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Cabras S, Di Pede F, Canosa A, Grassano M, Mongini TE, Gadaleta G, Calvo A, Chiò A, Moglia C, Gallone S. Hereditary motor sensory neuropathy with proximal involvement (HMSN-P) associated with TFG p.Pro285Leu variant in an Italian family with a motor neuron disease-like clinical picture. Muscle Nerve 2024; 69:730-732. [PMID: 38533668 DOI: 10.1002/mus.28088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cabras
- ALS Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- School of Advanced Studies, Center for Neuroscience, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Pede
- ALS Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio Canosa
- ALS Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- S.C. Neurologia 1U, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Council of Research, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Grassano
- ALS Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Tiziana Enrica Mongini
- S.C. Neurologia 1U, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
- Neuromuscular Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- ERN Euro-NMD, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Giulio Gadaleta
- Neuromuscular Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Calvo
- ALS Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- S.C. Neurologia 1U, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Adriano Chiò
- ALS Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- S.C. Neurologia 1U, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Council of Research, Rome, Italy
- ERN Euro-NMD, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Moglia
- ALS Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- S.C. Neurologia 1U, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Salvatore Gallone
- S.C. Neurologia 1U, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
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Braga VL, Tamanini JVG, Gama SM, Fraiman PHA, Silva TYT, Santos-Neto D, Barsottini OGP, Pedroso JL. Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy Okinawa type mimicking proximal myopathy. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2024; 239:108213. [PMID: 38479034 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2024.108213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement (HMSN-P), or, Okinawa type, is a rare neuromuscular disorder characterized by proximal dominant neurogenic atrophy and distal sensory alterations with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. We present a case of a Brazilian woman of Okinawan ancestry, with symmetrical proximal weakness, fasciculations, absent patellar reflexes and positive familial history for the same symptoms. These findings led to genetic testing, which identified a variant in the TFG gene (c.854 C>T;p.(Pro285Leu), confirming the diagnosis of HMSN-P. HMSN-P seemed to be restricted to populations in Okinawa, however, other HMSN-P cases were described in several parts of the world, especially in South America. This case report emphasizes the importance of considering HMSN-P in patients presenting with clinical features resembling proximal myopathy, especially in individuals with Okinawan ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Lopes Braga
- Departament of Neurology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Sofia Monaco Gama
- Departament of Neurology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Denizart Santos-Neto
- Departament of Neurology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - José Luiz Pedroso
- Departament of Neurology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Li L, Xie Y, Zeng S, Li X, Lin Z, Huang S, Zhao H, Cao W, Liu L, Liu J, Rong P, Zhang R. Expanding the genetic and clinical spectrum of SORD-related peripheral neuropathy by reporting a novel variant c.210T>G and evidence of subclinical muscle involvement. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2023; 28:608-613. [PMID: 37584201 DOI: 10.1111/jns.12591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Biallelic variants in the sorbitol dehydrogenase (SORD) gene have been identified as the genetic cause of autosomal recessive (AR) peripheral neuropathy (PN) manifesting as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 (CMT2) or distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN). We aim to observe the genetic and clinical spectrum of a cohort of patients with SORD-related PN (SORD-PN). METHODS A total of 107 patients with AR or sporadic CMT2/dHMN underwent molecular diagnosis by whole-exome sequencing and subsequent Sanger sequencing validation. Available phenotypic data for SORD-PN were collected and analyzed. RESULTS Eleven (10.28%) of 107 patients were identified as SORD-PN, including four with CMT2 and seven with dHMN. The SORD variant c.210 T > G;p.His70Gln in F-d3 was firstly reported and subsequent analysis showed that it resulted in loss of SORD enzyme function. Evidence of subclinical muscle involvement was frequently detected in patients with SORD-PN, including mildly to moderately elevated serum creatine kinase (CK) levels in 10 patients, myogenic electrophysiological changes in one patient, and muscle edema in five patients undergoing lower extremity MRI. Fasting serum sorbitol level was 88-fold higher in SORD-PN patients (9.69 ± 1.07 mg/L) than in healthy heterozygous subjects (0.11 ± 0.01 mg/L) and 138-fold higher than in healthy controls (0.07 ± 0.02 mg/L). INTERPRETATION The novel SORD variant c.210 T > G;p.His70Gln and evidence of subclinical muscle involvement were identified, which expanded the genetic and clinical spectrum of SORD-PN. Subclinical muscle involvement might be a common but easily overlooked clinical feature. The serum CK and fasting serum sorbitol levels were expected to be sensitive biomarkers confirmed by follow-up cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongzhi Xie
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sen Zeng
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiqiang Lin
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shunxiang Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huadong Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wanqian Cao
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pengfei Rong
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruxu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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4
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Halliwell NF, Kumar KR, Ng K. Myelin protein zero-related autosomal dominant peripheral neuropathy presenting as hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies. Muscle Nerve 2023; 68:E34-E36. [PMID: 37458168 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas F Halliwell
- Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kishore R Kumar
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory and Department of Neurology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karl Ng
- Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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Llauradó A, Gratacòs-Viñola M, Rovira-Moreno E, Codina-Solà M, Salvadó M, Sanchez-Tejerina D, Sotoca J, Raguer N, Garcia-Arumi E, Juntas-Morales R. Distal hereditary motor neuropathy due to a novel YARS1 gene pathogenic variant. Muscle Nerve 2023; 67:E22-E24. [PMID: 36631979 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnau Llauradó
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, European Reference Network on Rare Neuromuscular Diseases (ERN EURO-NMD), Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarida Gratacòs-Viñola
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eulàlia Rovira-Moreno
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Codina-Solà
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Salvadó
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, European Reference Network on Rare Neuromuscular Diseases (ERN EURO-NMD), Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Sanchez-Tejerina
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, European Reference Network on Rare Neuromuscular Diseases (ERN EURO-NMD), Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Sotoca
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, European Reference Network on Rare Neuromuscular Diseases (ERN EURO-NMD), Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Raguer
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Garcia-Arumi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raul Juntas-Morales
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, European Reference Network on Rare Neuromuscular Diseases (ERN EURO-NMD), Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Masingue M, Fernández-Eulate G, Debs R, Tard C, Labeyrie C, Leonard-Louis S, Dhaenens CM, Masson MA, Latour P, Stojkovic T. Strategy for genetic analysis in hereditary neuropathy. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2023; 179:10-29. [PMID: 36566124 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Inherited neuropathies are a heterogeneous group of slowly progressive disorders affecting either motor, sensory, and/or autonomic nerves. Peripheral neuropathy may be the major component of a disease such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease or a feature of a more complex multisystemic disease involving the central nervous system and other organs. The goal of this review is to provide the clinical clues orientating the genetic diagnosis in a patient with inherited peripheral neuropathy. This review focuses on primary inherited neuropathies, amyloidosis, inherited metabolic diseases, while detailing clinical, neurophysiological and potential treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Masingue
- Centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Île-de-France, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France.
| | - G Fernández-Eulate
- Centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Île-de-France, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - R Debs
- Service de neurophysiologie, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - C Tard
- CHU de Lille, clinique neurologique, centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Île-de-France, 59037 Lille cedex, France
| | - C Labeyrie
- Service de neurologie, hôpital Kremlin-Bicêtre, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - S Leonard-Louis
- Centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Île-de-France, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - C-M Dhaenens
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU de Lille, U1172-LilNCog-Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000 Lille, France
| | - M A Masson
- Inserm U1127, Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7225, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - P Latour
- Service de biochimie biologie moléculaire, CHU de Lyon, centre de biologie et pathologie Est, 69677 Bron cedex, France
| | - T Stojkovic
- Centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Île-de-France, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
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Luo Z, Zhang L, Yang J, Zhang H, Liang T. Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with SOD1-mutant: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31378. [PMID: 36316849 PMCID: PMC9622623 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Hereditary motor-sensory peripheral neuropathy, or Charot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is an inherited peripheral neuropathy characterized by progressive limb weakness and muscle atrophy. As the disease progresses, sensory and autonomic involvement may occur. We report a case of CMT associated with SOD1 gene mutation, in order to provide new ideas for clinical disease diagnosis. PATIENT CONCERNS A 50-years-old female patient was admitted to the hospital with "progressive weakness of the right lower extremity for 5 years, aggravating, and weakness of the left lower extremity for 4 months". DIAGNOSIS The patient was diagnosed CMT. INTERVENTION Nerve nutrition and rehabilitation therapy were given, but the patient's condition still did not improve significantly. OUTCOMES The improvement of symptoms was not obvious. LESSONS The clinical manifestations and electromyography results of this patient are consistent with the characteristics of CMT. The peripheral nerve-related hereditary gene test found mutation in SOD1. It is possible that this mutation is linked to CMT. The disease is a neurodegenerative disease, that may be slowed by physical therapy and rehabilitation, but could not be healed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Luo
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Dalian road. Zunyi, China
| | - Linhai Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Dalian road. Zunyi, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Dalian road. Zunyi, China
| | - Haiqing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Dalian road. Zunyi, China
| | - Tao Liang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Dalian road. Zunyi, China
- * Correspondence: Tao Liang, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Dalian road,Zunyi,China (e-mail: )
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Frasquet M, Sevilla T. Hereditary motor neuropathies. Curr Opin Neurol 2022; 35:562-570. [PMID: 35942667 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000001087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Distal hereditary motor neuropathies (dHMN) are a clinically and genetically diverse group of disorders that are characterized by length-dependent axonal degeneration of lower motor neurons. In this review, we will provide an overview of dHMN, and we will correlate the distinct clinical subtypes with their causative genes, focusing on the most recent advances in the field. RECENT FINDINGS Despite the massive use of new-generation sequencing (NGS) and the discovery of new genes, only a third of dHMN patients receive a molecular diagnosis. Thanks to international cooperation between researchers, new genes have been implicated in dHMN, such as SORD and VWA1 . Mutations in SORD are the most frequent cause of autosomal recessive forms of dHMN. As a result of these findings, the potential benefits of some pharmacological compounds are being studied in cell and animal models, mainly targeting axonal transport and metabolic pathways. SUMMARY Despite the wide use of NGS, the diagnosis of dHMN remains a challenge. The low prevalence of dHMN makes international cooperation necessary in order to discover new genes and causal mechanisms. Genetic diagnosis of patients and identification of new pathomechanism are essential for the development of therapeutical clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Frasquet
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Doctor Peset
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) Spain
| | - Teresa Sevilla
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe
- Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) Spain
- Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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9
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Li G, Fu J, Pang M, Song J, Ma M, Zhang J. [Analysis of a pedigree with distal hereditary motor neuropathy type 2A caused by mutation in HSPB8 gene]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi 2022; 39:621-624. [PMID: 35773767 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn511374-20210528-00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore phenotypic and mutational characteristics of a pedigree with distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN). METHODS Clinical data of the proband and her family members was collected. Electrophysiology, muscle biopsy and whole exome sequencing were carried out for the proband. RESULTS Patients of the family mainly presented with distal lower limb weakness. Electrophysiological test of the proband revealed distal motor neuropathy and sensory nerves were normal. Muscle biopsy suggested neurogenic atrophy of muscle fibers. Genetic analysis revealed a heterozygous c.421A>G (p.K141E) mutation in exon 2 of the HSPB8 gene, which was a hot spot mutation. CONCLUSION This family was the first reported HSPB8 related dHMN2A in Chinese population, and p.K141E was the causative mutation, which enriched the mutational spectrum of dHMN in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China.
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Karklinsky S, Kugler S, Bar-Yosef O, Nissenkorn A, Grossman-Jonish A, Tirosh I, Vivante A, Pode-Shakked B. Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP): Intrafamilial phenotypic variability and early childhood refusal to walk as the presenting symptom. Ital J Pediatr 2022; 48:84. [PMID: 35658923 PMCID: PMC9164845 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-022-01280-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limping and/or refusal to walk is a common complaint in the setting of the pediatric department, with a widely diverse differential diagnosis. An unusual etiology, is that of a hereditary neuropathy. Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP) is a recurrent, episodic demyelinating neuropathy, most commonly caused by a 17p11.2 chromosomal deletion encompassing the PMP22 gene. METHODS We pursued chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) in multiple affected individuals of a single extended family, manifesting a range of phenotypic features consistent with HNPP. RESULTS A 4.5 years-old boy presented for in-patient evaluation due to refusal to walk. Initial investigations including spine MRI and bone scan failed to yield a conclusive diagnosis. Following family history, which implied an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, CMA was pursued and confirmed a 17p11.2 deletion in the proband consistent with HNPP. Importantly, following this diagnosis, four additional affected family members were demonstrated to harbor the deletion. Their variable phenotypic features, ranging from a prenatal diagnosis of a 6 months-old sibling, to recurrent paresthesias manifesting in the fourth decade of life, are discussed. CONCLUSIONS Our experience with the family reported herein demonstrates how a thorough anamnesis can lead to a rare genetic etiology with a favorable prognosis and prevent unnecessary investigations, and underscores HNPP as an uncommon diagnostic possibility in the limping child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shani Karklinsky
- Department of Pediatrics B, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, 52621, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Shir Kugler
- Department of Pediatrics B, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, 52621, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Omer Bar-Yosef
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Andreea Nissenkorn
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Center for Rare Disorders-Magen, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
| | - Anat Grossman-Jonish
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Irit Tirosh
- Department of Pediatrics B, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, 52621, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Asaf Vivante
- Department of Pediatrics B, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, 52621, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ben Pode-Shakked
- Department of Pediatrics B, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, 52621, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
- Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
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Ansari AF, Jagiasi K, Ojha P, Ansari R, Nagendra S, Kharat S. Proximal Dominant Hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathy with TFG Mutation: First Case Report from India. Neurol India 2022; 70:1220-1222. [PMID: 35864671 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.349586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal predominance (HMSN-P) is a rare degenerative disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. This disease was described first in Japanese descendants from Okinawa and Shiga prefectures in mainland Honshu in 1997. The disease is characterized by adult onset of proximal weakness and atrophy, muscle cramps, fasciculations, areflexia, high incidence of elevated creatine kinase, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus, resembling Kennedy disease, though the mode of inheritance is autosomal dominant, rather than X linked. We examined a 56-year-old male patient with clinical features suggestive of HMSN-P and positive family history in an autosomal dominant fashion. Clinical, electrophysiological, and genetic factors were also reviewed. The appearance of HMSN-P in India and elsewhere calls for clinicians in nonendemic regions to be familiar with this rare disorder, which has typically been geographically confined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afroz F Ansari
- Department of Neurology, Grant Government Medical College and JJ Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kamlesh Jagiasi
- Department of Neurology, Grant Government Medical College and JJ Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pawan Ojha
- Department of Neurology, Grant Government Medical College and JJ Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Raahil Ansari
- Department of Neurology, Grant Government Medical College and JJ Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shashank Nagendra
- Department of Neurology, Grant Government Medical College and JJ Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sumit Kharat
- Department of Neurology, Grant Government Medical College and JJ Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Saffra NA, Emborgo TS, Laureta EC, Kirsch DS, Guarini L. Asymptomatic Retinal Vein Occlusion in a 13-Year-Old With Heterozygous Deletion of the PMP22 Gene and a Diagnosis of Hereditary Neuropathy With Liability to Pressure Palsies. J Neuroophthalmol 2022; 42:e367-e370. [PMID: 33870946 DOI: 10.1097/wno.0000000000001233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Norman A Saffra
- Department of Ophthalmology (NAS), Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Ophthalmology (NAS, TSE, DSK), St. John's Episcopal Hospital, Far Rockaway, New York; Department of Pediatric Neurology (ECL), Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, New York; and Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (LG), Maimonides Children Hospital, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
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13
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刘 梅, 方 朴, 王 严, 丛 璐, 范 洋, 袁 远, 徐 燕, 张 俊, 洪 道. [Clinical, pathological and genetic characteristics of 8 patients with distal hereditary motor neuropathy]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2021; 53:957-963. [PMID: 34650302 PMCID: PMC8517674 DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167x.2021.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN) comprises a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders associated with neurodegeneration of motor nerves and neurons, mainly charac-terized by progressive atrophy and weakness of distal muscle without clinical or electrophysiological sensory abnormalities. To improve the recognition and diagnosis of the disease, we summarized the clinical manifestations, electrophysiological, pathological, and genetic characteristics in eight patients with dHMN. METHODS Eight probands from different families diagnosed with dHMN were recruited in this study between June 2018 and April 2019 at Peking University People's Hospital. Eight patients underwent complete neurological examination and standard electrophysiological examinations. The clinical criteria were consistent with the patients presenting with a pure motor neuropathy with no sensory changes on electrophysiology. The detailed clinical symptoms, neurophysiological examinations, pathological features and gene mutations were analyzed retrospectively. Genetic testing was performed on the eight patients using targeted next-generation sequencing panel for inherited neuromuscular disorder and was combined with segregation analysis. RESULTS The age of onset ranged between 11 and 64 years (median 39.5 years) in our dHMN patients. All the cases showed a slowly progressive disease course, mainly characterized by distal limb muscle weakness and atrophy. The motor nerve conduction revealed decreased compound muscle action potential amplitude and velocity, while the sensory nerve conduction velocities and action potentials were not affected. Needle electromyography indicated neurogenic chronic denervation in all patients. Muscle biopsy performed in two patients demonstrated neurogenic skeletal muscle damage. Sural nerve biopsy was performed in one patient, Semithin sections shows relatively normal density and structure of large myelinated fibers, except very few fibers with thin myelin sheaths, which suggested very mild sensory nerve involvement. Eight different genes known to be associated with dHMN were identified in the patients by next-generation sequencing, pathogenic dHMN mutations were identified in three genes, and the detection rate of confirmed genetic diagnosis of dHMN was 37.5% (3/8). Whereas five variants of uncertain significance (VUS) were identified, among which two novel variants co-segregated the phenotype. CONCLUSION dHMN is a group of inherited peripheral neuropathies with great clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Next-generation sequencing is widely used to discover pathogenic genes in patients with dHMN, but more than half of the patients still remain genetically unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- 梅歌 刘
- 北京大学人民医院神经内科,北京 100044Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - 朴 方
- 南昌大学第一附属医院神经内科,南昌 330006Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - 严 王
- 北京大学人民医院神经内科,北京 100044Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - 璐 丛
- 北京大学人民医院神经内科,北京 100044Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - 洋溢 范
- 北京大学人民医院神经内科,北京 100044Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - 远 袁
- 北京大学人民医院神经内科,北京 100044Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - 燕 徐
- 北京大学人民医院神经内科,北京 100044Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - 俊 张
- 北京大学人民医院神经内科,北京 100044Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - 道俊 洪
- 北京大学人民医院神经内科,北京 100044Department of Neurology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- 南昌大学第一附属医院神经内科,南昌 330006Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
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Salucci S, Bartoletti Stella A, Battistelli M, Burattini S, Bavelloni A, Cocco LI, Gobbi P, Faenza I. How Inflammation Pathways Contribute to Cell Death in Neuro-Muscular Disorders. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1109. [PMID: 34439778 PMCID: PMC8391499 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuro-muscular disorders include a variety of diseases induced by genetic mutations resulting in muscle weakness and waste, swallowing and breathing difficulties. However, muscle alterations and nerve depletions involve specific molecular and cellular mechanisms which lead to the loss of motor-nerve or skeletal-muscle function, often due to an excessive cell death. Morphological and molecular studies demonstrated that a high number of these disorders seem characterized by an upregulated apoptosis which significantly contributes to the pathology. Cell death involvement is the consequence of some cellular processes that occur during diseases, including mitochondrial dysfunction, protein aggregation, free radical generation, excitotoxicity and inflammation. The latter represents an important mediator of disease progression, which, in the central nervous system, is known as neuroinflammation, characterized by reactive microglia and astroglia, as well the infiltration of peripheral monocytes and lymphocytes. Some of the mechanisms underlying inflammation have been linked to reactive oxygen species accumulation, which trigger mitochondrial genomic and respiratory chain instability, autophagy impairment and finally neuron or muscle cell death. This review discusses the main inflammatory pathways contributing to cell death in neuro-muscular disorders by highlighting the main mechanisms, the knowledge of which appears essential in developing therapeutic strategies to prevent the consequent neuron loss and muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Salucci
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DiSB), Urbino University Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.B.); (S.B.); (P.G.)
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.I.C.); (I.F.)
| | - Anna Bartoletti Stella
- Department of Diagnostic Experimental and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Michela Battistelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DiSB), Urbino University Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.B.); (S.B.); (P.G.)
| | - Sabrina Burattini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DiSB), Urbino University Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.B.); (S.B.); (P.G.)
| | - Alberto Bavelloni
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Lucio Ildebrando Cocco
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.I.C.); (I.F.)
| | - Pietro Gobbi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences (DiSB), Urbino University Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.B.); (S.B.); (P.G.)
| | - Irene Faenza
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.I.C.); (I.F.)
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Han L, Huang Y, Nie Y, Li J, Chen G, Tu S, Shen P, Chen C. A novel PMP22 insertion mutation causing Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 3: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25163. [PMID: 33726003 PMCID: PMC7982204 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is a group of hereditary neuropathies with clinical features of muscle atrophy, sensory loss, and foot deformities. CMT is related to a number of genes, such as peripheral myelin protein 22 gene (PMP22). Missense mutations, small deletion mutations, and duplications of PMP22 are common in CMT patients, but few insertion mutation cases of PMP22 have been reported. PATIENT CONCERNS A 26-year-old male patient with the complaint of general weakness, peroneal atrophy, and deformities in the extremities visited our hospital. The patient was born with bilateral thumbs and feet dystonia. Additionally, delayed feet arch development and delayed walking was observed when he was a child. DIAGNOSIS Using whole-exome sequencing and electrophysiological test, we identified a novel insertion mutation of PMP22 (NM_153322, c.54_55insGTGCTG, p.(L19delinsVLL)) in a 26-year-old male patient with peroneal atrophy and nerve conduction was not elicited in electromyography (EMG) study. The Protein Variation Effect Analyzer (PROVEAN) program analysis predicted that the variant is likely to be "deleterious." SWISS-MODEL program predicted that alpha helix in original location was disrupted by inserted 6 bases, which may account for the occurrence of CMT3. INTERVENTIONS The patient received symptomatic and supportive treatments, and routine rehabilitation exercises during hospitalization. OUTCOMES The condition of the patient was improved, but the disease could not be cured. At 1- and 3-months follow-up, manifestations of the patient were unchanged, and he could take care of himself. LESSONS Our findings link a novel PMP22 mutation with a clinical diagnosis of CMT3. The link between gene variation and CMT phenotype may help to reveal the structure and function of PMP22 protein and the pathogenesis of CMT. This study adds further support to the heterogeneity of PMP22 related CMT and provides solid functional evidence for the pathogenicity of the p.(L19delinsVLL) PMP22 variant. Moreover, with the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, the combination of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and conventional Sanger sequencing is becoming one of the comprehensive, inexpensive, and convenient tools for genetic diagnosis of CMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Han
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan
| | - Yanjing Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan
| | - Yuan Nie
- Rehabilitation Center, Qijiang District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 50 Dashi Road of Wenlong Avenue, Chongqing
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan
| | - Shenghao Tu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan
| | - Pan Shen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, China
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16
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Pagnamenta AT, Kaiyrzhanov R, Zou Y, Da'as SI, Maroofian R, Donkervoort S, Dominik N, Lauffer M, Ferla MP, Orioli A, Giess A, Tucci A, Beetz C, Sedghi M, Ansari B, Barresi R, Basiri K, Cortese A, Elgar G, Fernandez-Garcia MA, Yip J, Foley AR, Gutowski N, Jungbluth H, Lassche S, Lavin T, Marcelis C, Marks P, Marini-Bettolo C, Medne L, Moslemi AR, Sarkozy A, Reilly MM, Muntoni F, Millan F, Muraresku CC, Need AC, Nemeth AH, Neuhaus SB, Norwood F, O'Donnell M, O'Driscoll M, Rankin J, Yum SW, Zolkipli-Cunningham Z, Brusius I, Wunderlich G, Karakaya M, Wirth B, Fakhro KA, Tajsharghi H, Bönnemann CG, Taylor JC, Houlden H. An ancestral 10-bp repeat expansion in VWA1 causes recessive hereditary motor neuropathy. Brain 2021; 144:584-600. [PMID: 33559681 PMCID: PMC8263055 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix comprises a network of macromolecules such as collagens, proteoglycans and glycoproteins. VWA1 (von Willebrand factor A domain containing 1) encodes a component of the extracellular matrix that interacts with perlecan/collagen VI, appears to be involved in stabilizing extracellular matrix structures, and demonstrates high expression levels in tibial nerve. Vwa1-deficient mice manifest with abnormal peripheral nerve structure/function; however, VWA1 variants have not previously been associated with human disease. By interrogating the genome sequences of 74 180 individuals from the 100K Genomes Project in combination with international gene-matching efforts and targeted sequencing, we identified 17 individuals from 15 families with an autosomal-recessive, non-length dependent, hereditary motor neuropathy and rare biallelic variants in VWA1. A single disease-associated allele p.(G25Rfs*74), a 10-bp repeat expansion, was observed in 14/15 families and was homozygous in 10/15. Given an allele frequency in European populations approaching 1/1000, the seven unrelated homozygote individuals ascertained from the 100K Genomes Project represents a substantial enrichment above expected. Haplotype analysis identified a shared 220 kb region suggesting that this founder mutation arose >7000 years ago. A wide age-range of patients (6-83 years) helped delineate the clinical phenotype over time. The commonest disease presentation in the cohort was an early-onset (mean 2.0 ± 1.4 years) non-length-dependent axonal hereditary motor neuropathy, confirmed on electrophysiology, which will have to be differentiated from other predominantly or pure motor neuropathies and neuronopathies. Because of slow disease progression, ambulation was largely preserved. Neurophysiology, muscle histopathology, and muscle MRI findings typically revealed clear neurogenic changes with single isolated cases displaying additional myopathic process. We speculate that a few findings of myopathic changes might be secondary to chronic denervation rather than indicating an additional myopathic disease process. Duplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting using patient fibroblasts revealed that the founder allele results in partial nonsense mediated decay and an absence of detectable protein. CRISPR and morpholino vwa1 modelling in zebrafish demonstrated reductions in motor neuron axonal growth, synaptic formation in the skeletal muscles and locomotive behaviour. In summary, we estimate that biallelic variants in VWA1 may be responsible for up to 1% of unexplained hereditary motor neuropathy cases in Europeans. The detailed clinical characterization provided here will facilitate targeted testing on suitable patient cohorts. This novel disease gene may have previously evaded detection because of high GC content, consequential low coverage and computational difficulties associated with robustly detecting repeat-expansions. Reviewing previously unsolved exomes using lower QC filters may generate further diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alistair T Pagnamenta
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rauan Kaiyrzhanov
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Yaqun Zou
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sahar I Da'as
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Reza Maroofian
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Sandra Donkervoort
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Natalia Dominik
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Marlen Lauffer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Institute of Genetics, and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matteo P Ferla
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrea Orioli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Genomics England, London, UK
| | - Adam Giess
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Genomics England, London, UK
| | - Arianna Tucci
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Genomics England, London, UK
| | | | - Maryam Sedghi
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Behnaz Ansari
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Rita Barresi
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK
| | - Keivan Basiri
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Andrea Cortese
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Greg Elgar
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Genomics England, London, UK
| | - Miguel A Fernandez-Garcia
- Department of Paediatric Neurology - Neuromuscular Service, Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Janice Yip
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - A Reghan Foley
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nicholas Gutowski
- Department of Neurology, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Heinz Jungbluth
- Department of Paediatric Neurology - Neuromuscular Service, Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics Muscle Signalling Section, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Saskia Lassche
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Lavin
- Department of Neurology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Carlo Marcelis
- Department of Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Marks
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service and Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Chiara Marini-Bettolo
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK
| | - Livija Medne
- Divisions of Neurology and Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ali-Reza Moslemi
- Department of Pathology, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Anna Sarkozy
- The Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, and Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, UK
| | - Mary M Reilly
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- The Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, and Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Colleen C Muraresku
- Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anna C Need
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Genomics England, London, UK
| | - Andrea H Nemeth
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah B Neuhaus
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fiona Norwood
- Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Marie O'Donnell
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service and Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mary O'Driscoll
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service and Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Julia Rankin
- Peninsula Clinical Genetics Service, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Sabrina W Yum
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zarazuela Zolkipli-Cunningham
- Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Isabell Brusius
- Institute of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Institute of Genetics, and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gilbert Wunderlich
- Department of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mert Karakaya
- Institute of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Institute of Genetics, and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Brunhilde Wirth
- Institute of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Institute of Genetics, and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Khalid A Fakhro
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | - Homa Tajsharghi
- School of Health Science, Division Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Skovde, Sweden
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jenny C Taylor
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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17
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Antona V, Scalia F, Giorgio E, Radio FC, Brusco A, Oliveri M, Corsello G, Lo Celso F, Vadalà M, Conway de Macario E, Macario AJL, Cappello F, Giuffrè M. A Novel CCT5 Missense Variant Associated with Early Onset Motor Neuropathy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207631. [PMID: 33076433 PMCID: PMC7589105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Diseases associated with acquired or genetic defects in members of the chaperoning system (CS) are increasingly found and have been collectively termed chaperonopathies. Illustrative instances of genetic chaperonopathies involve the genes for chaperonins of Groups I (e.g., Heat shock protein 60, Hsp60) and II (e.g., Chaperonin Containing T-Complex polypeptide 1, CCT). Examples of the former are hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 4 (HLD4 or MitCHAP60) and hereditary spastic paraplegia (SPG13). A distal sensory mutilating neuropathy has been linked to a mutation [p.(His147Arg)] in subunit 5 of the CCT5 gene. Here, we describe a new possibly pathogenic variant [p.(Leu224Val)] of the same subunit but with a different phenotype. This yet undescribed disease affects a girl with early onset demyelinating neuropathy and a severe motor disability. By whole exome sequencing (WES), we identified a homozygous CCT5 c.670C>G p.(Leu224Val) variant in the CCT5 gene. In silico 3D-structure analysis and bioinformatics indicated that this variant could undergo abnormal conformation and could be pathogenic. We compared the patient’s clinical, neurophysiological and laboratory data with those from patients carrying p.(His147Arg) in the equatorial domain. Our patient presented signs and symptoms absent in the p.(His147Arg) cases. Molecular dynamics simulation and modelling showed that the Leu224Val mutation that occurs in the CCT5 intermediate domain near the apical domain induces a conformational change in the latter. Noteworthy is the striking difference between the phenotypes putatively linked to mutations in the same CCT subunit but located in different structural domains, offering a unique opportunity for elucidating their distinctive roles in health and disease
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Antona
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (V.A.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Federica Scalia
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (F.S.); (M.V.)
- Department of Biomolecular Strategies, Genetics and Advanced Therapies, Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Elisa Giorgio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (E.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Francesca C. Radio
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCSS, 00146 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alfredo Brusco
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (E.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Massimiliano Oliveri
- Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Corsello
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (V.A.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Fabrizio Lo Celso
- Department of Physics and Chemistry—Emilio Segrè, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
- Ionic Liquids Laboratory, Institute of Structure of Matter, Italian National Research Council (ISM-CNR), 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Vadalà
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (F.S.); (M.V.)
- Department of Biomolecular Strategies, Genetics and Advanced Therapies, Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Everly Conway de Macario
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore-Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), Baltimore, MD 21202, USA;
| | - Alberto J. L. Macario
- Department of Biomolecular Strategies, Genetics and Advanced Therapies, Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore-Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), Baltimore, MD 21202, USA;
| | - Francesco Cappello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (F.S.); (M.V.)
- Department of Biomolecular Strategies, Genetics and Advanced Therapies, Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Mario Giuffrè
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (V.A.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
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Shchagina OA, Milovidova TB, Murtazina AF, Rudenskaya GE, Nikitin SS, Dadali EL, Polyakov AV. HINT1 gene pathogenic variants: the most common cause of recessive hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies in Russian patients. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:1331-1337. [PMID: 31848916 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05238-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in the HINT1 gene lead to hereditary axonopathy with neuromyotonia. However, many studies show that neuromyotonia may remain undiagnosed, while axonopathy is the major clinical finding. The most common cause of neuromyotonia and axonopathy, especially in patients of Slavic origin, is a c.110G>C (p.Arg37Pro) pathogenic variant in homozygous or compound heterozygous state. In this study, we analyzed a peripheral neuropathy caused by pathogenic variants in the HINT1 gene and evaluated its contribution to the hereditary neuropathy structure. The studied group included 1596 non-related families diagnosed with hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy (HMSN). The results show that HINT1 gene pathogenic variants make a significant contribution to the hereditary neuropathy epidemiology in Russian patients. They account for at least 1.9% of all HMSN cases and 9% of axonopathy cases. The most common HINT1 pathogenic variant in Russian patients is the c.110G>C (p.Arg37Pro) substitution. Its allelic frequency is 0.2% (95% CI 0.19-0.21%), carrier frequency is 1 in 250 people in Russian Federation, and the estimated disease incidence is 1 in 234,000 individuals. It was determined that the cause of this pathogenic variant's prevalence is the founder effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Shchagina
- Laboratory of DNA Diagnostics, Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Diagnosis №1 of Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 1 Moskvorechie St., Moscow, Russia, 115522
| | - T B Milovidova
- Laboratory of DNA Diagnostics of Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 1 Moskvorechie St, Moscow, Russia, 115522
| | - A F Murtazina
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 1 Moskvorechie St., Moscow, Russia, 115522.
| | - G E Rudenskaya
- Scientific and Medical Department of Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 1 Moskvorechie St., Moscow, Russia, 115522
| | - S S Nikitin
- Association of Neuromuscular Disorders Specialists, Build. 2, 17 Krzhizhanovskogo St., Moscow, Russia, 117258
| | - E L Dadali
- Scientific and Medical Department of Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 1 Moskvorechie St., Moscow, Russia, 115522
| | - A V Polyakov
- Laboratory of DNA Diagnostics of Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 1 Moskvorechie St, Moscow, Russia, 115522
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Jouaud M, Mathis S, Richard L, Lia AS, Magy L, Vallat JM. Rodent models with expression of PMP22: Relevance to dysmyelinating CMT and HNPP. J Neurol Sci 2019; 398:79-90. [PMID: 30685714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Charcot-Marie-Tooth diseases (CMT) are due to abnormalities of many genes, the most frequent being linked to PMP22 (Peripheral Myelin Protein 22). In the past, only spontaneous genetic anomalies occurring in mouse mutants such as Trembler (Tr) mice were available; more recently, several rodent models have been generated for exploration of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these neuropathies. METHODS Based on the personal experience of our team, we describe here the pathological hallmarks of most of these animal models and compare them to the pathological features observed in some CMT patient nerves (CMT types 1A and E; hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies, HNPP). RESULTS We describe clinical data and detailed pathological analysis mainly by electron microscopy of the sciatic nerves of these animal models conducted in our laboratory; lesions of PMP22 deficient animals (KO and mutated PMP22) and PMP22 overexpressed models are described and compared to ultrastructural anomalies of nerve biopsies from CMT patients due to PMP22 gene anomalies. It is of note that while there are some similarities, there are also significant differences between the lesions in animal models and human cases. Such observations highlight the complex roles played by PMP22 in nerve development. CONCLUSION It should be borne in mind that we require additional correlations between animal models of hereditary neuropathies and CMT patients to rationalize the development of efficient drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Jouaud
- Equipe d'accueil 6309, Maintenance myélinique et Neuropathies périphériques, University of Limoges, 2 rue du Docteur Raymond Marcland, 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Stéphane Mathis
- Department of Neurology, Nerve-Muscle Unit, CHU Bordeaux (Pellegrin University Hospital), place Amélie Raba-Léon, 33000 Bordeaux, France; National Reference Center 'maladies neuromusculaires du Grand Sud-ouest', CHU Bordeaux (Pellegrin University Hospital), place Amélie Raba-Léon, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Laurence Richard
- Department of Neurology, CHU Limoges, Dupuytren University Hospital, 2 avenue Martin Luther King, 87042 Limoges, France; National Reference Center for 'Rare Peripheral Neuropathies', CHU Limoges, Dupuytren University Hospital, 2 avenue Martin Luther King, 87042 Limoges, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Lia
- Equipe d'accueil 6309, Maintenance myélinique et Neuropathies périphériques, University of Limoges, 2 rue du Docteur Raymond Marcland, 87000 Limoges, France; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, CHU Limoges, Dupuytren University Hospital, 2 avenue Martin Luther King, 87042 Limoges, France
| | - Laurent Magy
- Department of Neurology, CHU Limoges, Dupuytren University Hospital, 2 avenue Martin Luther King, 87042 Limoges, France; National Reference Center for 'Rare Peripheral Neuropathies', CHU Limoges, Dupuytren University Hospital, 2 avenue Martin Luther King, 87042 Limoges, France
| | - Jean-Michel Vallat
- Department of Neurology, CHU Limoges, Dupuytren University Hospital, 2 avenue Martin Luther King, 87042 Limoges, France; National Reference Center for 'Rare Peripheral Neuropathies', CHU Limoges, Dupuytren University Hospital, 2 avenue Martin Luther King, 87042 Limoges, France.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary Neuropathy with liability to Pressure Palsies (HNPP) is an autosomal dominant neuropathy, associated with deletion of the Peripheral Myelin Protein-22 (PMP-22) gene, causing recurrent painless palsies with age of onset between 10 and 30 years old. Only a few cases of Type 2 Diabetes and HNPP have been described and the coexistence of HNPP and Type 1 diabetes has never been reported. CASE REPORT A 54-year old man with a history of Type 1 diabetes, managed with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), presented with deterioration of long-standing motor and sensory symptoms, previously attributed to golfer's elbow, diabetic neuropathy and spinal degenerative disease. He had multilevel severe spine degenerative changes and L4/L5 and L5/S1 root impingements with a L4/L5 discectomy performed when he was 25 years old. On physical examination he had normal power and distal hypoaesthesia of the digits and plantar aspect of the feet. Investigations revealed normal full blood count, liver and renal function, electrolytes, vitamin B12 and serum folate. He suffered from primary hypothyroidism and thyroid function tests indicated adequate levothyroxine replacement. Nerve conduction studies revealed a generalized demyelinating sensorimotor neuropathy, with more severe involvement of nerves over entrapment sites. Further history that his father suffered from episodes of weakness and numbness was elicited. Genetic analysis revealed one copy of the PMP22 gene at 17p11.2 confirming the diagnosis of HNPP. CONCLUSION In people with diabetes the evaluation of peripheral neuropathy should include a careful history, a comprehensive physical examination, blood tests and in some cases nerve conduction studies and genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Maltese
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - S V Tan
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology and Epilepsies, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - E Bruno
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology and Epilepsies, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - A Brackenridge
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - S Thomas
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Trust, London, UK
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21
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Bansagi B, Phan V, Baker MR, O'Sullivan J, Jennings MJ, Whittaker RG, Müller JS, Duff J, Griffin H, Miller JAL, Gorman GS, Lochmüller H, Chinnery PF, Roos A, Swan LE, Horvath R. Multifocal demyelinating motor neuropathy and hamartoma syndrome associated with a de novo PTEN mutation. Neurology 2018; 90:e1842-e1848. [PMID: 29720545 PMCID: PMC5962916 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000005566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe a patient with a multifocal demyelinating motor neuropathy with onset in childhood and a mutation in phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a tumor suppressor gene associated with inherited tumor susceptibility conditions, macrocephaly, autism, ataxia, tremor, and epilepsy. Functional implications of this protein have been investigated in Parkinson and Alzheimer diseases. METHODS We performed whole-exome sequencing in the patient's genomic DNA validated by Sanger sequencing. Immunoblotting, in vitro enzymatic assay, and label-free shotgun proteomic profiling were performed in the patient's fibroblasts. RESULTS The predominant clinical presentation of the patient was a childhood onset, asymmetric progressive multifocal motor neuropathy. In addition, he presented with macrocephaly, autism spectrum disorder, and skin hamartomas, considered as clinical criteria for PTEN-related hamartoma tumor syndrome. Extensive tumor screening did not detect any malignancies. We detected a novel de novo heterozygous c.269T>C, p.(Phe90Ser) PTEN variant, which was absent in both parents. The pathogenicity of the variant is supported by altered expression of several PTEN-associated proteins involved in tumorigenesis. Moreover, fibroblasts showed a defect in catalytic activity of PTEN against the secondary substrate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4-trisphosphate. In support of our findings, focal hypermyelination leading to peripheral neuropathy has been reported in PTEN-deficient mice. CONCLUSION We describe a novel phenotype, PTEN-associated multifocal demyelinating motor neuropathy with a skin hamartoma syndrome. A similar mechanism may potentially underlie other forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with involvement of the phosphatidylinositol pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boglarka Bansagi
- From the Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research (G.S.G.), Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., M.J., J.S.M., J.D., H.G., H.L., P.F.C., A.R., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (M.R.B., R.G.W., G.S.G.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Leibniz-Institute für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V. (V.P., A.R.), Dortmund, Germany; Departments of Neurology (M.R.B., J.A.L.M., G.S.G.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (M.R.B., R.G.W., R.H.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology (J.O., L.E.S.), Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK; Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders (H.L.), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; and Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG) (H.L.), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vietxuan Phan
- From the Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research (G.S.G.), Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., M.J., J.S.M., J.D., H.G., H.L., P.F.C., A.R., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (M.R.B., R.G.W., G.S.G.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Leibniz-Institute für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V. (V.P., A.R.), Dortmund, Germany; Departments of Neurology (M.R.B., J.A.L.M., G.S.G.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (M.R.B., R.G.W., R.H.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology (J.O., L.E.S.), Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK; Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders (H.L.), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; and Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG) (H.L.), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mark R Baker
- From the Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research (G.S.G.), Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., M.J., J.S.M., J.D., H.G., H.L., P.F.C., A.R., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (M.R.B., R.G.W., G.S.G.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Leibniz-Institute für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V. (V.P., A.R.), Dortmund, Germany; Departments of Neurology (M.R.B., J.A.L.M., G.S.G.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (M.R.B., R.G.W., R.H.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology (J.O., L.E.S.), Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK; Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders (H.L.), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; and Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG) (H.L.), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia O'Sullivan
- From the Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research (G.S.G.), Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., M.J., J.S.M., J.D., H.G., H.L., P.F.C., A.R., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (M.R.B., R.G.W., G.S.G.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Leibniz-Institute für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V. (V.P., A.R.), Dortmund, Germany; Departments of Neurology (M.R.B., J.A.L.M., G.S.G.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (M.R.B., R.G.W., R.H.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology (J.O., L.E.S.), Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK; Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders (H.L.), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; and Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG) (H.L.), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matthew J Jennings
- From the Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research (G.S.G.), Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., M.J., J.S.M., J.D., H.G., H.L., P.F.C., A.R., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (M.R.B., R.G.W., G.S.G.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Leibniz-Institute für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V. (V.P., A.R.), Dortmund, Germany; Departments of Neurology (M.R.B., J.A.L.M., G.S.G.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (M.R.B., R.G.W., R.H.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology (J.O., L.E.S.), Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK; Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders (H.L.), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; and Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG) (H.L.), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger G Whittaker
- From the Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research (G.S.G.), Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., M.J., J.S.M., J.D., H.G., H.L., P.F.C., A.R., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (M.R.B., R.G.W., G.S.G.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Leibniz-Institute für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V. (V.P., A.R.), Dortmund, Germany; Departments of Neurology (M.R.B., J.A.L.M., G.S.G.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (M.R.B., R.G.W., R.H.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology (J.O., L.E.S.), Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK; Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders (H.L.), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; and Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG) (H.L.), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juliane S Müller
- From the Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research (G.S.G.), Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., M.J., J.S.M., J.D., H.G., H.L., P.F.C., A.R., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (M.R.B., R.G.W., G.S.G.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Leibniz-Institute für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V. (V.P., A.R.), Dortmund, Germany; Departments of Neurology (M.R.B., J.A.L.M., G.S.G.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (M.R.B., R.G.W., R.H.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology (J.O., L.E.S.), Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK; Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders (H.L.), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; and Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG) (H.L.), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jennifer Duff
- From the Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research (G.S.G.), Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., M.J., J.S.M., J.D., H.G., H.L., P.F.C., A.R., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (M.R.B., R.G.W., G.S.G.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Leibniz-Institute für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V. (V.P., A.R.), Dortmund, Germany; Departments of Neurology (M.R.B., J.A.L.M., G.S.G.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (M.R.B., R.G.W., R.H.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology (J.O., L.E.S.), Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK; Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders (H.L.), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; and Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG) (H.L.), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helen Griffin
- From the Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research (G.S.G.), Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., M.J., J.S.M., J.D., H.G., H.L., P.F.C., A.R., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (M.R.B., R.G.W., G.S.G.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Leibniz-Institute für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V. (V.P., A.R.), Dortmund, Germany; Departments of Neurology (M.R.B., J.A.L.M., G.S.G.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (M.R.B., R.G.W., R.H.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology (J.O., L.E.S.), Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK; Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders (H.L.), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; and Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG) (H.L.), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - James A L Miller
- From the Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research (G.S.G.), Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., M.J., J.S.M., J.D., H.G., H.L., P.F.C., A.R., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (M.R.B., R.G.W., G.S.G.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Leibniz-Institute für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V. (V.P., A.R.), Dortmund, Germany; Departments of Neurology (M.R.B., J.A.L.M., G.S.G.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (M.R.B., R.G.W., R.H.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology (J.O., L.E.S.), Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK; Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders (H.L.), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; and Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG) (H.L.), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Grainne S Gorman
- From the Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research (G.S.G.), Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., M.J., J.S.M., J.D., H.G., H.L., P.F.C., A.R., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (M.R.B., R.G.W., G.S.G.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Leibniz-Institute für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V. (V.P., A.R.), Dortmund, Germany; Departments of Neurology (M.R.B., J.A.L.M., G.S.G.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (M.R.B., R.G.W., R.H.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology (J.O., L.E.S.), Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK; Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders (H.L.), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; and Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG) (H.L.), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- From the Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research (G.S.G.), Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., M.J., J.S.M., J.D., H.G., H.L., P.F.C., A.R., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (M.R.B., R.G.W., G.S.G.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Leibniz-Institute für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V. (V.P., A.R.), Dortmund, Germany; Departments of Neurology (M.R.B., J.A.L.M., G.S.G.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (M.R.B., R.G.W., R.H.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology (J.O., L.E.S.), Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK; Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders (H.L.), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; and Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG) (H.L.), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patrick F Chinnery
- From the Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research (G.S.G.), Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., M.J., J.S.M., J.D., H.G., H.L., P.F.C., A.R., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (M.R.B., R.G.W., G.S.G.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Leibniz-Institute für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V. (V.P., A.R.), Dortmund, Germany; Departments of Neurology (M.R.B., J.A.L.M., G.S.G.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (M.R.B., R.G.W., R.H.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology (J.O., L.E.S.), Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK; Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders (H.L.), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; and Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG) (H.L.), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreas Roos
- From the Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research (G.S.G.), Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., M.J., J.S.M., J.D., H.G., H.L., P.F.C., A.R., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (M.R.B., R.G.W., G.S.G.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Leibniz-Institute für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V. (V.P., A.R.), Dortmund, Germany; Departments of Neurology (M.R.B., J.A.L.M., G.S.G.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (M.R.B., R.G.W., R.H.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology (J.O., L.E.S.), Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK; Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders (H.L.), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; and Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG) (H.L.), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura E Swan
- From the Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research (G.S.G.), Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., M.J., J.S.M., J.D., H.G., H.L., P.F.C., A.R., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (M.R.B., R.G.W., G.S.G.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Leibniz-Institute für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V. (V.P., A.R.), Dortmund, Germany; Departments of Neurology (M.R.B., J.A.L.M., G.S.G.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (M.R.B., R.G.W., R.H.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology (J.O., L.E.S.), Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK; Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders (H.L.), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; and Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG) (H.L.), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rita Horvath
- From the Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research (G.S.G.), Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., M.J., J.S.M., J.D., H.G., H.L., P.F.C., A.R., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (M.R.B., R.G.W., G.S.G.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Leibniz-Institute für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V. (V.P., A.R.), Dortmund, Germany; Departments of Neurology (M.R.B., J.A.L.M., G.S.G.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (M.R.B., R.G.W., R.H.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology (J.O., L.E.S.), Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK; Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders (H.L.), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; and Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG) (H.L.), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.
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ALMENDRA LUCIANO, LARANJEIRA FRANCISCO, FERNÁNDEZ-MARMIESSE ANA, NEGRÃO LUÍS. SIGMAR1 gene mutation causing Distal Hereditary Motor Neuropathy in a Portuguese family. Acta Myol 2018; 37:2-4. [PMID: 30079398 PMCID: PMC6060428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
SIGMAR1 gene encodes a non-opioid endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein which is involved in a large diversity of cell functions and is expressed ubiquitously in both central and peripheral nervous systems. Alterations of its normal function may contribute to two different phenotypes: juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS 16) and distal hereditary motor neuropathies (dHMN). We present the case of a female patient, of 37-years-old, with distal muscle weakness and atrophy beginning in childhood and slowly progressive in the first two decades of life. Neurological examination revealed a symmetrical severe muscle wasting and weakness in distal lower and upper limbs, with claw hands, footdrop with equinovarus deformity and hammer toes, generalized areflexia and normal sensory examination. The electrodiagnostic study revealed a pure chronic motor peripheral nerve involvement without signs of demyelination. The molecular study found the deletion c.561_576del on exon 4 and a deletion of all exon 4, in the SIGMAR1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- LUCIANO ALMENDRA
- Consulta de Doenças Neuromusculares, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - ANA FERNÁNDEZ-MARMIESSE
- Unidad de Diagnóstico y Tratamiento de Enfermidades Metabolicas Congénitas (UDyTEMC), Hospital Clínico Universitário de Santiago de Compostela
| | - LUÍS NEGRÃO
- Consulta de Doenças Neuromusculares, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
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23
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Cutrupi AN, Brewer MH, Nicholson GA, Kennerson M. Structural variations causing inherited peripheral neuropathies: A paradigm for understanding genomic organization, chromatin interactions, and gene dysregulation. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2018; 6:422-433. [PMID: 29573232 PMCID: PMC6014456 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited peripheral neuropathies (IPNs) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of diseases affecting the motor and sensory peripheral nerves. IPNs have benefited from gene discovery and genetic diagnosis using next-generation sequencing with over 80 causative genes available for testing. Despite this success, up to 50% of cases remain genetically unsolved. In the absence of protein coding mutations, noncoding DNA or structural variation (SV) mutations are a possible explanation. The most common IPN, Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy type 1A (CMT1A), is caused by a 1.5 Mb duplication causing trisomy of the dosage sensitive gene PMP22. Using genome sequencing, we recently identified two large genomic rearrangements causing IPN subtypes X-linked CMT (CMTX3) and distal hereditary motor neuropathy (DHMN1), thereby expanding the spectrum of SV mutations causing IPN. Understanding how newly discovered SVs can cause IPN may serve as a useful paradigm to examine the role of topologically associated domains (TADs), chromatin interactions, and gene dysregulation in disease. This review will describe the growing role of SV in the pathogenesis of IPN and the importance of considering this type of mutation in Mendelian diseases where protein coding mutations cannot be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony N. Cutrupi
- Northcott Neuroscience LaboratoryANZAC Research InstituteSydneyNSWAustralia
- Sydney Medical SchoolUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Megan H. Brewer
- Northcott Neuroscience LaboratoryANZAC Research InstituteSydneyNSWAustralia
- Sydney Medical SchoolUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Garth A. Nicholson
- Northcott Neuroscience LaboratoryANZAC Research InstituteSydneyNSWAustralia
- Sydney Medical SchoolUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Molecular Medicine LaboratoryConcord HospitalSydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Marina L. Kennerson
- Northcott Neuroscience LaboratoryANZAC Research InstituteSydneyNSWAustralia
- Sydney Medical SchoolUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Molecular Medicine LaboratoryConcord HospitalSydneyNSWAustralia
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24
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Saifullina EV, Magzhanov RV, Khidiyatova IM, Khusnutdinova EK. [Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of hereditary motor-sensory neuropathy 1X caused by the mutation c. 259C> G (p. P87A) in the GJB1 gene of patients from the Republic of Bashkortostan]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2017; 117:80-84. [PMID: 28399101 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20171173180-84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary motor-sensory neuropathy 1X (НМСН 1X) is the second frequent form of hereditary motor-sensory neuropathies caused by mutations in the GJB1 gene (gap junction B1 type). The authors have established earlier that the с.259C>G (р.P87A) mutation is the most frequent cause of НМСН 1Х (92%) in patients from the Republic of Bashkortostan. AIM To study in details the territorial ethnic distribution and clinical manifestations of the с.259C>G (р.P87A) in the GJB1 gene in patients with НМСН 1Х from the Republic of Bashkortostan. MATERIAL AND METHODS Clinical/neurological data were assessed in 52 patients (32 men and 20 women) from 13 families with this НМСН 1Х mutation in accordance to the diagnostic criteria of the European neuromuscular center. Twenty-three patients underwent standard electroneuromyographic study ('Nicolet Viking quest') using cutaneous electrodes. Data analysis was performed with Statistica ver.6.0 ('Stat Soft, Inc.', 2003) software. RESULTS The с.259C>G (р.P87A) mutation was more frequent in Bashkir (61%) and Russian (31%) families from 6 areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The age-at-onset was 13.24±4.33 years in men. In women, the age-at-onset varied from 7 to 45 years, it was difficult to detect this parameter in several patients due to the absence of complaints and symptoms of disease. A comparative analysis revealed the higher degree of peripheral nerve lesions in men compared to women. There was the distinct difference in electrophysiological parameters (excitation spreading velocity and M-response amplitude) along motor fibers of the middle nerves between men and women that indicated the predominantly demyelinating character of the pathological process in men and the axonal character in women. CONCLUSION Clear clinical/electrophysiological sex differences (intra- and inter family) were shown in patients with НМСН IX with the с.259C>G (р.P87A) mutation in the GJB1 gene. The disease was less severe and often with the absence of symptoms in women. Genetic testing for mutations in the GJB1 gene, including the с.259C>G (р.P87A) mutation, can be recommended to female patients with excitation spreading velocity >38m/s.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - I M Khidiyatova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics Ufa Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - E K Khusnutdinova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics Ufa Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
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25
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Abstract
A 17-year-old man with no familial history developed motor and sensory disturbance of the left upper limb a few days after starting push-up exercise. Neurological examination revealed broad weakness and radial sensory disturbance of the left upper limb and magnetic resonance neurography showed laterality of brachial plexus intensity signals. Therefore, we suspected left brachial plexopathy. However, a nerve conduction study showed a broad disturbance that could not be explained by only brachial plexopathy. Genetic tests revealed a diagnosis of hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP). HNPP should be included in the differential diagnosis for neuropathy due to slight exercise or nerve compression even when familial history is negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Nakamura
- Department of Neurology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Yusuke Seino
- Department of Neurology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Mikio Shoji
- Department of Neurology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine
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26
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Perez Y, Shorer Z, Liani-Leibson K, Chabosseau P, Kadir R, Volodarsky M, Halperin D, Barber-Zucker S, Shalev H, Schreiber R, Gradstein L, Gurevich E, Zarivach R, Rutter GA, Landau D, Birk OS. SLC30A9 mutation affecting intracellular zinc homeostasis causes a novel cerebro-renal syndrome. Brain 2017; 140:928-939. [PMID: 28334855 PMCID: PMC5837213 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awx013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel autosomal recessive cerebro-renal syndrome was identified in consanguineous Bedouin kindred: neurological deterioration was evident as of early age, progressing into severe intellectual disability, profound ataxia, camptocormia and oculomotor apraxia. Brain MRI was normal. Four of the six affected individuals also had early-onset nephropathy with features of tubulo-interstitial nephritis, hypertension and tendency for hyperkalemia, though none had rapid deterioration of renal function. Genome wide linkage analysis identified an ∼18 Mb disease-associated locus on chromosome 4 (maximal logarithm of odds score 4.4 at D4S2971; θ = 0). Whole exome sequencing identified a single mutation in SLC30A9 within this locus, segregating as expected within the kindred and not found in a homozygous state in 300 Bedouin controls. We showed that SLC30A9 (solute carrier family 30 member 9; also known as ZnT-9) is ubiquitously expressed with high levels in cerebellum, skeletal muscle, thymus and kidney. Confocal analysis of SH-SY5Y cells overexpressing SLC30A9 fused to enhanced green fluorescent protein demonstrated vesicular cytosolic localization associated with the endoplasmic reticulum, not co-localizing with endosomal or Golgi markers. SLC30A9 encodes a putative zinc transporter (by similarity) previously associated with Wnt signalling. However, using dual-luciferase reporter assay in SH-SY5Y cells we showed that Wnt signalling was not affected by the mutation. Based on protein modelling, the identified mutation is expected to affect SLC30A9's highly conserved cation efflux domain, putatively disrupting its transmembrane helix structure. Cytosolic Zn2+ measurements in HEK293 cells overexpressing wild-type and mutant SLC30A9 showed lower zinc concentration within mutant rather than wild-type SLC30A9 cells. This suggests that SLC30A9 has zinc transport properties affecting intracellular zinc homeostasis, and that the molecular mechanism of the disease is through defective function of this novel activity of SLC30A9 rather than by a defect in its previously described role in transcriptional activation of Wnt signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonatan Perez
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics, National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Zamir Shorer
- Pediatric Neurology unit, Division of Pediatrics, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Keren Liani-Leibson
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics, National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Pauline Chabosseau
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Rotem Kadir
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics, National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Michael Volodarsky
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics, National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Daniel Halperin
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics, National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Shiran Barber-Zucker
- Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 8410501, Israel
| | - Hanna Shalev
- Pediatric Nephology unit, Division of Pediatrics, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Ruth Schreiber
- Pediatric Nephology unit, Division of Pediatrics, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Libe Gradstein
- Department of Ophthalmolgy, Soroka Medical Center and Clalit Health Services, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, BeerSheva 84105, Israel
| | - Evgenia Gurevich
- Pediatric Nephology unit, Division of Pediatrics, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Raz Zarivach
- Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 8410501, Israel
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Daniel Landau
- Pediatric Nephology unit, Division of Pediatrics, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Ohad S Birk
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics, National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
- Genetics Institute, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84101, Israel
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27
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Weis J, Claeys KG, Roos A, Azzedine H, Katona I, Schröder JM, Senderek J. Towards a functional pathology of hereditary neuropathies. Acta Neuropathol 2017; 133:493-515. [PMID: 27896434 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-016-1645-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of hereditary neuropathies have been assigned to causative gene defects in recent years. The study of human nerve biopsy samples has contributed substantially to the discovery of many of these neuropathy genes. Genotype-phenotype correlations based on peripheral nerve pathology have provided a comprehensive picture of the consequences of these mutations. Intriguingly, several gene defects lead to distinguishable lesion patterns that can be studied in nerve biopsies. These characteristic features include the loss of certain nerve fiber populations and a large spectrum of distinct structural changes of axons, Schwann cells and other components of peripheral nerves. In several instances the lesion patterns are directly or indirectly linked to the known functions of the mutated gene. The present review is designed to provide an overview on these characteristic patterns. It also considers other aspects important for the manifestation and pathology of hereditary neuropathies including the role of inflammation, effects of chemotherapeutic agents and alterations detectable in skin biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Weis
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Kristl G Claeys
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven and University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andreas Roos
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Otto-Hahn-Str. 6b, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Hamid Azzedine
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Istvan Katona
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - J Michael Schröder
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jan Senderek
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Ziemssenstr. 1a, 80336, Munich, Germany.
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28
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Bansagi B, Griffin H, Whittaker RG, Antoniadi T, Evangelista T, Miller J, Greenslade M, Forester N, Duff J, Bradshaw A, Kleinle S, Boczonadi V, Steele H, Ramesh V, Franko E, Pyle A, Lochmüller H, Chinnery PF, Horvath R. Genetic heterogeneity of motor neuropathies. Neurology 2017; 88:1226-1234. [PMID: 28251916 PMCID: PMC5373778 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000003772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence, molecular cause, and clinical presentation of hereditary motor neuropathies in a large cohort of patients from the North of England. METHODS Detailed neurologic and electrophysiologic assessments and next-generation panel testing or whole exome sequencing were performed in 105 patients with clinical symptoms of distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN, 64 patients), axonal motor neuropathy (motor Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease [CMT2], 16 patients), or complex neurologic disease predominantly affecting the motor nerves (hereditary motor neuropathy plus, 25 patients). RESULTS The prevalence of dHMN is 2.14 affected individuals per 100,000 inhabitants (95% confidence interval 1.62-2.66) in the North of England. Causative mutations were identified in 26 out of 73 index patients (35.6%). The diagnostic rate in the dHMN subgroup was 32.5%, which is higher than previously reported (20%). We detected a significant defect of neuromuscular transmission in 7 cases and identified potentially causative mutations in 4 patients with multifocal demyelinating motor neuropathy. CONCLUSIONS Many of the genes were shared between dHMN and motor CMT2, indicating identical disease mechanisms; therefore, we suggest changing the classification and including dHMN also as a subcategory of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Abnormal neuromuscular transmission in some genetic forms provides a treatable target to develop therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boglarka Bansagi
- From the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., H.G., T.E., J.D., A.B., V.B., H.S., E.F., A.P., H.L., P.F.C., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (R.G.W., J.M.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne; Bristol Genetics Laboratory (T.A., M.G., N.F.), Pathology Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital; Medical Genetic Center (S.K.), Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatric Neurology (V.R.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Foundation Hospitals NHS Trust; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (E.F.), University of Oxford; and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Helen Griffin
- From the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., H.G., T.E., J.D., A.B., V.B., H.S., E.F., A.P., H.L., P.F.C., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (R.G.W., J.M.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne; Bristol Genetics Laboratory (T.A., M.G., N.F.), Pathology Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital; Medical Genetic Center (S.K.), Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatric Neurology (V.R.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Foundation Hospitals NHS Trust; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (E.F.), University of Oxford; and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Roger G Whittaker
- From the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., H.G., T.E., J.D., A.B., V.B., H.S., E.F., A.P., H.L., P.F.C., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (R.G.W., J.M.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne; Bristol Genetics Laboratory (T.A., M.G., N.F.), Pathology Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital; Medical Genetic Center (S.K.), Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatric Neurology (V.R.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Foundation Hospitals NHS Trust; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (E.F.), University of Oxford; and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Thalia Antoniadi
- From the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., H.G., T.E., J.D., A.B., V.B., H.S., E.F., A.P., H.L., P.F.C., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (R.G.W., J.M.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne; Bristol Genetics Laboratory (T.A., M.G., N.F.), Pathology Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital; Medical Genetic Center (S.K.), Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatric Neurology (V.R.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Foundation Hospitals NHS Trust; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (E.F.), University of Oxford; and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Teresinha Evangelista
- From the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., H.G., T.E., J.D., A.B., V.B., H.S., E.F., A.P., H.L., P.F.C., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (R.G.W., J.M.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne; Bristol Genetics Laboratory (T.A., M.G., N.F.), Pathology Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital; Medical Genetic Center (S.K.), Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatric Neurology (V.R.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Foundation Hospitals NHS Trust; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (E.F.), University of Oxford; and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - James Miller
- From the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., H.G., T.E., J.D., A.B., V.B., H.S., E.F., A.P., H.L., P.F.C., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (R.G.W., J.M.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne; Bristol Genetics Laboratory (T.A., M.G., N.F.), Pathology Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital; Medical Genetic Center (S.K.), Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatric Neurology (V.R.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Foundation Hospitals NHS Trust; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (E.F.), University of Oxford; and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark Greenslade
- From the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., H.G., T.E., J.D., A.B., V.B., H.S., E.F., A.P., H.L., P.F.C., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (R.G.W., J.M.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne; Bristol Genetics Laboratory (T.A., M.G., N.F.), Pathology Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital; Medical Genetic Center (S.K.), Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatric Neurology (V.R.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Foundation Hospitals NHS Trust; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (E.F.), University of Oxford; and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Natalie Forester
- From the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., H.G., T.E., J.D., A.B., V.B., H.S., E.F., A.P., H.L., P.F.C., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (R.G.W., J.M.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne; Bristol Genetics Laboratory (T.A., M.G., N.F.), Pathology Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital; Medical Genetic Center (S.K.), Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatric Neurology (V.R.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Foundation Hospitals NHS Trust; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (E.F.), University of Oxford; and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Jennifer Duff
- From the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., H.G., T.E., J.D., A.B., V.B., H.S., E.F., A.P., H.L., P.F.C., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (R.G.W., J.M.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne; Bristol Genetics Laboratory (T.A., M.G., N.F.), Pathology Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital; Medical Genetic Center (S.K.), Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatric Neurology (V.R.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Foundation Hospitals NHS Trust; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (E.F.), University of Oxford; and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Anna Bradshaw
- From the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., H.G., T.E., J.D., A.B., V.B., H.S., E.F., A.P., H.L., P.F.C., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (R.G.W., J.M.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne; Bristol Genetics Laboratory (T.A., M.G., N.F.), Pathology Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital; Medical Genetic Center (S.K.), Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatric Neurology (V.R.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Foundation Hospitals NHS Trust; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (E.F.), University of Oxford; and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephanie Kleinle
- From the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., H.G., T.E., J.D., A.B., V.B., H.S., E.F., A.P., H.L., P.F.C., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (R.G.W., J.M.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne; Bristol Genetics Laboratory (T.A., M.G., N.F.), Pathology Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital; Medical Genetic Center (S.K.), Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatric Neurology (V.R.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Foundation Hospitals NHS Trust; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (E.F.), University of Oxford; and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Veronika Boczonadi
- From the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., H.G., T.E., J.D., A.B., V.B., H.S., E.F., A.P., H.L., P.F.C., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (R.G.W., J.M.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne; Bristol Genetics Laboratory (T.A., M.G., N.F.), Pathology Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital; Medical Genetic Center (S.K.), Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatric Neurology (V.R.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Foundation Hospitals NHS Trust; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (E.F.), University of Oxford; and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Hannah Steele
- From the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., H.G., T.E., J.D., A.B., V.B., H.S., E.F., A.P., H.L., P.F.C., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (R.G.W., J.M.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne; Bristol Genetics Laboratory (T.A., M.G., N.F.), Pathology Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital; Medical Genetic Center (S.K.), Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatric Neurology (V.R.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Foundation Hospitals NHS Trust; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (E.F.), University of Oxford; and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Venkateswaran Ramesh
- From the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., H.G., T.E., J.D., A.B., V.B., H.S., E.F., A.P., H.L., P.F.C., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (R.G.W., J.M.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne; Bristol Genetics Laboratory (T.A., M.G., N.F.), Pathology Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital; Medical Genetic Center (S.K.), Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatric Neurology (V.R.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Foundation Hospitals NHS Trust; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (E.F.), University of Oxford; and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Edit Franko
- From the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., H.G., T.E., J.D., A.B., V.B., H.S., E.F., A.P., H.L., P.F.C., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (R.G.W., J.M.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne; Bristol Genetics Laboratory (T.A., M.G., N.F.), Pathology Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital; Medical Genetic Center (S.K.), Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatric Neurology (V.R.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Foundation Hospitals NHS Trust; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (E.F.), University of Oxford; and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Angela Pyle
- From the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., H.G., T.E., J.D., A.B., V.B., H.S., E.F., A.P., H.L., P.F.C., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (R.G.W., J.M.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne; Bristol Genetics Laboratory (T.A., M.G., N.F.), Pathology Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital; Medical Genetic Center (S.K.), Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatric Neurology (V.R.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Foundation Hospitals NHS Trust; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (E.F.), University of Oxford; and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- From the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., H.G., T.E., J.D., A.B., V.B., H.S., E.F., A.P., H.L., P.F.C., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (R.G.W., J.M.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne; Bristol Genetics Laboratory (T.A., M.G., N.F.), Pathology Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital; Medical Genetic Center (S.K.), Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatric Neurology (V.R.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Foundation Hospitals NHS Trust; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (E.F.), University of Oxford; and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Patrick F Chinnery
- From the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., H.G., T.E., J.D., A.B., V.B., H.S., E.F., A.P., H.L., P.F.C., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (R.G.W., J.M.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne; Bristol Genetics Laboratory (T.A., M.G., N.F.), Pathology Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital; Medical Genetic Center (S.K.), Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatric Neurology (V.R.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Foundation Hospitals NHS Trust; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (E.F.), University of Oxford; and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Rita Horvath
- From the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases and John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine (B.B., H.G., T.E., J.D., A.B., V.B., H.S., E.F., A.P., H.L., P.F.C., R.H.), and Institute of Neuroscience (R.G.W., J.M.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne; Bristol Genetics Laboratory (T.A., M.G., N.F.), Pathology Sciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital; Medical Genetic Center (S.K.), Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatric Neurology (V.R.), Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Foundation Hospitals NHS Trust; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (E.F.), University of Oxford; and Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.F.C.), Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, UK.
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Gagic M, Markovic MK, Kecmanovic M, Keckarevic D, Mladenovic J, Dackovic J, Milic-Rasic V, Romac S. Analysis of PMP22 duplication and deletion using a panel of six dinucleotide tandem repeats. Clin Chem Lab Med 2017; 54:773-80. [PMID: 26479344 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2015-0602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1A (CMT1A) is the most common type of hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies (HMSN), caused by the duplication of the 17p11.2 region that includes the PMP22 gene. Reciprocal deletion of the same region is the main cause of hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP). CMT1A accounts for approximately 50% of HMSN patients. Diagnostics of CMT1A and HNPP are based on quantitative analysis of the affected region or RFLP detection of breakage points. The aim of this study was to improve the sensitivity and efficiency of CMT1A and HNPP genetic diagnostics by introducing analysis of six STR markers (D17S261-D17S122-D17S839-D17S1358-D17S955-D17S921) spanning the duplicated region. METHODS Forty-six CMT1A and seven HNPP patients, all genetically diagnosed by RFLP analysis, were tested for duplication or deletion using six STR markers. RESULTS In all CMT1A and HNPP patients, microsatellite analysis comprising six STR markers confirmed the existence of a duplication or deletion. In 89% (41/46) CMT1A patients the confirmation was based on detecting three alleles on at least one locus. In the remaining 11% (5) CMT1A patients, duplication was also confirmed based on two peaks with clear dosage difference for at least two different markers. All HNPP patients (7/7) displayed only one allele for each analyzed locus. CONCLUSIONS Microsatellite analysis using six selected STR loci showed a high level of sensitivity and specificity for genetic diagnostics of CMT1A and HNPP. The results here strongly suggest STR marker analysis as a method of choice in PMP22 duplication/deletion testing.
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Hu B, Arpag S, Zhang X, Möbius W, Werner H, Sosinsky G, Ellisman M, Zhang Y, Hamilton A, Chernoff J, Li J. Tuning PAK Activity to Rescue Abnormal Myelin Permeability in HNPP. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006290. [PMID: 27583434 PMCID: PMC5008806 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous systems extend their membranes to wrap axons concentrically and form the insulating sheath, called myelin. The spaces between layers of myelin are sealed by myelin junctions. This tight insulation enables rapid conduction of electric impulses (action potentials) through axons. Demyelination (stripping off the insulating sheath) has been widely regarded as one of the most important mechanisms altering the action potential propagation in many neurological diseases. However, the effective nerve conduction is also thought to require a proper myelin seal through myelin junctions such as tight junctions and adherens junctions. In the present study, we have demonstrated the disruption of myelin junctions in a mouse model (Pmp22+/-) of hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP) with heterozygous deletion of Pmp22 gene. We observed a robust increase of F-actin in Pmp22+/- nerve regions where myelin junctions were disrupted, leading to increased myelin permeability. These abnormalities were present long before segmental demyelination at the late phase of Pmp22+/- mice. Moreover, the increase of F-actin levels correlated with an enhanced activity of p21-activated kinase (PAK1), a molecule known to regulate actin polymerization. Pharmacological inhibition of PAK normalized levels of F-actin, and completely prevented the progression of the myelin junction disruption and nerve conduction failure in Pmp22+/- mice. Our findings explain how abnormal myelin permeability is caused in HNPP, leading to impaired action potential propagation in the absence of demyelination. We call it "functional demyelination", a novel mechanism upstream to the actual stripping of myelin that is relevant to many demyelinating diseases. This observation also provides a potential therapeutic approach for HNPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Sezgi Arpag
- Department of Neurology, Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Xuebao Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Wiebke Möbius
- Center Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), GÖttingen, Germany
| | - Hauke Werner
- Center Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), GÖttingen, Germany
| | - Gina Sosinsky
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Mark Ellisman
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Audra Hamilton
- Department of Neurology, Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Chernoff
- Cancer Biology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Neurology, Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Gregianin E, Pallafacchina G, Zanin S, Crippa V, Rusmini P, Poletti A, Fang M, Li Z, Diano L, Petrucci A, Lispi L, Cavallaro T, Fabrizi GM, Muglia M, Boaretto F, Vettori A, Rizzuto R, Mostacciuolo ML, Vazza G. Loss-of-function mutations in the SIGMAR1 gene cause distal hereditary motor neuropathy by impairing ER-mitochondria tethering and Ca2+ signalling. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:3741-3753. [PMID: 27402882 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Distal hereditary motor neuropathies (dHMNs) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous neurological conditions characterized by degeneration of the lower motor neurons. So far, 18 dHMN genes have been identified, however, about 80% of dHMN cases remain without a molecular diagnosis. By a combination of autozygosity mapping, identity-by-descent segment detection and whole-exome sequencing approaches, we identified two novel homozygous mutations in the SIGMAR1 gene (p.E138Q and p.E150K) in two distinct Italian families affected by an autosomal recessive form of HMN. Functional analyses in several neuronal cell lines strongly support the pathogenicity of the mutations and provide insights into the underlying pathomechanisms involving the regulation of ER-mitochondria tethering, Ca2+ homeostasis and autophagy. Indeed, in vitro, both mutations reduce cell viability, the formation of abnormal protein aggregates preventing the correct targeting of sigma-1R protein to the mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM) and thus impinging on the global Ca2+ signalling. Our data definitively demonstrate the involvement of SIGMAR1 in motor neuron maintenance and survival by correlating, for the first time in the Caucasian population, mutations in this gene to distal motor dysfunction and highlight the chaperone activity of sigma-1R at the MAM as a critical aspect in dHMN pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giorgia Pallafacchina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova and CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Sofia Zanin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova and CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Valeria Crippa
- Experimental Neurobiology Lab, IRCCS "C. Mondino" National Neurological Institute, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Rusmini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Mingyan Fang
- Department of Science & Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhouxuan Li
- Department of Science & Technology, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Laura Diano
- Medical Genetics, University Hospital "Tor Vergata", Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio Petrucci
- Neuromuscular and Rare Neurological Diseases Centre Neurology & Neurophysiopathology Unit, ASO San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovico Lispi
- Neuromuscular and Rare Neurological Diseases Centre Neurology & Neurophysiopathology Unit, ASO San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Cavallaro
- Section of Neuropathology, Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gian M Fabrizi
- Section of Neuropathology, Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Muglia
- CNR Institute of Neurological Sciences, Mangone, Cosenza, Italy
| | | | | | - Rosario Rizzuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova and CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
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Laššuthová P, Šafka Brožková D, Krůtová M, Neupauerová J, Haberlová J, Mazanec R, Dřímal P, Seeman P. Improving diagnosis of inherited peripheral neuropathies through gene panel analysis. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2016; 11:118. [PMID: 27549087 PMCID: PMC4994270 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-016-0500-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inherited peripheral neuropathies (IPN) are the most common inherited neurological condition. It represents a highly heterogeneous group, both clinically and genetically. Targeted disease specific gene panel massively parallel sequencing (MPS) seems to be a useful tool in diagnosis of disorders with high genetic heterogeneity. METHODS In our study, we have designed, validated and updated our own custom gene panel of all known genes associated with IPN. One hundred and ninety-eight patients have been tested so far. Only patients in whom mutations in more common causes or relevant genes have already been excluded were enrolled. Five consecutive panel designs were prepared according to recent literature search, the last one covering ninety-three genes. Each patient was tested only once. All data were evaluated with at least two different pipelines. RESULTS In summary, causative mutation has been found in fifty-one patients (26 %). The results were inconclusive in thirty-one (16 %) patients. No variants of likely significance to IPN were found in one hundred and sixteen (58 %) patients. CONCLUSION MPS gene panel enables testing of all known IPN causes at once with high coverage and at an affordable cost making it truly a method of choice also in IPN. Gene panel testing results in several interesting results and findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Laššuthová
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, DNA Laboratory, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Šafka Brožková
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, DNA Laboratory, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Krůtová
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, DNA Laboratory, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Neupauerová
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, DNA Laboratory, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Haberlová
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Mazanec
- Department of Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Dřímal
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, DNA Laboratory, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Seeman
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, DNA Laboratory, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
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Ghaoui R, Palmio J, Brewer J, Lek M, Needham M, Evilä A, Hackman P, Jonson PH, Penttilä S, Vihola A, Huovinen S, Lindfors M, Davis RL, Waddell L, Kaur S, Yiannikas C, North K, Clarke N, MacArthur DG, Sue CM, Udd B. Mutations in HSPB8 causing a new phenotype of distal myopathy and motor neuropathy. Neurology 2016; 86:391-8. [PMID: 26718575 PMCID: PMC4776089 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000002324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report novel disease and pathology due to HSPB8 mutations in 2 families with autosomal dominant distal neuromuscular disease showing both myofibrillar and rimmed vacuolar myopathy together with neurogenic changes. METHODS We performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) in tandem with linkage analysis and candidate gene approach as well as targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) to identify causative mutations in 2 families with dominant rimmed vacuolar myopathy and a motor neuropathy. Pathogenic variants and familial segregation were confirmed using Sanger sequencing. RESULTS WES and tNGS identified a heterozygous change in HSPB8 in both families: c.421A > G p.K141E in family 1 and c.151insC p.P173SfsX43 in family 2. Affected patients had a distal myopathy that showed myofibrillar aggregates and rimmed vacuoles combined with a clear neurogenic component both on biopsy and neurophysiologic studies. MRI of lower limb muscles demonstrated diffuse tissue changes early in the disease stage progressing later to fatty replacement typical of a myopathy. CONCLUSION We expand the understanding of disease mechanisms, tissue involvement, and phenotypic outcome of HSPB8 mutations. HSPB8 is part of the chaperone-assisted selective autophagy (CASA) complex previously only associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2L (OMIM 60673) and distal hereditary motor neuronopathy type IIa. However, we now demonstrate that patients can develop a myopathy with histologic features of myofibrillar myopathy with aggregates and rimmed vacuoles, similar to the pathology in myopathies due to gene defects in other compounds of the CASA complex such as BAG3 and DNAJB6 after developing the early neurogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roula Ghaoui
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Johanna Palmio
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Janice Brewer
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Monkol Lek
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Merrilee Needham
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Anni Evilä
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Peter Hackman
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Per-Harald Jonson
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Sini Penttilä
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Anna Vihola
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Sanna Huovinen
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Mikaela Lindfors
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Ryan L Davis
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Leigh Waddell
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Simran Kaur
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Con Yiannikas
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Kathryn North
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Nigel Clarke
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Daniel G MacArthur
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Carolyn M Sue
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland.
| | - Bjarne Udd
- From the Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research (R.G., L.W., S.K., N.C.), Kids Research Institute, Children's Hospital at Westmead & University of Sydney, Australia; Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology (J.P., S.P., M.L., B.U.), and Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories (S.H.), Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Finland; Department of Pathology (J.B.), Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (M.L., D.G.M.), Cambridge, MA; Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (M.N.), University of Western Australia, Perth; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics (A.E., P.H., P.H.-J., A.V., B.U.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurogenetics (R.L.D., C.Y., C.M.S.), Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (K.N.), The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (M.L., D.G.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Department of Neurology (B.U.), Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland.
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Kramer M, Ly A, Li J. Phenotype HNPP (Hereditary Neuropathy With Liability to Pressure Palsies) Induced by Medical Procedures. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ) 2016; 45:E27-E28. [PMID: 26761923 PMCID: PMC4876709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The phenotype HNPP (hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies) is caused by heterozygous deletion of the PMP22 gene. HNPP is clinically characterized by asymmetric focal sensory loss and muscle weakness. Reports of HNPP have been rare. In this article, we report the case of an asymptomatic woman with the HNPP mutation. After undergoing total knee arthroplasty, she developed a footdrop with prolonged recovery. We concluded (a) that the HNPP mutation may carry a high risk for certain surgical procedures not expected to cause neurologic deficits in normal patients and (b) that humans with the HNPP mutation can be asymptomatic. Lack of symptoms can contribute to underrecognition of the disease.
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Fernández-Ramos JA, López-Laso E, Camino-León R, Gascón-Jiménez FJ, Jiménez-González MD. [Experience in molecular diagnostic in hereditary neuropathies in a pediatric tertiary hospital]. Rev Neurol 2015; 61:490-8. [PMID: 26602803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) is the most common hereditary sensory motor neuropathy. Advances in molecular diagnosis have increased the diagnostic possibilities of these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospective study of 36 pediatric patients diagnosed with CMT in a tertiary center in 2003-2015. RESULTS We found 16 patients were diagnosed by a duplication in PMP22; two cases were diagnosed of hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies, one with a point mutation in PMP22; a male with a mild demyelinating phenotype, without family history, was diagnosed with GJB1 mutation; in a patient with a peripheral hypotonia at birth and axonal pattern in EMG by mutation in MFN2; a gypsy patient, with consanguineous family, CMT4D, was identified by a mutation in the gene NDRG1; a patient with multiplex congenital arthrogryposis and vocal cord paralysis, whose mother had a scapular-peroneal syndrome, had a congenital spinal muscular atrophy with mild distal axonal neuropathy by mutation in gene TRPV4; three girls, from a gypsy consanguineous family, with axonal CMT with neuromyotonic discharges were diagnosed by a mutation in the gene HINT1; twelve patients haven't molecular diagnosis currently. CONCLUSIONS CMT1A predominated in our series (44%), as previous studies. We emphasize the description of a patient with a mutation in TRPV4 recently described as a cause of CMT2C and three cases, of gypsy consanguineous family, with the same mutation in HINT1 gene, recently described as a cause of axonal neuropathy with neuromyotonia, autosomal recessive (AR-CMT2). The proportion of patients without molecular diagnosis is similar to main European series.
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Pareyson D, Saveri P, Sagnelli A, Piscosquito G. Mitochondrial dynamics and inherited peripheral nerve diseases. Neurosci Lett 2015; 596:66-77. [PMID: 25847151 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerves have peculiar energetic requirements because of considerable length of axons and therefore correct mitochondria functioning and distribution along nerves is fundamental. Mitochondrial dynamics refers to the continuous change in size, shape, and position of mitochondria within cells. Abnormalities of mitochondrial dynamics produced by mutations in proteins involved in mitochondrial fusion (mitofusin-2, MFN2), fission (ganglioside-induced differentiation-associated protein-1, GDAP1), and mitochondrial axonal transport usually present with a Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) phenotype. MFN2 mutations cause CMT type 2A by altering mitochondrial fusion and trafficking along the axonal microtubule system. CMT2A is an axonal autosomal dominant CMT type which in most cases is characterized by early onset and rather severe course. GDAP1 mutations also alter fission, fusion and transport of mitochondria and are associated either with recessive demyelinating (CMT4A) and axonal CMT (AR-CMT2K) and, less commonly, with dominant, milder, axonal CMT (CMT2K). OPA1 (Optic Atrophy-1) is involved in fusion of mitochondrial inner membrane, and its heterozygous mutations lead to early-onset and progressive dominant optic atrophy which may be complicated by other neurological symptoms including peripheral neuropathy. Mutations in several proteins fundamental for the axonal transport or forming the axonal cytoskeleton result in peripheral neuropathy, i.e., CMT, distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN) or hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy (HSAN), as well as in hereditary spastic paraplegia. Indeed, mitochondrial transport involves directly or indirectly components of the kinesin superfamily (KIF5A, KIF1A, KIF1B), responsible of anterograde transport, and of the dynein complex and related proteins (DYNC1H1, dynactin, dynamin-2), implicated in retrograde flow. Microtubules, neurofilaments, and chaperones such as heat shock proteins (HSPs) also have a fundamental role in mitochondrial transport and mutations in some of related encoding genes cause peripheral neuropathy (TUBB3, NEFL, HSPB1, HSPB8, HSPB3, DNAJB2). In this review, we address the abnormalities in mitochondrial dynamics and their role in determining CMT disease and related neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Pareyson
- Clinic of Central and Peripheral Degenerative Neuropathies Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences - IRCCS Foundation, "C. Besta" Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Paola Saveri
- Clinic of Central and Peripheral Degenerative Neuropathies Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences - IRCCS Foundation, "C. Besta" Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Sagnelli
- Clinic of Central and Peripheral Degenerative Neuropathies Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences - IRCCS Foundation, "C. Besta" Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piscosquito
- Clinic of Central and Peripheral Degenerative Neuropathies Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences - IRCCS Foundation, "C. Besta" Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy
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Tétreault M, Gonzalez M, Dicaire MJ, Allard P, Gehring K, Leblanc D, Leclerc N, Schondorf R, Mathieu J, Zuchner S, Brais B. Adult-onset painful axonal polyneuropathy caused by a dominant NAGLU mutation. Brain 2015; 138:1477-83. [PMID: 25818867 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awv074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Late-onset painful sensory neuropathies are usually acquired conditions associated with common diseases. Adult presentations of known hereditary forms are often accompanied by other organ involvement. We recruited a large French-Canadian family with a dominantly inherited late-onset painful sensory neuropathy. The main clinical feature is recurrent leg pain that progresses to constant painful paraesthesias in the feet and later the hands. As it evolves, some patients develop a mild sensory ataxia. We selected four affected individuals for whole exome sequencing. Analysis of rare variants shared by all cases led to a list of four candidate variants. Segregation analysis in all 45 recruited individuals has shown that only the p.Ile403Thr variant in the α-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAGLU) gene segregates with the disease. Recessive NAGLU mutations cause the severe childhood lysosomal disease mucopolysacharidosis IIIB. Family members carrying the mutation showed a significant decrease of the enzymatic function (average 45%). The late-onset and variable severity of the symptoms may have precluded the description of such symptoms in parents of mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB cases. The identification of a dominant phenotype associated with a NAGLU mutation supports that some carriers of lysosomal enzyme mutations may develop later in life much milder phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Tétreault
- 1 Neurogenetics of Motion Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Michael Gonzalez
- 2 Dr John T Macdonald Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Marie-Josée Dicaire
- 1 Neurogenetics of Motion Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Pierre Allard
- 3 Laboratoire de génétique médicale, CHU-Ste-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Kalle Gehring
- 4 Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - Diane Leblanc
- 3 Laboratoire de génétique médicale, CHU-Ste-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Nadine Leclerc
- 5 Cliniques des maladies neuromusculaires, CSSS-Jonquière, Quebec, G7H 7K9, Canada
| | - Ronald Schondorf
- 6 Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Jean Mathieu
- 5 Cliniques des maladies neuromusculaires, CSSS-Jonquière, Quebec, G7H 7K9, Canada
| | - Stephan Zuchner
- 2 Dr John T Macdonald Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Bernard Brais
- 1 Neurogenetics of Motion Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B4, Canada 5 Cliniques des maladies neuromusculaires, CSSS-Jonquière, Quebec, G7H 7K9, Canada
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38
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Qi F, Che F. [Analysis of the clinical, electrophysiological and genetic features of a family affected with hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi 2015; 32:31-35. [PMID: 25636095 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1003-9406.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To delineate the clinical, electrophysiological and genetics features of a family where 4 members were affected with hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP). METHODS Clinical features of the 4 patients were summarized. Electrophysiological examination and genetic analysis were carried out. RESULTS All of the patients showed recurrent motor and sensory disturbances after minor traction or constriction. Electrophysiology study revealed that the prolonged latency and reduced conduction velocity of peripheral nerve were general and with multiple sites of affection. The nerve locations liable to entrapment showed conduction block. A deletion mutation of peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) gene was identified by genetic analysis. CONCLUSION HNPP usually affects areas where nerves are liable to entrapment, and presents with motor and sensory disturbances of the innervated areas. Electrophysiological study reveals general nervous demyelination. Genetic analysis can clarify the diagnosis of HNPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faying Qi
- Department of Neurology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276003, P. R. China.
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Kotruchow K, Kabzińska D, Kochański A. Pathogenic mutations and sequence variants within mitofusin 2 gene in Polish patients with different hereditary motor-sensory neuropathies. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2015; 75:264-78. [PMID: 26581383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
At the time of its first description in 2004, MFN2 was considered the most frequently mutated gene in hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type 2 (HMSN 2). However recent studies have shown that the frequency of MFN2 gene mutations in HMSN II patients is surprisingly low. To date, no systematic studies devoted to HMSN IIa in Poland have been carried out. In this study, we searched for MFN2 gene mutations in Polish patients representing the population of nearly 40 million. We decided to include a wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes in the study, proving able to detect, in a group of 67 affected patients: 1) 3 pathogenic mutations; 2) 3 sequence variants of unknown pathogenic status; 3) 9 rare MFN2 gene sequence variants; 4) 6 common polymorphisms. The frequency of MFN2 gene mutations in the whole group of patients is 4.5%. Due to the high frequency of MFN2 gene sequence variants within single patients we could not definitely exclude the cumulative effect of these contributing to the HMSN II phenotype. The MFN2 gene should therefore be considered in Polish HMSN II patients, though it is still not possible to determine its position in HMSN II molecular diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kotruchow
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Neuromuscular Unit, Warsaw, Poland,
| | - Dagmara Kabzińska
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Neuromuscular Unit, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kochański
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Neuromuscular Unit, Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract
We, herein, report two independent cases with hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement (HMSN-P) inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. Their common clinical features are slowly progressive proximal dominant muscular atrophy, fasciculations and mild to moderate distal sensory disturbance with areflexia. Nerve conduction study revealed an absence of sensory nerve action potentials, in contrast to almost normal compound muscle action potentials. Gene analysis in both patients elucidated heterozygous mutation (c.854C>T, p.Pro285Leu) in the TFG, which is an identical mutation, already described by Ishiura et al. Okinawa and Shiga are two foci of HMSN-P in Japan. Eventually, one patient is from Okinawa and the other is from a mountain village in Shiga prefecture. When we see a patient who has symptoms suggestive of motor neuron disease with sensory neuropathy, HMSN-P should be considered as a differential diagnosis despite the patient's actual resident place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Mori
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Toneyama National Hospital
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41
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Abstract
Mutations in ATP7A lead to at least three allelic disorders: Menkes disease (MD), Occipital horn syndrome and X-linked distal motor neuropathy. These disorders are mainly seen in male individuals, but a few affected females have been described. More than 400 different mutations have been identified in the ATP7A gene. We have conducted several studies in the hope of uncovering the relationship between genotype and phenotype. We have examined the X-inactivation pattern in affected females, the effect of exon-deletions and--duplications, and splice-site mutations on the composition and amount of ATP7A transcript, and we have examined the structural location of missense mutations. The X-inactivation pattern did not fully explain the manifestation of MD in a small fraction of carriers. Most of the affected females had preferential inactivation of the X-chromosome with the normal ATP7A gene, but a few individuals exhibited preferential inactivation of the X-chromosome with the mutated ATP7A gene. The observed mild phenotype in some patients with mutations that effect the composition of the ATP7A transcript, seems to be explained by the presence of a small amount of normal ATP7A transcript. The location of missense mutations on structural models of the ATP7A protein suggests that affected conserved residues generally lead to a severe phenotype. The ATP7A protein traffics within the cells. At low copper levels, ATP7A locates to the Trans-Golgi Network (TGN) to load cuproenzymes with copper, whereas at higher concentrations, ATP7A shifts to the post-Golgi compartments or to the plasma membrane to export copper out of the cell. Impaired copper-regulation trafficking has been observed for ATP7A mutants, but its impact on the clinical outcome is not clear. The major problem in patients with MD seems to be insufficient amounts of copper in the brain. In fact, prenatal treatment of mottled mice as a model for human MD with a combination of chelator and copper, produces a slight increase in copper levels in the brain which perhaps leads to longer survival and more active behavior. In conclusion, small amounts of copper at the right location seem to relieve the symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisbeth Birk Møller
- Center for Applied Human Genetics, Kennedy Center, Rigshospitalet, Gl. Landevej 7, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark.
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42
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Chen J, An R, Xu YM. [Hereditary motor neuropathy - a family with 9 cases]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi 2013; 30:607. [PMID: 24078581 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1003-9406.2013.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China.
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Abstract
In this review, progress in hereditary neuropathy research published in the Journal of Neurology over the last 18 months is summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sagnelli
- Clinic of Central and Peripheral Degenerative Neuropathies Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS Foundation, "C. Besta" Neurological Institute, via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy
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Abstract
Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP) is an inherited autosomal dominant disorder that causes a polyneuropathy with predisposition for involvement at sites of compression and is often underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed due to its heterogeneity in clinical and electrophysiological presentation. We report 2 cases of HNPP, which were initially diagnosed and treated as either an acquired demyelinating disorder or alternative inherited demyelinating disorder. Thorough evaluation of repeat electrodiagnostic studies and genetic testing confirmed the diagnosis of HNPP in both cases. One case showed the classic peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) deletion and the other case showed a previously reported single base pair deletion at Leu145 causing a frameshift mutation at the PMP22 gene. These cases underscore the difficulty of diagnosing HNPP, because of the variations in clinical and electrophysiological findings and reinforce the importance of a combination high index of clinical suspicion, electrodiagnostic testing, and genetic testing to make the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said R Beydoun
- Neuromuscular Division, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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45
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Ragois P, Didailler P, Rizzi P. [Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy (HNPP): a diagnostic trap]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 32:262-4. [PMID: 23953745 DOI: 10.1016/j.main.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The authors report two clinical cases of a rarely observed pathology in orthopedic surgery daily practice: hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy (HNPP), which leads to dysesthesiae, hypoesthesiae and regressive palsies. Onset, clinical signs and electromyographic abnormalities are described. Forensic consequences can occur in early postoperative period. Knowledge of this familial pathology allows precautionary measures at surgery and avoids unnecessary surgical revisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ragois
- Centre Orthopédique, 2, rue du Pressoir, 71640 Dracy le Fort, France.
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Khidiyatova IM, Skachkova IA, Saifullina EV, Magzhanov RV, Schagina OA, Zinchenko RA, Petrin AN, Khusnutdinova EK. [MFN2 gene analysis in patients with hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy from Bashkortostan Republic]. Genetika 2013; 49:884-890. [PMID: 24450158 DOI: 10.7868/s0016675813060040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy (HMSN) type IIA is caused by mutations in the mitofusin type-2 (MFN2) gene and represents one of the most common axonal forms of HMSN. We determined the spectrum and frequency of MFN2 gene mutations in patients from the Bashkortostan Republic (BR). Four different mutations were revealed in 5 out of 170 unrelated patients, i.e., c.2113G>A (p.Val705Ile) (1.2% among all types of H MSN in the total sample of patients and 2% among patients of Tatar ethnicity). This mutation was described previously; c.775C>T (p.Arg259Cys) (0.6%, in the total sample of patients and 2% among the patients of Tatar ethnicity); c.776G>A (p.Arg259His) (0.6% in the total sample of patients and 1.5% among the patients of Russians ethnicity); and c.2171T>C (p.Leu724Pro) (1.2% in the total sample of patients and 7.4% among the patients of Bashkirs ethnicity). These are new mutations that were not observed among healthy family members and in control samples of healthy subjects. Five identified nucleotide substitutions represent single nucleotide polymorphisms of the gene, including c.892G>A (p.Gly298Arg), c.957C>T (Gly319Gly), and c1039-222t>c, which were described previously, while c.175+28c>t and c.2204+15t>c represent new nucleotide substitutions in the intron regions of the gene.
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Karadima G, Kokotis P, Kalfakis N, Vassilopoulos D, Panas M. Bell's palsy and hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy (HNPP): is there a common genetic background? J Clin Neurosci 2013; 20:1042. [PMID: 23635862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2012.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Abstract
Mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (mtARSs) are essential in the process of transferring genetic information from mitochondrial DNA to the complexes of the oxidative phosphorylation system. These synthetases perform an integral step in the initiation of mitochondrial protein synthesis by charging tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. All mtARSs are encoded by nuclear genes, nine of which have recently been described as disease genes for mitochondrial disorders. Unexpectedly, the clinical presentations of these diseases are highly specific to the affected synthetase. Encephalopathy is the most common manifestation but again with gene-specific outcomes. Other clinical presentations include myopathy with anemia, cardiomyopathy, tubulopathy and hearing loss with female ovarian dysgenesis. Here we review the described mutation types and the associated patient phenotypes. The identified mutation spectrum suggests that only mutation types that allow some residual tRNA-charging activity can result in the described mtARS diseases but the molecular mechanisms behind the selective tissue involvement are not currently understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Konovalova
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Helsinki and Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Schreiber S, Oldag A, Kornblum C, Kollewe K, Kropf S, Schoenfeld A, Feistner H, Jakubiczka S, Kunz WS, Scherlach C, Tempelmann C, Mawrin C, Dengler R, Schreiber F, Goertler M, Vielhaber S. Sonography of the median nerve in CMT1A, CMT2A, CMTX, and HNPP. Muscle Nerve 2013; 47:385-95. [PMID: 23381770 DOI: 10.1002/mus.23681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study we compare the ultrasound features in the median nerve in patients with different types of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease and hereditary neuropathies with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP) as a typical entrapment neuropathy. METHODS Median nerve ultrasound and conduction studies were performed in patients with CMT1A (n = 12), MFN2-associated CMT2A (n = 7), CMTX (n = 5), and HNPP (n = 5), and in controls (n = 28). RESULTS Median nerve cross-sectional area (CSA) was significantly increased in CMT1A, whereas, in axonal CMT2A, fascicle diameter (FD) was enlarged. CSA correlated with nerve conduction slowing in CMT1A and with axonal loss, as shown by motor and sensory nerve amplitudes in both CMT1A and CMT2A. A relatively low wrist-to-forearm-ratio (WFR <0.8) or a relatively high WFR (>1.8) appeared to be unlikely in MFN2 and Cx32 mutations of CMT2A and CMTX, respectively. CONCLUSION Differences in CSA, FD, and WFR of the median nerve can be helpful in defining subtypes of hereditary neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Schreiber
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.
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Abstract
Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement (HMSN-P) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease characterized by proximal predominant weakness and muscle atrophy accompanied by distal sensory disturbance. Linkage analysis using 4 families identified a region on chromosome 3 showing a LOD score exceeding 4. Further refinement of candidate region was performed by haplotype analysis using high-density SNP data, resulting in a minimum candidate region spanning 3.3 Mb. Exome analysis of an HMSN-P patient revealed a mutation (c.854C>T, p.Pro285Leu) in TRK-fused gene (TFG). The identical mutation was found in the four families, which cosegregated with the disease. The mutation was neither found in Japanese control subjects nor public databases. Detailed haplotype analysis suggested two independent origins of the mutation. These findings indicate that the mutation in TFG causes HMSN-P.
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