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Jung S, Moeller K, Klein E, Heller J. Mode effect: An issue of perspective? Writing mode differences in a spelling assessment in German children with and without developmental dyslexia. Dyslexia 2021; 27:373-410. [PMID: 33615629 DOI: 10.1002/dys.1675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Digital technology has an increasing influence on writing processes. In this context, the question arises whether changes in writing mode (i.e., handwriting vs. computer-keyboard typing) also require changes in writing assessments. However, data directly comparing writing mode influences in children with and without developmental writing deficits are scarce. This study investigated the influence of writing mode in German-speaking, typically developing children and children with developmental dyslexia (DD) from two different levels. Results showed on a general level that writing mode influenced overall spelling accuracy, writing time, and self-corrections comparably in children with and without DD. On a rule-specific level, outcomes for writing time and self-corrections substantiated these findings. However, as regards spelling accuracy, a mode effect was only apparent for capitalization, whereas other spelling rules were resistant to writing mode influences. Present findings suggest that a mode effect is present only for typing specific aspects (e.g., capitalization) rather than reflecting a general influence on orthographic principles (e.g., grapheme-phoneme assignment, morphologic principles). These mode-specific aspects seem to comparably affect the writing performance of typically developing children and children with DD. We recommend writing assessments to consider that different writing modes may influence individual spelling rules differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Jung
- Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Korbinian Moeller
- Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien, Tübingen, Germany
- Centre for Mathematical Cognition, School of Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
- LEAD Graduate School and Research Network, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Center for Individual Development and Adaptive Education of Children at Risk (IDeA), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Elise Klein
- Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien, Tübingen, Germany
- LaPsyDÉ, CNRS, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Juergen Heller
- Department of Psychology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Hung HD, Chinh DD, Tan PV, Duong NV, Anh NQ, Le NH, Tuan HX, Anh NT, Duong NTT, Kien VD. The Prevalence of Myopia and Factors Associated with It Among Secondary School Children in Rural Vietnam. Clin Ophthalmol 2020; 14:1079-1090. [PMID: 32368006 PMCID: PMC7183771 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s251218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the prevalence of myopia and associated factors among secondary school children in a rural area of Vietnam.
Methods A school-based cross-sectional study of children in grades six to nine was conducted in four secondary schools in Hoang Mai town, Nghe An Province, Vietnam, during December 2018 and January 2019. The status of myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent objective refractive error of −0.50 D or worse in either eye. A case–control study was conducted to explore factors associated with myopia, where children with myopia were considered to be cases, and children without myopia were considered to be controls. Factors associated with myopia were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results The prevalence of myopia among secondary school children was 14.2% (95% CI: 12.7–15.7%) and tended to increase with grade, from 10.5% in grade six to 17.7% in grade nine. Myopia prevalence in girls was significantly higher than in boys. Factors associated with myopia were a mother with a college/university education (OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.2–5.3), parents who wore spectacles (OR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.1–3.8), distance from near work (OR = 5.2, 95% CI = 3.5–7.9), and taking breaks after 30 minutes of continued reading (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.1–2.5). However, there were inverse associations with myopia for children belonging to the wealthiest households (OR = 0.2, 95% CI = 0.1–0.5) and time spent performing outdoor activities (OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.4–0.9). Conclusion Our study showed that the prevalence of myopia is considerable among secondary children in rural areas of Vietnam. The prevalence of myopia tended to increase among children in higher grade levels. Thus, appropriate interventions should be developed and conducted to deal with the issue of school-age myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Duc Hung
- Quynh Lap National Leprosy Dermatology Hospital, Hoang Mai Town, Nghe An, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Nguyen Viet Duong
- Quynh Lap National Leprosy Dermatology Hospital, Hoang Mai Town, Nghe An, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Ho Xuan Tuan
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, The University of Da Nang, Da Nang City, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Vu Duy Kien
- OnCare Medical Technology Company Limited, Hanoi, Vietnam
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von Suchodoletz A, Fäsche A, Skuballa IT. The Role of Attention Shifting in Orthographic Competencies: Cross-Sectional Findings from 1st, 3rd, and 8th Grade Students. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1665. [PMID: 29018387 PMCID: PMC5622960 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Attention shifting refers to one core component of executive functions, a set of higher-order cognitive processes that predict different aspects of academic achievement. To date, few studies have investigated the role of attention shifting in orthographic competencies during middle childhood and early adolescence. In the present study, 69 first-grade, 121 third-grade, and 85 eighth-grade students' attention shifting was tested with a computer version of the Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS; Zelazo, 2006). General spelling skills and specific writing and spelling strategies were assessed with the Hamburger Writing Test (May, 2002). Results suggested associations between attention shifting and various orthographic competencies that differ across age groups and by sex. Across all age groups, better attention shifting was associated with less errors in applying alphabetical strategies. In third graders, better attention shifting was furthermore related to better general spelling skills and less errors in using orthographical strategies. In this age group, associations did not differ by sex. Among first graders, attention shifting was negatively related to general spelling skills, but only for boys. In contrast, attention shifting was positively related to general spelling skills in eighth graders, but only for girls. Finally, better attention shifting was associated with less case-related errors in eighth graders, independent of students' sex. In sum, the data provide insight into both variability and consistency in the pattern of relations between attention shifting and various orthographic competencies among elementary and middle school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje von Suchodoletz
- Department of Psychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Psychology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anika Fäsche
- Department of Psychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Irene T. Skuballa
- Department of Psychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Psychology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Yilmaz Soylu M, Zeleny MG, Zhao R, Bruning RH, Dempsey MS, Kauffman DF. Secondary Students' Writing Achievement Goals: Assessing the Mediating Effects of Mastery and Performance Goals on Writing Self-Efficacy, Affect, and Writing Achievement. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1406. [PMID: 28878707 PMCID: PMC5573427 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The two studies reported here explored the factor structure of the newly constructed Writing Achievement Goal Scale (WAGS), and examined relationships among secondary students' writing achievement goals, writing self-efficacy, affect for writing, and writing achievement. In the first study, 697 middle school students completed the WAGS. A confirmatory factor analysis revealed a good fit for this data with a three-factor model that corresponds with mastery, performance approach, and performance avoidance goals. The results of Study 1 were an indication for the researchers to move forward with Study 2, which included 563 high school students. The secondary students completed the WAGS, as well as the Self-efficacy for Writing Scale, and the Liking Writing Scale. Students also self-reported grades for writing and for language arts courses. Approximately 6 weeks later, students completed a statewide writing assessment. We tested a theoretical model representing relationships among Study 2 variables using structural equation modeling including students' responses to the study scales and students' scores on the statewide assessment. Results from Study 2 revealed a good fit between a model depicting proposed relationships among the constructs and the data. Findings are discussed relative to achievement goal theory and writing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary G Zeleny
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Nebraska-LincolnLincoln, NE, United States
| | - Ruomeng Zhao
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Nebraska-LincolnLincoln, NE, United States
| | - Roger H Bruning
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Nebraska-LincolnLincoln, NE, United States
| | - Michael S Dempsey
- Department of Surgery, Boston University School of MedicineBoston, MA, United States
| | - Douglas F Kauffman
- Department of Surgery, Boston University School of MedicineBoston, MA, United States
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Peltzer K, Pengpid S. Unintentional Injuries and Psychosocial Correlates among in-School Adolescents in Malaysia. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2015; 12:14936-47. [PMID: 26610542 PMCID: PMC4661689 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph121114936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to provide estimates of the prevalence and psychosocial correlates of unintentional injury among school-going adolescents in Malaysia. Cross-sectional data from the Global School-Based Health Survey (GSHS) included 21,699 students (predominantly ≤13 to ≥17 years) that were selected by a two-stage cluster sample design to represent all secondary school students in Forms 1 to 5. The percentage of school children reporting one or more serious injuries in the past year was 34.9%, 42.1% of boys and 27.8% of girls. The two major causes of the most serious injury were “fall” (9.9%) and motor vehicle accident or being hit by a motor vehicle (5.4%), and the most frequent type of injury sustained was cut, puncture, or stab wound (6.2%) and a broken bone or dislocated joint (4.2%). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, sociodemographic factors (being male and low socioeconomic status), substance use (tobacco and cannabis use), frequent soft drink consumption, attending physical education classes three or more times a week, other risky behavior (truancy, ever having had sex, being bullied), psychological distress, and lack of parental or guardian bonding were associated with annual injury prevalence. Several factors were identified, which could be included in injury prevention promotion programs among secondary school children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Peltzer
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamothon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
- Department of Research & Innovation, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.
- Faculty of Public Health, Thammasat University, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12121, Thailand.
- HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB (HAST), Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
| | - Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamothon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
- Department of Research & Innovation, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.
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