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Cardiovascular disease in Mexico 1990-2017: secondary data analysis from the global burden of disease study. Int J Public Health 2020; 65:661-671. [PMID: 32382763 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-020-01377-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a major cause of death and a public health threat. To report the burden of CVD in Mexico at a national and subnational scale from 1990 to 2017 as well as risk factors driving these changes. METHODS Following the 2017 global burden of disease study, mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and risk factors of CVD were examined according to 10 subcategories. RESULTS The CVD burden of disease decreased between 1990 and 2017 in Mexico as a whole and in all states, with the higher decrease located in the north and central regions. Ischemic heart disease accounted for almost two-thirds of the total number of deaths from CVD and caused the highest DALY rate. The leading CVD risk factors were high systolic blood pressure, dietary risks, high LDL cholesterol, high BMI, and high fasting plasma glucose level. CONCLUSIONS These results allow the establishment of priorities, policy development, and implementation to decrease the CVD burden and can provide a benchmark for states to focus on key risk factors, improve the quality of health care, and reduce health care costs.
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Abstract
A double burden of malnutrition occurs when individuals, household members or communities experience both undernutrition and overweight. Here, we show geospatial estimates of overweight and wasting prevalence among children under 5 years of age in 105 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) from 2000 to 2017 and aggregate these to policy-relevant administrative units. Wasting decreased overall across LMICs between 2000 and 2017, from 8.4% (62.3 (55.1–70.8) million) to 6.4% (58.3 (47.6–70.7) million), but is predicted to remain above the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target of <5% in over half of LMICs by 2025. Prevalence of overweight increased from 5.2% (30 (22.8–38.5) million) in 2000 to 6.0% (55.5 (44.8–67.9) million) children aged under 5 years in 2017. Areas most affected by double burden of malnutrition were located in Indonesia, Thailand, southeastern China, Botswana, Cameroon and central Nigeria. Our estimates provide a new perspective to researchers, policy makers and public health agencies in their efforts to address this global childhood syndemic. Fine-scale geospatial mapping of overweight and wasting (two components of the double burden of malnutrition) in 105 LMICs shows that overweight has increased from 5.2% in 2000 to 6.0% in children under 5 in 2017. Although overall wasting decreased over the same period, most countries are not on track to meet the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target of <5% in over half of LMICs by 2025.
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Híjar M, Pérez-Núñez R, Hidalgo-Solórzano E, Hernández Prado B, Valdez-Santiago R, Hamilton EB, James SL, Bertolacci GJ, Cunningham M, Dingels ZV, Fox JT, Liu Z, Roberts NLS, Sylte DO, Agudelo-Botero M, Borges G, Cahuana-Hurtado L, Campos-Nonato IR, Cárdenas R, Dávila-Cervantes CA, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Diaz D, Lansingh VC, Martinez G, Montero-Zamora PA, Serván-Mori E, Lozano R. Unintentional injuries in Mexico, 1990-2017: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Inj Prev 2020; 26:i154-i161. [PMID: 32238437 PMCID: PMC7571365 DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, the burden of injury in Mexico has not been comprehensively assessed using recent advances in population health research, including those in the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (GBD 2017). METHODS We used GBD 2017 for burden of unintentional injury estimates, including transport injuries, for Mexico and each state in Mexico from 1990 to 2017. We examined subnational variation, age patterns, sex differences and time trends for all injury burden metrics. RESULTS Unintentional injury deaths in Mexico decreased from 45 363 deaths (44 662 to 46 038) in 1990 to 42 702 (41 439 to 43 745) in 2017, while age-standardised mortality rates decreased from 65.2 (64.4 to 66.1) in 1990 to 35.1 (34.1 to 36.0) per 100 000 in 2017. In terms of non-fatal outcomes, there were 3 120 211 (2 879 993 to 3 377 945) new injury cases in 1990, which increased to 5 234 214 (4 812 615 to 5 701 669) new cases of injury in 2017. We estimated 2 761 957 (2 676 267 to 2 859 777) disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to injuries in Mexico in 1990 compared with 2 376 952 (2 224 588 to 2 551 004) DALYs in 2017. We found subnational variation in health loss across Mexico's states, including concentrated burden in Tabasco, Chihuahua and Zacatecas. CONCLUSIONS In Mexico, from 1990 to 2017, mortality due to unintentional injuries has decreased, while non-fatal incident cases have increased. However, unintentional injuries continue to cause considerable mortality and morbidity, with patterns that vary by state, age, sex and year. Future research should focus on targeted interventions to decrease injury burden in high-risk populations.
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Agudelo-Botero M, Valdez-Ortiz R, Giraldo-Rodríguez L, González-Robledo MC, Mino-León D, Rosales-Herrera MF, Cahuana-Hurtado L, Rojas-Russell ME, Dávila-Cervantes CA. Overview of the burden of chronic kidney disease in Mexico: secondary data analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e035285. [PMID: 32213523 PMCID: PMC7170614 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the evolution of the burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Mexico by states, sex and subtypes from 1990 to 2017. DESIGN Secondary data analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2017. PARTICIPANTS Mexico and its 32 states. Data were publicly available and de-identified and individuals were not involved. METHODS We analysed age-standardised mortality rates, years of life lost (YLL) due to premature death, years lived with disability (YLD) and disability-adjusted life years (DALY), as well as the percentage of change of these indicators between 1990 and 2017. RESULTS From 1990 to 2017, the number of deaths, YLL, YLD and DALY due to CKD increased from 12 395 to 65 033, from 330 717 to 1 544 212, from 86 416 to 210 924 and from 417 133 to 1 755 136, respectively. Age-standardised rates went from 28.7 to 58.1 for deaths (% of change 102.3), from 601.2 to 1296.7 for YLL (% of change 115.7), from 158.3 to 175.4 for YLD (% of change 10.9) and from 759.4 to 1472.2 for DALY (% of change 93.8). The highest burden of CKD was for Puebla and the lowest for Sinaloa. It was also greater for men than women. By subtypes of CKD, diabetes and hypertension were the causes that contributed most to the loss of years of healthy life in the Mexican population. CONCLUSIONS Mexico has experienced exponential and unprecedented growth in the burden of CKD with significant differences by states, sex and subtypes. Data from the GBD are key inputs to guide decision-making and focus efforts towards the reduction of inequities in CKD. These results should be considered a valuable resource that can help guide the epidemiological monitoring of this disease and prioritise the most appropriate health interventions.
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Pardo-Montaño AM, Davila CA. Central Americans that Stay: A Socio-Demographic Profile of Immigrants in Mexico and their Inclusion/Exclusion. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY STUDIES 2020. [DOI: 10.18848/2324-7576/cgp/v15i01/13-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Dávila-Cervantes CA, Agudelo-Botero M. Health inequalities in Latin America: persistent gaps in life expectancy. LANCET PLANETARY HEALTH 2019; 3:e492-e493. [PMID: 31836431 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(19)30244-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Dávila CA, Pardo-Montaño AM. [Socioeconomic factors associated with the death rate by homicide in Colombia, 2000-2014]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2019; 24:2793-2804. [PMID: 31389528 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232018248.29142017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The scope of this paper was to analyze the trends, impact on life expectancy and effect of the main associated socioeconomic factors with the death rate by homicide in Colombia between 2000 and 2014 at the state level, by gender and age groups. Standardized mortality rates and years of life lost among those under 85 years of age were calculated and multivariate regression analysis was performed using negative binomial fixed effects regression models with panel data to analyze the associated socioeconomic factors with the incidence of homicide. The reduction of the death rate by homicide in Colombia was corroborated, which was generalized at state level, though it did not occur homogenously. A higher mortality risk was found among males, particularly between 15 and 49 years of age. Economic growth and inequality were negatively associated with death rates by homicide; unemployment was positively associated; and poverty had no effect on the mortality rate. Investigating the main associated factors with homicidal violence is complex, but is indispensable due to its impact on economic and social development, given that it mainly affects the population of productive age, with broad public health consequences and at a high cost to healthcare services.
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Dávila-Cervantes CA, Agudelo-Botero M, Gómez-Dantés H. Trends and differences in homicide mortality in Colombia and Mexico, 1990-2016: Two Realities, One Problem. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2019; 36:7962-7977. [PMID: 31072172 DOI: 10.1177/0886260519847775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Colombia and Mexico are among the countries in the region with the highest rates of homicide mortality and are also the drug traffickers in the world. The objective of this study was to analyze the trends and differences in homicide mortality in Colombia and Mexico between 1990 and 2016. Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study, we report mortality rates and trends in years of life lost to homicides. This study looked at injuries occurring because of interpersonal violence, which was divided into three types (firearm, sharp object, and others). The homicide mortality rate steadily decreased since 1992 in Colombia, while in Mexico, it varied over time. This rate in Colombia has not been reduced to Mexico's level, and in turn, Mexico has not had a mortality rate as high as Colombia's. Throughout the period, in both countries, the years of life lost rate decreased (52% in Colombia and 18.6% in Mexico); however, between 2002 and 2016, the years of life lost rate from homicides was reduced in all age groups in Colombia, and in Mexico, they increased notably, mainly between 15 and 54 years of age. Public health plays a central role in abating interpersonal violence through the prevention of risk factors, and through making information available so that decision-makers can create public policies using evidence-based arguments. The Global Burden of Disease Study is a crucial resource that can be used to define, describe, and evaluate the consequences of homicides and help direct efforts and resources to the most vulnerable groups.
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Dávila-Cervantes CA, Agudelo-Botero M. Sex disparities in the epidemic of type 2 diabetes in Mexico: national and state level results based on the Global Burden of Disease Study, 1990-2017. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019; 12:1023-1033. [PMID: 31360070 PMCID: PMC6625746 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s205198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the type 2 diabetes (T2D) health burden in Mexico by sex at the national and state levels from 1990 to 2017. METHODS This was a secondary analysis based on data from the Global Burden of Disease Study, 1990-2017. We used the indicators of mortality rates, years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). RESULTS At the national level, there was an increase in the standardized mortality rates, YLLs, YLDs and DALYs, especially in the male group. At the state level, the health impacts of T2D varied within the population and did not exhibit any clearly defined geographic pattern. However, the most pronounced increases in the various indicators occurred in the poorer states of the country. CONCLUSION T2D continues to have a dominant impact on Mexican public health, with marked disparities between the states. Working to reduce these health inequalities is necessary, and resources must be focused on the priority groups, for example, men, young and middle-aged adults, and individuals living in the states with the highest index of marginalization.
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Violence in Colombia and Mexico: trend and impact on life expectancy of homicide mortality between 1998 and 2015. Public Health 2018; 163:1-8. [PMID: 30005276 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Colombia is considered one of the most violent countries in the world even though homicide mortality has decreased since 2002. Mexico's homicide rate has tripled since 2008, after a period of decreasing mortality; this fact has been compared with Colombia in the 1990s and defined as a 'Colombianization' of violence in Mexico. We analyzed and compared the trend and impact of homicide mortality in Colombia and Mexico between 1998 and 2015. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional descriptive study. METHODS We calculated the standardized mortality rates and the years of life lost using data from the National Institute of Statistics and Geography in Mexico and the National Management Department of Statistics in Colombia. We used the joinpoint regression analysis to identify significant changes in the mortality trend. RESULTS During the 1990s, Colombia reached the highest homicide mortality rates in the world, but these rates have since decreased significantly. In Mexico, homicide mortality had a decreasing trend from 1998 to 2007; however, since 2008, the rate grew significantly, and although mortality tended to decrease after reaching its peak in 2011, a slight upturn was observed in 2015. CONCLUSIONS We found that the trend in mortality in both countries has had certain similarities, such as the increase in mortality after the implementation of antidrug policies and the subsequent decrease; however, the political processes, the level of mortality reached, its impact on life expectancy, and its distribution by gender are dissimilar. We consider speaking of a 'Colombianization' of violence in Mexico to be inaccurate.
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Dávila-Cervantes C, Agudelo-Botero M. Changes in life expectancy due to avoidable and non-avoidable deaths in Argentina, Chile, Colombia and Mexico, 2000-2011. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2018; 34:e00093417. [PMID: 29947656 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00093417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the level and trend of avoidable deaths and non-avoidable deaths and their contribution to the change in life expectancy in Latin America by studying the situations in Argentina, Chile, Colombia and Mexico between the years 2000 and 2011, stratified by sex and 5-year age groups. The information source used in this study was the mortality vital statistics, and the population data were obtained from censuses or estimates. The proposal by Nolte & McKee (2012) was used to calculate the standardized mortality rates and the influence from avoidable and non-avoidable causes in the change in life expectancy between 0 and 74 years. In Argentina, Chile and Colombia, all the rates declined between the years 2000 and 2011, whereas in Mexico, the avoidable deaths and non-avoidable deaths rates increased slightly for men and decreased for women. In all the countries, the non-avoidable death rates were higher than the avoidable death rates, and the rates were higher for men. The largest contributions to changes in life expectancy were explained by the non-avoidable deaths for men in all countries and for women in Argentina; in contrast, in Chile, Colombia and Mexico, the gains in years of life expectancy for women were mainly a result of avoidable causes. The results suggest there have been reductions in mortality from these causes that have resulted in gains in years of life expectancy in the region. Despite these achievements, differences between countries, sex and age groups are still present, without any noticeable progress in the reduction of these inequalities until now.
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[Analysis of the trend and impact of mortality due to external causes: Mexico, 2000-2013]. Salud Colect 2018; 12:251-264. [PMID: 28414841 DOI: 10.18294/sc.2016.743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze mortality due to the main external causes of death (traffic accidents, other accidents, homicides and suicides) in Mexico, calculating the years of life lost between 0 and 100 years of age and their contribution to the change in life expectancy between 2000 and 2013, at the national level, by sex and age group. Data came from mortality vital statistics of the Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) [National Institute of Statistics and Geography]. The biggest impact in mortality due to external causes occurred in adolescent and adult males 15-49 years of age; mortality due to these causes remained constant in males and slightly decreased in females. Mortality due to traffic accidents and other accidents decreased, with a positive contribution to life expectancy, but this effect was canceled out by the increase in mortality due to homicides and suicides. Mortality due to external causes can be avoided through interventions, programs and prevention strategies as well as timely treatment. It is necessary to develop multidisciplinary studies on the dynamics of the factors associated with mortality due to these causes.
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Dávila-Cervantes CA, Pardo-Montaño AM. Impacto de factores socioeconómicos en la mortalidad por suicidios en Colombia, 2000-2013. GERENCIA Y POLÍTICAS DE SALUD 2017. [DOI: 10.11144/javeriana.rgps16-33.ifsm] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
El objetivo fue analizar la tendencia, el impacto y los factores socioeconómicos asociados con la mortalidad por suicidios en Colombia entre el 2000 y el 2013, por sexo, grupos de edad y estratos del índice de necesidades básicas insatisfechas (INB). Se calcularon tasas estandarizadas de mortalidad, años de vida perdidos (AVP) y un análisis de regresión múltiple binomial negativa. La mortalidad por suicidios disminuyó en Colombia entre el 2000 y el 2013. El estrato medio INB tuvo la mayor mortalidad por suicidios; el estrato muy bajo presentó la mayor disminución; y el estrato muy alto tuvo la menor mortalidad. La desigualdad del ingreso se asoció positivamente con el riesgo de fallecer por suicidio, al igual que la tasa de desempleo y la pobreza tienen una relación negativa con la mortalidad de suicidios. Además de los factores de riesgo individuales del suicidio, las condiciones socioeconómicas del entorno deben ser considerados factores de riesgo de suicidio en Colombia.
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Dávila-Cervantes CA, Pardo-Montaño AM. Mudanças na expectativa de vida per causas crônicas de morte em idosos. México 2000-2013. REVISTA CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD 2017. [DOI: 10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/revsalud/a.5759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objetivo: analizar la contribución de las principales causas de muerte por enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ECNT) al cambio en esperanza de vida temporaria entre 60-100 años en México entre 2000-2013. Materiales y métodos: se emplearon datos de defunciones a nivel nacional y grupos de edad de fuentes o ciales. Las causas consideradas fueron: diabetes (DM), enfermedades isquémicas del corazón (eic), enfermedad cerebrovascular (EC), enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC), cirrosis y otras enfermedades crónicas del hígado (COEH) y enfermedades hipertensivas (EH). Se calcularon tasas estandarizadas de mortalidad utilizando como referente la población nacional (2010) y tablas de vida para el cambio y contribución a la esperanza de vida. Resultados: las mayores tasas de mortalidad se dieron por DM y EIC, con una tendencia creciente; el mayor incremento del periodo se dio por EH; y las tasas por ec y coeh disminuyeron. Se presentaron ganancias en esperanza de vida por ec, epoc y coeh, pero fueron canceladas por el aumento de mortalidad por dm, eic y eh. Por grupos de edad, las ganancias masculinas se presentaron entre 60-79 años por ec, coeh y epoc; para mujeres la disminución de la mortalidad se dio por ec en todas las edades. Las causas con impacto negativo en hombres fueron dm (65-84 años) y EIC (80-94 años); para mujeres la DM (70-89 años), EH y EIC (80-94 años). Conclusiones: las ecnt continuarán gurando de forma más prominente en el per l epidemiológico del país. Es indispensable implementar acciones preventivas sobre factores de riesgo modi cables comunes a ellas.
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Pardo Montaño AM, Dávila Cervantes CA. Migración y desarrollo. Características de los hogares y uso de las remesas internas e internacionales en México. DESARROLLO Y SOCIEDAD 2017. [DOI: 10.13043/dys.78.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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[Suicide mortality in Colombia and México: Trends and impact between 2000 and 2013]. BIOMEDICA 2016; 36:415-422. [PMID: 27869389 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.v36i3.3224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Suicides are one of the main public health issues globally. Objective: To analyze the trends and impact of suicide mortality in Colombia and México between 2000 and 2013, nationally, by sex and age groups. Materials and methods: Mortality vital statistics from the Colombian Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística and the Mexican Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía were used. We conducted a descriptive and cross sectional study for which we calculated standardized mortality rates and years of life lost in people between 0 and 100 years of age. Results: In Colombia, the suicide mortality rate decreased between 2000 and 2013 for both sexes (28% for men and 38% for women); an opposite trend was observed in México (with an increase of 34% for males and 67% for females). In 2013, the years of life lost in Colombia were 0,32 among men and 0,15 among women, with a decreasing trend since 2000, whereas in México a level of 0,42 was observed in men and 0,2 in women, with an increasing trend since 2000. The age groups where suicides had a bigger impact were those of men 15 to 49 years of age in both countries, while suicides were more uniformly distributed among women between 15 and 84 years of age. CONCLUSION Suicide mortality increased gradually in México, whereas in Colombia an opposite trend was observed. Suicides can be prevented, so it is fundamental to implement public health policies focused on timely identification, comprehensive prevention strategies and the study of associated risk factors.
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Dávila Cervantes CA, Ochoa Torres MDP, Casique Rodríguez I. Analysis of the impact of mortality due to suicides in Mexico, 2000-2012. Salud Colect 2015; 11:471-84. [PMID: 26676591 DOI: 10.18294/sc.2015.784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the burden of disease due to suicide in Mexico using years of life lost (YLL) between 2000 and 2012 by sex, age group (for those under 85 years of age) and jurisdiction. Vital statistics on mortality and population estimates were used to calculate standardized mortality rates and years of life lost due to suicide. Between 2000 and 2012 a sustained increase in the suicide mortality rate was observed in Mexico. The age group with the highest rate was 85 years of age or older for men, and 15-19 years of age for women. The highest impact in life expectancy due to suicide occurred at 20 to 24 years of age in men and 15 to 19 years of age in women. The states with the highest mortality due to suicide were located in the Yucatan Peninsula (Yucatan, Quintana Roo and Campeche). Mortality due to suicide in Mexico has increased continually. As suicides are preventable, the implementation of health public policies through timely identification, integral prevention strategies and the detailed study of associated risk factors is imperative.
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González-Villalpando C, Dávila-Cervantes CA, Zamora-Macorra M, Trejo-Valdivia B, González-Villalpando ME. Incidence of type 2 diabetes in Mexico: results of the Mexico City Diabetes Study after 18 years of follow-up. SALUD PUBLICA DE MEXICO 2015; 56:11-7. [PMID: 24912516 DOI: 10.21149/spm.v56i1.7318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Mexican population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Population based prospective study. At baseline (1990), the population at risk (1939 non-diabetic adults 35-64 years) was evaluated with oral glucose tolerance test. Subsequent similar evaluations were done (1994, 1998, 2008). American Diabetes Association diagnostic criteria were applied. RESULTS The period of observation was 27842 person-years, the cumulative incidence of T2D was 14.4 and 13.7 per 1000 person-years for men and women, respectively. Incidence was 15.8, 15.7 and 12.7 per 1 000 person-years for the second (1994), third (1998) and fourth (2008) follow-up phases, respectively. The mean age at diagnosis was 44 years for prevalent cases and 56 years for incident cases. CONCLUSIONS This is the first estimate of long-term incidence of T2D in Mexican population. The incidence is among the highest reported worldwide. It remained with few changes throughout the study period.
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Dávila-Cervantes CA, Pardo-Montaño AM. Análisis del impacto de la mortalidad por homicidios de acuerdo al Índice de Necesidades Básicas Insatisfechas en Colombia, 2000-2011. GERENCIA Y POLÍTICAS DE SALUD 2015. [DOI: 10.11144/javeriana.rgyps18-28.aimh] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
El objetivo fue analizar la mortalidad por homicidios en Colombia entre 2000 y 2011, estratificando cada departamento por el Índice de Necesidades Básicas Insatisfechas. Se utilizaron estadísticas de mortalidad, calculando tasas estandarizadas y años de vida perdidos entre 15 y 49 años, bajo el supuesto de mortalidad nula. Existió un incremento de la mortalidad en el periodo 2000-2002; del 2003 al 2011 hubo una reducción importante. La tasa de mortalidad disminuyó 48 % (50 % hombres, 39 % mujeres); los se redujeron 16 % (16 % hombres y 14 % mujeres). Respecto al, el estrato medio presentó la mayor mortalidad; el bajo la disminución más importante. En mujeres el estrato medio tuvo los mayores; en hombres, el alto presentó los menores. Se corroboró el descenso de la mortalidad por homicidios en Colombia. Es vital proveer insumos para elaborar políticas de prevención de la mortalidad por homicidios a partir de investigaciones que permitan tener una visión integral del fenómeno.
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Dávila-Cervantes CA, Pardo Montaño AM. [Diabetes mellitus: Contribution to changes in the life expectancy in Mexico 1990, 2000, and 2010]. Rev Salud Publica (Bogota) 2014. [PMID: 26120860 DOI: 10.15446/rsap.v16n6.40521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the level and trend of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Mexico, and its contribution to the changes in temporary life expectancy between 20 and 100 years of age, in the period 1990-2010. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data comes from National Mortality Vital Statistics and from the Population Census from the Mexican National Institute of Geography and Statistics (INEGI). We calculated standardized mortality rates. To analyze the impact of DM on the temporary life expectancy (80e20) we used Pollards method. RESULTS Between 1990 and 2010, the standardized mortality rate for people 20 years and older increased by 224 %. The contribution of DM for men to the change in life expectancy during 1990-2000 was a reduction of 0.31 years; for women was a reduction of 0.32 years; in the period 2000-2010 the reduction continued for both men and women (0.34 and 0.12 years respectively). CONCLUSIONS Mortality from DM continues to increase, especially for men, but for women a modest reduction was observed. It is essential to apply health services and programs aimed at reducing mortality from this cause, focused on prevention, early detection and timely treatment, with concrete actions on vulnerable groups.
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Dávila-Cervantes CA, Pardo-Montaño AM. [Death by homicide in Colombia and Mexico: magnitude and trends, 2000-2011]. REVISTA PANAMERICANA DE SALUD PUBLICA = PAN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 36:10-6. [PMID: 25211672 DOI: pmid/25211672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify the magnitude and explain the trends and impact of death by homicide in Colombia and Mexico between 2000 and 2011 at the national level and by sex. METHODS Data were obtained from national homicide statistics (Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística [DANE], Colombia; and Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía [INEGI], Mexico). Standardized death rates and years of life lost (YLL) were calculated (the latter assuming zero mortality) in people 15–49 years old. RESULTS In Colombia, between 2000 and 2002, deaths by homicide increased from 71.3 to 76.7 per 100 000 (7.5%); by 2011 this figure had fallen to 36.1. YLL in the same period increased to 0.58 years overall, reducing temporary life expectancy by one year in men and 0.1 years in women. Between 2002 and 2011, YLL was 0.45 years in both sexes: 0.83 in men and 0.07 in women. This decline occurred mainly in persons over 45 years of age. In Mexico, between 2000 and 2007, homicide rates fell from 10.8 to 8.2 per 100,000 and YLL dropped by 24%. Between 2008 and 2011, mortality and YLL increased significantly in both sexes (191.2% and 164.5%, respectively), reducing life expectancy by 0.39 years in men and 0.04 years in women. CONCLUSIONS It was corroborated that there has been a decline in deaths by homicide in Colombia and a significant rise in Mexico after a period of continuous reduction. Numerous actions should be taken to continue reducing homicides in Colombia and to reverse the current trend in Mexico.
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González-Villalpando C, Dávila-Cervantes CA, Zamora-Macorra M, Trejo-Valdivia B, González-Villalpando ME. Risk factors associated to diabetes in Mexican population and phenotype of the individuals who will convert to diabetes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 56:317-22. [PMID: 25604171 DOI: 10.21149/spm.v56i4.7351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective. To describe risk factors associated to the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Mexican population and to define phenotypic (clinical, anthropometric, metabolic) characteristics present in the individual who will convert to diabetes, regardless of time of onset. Materials and methods. The Mexico City Diabetes Study began in 1990, with 2 282 participants, and had three subsequent phases: 1994, 1998, and 2008. A systematic evaluation with an oral glucose tolerance test was performed in each phase. For diagnosis of T2D, American Diabetes Association criteria were used. Results. The population at risk was 1939 individuals. Subjects who were in the converter stage (initially non diabetic that eventually converted to T2D) had, at baseline, higher BMI (30 vs 27), systolic blood pressure (119 vs 116 mmHg), fasting glucose (90 vs 82mg/dl), triglycerides (239 vs 196mg/dl), and cholesterol (192 vs 190mg/dl), compared with subjects who remained non converters (p<0.05). Conclusion. The phenotype described represents a potentially identifiable phase and a target for preventive intervention.
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Agudelo-Botero M, Dávila-Cervantes CA. [Effect of avoidable and non-avoidable deaths on life expectancy in Mexico, 1998-2000 and 2008-2010]. REVISTA PANAMERICANA DE SALUD PUBLICA = PAN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 35:121-7. [PMID: 24781093 DOI: pmid/24781093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Estimate the changes in life expectancy related to avoidable and nonavoidable deaths in Mexico between the three-year periods from 1998-2000 and 2008-2010 by sex and age group. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Data from official sources on deaths recorded from 0-74 years of age and population estimates (Mexican and worldwide) for the three-year periods from 1998-2000 and 2008-2010 was used. The crude and standardized death rates and years of life expectancy lost in the periods studied were calculated. Estimates were made of the effect of avoidable and non-avoidable deaths on life expectancy from 0-74 years of age, using the Arriaga method, and temporary life expectancy by age group. RESULTS Mortality due to avoidable causes increased by 2.1% whereas mortality related to non-avoidable causes decreased by 2.3%, with differences according to sex. Life expectancy at birth was 74.2 years in the three-year period from 1998-2000 and 75.1 years in the three-year period from 2008-2010. Temporary life expectancy from 0-74 years of age remained nearly the same at about 68.6 years. CONCLUSIONS Years of life expectancy can be gained through actions that promote health and disease prevention, mainly by reducing deaths due to avoidable causes. Cross-sectional population-based interventions and strategies should be developed, focusing on specific subgroups, from a gender and generational perspective, and adjusted for the specific geographical, socioeconomic, and cultural features of the target population.
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Dávila-Cervantes CA, Agudelo-Botero M, Gloria-Hernández LE. Diabetes en México y Colombia: análisis de la tendencia de años de vida perdidos, 1998-2007. Rev Salud Publica (Bogota) 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s0124-00642011000400002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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