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ALLEN RC, POPP RA, MOORE DJ. SEPARATION AND RELATIVE QUANTITATION OF MOUSE PLASMA ESTERASES WITH DISC ELECTROPHORESIS. J Histochem Cytochem 2016; 13:249-54. [PMID: 14336186 DOI: 10.1177/13.4.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A technique for the qualitative and quantitative study of mouse plasma esterases using disc electrophoresis in acrylamide gel is described. This technique has been employed to study substrate specificity and quantitative relationships among various mouse strain and sex dependent esterases. Properties of acrylamide gels are discussed relative to their effect on the quantitative estimation of plasma esterases.
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Alt JM, Deerberg F, Hackbarth HJ, Stolte H. The study of urinary protein excretion in male rats as compared with human proteinuria. Contrib Nephrol 2015; 19:79-87. [PMID: 7379548 DOI: 10.1159/000428764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Male rats are widely used for comparative investigations in renal physiology and pathology. However, they demonstrate a striking physiological proteinuria which must be considered if protein excretion is one parameter in the description of a model. Electrophoretic differentiation of urinary proteins shows that the major portion of male urinary protein consists of low molecular weight proteins which are strain-, sex- and age-dependent. The excretion of these proteins depends mainly on sex hormones and only to a lesser degree on kidney function. The excretion of albumin is a sensitive indicator to detect glomerular permeability changes, mainly because the tubular transport maximum is restricted and because the concentration difference between glomerular ultrafiltrate and plasma is very large, so that a small increase in permeability may cause a greatly elevated albumin excretion. Therefore, selective determination of albumin, e.g., by electrophoretic separation, is indispensable to estimate the renal permeability. Complicating the evaluation of experimental results, spontaneous kidney disease (progressive glomerulonephritis or glomerulosclerosis) develops in aging rats. Therefore, long-term studies in rats should be avoided because this spontaneous kidney disease with concomitant changes in protein excretion might interfere with experimental results.
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Heene DL, Matthias FR. Detection of thrombin-induced fibrinogen derivatives in thrombotic states. Bibl Haematol 2015; 44:161-8. [PMID: 617780 DOI: 10.1159/000402168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Affinity chromatographic studies using insolubilized fibrinogen (fibrinogen-agarose) revealed that fibrin monomer present in plasma is selectively adsorbed to fibrinogen-agarose and may be quantitatively estimated following desorption. Analysis of plasma samples from patients with myocardial infarction, cirrhosis of the liver malignant diseases and DIC confirmed the presence of considerable amounts of fibrin monomer revealing concentrations between 3 and 15 mg/100 m1 plasma as compared to normal plasma (1.96 +/- 0.37 mg/100 m1, = 27). The method is suitable for the assessment of hypercoagulable states. Standard conditions for the procedure were evaluated using 3H-labelled fibrinogen and fibrin monomer.
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Georgiev GH. A study of bovine acrosomal proteins. Zentralbl Veterinarmed A 2010; 27:824-8. [PMID: 6784413 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.1980.tb02037.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Nilsson U. Separation and partial purification of the sixth, seventh and eighth components of human haemolytic complement. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 2009; 70:469-80. [PMID: 6083390 DOI: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1967.tb01315.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Haukenes G, Aasen J. Rubella haemagglutination inhibitors: their separation from antibodies. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B Microbiol Immunol 2009; 79:679-85. [PMID: 5286216 DOI: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1971.tb00096.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Dahle HK, Sandvik O. Comparative electrophoretic and serological analyses of Vibrio comma and Aeromonas liquefaciens proteinases. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B Microbiol Immunol 2009; 79:686-90. [PMID: 4999791 DOI: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1971.tb00097.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Bennedsen J. Surface immunogens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis demonstrated by immunofluorescence. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B Microbiol Immunol 2009; 78:701-10. [PMID: 4994087 DOI: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1970.tb04360.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Garoff H, Simons K, Ehnholm C, Berg K. Demonstration by disc electrophoresis of the lipoprotein carrying the Lp(a) antigen in human sera. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B Microbiol Immunol 2009; 78:253-4. [PMID: 5275079 DOI: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1970.tb04295.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Gahmberg CG, Simons K. Characterization of the acid phosphatase activity in the plasma membrane fraction from baby hamster kidney cells (BHK21). Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B Microbiol Immunol 2009; 78:451-8. [PMID: 5274410 DOI: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1970.tb04327.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Hofstad T, Selvig KA. A polysaccharide antigen of an anaerobic oral filamentous microorganism (Eubacterium saburreum) containing heptose and O-acetyl as main constituents. 2. Physical properties and location in the bacterial cell. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B Microbiol Immunol 2009; 80:129-34. [PMID: 4502346 DOI: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1972.tb00139.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Knudsen FU, Gormsen J. Subbands of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in human thrombocytes. Scand J Haematol 2009; 7:100-3. [PMID: 5450685 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.1970.tb01875.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Marder VJ. Identification and purification of fibrinogen degradation products produced by plasmin: considerations on the structure of fibrinogen. Scand J Haematol Suppl 2009; 13:21-36. [PMID: 4258202 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.1971.tb01981.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Latallo ZS, Dudek GA, Kloczewiak M. A possible relation between the location of D and E fragments and of the N-terminal disulphide knots in fibrinogen molecule. Scand J Haematol Suppl 2009; 13:37-41. [PMID: 4258205 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.1971.tb01982.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Olsson I, Venge P. Cationic proteins of human granulocytes. I. Isolation of the cationic proteins from the granules of leukaemic myeloid cells. Scand J Haematol 2009; 9:204-14. [PMID: 4626629 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.1972.tb00932.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Abstract
Pig serum proteins were analysed by horizontal polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, with a discontinuous buffer system (pH 9.0). A 12% acrylamide concentration in the separation gel was used. Each of the two paralbumin (Pa) alleles gave rise to two closely migrating fractions. The polymorphic Pa was identified as an alpha1-protease inhibitor as the Pa fractions inhibited the esterolytic activity of both bovine trypsin and chymotrypsin. Therefore, it has been proposed that the locus symbol for this prealbumin be changed to Pi-1. The protease inhibitory spectra and electrophoretic mobility of the Pa (Pi-1) fractions suggested that this protein was probably the same as the pig serum alpha1-protease inhibitor described in some earlier studies and that it corresponds to human serum alpha 1-protease inhibitor (Pi).
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Zakin MM, Poskus E, Langton AA, Ferrara P, Santomé JA, Dellacha JM, Paladini AC. Primary structure of equine growth hormone. Int J Pept Protein Res 2009; 8:435-44. [PMID: 965151 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1976.tb02523.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Manjula BN, Acharya AS, Vithayathil PJ. Deamidated active intermediates in the irreversible acid denaturation of ribonuclease-A. Int J Pept Protein Res 2009; 8:275-82. [PMID: 6396 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1976.tb02504.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A study has been made on the changes in the enzymatic activity of Ribonuclease-A**-(RNase-A) exposed to highly acidic (pH less than 1) acqueous environment. Irreversible alterations of activity were observed when the protein was exposed to an acidic medium for a long period (20 to 60 h). Even prior to these changes in activity RNase-A was found to form intermediates which had very nearly the same activity as the native protein. The primary process in the acid denaturation of RNase-A was observed to be deamidation of the protein leading to the formation of active chromotographically distinct derivatives. The initial product of deamidation, a monodeamidated derivative, has been isolated by chromatography on Amberlite XE-64. This initial deamidation reaction proceeded with very high specificity. The subsequent deamidation reaction is comparatively slower, so that nearly 50% of the native protein could be converted to this derivative before any subsequent deamidation took place. This monodeamidated derivative has been designated RNase-Aa1. The conversion of RNase-A to RNase-Aa1 was not accompanied by any changes in the primary structure other than the observed deamidation. Apart from the differences in chromatographic and electrophoretic mobilities, RNase-Aa1 was found to have very nearly the same activity and physicochemical properties as the native enzyme. Significance of this specific and faster deamidation of RNase-A in this denaturing medium as well as the biological significance of such deamidation reactions of proteins are discussed.
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Abstract
The esterification of Ribonuclease-A in methanol/0.1 M hydrochloric acid has been studied by measuring the decrease in the number of titratable groups of the protein and estimating the amount of methanol incorporated. Esterification of nearly five of the 11 free carboxyl groups of the protein resulted in almost complete inactivation of the enzyme. The initial products of esterification have been chromatographed on Amberlite columns, and five partially active methyl ester derivatives of Ribonuclease-A have been isolated. The dimethyl ester, the initial product of esterification with reduced catalytic activity, has the carboxyl groups of Glu-49 and Asp-53 modified. Even in the non-aqueous solvent, as in the native structure of the protein in aqueous solution, these carboxyl groups are the fast reacting ones. Subsquently, the esterification reaction appears to proceed preferentially at the C-terminal region of the molecule. Comparison of the reactivities of carboxyl groups of Ribonuclease-A in acidic methanol to that known in aqueous solutions (with carbodiimides) suggests that the structure of Ribonuclease-A in the non-aqueous solvent resembles, at least in part, the structure in aqueous environment.
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Wickramasinghe RH. Adrenodoxin reductase, the flavoprotein component of adrenal mitochondrial steroid hydroxylases. I. Purification and certain characteristics. Int J Pept Protein Res 2009; 6:187-93. [PMID: 4153269 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1974.tb02378.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Markussen J, Heding LG. Separation of the two double-chain bovine intermediates of the proinsulin-insulin conversion I. Chemical, immunochemical, circular dichroism, and biological characterization. Int J Pept Protein Res 2009; 8:597-606. [PMID: 992943 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1976.tb02540.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The intermediates of the proinsulin-insulin conversion were separated by cation exchange. The circular dichroism spectra of the intermediates showed less alpha-helix than insulin and proinsulin. It is suggested that the C-peptide interacts with the section of alpha-helix contained between residues 2 and 8 in the A-chain of the insulin moieties and unwinds the alpha-helix. The in vivo activities of the intermediates were found to be in the order of 50% relative to insulin. In the fat cell assay, the A-chain-substituted form is weaker (9%) than the B-chain-substituted form (19%). The C-peptide segments of the two forms reacted with C-peptide-specific antibodies as fully as the free C-peptide, on a molar basis. In contrast, the insulin segments were hindered from reacting with insulin-specific antibodies as fully as the insulin.
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Brackenridge CJ, Bachelard HS. The extraction and some properties of membrane-bound proteins from ox cerebral cortex microsomes. Int J Protein Res 2009; 1:157-68. [PMID: 4329931 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1969.tb01638.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Summers DF, Roumiantzeff M, Maizel JV. The translation and processing of poliovirus proteins. In: strategy of the viral genome. Ciba Found Symp 2008:111-40. [PMID: 4337201 DOI: 10.1002/9780470719824.ch7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Cooper PD, Geissler E, Scotti PD, Tannock GA. Further characterization of the genetic map of poliovirus temperature-sensitive mutants. In: strategy of the viral genome. Ciba Found Symp 2008:75-100. [PMID: 4337209 DOI: 10.1002/9780470719824.ch5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Baltimore D, Huang A, Manly KF, Rekosh D, Stampfer M. The synthesis of protein by mammalian RNA viruses. In: strategy of the viral genome. Ciba Found Symp 2008:101-10. [PMID: 4337200 DOI: 10.1002/9780470719824.ch6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Torsvik H. Studies on the protein moiety of serum high density lipoprotein from patients with familial lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency. Clin Genet 2008; 3:188-200. [PMID: 4341063 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1972.tb01458.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Viscarello BR, Stein RL, Kusner EJ, Holsclaw D, Krell RD. Purification of Human Leukocyte Elastase and Cathepsin G by Chromatography on Immobilized Elastin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 13:57-67. [PMID: 6552675 DOI: 10.1080/00327488308068735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Human leukocyte elastase and cathepsin G were isolated from purulent sputum by a simple procedure involving chromatography on elastin-agarose. Salt extracts of sputum were prepared, treated with DNase, and the precipitate which formed extracted and applied to a column of soluble elastin-Sepharose 4B. Contaminating protein was eluted with 50 mM Tris, 50 mM NaCl, pH 8.0 and then two column volumes of 50 mM acetate, 1.0 M NaCl, pH 5.0. The tightly bound elastase and cathepsin G together with a trypsin-like serine protease could finally be eluted with 50 mM acetate, 1.0 M NaCl, 20% DMSO, pH 5.0. Resolution of the proteases was accomplished by cation-exchange chromatography. Disc gel electrophoresis established the purity of elastase and cathepsin G and confirmed the existence of several isozymes for each.
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Angeletti PU, Levi-Montalcini R, Calissano P. The nerve growth factor (NGF): chemical properties and metabolic effects. Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol 2006; 31:51-75. [PMID: 4880217 DOI: 10.1002/9780470122761.ch2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Kuz'min EV, Kuz'mina OI. [Population analysis of electrophoretic variation in blood serum albumins of European (Acipencer ruthensis L.) and Siberian (A. ruthensis marsiglii Brandt) sterlet]. Genetika 2005; 41:246-253. [PMID: 15810614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We studied blood serum albumins in European (Acipencer ruthensis L.) and Siberian (A. ruthensis marsiglii Brandt) sterlet using disk electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel. The albumins were shown to be controlled by three codominant alleles of a single locus (ALB*a, b, c). In European sterlet, all three theoretically possible genotypes were described, one of which (ALB*c/c) occurred extremely rarely (one individual). Siberian sterlet was found to be monomorphic for albumins: all fish examined had the ALB*a/a genotype. There was no correlation between albumin patterns and fish fatness. In a number of samples from the Volga River basin, spatial and temporal differentiation was found and analyzed. The results suggest that construction of hydroelectric plants may provoke massive and prolonged starlet migrations.
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Nakajima K, Minematsu M. Enzymatic studies of riboflavin oversynthesis in Eremothecium ashbyii. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2004; 50:155-60. [PMID: 15386926 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.50.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms of riboflavin oversynthesis in a high flavinogenic mold, Eremothecium ashbyii, were examined in relation to growth, riboflavin formation and related synthases, and medium pH with increasing culture periods. Growth reached maximum at 1 d and then decreased, riboflavin formation proceeded rapidly up to 5 d and approached almost a plateau region. The medium pH reached minimum at 1 d and thereafter fairly rapidly increased until 3 d, then gradually increased to 7 d after cultivation. The crude enzyme solution from the mycelia at specified culture periods was run through a column of Sephadex G-200, indicating two riboflavin synthase activities on the chromatogram. The fluctuation of the growth and the specific activities of the two enzymes were examined with increasing culture periods, which showed that the heavy enzyme may be a constitutive one and that the light enzyme may be concerned with the oversynthesis of riboflavin in E. ashbyii. The heavy enzyme was then purified by 49-fold after dialysis of the ammonium sulfate precipitate by a series of column chromatographies with Sephadex G-200, hydroxyapatite, DEAE-Sepharose A-50 and DEAE-cellulose. The purified enzyme which was treated with weak alkaline solution was broken into the light enzyme, showing two bands on an acrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. The relation of the heavy and the light enzymes to the oversynthesis of riboflavin in E. ashbyii was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Nakajima
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Nutrition, Koshien University, 10-1 Momijigaoka, Takarazuka, Hyogo 666-0006, Japan.
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