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Gao X, Zhang J, Cai J, Pei S, Liu L, Meng P, Huang H. Surface energy partitioning and evapotranspiration in a Pinus tabuliformis plantation in Northeast China. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1048828. [PMID: 36818848 PMCID: PMC9935938 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1048828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Examining the land-atmosphere interaction in vegetation rehabilitation areas is important for better understanding of land surface processes affected by human activities. In this study, energy flux observations were used to investigate surface energy partitioning and evapotranspiration (ET) in a Pinus tabuliformis plantation in Northeast China in 2020 and 2021. The sensible heat flux (H) was the dominant component of Rn, and the ratio of H to the latent heat flux was higher than 1 at all growth stages. The two most important factors influencing the midday evaporative fraction and daily ET were the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and soil water content at 10 cm depth (SWC10). Cumulative precipitation (P) minus ET was 62.83 and 239.90 mm in 2020 (annual P of 435.2 mm) and 2021 (annual P of 632.8 mm), respectively. The midday Priestley-Taylor coefficient (α), surface conductance (gs), and decoupling coefficient increased gradually from the onset of the mid-growing stage and decreased from the later growing stage. Midday α and gs increased with NDVI and SWC10 increasing until the NDVI (0.5) and SWC10 (0.17 mm3 mm-3) thresholds were reached, respectively. Midday α and gs were significantly influenced by vapor pressure deficit below 3 kPa, and the threshold value of midday gs was approximately 12 mm s-1. In conclusion, this Pinus tabuliformis plantation regulated surface energy partitioning properly, and left a part of P for surface runoff and groundwater recharge in the semiarid region of Northeast China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Henan Xiaolangdi Earth Critical Zone National Research Station on the Middle Yellow River, Jiyuan, China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Henan Xiaolangdi Earth Critical Zone National Research Station on the Middle Yellow River, Jiyuan, China
| | - Jinfeng Cai
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Songyi Pei
- State-owned Jianping County Heishui Mechanized Forest Farm, Chaoyang, China
| | - Linqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Henan Xiaolangdi Earth Critical Zone National Research Station on the Middle Yellow River, Jiyuan, China
| | - Ping Meng
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Henan Xiaolangdi Earth Critical Zone National Research Station on the Middle Yellow River, Jiyuan, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Henan Xiaolangdi Earth Critical Zone National Research Station on the Middle Yellow River, Jiyuan, China
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Fu Z, Ciais P, Makowski D, Bastos A, Stoy PC, Ibrom A, Knohl A, Migliavacca M, Cuntz M, Šigut L, Peichl M, Loustau D, El-Madany TS, Buchmann N, Gharun M, Janssens I, Markwitz C, Grünwald T, Rebmann C, Mölder M, Varlagin A, Mammarella I, Kolari P, Bernhofer C, Heliasz M, Vincke C, Pitacco A, Cremonese E, Foltýnová L, Wigneron JP. Uncovering the critical soil moisture thresholds of plant water stress for European ecosystems. Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:2111-2123. [PMID: 34927310 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the critical soil moisture (SM) threshold (θcrit ) of plant water stress and land surface energy partitioning is a basis to evaluate drought impacts and improve models for predicting future ecosystem condition and climate. Quantifying the θcrit across biomes and climates is challenging because observations of surface energy fluxes and SM remain sparse. Here, we used the latest database of eddy covariance measurements to estimate θcrit across Europe by evaluating evaporative fraction (EF)-SM relationships and investigating the covariance between vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and gross primary production (GPP) during SM dry-down periods. We found that the θcrit and soil matric potential threshold in Europe are 16.5% and -0.7 MPa, respectively. Surface energy partitioning characteristics varied among different vegetation types; EF in savannas had the highest sensitivities to SM in water-limited stage, and the lowest in forests. The sign of the covariance between daily VPD and GPP consistently changed from positive to negative during dry-down across all sites when EF shifted from relatively high to low values. This sign of the covariance changed after longer period of SM decline in forests than in grasslands and savannas. Estimated θcrit from the VPD-GPP covariance method match well with the EF-SM method, showing this covariance method can be used to detect the θcrit . We further found that soil texture dominates the spatial variability of θcrit while shortwave radiation and VPD are the major drivers in determining the spatial pattern of EF sensitivities. Our results highlight for the first time that the sign change of the covariance between daily VPD and GPP can be used as an indicator of how ecosystems transition from energy to SM limitation. We also characterized the corresponding θcrit and its drivers across diverse ecosystems in Europe, an essential variable to improve the representation of water stress in land surface models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Fu
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - David Makowski
- Unit Applied Mathematics and Computer Science (UMR 518), INRAE AgroParisTech Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Ana Bastos
- Department Biogeochemical Integration, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Paul C Stoy
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Andreas Ibrom
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Alexander Knohl
- Bioclimatology, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mirco Migliavacca
- Department Biogeochemical Integration, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Cuntz
- AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR Silva, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Ladislav Šigut
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Matthias Peichl
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Denis Loustau
- ISPA, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Tarek S El-Madany
- Department Biogeochemical Integration, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Nina Buchmann
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mana Gharun
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Janssens
- Center of Excellence Global Change Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Christian Markwitz
- Bioclimatology, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Grünwald
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Institute of Hydrology and Meteorology, Technische Universit ̈at Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Corinna Rebmann
- Department Computational Hydrosystems, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Meelis Mölder
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Andrej Varlagin
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan Mammarella
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pasi Kolari
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christian Bernhofer
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Institute of Hydrology and Meteorology, Technische Universit ̈at Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michal Heliasz
- Centre for Environmental and Climate Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Caroline Vincke
- Earth and Life Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | - Edoardo Cremonese
- Climate Change Unit, Environmental Protection Agency of Aosta Valley, Saint Christophe, Italy
| | - Lenka Foltýnová
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
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