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Xiong G, Chen Z, Liu Q, Peng F, Zhang C, Cheng M, Ling R, Chen S, Liang Y, Chen D, Zhou Q. CD276 regulates the immune escape of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through CXCL1-CXCR2 induced NETs. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008662. [PMID: 38724465 PMCID: PMC11086492 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD276 (B7-H3), a pivotal immune checkpoint, facilitates tumorigenicity, invasiveness, and metastasis by escaping immune surveillance in a variety of tumors; however, the underlying mechanisms facilitating immune escape in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain enigmatic. METHODS We investigated the expression of CD276 in ESCC tissues from patients by using immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays. In vivo, we established a 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO)-induced CD276 knockout (CD276wKO) and K14cre; CD276 conditional knockout (CD276cKO) mouse model of ESCC to study the functional role of CD276 in ESCC. Furthermore, we used the 4NQO-induced mouse model to evaluate the effects of anti-CXCL1 antibodies, anti-Ly6G antibodies, anti-NK1.1 antibodies, and GSK484 inhibitors on tumor growth. Moreover, IHC, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence techniques were employed to measure immune cell proportions in ESCC. In addition, we conducted single-cell RNA sequencing analysis to examine the alterations in tumor microenvironment following CD276 depletion. RESULTS In this study, we elucidate that CD276 is markedly upregulated in ESCC, correlating with poor prognosis. In vivo, our results indicate that depletion of CD276 inhibits tumorigenesis and progression of ESCC. Furthermore, conditional knockout of CD276 in epithelial cells engenders a significant downregulation of CXCL1, consequently reducing the formation of neutrophil extracellular trap networks (NETs) via the CXCL1-CXCR2 signaling axis, while simultaneously augmenting natural killer (NK) cells. In addition, overexpression of CD276 promotes tumorigenesis via increasing NETs' formation and reducing NK cells in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This study successfully elucidates the functional role of CD276 in ESCC. Our comprehensive analysis uncovers the significant role of CD276 in modulating immune surveillance mechanisms in ESCC, thereby suggesting that targeting CD276 might serve as a potential therapeutic approach for ESCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Xiong
- Center for Translational Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Center for Translational Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianwen Liu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Peng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Caihua Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Maosheng Cheng
- Center for Translational Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongsong Ling
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Center for Translational Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Liang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Demeng Chen
- Center for Translational Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qimin Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Xue Z, Nuerrula Y, Sitiwaerdi Y, Eli M. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 promotes radioresistance by regulating glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit and its unique immunoinvasive pattern. Biomol Biomed 2024; 24:545-559. [PMID: 38340316 PMCID: PMC11088896 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2024.10184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The enzyme glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLM) serves as the initial rate-limiting factor in glutathione (GSH) synthesis. GSH is the preferred substrate for glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), directly impacting its activity and stability. This study aims to elucidate the expression of GCLM and its correlation with the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2), commonly referred to as NRF2, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and further investigate the potential signaling axis of radiotherapy resistance caused by NRF2-mediated regulation of ferroptosis in ESCC. The expression of NRF2, GCLM, and GPX4 in ESCC was analyzed by bioinformatics, and their relationship with ferroptosis was verified through cell function experiments. Their role in radioresistance was then investigated through multiple validation steps. Bioinformatics analysis was employed to determine the immune infiltration pattern of NRF2 in ESCC. Furthermore, the effect of NRF2-mediated massive macrophage M2 infiltration on radiotherapy and ferroptosis was validated through in vivo experiments. In vitro assays demonstrated that overactivated NRF2 promotes radioresistance by directly binding to the promoter region of GCLM. The Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and quanTIseq analyses revealed NRF2 enrichment in M2 macrophages with a positive correlation. Co-culturing KYSE450 cells with M2 macrophages demonstrated that a significant infiltration of macrophages M2 can render ESCC cells resistant to radiotherapy but restore their sensitivity to ferroptosis in the process. Our study elucidates a link between the NRF2-GCLM-GSH-GPX4 signaling axis in ESCC, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for antagonistic biomarkers of resistance in the future. Additionally, it provides a novel treatment avenue for ESCC metastasis and radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyuan Xue
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yiliyaer Nuerrula
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yilidana Sitiwaerdi
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Mayinur Eli
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Pan H, Fang H, Zhu C, Li S, Yi H, Zhang X, Yin X, Song Y, Chen D, Yin C. Molecular and immunological characteristics of postoperative relapse in lymph node-positive esophageal squamous cell cancer. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7228. [PMID: 38733174 PMCID: PMC11087845 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular and immunological characteristics of primary tumors and positive lymph nodes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are unknown and the relationship with recurrence is unclear, which this study attempted to explore. METHODS A total of 30 ESCC patients with lymph node positive (IIB-IVA) were enrolled. Among them, primary tumor and lymph node specimens were collected from each patient, and subjected to 551-tumor-targeted DNA sequencing and 289-immuno-oncology RNA panel sequencing to identify the different molecular basis and immunological features, respectively. RESULTS The primary tumors exhibited a higher mutation burden than lymph nodes (p < 0.001). One-year recurrent ESCC exhibited a higher Mucin16 (MUC16) mutation rate (p = 0.038), as well as univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that MUC16 mutation is independent genetic factor associated with reduced relapse-free survival (univariate, HR: 5.39, 95% CI: 1.67-17.4, p = 0.005; multivariate, HR: 7.36, 95% CI: 1.79-30.23, p = 0.006). Transcriptomic results showed non-relapse group had higher cytolytic activity (CYT) score (p = 0.025), and was enriched in the IFN-α pathway (p = 0.036), while those in the relapsed group were enriched in the TNF-α/NF-κB (p = 0.001) and PI3K/Akt pathway (p = 0.014). CONCLUSION The difference in molecular characteristics between primary lesions and lymph nodes may be the cause of the inconsistent clinical outcomes. Mutations of MUC16 and poor immune infiltration are associated with rapid relapse of nodes-positive ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua‐guang Pan
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhuiChina
| | - Han‐lin Fang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhuiChina
| | - Chan Zhu
- Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Nanjing Simcere Medical Laboratory Science Co., Ltd.The State Key Lab of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug DevelopmentNanjingChina
| | - Si Li
- Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Nanjing Simcere Medical Laboratory Science Co., Ltd.The State Key Lab of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug DevelopmentNanjingChina
| | - Huan Yi
- Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Nanjing Simcere Medical Laboratory Science Co., Ltd.The State Key Lab of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug DevelopmentNanjingChina
| | - Xing Zhang
- Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Nanjing Simcere Medical Laboratory Science Co., Ltd.The State Key Lab of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug DevelopmentNanjingChina
| | - Xiang‐yu Yin
- Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Nanjing Simcere Medical Laboratory Science Co., Ltd.The State Key Lab of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug DevelopmentNanjingChina
- Department of Biological SciencesXi'an Jiaotong‐Liverpool UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yun‐jie Song
- Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Nanjing Simcere Medical Laboratory Science Co., Ltd.The State Key Lab of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug DevelopmentNanjingChina
| | - Dongsheng Chen
- Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Nanjing Simcere Medical Laboratory Science Co., Ltd.The State Key Lab of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug DevelopmentNanjingChina
| | - Chun‐tong Yin
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhuiChina
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4
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Yehan Z, Sheng Q, Hong Y, Jiayu L, Jun H, Juan J, Min S, Jiaxin Y, Shangzhi H, Yi W, Qifeng W, Xuefeng L, Wenwu H, Xueyan C, Yang L, Zongyao H. To develop a prognostic model for neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy efficacy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by analyzing the immune microenvironment. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1312380. [PMID: 38726002 PMCID: PMC11079241 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1312380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The choice of neoadjuvant therapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is controversial. This study aims to provide a basis for clinical treatment selection by establishing a predictive model for the efficacy of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (NICT). Methods A retrospective analysis of 30 patients was conducted, divided into Response and Non-response groups based on whether they achieved major pathological remission (MPR). Differences in genes and immune microenvironment between the two groups were analyzed through next-generation sequencing (NGS) and multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF). Variables most closely related to therapeutic efficacy were selected through LASSO regression and ROC curves to establish a predictive model. An additional 48 patients were prospectively collected as a validation set to verify the model's effectiveness. Results NGS suggested seven differential genes (ATM, ATR, BIVM-ERCC5, MAP3K1, PRG, RBM10, and TSHR) between the two groups (P < 0.05). mIF indicated significant differences in the quantity and location of CD3+, PD-L1+, CD3+PD-L1+, CD4+PD-1+, CD4+LAG-3+, CD8+LAG-3+, LAG-3+ between the two groups before treatment (P < 0.05). Dynamic mIF analysis also indicated that CD3+, CD8+, and CD20+ all increased after treatment in both groups, with a more significant increase in CD8+ and CD20+ in the Response group (P < 0.05), and a more significant decrease in PD-L1+ (P < 0.05). The three variables most closely related to therapeutic efficacy were selected through LASSO regression and ROC curves: Tumor area PD-L1+ (AUC= 0.881), CD3+PD-L1+ (AUC= 0.833), and CD3+ (AUC= 0.826), and a predictive model was established. The model showed high performance in both the training set (AUC= 0.938) and the validation set (AUC= 0.832). Compared to the traditional CPS scoring criteria, the model showed significant improvements in accuracy (83.3% vs 70.8%), sensitivity (0.625 vs 0.312), and specificity (0.937 vs 0.906). Conclusion NICT treatment may exert anti-tumor effects by enriching immune cells and activating exhausted T cells. Tumor area CD3+, PD-L1+, and CD3+PD-L1+ are closely related to therapeutic efficacy. The model containing these three variables can accurately predict treatment outcomes, providing a reliable basis for the selection of neoadjuvant treatment plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Yehan
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Sheng
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Hong
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Jiayu
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hou Jun
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ji Juan
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shi Min
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Jiaxin
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hu Shangzhi
- Department of Endoscopy Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Wang Yi
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Wang Qifeng
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Leng Xuefeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - He Wenwu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Liu Yang
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Huang Zongyao
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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5
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Xin Q, Wang D, Wang S, Zhang L, Liang Q, Yan X, Fan K, Jiang B. Tackling Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma with ITFn-Pt(IV): A Novel Fusion of PD-L1 Blockade, Chemotherapy, and T-cell Activation. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303623. [PMID: 38142309 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
PD-1/PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy has gained approval for the treatment of a diverse range of tumors; however, its efficacy is constrained by the insufficient infiltration of T lymphocytes into the tumor microenvironment, resulting in suboptimal patient responses. Here, a pioneering immunotherapy ferritin nanodrug delivery system denoted as ITFn-Pt(IV) is introduced. This system orchestrates a synergistic fusion of PD-L1 blockade, chemotherapy, and T-cell activation, aiming to augment the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. Leveraging genetic engineering approach and temperature-regulated channel-based drug loading techniques, the architecture of this intelligent responsive system is refined. It is adept at facilitating the precise release of T-cell activating peptide Tα1 in the tumor milieu, leading to an elevation in T-cell proliferation and activation. The integration of PD-L1 nanobody KN035 ensures targeted engagement with tumor cells and mediates the intracellular delivery of the encapsulated Pt(IV) drugs, culminating in immunogenic cell death and the subsequent dendritic cell maturation. Employing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) as tumor model, the potent antitumor efficacy of ITFn-Pt(IV) is elucidated, underscored by augmented T-cell infiltration devoid of systemic adverse effects. These findings accentuate the potential of ITFn-Pt(IV) for ESCC treatment and its applicability to other malignancies resistant to established PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xin
- Nanozyme Medical Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Daji Wang
- Nanozyme Synthesis Center, Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shenghui Wang
- Nanozyme Medical Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Qian Liang
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiyun Yan
- Nanozyme Medical Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Nanozyme Laboratory in Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou, Henan, 451163, China
| | - Kelong Fan
- Nanozyme Medical Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Nanozyme Laboratory in Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou, Henan, 451163, China
| | - Bing Jiang
- Nanozyme Medical Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Nanozyme Laboratory in Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou, Henan, 451163, China
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6
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Le Gall C, Cammarata A, de Haas L, Ramos-Tomillero I, Cuenca-Escalona J, Schouren K, Wijfjes Z, Becker AMD, Bödder J, Dölen Y, de Vries IJM, Figdor CG, Flórez-Grau G, Verdoes M. Efficient targeting of NY-ESO-1 tumor antigen to human cDC1s by lymphotactin results in cross-presentation and antigen-specific T cell expansion. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-004309. [PMID: 35428705 PMCID: PMC9014073 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s) are characterized by their ability to induce potent CD8+ T cell responses. In efforts to generate novel vaccination strategies, notably against cancer, human cDC1s emerge as an ideal target to deliver antigens. cDC1s uniquely express XCR1, a seven transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor. Due to its restricted expression and endocytic nature, XCR1 represents an attractive receptor to mediate antigen-delivery to human cDC1s. Methods To explore tumor antigen delivery to human cDC1s, we used an engineered version of XCR1-binding lymphotactin (XCL1), XCL1(CC3). Site-specific sortase-mediated transpeptidation was performed to conjugate XCL1(CC3) to an analog of the HLA-A*02:01 epitope of the cancer testis antigen New York Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma-1 (NY-ESO-1). While poor epitope solubility prevented isolation of stable XCL1-antigen conjugates, incorporation of a single polyethylene glycol (PEG) chain upstream of the epitope-containing peptide enabled generation of soluble XCL1(CC3)-antigen fusion constructs. Binding and chemotactic characteristics of the XCL1-antigen conjugate, as well as its ability to induce antigen-specific CD8+ T cell activation by cDC1s, was assessed. Results PEGylated XCL1(CC3)-antigen conjugates retained binding to XCR1, and induced cDC1 chemoattraction in vitro. The model epitope was efficiently cross-presented by human cDC1s to activate NY-ESO-1-specific CD8+ T cells. Importantly, vaccine activity was increased by targeting XCR1 at the surface of cDC1s. Conclusion Our results present a novel strategy for the generation of targeted vaccines fused to insoluble antigens. Moreover, our data emphasize the potential of targeting XCR1 at the surface of primary human cDC1s to induce potent CD8+ T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Le Gall
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboudumc Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Oncode Institute, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Cammarata
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboudumc Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lukas de Haas
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboudumc Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Iván Ramos-Tomillero
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboudumc Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Chemical Immunology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jorge Cuenca-Escalona
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboudumc Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kayleigh Schouren
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboudumc Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Zacharias Wijfjes
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboudumc Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Chemical Immunology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk M D Becker
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboudumc Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna Bödder
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboudumc Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yusuf Dölen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboudumc Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Oncode Institute, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboudumc Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboudumc Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Oncode Institute, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Georgina Flórez-Grau
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboudumc Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Verdoes
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboudumc Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Chemical Immunology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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7
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Dinh HQ, Pan F, Wang G, Huang QF, Olingy CE, Wu ZY, Wang SH, Xu X, Xu XE, He JZ, Yang Q, Orsulic S, Haro M, Li LY, Huang GW, Breunig JJ, Koeffler HP, Hedrick CC, Xu LY, Lin DC, Li EM. Integrated single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals heterogeneity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma microenvironment. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7335. [PMID: 34921160 PMCID: PMC8683407 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27599-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is a highly complex ecosystem of diverse cell types, which shape cancer biology and impact the responsiveness to therapy. Here, we analyze the microenvironment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) using single-cell transcriptome sequencing in 62,161 cells from blood, adjacent nonmalignant and matched tumor samples from 11 ESCC patients. We uncover heterogeneity in most cell types of the ESCC stroma, particularly in the fibroblast and immune cell compartments. We identify a tumor-specific subset of CST1+ myofibroblasts with prognostic values and potential biological significance. CST1+ myofibroblasts are also highly tumor-specific in other cancer types. Additionally, a subset of antigen-presenting fibroblasts is revealed and validated. Analyses of myeloid and T lymphoid lineages highlight the immunosuppressive nature of the ESCC microenvironment, and identify cancer-specific expression of immune checkpoint inhibitors. This work establishes a rich resource of stromal cell types of the ESCC microenvironment for further understanding of ESCC biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huy Q Dinh
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Feng Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou Sub-center, Shantou, China
| | - Geng Wang
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou Sub-center, Shantou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Qing-Feng Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou Sub-center, Shantou, China
| | - Claire E Olingy
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Xin Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou Sub-center, Shantou, China
| | - Xiu-E Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou Sub-center, Shantou, China
| | - Jian-Zhong He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou Sub-center, Shantou, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Orsulic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marcela Haro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Li-Yan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Guo-Wei Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Joshua J Breunig
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - H Phillip Koeffler
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Catherine C Hedrick
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou Sub-center, Shantou, China.
| | - De-Chen Lin
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - En-Min Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou Sub-center, Shantou, China.
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8
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Nan H, Zhou L, Liang W, Meng J, Lin K, Li M, Hou J, Wang L. Epigenetically associated CCL20 upregulation correlates with esophageal cancer progression and immune disorder. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 228:153683. [PMID: 34798484 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines have distinct effects on tumor progression by affecting cancer immunity and tumorigenesis. However, the characteristic chemokine profiles and their roles in immune cell recruitment and cancer cell biology are not entirely understood in esophageal cancer. Here, we scrutinized chemokine's expression profiles in independent esophageal cancer cohorts and identified the elevated CCL20 as a risk factor to predict patients' prognosis regardless of histology subtypes. Enhanced CCL20 expression was also associated with the acquisition of metastatic potential. Mechanistically, the upregulation of CCL20 in tumor cells was associated with promoter hypomethylation. Furthermore, by analyzing single-cell RNA sequencing data of a mouse model mimicking human ESCC development, we observed an imbalance among CD4+ T subtypes in the tumor microenvironment, namely Ccr6+ Th17 and Treg cells infiltration alongside the elevated Ccl20 expression in abnormal epithelial cells during the tumorigenic process. Together, these results reveal that hypomethylation-induced CCL20 promotes esophageal cancer progression and immune disorder. Targeting CCL20 might be a promising therapeutic approach in esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Nan
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases/the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lisha Zhou
- Department of Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Weihua Liang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases/the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jin Meng
- Department of Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ke Lin
- Department of Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Man Li
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases/the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases/the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China; Department of Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Lianghai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases/the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
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9
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Meng RY, Jin H, Nguyen TV, Chai OH, Park BH, Kim SM. Ursolic Acid Accelerates Paclitaxel-Induced Cell Death in Esophageal Cancer Cells by Suppressing Akt/FOXM1 Signaling Cascade. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11486. [PMID: 34768915 PMCID: PMC8584129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid extracted from various plants, inhibits cell growth, metastasis, and tumorigenesis in various cancers. Chemotherapy resistance and the side effects of paclitaxel (PTX), a traditional chemotherapy reagent, have limited the curative effect of PTX in esophageal cancer. In this study, we investigate whether UA promotes the anti-tumor effect of PTX and explore the underlying mechanism of their combined effect in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Combination treatment with UA and PTX inhibited cell proliferation and cell growth more effectively than either treatment alone by inducing more significant apoptosis, as indicated by increased sub-G1 phase distribution and protein levels of cleaved-PARP and cleaved caspase-9. Similar to the cell growth suppressive effect, the combination of UA and PTX significantly inhibited cell migration by targeting uPA, MMP-9, and E-cadherin in ESCC cells. In addition, combination treatment with UA and PTX significantly activated p-GSK-3β and suppressed the activation of Akt and FOXM1 in ESCC cells. Those effects were enhanced by the Akt inhibitor LY2940002 and inverted by the Akt agonist SC79. In an in vivo evaluation of a murine xenograft model of esophageal cancer, combination treatment with UA and PTX suppressed tumor growth significantly better than UA or PTX treatment alone. Thus, UA effectively potentiates the anti-tumor efficacy of PTX by targeting the Akt/FOXM1 cascade since combination treatment shows significantly more anti-tumor potential than PTX alone both in vitro and in vivo. Combination treatment with UA and PTX could be a new strategy for curing esophageal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo Yu Meng
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Medical Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
| | - Hua Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Thi Van Nguyen
- Department of Anatomy, Institute for Medical Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (T.V.N.); (O.-H.C.)
| | - Ok-Hee Chai
- Department of Anatomy, Institute for Medical Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (T.V.N.); (O.-H.C.)
| | - Byung-Hyun Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
| | - Soo Mi Kim
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Medical Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
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10
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Ma Z, Dong Z, Yu D, Mu M, Feng W, Guo J, Cheng B, Guo J, Ma J. IL-32 Promotes the Radiosensitivity of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell through STAT3 Pathway. Biomed Res Int 2021; 2021:6653747. [PMID: 33681363 PMCID: PMC7904356 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6653747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is set out to determine the relationship between IL-32 and radiosensitivity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). METHODS Western blot was adopted for measuring IL-32 expression in Eca-109 and TE-10 cells. Eca-109 and TE-10 cells with interference or overexpression of IL-32 were treated with the presence or absence of X-ray irradiation. Then, the use of CCK8 assay was to detect proliferation ability, and effects of IL-32 expression on radiosensitivity of ESCC were tested by colony formation assay. The cell apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry. STAT3 and p-STAT expression, and apoptotic protein Bax were detected by western blot. RESULTS Colony formation assay and CCK8 assay showed that compared with the NC group without treatment, the growth of the ESCC cells, that is Eca-109 and TE-10, was significantly inhibited in the OE+IR group with highly expressed IL-32 and irradiation. In flow cytometry analysis, in Eca-109 and TE-10 cells, highly expressed IL-32 combined with irradiation significantly increased apoptosis compared with the control group. Highly expressed IL-32 has a synergistic effect with irradiation, inhibiting STAT3 and p-STAT3 expression and increasing apoptotic protein Bax expression. CONCLUSION IL-32 can improve the radiosensitivity of ESCC cells by inhibiting the STAT3 pathway. Therefore, IL-32 can be used as a new therapeutic target to provide a new attempt for radiotherapy of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Ma
- First Department of Radiotherapy, Wanbei Coal-Electricity Group General Hospital, Suzhou, 234000 Anhui, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- Department of Radiotherapy, BenQ Medical Center Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000 Jiangsu, China
| | - Dingyue Yu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Bengbu Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical Collage, Bengbu, 233000 Anhui, China
| | - Mingchen Mu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Lianyungang Municipal Oriental Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical Collage, Lianyungang, 222042 Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanwen Feng
- Translational Medicine Center, Lianyungang Municipal Oriental Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical Collage, Lianyungang, 222042 Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiayi Guo
- Department of Radiotherapy, Lianyungang Municipal Oriental Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical Collage, Lianyungang, 222042 Jiangsu, China
| | - Beibei Cheng
- Department of Radiotherapy, Lianyungang Municipal Oriental Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical Collage, Lianyungang, 222042 Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiayou Guo
- Department of Radiotherapy, Lianyungang Municipal Oriental Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical Collage, Lianyungang, 222042 Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianxin Ma
- Department of Radiotherapy, Lianyungang Municipal Oriental Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical Collage, Lianyungang, 222042 Jiangsu, China
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11
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Mori T, Kumagai K, Nasu K, Yoshizawa T, Kuwano K, Hamada Y, Kanazawa H, Suzuki R. Clonal Expansion of Tumor-Infiltrating T Cells and Analysis of the Tumor Microenvironment within Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Relapsed after Definitive Chemoradiation Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031098. [PMID: 33499345 PMCID: PMC7865796 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Comparable prognoses after definitive chemoradiation therapy (CRT) to surgery alone for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have been previously reported; however, no robust prognostic markers have been established. The clonality of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and tumor microenvironments (TMEs) in ESCC relapsed after CRT were examined to explore prognostic markers. (2) Methods: Clonality of TIL and TME were examined in ESCC with and without preceding CRT, as well as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and healthy volunteers as controls. The clonality of TIL was assessed by T-cell receptor (TCR) α and β repertoire analyses and evaluated by diversity indices. The TME was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction evaluating PD-L1 and CD8B. (3) Results: The clonal expansion of TIL was significantly induced within ESCCs and OSCCs, when compared to healthy volunteers, and was mostly induced within ESCCs after definitive CRT. Diversity indices of TIL were not associated with the prognosis, but the ratio of PD-L1 mRNA to CD8B mRNA in TME was significantly associated with a poor prognosis after salvage surgery (p = 0.007). (4) Conclusions: The clonal expansion of TIL is induced after definitive CRT for ESCC, and the ratio of PD-L1 mRNA to CD8B mRNA within tumor tissues is a prognostic marker candidate for salvage esophagectomy after CRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Mori
- Departments of Clinical Oncology and Gastroenterological Surgery, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital, 18-1 Sakuradai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0392, Japan
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital, 18-1 Sakuradai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0385, Japan; (K.K.); (K.N.); (T.Y.); (K.K.); (R.S.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan;
- Correspondence:
| | - Kenichi Kumagai
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital, 18-1 Sakuradai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0385, Japan; (K.K.); (K.N.); (T.Y.); (K.K.); (R.S.)
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital, 18-1 Sakuradai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0392, Japan;
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aobaku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nasu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital, 18-1 Sakuradai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0385, Japan; (K.K.); (K.N.); (T.Y.); (K.K.); (R.S.)
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aobaku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takamasa Yoshizawa
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital, 18-1 Sakuradai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0385, Japan; (K.K.); (K.N.); (T.Y.); (K.K.); (R.S.)
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aobaku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Koji Kuwano
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital, 18-1 Sakuradai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0385, Japan; (K.K.); (K.N.); (T.Y.); (K.K.); (R.S.)
- Department of Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery and Orthodontics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Hamada
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aobaku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Hideki Kanazawa
- Department of Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery and Orthodontics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Ryuji Suzuki
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Center for Rheumatology and Allergy, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital, 18-1 Sakuradai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0385, Japan; (K.K.); (K.N.); (T.Y.); (K.K.); (R.S.)
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12
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Wang S, Lin Y, Xiong X, Wang L, Guo Y, Chen Y, Chen S, Wang G, Lin P, Chen H, Yeung SCJ, Bremer E, Zhang H. Low-Dose Metformin Reprograms the Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Human Esophageal Cancer: Results of a Phase II Clinical Trial. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:4921-4932. [PMID: 32646922 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) has an important impact on response to cancer immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors. Specifically, an "infiltrated-excluded"/"cold" TIME is predictive of poor response. The antidiabetic agent metformin may influence anticancer immunity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We analyzed matched pre- and posttreatment ESCC specimens in a phase II clinical trial of low-dose metformin treatment (250 mg/day) to evaluate direct anti-ESCC activity and TIME reprogramming. Follow-up correlative studies using a carcinogen-induced ESCC mouse model were performed with short-term (1 week) or long-term (12 weeks) low-dose metformin (50 mg/kg/day) treatment. RESULTS In the clinical trial, low-dose metformin did not affect proliferation or apoptosis in ESCC tumors as assayed by Ki67 and cleaved caspase-3 immunostaining. However, metformin reprogrammed the TIME toward "infiltrated-inflamed" and increased the numbers of infiltrated CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte and CD20+ B lymphocyte. Further, an increase in tumor-suppressive (CD11c+) and a decrease in tumor-promoting (CD163+) macrophages were observed. Metformin augmented macrophage-mediated phagocytosis of ESCC cells in vitro. In the ESCC mouse model, short-term metformin treatment reprogrammed the TIME in a similar fashion to humans, whereas long-term treatment further shifted the TIME toward an active state (e.g., reduction in CD4+ FoxP3+ regulatory T cells) and inhibited ESCC growth. In both humans and mice, metformin triggered AMPK activation and STAT3 inactivation, and altered the production of effector cytokines (i.e., TNFα, IFNγ, and IL10) in the immune cells. CONCLUSIONS Low-dose metformin reprograms the TIME to an activated status and may be a suitable immune response modifier for further investigation in patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, and Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, Jinan University Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yusheng Lin
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, and Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, Jinan University Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Xiao Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, and Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, Jinan University Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, and Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, Jinan University Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Endoscopy Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuping Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaobin Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Geng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, and Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, Jinan University Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongcai Chen
- Department of Immunotherapy and Gastrointestinal Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sai-Ching Jim Yeung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Edwin Bremer
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, and Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, Jinan University Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Guo Q, Shao Z, Xu D, Fan L, Xiong H, Ding X, You C, Zhang L. Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in peripheral blood and pathological tissue in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21306. [PMID: 32702926 PMCID: PMC7373615 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of neutrophils-to-lymphocyte ratio in peripheral blood (NLR) and in cancer nest (iNLR) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).Totally 103 patients with ESCC treated with surgical radical surgery in the Shuyang People's Hospital from February 2010 to November 2014 were collected retrospectively. Peripheral blood routine test and immunohistochemistry examination of carcinoma nest were mainly performed. Survival rates were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier curves. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were also performed to explore potential prognostic factors of ESCC.The median survival time after surgery of low NLR group and high NLR group were 48 months and 30 months, respectively. The difference of overall survival between the 2 groups was statistically significant (χ = 7.435, P = .006). The median survival time after surgery of low iNLR group and high iNLR group were 37 months and 24.5 months, respectively. The difference between the 2 groups was also statistically significant (χ = 33.640, P = .000). Univariate analysis showed influence factors of postoperative survival in patients with ESCC included tumor-node-metastasis staging, NLR, iNLR, and grade of NLR score + iNLR score (P ≤ .05). Multivariate analysis confirmed NLR, iNLR, and tumor-node-metastasis staging were independent influence factors of postoperative survival in patients with ESCC (P ≤ .05).High level of NLR and iNLR implies a poor prognosis of ESCC. The application of both NLR and iNLR could guide clinicians to take aggressive treatments for high risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanquan Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu
| | - Zhiying Shao
- Department of Interventional ultrasound, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital); Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC); Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Shuyang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Shuyang
| | - Lili Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Shuyang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Shuyang
| | - Huiru Xiong
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu
| | - Xin Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanwen You
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu
| | - Longzhen Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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14
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Sun G, Ye H, Wang X, Li T, Jiang D, Qiu C, Dai L, Shi J, Wang K, Song C, Wang P, Zhang J. Autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens combined with microRNAs in detecting esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2020; 9:1173-1182. [PMID: 31856412 PMCID: PMC6997060 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal carcinoma (EC) is a common malignant disease worldwide, especially in China. There is currently no specific blood test for detecting EC. Autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens (TAAbs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are promising markers for cancer diagnosis and this study focuses on combining TAAbs and miRNAs to evaluate the diagnostic value in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The expression levels of seven TAAbs and five microRNAs in plasmas from 125 patients diagnosed with ESCC and 125 healthy individuals were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcription quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), respectively. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was applied to estimate the diagnostic value of these markers for distinguishing ESCC patients from normal individuals. Logistic regression analysis was performed to generate prediction model and calculate the probability of individuals being diagnosed with ESCC. Three panels were established including four TAAbs, three miRNAs, and three TAAbs combined with three miRNAs. The panel consisting of three TAAbs (HCCR, C-myc, and MDM2) and three miRNAs (miR-21, miR-223, and miR-375) attained great diagnostic value for ESCC, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.89 (95% CI: 0.85-0.93) with the sensitivity of 69%, the specificity of 90%, the PPV of 83%, the NPV of 79%, and the coincidence rate of 81%. The optimal panel of six-member markers was able to effectively discriminate the patients with ESCC from normal individuals, especially for early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiying Sun
- College of Public HealthZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor EpidemiologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Hua Ye
- College of Public HealthZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor EpidemiologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Xiao Wang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Tiandong Li
- College of Public HealthZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor EpidemiologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Di Jiang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor EpidemiologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Department of immunologyCollege of Basic MedicineZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Cuipeng Qiu
- College of Public HealthZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor EpidemiologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Liping Dai
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor EpidemiologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jianxiang Shi
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor EpidemiologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Kaijuan Wang
- College of Public HealthZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor EpidemiologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Chunhua Song
- College of Public HealthZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor EpidemiologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Public HealthZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor EpidemiologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jianying Zhang
- College of Public HealthZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor EpidemiologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
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15
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Abstract
Immunohistochemistry is the identification of a cell protein by a specific antibody targeting that protein. It is the most common ancillary test to study the pathology of cancer. Immunohistochemical protein markers are used to differentiate poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma from poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma or neuroendocrine carcinomas. They could be used to identify and type the carcinoma in metastatic locations. Importantly, immunodetection of markers also helps in prediction of response to therapies as well as assessing the different biomarkers related to the pathogenesis and clinical behavior of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Successful application of the immunochemistry depends on understanding the mechanisms and principles as well as the limitations of the procedure. Automation of the procedure by different models of automatic stainers is widely used in diagnostic laboratories. The use of autostainers streamlines the workflows and certainly reduces the labor, time, and cost of using immunohistochemistry in clinical and research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kais Kasem
- Clinical Pathology Department, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Alfred K Lam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
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16
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Xu YW, Chen H, Hong CQ, Chu LY, Yang SH, Huang LS, Guo H, Chen LY, Liu CT, Huang XY, Lin LH, Chen SL, Wu ZY, Peng YH, Xu LY, Li EM. Serum IGFBP-1 as a potential biomarker for diagnosis of early-stage upper gastrointestinal tumour. EBioMedicine 2020; 51:102566. [PMID: 31901863 PMCID: PMC6956950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early detection would improve upper gastrointestinal cancer prognosis. We aimed to identify serum protein biomarker for the detection of early-stage upper gastrointestinal cancer. METHODS We performed a three-tiered study including 2028 participants from three medical centres. First, we applied two different antibody arrays to screen candidate serum proteins that increased in 20 patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) compared with 20 normal controls. We then evaluated the selected protein by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 1064 participants including 731 upper gastrointestinal cancer patients (287 ESCCs, 237 oesophagogastric junction adenocarcinomas (EJAs), and 207 stomach cancers) and 333 normal controls. The diagnostic value of the selected protein was finally validated in two independent cohorts of ESCC patients and controls (n=472 and 452, respectively). The receiver operating characteristic was used to calculate diagnostic accuracy. FINDINGS Serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) identified in both antibody arrays showed significantly elevated levels in upper gastrointestinal cancers, compared with normal controls. Serum IGFBP-1 provided high diagnostic accuracy of early-stage ESCC, EJA, stomach and cancer (areas under the curve: 0·898, 0·936 and 0·864, respectively). This protein maintained diagnostic performance for early-stage ESCC in independent cohorts 1 and 2 (0·849 and 0·911, respectively). Additionally, serum levels of IGFBP-1 dropped significantly after surgical resection of primary tumours, compared with the corresponding pre-operative ESCC samples (p < 0·05). INTERPRETATION Serum IGFBP-1 represents a promising diagnostic biomarker to detect early-stage upper gastrointestinal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wei Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China; Precision Medicine Research Centre, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China; Guangdong Oesophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao-Qun Hong
- Department of Oncological Laboratory Research, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ling-Yu Chu
- Precision Medicine Research Centre, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shi-Han Yang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Li-Sheng Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Hong Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Liu-Yi Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Can-Tong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China; Precision Medicine Research Centre, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xin-Yi Huang
- Precision Medicine Research Centre, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Lie-Hao Lin
- Department of surgery, Shantou Nan'ao People's Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Shu-Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, China.
| | - Yu-Hui Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China; Precision Medicine Research Centre, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China; Guangdong Oesophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
| | - En-Min Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
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17
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Tang J, Ye S, Wang M, Li J, Meng X, Liu F. Stromal interaction molecule 1 promotes tumor growth in Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Genomics 2019; 112:2146-2153. [PMID: 31843504 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a disease with poor prognosis which urgently is in need of effective prognostic marker. To discover novel prognostic protein marker for ESCC, we applied a high-throughput monoclonal antibody microarray to compare tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues from ESCC patients. Antibody #ESmAb270 was consistent higher expressed in tumors and it was identified via mass spectrometry to be stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1). STIM1 H scores in tumor tissues were significantly up-regulated in esophageal tumor tissues compared to non-tumor tissues in 105 ESCC patients. We also observed that high STIM1 expression was correlated with advanced tumor grade and poor prognosis of ESCC. In addition, attenuation of STIM1 by siRNA or chemical inhibitors significantly inhibited cell viability and migration of ESCC cells. Evidence from high-throughput monoclonal antibody microarray, IHC microarray with associated survival data and functional analysis show that STIM1 is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shufang Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lishui people's Hospital, Zhejiang province, China
| | | | - Jun Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xun Meng
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Abmart, 333 Guiping Road, Shanghai 200033, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Digestive endoscopy center, Shanghai tenth people's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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18
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Xu YW, Peng YH, Xu LY, Xie JJ, Li EM. Autoantibodies: Potential clinical applications in early detection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:5049-5068. [PMID: 31558856 PMCID: PMC6747294 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i34.5049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EGJA) are the two main types of gastrointestinal cancers that pose a huge threat to human health. ESCC remains one of the most common malignant diseases around the world. In contrast to the decreasing prevalence of ESCC, the incidence of EGJA is rising rapidly. Early detection represents one of the most promising ways to improve the prognosis and reduce the mortality of these cancers. Current approaches for early diagnosis mainly depend on invasive and costly endoscopy. Non-invasive biomarkers are in great need to facilitate earlier detection for better clinical management of patients. Tumor-associated autoantibodies can be detected at an early stage before manifestations of clinical signs of tumorigenesis, making them promising biomarkers for early detection and monitoring of ESCC and EGJA. In this review, we summarize recent insights into the iden-tification and validation of tumor-associated autoantibodies for the early detection of ESCC and EGJA and discuss the challenges remaining for clinical validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wei Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu-Hui Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian-Jun Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - En-Min Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
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Samiei H, Sadighi-Moghaddam B, Mohammadi S, Gharavi A, Abdolmaleki S, Khosravi A, Kokhaei P, Bazzazi H, Memarian A. Dysregulation of helper T lymphocytes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients is highly associated with aberrant production of miR-21. Immunol Res 2019; 67:212-222. [PMID: 31278653 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-019-09079-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of helper T (Th) cell subsets has been contributed to the initiation and propagation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Different microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to control the development and functions of tumor-associated immune cells in ESCC. Here, we aimed to assess the IL-10, TGF-β, IFN-γ, and IL-17a-producing CD3+CD8- T cells in association whit miR-21, miR-29b, miR-106a, and miR-155 expression in ESCC patients. A total of 34 ESCC patients including 12 newly diagnosed (ND) and 22 under-treatment (UT) cases and also 34 age-matched healthy donors were enrolled. Flow cytometric characterization of stimulated T cells was performed by staining of the cells with fluorescent conjugated specific anti-human CD3 and CD8 cell surface markers as well as IL-17a, IFN-γ, IL-10, and TGF-β intracytoplasmic cytokines. Circulating RNA was extracted from the plasma, and qRT-PCR was used to evaluate the expression of microRNAs. TGF-β plasma levels were also assessed by ELISA. Results showed that the frequency of Th cells was significantly reduced in patients. A significant increase in Treg as well as Th17 cells population in both patient subgroups was observed. ND patients showed elevated level of Th1 cells and IL-10. However the mean expression of IFN-γ was significantly decreased in Th cells. We also detected higher level of miR-21 in the ESCC patients which was significantly correlated with different subsets of Th cells. Our findings revealed that immune response related to the Th cells is highly impaired in ESCC patients. Association between miR-21 and Th subsets could be correlated with the impairment of anti-tumor immunity and ESCC pathogenesis, which could be potentially used as an important target for immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadiseh Samiei
- Student Research Committee, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Bizhan Sadighi-Moghaddam
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Saeed Mohammadi
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Stem Cell Research center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Abdolsamad Gharavi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Sara Abdolmaleki
- Student Research Committee, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ayyoob Khosravi
- Stem Cell Research center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Parviz Kokhaei
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Immune and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Cancer Centre Karolinska, Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hadi Bazzazi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Memarian
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma-associated antigen-A (MAGE-A) was recognized as high-expressed in many solid tumors including esophageal carcinoma (EC), nevertheless, was reported to be low/not-expressed in normal tissues. Thus, it was considered as an extraordinary appropriate target for treatment especially in immunotherapy. Therefore, it demanded more detail knowledge on the precise function of MAGE-A. METHODS In this study, we used the data from the Cancer Genome Atlas dataset (TCGA-ESCA) to analyze the expression and survival for MAGE A3/4/11 (the subtype of MAGE-A) using the online tool of UALCAN. Furthermore, the high-throughput sequencing data of the patients with esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) from TCGA dataset were performed to analyze the correlation test, gene ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment of MAGE A3/4/9/11 using LinkeDomics (online tool) and ClueGO (inner software of Cytoscape). Finally, relative gene expressions of MAGE A3/4/9/11 were verified by quantitative real-time PCR (q-PCR) in the patients with EC. RESULTS MAGE A3/4/11 was high-expressed in tissues of patients with ESCC, and there was no difference in survival time for patients between the high-expressed with the low/medium-expressed. The Go enrichment analysis showed that the 4 MAGE-A subtypes (MAGE-A3/4/9/11) were enriched in the regulation of the adaptive immune response, translational initiation, interleukin-4 production, response to type I interferon, and skin development, respectively. The KEGG results showed that they were enriched in T cell receptor signaling pathway (MAGE-A3), Th1 and Th2 differentiation, antigen processing and presentation (MAGE-A4), cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction (MAGE-A9), and chemokine signaling pathway (MAGE-A11). CONCLUSION MAGE A3/4/9/11 was high-expressed in EC, and were enrolled in the regulation of immune response. They may consider as candidate immune target for EC treatment and provided the messages for further research in the function of MAGE-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Chen
- Oncology of Panyu Central Hospital, Panyu Cancer Institute
| | - Sina Cai
- Oncology of The Hospital of Third Affiliated Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong
| | - Liping Wang
- The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan
| | - Xiaona Zhang
- Graceland Medical Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat–Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhui Li
- Oncology of Panyu Central Hospital, Panyu Cancer Institute
| | - Xiaolong Cao
- Oncology of Panyu Central Hospital, Panyu Cancer Institute
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Alsina M, Moehler M, Lorenzen S. Immunotherapy of Esophageal Cancer: Current Status, Many Trials and Innovative Strategies. Oncol Res Treat 2018; 41:266-271. [PMID: 29705786 DOI: 10.1159/000488120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The majority of patients with esophageal cancer present with advanced disease and chemotherapy is the mainstay of palliation. However, efficacy is limited by the development of chemotherapy resistance and treatment options beyond first- and second-line treatment are scarce. Immunotherapy is a novel treatment option that has shown encouraging efficacy in several types of cancer, also in esophageal cancer. In esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC), early phase evaluation of immune checkpoint inhibitors has yielded promising results, however, results from phase 3 trials are currently still lacking. Besides checkpoint inhibitors, other immunogenic approaches e.g. peptide vaccines, adoptive T-cell therapy and oncolytic viruses are under development. This review describes the biological rational for immunotherapy and provides first accumulating data on its use in advanced esophageal cancer, with a focus on ESCC.
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