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Qasim H, Rajaei M, Xu Y, Reyes-Alcaraz A, Abdelnasser HY, Stewart MD, Lahiri SK, Wehrens XHT, McConnell BK. AKAP12 Upregulation Associates With PDE8A to Accelerate Cardiac Dysfunction. Circ Res 2024; 134:1006-1022. [PMID: 38506047 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In heart failure, signaling downstream the β2-adrenergic receptor is critical. Sympathetic stimulation of β2-adrenergic receptor alters cAMP (cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate) and triggers PKA (protein kinase A)-dependent phosphorylation of proteins that regulate cardiac function. cAMP levels are regulated in part by PDEs (phosphodiesterases). Several AKAPs (A kinase anchoring proteins) regulate cardiac function and are proposed as targets for precise pharmacology. AKAP12 is expressed in the heart and has been reported to directly bind β2-adrenergic receptor, PKA, and PDE4D. However, its roles in cardiac function are unclear. METHODS cAMP accumulation in real time downstream of the β2-adrenergic receptor was detected for 60 minutes in live cells using the luciferase-based biosensor (GloSensor) in AC16 human-derived cardiomyocyte cell lines overexpressing AKAP12 versus controls. Cardiomyocyte intracellular calcium and contractility were studied in adult primary cardiomyocytes from male and female mice overexpressing cardiac AKAP12 (AKAP12OX) and wild-type littermates post acute treatment with 100-nM isoproterenol (ISO). Systolic cardiac function was assessed in mice after 14 days of subcutaneous ISO administration (60 mg/kg per day). AKAP12 gene and protein expression levels were evaluated in left ventricular samples from patients with end-stage heart failure. RESULTS AKAP12 upregulation significantly reduced total intracellular cAMP levels in AC16 cells through PDE8. Adult primary cardiomyocytes from AKAP12OX mice had significantly reduced contractility and impaired calcium handling in response to ISO, which was reversed in the presence of the selective PDE8 inhibitor (PF-04957325). AKAP12OX mice had deteriorated systolic cardiac function and enlarged left ventricles. Patients with end-stage heart failure had upregulated gene and protein levels of AKAP12. CONCLUSIONS AKAP12 upregulation in cardiac tissue is associated with accelerated cardiac dysfunction through the AKAP12-PDE8 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Qasim
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (H.Q., M.R., Y.X., A.R.-A., H.Y.A., B.K.M.), University of Houston, TX
| | - Mehrdad Rajaei
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (H.Q., M.R., Y.X., A.R.-A., H.Y.A., B.K.M.), University of Houston, TX
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (H.Q., M.R., Y.X., A.R.-A., H.Y.A., B.K.M.), University of Houston, TX
| | - Arfaxad Reyes-Alcaraz
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (H.Q., M.R., Y.X., A.R.-A., H.Y.A., B.K.M.), University of Houston, TX
| | - Hala Y Abdelnasser
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (H.Q., M.R., Y.X., A.R.-A., H.Y.A., B.K.M.), University of Houston, TX
| | - M David Stewart
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry (M.D.S.), University of Houston, TX
| | - Satadru K Lahiri
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Departments of Integrative Physiology, Medicine, Neuroscience, Pediatrics, and Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (S.K.L., X.H.T.W.)
| | - Xander H T Wehrens
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Departments of Integrative Physiology, Medicine, Neuroscience, Pediatrics, and Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (S.K.L., X.H.T.W.)
| | - Bradley K McConnell
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (H.Q., M.R., Y.X., A.R.-A., H.Y.A., B.K.M.), University of Houston, TX
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2
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Subramanian H, Nikolaev VO. AKAP12 Overexpression Affects Cardiac Function via PDE8. Circ Res 2024; 134:1023-1025. [PMID: 38603476 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.324475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Hariharan Subramanian
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.)
| | - Viacheslav O Nikolaev
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (H.S., V.O.N.)
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3
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Chen Z, Wang G, Wang W, Wang X, Huang Y, Jia J, Gao Q, Xu H, Xu Y, Ma Z, He L, Cheng J, Li C. PDE9A polymorphism and association analysis with growth performance and gastrointestinal weight of Hu sheep. Gene 2024; 900:148137. [PMID: 38184018 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 9A (PDE9A) plays a crucial role in activating the cGMP-dependent signaling pathway and may have important effects on the growth and development of the gastrointestinal tract in Hu sheep. In this study, we analyzed the single nucleotide polymorphisms of PDE9A in 988 Hu sheep and their correlation with growth performance, feed efficiency, and gastrointestinal development. Additionally, we examined the expression level of different PDE9A genotypes in the gastrointestinal tract of Hu sheep by using fluorescence quantitative PCR. The results revealed a moderate level of polymorphism (0.25 < PIC < 0.50) at the g.286248617 T > C mutation site located in the first intron of PDE9A in Hu sheep, with three genotypes: CC, CT, and TT. The weights of the omasum, colon, and cecum were significantly greater in the CC genotype than in the TT genotype (P < 0.05), and the expression level of PDE9A in the tissues of the rumen, ileum, cecum, and colon was notably lower in the CC genotype individuals (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that the polymorphism of PDE9A affects the weight of the stomach, colon, and cecum in Hu sheep through expression regulation. Overall, the results of this study suggest that the g.286248617 T > C mutation site in the first intron of PDE9A can serve as a potential molecular marker for breeding practices related to the gastrointestinal weight of Hu sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanyu Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Guoxiu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Weimin Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Gansu 730020, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Yongliang Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Jiale Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Qihao Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Haoyu Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Yunfei Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Zongwu Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Lijuan He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Jiangbo Cheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Gansu 730020, China
| | - Chong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
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Iida R, Ueki M, Yasuda T. Knockout of M-LP/Mpv17L, a newly identified atypical PDE, induces physiological afferent cardiac hypertrophy in mice. Transgenic Res 2023; 32:575-582. [PMID: 37851308 PMCID: PMC10713670 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-023-00373-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
M-LP/Mpv17L (Mpv17-like protein) is an atypical cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) without the molecular structure characteristic of the PDE family. Deficiency of M-LP/Mpv17L in mice has been found to result in development of β-cell hyperplasia and improved glucose tolerance. Here, we report another phenotype observed in M-LP/Mpv17L-knockout (KO) mice: afferent cardiac hypertrophy. Although the hearts of M-LP/Mpv17L-KO mice did not differ in size from those of wild-type mice, there was marked narrowing of the left ventricular lumen and thickening of the ventricular wall. The diameter and cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes in 8-month-old M-LP/Mpv17L-KO mice were increased 1.16-fold and 1.35-fold, respectively, relative to control mice, but showed no obvious abnormalities of cell structure, fibrosis or impaired cardiac function. In 80-day-old KO mice, the expression of hypertrophic marker genes, brain natriuretic peptide (BNF), actin alpha cardiac muscle 1 (ACTC1) and actin alpha 1 skeletal muscle (ACTA1), as well as the Wnt/β-catenin pathway target genes, lymphoid enhancer-binding factor-1 (LEF1), axis inhibition protein 2 (AXIN2) and transcription factor 7 (TCF7), was significantly up-regulated relative to control mice, whereas fibrosis-related genes such as fibronectin 1 (FN1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were down-regulated. Western blot analysis revealed increased phosphorylation of molecules downstream of the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway, such as β-catenin, ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2), phospholamban (PLN) and troponin I (cTnI), as well as members of the MEK1-ERK1/2 signaling pathway, which is strongly involved in afferent cardiac hypertrophy. Taken together, these findings indicate that M-LP/Mpv17L is one of the PDEs actively functioning in the heart and that deficiency of M-LP/Mpv17L in mice promotes physiological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Iida
- Molecular Neuroscience Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan.
| | - Misuzu Ueki
- Molecular Neuroscience Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Yasuda
- Organization for Life Science Advancement Programs, University of Fukui, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
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McDowell JR, Bai G, Lasek-Nesselquist E, Eisele LE, Wu Y, Hurteau G, Johnson R, Bai Y, Chen Y, Chan J, McDonough KA. Mycobacterial phosphodiesterase Rv0805 is a virulence determinant and its cyclic nucleotide hydrolytic activity is required for propionate detoxification. Mol Microbiol 2023; 119:401-422. [PMID: 36760076 PMCID: PMC10315211 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.15030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling is essential to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) pathogenesis. However, the roles of phosphodiesterases (PDEs) Rv0805, and the recently identified Rv1339, in cAMP homeostasis and Mtb biology are unclear. We found that Rv0805 modulates Mtb growth within mice, macrophages and on host-associated carbon sources. Mycobacterium bovis BCG grown on a combination of propionate and glycerol as carbon sources showed high levels of cAMP and had a strict requirement for Rv0805 cNMP hydrolytic activity. Supplementation with vitamin B12 or spontaneous genetic mutations in the pta-ackA operon restored the growth of BCGΔRv0805 and eliminated propionate-associated cAMP increases. Surprisingly, reduction of total cAMP levels by ectopic expression of Rv1339 restored only 20% of growth, while Rv0805 complementation fully restored growth despite a smaller effect on total cAMP levels. Deletion of an Rv0805 localization domain also reduced BCG growth in the presence of propionate and glycerol. We propose that localized Rv0805 cAMP hydrolysis modulates activity of a specialized pathway associated with propionate metabolism, while Rv1339 has a broader role in cAMP homeostasis. Future studies will address the biological roles of Rv0805 and Rv1339, including their impacts on metabolism, cAMP signaling and Mtb pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R. McDowell
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany NY 12208
| | - Guangchun Bai
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, MC-151, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208-3479
| | - Erica Lasek-Nesselquist
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany NY 12208
| | - Leslie E. Eisele
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208
| | - Yan Wu
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208
| | - Gregory Hurteau
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208
| | - Richard Johnson
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany NY 12208
| | - Yinlan Bai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany NY 12208
| | - Yong Chen
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - John Chan
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Kathleen A. McDonough
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany NY 12208
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Campolo F, Capponi C, Tarsitano MG, Tenuta M, Pozza C, Gianfrilli D, Magliocca F, Venneri MA, Vicini E, Lenzi A, Isidori AM, Barbagallo F. cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase 8A and 8B isoforms are differentially expressed in human testis and Leydig cell tumor. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1010924. [PMID: 36277728 PMCID: PMC9585345 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1010924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate/Protein kinase A (cAMP/PKA) signaling pathway is the master regulator of endocrine tissue function. The level, compartmentalization and amplitude of cAMP response are finely regulated by phosphodiesterases (PDEs). PDE8 is responsible of cAMP hydrolysis and its expression has been characterized in all steroidogenic cell types in rodents including adrenal and Leydig cells in rodents however scarce data are currently available in humans. Here we demonstrate that human Leydig cells express both PDE8A and PDE8B isoforms. Interestingly, we found that the expression of PDE8B but not of PDE8A is increased in transformed Leydig cells (Leydig cell tumors-LCTs) compared to non-tumoral cells. Immunofluorescence analyses further reveals that PDE8A is also highly expressed in specific spermatogenic stages. While the protein is not detected in spermatogonia it accumulates nearby the forming acrosome, in the trans-Golgi apparatus of spermatocytes and spermatids and it follows the fate of this organelle in the later stages translocating to the caudal part of the cell. Taken together our findings suggest that 1) a specific pool(s) of cAMP is/are regulated by PDE8A during spermiogenesis pointing out a possible new role of this PDE8 isoform in key events governing the differentiation and maturation of human sperm and 2) PDE8B can be involved in Leydig cell transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Campolo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Capponi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Tarsitano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Marta Tenuta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlotta Pozza
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Gianfrilli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Magliocca
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mary A. Venneri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Vicini
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea M. Isidori
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Barbagallo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Kore University of Enna, Enna, Italy
- *Correspondence: Federica Barbagallo,
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7
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Sun Z, Yuan X, Du P, Chen P. High Expression of PDE8B and DUOX2 Associated with Ability of Metastasis in Thyroid Carcinoma. Comput Math Methods Med 2021; 2021:2362195. [PMID: 34966441 PMCID: PMC8712144 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2362195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hormone is an independent factor that induces differentiation of thyroid cancer (TC) cells. The thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) could promote the progression and invasion in TC cells. However, few genes related to hormone changes are studied in poorly differentiated metastatic TC. This study is aimed at constructing a gene set's coexpression correlation network and verifying the changes of some hub genes involved in regulating hormone levels. METHODS Microarray datasets of TC samples were obtained from public Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. R software and bioinformatics packages were utilized to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), important gene module eigengenes, and hub genes. Subsequently, the Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was constructed to explore important biological processes that are associated with the mechanism of poorly differentiated TC. Finally, some hub gene expressions were validated through real-time PCR and immunoblotting. RESULTS Gene chip with category number GSE76039 was analyzed, and 1190 DEGs were screened with criteria of P < 0.05 and ∣log2foldchange | >2. Our analysis showed that human dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2) and phosphodiesterase 8B (PDE8B) are the two important hub genes in a coexpression network. In addition, the validated experimental results showed that the expression levels of both DUOX2 and PDE8B were elevated in poorly differentiated metastatic TC tissues. CONCLUSION This study identified and validated that DUOX2 and PDE8B were significantly associated with the metastasis ability of thyroid carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang City 222000, China
| | - Xiaoshuai Yuan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang City 222000, China
| | - Peng Du
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang City 222000, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang City 222000, China
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Ceddia RP, Liu D, Shi F, Crowder MK, Mishra S, Kass DA, Collins S. Increased Energy Expenditure and Protection From Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice Lacking the cGMP-Specific Phosphodiesterase PDE9. Diabetes 2021; 70:2823-2836. [PMID: 34620617 PMCID: PMC8660992 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotides cAMP and cGMP are important second messengers for the regulation of adaptive thermogenesis. Their levels are controlled not only by their synthesis, but also their degradation. Since pharmacological inhibitors of cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase 9 (PDE9) can increase cGMP-dependent protein kinase signaling and uncoupling protein 1 expression in adipocytes, we sought to elucidate the role of PDE9 on energy balance and glucose homeostasis in vivo. Mice with targeted disruption of the PDE9 gene, Pde9a, were fed nutrient-matched high-fat (HFD) or low-fat diets. Pde9a -/- mice were resistant to HFD-induced obesity, exhibiting a global increase in energy expenditure, while brown adipose tissue (AT) had increased respiratory capacity and elevated expression of Ucp1 and other thermogenic genes. Reduced adiposity of HFD-fed Pde9a -/- mice was associated with improvements in glucose handling and hepatic steatosis. Cold exposure or treatment with β-adrenergic receptor agonists markedly decreased Pde9a expression in brown AT and cultured brown adipocytes, while Pde9a -/- mice exhibited a greater increase in AT browning, together suggesting that the PDE9-cGMP pathway augments classical cold-induced β-adrenergic/cAMP AT browning and energy expenditure. These findings suggest PDE9 is a previously unrecognized regulator of energy metabolism and that its inhibition may be a valuable avenue to explore for combating metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P Ceddia
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Integrative Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, FL
| | - Dianxin Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Integrative Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, FL
| | - Fubiao Shi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Integrative Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, FL
| | - Mark K Crowder
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Sumita Mishra
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University and School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - David A Kass
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University and School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University and School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University and School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sheila Collins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Integrative Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, FL
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
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9
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Kolb TM, Johnston L, Damarla M, Kass DA, Hassoun PM. PDE9A deficiency does not prevent chronic-hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in mice. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15057. [PMID: 34569183 PMCID: PMC8474007 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specific phosphodiesterases (PDEs) is a cornerstone of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)-specific therapy. PDE9A, expressed in the heart and lung tissue, has the highest affinity for cGMP of all known PDEs. PDE9A deficiency protects mice against chronic left ventricular (LV) pressure overload via increased natriuretic peptide (NP)-dependent cGMP signaling. Chronic-hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (CH-PH) is a model of chronic right ventricular (RV) pressure overload, and previous studies have demonstrated a protective role for NPs in the murine model. Therefore, we hypothesized that PDE9A deficiency would promote NP-dependent cGMP signaling and prevent RV remodeling in the CH-PH model, analogous to findings in the LV. We exposed wild-type and PDE9A-deficient (Pde9a-/- ) C57BL/6 mice to CH-PH for 3 weeks. We measured RV pressure, hypertrophy, and levels of lung and RV cGMP, PDE9A, PDE5A, and phosphorylation of the protein kinase G substrate VASP (vasodilatory-stimulated phosphoprotein) after CH-PH. In wild-type mice, CH-PH was associated with increased circulating ANP and lung PDE5A, but no increase in cGMP, PDE9A, or VASP phosphorylation. Downstream effectors of cGMP were not increased in Pde9a-/- mice exposed to CH-PH compared with Pde9a+/+ littermates, and CH-PH induced increases in RV pressure and hypertrophy were not attenuated in knockout mice. Taken together, these findings argue against a prominent role for PDE9A in the murine CH-PH model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd M. Kolb
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine PulmonaryJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Laura Johnston
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine PulmonaryJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Mahendra Damarla
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine PulmonaryJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - David A. Kass
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Paul M. Hassoun
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine PulmonaryJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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10
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Susmi TF, Rahman A, Khan MMR, Yasmin F, Islam MS, Nasif O, Alharbi SA, Batiha GES, Hossain MU. Prognostic and clinicopathological insights of phosphodiesterase 9A gene as novel biomarker in human colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:577. [PMID: 34016083 PMCID: PMC8136133 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08332-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PDE9A (Phosphodiesterase 9A) plays an important role in proliferation of cells, their differentiation and apoptosis via intracellular cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate) signaling. The expression pattern of PDE9A is associated with diverse tumors and carcinomas. Therefore, PDE9A could be a prospective candidate as a therapeutic target in different types of carcinoma. The study presented here was designed to carry out the prognostic value as a biomarker of PDE9A in Colorectal cancer (CRC). The present study integrated several cancer databases with in-silico techniques to evaluate the cancer prognosis of CRC. RESULTS The analyses suggested that the expression of PDE9A was significantly down-regulated in CRC tissues than in normal tissues. Moreover, methylation in the DNA promoter region might also manipulate PDE9A gene expression. The Kaplan-Meier curves indicated that high level of expression of PDE9A gene was associated to higher survival in OS, RFS, and DSS in CRC patients. PDE9A demonstrated the highest positive correlation for rectal cancer recurrence with a marker gene CEACAM7. Furtheremore, PDE9A shared consolidated pathways with MAPK14 to induce survival autophagy in CRC cells and showed interaction with GUCY1A2 to drive CRPC. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the prognostic value of PDE9A gene could be used as a potential tumor biomarker for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasmina Ferdous Susmi
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408 Bangladesh
| | - Atikur Rahman
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408 Bangladesh
- Department of Fermentation Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Md. Moshiur Rahman Khan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408 Bangladesh
| | - Farzana Yasmin
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shariful Islam
- Department of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 5 Chome Kita 8 Jonishi, Kita Ward, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0808 Japan
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, 101 T.H. Morgan Building, Lexington, KY 40506-022 USA
| | - Omaima Nasif
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University [Medical City], King Khalid University Hospital, PO Box 2925, Riyadh, 11461 Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, AlBeheira 22511 Egypt
| | - Mohammad Uzzal Hossain
- Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Biotechnology, Ganakbari, Ashulia, Savar, Dhaka 1349 Bangladesh
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11
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Leal LF, Szarek E, Berthon A, Nesterova M, Faucz FR, London E, Mercier C, Abu-Asab M, Starost MF, Dye L, Bilinska B, Kotula-Balak M, Antonini SR, Stratakis CA. Pde8b haploinsufficiency in mice is associated with modest adrenal defects, impaired steroidogenesis, and male infertility, unaltered by concurrent PKA or Wnt activation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 522:111117. [PMID: 33338547 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.111117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PDE8B, PRKAR1A and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling are involved in endocrine disorders. However, how PDEB8B interacts with both Wnt and protein kinase A (PKA) signaling in vivo remains unknown. We created a novel Pde8b knockout mouse line (Pde8b-/-); Pde8b haploinsufficient (Pde8b+/-) mice were then crossed with mice harboring: (1) constitutive beta-catenin activation (Pde8b+/-;ΔCat) and (2) Prkar1a haploinsufficieny (Pde8b+/-;Prkar1a+/-). Adrenals and testes from mice (3-12-mo) were evaluated in addition to plasma corticosterone, aldosterone and Dkk3 concentrations, and the examination of expression of steroidogenesis-, Wnt- and cAMP/PKA-related genes. Pde8b-/- male mice were infertile with down-regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway which did not change significantly in the Pde8b+/-;ΔCat mice. Prkar1a haploinsufficiency also did not change the phenotype significantly. In vitro studies showed that PDE8B knockdown upregulated the Wnt pathway and increased proliferation in CTNNB1-mutant cells, whereas it downregulated the Wnt pathway in PRKAR1A-mutant cells. These data support an overall weak, if any, role for PDE8B in adrenocortical tumorigenesis, even when co-altered with Wnt signaling or PKA upregulation; on the other hand, PDE8B appears to play a significant role in male fertility.
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MESH Headings
- 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases/genetics
- 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases/metabolism
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/blood
- Adrenal Glands/drug effects
- Adrenal Glands/pathology
- Adrenal Glands/physiopathology
- Aldosterone/blood
- Animals
- Cell Line
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Corticosterone/blood
- Crosses, Genetic
- Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Dexamethasone/pharmacology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Haploinsufficiency/genetics
- Infertility, Male/blood
- Infertility, Male/genetics
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Phenotype
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Spermatogenesis/drug effects
- Spermatogenesis/genetics
- Steroids/biosynthesis
- Testis/drug effects
- Testis/ultrastructure
- Wnt Proteins/metabolism
- beta Catenin/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Ferro Leal
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, Program on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics (PDEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA; Departments of Pediatrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, 14049-900, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil; Barretos School of Health Sciences, Dr. Paulo Prata - FACISB, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Eva Szarek
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, Program on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics (PDEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Annabel Berthon
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, Program on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics (PDEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Maria Nesterova
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, Program on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics (PDEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Fabio R Faucz
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, Program on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics (PDEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Edra London
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, Program on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics (PDEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Christopher Mercier
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, Program on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics (PDEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Mones Abu-Asab
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, Program on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics (PDEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Matthew F Starost
- National Institutes of Health, Division of Veterinary Resources, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Louis Dye
- Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Microscopy and Imaging Core Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Barbara Bilinska
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa, Krakow, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Kotula-Balak
- University Centre of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza, Krakow, Poland
| | - Sonir R Antonini
- Departments of Pediatrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, 14049-900, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Constantine A Stratakis
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, Program on Developmental Endocrinology & Genetics (PDEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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12
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Abstract
Propagating waves of cAMP, periodically initiated in the aggregation centre, are known to guide the chemotactic aggregation of hundreds of thousands of starving individual Dictyostelium discoideum cells into multicellular aggregates. Propagating optical density waves, reflecting cell periodic movement, have previously been shown to exist in streaming aggregates, mounds and migrating slugs. Using a highly sensitive cAMP-FRET reporter, we have now been able to measure periodically propagating cAMP waves directly in these multicellular structures. In slugs cAMP waves are periodically initiated in the tip and propagate backward through the prespore zone. Altered cAMP signalling dynamics in mutants with developmental defects strongly support a key functional role for cAMP waves in multicellular Dictyostelium morphogenesis. These findings thus show that propagating cAMP not only control the initial aggregation process but continue to be the long range cell-cell communication mechanism guiding cell movement during multicellular Dictyostelium morphogenesis at the mound and slugs stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail Singer
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH UK
| | - Tsuyoshi Araki
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH UK
- Present Address: Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554 Japan
| | - Cornelis J. Weijer
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH UK
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13
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Scharrenbroich J, Kaever V, Dove S, Seifert R, Schneider EH. Hydrolysis of the non-canonical cyclic nucleotide cUMP by PDE9A: kinetics and binding mode. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018; 392:199-208. [PMID: 30443663 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-1582-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The non-canonical cyclic nucleotide cUMP and the phosphodiesterase PDE9A both occur in neuronal cells. Using HPLC-coupled tandem mass spectrometry, we characterized the kinetics of PDE9A-mediated cUMP hydrolysis. PDE9A is a low-affinity and high-velocity enzyme for cUMP (Vmax = ~ 6 μmol/min/mg; Km = ~ 401 μM). The PDE9 inhibitor BAY 73-6691 inhibited PDE9A-catalyzed cUMP hydrolysis (Ki = 590 nM). Docking studies indicate two H-bonds between the cUMP uridine moiety and Gln453/Asn405 of PDE9A. By contrast, the guanosine moiety of cGMP forms three H-bonds with Gln453. cCMP is not hydrolyzed at a concentration of 3 μM, but inhibits the PDE9A-catalyzed cUMP hydrolysis at concentrations of 100 μM or more. The probable main reason is that the cytosine moiety cannot act as H-bond acceptor for Gln453. A comparison of PDE9A with PDE7A suggests that the preference of the former for cGMP and cUMP and of the latter for cAMP and cCMP is due to stabilized alternative conformations of the side chain amide of Gln453 and Gln413, respectively. This so-called glutamine switch is known to be involved in the regulation of cAMP/cGMP selectivity of some PDEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Scharrenbroich
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Pharmacology, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Volkhard Kaever
- Research Core Unit Metabolomics, Hannover Medical School, Institute of Pharmacology, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Dove
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry II, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Roland Seifert
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Pharmacology, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Erich H Schneider
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Pharmacology, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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14
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Johnstone TB, Smith KH, Koziol-White CJ, Li F, Kazarian AG, Corpuz ML, Shumyatcher M, Ehlert FJ, Himes BE, Panettieri RA, Ostrom RS. PDE8 Is Expressed in Human Airway Smooth Muscle and Selectively Regulates cAMP Signaling by β 2-Adrenergic Receptors and Adenylyl Cyclase 6. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2018; 58:530-541. [PMID: 29262264 PMCID: PMC5894499 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0294oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Two cAMP signaling compartments centered on adenylyl cyclase (AC) exist in human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells, one containing β2-adrenergic receptor AC6 and another containing E prostanoid receptor AC2. We hypothesized that different PDE isozymes selectively regulate cAMP signaling in each compartment. According to RNA-sequencing data, 18 of 24 PDE genes were expressed in primary HASM cells derived from age- and sex-matched donors with and without asthma. PDE8A was the third most abundant of the cAMP-degrading PDE genes, after PDE4A and PDE1A. Knockdown of PDE8A using shRNA evoked twofold greater cAMP responses to 1 μM forskolin in the presence of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine. Overexpression of AC2 did not alter this response, but overexpression of AC6 increased cAMP responses an additional 80%. We examined cAMP dynamics in live HASM cells using a fluorescence sensor. PF-04957325, a PDE8-selective inhibitor, increased basal cAMP concentrations by itself, indicating a significant basal level of cAMP synthesis. In the presence of an AC inhibitor to reduce basal signaling, PF-04957325 accelerated cAMP production and increased the inhibition of cell proliferation induced by isoproterenol, but it had no effect on cAMP concentrations or cell proliferation regulated by prostaglandin E2. Lipid raft fractionation of HASM cells revealed PDE8A immunoreactivity in buoyant fractions containing caveolin-1 and AC5/6 immunoreactivity. Thus, PDE8 is expressed in lipid rafts of HASM cells, where it specifically regulates β2-adrenergic receptor AC6 signaling without effects on signaling by the E prostanoid receptors 2/4-AC2 complex. In airway diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, PDE8 may represent a novel therapeutic target to modulate HASM responsiveness and airway remodeling.
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MESH Headings
- 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases/genetics
- 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases/metabolism
- Adenylyl Cyclases/genetics
- Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism
- Airway Remodeling
- Asthma/enzymology
- Asthma/genetics
- Asthma/pathology
- Asthma/physiopathology
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- Humans
- Membrane Microdomains/enzymology
- Membrane Microdomains/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth/enzymology
- Muscle, Smooth/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth/physiopathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/enzymology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/metabolism
- Respiratory System/enzymology
- Respiratory System/pathology
- Respiratory System/physiopathology
- Second Messenger Systems
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy B. Johnstone
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, California
| | - Kaitlyn H. Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Cynthia J. Koziol-White
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Child Health Institute, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Fengying Li
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Austin G. Kazarian
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, California
| | - Maia L. Corpuz
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, California
| | - Maya Shumyatcher
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Frederick J. Ehlert
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Blanca E. Himes
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Reynold A. Panettieri
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Child Health Institute, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Rennolds S. Ostrom
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, California
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15
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Barić A, Brčić L, Gračan S, Torlak Lovrić V, Gunjača I, Šimunac M, Brekalo M, Boban M, Polašek O, Barbalić M, Zemunik T, Punda A, Boraska Perica V. Association of established hypothyroidism-associated genetic variants with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. J Endocrinol Invest 2017; 40:1061-1067. [PMID: 28382505 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-017-0660-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) as a chronic autoimmune disease of the thyroid gland is the most common cause of hypothyroidism. Since HT and hypothyroidism are closely related, the main aim of this study was to explore the association of established hypothyroidism single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with HT. METHODS The case-control dataset included 200 HT cases and 304 controls. Diagnosis of HT cases was based on clinical examination, measurement of thyroid antibodies (TgAb, TPOAb), hormones (TSH and FT4) and ultrasound examination. We genotyped and analysed 11 known hypothyroidism-associated genetic variants. Case-control association analysis was performed in order to test each SNP for the association with HT using logistic regression model. Additionally, each SNP was tested for the association with thyroid-related quantitative traits (TPOAb levels, TgAb levels and thyroid volume) in HT cases only using linear regression. RESULTS We identified two genetic variants nominally associated with HT rs3184504 in SH2B3 gene (P = 0.0135, OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.57-0.95) and rs4704397 in PDE8B gene (P = 0.0383, OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.01-1.74). The SH2B3 genetic variant also showed nominal association with TPOAb levels (P = 0.0163, β = -0.46) and rs4979402 inside DFNB31 gene was nominally associated with TgAb levels (P = 0.0443, β = 0.41). CONCLUSIONS SH2B3 gene has previously been associated with susceptibility to several autoimmune diseases, whereas PDE8B has been associated with TSH levels and suggested to modulate thyroid physiology that may influence the manifestation of thyroid disease. Identified loci are novel and biologically plausible candidates for HT development and represent good basis for further exploration of HT susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Barić
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Split, Split, Croatia
| | - L Brčić
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - S Gračan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Split, Split, Croatia
| | - V Torlak Lovrić
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Split, Split, Croatia
| | - I Gunjača
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - M Šimunac
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Split, Split, Croatia
| | - M Brekalo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Split, Split, Croatia
| | - M Boban
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - O Polašek
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - M Barbalić
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - T Zemunik
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - A Punda
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Split, Split, Croatia
| | - V Boraska Perica
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia.
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16
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Basole CP, Nguyen RK, Lamothe K, Vang A, Clark R, Baillie GS, Epstein PM, Brocke S. PDE8 controls CD4 + T cell motility through the PDE8A-Raf-1 kinase signaling complex. Cell Signal 2017; 40:62-72. [PMID: 28851628 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The levels of cAMP are regulated by phosphodiesterase enzymes (PDEs), which are targets for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. We have previously shown that PDE8 regulates T cell motility. Here, for the first time, we report that PDE8A exerts part of its control of T cell function through the V-raf-1 murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 (Raf-1) kinase signaling pathway. To examine T cell motility under physiologic conditions, we analyzed T cell interactions with endothelial cells and ligands in flow assays. The highly PDE8-selective enzymatic inhibitor PF-04957325 suppresses adhesion of in vivo myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) activated inflammatory CD4+ T effector (Teff) cells to brain endothelial cells under shear stress. Recently, PDE8A was shown to associate with Raf-1 creating a compartment of low cAMP levels around Raf-1 thereby protecting it from protein kinase A (PKA) mediated inhibitory phosphorylation. To test the function of this complex in Teff cells, we used a cell permeable peptide that selectively disrupts the PDE8A-Raf-1 interaction. The disruptor peptide inhibits the Teff-endothelial cell interaction more potently than the enzymatic inhibitor. Furthermore, the LFA-1/ICAM-1 interaction was identified as a target of disruptor peptide mediated reduction of adhesion, spreading and locomotion of Teff cells under flow. Mechanistically, we observed that disruption of the PDE8A-Raf-1 complex profoundly alters Raf-1 signaling in Teff cells. Collectively, our studies demonstrate that PDE8A inhibition by enzymatic inhibitors or PDE8A-Raf-1 kinase complex disruptors decreases Teff cell adhesion and migration under flow, and represents a novel approach to target T cells in inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katie Lamothe
- Department of Immunology, UConn Health, United States
| | - Amanda Vang
- Department of Immunology, UConn Health, United States; The National Hospital of Faroe Islands, Faroe Islands
| | - Robert Clark
- Department of Immunology, UConn Health, United States
| | - George S Baillie
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Stefan Brocke
- Department of Immunology, UConn Health, United States.
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17
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Cole JB, Manyama M, Kimwaga E, Mathayo J, Larson JR, Liberton DK, Lukowiak K, Ferrara TM, Riccardi SL, Li M, Mio W, Prochazkova M, Williams T, Li H, Jones KL, Klein OD, Santorico SA, Hallgrimsson B, Spritz RA. Genomewide Association Study of African Children Identifies Association of SCHIP1 and PDE8A with Facial Size and Shape. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006174. [PMID: 27560698 PMCID: PMC4999243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The human face is a complex assemblage of highly variable yet clearly heritable anatomic structures that together make each of us unique, distinguishable, and recognizable. Relatively little is known about the genetic underpinnings of normal human facial variation. To address this, we carried out a large genomewide association study and two independent replication studies of Bantu African children and adolescents from Mwanza, Tanzania, a region that is both genetically and environmentally relatively homogeneous. We tested for genetic association of facial shape and size phenotypes derived from 3D imaging and automated landmarking of standard facial morphometric points. SNPs within genes SCHIP1 and PDE8A were associated with measures of facial size in both the GWAS and replication cohorts and passed a stringent genomewide significance threshold adjusted for multiple testing of 34 correlated traits. For both SCHIP1 and PDE8A, we demonstrated clear expression in the developing mouse face by both whole-mount in situ hybridization and RNA-seq, supporting their involvement in facial morphogenesis. Ten additional loci demonstrated suggestive association with various measures of facial shape. Our findings, which differ from those in previous studies of European-derived whites, augment understanding of the genetic basis of normal facial development, and provide insights relevant to both human disease and forensics. The human face is made up of distinct yet related anatomic structures that together make both individuals and families recognizable. It is clear there is a strong genetic component to the human face, and though the genetics of the face have been studied for several years, there are relatively few genes known to impact normal human facial development and facial shape. We report here a large-scale human genetic study in which we successfully identify and replicate genetic markers associated with normal facial variation using advanced 3D facial imaging in African children. We identified two significant replicated genes associated with measures of human facial size, SCHIP1 and PDE8A, demonstrated their clear expression in the developing face in the mouse, and identified 10 additional candidate genetic loci for human facial shape. Gene discovery for human facial development is an important first step for both diagnosing and treating craniofacial syndromes and for developing forensic modeling of the human face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne B. Cole
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Mange Manyama
- Department of Anatomy, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Emmanuel Kimwaga
- Department of Anatomy, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Joshua Mathayo
- Department of Anatomy, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Jacinda R. Larson
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Denise K. Liberton
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Ken Lukowiak
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cummings School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Tracey M. Ferrara
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Sheri L. Riccardi
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Mao Li
- Department of Mathematics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Washington Mio
- Department of Mathematics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Michaela Prochazkova
- Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Orofacial Sciences and Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Trevor Williams
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado School of Dental Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado School of Dental Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Kenneth L. Jones
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Ophir D. Klein
- Department of Orofacial Sciences and Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Stephanie A. Santorico
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Science, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Benedikt Hallgrimsson
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Richard A. Spritz
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Goupil S, Maréchal L, El Hajj H, Tremblay MÈ, Richard FJ, Leclerc P. Identification and Localization of the Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase 10A in Bovine Testis and Mature Spermatozoa. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161035. [PMID: 27548062 PMCID: PMC4993467 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, adenosine 3’, 5’-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) is known to play highly important roles in sperm motility and acrosomal exocytosis. It is known to act through protein phosphorylation via PRKA and through the activation of guanine nucleotide exchange factors like EPAC. Sperm intracellular cAMP levels depend on the activity of adenylyl cyclases, mostly SACY, though transmembrane-containing adenylyl cyclases are also present, and on the activity of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDE) whose role is to degrade cAMP into 5’-AMP. The PDE superfamily is subdivided into 11 families (PDE1 to 11), which act on either cAMP or cGMP, or on both cAMP and cGMP although with different enzymatic properties. PDE10, which is more effective on cAMP than cGMP, has been known for almost 15 years and is mostly studied in the brain where it is associated with neurological disorders. Although a high level of PDE10A gene expression is observed in the testis, information on the identity of the isoforms or on the cell type that express the PDE10 protein is lacking. The objective of this study was to identify the PDE10A isoforms expressed in the testis and germ cells, and to determine the presence and localization of PDE10A in mature spermatozoa. As a sub-objective, since PDE10A transcript variants were reported strictly through analyses of bovine genomic sequence, we also wanted to determine the nucleotide and amino acid sequences by experimental evidence. Using RT-PCR, 5’- and 3’-RACE approaches we clearly show that PDE10A transcript variants X3 and X5 are expressed in bovine testis as well as in primary spermatocytes and spermatids. We also reveal using a combination of immunological techniques and proteomics analytical tools that the PDE10A isoform X4 is present in the area of the developing acrosome of spermatids and of the acrosome of mature spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Goupil
- Département d’obstétrique, gynécologie et reproduction, Université Laval, et Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle (CRDSI), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, G1V 4G2, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Loïze Maréchal
- Département d’obstétrique, gynécologie et reproduction, Université Laval, et Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle (CRDSI), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, G1V 4G2, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Hassan El Hajj
- Département de médecine moléculaire, Université Laval, et Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, G1V 4G2, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Département de médecine moléculaire, Université Laval, et Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, G1V 4G2, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - François J. Richard
- Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, et Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle (CRDSI), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre Leclerc
- Département d’obstétrique, gynécologie et reproduction, Université Laval, et Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle (CRDSI), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, G1V 4G2, Québec, QC, Canada
- * E-mail:
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López-Villamizar I, Cabezas A, Pinto RM, Canales J, Ribeiro JM, Cameselle JC, Costas MJ. The Characterization of Escherichia coli CpdB as a Recombinant Protein Reveals that, besides Having the Expected 3´-Nucleotidase and 2´,3´-Cyclic Mononucleotide Phosphodiesterase Activities, It Is Also Active as Cyclic Dinucleotide Phosphodiesterase. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157308. [PMID: 27294396 PMCID: PMC4905662 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endogenous cyclic diadenylate phosphodiesterase activity was accidentally detected in lysates of Escherichia coli BL21. Since this kind of activity is uncommon in Gram-negative bacteria, its identification was undertaken. After partial purification and analysis by denaturing gel electrophoresis, renatured activity correlated with a protein identified by fingerprinting as CpdB (cpdB gene product), which is annotated as 3´-nucleotidase / 2´,3´-cyclic-mononucleotide phosphodiesterase, and it is synthesized as a precursor protein with a signal sequence removable upon export to the periplasm. It has never been studied as a recombinant protein. The coding sequence of mature CpdB was cloned and expressed as a GST fusion protein. The study of the purified recombinant protein, separated from GST, confirmed CpdB annotation. The assay of catalytic efficiencies (kcat/Km) for a large substrate set revealed novel CpdB features, including very high efficiencies for 3´-AMP and 2´,3´-cyclic mononucleotides, and previously unknown activities on cyclic and linear dinucleotides. The catalytic efficiencies of the latter activities, though low in relative terms when compared to the major ones, are far from negligible. Actually, they are perfectly comparable to those of the ‘average’ enzyme and the known, bona fide cyclic dinucleotide phosphodiesterases. On the other hand, CpdB differs from these enzymes in its extracytoplasmic location and in the absence of EAL, HD and DHH domains. Instead, it contains the domains of the 5´-nucleotidase family pertaining to the metallophosphoesterase superfamily, although CpdB lacks 5´-nucleotidase activity. The possibility that the extracytoplasmic activity of CpdB on cyclic dinucleotides could have physiological meaning is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iralis López-Villamizar
- Grupo de Enzimología, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Alicia Cabezas
- Grupo de Enzimología, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Rosa María Pinto
- Grupo de Enzimología, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - José Canales
- Grupo de Enzimología, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - João Meireles Ribeiro
- Grupo de Enzimología, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - José Carlos Cameselle
- Grupo de Enzimología, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - María Jesús Costas
- Grupo de Enzimología, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Yang SH, Bi XJ, Xie Y, Li C, Zhang SL, Zhang Q, Sun DX. Validation of PDE9A Gene Identified in GWAS Showing Strong Association with Milk Production Traits in Chinese Holstein. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:26530-42. [PMID: 26556348 PMCID: PMC4661835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161125976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase9A (PDE9A) is a cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specific enzyme widely expressed among the tissues, which is important in activating cGMP-dependent signaling pathways. In our previous genome-wide association study, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (BTA-55340-no-rs(b)) located in the intron 14 of PDE9A, was found to be significantly associated with protein yield. In addition, we found that PDE9A was highly expressed in mammary gland by analyzing its mRNA expression in different tissues. The objectives of this study were to identify genetic polymorphisms of PDE9A and to determine the effects of these variants on milk production traits in dairy cattle. DNA sequencing identified 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and six SNPs in 5' regulatory region were genotyped to test for the subsequent association analyses. After Bonferroni correction for multiple testing, all these identified SNPs were statistically significant for one or more milk production traits (p < 0.0001~0.0077). Interestingly, haplotype-based association analysis revealed similar effects on milk production traits (p < 0.01). In follow-up RNA expression analyses, two SNPs (c.-1376 G>A, c.-724 A>G) were involved in the regulation of gene expression. Consequently, our findings provide confirmatory evidences for associations of PDE9A variants with milk production traits and these identified SNPs may serve as genetic markers to accelerate Chinese Holstein breeding program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Hua Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xiao-Jun Bi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yan Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Cong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Sheng-Li Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Qin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Dong-Xiao Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Zhang F, Qi Y, Zhou K, Zhang G, Linask K, Xu H. The cAMP phosphodiesterase Prune localizes to the mitochondrial matrix and promotes mtDNA replication by stabilizing TFAM. EMBO Rep 2015; 16:520-7. [PMID: 25648146 PMCID: PMC4388618 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201439636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Compartmentalized cAMP signaling regulates mitochondrial dynamics, morphology, and oxidative phosphorylation. However, regulators of the mitochondrial cAMP pathway, and its broad impact on organelle function, remain to be explored. Here, we report that Drosophila Prune is a cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase that localizes to the mitochondrial matrix. Knocking down prune in cultured cells reduces mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels. Our data suggest that Prune stabilizes TFAM and promotes mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication through downregulation of mitochondrial cAMP signaling. In addition, our work demonstrates the prevalence of mitochondrial cAMP signaling in metazoan and its new role in mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yun Qi
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kiet Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Guofeng Zhang
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kaari Linask
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hong Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Petersen TS, Kristensen SG, Jeppesen JV, Grøndahl ML, Wissing ML, Macklon KT, Andersen CY. Distribution and function of 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterases in the human ovary. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 403:10-20. [PMID: 25578602 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The concentration of the important second messenger cAMP is regulated by phosphodiesterases (PDEs) and hence an attractive drug target. However, limited human data are available about the PDEs in the ovary. The aim of the present study was to describe and characterise the PDEs in the human ovary. Results were obtained by analysis of mRNA microarray data from follicles and granulosa cells (GCs), combined RT-PCR and enzymatic activity analysis in GCs, immunohistochemical analysis of ovarian sections and by studying the effect of PDE inhibitors on progesterone production from cultured GCs. We found that PDE3, PDE4, PDE7 and PDE8 are the major families present while PDE11A was not detected. PDE8B was differentially expressed during folliculogenesis. In cultured GCs, inhibition of PDE7 and PDE8 increased basal progesterone secretion while PDE4 inhibition increased forskolin-stimulated progesterone secretion. In conclusion, we identified PDE3, PDE4, PDE7 and PDE8 as the major PDEs in the human ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Petersen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children, and Reproduction - Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark; Medical Department, LEO Pharma, Ballerup 2750, Denmark.
| | - S G Kristensen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children, and Reproduction - Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - J V Jeppesen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children, and Reproduction - Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - M L Grøndahl
- The Fertility Clinic, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen University, Herlev 2730, Denmark
| | - M L Wissing
- The Fertility Clinic, Holbæk Sygehus, Holbæk 4300, Denmark
| | - K T Macklon
- The Fertility Clinic, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children, and Reproduction - Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - C Y Andersen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children, and Reproduction - Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
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Yang S, Tao J, Zhang J, Fan J, Qian W, Shu K. Genetic association study of phosphodiesterase 8B gene with subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnant women. Endocr Res 2015; 40:199-203. [PMID: 25822812 DOI: 10.3109/07435800.2015.1015728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore whether phosphodiesterase 8B (PDE8B) gene is involved in the etiology of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in pregnant women. METHODS A total of 180 pregnant patients with SCH and 311 healthy, pregnant control subjects were recruited in this study to detect 4 (rs4704397, rs6885099, rs2046045, and rs12514694 in PDE8B) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Univariate associations were studied using Pearson's χ(2) test for categorical variables and Student t/ANOVA tests for continuous ones. Nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test were used to study the associations of TSH level in different genotypes. Genotyping of SNPs was performed by the MassARRAY(®) iPLEX(®) Gold SNP genotyping analysis technique. The SHEsis program was used to analyze the genotyping data. RESULTS There was a significant difference in the rate of high TSH in three genotypes of rs4704397 in all pregnant women. After adjusting for multiple testing by the program SNPSpD, allelic frequencies of rs4704397 (p = 0.016, OR = 1.692), rs6885099 (p = 0.031, OR = 0.621), and rs2046045 (p = 0.023, OR = 0.602) in PDE8B gene showed significant differences between patients with SCH and control subjects. There were no significant differences of genotype frequencies between patients and controls at any of the analyzed SNPs (p > 0.05).The haplotypes ''A G C G'' (p = 0.002; OR, 1.533; 95% CI, 1.172-2.006) and "G A A G" (p = 0.014; OR, 0.576; 95% CI, 0.369-0.899) in PDE8B were observed to be significantly associated with SCH in pregnant women. CONCLUSION Genetic variation of the PDE8B gene may be involved in the etiology of SCH in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yang
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and
| | - Jun Tao
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and
| | - Junyu Zhang
- b Department of Reproductive Genetics , International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Jianxia Fan
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and
| | - Wei Qian
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and
| | - Khor Shu
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and
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Booiman T, Cobos Jiménez V, van Dort KA, van 't Wout AB, Kootstra NA. Phosphodiesterase 8a supports HIV-1 replication in macrophages at the level of reverse transcription. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109673. [PMID: 25295610 PMCID: PMC4190361 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HIV-1 infected macrophages play a key role in HIV-1 infection. Even during anti-retroviral treatment, macrophages keep producing virus due to suboptimal tissue penetration and reduced efficacy of antiretrovirals. It is therefore of major importance to understand which host factors are involved in HIV-1 replication in macrophages. Previously, we have shown that genetic polymorphisms in phosphodiesterase 8a (PDE8A) are strongly associated with HIV-1 replication in these cells. Here we analyzed the mechanism and regulation of PDE8A in HIV-1 replication in macrophages. RESULTS PDE8A mRNA expression strongly increases upon differentiation of monocytes into macrophages, which corresponds to the increased susceptibility of mature macrophages to HIV-1. In parallel, expression of microRNA miR-145-5p, predicted to target PDE8A mRNA, strongly decreased. The interaction of miR-145-5p with the 3' UTR of PDE8A mRNA could be experimentally validated, suggesting that indeed miR-145-5p can regulate PDE8A expression levels. Knockdown of PDE8A in macrophages resulted in a decrease in total HIV-1 replication and proviral DNA levels. These observations confirm that PDE8A regulates HIV-1 replication in macrophages and that this effect is mediated through early steps in the viral replication cycle. CONCLUSIONS PDE8A is highly expressed in macrophages, and its expression is regulated by miR-145-5p. Our findings strongly suggest that PDE8A supports HIV-1 replication in macrophages and that this effect is mediated at the level of reverse transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thijs Booiman
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Sanquin Research, Landsteiner Laboratory and Center for Infection and Immunity (CINIMA) at the Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Viviana Cobos Jiménez
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Sanquin Research, Landsteiner Laboratory and Center for Infection and Immunity (CINIMA) at the Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karel A. van Dort
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Sanquin Research, Landsteiner Laboratory and Center for Infection and Immunity (CINIMA) at the Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Angélique B. van 't Wout
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Sanquin Research, Landsteiner Laboratory and Center for Infection and Immunity (CINIMA) at the Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Neeltje A. Kootstra
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Sanquin Research, Landsteiner Laboratory and Center for Infection and Immunity (CINIMA) at the Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Jorde R, Schirmer H, Wilsgaard T, Joakimsen RM, Mathiesen EB, Njølstad I, Løchen ML, Figenschau Y, Svartberg J, Hutchinson MS, Kjærgaard M, Jørgensen L, Grimnes G. The phosphodiesterase 8B gene rs4704397 is associated with thyroid function, risk of myocardial infarction, and body height: the Tromsø study. Thyroid 2014; 24:215-22. [PMID: 23941514 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2013.0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High serum thyrotropin (TSH) levels predict cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recently several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with TSH levels have been identified, one of them being the rs4704397 SNP in the phosphodiesterase 8B (PDE8B) gene. If the relation between thyroid function and CVD is causal, one could also expect rs4704397 genotypes to predict CVD and possibly health in general. METHODS DNA was prepared and genotyping performed for rs4704397 in subjects who participated in the fourth survey of the Tromsø Study in 1994-1995 and who were registered with the endpoints myocardial infarction (MI), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), cancer, or death, as well as a randomly selected control group. Similarly, genotyping was performed in subjects who had participated in clinical trials where serum TSH, free T4 (fT4), and free T3 (fT3) were measured. RESULTS From the Tromsø Study, 8938 subjects without thyroid disease or thyroid medication were successfully genotyped for rs4704397. Among these, 2098 were registered with MI, 1025 with T2DM, 2748 with cancer, and 3592 had died. The minor homozygote genotype (A:A) had a median serum TSH level that was 0.29 mIU/L higher than in the major homozygote genotype (G:G). The A:A genotype had a significantly increased risk of MI as compared to the G:G genotype (1.14 [1.00-1.29], hazard ratio [confidence interval], Cox regression with adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index). No significant associations were seen with the other endpoints or CVD risk factors. Furthermore, subjects with the G:G genotype were significantly taller than subjects with the A:A genotype (mean difference 1.5 cm). In 584 subjects with serum TSH, fT4, and fT3 measurements, the subjects with the A:A genotype had significantly higher serum TSH and nonsignificantly lower serum fT3 (mean difference 0.15 pmol/L) levels than subjects with the G:G genotype. CONCLUSION rs4704397 is associated with thyroid function, risk of MI, and body height. However, confirmation in other cohorts is needed before firm conclusions can be drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Jorde
- 1 Tromsø Endocrine Research Group, University of Tromsø , Tromsø, Norway
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Agretti P, De Marco G, Di Cosmo C, Bagattini B, Ferrarini E, Montanelli L, Vitti P, Tonacchera M. Frequency and effect on serum TSH of phosphodiesterase 8B (PDE8B) gene polymorphisms in patients with sporadic nonautoimmune subclinical hypothyroidism. J Endocrinol Invest 2014; 37:189-94. [PMID: 24497218 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-013-0036-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonautoimmune subclinical hypothyroidism (NSH) is characterized by elevated serum TSH in presence of normal thyroid hormone levels and absence of anti-thyroid antibodies. As result of a genomic-wide study, a strong association between three polymorphic variants in intron 1 of human PDE8B gene (rs4704397, rs6885099, rs2046045) and serum TSH has been reported in euthyroid subjects. AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate frequency and effects on serum TSH of PDE8B gene polymorphisms in patients with sporadic NSH and verify if differences in serum TSH levels are associated to these polymorphic variants. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 58 Italian selected patients affected by NSH, with elevated serum TSH, normal FT3 and FT4 and without TSHr gene mutations, were subjected to genotyping for specific single nucleotide polymorphism of PDE8B gene. RESULTS In all patients, the integrity of TSH receptor gene was attested. The ancestral allele associated with increased serum TSH was present in 42/58 patients (72.4 %) for rs4704397, in 42/58 patients (72.4 %) for rs6885099 and in 44/58 patients (75.9 %) for rs2046045. However, similar values of serum TSH were detected in patients with minor or major allele for each polymorphism. CONCLUSIONS A prevalence of the minor allele of PDE8B gene polymorphism associated with elevated serum levels of TSH was demonstrated in patients affected by sporadic NSH; however, significant differences in circulating TSH in patients with minor or major alleles for each polymorphism were not identified demonstrating the lack of association between the polymorphisms and serum TSH levels in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Agretti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università di Pisa, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
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Shpakov AO, Derkach KV. [Soluble forms of adenylyl cyclases of spermatozoa]. Tsitologiia 2014; 56:5-13. [PMID: 25509140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Soluble (cytosolic) forms of adenylyl cyclases (sAC), the enzymes catalyzing the conversion of ATP to the second messenger cAMP, play a key role in the regulation of spermatogenesis, control maturation of spermatozoa in the epididymis and their capacitation in the female genital tract, which determines their ability to fertilize. In the last years the significant progress was made in the study of the structural and functional organization and regulatory properties of sAC, their localization in the spermatozoa as well as in the investigation of intracellular cascades functionally coupled with sAC, including protein kinase A, cAMP-dependent phosphodiesterase, non-receptor tyrosine kinases, tyrosine phosphatases, transcription factors of CREB/CREM-family. The molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of the intracellular concentration of bicarbonate anions, the main endogenous activators of sAC, were deciphered. Many evidences were obtained that the decrease of functional activity of sAC and signaling cascades and effector proteins coupled to it, as well as bicarbonate anion transporters lead to disturbances of spermatogenesis. As a consequence, the development of approaches for controlling the activity of sAC in spermatozoa is one of the priority ways to treat dysfunctions of the male reproductive system. Present review is devoted to advances in the study of soluble forms of AC and functionally coupled to them signaling cascades and effector proteins in the spermatozoa, as well as to the unresolved issues in this area.
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Singleton CK, Xiong Y. Loss of the histidine kinase DhkD results in mobile mounds during development of Dictyostelium discoideum. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75618. [PMID: 24086589 PMCID: PMC3783435 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Histidine kinases are receptors for sensing cellular and environmental signals, and in response to the appropriate cue they initiate phosphorelays that regulate the activity of response regulators. The Dictyostelium discoideum genome encodes 15 histidine kinases that function to regulate several processes during the multicellular developmental program, including the slug to culmination transition, osmoregulation, and spore differentiation. While there are many histidine kinases, there is only a single response regulator, RegA. Not surprisingly given the ubiquitous involvement of cAMP in numerous processes of development in Dictyostelium, RegA is a cAMP phosphodiesterase that is activated upon receiving phosphates through a phosphorelay. Hence, all of the histidine kinases characterized to date regulate developmental processes through modulating cAMP production. Here we investigate the function of the histidine kinase DhkD. Principal Findings The dhkD gene was disrupted, and the resulting cells when developed gave a novel phenotype. Upon aggregation, which occurred without streaming, the mounds were motile, a phenotype termed the pollywog stage. The pollywog phenotype was dependent on a functional RegA. After a period of random migration, the pollywogs attempted to form fingers but mostly generated aberrant structures with no tips. While prestalk and prespore cell differentiation occurred with normal timing, proper patterning did not occur. In contrast, wild type mounds are not motile, and the cAMP chemotactic movement of cells within the mound facilitates proper prestalk and prespore patterning, tip formation, and the vertical elongation of the mound into a finger. Conclusions We postulate that DhkD functions to ensure the proper cAMP distribution within mounds that in turn results in patterning, tip formation and the transition of mounds to fingers. In the absence of DhkD, aberrant cell movements in response to an altered cAMP distribution result in mound migration, a lack of proper patterning, and an inability to generate normal finger morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles K. Singleton
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Yanhua Xiong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
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Wilmot Roussel H, Vezzosi D, Rizk-Rabin M, Barreau O, Ragazzon B, René-Corail F, de Reynies A, Bertherat J, Assié G. Identification of gene expression profiles associated with cortisol secretion in adrenocortical adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98:E1109-21. [PMID: 23539725 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2012-4237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The cortisol secretion of adrenocortical adenomas can be either subtle or overt. The mechanisms leading to the autonomous hypersecretion of cortisol are unknown. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to identify the gene expression profile associated with the autonomous and excessive cortisol secretion of adrenocortical adenomas. PATIENTS AND METHODS The transcriptome of 22 unilateral adrenocortical adenomas (5 nonsecreting, 6 subclinical cortisol producing, 11 cortisol producing) was studied and correlated with cortisol secretion. Phosphodiesterase 8B (PDE8B) expression was measured by Western blot. RESULTS Unsupervised clustering identified 2 groups of adenomas with a difference in secretion level (P = .008). Cluster 1 included only cortisol-producing adenomas (8 of 11), whereas cluster 2 was an admixture of the nonsecreting, the subclinical cortisol-secreting, and 3 of the 11 cortisol-secreting adenomas (Fisher exact, P = .002). This cluster was driven by genes related to cortisol secretion and to extracellular matrix. More than 3000 genes correlated with cortisol secretion. Among the positively correlated were the steroidogenic enzymes, genes involved in cholesterol metabolism, and glutathione S-transferases. Among the negatively correlated genes were genes related to transcripts translation and the transcription factor GATA-6. The PDE8B, which inactivates the protein kinase A pathway, unexpectedly showed the strongest positive correlation with cortisol secretion, confirmed by Western blot. The protein kinase A-activity to cAMP ratio was increased in adenomas with high PDE8B levels, suggesting counterregulation to limit downstream activation of the pathway. CONCLUSION The transcriptome of adrenocortical adenomas reveals a major association with cortisol secretion and identifies specific groups of genes implicated in steroid secretion, suggesting that cAMP signaling alterations might be frequent in cortisol-secreting adenomas.
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Roef GL, Rietzschel ER, De Meyer T, Bekaert S, De Buyzere ML, Kaufman JM, Taes YE. Associations of rs4704397 in phosphodiesterase 8B with thyrotropin and thyroid hormone concentrations. Thyroid 2013; 23:376-7. [PMID: 23272636 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2012.0519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Rothenbuhler A, Horvath A, Libé R, Faucz FR, Fratticci A, Sanson MLR, Vezzosi D, Azevedo M, Levi I, Almeida MQ, Lodish M, Nesterova M, Bertherat J, Stratakis CA. Identification of novel genetic variants in phosphodiesterase 8B (PDE8B), a cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase highly expressed in the adrenal cortex, in a cohort of patients with adrenal tumours. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2012; 77:195-9. [PMID: 22335482 PMCID: PMC3360985 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2012.04366.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic aberrations in various components of cAMP signalling pathway predispose to endocrine tumours. Mutations in the phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are involved in the predisposition to adrenocortical neoplastic conditions. OBJECTIVE To screen for genetic variations in PDE8B among patients with different types of adrenocortical tumours. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS This is a case-control study followed by functional analyses. Two hundred and sixteen unrelated patients with different types of adrenocortical tumours and 192 healthy control individuals participated in the study. METHODS Bidirectional Sanger sequencing, in vitro cell line transfection and in silico modelling are used in this study. RESULTS Nine different PDE8B sequence changes, six novel and three previously reported, were identified in our patients and controls. Two of the variations, seen only in the patient group, showed significant potential to impair protein function, both in vitro and in silico. CONCLUSION PDE8B is another PDE gene in which variations may contribute to predisposition of adrenocortical tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anya Rothenbuhler
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics and Pediatric Endocrinology Training Program, both at the Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Anelia Horvath
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics and Pediatric Endocrinology Training Program, both at the Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Rossella Libé
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 1016, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 8104, Institut Cochin, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cancer, 75014 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, 75006 Paris, France
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Department of Endocrinology, Center for Rare Adrenal Diseases
- INCa Comete Network for Adrenal cancers
| | - Fabio Rueda Faucz
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics and Pediatric Endocrinology Training Program, both at the Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Amato Fratticci
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 1016, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 8104, Institut Cochin, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cancer, 75014 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Marie Laure Raffin Sanson
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 1016, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 8104, Institut Cochin, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cancer, 75014 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, 75006 Paris, France
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Department, Boulogne sur Seine and University of Versaille St Quentin, France
| | - Delphine Vezzosi
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 1016, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 8104, Institut Cochin, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cancer, 75014 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Monalisa Azevedo
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics and Pediatric Endocrinology Training Program, both at the Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Isaak Levi
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics and Pediatric Endocrinology Training Program, both at the Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Madson Q Almeida
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics and Pediatric Endocrinology Training Program, both at the Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Maya Lodish
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics and Pediatric Endocrinology Training Program, both at the Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Maria Nesterova
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics and Pediatric Endocrinology Training Program, both at the Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jérôme Bertherat
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 1016, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 8104, Institut Cochin, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cancer, 75014 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, 75006 Paris, France
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Department of Endocrinology, Center for Rare Adrenal Diseases
- INCa Comete Network for Adrenal cancers
| | - Constantine A Stratakis
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics and Pediatric Endocrinology Training Program, both at the Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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Huang RL, Chang CC, Su PH, Chen YC, Liao YP, Wang HC, Yo YT, Chao TK, Huang HC, Lin CY, Chu TY, Lai HC. Methylomic analysis identifies frequent DNA methylation of zinc finger protein 582 (ZNF582) in cervical neoplasms. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41060. [PMID: 22815913 PMCID: PMC3397950 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite of the trend that the application of DNA methylation as a biomarker for cancer detection is promising, clinically applicable genes are few. Therefore, we looked for novel hypermethylated genes for cervical cancer screening. Methods and Findings At the discovery phase, we analyzed the methylation profiles of human cervical carcinomas and normal cervixes by methylated DNA immunoprecipitation coupled to promoter tiling arrays (MeDIP-on-chip). Methylation-specific PCR (MSP), quantitative MSP and bisulfite sequencing were used to verify the methylation status in cancer tissues and cervical scrapings from patients with different severities. Immunohistochemical staining of a cervical tissue microarray was used to confirm protein expression. We narrowed to three candidate genes: DBC1, PDE8B, and ZNF582; their methylation frequencies in tumors were 93%, 29%, and 100%, respectively. At the pre-validation phase, the methylation frequency of DBC1 and ZNF582 in cervical scraping correlated significantly with disease severity in an independent cohort (n = 330, both P<0.001). For the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3 (CIN3) and worse, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of ZNF582 was 0.82 (95% confidence interval = 0.76–0.87). Conclusions Our study shows ZNF582 is frequently methylated in CIN3 and worse lesions, and it is demonstrated as a potential biomarker for the molecular screening of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Lan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Cancer Stem Cells, National Defense Medical Centre, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chang Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Cancer Stem Cells, National Defense Medical Centre, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsuan Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ping Liao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chen Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Cancer Stem Cells, National Defense Medical Centre, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Te Yo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Cancer Stem Cells, National Defense Medical Centre, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Kuang Chao
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Cheng Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Lin
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tang-Yuan Chu
- Center for Cervical Cancer Prevention, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tzu Chi Medical Center, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Cheng Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Cancer Stem Cells, National Defense Medical Centre, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Stojkov NJ, Janjic MM, Bjelic MM, Mihajlovic AI, Kostic TS, Andric SA. Repeated immobilization stress disturbed steroidogenic machinery and stimulated the expression of cAMP signaling elements and adrenergic receptors in Leydig cells. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2012; 302:E1239-51. [PMID: 22374756 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00554.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of acute (2 h daily) and repeated (2 h daily for 2 or 10 consecutive days) immobilization stress (IMO) on: 1) the steroidogenic machinery homeostasis; 2) cAMP signaling; and the expression of receptors for main markers of 3) adrenergic and 4) glucocorticoid signaling in Leydig cells of adult rats. The results showed that acute IMO inhibited steroidogenic machinery in Leydig cells by downregulation of Scarb1 (scavenger receptor class B), Cyp11a1 (cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme), Cyp17a1 (17α-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase), and Hsd17b3 (17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) expression. In addition to acute IMO effects, repeated IMO increased transcription of Star (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein) and Arr19 (androgen receptor corepressor 19 kDa) in Leydig cells. In the same cells, the transcription of adenylyl cyclases (Adcy7, Adcy9, Adcy10) and cAMP-specific phosphodiesterases (Pde4a, Pde4b, Pde4d, Pde7a, Pde8a) was stimulated, whereas the expression of the genes encoding protein kinase A subunits were unaffected. Ten times repeated IMO increased the levels of all adrenergic receptors and β-adrenergic receptor kinase (Adrbk1) in Leydig cells. The transcription analysis was supported by cAMP/testosterone production. In this signaling scenario, partial recovery of testosterone production in medium/content was detected. The physiological significance of the present results was proven by ex vivo application of epinephrine, which increased cAMP/testosterone production by Leydig cells from control rats in greater fashion than from stressed. IMO did not affect the expression of transcripts for Crhr1/Crhr2 (corticotropin releasing hormone receptors), Acthr (adrenocorticotropin releasing hormone receptor), Gr (glucocorticoid receptor), and Hsd11b1 [hydroxysteroid (11-β) dehydrogenase 1], while all types of IMO stimulated the expression of Hsd11b2, the unidirectional oxidase with high affinity to inactivate glucocorticoids. Thus, presented data provide new molecular/transcriptional base for "fight/adaptation" of Leydig cells and new insights into the role of cAMP, epinephrine, and glucocorticoid signaling in recovery of stress-impaired Leydig cell steroidogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases/genetics
- 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases/metabolism
- Adenylyl Cyclases/genetics
- Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism
- Androgens/blood
- Animals
- Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme/genetics
- Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme/metabolism
- Corticosterone/blood
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- Leydig Cells/physiology
- Luteinizing Hormone/blood
- Male
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, Adrenergic/metabolism
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1/metabolism
- Restraint, Physical
- Scavenger Receptors, Class B/genetics
- Scavenger Receptors, Class B/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/physiology
- Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase/genetics
- Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase/metabolism
- Steroids/blood
- Stress, Physiological/physiology
- Transcription, Genetic/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasa J Stojkov
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Signaling Group, Dept. of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences at Univ. of Novi Sad, Dositeja Obradovica Square 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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Kawabe Y, Weening KE, Marquay-Markiewicz J, Schaap P. Evolution of self-organisation in Dictyostelia by adaptation of a non-selective phosphodiesterase and a matrix component for regulated cAMP degradation. Development 2012; 139:1336-45. [PMID: 22357931 PMCID: PMC3294436 DOI: 10.1242/dev.077099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Dictyostelium discoideum amoebas coordinate aggregation and morphogenesis by secreting cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) pulses that propagate as waves through fields of cells and multicellular structures. To retrace how this mechanism for self-organisation evolved, we studied the origin of the cAMP phosphodiesterase PdsA and its inhibitor PdiA, which are essential for cAMP wave propagation. D. discoideum and other species that use cAMP to aggregate reside in group 4 of the four major groups of Dictyostelia. We found that groups 1-3 express a non-specific, low affinity orthologue of PdsA, which gained cAMP selectivity and increased 200-fold in affinity in group 4. A low affinity group 3 PdsA only partially restored aggregation of a D. discoideum pdsA-null mutant, but was more effective at restoring fruiting body morphogenesis. Deletion of a group 2 PdsA gene resulted in disruption of fruiting body morphogenesis, but left aggregation unaffected. Together, these results show that groups 1-3 use a low affinity PdsA for morphogenesis that is neither suited nor required for aggregation. PdiA belongs to a family of matrix proteins that are present in all Dictyostelia and consist mainly of cysteine-rich repeats. However, in its current form with several extensively modified repeats, PdiA is only present in group 4. PdiA is essential for initiating spiral cAMP waves, which, by organising large territories, generate the large fruiting structures that characterise group 4. We conclude that efficient cAMP-mediated aggregation in group 4 evolved by recruitment and adaptation of a non-selective phosphodiesterase and a matrix component into a system for regulated cAMP degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Kawabe
- College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD15EH, UK
| | | | | | - Pauline Schaap
- College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD15EH, UK
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Zhan M, Zhao SX, Gu ZH, Guo CC, Song ZY, Song HD. [Association analysis of PDE8B gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility to Hyperthyroxinemia in Chinese Han population]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2012; 92:801-805. [PMID: 22781450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the correlations of the polymorphisms of phosphodiesterase 8B (PDE8B) gene with Hyperthyroxinemia in Chinese Han population. METHODS A case-control study of genotype 657366 SNPs was performed by Illumina Human660-Quad BeadChips in 98 Hyperthyroxinemia patients and 1300 controls. And 25 SNPs within PDE8B gene intron 1 were used for association analyses. RESULTS Allele frequencies of 5 SNPS in PDE8B gene intron 1 showed significant differences between the case and control groups (P < 0.05). In comparison with the control group, the genotypic distributions of rs7714529 (χ(2) = 6.430, P = 0.040), rs12514694 (χ(2) = 7.191, P = 0.027) and rs10066802 (χ(2) = 9.213, P = 0.010) in H-TSH group had significant differences. Haplotype AGTAG (rs7702192/rs7714529/rs251421/rs12514694/rs10066802) was over-represented in hyperthyrotropinemia cases versus the control group. CONCLUSION PDE8B gene polymorphisms may be correlated with Hyperthyroxinemia in Chinese Han population. And it may provide new concepts for the treatment of thyroid dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhan
- State Key Lab of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Medical College of Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200025, China
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Grandone A, Perrone L, Cirillo G, Di Sessa A, Corona AM, Amato A, Cresta N, Romano T, Miraglia del Giudice E. Impact of phosphodiesterase 8B gene rs4704397 variation on thyroid homeostasis in childhood obesity. Eur J Endocrinol 2012; 166:255-60. [PMID: 22084153 DOI: 10.1530/eje-11-0703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Several studies demonstrated that obese children have higher TSH than normal-weight children. The polymorphism rs4704397 in the phosphodiesterase 8B (PDE8B) gene showed an association with TSH. OBJECTIVES i) To assess the effect of PDE8B on TSH in obese children; ii) to dissect the role of obesity degree in modulating this association; and iii) to stratify the individual risk to show hyperthyrotropinaemia according to PDE8B genotype. METHODS Eight hundred and sixty-seven Italian obese children were investigated. Clinical data and thyroid hormones were evaluated and the PDE8B rs4704397 was genotyped. RESULTS PDE8B A/A homozygous subjects showed higher TSH (P=0.0005) compared with A/G or G/G. No differences were found for peripheral thyroid hormones. Among A/A children, 22% had hyperthyrotropinaemia, compared with 11.6% of heterozygotes and 10.8% of G/G (P=0.0008). Consistently, A/A had an odds ratio (OR) to show abnormal TSH level of 2.25 (P=0.0004). Body mass index (BMI) appeared correlated with TSH (P=0.0001), but the strength of the effect of PDE8B on TSH was independent of BMI (P=0.1). Children were subdivided into six groups according to obesity degree and genotypes. PDE8B A/A with BMI SDS above 3 had the highest OR (OR 2.6, P=0.0015) to have hyperthyrotropinaemia, whereas G/G with BMI SDS below 3 showed the lowest possibilities (OR 0.3, P=0.005). CONCLUSIONS We have shown: i) in obese children, PDE8B is associated with TSH; ii) the interaction between adiposity and PDE8B on TSH is not synergistic, but follows an additive model; and iii) impact of this association in the stratification of individual risk to have hyperthyrotropinaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Grandone
- Department of Pediatrics F. Fede, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138 Napoli, Italy
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Lim JH, Kim SY, Park SY, Lee SY, Kim MJ, Han YJ, Lee SW, Chung JH, Kim MY, Yang JH, Ryu HM. Non-invasive epigenetic detection of fetal trisomy 21 in first trimester maternal plasma. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27709. [PMID: 22132128 PMCID: PMC3223183 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2011] [Accepted: 10/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Down syndrome (DS) is the most common known aneuploidy, caused by an extra copy of all or part of chromosome 21. Fetal-specific epigenetic markers have been investigated for non-invasive prenatal detection of fetal DS. The phosphodiesterases gene, PDE9A, located on chromosome 21q22.3, is completely methylated in blood (M-PDE9A) and unmethylated in the placenta (U-PDE9A). Therefore, we estimated the accuracy of non-invasive fetal DS detection during the first trimester of pregnancy using this tissue-specific epigenetic characteristic of PDE9A. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A nested, case-control study was conducted using maternal plasma samples collected from 108 pregnant women carrying 18 DS and 90 normal fetuses (each case was matched with 5 controls according to gestational weeks at blood sampling). All pregnancies were singletons at or before 12 weeks of gestation between October 2008 and May 2009. The maternal plasma levels of M-PDE9A and U-PDE9A were measured by quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. M-PDE9A and U-PDE9A levels were obtained in all samples and did not differ between male and female fetuses. M-PDE9A levels did not differ between the DS cases and controls (1854.3 vs 2004.5 copies/mL; P = 0.928). U-PDE9A levels were significantly elevated in women with DS fetuses compared with controls (356.8 vs 194.7 copies/mL, P<0.001). The sensitivities of U-PDE9A level and the unmethylation index of PDE9A for non-invasive fetal DS detection were 77.8% and 83.3%, respectively, with a 5% false-positive rate. In the risk assessment for fetal DS, the adjusted odds ratios of U-PDE9A level and UI were 46.2 [95% confidence interval: 7.8-151.6] and 63.7 [95% confidence interval: 23.2-206.7], respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that U-PDE9A level and the unmethylation index of PDE9A may be useful biomarkers for non-invasive fetal DS detection during the first trimester of pregnancy, regardless of fetal gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyae Lim
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin Young Kim
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Yeon Park
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin Yeong Lee
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - You Jung Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, KwanDong University college of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Si Won Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, KwanDong University college of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Hoon Chung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, KwanDong University college of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon Young Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, KwanDong University college of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hyug Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, KwanDong University college of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Mee Ryu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, KwanDong University college of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Tsai LCL, Beavo JA. The roles of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) in steroidogenesis. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2011; 11:670-5. [PMID: 21962440 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2011.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Revised: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The second messenger, cAMP, is one of the most important regulatory signals for control of steroidogenesis. This review focuses on current knowledge about regulation of cyclic nucleotides by phosphodiesterases (PDEs) in steroidogenic tissues. The first PDE known to directly regulate steroidogenesis was PDE2, the cGMP-stimulated PDE. PDE2 mediates ANP/cGMP-induced decreases in aldosterone production. Recently, the PDE8 family has been shown to control steroidogenesis in two tissues. Specifically, PDE8A regulates testosterone production by itself and in concert with additional IBMX-sensitive PDEs. PDE8B modulates basal corticosterone synthesis via acute and chronic mechanisms. In addition to cAMP-dependent pathways, cGMP signaling also can promote steroidogenesis, and PDE5 modulates this process. Finally, PDE mutations may lead to several human diseases characterized by abnormal steroid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chun Lisa Tsai
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Taylor PN, Panicker V, Sayers A, Shields B, Iqbal A, Bremner AP, Beilby JP, Leedman PJ, Hattersley AT, Vaidya B, Frayling T, Evans J, Tobias JH, Timpson NJ, Walsh JP, Dayan CM. A meta-analysis of the associations between common variation in the PDE8B gene and thyroid hormone parameters, including assessment of longitudinal stability of associations over time and effect of thyroid hormone replacement. Eur J Endocrinol 2011; 164:773-80. [PMID: 21317282 PMCID: PMC3080745 DOI: 10.1530/eje-10-0938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Common variants in PDE8B are associated with TSH but apparently without any effect on thyroid hormone levels that is difficult to explain. Furthermore, the stability of the association has not been examined in longitudinal studies or in patients on levothyroxine (l-T(4)). DESIGN Totally, four cohorts were used (n=2557): the Busselton Health Study (thyroid function measured on two occasions), DEPTH, EFSOCH (selective cohorts), and WATTS (individuals on l-T(4)). METHODS Meta-analysis to clarify associations between the rs4704397 single nucleotide polymorphism in PDE8B on TSH, tri-iodothyronine (T(3)), and T(4) levels. RESULTS Meta-analysis confirmed that genetic variation in PDE8B was associated with TSH (P=1.64 × 10(-10) 0.20 s.d./allele, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.142, 0.267) and identified a possible new association with free T(4) (P=0.023, -0.07 s.d./allele, 95% CI -0.137, -0.01), no association was seen with free T(3) (P=0.218). The association between PDE8B and TSH was similar in 1981 (0.14 s.d./allele, 95% CI 0.04, 0.238) and 1994 (0.20 s.d./allele, 95% CI 0.102, 0.300) and even more consistent between PDE8B and free T(4) in 1981 (-0.068 s.d./allele, 95% CI -0.167, 0.031) and 1994 (-0.07 s.d./allele, 95% CI -0.170, 0.030). No associations were seen between PDE8B and thyroid hormone parameters in individuals on l-T(4). CONCLUSION Common genetic variation in PDE8B is associated with reciprocal changes in TSH and free T(4) levels that are consistent over time and lost in individuals on l-T(4). These findings identify a possible genetic marker reflecting variation in thyroid hormone output that will be of value in epidemiological studies and provides additional evidence that PDE8B is involved in TSH signaling in the thyroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter N Taylor
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neurosciences and EndocrinologyUniversity of BristolBristol, BS1 3NYUK
| | - Vijay Panicker
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neurosciences and EndocrinologyUniversity of BristolBristol, BS1 3NYUK
- School of Medicine and PharmacologyUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawley, Western Australia, 6009Australia
| | - Adrian Sayers
- Academic Rheumatology Avon Orthopaedic CentreSouthmead HospitalBristol, BS10 5NBUK
| | - Beverley Shields
- Peninsula NIHR Clinical Research FacilityPeninsula Medical School, University of ExeterExeter, PL6 8BUUK
| | - Ahmed Iqbal
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neurosciences and EndocrinologyUniversity of BristolBristol, BS1 3NYUK
| | - Alexandra P Bremner
- School of Population HealthUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawley, Western Australia, 6009Australia
| | - John P Beilby
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine, WANedlands, Western Australia, 6009Australia
| | - Peter J Leedman
- School of Medicine and PharmacologyUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawley, Western Australia, 6009Australia
- Laboratory for Cancer MedicineWestern Australian Institute for Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, University of Western AustraliaPerth, Western Australia, 6000Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and DiabetesRoyal Perth HospitalPerth, Western Australia, 6847Australia
| | - Andrew T Hattersley
- Peninsula NIHR Clinical Research FacilityPeninsula Medical School, University of ExeterExeter, PL6 8BUUK
| | - Bijay Vaidya
- Department of EndocrinologyRoyal Devon and Exeter HospitalExeter, EX2 5DWUK
| | - Timothy Frayling
- Peninsula NIHR Clinical Research FacilityPeninsula Medical School, University of ExeterExeter, PL6 8BUUK
| | - Jonathan Evans
- Academic Unit of PsychiatryUniversity of BristolBristol, BS6 6JLUK
| | - Jonathan H Tobias
- Academic Rheumatology Avon Orthopaedic CentreSouthmead HospitalBristol, BS10 5NBUK
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- Department of Social Medicine, MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational EpidemiologyUniversity of BristolBristol, BS8 2BNUK
| | - John P Walsh
- School of Medicine and PharmacologyUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawley, Western Australia, 6009Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and DiabetesSir Charles Gairdner HospitalNedlands, Western Australia, 6009Australia
| | - Colin M Dayan
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neurosciences and EndocrinologyUniversity of BristolBristol, BS1 3NYUK
- Cardiff University School of MedicineCentre for Endocrine and Diabetes ScienceHeath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN WalesUK
- (Correspondence should be addressed to C M Dayan at Cardiff University School of Medicine; )
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Hou J, Xu J, Liu M, Zhao R, Luo HB, Ke H. Structural asymmetry of phosphodiesterase-9, potential protonation of a glutamic acid, and role of the invariant glutamine. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18092. [PMID: 21483814 PMCID: PMC3069055 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PDE9 inhibitors show potential for treatment of diseases such as diabetes. To help with discovery of PDE9 inhibitors, we performed mutagenesis, kinetic, crystallographic, and molecular dynamics analyses on the active site residues of Gln453 and its stabilizing partner Glu406. The crystal structures of the PDE9 Q453E mutant (PDE9Q453E) in complex with inhibitors IBMX and (S)-BAY73-6691 showed asymmetric binding of the inhibitors in two subunits of the PDE9Q453E dimer and also the significant positional change of the M-loop at the active site. The kinetic analysis of the Q453E and E406A mutants suggested that the invariant glutamine is critical for binding of substrates and inhibitors, but is unlikely to play a key role in the differentiation between substrates of cGMP and cAMP. The molecular dynamics simulations suggest that residue Glu406 may be protonated and may thus explain the hydrogen bond distance between two side chain oxygens of Glu453 and Glu406 in the crystal structure of the PDE9Q453E mutant. The information from these studies may be useful for design of PDE9 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hou
- Structural Biology Lab, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Xu
- Structural Biology Lab, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Liu
- Structural Biology Lab, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruizhi Zhao
- Structural Biology Lab, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Bin Luo
- Structural Biology Lab, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail: (HK); (H-BL)
| | - Hengming Ke
- Structural Biology Lab, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail: (HK); (H-BL)
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Abstract
This study has assessed the expression and functional significance of cGMP-dependent signalling components in BRIN-BD11 cells. RT-PCR analysis revealed the expression of two subunits of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) suggesting the presence of an α2/β1 heterodimer. The expression of three particulate guanylate cyclases (pGC) was also detected (GC-A, GC-B and GC-C), as well as two cGMP-selective PDE isoforms (PDE5A and PDE9). Stimulation of BRIN-BD11 cells with agonists selective for sGC (NO, YC-1 and BAY 41-2272), GC-A (atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) or GC-C (guanylin) caused an elevation in cGMP, and in the case of sGC, this was blocked by the selective inhibitor 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo-[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ). The stimulatory effects of each activator on cGMP levels were further potentiated by the PDE5A inhibitor, zaprinast. Treatment of cells with sGC activators induced a loss of viability and increased insulin secretion. However these effects were not attenuated by ODQ suggesting that they were independent of a rise in cGMP. A modest increase in β-cell death and insulin secretion were also observed in guanylin and ANP treated cells, although the latter only reduced cell viability in the presence of a PDE5A inhibitor. Taken together, the data reveal that BRIN-BD11 cells express several functionally active enzymes capable of modulating cGMP levels, and they imply that signalling through these proteins may impact upon β-cell viability. The results further suggest that pGC isozymes can also regulate insulin secretion but that the pool of cGMP controlling insulin release is small relative to the global cGMP concentration in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Russell
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Devon, UK
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Fuchs EL, Brutinel ED, Klem ER, Fehr AR, Yahr TL, Wolfgang MC. In vitro and in vivo characterization of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa cyclic AMP (cAMP) phosphodiesterase CpdA, required for cAMP homeostasis and virulence factor regulation. J Bacteriol 2010; 192:2779-90. [PMID: 20348254 PMCID: PMC2876501 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00168-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Accepted: 03/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic AMP (cAMP) is an important second messenger signaling molecule that controls a wide variety of eukaryotic and prokaryotic responses to extracellular cues. For cAMP-dependent signaling pathways to be effective, the intracellular cAMP concentration is tightly controlled at the level of synthesis and degradation. In the opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, cAMP is a key regulator of virulence gene expression. To better understand the role of cAMP homeostasis in this organism, we identified and characterized the enzyme CpdA, a putative cAMP phosphodiesterase. We demonstrate that CpdA possesses 3',5'-cAMP phosphodiesterase activity in vitro and that it utilizes an iron-dependent catalytic mechanism. Deletion of cpdA results in the accumulation of intracellular cAMP and altered regulation of P. aeruginosa virulence traits. Further, we demonstrate that the cAMP-dependent transcription factor Vfr directly regulates cpdA expression in response to intracellular cAMP accumulation, thus providing a feedback mechanism for controlling cAMP levels and fine-tuning virulence factor expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L. Fuchs
- Cystic Fibrosis/Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Evan D. Brutinel
- Cystic Fibrosis/Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Erich R. Klem
- Cystic Fibrosis/Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Anthony R. Fehr
- Cystic Fibrosis/Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Timothy L. Yahr
- Cystic Fibrosis/Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Matthew C. Wolfgang
- Cystic Fibrosis/Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
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Fatemi SH, Folsom TD, Reutiman TJ, Vazquez G. Phosphodiesterase signaling system is disrupted in the cerebella of subjects with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression. Schizophr Res 2010; 119:266-7. [PMID: 20299190 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2010.02.1055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2009] [Revised: 02/10/2010] [Accepted: 02/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Horvath A, Faucz F, Finkielstain GP, Nikita ME, Rothenbuhler A, Almeida M, Mericq V, Stratakis CA. Haplotype analysis of the promoter region of phosphodiesterase type 8B (PDE8B) in correlation with inactivating PDE8B mutation and the serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. Thyroid 2010; 20:363-7. [PMID: 20373981 PMCID: PMC2867554 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2009.0260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human phosphodiesterase (PDE) type 8B (PDE8B) is located at 5q14.1 and is known as the PDE with the highest affinity to cAMP. We recently described a family with bilateral micronodular adrenocortical disease that was apparently caused by an inactivating PDE8B mutation (H305P). As a result of a genome-wide study, a strong association between six polymorphic variants in the PDE8B promoter and serum levels of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) has been recently reported. Despite an extended analysis of the regions surrounding 5q14.1, no other potential genetic variants that could be responsible for the associated TSH levels were found. METHODS In this study, we genotyped by polymerase chain reaction the described six polymorphic variants in the PDE8B promoter in the family with micronodular adrenocortical disease and inactivating PDE8B mutation and analyzed their correlation with individual TSH values in the family members. RESULTS We observed complete segregation between the reported association and individual TSH values in the family we studied. Haplotype analysis showed that the haplotype associated with the high TSH levels is different from the one that segregated with H305P, suggesting that the mutation most probably has arisen on an allele independent of the high TSH-associated allele. CONCLUSIONS The proposed mechanism by which PDE8B may influence TSH levels is through control of cAMP signaling. Our analysis revealed separate segregation of an inactivating PDE8B allele from the high-TSH-allele and showed low TSH levels in persons who carry an inactivating PDE8B allele. These data suggest that, indeed, PDE8B may be involved in regulation of TSH levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anelia Horvath
- Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Section of Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Fabio Faucz
- Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Section of Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Center for Healthy and Biological Science, Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Gabriela P. Finkielstain
- Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Section of Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Maria Eleni Nikita
- Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Section of Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anya Rothenbuhler
- Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Section of Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Madson Almeida
- Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Section of Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Veronica Mericq
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Maternal and Child Research, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Constantine A. Stratakis
- Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Section of Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Cheng Y, Sun B. Polyphosphate kinase affects oxidative stress response by modulating cAMP receptor protein and rpoS expression in Salmonella typhimurium. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 19:1527-1535. [PMID: 20075614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Polyphosphate (polyP) plays diverse physiological functions in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, but most of their detailed mechanisms are still obscure. Here, we show that deletion of polyphosphate kinase (PPK), the principal enzyme responsible for synthesis of polyP, resulted in augmented expression of cAMP receptor protein (CRP) and rpoS and lowered H2O2 sensitivity in Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC14028. The binding of cAMP-CRP complex to rpoS promoter and further stimulation of its transcription were proved through electrophoretic mobility shift assay, lacZ fusion, and exogenous cAMP addition, respectively. The rpoS expression increased in cpdA (cAMP phosphodiesterase coding gene) mutant, further suggesting that cAMP-CRP upregulated rpoS expression. These results demonstrate that PPK affects oxidative stress response by modulating crp and rpoS expression in S. Typhimurium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Cheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Bhattacharya A, Biswas A, Das PK. Role of a differentially expressed cAMP phosphodiesterase in regulating the induction of resistance against oxidative damage in Leishmania donovani. Free Radic Biol Med 2009; 47:1494-506. [PMID: 19733234 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2009] [Revised: 06/04/2009] [Accepted: 08/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Differentiation-coupled induction of resistance of Leishmania parasites to macrophage oxidative damage was shown to be associated with an increased cAMP response. This study explores the significance of the cAMP response in the parasite by identifying a differentially expressed cAMP phosphodiesterase (LdPDEA) and deciphering its role in regulating antioxidant machineries in the parasite. LdPDEA, a high K(M) class I cytosolic cAMP phosphodiesterase, was expressed maximally in log-phase promastigotes, but was significantly reduced in stationary-phase promastigotes and amastigotes. Chemical inhibition or silencing of PDEA conferred enhanced resistance to pro-oxidants in these cells and this led to studies on trypanothione biosynthesis and utilization, as trypanothione is one of the major modulators of antioxidant defense in kinetoplastidae. Despite enhanced arginase and ornithine decarboxylase activity, trypanothione biosynthesis seemed to be unaffected by PDEA blockage, whereas significant elevations in the expression of tryparedoxin peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, and tryparedoxin were detected, suggesting a definite shift of trypanothione-pool utilization bias toward antioxidant defense. Moreover, parasites that overexpressed PDEA showed reduced resistance to oxidative damage and reduced infectivity toward activated macrophages. This study reveals the significance of a cAMP phosphodiesterase in the infectivity of Leishmania parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Bhattacharya
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
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Shields BM, Freathy RM, Knight BA, Hill A, Weedon MN, Frayling TM, Hattersley AT, Vaidya B. Phosphodiesterase 8B gene polymorphism is associated with subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94:4608-12. [PMID: 19820008 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2009-1298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with a number of adverse outcomes in pregnancy. The Endocrine Society's recent consensus guidelines have recommended treatment with T(4) for this condition in pregnancy. The single nucleotide polymorphism rs4704397 in the phosphodiesterase 8B (PDE8B) gene has been found to be associated with altered serum TSH concentrations in the general population. We aimed to assess whether genetic variation in TSH due to the rs4704397 genotype affects the number of individuals classified as having subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy. METHODS Serum TSH, FT4, FT3, and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAbs) were measured in 970 pregnant women at 28 wk gestation. rs4704397 genotype was available on 877 subjects. Reference range calculations were based on the TPOAb-negative women. RESULTS TSH, but not FT4, FT3, or TPOAbs, varied with genotype and was highest in those with the AA genotype (median, 2.16, 1.84, and 1.73 mIU/liter for AA, AG, and GG genotypes, respectively; P = 0.0004). A greater proportion of women with the AA genotype had TSH concentrations above 4.21 mIU/liter, the upper limit of the reference range, compared with the AG and GG genotypes (9.6 vs. 3.5%, respectively; P = 0.004). Maternal PDE8B genotype was not associated with offspring birthweight or gestational age at delivery. CONCLUSION Genetic variation in TSH levels in pregnancy associated with the PDE8B rs4704397 genotype has implications for the number of women treated for subclinical hypothyroidism under current guidelines. Consideration should be made to individualization of normal ranges, potential effects on pregnancy outcome, and intention to treat for subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverley M Shields
- Peninsula National Institute for Health Research Clinical Research Facility, Peninsula Medical School, Exeter University, Exeter EX2 5DW, United Kingdom
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Huang MQ, Zhang JG, Long YS. Identification of Novel Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase Gene cDNAs in the Cochlea of Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) Through Conserved Homologous Sequences. Mol Biotechnol 2009; 44:66-70. [PMID: 19707892 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-009-9209-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2009] [Accepted: 08/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Qi Huang
- Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical College, 250 Chang-gang-dong Road, 510260, Guangzhou, China
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Bimpaki EI, Nesterova M, Stratakis CA. Abnormalities of cAMP signaling are present in adrenocortical lesions associated with ACTH-independent Cushing syndrome despite the absence of mutations in known genes. Eur J Endocrinol 2009; 161:153-61. [PMID: 19429701 PMCID: PMC3136809 DOI: 10.1530/eje-09-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Bilateral adrenal hyperplasias (BAHs) may be caused by mutations of genes that code for molecules that participate in cAMP signaling. Little is known about cAMP signaling in adrenal lesions associated with ACTH-independent Cushing syndrome (AICS) that do not harbor mutations in known genes. OBJECTIVE We assessed the cAMP-signaling pathway by enzymatic and molecular studies. DESIGN Samples from 27 patients (ages 5-60 years) were studied and compared with normal adrenocortical tissue (n=4) and aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA, n=5). All samples were sequenced for GNAS, PRKAR1A, PDE11A, and PDE8B sequencing defects. cAMP levels and binding, protein kinase A, and phosphodiesterase (PDE) activities were assayed. Immunohistochemistry was used for certain studies and the phosphorylation status of CREB was studied. PATIENTS A total of 36 samples from patients were used. RESULTS Cortisol-producing adenomas (CPAs) and other lesions that were GNAS, PRKAR1A, PDE11A, and PDE8B gene mutation-negative were compared with PRKAR1A mutation-positive lesions, normal tissue, and APAs; abnormalities of the cAMP-signaling pathway were found in both BAHs and CPAs. Interestingly, mutation-negative CPAs had significantly decreased PDE activity. CONCLUSION Lesions of the adrenal associated with AICS, independently of their GNAS, PRKAR1A, PDE11A, and PDE8B mutation status, have functional abnormalities of cAMP signaling. It is probable that epigenetic events or additional defects of genes involved in this pathway are responsible for this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini I Bimpaki
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Building 10, CRC (East Laboratories), Room 1-3330, 10 Center Drive, MSC1103, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Abstract
Effects of thyroid hormones in individual tissues are determined by many factors beyond their serum levels, including local deiodination and expression and activity of thyroid hormone transporters. These effects are difficult to examine by traditional techniques, but a novel approach that exploits the existence of common genetic variants has yielded new and surprising insights. Convincing evidence indicates a role of type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase (D1) in determining the serum T(4):T(3) ratio and a role of phosphodiesterase 8B in determining TSH levels. In addition, studies of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase (D2) variants have shown that thyroid hormones contribute to osteoarthritis and these variants influence Intelligence quotient alterations associated with iodine deficiency. Preliminary evidence suggests associations between TSH-receptor variants and fasting glucose level, D1 variants and insulin-like growth factor I production, and D2 variants and hypertension, psychological well-being and response to T(3) or T(4) treatment. Intriguingly, most of these associations are independent of serum thyroid hormone levels, which highlights the importance of local regulation of thyroid hormones in tissues. Future research might reveal novel roles for thyroid hormones in obesity, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis and depression and could have implications for interpretation of thyroid function tests and individualization of thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin M Dayan
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neurosciences and Endocrinology, University of Bristol, Whitson Street, Bristol, UK.
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