department of Biochemistry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Xiu L, Wu Y, Lin G, Zhang Y, Huang L. Bacterial membrane vesicles: orchestrators of interkingdom interactions in microbial communities for environmental adaptation and pathogenic dynamics. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1371317. [PMID: 38576623 PMCID: PMC10991846 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1371317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) have attracted increasing attention due to their significant roles in bacterial physiology and pathogenic processes. In this review, we provide an overview of the importance and current research status of MVs in regulating bacterial physiology and pathogenic processes, as well as their crucial roles in environmental adaptation and pathogenic infections. We describe the formation mechanism, composition, structure, and functions of MVs, and discuss the various roles of MVs in bacterial environmental adaptation and pathogenic infections. Additionally, we analyze the limitations and challenges of MV-related research and prospect the potential applications of MVs in environmental adaptation, pathogenic mechanisms, and novel therapeutic strategies. This review emphasizes the significance of understanding and studying MVs for the development of new insights into bacterial environmental adaptation and pathogenic processes. Overall, this review contributes to our understanding of the intricate interplay between bacteria and their environment and provides valuable insights for the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting bacterial pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Xiu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yuwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Gongshi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Marine & Fisheries Research Institute, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Youyu Zhang
- Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Lixing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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Sangiorgio G, Nicitra E, Bivona D, Bonomo C, Bonacci P, Santagati M, Musso N, Bongiorno D, Stefani S. Interactions of Gram-Positive Bacterial Membrane Vesicles and Hosts: Updates and Future Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2904. [PMID: 38474151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayers derived from cell membranes, released by both eukaryotic cells and bacteria into the extracellular environment. During production, EVs carry proteins, nucleic acids, and various compounds, which are then released. While Gram-positive bacteria were traditionally thought incapable of producing EVs due to their thick peptidoglycan cell walls, recent studies on membrane vesicles (MVs) in Gram-positive bacteria have revealed their significant role in bacterial physiology and disease progression. This review explores the current understanding of MVs in Gram-positive bacteria, including the characterization of their content and functions, as well as their interactions with host and bacterial cells. It offers a fresh perspective to enhance our comprehension of Gram-positive bacterial EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Sangiorgio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuele Nicitra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Dalida Bivona
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Carmelo Bonomo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonacci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Santagati
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Nicolò Musso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Dafne Bongiorno
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Stefania Stefani
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
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Oura Y, Shimamura Y, Kan T, Masuda S. Effect of Polyphenols on Inflammation Induced by Membrane Vesicles from Staphylococcus aureus. Cells 2024; 13:387. [PMID: 38474351 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus, a bacterium found on human skin, produces toxins and various virulence factors that can lead to skin infections such as atopic dermatitis. These toxins and virulence factors are carried in membrane vesicles (MVs), composed of the bacterium's own cell membranes, and are expected to reach host target cells in a concentrated form, inducing inflammation. This study investigated the effects of two polyphenols, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and nobiletin (NOL), on the expression of S. aureus virulence factors and the inflammation induced by MVs. The study found that EGCG alone decreased the production of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A (SEA), while both EGCG and NOL reduced biofilm formation and the expression of virulence factor-related genes. When S. aureus was cultured in a broth supplemented with these polyphenols, the resulting MVs showed a reduction in SEA content and several cargo proteins. These MVs also exhibited decreased levels of inflammation-related gene expression in immortalized human keratinocytes. These results suggest that EGCG and NOL are expected to inhibit inflammation in the skin by altering the properties of MVs derived from S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukino Oura
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yuko Shimamura
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kan
- Department of Synthetic Organic & Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Shuichi Masuda
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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Bint-E-Naser SF, Mohamed ZJ, Chao Z, Bali K, Owens RM, Daniel S. Gram-Positive Bacterial Membrane-Based Biosensor for Multimodal Investigation of Membrane-Antibiotic Interactions. Biosensors (Basel) 2024; 14:45. [PMID: 38248423 PMCID: PMC10813107 DOI: 10.3390/bios14010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
As membrane-mediated antibiotic resistance continues to evolve in Gram-positive bacteria, the development of new approaches to elucidate the membrane properties involved in antibiotic resistance has become critical. Membrane vesicles (MVs) secreted by the cytoplasmic membrane of Gram-positive bacteria contain native components, preserving lipid and protein diversity, nucleic acids, and sometimes virulence factors. Thus, MV-derived membrane platforms present a great model for Gram-positive bacterial membranes. In this work, we report the development of a planar bacterial cytoplasmic membrane-based biosensor using MVs isolated from the Bacillus subtilis WT strain that can be coated on multiple surface types such as glass, quartz crystals, and polymeric electrodes, fostering the multimodal assessment of drug-membrane interactions. Retention of native membrane components such as lipoteichoic acids, lipids, and proteins is verified. This biosensor replicates known interaction patterns of the antimicrobial compound, daptomycin, with the Gram-positive bacterial membrane, establishing the applicability of this platform for carrying out biophysical characterization of the interactions of membrane-acting antibiotic compounds with the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. We report changes in membrane viscoelasticity and permeability that correspond to partial membrane disruption when calcium ions are present with daptomycin but not when these ions are chelated. This biomembrane biosensing platform enables an assessment of membrane biophysical characteristics during exposure to antibiotic drug candidates to aid in identifying compounds that target membrane disruption as a mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samavi Farnush Bint-E-Naser
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; (S.F.B.-E.-N.); (Z.C.)
| | | | - Zhongmou Chao
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; (S.F.B.-E.-N.); (Z.C.)
| | - Karan Bali
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK; (K.B.); (R.M.O.)
| | - Róisín M. Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK; (K.B.); (R.M.O.)
| | - Susan Daniel
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; (S.F.B.-E.-N.); (Z.C.)
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Olmos-Ruiz R, Garcia-Gomez P, Carvajal M, Yepes-Molina L. Exploring membrane vesicles in citrus fruits: a comparative analysis of conventional and organic farming approaches. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:235-248. [PMID: 37596244 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, vesicles derived from plant cell membranes have received attention for their potential use as active biomolecules and nanocarriers, and obtaining them from organic crops may be an interesting option because different farming systems can affect production, plant secondary metabolism and biochemistry of cell membranes. The present study aimed to determine how organic and conventional farming affects the mineral nutrition, gas exchange, CO2 fixation and biochemical composition of lemon fruits, which could have an impact on the different fractions of cell membranes in pulp and juice. RESULTS Organic trees had higher intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi) but conventional trees had higher stomatal conductance (gs) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUtE). Also, organic lemons had significantly higher levels of some micronutrients (Ca, Cu, Fe and Zn). Second, the main differences in the membrane vesicles showed that organic pulp vesicles had a higher antioxidant activity and more oleic acid, whereas both types of vesicles from conventional lemons had more linoleic acid. CONCLUSION In conclusion, organic farming did not alter carbon fixation parameters but impacted nitrogen fixation and water uptake, and resulted in higher micronutrient levels in lemons. These mineral nutritional changes could be related to the higher production of membranes that showed suitable morphological traits and a high antioxidant activity, positively correlated with a high amount of oleic acid, which could have stronger cell protection characteristics. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Olmos-Ruiz
- Aquaporins Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo Garcia-Gomez
- Aquaporins Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Micaela Carvajal
- Aquaporins Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Lucia Yepes-Molina
- Aquaporins Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
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Shimamura Y, Oura Y, Tsuchiya M, Yamanashi Y, Ogasawara A, Oishi M, Komuro M, Sasaki K, Masuda S. Slightly acidic electrolyzed water inhibits inflammation induced by membrane vesicles of Staphylococcus aureus. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1328055. [PMID: 38282743 PMCID: PMC10811074 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1328055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus grows in the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis and the associated symptoms are induced by membrane vesicles (MVs). This study explored the effects of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) on the expression of virulence factors of S. aureus and MV-induced inflammation to uncover the potential of SAEW as a new treatment method for atopic dermatitis. Expression levels of genes related to virulence factors in S. aureus was assessed and S. aureus-derived MVs were characterized. Moreover, expression level of MV-induced Type I allergic reaction-related genes in RBL2H3 cells was also assessed. Significantly decreased staphylococcal enterotoxin A production and decreased virulence factor-related gene expression were observed after culturing S. aureus in broth supplemented with SAEW at ratios of 1, 2, and 5 per broth. MVs prepared by culturing S. aureus in SAEW-supplemented broth exhibited altered particle size and markedly reduced staphylococcal enterotoxin A content under all addition conditions; moreover, those obtained at a ratio of 1:5 (broth:SAEW) exhibited a reduction in the expression of several proteins associated with hemolytic activity and free iron uptake. The MVs prepared in SAEW-supplemented broth also exhibited remarkably reduced allergy-related gene expression levels in rat cell lines derived from basophilic leukemia-2H3 cells. Overall, SAEW is expected to suppress atopic dermatitis symptoms through the alteration of the properties of S. aureus-derived MVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Shimamura
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yukino Oura
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Madoka Tsuchiya
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yuka Yamanashi
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Asako Ogasawara
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Minami Oishi
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Misaki Komuro
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Sasaki
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Shuichi Masuda
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
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11
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Kanno M, Shiota T, Ueno S, Takahara M, Haneda K, Tahara YO, Shintani M, Nakao R, Miyata M, Kimbara K, Futamata H, Tashiro Y. Identification of genes involved in enhanced membrane vesicle formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms: surface sensing facilitates vesiculation. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1252155. [PMID: 38107868 PMCID: PMC10722149 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1252155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane vesicles (MVs) are small spherical structures (20-400 nm) produced by most bacteria and have important biological functions including toxin delivery, signal transfer, biofilm formation, and immunomodulation of the host. Although MV formation is enhanced in biofilms of a wide range of bacterial species, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. An opportunistic pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, causes chronic infections that can be difficult to treat due to biofilm formation. Since MVs are abundant in biofilms, can transport virulence factors to the host, and have inflammation-inducing functions, the mechanisms of enhanced MV formation in biofilms needs to be elucidated to effectively treat infections. In this study, we evaluated the characteristics of MVs in P. aeruginosa PAO1 biofilms, and identified factors that contribute to enhanced MV formation. Vesiculation was significantly enhanced in the static culture; MVs were connected to filamentous substances in the biofilm, and separation between the outer and inner membranes and curvature of the membrane were observed in biofilm cells. By screening a transposon mutant library (8,023 mutants) for alterations in MV formation in biofilms, 66 mutants were identified as low-vesiculation strains (2/3 decrease relative to wild type), whereas no mutant was obtained that produced more MVs (twofold increase). Some transposons were inserted into genes related to biofilm formation, including flagellar motility (flg, fli, and mot) and extracellular polysaccharide synthesis (psl). ΔpelAΔpslA, which does not synthesize the extracellular polysaccharides Pel and Psl, showed reduced MV production in biofilms but not in planktonic conditions, suggesting that enhanced vesiculation is closely related to the synthesis of biofilm matrices in P. aeruginosa. Additionally, we found that blebbing occurred during bacterial attachment. Our findings indicate that biofilm-related factors are closely involved in enhanced MV formation in biofilms and that surface sensing facilitates vesiculation. Furthermore, this work expands the understanding of the infection strategy in P. aeruginosa biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Kanno
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takuya Shiota
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - So Ueno
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Minato Takahara
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Keisuke Haneda
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yuhei O. Tahara
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaki Shintani
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
- Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Ryoma Nakao
- Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Miyata
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Kimbara
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Futamata
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yosuke Tashiro
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- JST PRESTO, Kawaguchi, Japan
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12
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Jhunjhunwala M, Yu LS, Kuo PC, Li CY, Chen CS. Tumor-Derived Membrane Vesicles Restrain Migration in Gliomas By Altering Collective Polarization. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2023; 6:4764-4774. [PMID: 37862244 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Mechanobiology is a cornerstone in physiology. However, its role in biomedical applications remains considerably undermined. In this study, we employed cell membrane vesicles (CMVs), which are currently being used as nanodrug carriers, as tactile cues for mechano-regulation of collective cell behaviors. Gliomas, which are among the most resilient brain tumors and have a low patient survival rate, were used as the cell model. We observed that mechanical responses due to the application of glioma- or microglia-derived CMVs resulted in the doubling of the traction stress of glioma cell collectives with a 10-fold increase in the CMV concentration. Glioma-CMVs constrained cell protrusions and hindered their collective migration, with the migration speed of such cells declining by almost 40% compared to the untreated cells. We speculated that the alteration of collective polarization leads to migration speed changes, and this phenomenon was elucidated using the cellular Potts model. In addition to intracellular force modulation and cytoskeletal reorganization, glioma-CMVs altered drug diffusion within glioma spheroids by downregulating the mechano-signaling protein YAP-1 while also marginally enhancing the associated apoptotic events. Our results suggest that glioma-CMVs can be applied as an adjuvant to current treatment approaches to restrict tumor invasion and enhance the penetration of reagents within tumors. Considering the broad impact of mechano-transduction on cell functions, the regulation of cell mechanics through CMVs can provide a foundation for alternative therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lin-Sheng Yu
- National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Republic of China
| | - Ping-Chen Kuo
- National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Republic of China
| | - Chia-Yang Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Republic of China
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Republic of China
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Republic of China
| | - Chi-Shuo Chen
- National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Republic of China
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13
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Warsi OM, Gedda L, Edwards K, Andersson DI. Vesicle-enriched secretomes alter bacterial competitive abilities and are drivers of evolution in microbial communities. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2023; 99:fiad141. [PMID: 37884450 PMCID: PMC10653989 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiad141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial membrane vesicles can carry compounds that inhibit bacterial growth, but how they impact the fitness of the vesicle-producing bacterial species and influence community dynamics remain unexplored questions. To address these questions, we examined the effect of vesicle-enriched secretomes (VESs) in different single-species and multi-species systems. Effects of VESs on single-species growth dynamics were determined for nine bacterial species belonging to four genera (Escherichia, Salmonella, Pseudomonas and Bacillus) in nutrient-rich and poor growth media. Results showed both species-specific and nutrient-dependent effects of the VESs on bacterial growth. The strongest antagonistic effects were observed for VES isolated from the natural isolates of E. coli, while those isolated from P. aeruginosa PA14 affected the highest number of species. We further demonstrated that these VESs altered the competitive abilities of the species involved in two-species (S. Typhimurium LT2 and S. arizonae) and three-species systems (E. coli, S. Typhimurium LT2 and B. subtilis). Finally, using experimental evolution we showed that different bacterial species could rapidly acquire mutations that abrogated the antagonistic effects of VESs. This study demonstrates how VESs can contribute in shaping microbial communities, both by increasing the competitive ability of a given bacterial species and as a driver of genetic adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Warsi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75123, Sweden
| | - Lars Gedda
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75237, Sweden
| | - Katarina Edwards
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75237, Sweden
| | - Dan I Andersson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75123, Sweden
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14
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Nazeer RR, Wang M, Welch M. More than just a gel: the extracellular matrixome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1307857. [PMID: 38028553 PMCID: PMC10679415 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1307857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Armed with an arsenal of protein secretion systems, antibiotic efflux pumps, and the occasional proclivity for explosive self-destruction, Pseudomonas aeruginosa has become a model for the study of bacterial pathogenesis and biofilm formation. There is accruing evidence to suggest that the biofilm matrix-the bioglue that holds the structure together-acts not only in a structural capacity, but is also a molecular "net" whose function is to capture and retain certain secreted products (including proteins and small molecules). In this perspective, we argue that the biofilm matrixome is a distinct extracellular compartment, and one that is differentiated from the bulk secretome. Some of the points we raise are deliberately speculative, but are becoming increasingly accessible to experimental investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Martin Welch
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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15
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Xu Y, Xie C, Liu Y, Qin X, Liu J. An update on our understanding of Gram-positive bacterial membrane vesicles: discovery, functions, and applications. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1273813. [PMID: 37860067 PMCID: PMC10582989 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1273813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized particles released from cells into the extracellular environment, and are separated from eukaryotic cells, bacteria, and other organisms with cellular structures. EVs alter cell communication by delivering their contents and performing various functions depending on their cargo and release into certain environments or other cells. The cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer and were previously thought to be unable to produce EVs. However, recent studies have demonstrated that Gram-positive bacterial EVs are crucial for health and disease. In this review, we have summarized the formation, composition, and characteristics of the contents, resistance to external stress, participation in immune regulation, and other functions of Gram-positive bacterial EVs, as well as their application in clinical diagnosis and treatment, to provide a new perspective to further our understanding of Gram-positive bacterial EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaosong Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
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16
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Wang Y, Luo X, Xiang X, Hao C, Ma D. Roles of bacterial extracellular vesicles in systemic diseases. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1258860. [PMID: 37840728 PMCID: PMC10569430 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1258860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that in various systems, not all bidirectional microbiota-host interactions involve direct cell contact. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) may be key participants in this interkingdom crosstalk. BEVs mediate microbiota functions by delivering effector molecules that modulate host signaling pathways, thereby facilitating host-microbe interactions. BEV production during infections by both pathogens and probiotics has been observed in various host tissues. Therefore, these vesicles released by microbiota may have the ability to drive or inhibit disease pathogenesis in different systems within the host. Here, we review the current knowledge of BEVs and particularly emphasize their interactions with the host and the pathogenesis of systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhen Wang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinghong Luo
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaozhen Xiang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunbo Hao
- Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Dandan Ma
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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17
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Gan Y, Zhao G, Wang Z, Zhang X, Wu MX, Lu M. Bacterial Membrane Vesicles: Physiological Roles, Infection Immunology, and Applications. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2301357. [PMID: 37357142 PMCID: PMC10477901 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial or fungal membrane vesicles, traditionally considered as microbial metabolic wastes, are secreted mainly from the outer membrane or cell membrane of microorganisms. However, recent studies have shown that these vesicles play essential roles in direct or indirect communications among microorganisms and between microorganisms and hosts. This review aims to provide an updated understanding of the physiological functions and emerging applications of bacterial membrane vesicles, with a focus on their biogenesis, mechanisms of adsorption and invasion into host cells, immune stimulatory effects, and roles in the much-concerned problem of bacterial resistance. Additionally, the potential applications of these vesicles as biomarkers, vaccine candidates, and drug delivery platforms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiao Gan
- Department of Transfusion MedicineHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040P. R. China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Zhicheng Wang
- Department of Transfusion MedicineHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040P. R. China
| | - Xingcai Zhang
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied SciencesHarvard UniversityCambridgeMA02138USA
| | - Mei X. Wu
- Wellman Center for PhotomedicineMassachusetts General HospitalDepartment of DermatologyHarvard Medical School, 50 Blossom StreetBostonMA02114USA
| | - Min Lu
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200240P. R. China
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18
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Xiao M, Li G, Yang H. Microbe-host interactions: structure and functions of Gram-negative bacterial membrane vesicles. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1225513. [PMID: 37720140 PMCID: PMC10500606 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1225513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria-host interaction is a common, relevant, and intriguing biological phenomena. The host reacts actively or passively to the bacteria themselves, their products, debris, and so on, through various defense systems containing the immune system, the bacteria communicate with the local or distal tissues of the host via their own surface antigens, secreted products, nucleic acids, etc., resulting in relationships of attack and defense, adaptation, symbiosis, and even collaboration. The significance of bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) as a powerful vehicle for the crosstalk mechanism between the two is growing. In the recent decade, the emergence of MVs in microbial interactions and a variety of bacterial infections, with multiple adhesions to host tissues, cell invasion and evasion of host defense mechanisms, have brought MVs to the forefront of bacterial pathogenesis research. Whereas MVs are a complex combination of molecules not yet fully understood, research into its effects, targeting and pathogenic components will advance its understanding and utilization. This review will summarize structural, extraction and penetration information on several classes of MVs and emphasize the role of MVs in transport and immune response activation. Finally, the potential of MVs as a therapeutic method will be highlighted, as will future research prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xiao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Department of Dental Research, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Guiding Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Department of Dental Research, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hefeng Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Department of Dental Research, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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19
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Seeger C, Dyrhage K, Näslund K, Andersson SGE. Apilactobacillus kunkeei releases RNA-associated membrane vesicles and proteinaceous nanoparticles. Microlife 2023; 4:uqad037. [PMID: 37705871 PMCID: PMC10496945 DOI: 10.1093/femsml/uqad037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Extracellularly released particles, including membrane vesicles, have increasingly been recognized as important for bacterial community functions and host-interaction processes, but their compositions and functional roles differ between species and also between strains of the same species. In this study, we have determined the composition of membrane vesicles and protein particles identified in the cell-free pellets of two strains of Apilactobacillus kunkeei, a defensive symbiont of honeybees. The membrane vesicles were separated from the extracellular particles using density gradient ultracentrifugation. The peaks of the RNA and protein distributions were separated from each other and the highest concentration of RNA was observed in the fractions that contained the membrane vesicles while the highest protein concentration coincided with the fractions that contained extracellular particles. A comparative proteomics analysis by LC-MS/MS showed that 37 proteins with type-I signal peptides were consistently identified across the fractionated samples obtained from the cell-free pellets, of which 29 were orthologs detected in both strains. Functional predictions of the extracellular proteins revealed the presence of glycoside hydrolases, glycosyltransferases, giant proteins and peptidases. The extracellular transcriptomes mapped to a broad set of genes with a similar functional profile as the whole cell transcriptome. This study provides insights into the composition of membrane vesicles and extracellular proteins of a bee-associated symbiont.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Seeger
- Molecular Evolution, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karl Dyrhage
- Molecular Evolution, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kristina Näslund
- Molecular Evolution, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Siv G E Andersson
- Molecular Evolution, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
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20
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Mozaheb N, Rasouli P, Kaur M, Van Der Smissen P, Larrouy-Maumus G, Mingeot-Leclercq MP. A Mildly Acidic Environment Alters Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence and Causes Remodeling of the Bacterial Surface. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0483222. [PMID: 37278652 PMCID: PMC10433952 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04832-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a versatile pathogen that resists environmental stress, such as suboptimal pH. As a result of exposure to environmental stress, P. aeruginosa shows an altered virulence-related phenotype. This study investigated the modifications that P. aeruginosa undertakes at a mildly low pH (pH 5.0) compared with the bacteria grown in a neutral medium (pH 7.2). Results indicated that in a mildly acidic environment, expression of two-component system genes (phoP/phoQ and pmrA/pmrB), lipid A remodeling genes such as arnT and pagP and virulence genes, i.e., pqsE and rhlA, were induced. Moreover, lipid A of the bacteria grown at a mildly low pH is modified by adding 4-amino-arabinose (l-Ara4N). Additionally, the production of virulence factors such as rhamnolipid, alginate, and membrane vesicles is significantly higher in a mildly low-pH environment than in a neutral medium. Interestingly, at a mildly low pH, P. aeruginosa produces a thicker biofilm with higher biofilm biomass. Furthermore, studies on inner membrane viscosity and permeability showed that a mildly low pH causes a decrease in the inner membrane permeability and increases its viscosity. Besides, despite the importance of PhoP, PhoQ, PmrA, and PmrB in Gram-negative bacteria for responding to low pH stress, we observed that the absence of each of these two-component systems does not meaningfully impact the remodeling of the P. aeruginosa envelope. Given that P. aeruginosa is likely to encounter mildly acidic environments during infection in its host, the alterations that the bacterium undertakes under such conditions must be considered in designing antibacterial strategies against P. aeruginosa. IMPORTANCE P. aeruginosa encounters environments with acidic pH when establishing infections in hosts. The bacterium develops an altered phenotype to tolerate a moderate decrease in the environmental pH. At the level of the bacterial envelope, modified lipid A composition and a reduction of the bacterial inner membrane permeability and fluidity are among the changes P. aeruginosa undergoes at a mildly low pH. Also, the bacterium is more likely to form biofilm in a mildly acidic environment. Overall, these alterations in the P. aeruginosa phenotype put obstacles in the way of antibacterial activities. Thus, considering physiological changes in the bacterium at low pH helps design and implement antimicrobial approaches against this hostile microorganism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Mozaheb
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology Unit (FACM), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Paria Rasouli
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology Unit (FACM), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology Unit (FACM), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Van Der Smissen
- Université catholique de Louvain, de Duve Institute, CELL Unit and PICT Platform, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gerald Larrouy-Maumus
- Imperial College London, Department of Life Sciences, MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Faculty of Natural Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marie-Paule Mingeot-Leclercq
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology Unit (FACM), Brussels, Belgium
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21
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Barshtein G, Gural A, Arbell D, Barkan R, Livshits L, Pajic-Lijakovic I, Yedgar S. Red Blood Cell Deformability Is Expressed by a Set of Interrelated Membrane Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12755. [PMID: 37628935 PMCID: PMC10454903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) deformability, expressing their ability to change their shape, allows them to minimize their resistance to flow and optimize oxygen delivery to the tissues. RBC with reduced deformability may lead to increased vascular resistance, capillary occlusion, and impaired perfusion and oxygen delivery. A reduction in deformability, as occurs during RBC physiological aging and under blood storage, is implicated in the pathophysiology of diverse conditions with circulatory disorders and anemias. The change in RBC deformability is associated with metabolic and structural alterations, mostly uncharacterized. To bridge this gap, we analyzed the membrane protein levels, using mass spectroscopy, of RBC with varying deformability determined by image analysis. In total, 752 membrane proteins were identified. However, deformability was positively correlated with the level of only fourteen proteins, with a highly significant inter-correlation between them. These proteins are involved in membrane rafting and/or the membrane-cytoskeleton linkage. These findings suggest that the reduction of deformability is a programmed (not arbitrary) process of remodeling and shedding of membrane fragments, possibly mirroring the formation of extracellular vesicles. The highly significant inter-correlation between the deformability-expressing proteins infers that the cell deformability can be assessed by determining the level of a few, possibly one, of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Barshtein
- Department of Biochemistry, The Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
| | - Alexander Gural
- Blood Bank, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
| | - Dan Arbell
- Pediatric Surgery, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
| | - Refael Barkan
- Department of Digital Medical Technologies, Holon Institute of Technology, Holon 5810201, Israel;
| | - Leonid Livshits
- Red Blood Cell Research Group, Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | | | - Saul Yedgar
- Department of Biochemistry, The Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
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22
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Kurata A, Takeuchi S, Fujiwara R, Tamura K, Imai T, Yamasaki-Yashiki S, Onuma H, Fukuta Y, Shirasaka N, Uegaki K. Activation of the toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway by GAPDH from bacterial strain RD055328. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 87:907-915. [PMID: 37169920 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We characterized the membrane vesicle fraction (RD-MV fraction) from bacterial strain RD055328, which is related to members of the genus Companilactobacillus and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. RD-MVs and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) were detected in the RD-MV fraction. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) was produced by Peyer's patch cells following the addition of the RD-MV fraction. In the presence of the RD-MV fraction, RAW264 cells produced the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6. Recombinant GAPDH probably induced the production of IL-6 by RAW264 cells via superficial toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) recognition. A confocal laser scanning microscopy image analysis indicated that RD-MVs and GAPDH were taken up by RAW264 cells. GAPDH wrapped around RAW264 cells. We suggest that GAPDH from strain RD055328 enhanced the production of IgA by acquired immune cells via the production of IL-6 by innate immune cells through TLR2 signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Kurata
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, Japan
| | - Shimpei Takeuchi
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, Japan
| | - Ryo Fujiwara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, Japan
| | - Kento Tamura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, Japan
| | - Tomoya Imai
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shino Yamasaki-Yashiki
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroki Onuma
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Fukuta
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, Japan
| | - Norifumi Shirasaka
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, Japan
| | - Koichi Uegaki
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, Japan
- Agricultural Technology and Innovation Research Institute, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, Japan
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Sun C, Qin Y, Zhuang H, Zhang Y, Wu Z, Chen Y. Membrane Vesicles as Drug Delivery Systems: Source, Preparation, Modification, Drug Loading, In Vivo Administration and Biodistribution, and Application in Various Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1903. [PMID: 37514089 PMCID: PMC10383253 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioinspired (or biologically inspired) drug delivery systems (DDSs) have been intensively studied in the last decades. As bioinspired DDSs, membrane vesicles, including extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from eukaryotic cells, outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from bacteria, cell-bound membrane vesicles (CBMVs) isolated in situ from cell surfaces, membrane vesicles reorganized after the isolation of the plasma membrane of cells, and others have been rapidly developed and are attracting more and more attention. Most recently, a collection of 25 papers on the advances in membrane vesicle-based drug delivery systems was published in a Special Issue of Pharmaceutics entitled "Advances of membrane vesicles in drug delivery systems". These papers cover many related topics including the source, preparation, modification, drug loading, and in vivo administration and biodistribution of membrane vesicles (mainly extracellular vesicles or exosomes and bacterial outer membrane vesicles), as well as application of membrane vesicles as DDSs in the treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhan Sun
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Microscale Interdisciplinary Study, Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Ying Qin
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Microscale Interdisciplinary Study, Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Hongda Zhuang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Microscale Interdisciplinary Study, Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Microscale Interdisciplinary Study, Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zhiwen Wu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Microscale Interdisciplinary Study, Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Microscale Interdisciplinary Study, Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
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24
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Kawashima K, Nagakubo T, Nomura N, Toyofuku M. Iron Delivery through Membrane Vesicles in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0122223. [PMID: 37154718 PMCID: PMC10269601 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01222-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cells form and release membrane vesicles (MVs) originating from cellular membranes. In recent years, many biological functions of bacterial MVs have been identified. Here, we show that MVs derived from Corynebacterium glutamicum, a model organism for mycolic acid-containing bacteria, can mediate iron acquisition and other phylogenetically related bacteria. Lipid/protein analysis and iron quantification assay indicate that C. glutamicum MVs formed by outer mycomembrane blebbing can load ferric iron (Fe3+) as its cargo. Iron-loaded C. glutamicum MVs promoted the growth of producer bacteria in iron-limited liquid media. MVs were received by C. glutamicum cells, suggesting a direct transfer of iron to the recipient cells. Cross-feeding of C. glutamicum MVs with phylogenetically close (Mycobacterium smegmatis and Rhodococcus erythropolis) or distant (Bacillus subtilis) bacteria indicated that C. glutamicum MVs could be received by the different species tested, while iron uptake is limited to M. smegmatis and R. erythropolis. In addition, our results indicate that iron loading on MVs in C. glutamicum does not depend on membrane-associated proteins or siderophores, which is different from what has been shown in other mycobacterial species. Our findings illustrate the biological importance of MV-associated extracellular iron for C. glutamicum growth and suggest its ecological impact on selected members of microbial communities. IMPORTANCE Iron is an essential element of life. Many bacteria have developed iron acquisition systems, such as siderophores, for external iron uptake. Corynebacterium glutamicum, a soil bacterium known for its potential for industrial applications, was shown to lack the ability to produce extracellular, low-molecular-weight iron carriers, and it remains elusive how this bacterium acquires iron. Here, we demonstrated that MVs released from C. glutamicum cells could act as extracellular iron carriers that mediate iron uptake. Although MV-associated proteins or siderophores have been shown to play critical roles in MV-mediated iron uptake by other mycobacterial species, the iron delivery through C. glutamicum MVs is not dependent on these factors. Moreover, our results suggest that there is an unidentified mechanism that determines the species specificity of MV-mediated iron acquisition. Our results further demonstrated the important role of MV-associated iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayuki Kawashima
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Toshiki Nagakubo
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability (MiCS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Nomura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability (MiCS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masanori Toyofuku
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability (MiCS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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25
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Thapa HB, Ebenberger SP, Schild S. The Two Faces of Bacterial Membrane Vesicles: Pathophysiological Roles and Therapeutic Opportunities. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1045. [PMID: 37370364 PMCID: PMC10295235 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12061045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) are nanosized lipid particles secreted by lysis or blebbing mechanisms from Gram-negative and -positive bacteria. It is becoming increasingly evident that MVs can promote antimicrobial resistance but also provide versatile opportunities for therapeutic exploitation. As non-living facsimiles of parent bacteria, MVs can carry multiple bioactive molecules such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and metabolites, which enable them to participate in intra- and interspecific communication. Although energetically costly, the release of MVs seems beneficial for bacterial fitness, especially for pathogens. In this review, we briefly discuss the current understanding of diverse MV biogenesis routes affecting MV cargo. We comprehensively highlight the physiological functions of MVs derived from human pathogens covering in vivo adaptation, colonization fitness, and effector delivery. Emphasis is given to recent findings suggesting a vicious cycle of MV biogenesis, pathophysiological function, and antibiotic therapy. We also summarize potential therapeutical applications, such as immunotherapy, vaccination, targeted delivery, and antimicrobial potency, including their experimental validation. This comparative overview identifies common and unique strategies for MV modification used along diverse applications. Thus, the review summarizes timely aspects of MV biology in a so far unprecedented combination ranging from beneficial function for bacterial pathogen survival to future medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himadri B. Thapa
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Stephan P. Ebenberger
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan Schild
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence Biohealth, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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26
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Pan F, Zhu M, Liang Y, Yuan C, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Fan H, Waldor MK, Ma Z. Membrane vesicle delivery of a streptococcal M protein disrupts the blood-brain barrier by inducing autophagic endothelial cell death. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2219435120. [PMID: 37276410 PMCID: PMC10268326 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2219435120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
M family proteins are critical virulence determinants of Streptococci. Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (SEZ) are Group C streptococci that cause meningitis in animals and humans. SzM, the M protein of SEZ, has been linked to SEZ brain invasion. Here, we demonstrate that SzM is important in SEZ disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). SEZ release SzM-bound membrane vesicles (MVs), and endocytosis of these vesicles by human brain endothelial microvascular cells (hBMECs) results in SzM-dependent cytotoxicity. Furthermore, administration of SzM-bound MVs disrupted the murine BBB. A CRISPR screen revealed that SzM cytotoxicity in hBMECs depends on PTEN-related activation of autophagic cell death. Pharmacologic inhibition of PTEN activity prevented SEZ disruption of the murine BBB and delayed mortality. Our data show that MV delivery of SzM to host cells plays a key role in SEZ pathogenicity and suggests that MV delivery of streptococcal M family proteins is likely a common streptococcal virulence mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Pan
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, the International Joint Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
| | - Mingli Zhu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, the International Joint Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, the International Joint Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
| | - Chen Yuan
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, the International Joint Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, the International Joint Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
| | - Yuchang Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, the International Joint Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
| | - Hongjie Fan
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, the International Joint Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou225009, China
| | - Matthew K. Waldor
- HHMI, Boston, MA02115
- Brigham and Women’s HospitalDivision of Infectious Diseases, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Zhe Ma
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, the International Joint Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou225009, China
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27
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Rodovalho VDR, da Luz BSR, Nicolas A, Jardin J, Briard-Bion V, Folador EL, Santos AR, Jan G, Loir YL, Azevedo VADC, Guédon É. Different culture media and purification methods unveil the core proteome of Propionibacterium freudenreichii-derived extracellular vesicles. Microlife 2023; 4:uqad029. [PMID: 37324655 PMCID: PMC10265600 DOI: 10.1093/femsml/uqad029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) are natural lipidic nanoparticles implicated in intercellular communication. Although EV research focused mainly on pathogens, the interest in probiotic-derived EVs is now rising. One example is Propionibacterium freudenreichii, which produces EVs with anti-inflammatory effects on human epithelial cells. Our previous study with P. freudenreichii showed that EVs purified by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) displayed variations in protein content according to bacterial growth conditions. Considering these content variations, we hypothesized that a comparative proteomic analysis of EVs recovered in different conditions would elucidate whether a representative vesicular proteome existed, possibly providing a robust proteome dataset for further analysis. Therefore, P. freudenreichii was grown in two culture media, and EVs were purified by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation (UC). Microscopic and size characterization confirmed EV purification, while shotgun proteomics unveiled that they carried a diverse set of proteins. A comparative analysis of the protein content of UC- and SEC-derived EVs, isolated from cultures either in UF (cow milk ultrafiltrate medium) or YEL (laboratory yeast extract lactate medium), showed that EVs from all these conditions shared 308 proteins. This EV core proteome was notably enriched in proteins related to immunomodulation. Moreover, it showed distinctive features, including highly interacting proteins, compositional biases for some specific amino acids, and other biochemical parameters. Overall, this work broadens the toolset for the purification of P. freudenreichii-derived EVs, identifies a representative vesicular proteome, and enumerates conserved features in vesicular proteins. These results hold the potential for providing candidate biomarkers of purification quality, and insights into the mechanisms of EV biogenesis and cargo sorting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius de Rezende Rodovalho
- INRAE, Institut Agro, STLO, 35042, Rennes, France
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13000-000, Brazil
| | - Brenda Silva Rosa da Luz
- INRAE, Institut Agro, STLO, 35042, Rennes, France
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Edson Luiz Folador
- Center of Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Anderson Rodrigues Santos
- Faculty of Computer Science, Department of Computer Science, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38400902, Brazil
| | - Gwénaël Jan
- INRAE, Institut Agro, STLO, 35042, Rennes, France
| | - Yves Le Loir
- INRAE, Institut Agro, STLO, 35042, Rennes, France
| | - Vasco Ariston de Carvalho Azevedo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Éric Guédon
- Corresponding author. INRAE, Institut Agro, STLO, 35042, Rennes, France. E-mail:
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28
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Hsin CH, Kuehne A, Gu Y, Jedlitschky G, Hagos Y, Gründemann D, Fuhr U. In vitro validation of an in vivo phenotyping drug cocktail for major drug transporters in humans. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 186:106459. [PMID: 37142000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cocktails of transporter probe drugs are used in vivo to assess transporter activity and respective drug-drug interactions. An inhibitory effect of components on transporter activities should be ruled out. Here, for a clinically tested cocktail consisting of adefovir, digoxin, metformin, sitagliptin, and pitavastatin, inhibition of major transporters by individual probe substrates was investigated in vitro. METHODS Transporter transfected HEK293 cells were used in all evaluations. Cell-based assays were applied for uptake by human organic cation transporters 1/2 (hOCT1/2), organic anion transporters 1/3 (hOAT1/3), multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins 1/2K (hMATE1/2K), and organic anion transporter polypeptide 1B1 (hOATP1B1). For P-glycoprotein (hMDR1) a cell-based efflux assay was used whereas an inside-out vesicle-based assay was used for the bile salt export pump (hBSEP). All assays used standard substrates and established inhibitors (as positive controls). Inhibition experiments using clinically achievable concentrations of potential perpetrators at the relevant transporter expression site were carried out initially. If there was a significant effect, the inhibition potency (Ki) was studied in detail. RESULTS In the inhibition tests, only sitagliptin had an effect and reduced hOCT1- and hOCT2- mediated metformin uptake and hMATE2K mediated MPP+ uptake by more than 70%, 80%, and 30%, respectively. The ratios of unbound Cmax (observed clinically) to Ki of sitagliptin were low with 0.009, 0.03, and 0.001 for hOCT1, hOCT2, and hMATE2K, respectively. CONCLUSION The inhibition of hOCT2 in vitro by sitagliptin is in agreement with the borderline inhibition of renal metformin elimination observed clinically, supporting a dose reduction of sitagliptin in the cocktail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsuan Hsin
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Pharmacology, Department I of Pharmacology, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Yi Gu
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Pharmacology, Department I of Pharmacology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gabriele Jedlitschky
- Department of General Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport (C_DAT), University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Dirk Gründemann
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Pharmacology, Department I of Pharmacology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Uwe Fuhr
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Pharmacology, Department I of Pharmacology, Cologne, Germany.
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29
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Javed W, Griffiths D, Politis A. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange-mass spectrometry of integral membrane proteins in native-like environments: current scenario and the way forward. Essays Biochem 2023:EBC20220173. [PMID: 36876893 DOI: 10.1042/EBC20220173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Integral membrane proteins (IMPs) perform a range of diverse functions and their dysfunction underlies numerous pathological conditions. Consequently, IMPs constitute most drug targets, and the elucidation of their mechanism of action has become an intense field of research. Historically, IMP studies have relied on their extraction from membranes using detergents, which have the potential to perturbate their structure and dynamics. To circumnavigate this issue, an array of membrane mimetics has been developed that aim to reconstitute IMPs into native-like lipid environments that more accurately represent the biological membrane. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange-mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) has emerged as a versatile tool for probing protein dynamics in solution. The continued development of HDX-MS methodology has allowed practitioners to investigate IMPs using increasingly native-like membrane mimetics, and even pushing the study of IMPs into the in vivo cellular environment. Consequently, HDX-MS has come of age and is playing an ever-increasingly important role in the IMP structural biologist toolkit. In the present mini-review, we discuss the evolution of membrane mimetics in the HDX-MS context, focusing on seminal publications and recent innovations that have led to this point. We also discuss state-of-the-art methodological and instrumental advancements that are likely to play a significant role in the generation of high-quality HDX-MS data of IMPs in the future.
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30
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Krzyżek P, Marinacci B, Vitale I, Grande R. Extracellular Vesicles of Probiotics: Shedding Light on the Biological Activity and Future Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:522. [PMID: 36839844 PMCID: PMC9967243 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
For many decades, the proper functioning of the human body has become a leading scientific topic. In the course of numerous experiments, a striking impact of probiotics on the human body has been documented, including maintaining the physiological balance of endogenous microorganisms, regulating the functioning of the immune system, enhancing the digestive properties of the host, and preventing or alleviating the course of many diseases. Recent research, especially from the last decade, shows that this health-benefiting activity of probiotics is largely conditioned by the production of extracellular vesicles. Although the importance of extracellular vesicles in the virulence of many live-threatening pathogens is widely described in the literature, much less is known with respect to the health-promoting effect of extracellular vesicles secreted by non-pathogenic microorganisms, including probiotics. Based on this, in the current review article, we decided to collect the latest literature data on the health-inducing properties of extracellular vesicles secreted by probiotics. The characteristics of probiotics' extracellular vesicles will be extended by the description of their physicochemical properties and the proteome in connection with the biological activities exhibited by these structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Krzyżek
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Beatrice Marinacci
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “Gabriele d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Irene Vitale
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Rossella Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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31
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Liu Y, Chen J, Raj K, Baerg L, Nathan N, Philpott DJ, Mahadevan R. A Universal Strategy to Promote Secretion of G+/G- Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles and Its Application in Host Innate Immune Responses. ACS Synth Biol 2023; 12:319-328. [PMID: 36592614 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria release nanosized extracellular vesicles called membrane vesicles (MVs, 20-400 nm), which have great potential in various biomedical applications due to their abilities to deliver effector molecules and induce therapeutic responses. To fully utilize bacterial MVs for therapeutic purposes, regulated and enhanced production of MVs would be highly advantageous. In this study, we developed a universal method to enhance MV yields in both G+/G- bacteria through an autonomous controlled peptidoglycan hydrolase (PGase) expression system. A significant increase (9.37-fold) of MV concentration was observed in engineered E. coli Nissle 1917 compared to the wild-type. With the help of this autonomous system, for the first time we experimentally confirmed horizontal gene transfer and nutrient acquisition in a cocultured bacterial consortium. Furthermore, the engineered probiotic E. coli strains with high yield of MVs showed higher activation of the innate immune responses in human embryonic kidney 293T (HEK293T) and human colorectal carcinoma cells (HCT116), thereby demonstrating the great potential of engineering probiotics in immunology and further living therapeutics in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilan Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Jinjin Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Kaushik Raj
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Lauren Baerg
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Nayanan Nathan
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Dana J Philpott
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Radhakrishnan Mahadevan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
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32
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Bianchi P, Minetti G, Bogdanova A, Kaestner L. Editorial: Images from red cell. Front Physiol 2023; 13:1113951. [PMID: 36714320 PMCID: PMC9877328 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1113951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Bianchi
- Hematology Unit, Physiopathology of Anemias Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy,*Correspondence: Paola Bianchi, ; Lars Kaestner,
| | - Giampaolo Minetti
- Red Blood Cell Research Group, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, and Center for Clinical Studies (ZKS), Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anna Bogdanova
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, Laboratories of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lars Kaestner
- Theoretical Medicine and Biosciences, Medical Faculty, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany,Dynamics of Fluids, Experimental Physics, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany,*Correspondence: Paola Bianchi, ; Lars Kaestner,
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Zhu K, Li G, Li J, Zheng M, Peng X, Rao Y, Li M, Zhou R, Rao X. Hcp1-loaded staphylococcal membrane vesicle vaccine protects against acute melioidosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1089225. [PMID: 36618368 PMCID: PMC9822774 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1089225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causal agent of melioidosis, a deadly tropical infectious disease that lacks a vaccine. On the basis of the attenuated Staphylococcus aureus RN4220-Δagr (RN), we engineered the RN4220-Δagr/pdhB-hcp1 strain (RN-Hcp1) to generate B. pseudomallei hemolysin-coregulated protein 1 (Hcp1)-loaded membrane vesicles (hcp1MVs). The immunization of BALB/c mice with hcp1MVs mixed with adjuvant by a three-dose regimen increased the serum specific IgG production. The serum levels of inflammatory factors, including TNF-α and IL-6, in hcp1MV-vaccinated mice were comparable with those in PBS-challenged mice. The partial adjuvant effect of staphylococcal MVs was observed with the elevation of specific antibody titer in hcp1MV-vaccinated mice relative to those that received the recombinant Hcp1 protein (rHcp1) or MVs derived from RN strain (ΔagrMVs). The hcp1MVs/adjuvant vaccine protected 70% of mice from lethal B. pseudomallei challenge. Immunization with hcp1MVs only protected 60% of mice, whereas vaccination with rHcp1 or ΔagrMVs conferred no protection. Moreover, mice that received hcp1MVs/adjuvant and hcp1MVs immunization had low serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels and no inflammatory infiltration in comparison with other groups. In addition, all surviving mice in hcp1MVs/adjuvant and hcp1MVs groups exhibited no culturable bacteria in their lungs, livers, and spleens five days postinfection. Overall, our data highlighted a new strategy for developing B. pseudomallei vaccine and showed that Hcp1-incorporated staphylococcal MV is a promising candidate for the prevention of acute melioidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keting Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingxia Zheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohui Peng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yifan Rao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Ming Li, ; Renjie Zhou, ; Xiancai Rao,
| | - Renjie Zhou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Ming Li, ; Renjie Zhou, ; Xiancai Rao,
| | - Xiancai Rao
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Ming Li, ; Renjie Zhou, ; Xiancai Rao,
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Qu M, Zhu H, Zhang X. Extracellular vesicle-mediated regulation of macrophage polarization in bacterial infections. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1039040. [PMID: 36619996 PMCID: PMC9815515 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1039040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale membrane-enveloped vesicles secreted by prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, which are commonly defined as membrane vesicles (MVs) and exosomes, respectively. They play critical roles in the bacteria-bacteria and bacteria-host interactions. In infectious diseases caused by bacteria, as the first line of defense against pathogens, the macrophage polarization mode commonly determines the success or failure of the host's response to pathogen aggression. M1-type macrophages secrete pro-inflammatory factors that support microbicidal activity, while alternative M2-type macrophages secrete anti-inflammatory factors that perform an antimicrobial immune response but partially allow pathogens to replicate and survive intracellularly. Membrane vesicles (MVs) released from bacteria as a distinctive secretion system can carry various components, including bacterial effectors, nucleic acids, or lipids to modulate macrophage polarization in host-pathogen interaction. Similar to MVs, bacteria-infected macrophages can secrete exosomes containing a variety of components to manipulate the phenotypic polarization of "bystander" macrophages nearby or long distance to differentiate into type M1 or M2 to regulate the course of inflammation. Exosomes can also repair tissue damage associated with the infection by upregulating the levels of anti-inflammatory factors, downregulating the pro-inflammatory factors, and regulating cellular biological behaviors. The study of the mechanisms by which EVs modulate macrophage polarization has opened new frontiers in delineating the molecular machinery involved in bacterial pathogenesis and challenges in providing new strategies for diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjuan Qu
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China,Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai, China
| | - Hongwei Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China,Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai, China,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment for Animal Products, Jinan, China
| | - Xingxiao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China,Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai, China,Shandong Breeding Environmental Control Engineering Laboratory, Yantai, China,*Correspondence: Xingxiao Zhang, ✉
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Kurata A, Yamasaki-Yashiki S, Imai T, Miyazaki A, Watanabe K, Uegaki K. Enhancement of IgA production by membrane vesicles derived from Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2022; 87:119-128. [PMID: 36331264 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbac172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is involved in the maintenance of gut homeostasis. Although the oral administration of bifidobacteria increases the amount of fecal IgA, the effects of bifidobacteria on intestinal immunity remain unclear. We found and characterized membrane vesicles (MVs) derived from Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis toward host immune cells. Bifidobacterium infantis MVs consisted of a cytoplasmic membrane, and extracellular solute-binding protein (ESBP) was specifically detected. In the presence of B. infantis MVs or recombinant ESBP, RAW264 cells produced the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6. IgA was produced by Peyer's patches cells following the addition of B. infantis MVs. Therefore, ESBP of B. infantis MVs is involved in the production of IgA by acquired immune cells via the production of IL-6 by innate immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Kurata
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, 204-3327 Nakamachi, Nara, Japan
| | - Shino Yamasaki-Yashiki
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoya Imai
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ayano Miyazaki
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, 204-3327 Nakamachi, Nara, Japan
| | - Keito Watanabe
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, 204-3327 Nakamachi, Nara, Japan
| | - Koichi Uegaki
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, 204-3327 Nakamachi, Nara, Japan.,Agricultural Technology and Innovation Research Institute, Kindai University, 204-3327 Nakamachi, Nara, Japan
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Chen X, Zhang J, Yang M, Du G, Chen F. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Membrane Vesicles Inhibit the Proliferation and Induce the Apoptosis of Epithelial Cells. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11121429. [PMID: 36558763 PMCID: PMC9781941 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11121429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus, or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), is the predominant pathogen in skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), and MRSA membrane vesicles (MVs) play a pivotal role in bacterial pathogenesis and the modulation of the host immune response. We aimed to investigate the interaction between MRSA MVs and epithelial cells. In this study, MVs were isolated from an MRSA culture supernatant using the ELD method, comprising an electrophoretic technique used in combination with a 300 kDa cut-off dialysis bag. The proteomic analysis of the MRSA MVs via mass spectrometry showed that shared and distinct proteins exist in the MVs from clinical MRSA isolates with different genetic backgrounds, such as health-care-associated MRSA (HA-MRSA) and community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA). These MRSA MVs were found to suppress the proliferation and increase the apoptosis of HaCaT cells. We conducted qPCR array, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and Western blotting (WB) analyses, and the results indicated that BCL2 antagonist/killer 1 (Bak1) may be involved in the apoptosis of HaCaT epithelial cells. Our findings suggest that MRSA MVs inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai 200011, China
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (F.C.); Tel.: +86-21-2327-1699 (F.C.); Fax: +86-21-6313-6856 (F.C.)
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Guanhuan Du
- Department of Oral Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Fuxiang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai 200011, China
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai 200025, China
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (F.C.); Tel.: +86-21-2327-1699 (F.C.); Fax: +86-21-6313-6856 (F.C.)
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da Silva Barreira D, Lapaquette P, Novion Ducassou J, Couté Y, Guzzo J, Rieu A. Spontaneous Prophage Induction Contributes to the Production of Membrane Vesicles by the Gram-Positive Bacterium Lacticaseibacillus casei BL23. mBio 2022;:e0237522. [PMID: 36200778 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02375-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of membrane vesicles (MVs) by Gram-positive bacteria has gained increasing attention over the last decade. Recently, models of vesicle formation have been proposed and involve the digestion of the cell wall by prophage-encoded or stress-induced peptidoglycan (PG) hydrolases and the inhibition of PG synthesis by β-lactam antibiotics. The impact of these mechanisms on vesicle formation is largely dependent on the strain and growth conditions. To date, no information on the production of vesicles by the lactobacilli family has been reported. Here, we aimed to characterize the MVs released by the Gram-positive bacteria Lacticaseibacillus casei BL23 and also investigated the mechanisms involved in vesicle formation. Using electron microscopy, we established that the size of the majority of L. casei BL23 vesicles ranged from 50 to 100 nm. Furthermore, we showed that the vesicles were released consistently throughout the growth of the bacteria in standard culture conditions. The protein composition of the vesicles released in the supernatant was identified and a significant number of prophage proteins was detected. Moreover, using a mutant strain harboring a defective PLE2 prophage, we were able to show that the spontaneous and mitomycin-triggered induction of the prophage PLE2 contribute to the production of MVs by L. casei BL23. Finally, we also demonstrated the influence of prophages on the membrane integrity of bacteria. Overall, our results suggest a key role of the prophage PLE2 in the production of MVs by L. casei BL23 in the absence or presence of genotoxic stress.
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Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global disease with no cure. Disruption of the microbial ecosystem is considered to be an important cause of IBD. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vital participants in cell-cell and cell-organism communication. Both host-derived EVs and bacteria-derived membrane vesicles (OMVs) contribute to homeostasis in the intestine. However, the roles of EVs-miRNAs and MVs in host-microbe interactions in colitis remain unclear. In the present study, the animal model of colitis was established by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to investigate the changes of miRNAs in colonic EVs from colitis. Several miRNAs were significantly altered in colitis EVs. miR-181b-5p transplantation inhibited M1 macrophage polarization and promoted M2 polarization to reduce the levels of inflammation both in acute and remission of chronic colitis. miR-200b-3p could interact with bacteria and regulate the composition of the microbiota, which contributed to intestinal barrier integrity and homeostasis. Notably, MVs from normal feces could effectively reverse the composition of the intestinal microbiota, restore the intestinal barrier and rescue colitis, and BMVs from colitis would also have similar effects after miR-200b-3p treatment. Our results preliminarily identify a vesicle-based host-microbe interaction cycle in colitis and provide new ideas for colitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichen Shen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuizui Huang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingyan Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiachen Yao
- Health Informatics Centre, Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ting Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingping Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China,Yingping Xiao Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 298, Desheng Middle Road, Hangzhou, People’ Republic of China
| | - Yuanxiang Jin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China,CONTACT Yuanxiang Jin College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18, Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, People’ Republic of China
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Kumar S, Schmitt C, Gorgette O, Marbouty M, Duchateau M, Giai Gianetto Q, Matondo M, Guigner JM, De Reuse H. Bacterial Membrane Vesicles as a Novel Strategy for Extrusion of Antimicrobial Bismuth Drug in Helicobacter pylori. mBio 2022;:e0163322. [PMID: 36154274 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01633-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial antibiotic resistance is a major threat to human health. A combination of antibiotics with metals is among the proposed alternative treatments. Only one such combination is successfully used in clinics; it associates antibiotics with the metal bismuth to treat infections by Helicobacter pylori. This bacterial pathogen colonizes the human stomach and is associated with gastric cancer, killing 800,000 individuals yearly. The effect of bismuth in H. pylori treatment is not well understood in particular for sublethal doses such as those measured in the plasma of treated patients. We addressed this question and observed that bismuth induces the formation of homogeneously sized membrane vesicles (MVs) with unique protein cargo content enriched in bismuth-binding proteins, as shown by quantitative proteomics. Purified MVs of bismuth-exposed bacteria were strongly enriched in bismuth as measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), unlike bacterial cells from which they originate. Thus, our results revealed a novel function of MVs in bismuth detoxification, where secreted MVs act as tool to discard bismuth from the bacteria. Bismuth also induces the formation of intracellular polyphosphate granules that are associated with changes in nucleoid structure. Nucleoid compaction in response to bismuth was established by immunogold electron microscopy and refined by the first chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) analysis of H. pylori. Our results reveal that even low doses of bismuth induce profound changes in H. pylori physiology and highlight a novel defense mechanism that involves MV-mediated bismuth extrusion from the bacteria and a probable local DNA protective response where polyphosphate granules are associated with nucleoid compaction.
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Chen YC, Kalawong R, Toyofuku M, Eberl L. The role of peptidoglycan hydrolases in the formation and toxicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa membrane vesicles. Microlife 2022; 3:uqac009. [PMID: 37229443 PMCID: PMC10117874 DOI: 10.1093/femsml/uqac009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) have been reported to kill other bacteria. In the case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa the bactericidal activity has been attributed to an unidentified 26 kDa peptidoglycan (PG) hydrolase that is associated with MVs and gives rise to a lytic band on zymograms using murein sacculi as substrate. In this study, we employed a proteomics approach to show that this PG hydrolase is the AmphD3 amidase. The analysis of an amphD3 mutant as well as of an AmphD3 overexpression derivative revealed that this enzyme is not required for the bactericidal activity of P. aeruginosa MVs but is involved in cell wall recycling and thus protects the cell against PG damage. Another 23 kDa PG hydrolase, which we observed on zymograms of SOS-induced MVs, was identified as the endolysin Lys, which triggers explosive cell lysis but is shown to be dispensable for MV-mediated killing. We conclude that the lytic activities observed on zymograms do not correlate with the bactericidal potential of MVs. We demonstrate that P. aeruginosa MVs are enriched for several autolysins, suggesting that the predatory activity of MVs depends on the combined action of different murein hydrolases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chi Chen
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ratchara Kalawong
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Masanori Toyofuku
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Leo Eberl
- Corresponding author: Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008 Zürich. Tel: +41 (0)44 63 48220; E-mail:
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Narciso AR, Iovino F, Thorsdottir S, Mellroth P, Codemo M, Spoerry C, Righetti F, Muschiol S, Normark S, Nannapaneni P, Henriques-Normark B. Membrane particles evoke a serotype-independent cross-protection against pneumococcal infection that is dependent on the conserved lipoproteins MalX and PrsA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2122386119. [PMID: 35648835 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2122386119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
SignificancePneumococcal infections are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Introduction of pneumococcal conjugated vaccines (PCVs) into the childhood vaccination program has led to a decrease in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in vaccinated children but concurrently to an increase of nonvaccine-type IPD, also in nonvaccinated age groups such as the elderly. Thus, novel vaccine approaches are urgently needed, especially for the elderly, targeting all pneumococci causing IPD. Here, we show that pneumococcal membrane particles (MPs) evoke a serotype-independent cross-protection against IPD. This protection is dependent on the presence of the two conserved lipoproteins MalX and PrsA. We suggest that MPs can be used for pneumococcal vaccine development.
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Tashiro Y. Bacterial membrane vesicles with multiple lipid bilayers: vesicles harboring organelle-like structures. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2022; 86:967-973. [PMID: 35544280 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbac066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria produce outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), which are spherical nanoparticles that are mainly composed of lipopolysaccharides, phospholipids, and outer membrane proteins. OMVs play critical biological roles in stress responses, microbial communication, and bacteria-host interactions. Additionally, they hold great potential for biotechnological applications because of their versatile function in molecular transport while protecting the endogenous substances. While OMVs have been considered lipid monolamellar vesicles for several decades, recent studies have shown that membrane vesicles (MVs) with multiple lipid bilayers, including outer-inner membrane vesicles, multilamellar vesicles and multivesicular vesicles, are also produced by gram-negative bacteria. Some internal vesicles contain cytoplasmic components such as DNA and thus function as organelle-like structures within MVs. This review provides recent findings regarding the biogenesis and properties of MVs with complex structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Tashiro
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, 432-8561, Japan.,Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Japan.,JST PRESTO, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
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Jiang M, Fan X, Jiang Z, Chen H, Liu Y, Yu T, Huang Q, Ma Y. Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Membrane Vesicles from Clinical C. acnes Isolates with Differential Antibiotic Resistance. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:703-712. [PMID: 35463830 PMCID: PMC9022742 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s363537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) is closely associated with the pathogenesis of acne, and antibiotics targeting C. acnes have been widely used for decades. However, antibiotic resistance has been increasing rapidly. Membrane vesicles (MVs) have been found to play important roles in antibiotic resistance in some bacteria. We aimed to explore the mechanism of antibiotic resistance and the virulence components within C. acnes-derived MVs. Materials and Methods We isolated clinical C. acnes strains from the lesions of acne patients who were sensitive or resistant to the antibiotics erythromycin and clindamycin. We analyzed the proteome of MVs from four sensitive C. acnes isolates and three resistant isolates by LC-MS/MS. Results We identified 543 proteins within the MVs of clinical C. acnes strains. Several lipases, NlpC/P60, CAMP factor, and Hta domain protein were detected as virulence factors in the C. acnes-derived MVs. The levels of two lipases and FtsZ were significantly higher in resistant C. acnes-derived MVs compared with sensitive strains (p < 0.05). Conclusion According to the implications of this study, improper antibiotic use might not only increase antibiotic resistance in C. acnes but could also further alter the cutaneous lipid composition and aggravate host inflammation, thus resulting in worse clinical manifestations in acne patients. This study re-emphasizes that the improper use of antibiotics should be treated more seriously in clinical practice. Furthermore, to combat multidrug resistance in C. acnes, this study suggests that FtsZ inhibitors could be useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyao Fan
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqi Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Huyan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianze Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
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Domínguez Rubio AP, D'Antoni CL, Piuri M, Pérez OE. Probiotics, Their Extracellular Vesicles and Infectious Diseases. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:864720. [PMID: 35432276 PMCID: PMC9006447 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.864720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics have been shown to be effective against infectious diseases in clinical trials, with either intestinal or extraintestinal health benefits. Even though probiotic effects are strain-specific, some "widespread effects" include: pathogen inhibition, enhancement of barrier integrity and regulation of immune responses. The mechanisms involved in the health benefits of probiotics are not completely understood, but these effects can be mediated, at least in part, by probiotic-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). However, to date, there are no clinical trials examining probiotic-derived EVs health benefits against infectious diseases. There is still a long way to go to bridge the gap between basic research and clinical practice. This review attempts to summarize the current knowledge about EVs released by probiotic bacteria to understand their possible role in the prevention and/or treatment of infectious diseases. A better understanding of the mechanisms whereby EVs package their cargo and the process involved in communication with host cells (inter-kingdom communication), would allow further advances in this field. In addition, we comment on the potential use and missing knowledge of EVs as therapeutic agents (postbiotics) against infectious diseases. Future research on probiotic-derived EVs is needed to open new avenues for the encapsulation of bioactives inside EVs from GRAS (Generally Regarded as Safe) bacteria. This could be a scientific novelty with applications in functional foods and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Paula Domínguez Rubio
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia L D'Antoni
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Piuri
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oscar E Pérez
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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45
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Liu Y, Liu Q, Zhao L, Dickey SW, Wang H, Xu R, Chen T, Jian Y, Wang X, Lv H, Otto M, Li M. Essential role of membrane vesicles for biological activity of the bacteriocin micrococcin P1. J Extracell Vesicles 2022; 11:e12212. [PMID: 35384360 PMCID: PMC8982634 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) have recently gained much attention and have been shown to carry a wide diversity of secreted bacterial components. However, it is poorly understood whether MV carriage is an indispensable requirement for a cargo's function. Bacteriocins as weapons of bacterial warfare shape the composition of microbial communities. Many bacteriocins have pronounced hydrophobicity that is imposed by their mechanism of action, but how they diffuse through aqueous environments to reach their target competitors is not known. Here we show that antimicrobial competitive activity of an exemplary hydrophobic bacteriocin of the thiopeptide antibiotic family, micrococcin P1 (MP1), is dependent on incorporation into MVs, which were found to carry MP1 at high concentrations. In contrast, MP1 without MV association was poorly active due to low solubility. Furthermore, we provide previously unavailable evidence that MVs fuse with a Gram‐positive bacterium's cytoplasmic membrane, in this case to deliver a bacteriocin to its intracellular target. Our findings demonstrate how bacteria overcome the problem associated with secreting hydrophobic small molecules and delivering them to their target and show that MVs have a key function in bacterial warfare. Furthermore, our study provides hitherto rare evidence that MVs provide an essential rather than merely accessory function in bacterial physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Seth W Dickey
- Pathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, U.S. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianchi Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Jian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiying Lv
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Michael Otto
- Pathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, U.S. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Min Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Faculty of Medical Laboratory, Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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46
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Flores E, Romanovicz DK, Nieves-Morión M, Foster RA, Villareal TA. Adaptation to an Intracellular Lifestyle by a Nitrogen-Fixing, Heterocyst-Forming Cyanobacterial Endosymbiont of a Diatom. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:799362. [PMID: 35369505 PMCID: PMC8969518 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.799362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The symbiosis between the diatom Hemiaulus hauckii and the heterocyst-forming cyanobacterium Richelia intracellularis makes an important contribution to new production in the world's oceans, but its study is limited by short-term survival in the laboratory. In this symbiosis, R. intracellularis fixes atmospheric dinitrogen in the heterocyst and provides H. hauckii with fixed nitrogen. Here, we conducted an electron microscopy study of H. hauckii and found that the filaments of the R. intracellularis symbiont, typically composed of one terminal heterocyst and three or four vegetative cells, are located in the diatom's cytoplasm not enclosed by a host membrane. A second prokaryotic cell was also detected in the cytoplasm of H. hauckii, but observations were infrequent. The heterocysts of R. intracellularis differ from those of free-living heterocyst-forming cyanobacteria in that the specific components of the heterocyst envelope seem to be located in the periplasmic space instead of outside the outer membrane. This specialized arrangement of the heterocyst envelope and a possible association of the cyanobacterium with oxygen-respiring mitochondria may be important for protection of the nitrogen-fixing enzyme, nitrogenase, from photosynthetically produced oxygen. The cell envelope of the vegetative cells of R. intracellularis contained numerous membrane vesicles that resemble the outer-inner membrane vesicles of Gram-negative bacteria. These vesicles can export cytoplasmic material from the bacterial cell and, therefore, may represent a vehicle for transfer of fixed nitrogen from R. intracellularis to the diatom's cytoplasm. The specific morphological features of R. intracellularis described here, together with its known streamlined genome, likely represent specific adaptations of this cyanobacterium to an intracellular lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Flores
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Dwight K Romanovicz
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Mercedes Nieves-Morión
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Rachel A Foster
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tracy A Villareal
- Department of Marine Science and Marine Science Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Port Aransas, TX, United States
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47
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Abstract
Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria can secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs), which contain numerous active substances. EVs mediate bacterial interactions with their hosts or other microbes. Bacterial EVs play a double-edged role in infections through various mechanisms, including the delivery of virulence factors, modulating immune responses, mediating antibiotic resistance, and inhibiting competitive microbes. The spread of antibiotic resistance continues to represent a difficult clinical challenge. Therefore, the investigation of novel therapeutics is a valuable research endeavor for targeting antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. As a pathogenic substance of bacteria, bacterial EVs have gained increased attention. Thus, EV inhibitors are expected to function as novel antimicrobial agents. The inhibition of EV production, EV activity, and EV-stimulated inflammation are considered potential pathways. This review primarily introduces compounds that effectively inhibit bacterial EVs and evaluates the prospects of their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Hongfang Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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48
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Kobayashi N, Abe K, Akagi S, Kitamura M, Shiraishi Y, Yamaguchi A, Yutani M, Amatsu S, Matsumura T, Nomura N, Ozaki N, Obana N, Fujinaga Y. Membrane Vesicles Derived From Clostridium botulinum and Related Clostridial Species Induce Innate Immune Responses via MyD88/TRIF Signaling in vitro. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:720308. [PMID: 35185840 PMCID: PMC8851338 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.720308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridium botulinum produces botulinum neurotoxin complexes that cause botulism. Previous studies elucidated the molecular pathogenesis of botulinum neurotoxin complexes; however, it currently remains unclear whether other components of the bacterium affect host cells. Recent studies provided insights into the role of bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) produced by some bacterial species in host immunity and pathology. We herein examined and compared the cellular effects of MVs isolated from four strains of C. botulinum with those of closely related Clostridium sporogenes and two strains of the symbiont Clostridium scindens. MVs derived from all strains induced inflammatory cytokine expression in intestinal epithelial and macrophage cell lines. Cytokine expression was dependent on myeloid differentiation primary response (MyD) 88 and TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF), essential adaptors for toll-like receptors (TLRs), and TLR1/2/4. The inhibition of actin polymerization impeded the uptake of MVs in RAW264.7 cells, however, did not reduce the induction of cytokine expression. On the other hand, the inhibition of dynamin or phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) suppressed the induction of cytokine expression by MVs, suggesting the importance of these factors downstream of TLR signaling. MVs also induced expression of Reg3 family antimicrobial peptides via MyD88/TRIF signaling in primary cultured mouse small intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). The present results indicate that MVs from C. botulinum and related clostridial species induce host innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhide Kobayashi
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Abe
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Akagi
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Mayu Kitamura
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yoshitake Shiraishi
- Department of Functional Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Aki Yamaguchi
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yutani
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Sho Amatsu
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takuhiro Matsumura
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Nomura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ozaki
- Department of Functional Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Nozomu Obana
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yukako Fujinaga
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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49
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Yepes-Molina L, Pérez-Jiménez MI, Martínez-Esparza M, Teruel JA, Ruiz-Alcaraz AJ, García-Peñarrubia P, Carvajal M. Membrane Vesicles for Nanoencapsulated Sulforaphane Increased Their Anti-Inflammatory Role on an In Vitro Human Macrophage Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1940. [PMID: 35216054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, there is a growing interest in finding new non-toxic anti-inflammatory drugs to treat inflammation, which is a key pathology in the development of several diseases with considerable mortality. Sulforaphane (SFN), a bioactive compound derived from Brassica plants, was shown to be promising due to its anti-inflammatory properties and great potential, though its actual clinical use is limited due to its poor stability and bioavailability. In this sense, the use of nanocarriers could solve stability-related problems. In the current study, sulforaphane loaded into membrane vesicles derived from broccoli plants was studied to determine the anti-inflammatory potential in a human-macrophage-like in vitro cell model under both normal and inflammatory conditions. On the one hand, the release of SFN from membrane vesicles was modeled in vitro, and two release phases were stabilized, one faster and the other slower due to the interaction between SFN and membrane proteins, such as aquaporins. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory action of sulforaphane-loaded membrane vesicles was demonstrated, as a decrease in interleukins crucial for the development of inflammation, such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, was observed. Furthermore, these results also showed that membrane vesicles by themselves had anti-inflammatory properties, opening the possibility of new lines of research to study these vesicles, not only as carriers but also as active compounds.
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50
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Nair A, Bu J, Rawding PA, Do SC, Li H, Hong S. Cytochalasin B Treatment and Osmotic Pressure Enhance the Production of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) with Improved Drug Loading Capacity. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 12:3. [PMID: 35009953 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been highlighted as novel drug carriers due to their unique structural properties and intrinsic features, including high stability, biocompatibility, and cell-targeting properties. Although many efforts have been made to harness these features to develop a clinically effective EV-based therapeutic system, the clinical translation of EV-based nano-drugs is hindered by their low yield and loading capacity. Herein, we present an engineering strategy that enables upscaled EV production with increased loading capacity through the secretion of EVs from cells via cytochalasin-B (CB) treatment and reduction of EV intravesicular contents through hypo-osmotic stimulation. CB (10 µg/mL) promotes cells to extrude EVs, producing ~three-fold more particles than through natural EV secretion. When CB is induced in hypotonic conditions (223 mOsm/kg), the produced EVs (hypo-CIMVs) exhibit ~68% less intravesicular protein, giving 3.4-fold enhanced drug loading capacity compared to naturally secreted EVs. By loading doxorubicin (DOX) into hypo-CIMVs, we found that hypo-CIMVs efficiently deliver their drug cargos to their target and induce up to ~1.5-fold more cell death than the free DOX. Thus, our EV engineering offers the potential for leveraging EVs as an effective drug delivery vehicle for cancer treatment.
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