Insight into small-molecule inhibitors targeting extracellular nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase1 for potential multiple human diseases

Extracellular nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) has been identified as a type II transmembrane glycoprotein. It plays a crucial role in various biological processes, such as bone mineralization, cancer cell proliferation, and immune regulation. Consequently, ENPP1 has garnered attention as a promising target for pharmacological interventions. Despite its potential, the development of clinical-stage ENPP1 inhibitors for solid tumors, diabetes, and silent rickets remains limited. However, there are encouraging findings from preclinical trials involving small molecules exhibiting favorable therapeutic effects and safety profiles. This perspective aims to shed light on the structural properties, biological functions and the relationship between ENPP1 and diseases. Additionally, it focuses on the structure-activity relationship of ENPP1 inhibitors, with the intention of guiding the future development of new and effective ENPP1 inhibitors.

[Safety and efficacy of acute stent implantation during endovascular treatment for patients with emergent large vessel occlusion due to intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis]

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of acute stent implantation during endovascular treatment for patients with emergent large vessel occlusion due to intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis. Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out on 46 patients with emergent large vessel occlusion due to intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis who received endovascular treatment at the Strategic Support Force Medical Center from January 2015 to August 2022. Twenty-seven patients underwent balloon angioplasty alone and 19 patients underwent acute stent implantation. The baseline characteristics, modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (mTICI) score of the responsible vessels, modified Rankin scale (mRS) score 90 days after operation, incidence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and mortality of the two groups were evaluated. Results: The proportion of effective recanalization of the offending vessels (mTICI≥2b) in the acute stenting group was slightly higher than that in the balloon angioplasty group (16/19 vs. 81.5%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Besides, there was no significant difference in the median of mRS between the acute stenting group [3.0(0, 4.0)] and the balloon angioplasty group [4.0(1.0, 5.0)] 90 days after operation (P>0.05). In terms of safety, the incidence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and mortality were comparable between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions: The effect of acute stent implantation during endovascular treatment for patients with emergent large vessel occlusion due to intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis is not inferior to that of balloon angioplasty, and it does not increase the risk of intracranial bleeding complications.

"Triple-low" radiation dose bronchial artery CT angiography before bronchial artery embolisation: a feasibility study

AIM

To explore the feasibility of a "triple-low" dose (low tube voltage, low tube current, and low contrast agent volume) bronchial artery computed tomography (CT) angiography (CTA) to replace routine dose bronchial artery CTA before bronchial artery embolisation (BAE).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

CTA was obtained from 60 patients with body mass index (BMI) < 30 kg/m2 using a 256 multi-section iCT system, and they were divided into two groups: (1) group A: 100 kVp, 100 mAs, 50 ml contrast medium (CM); (2) group B: 120 kVp, automatic tube current modulation (ACTM), 80 ml CM. CT attenuation of the thoracic aorta, image noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were calculated, and subjective image quality scores and traceability scores assessed. The effective radiation dose was calculated.

RESULTS

The radiation dose was reduced by 79.7% in group A compared to group B (p<0.05). The CT attenuation of the thoracic aorta was increased by approximately 13% in group A compared to group B (p<0.05). Higher image noise, lower SNR, and CNR were obtained in group A compared to group B (all p<0.05). Both subjective image quality scores and traceability scores did not differ between groups A and B (both p>0.05).

CONCLUSION

It is feasible to use the "triple-low" dose CTA protocol for patients with a body mass index (BMI) < 30 kg/m2. The radiation dose was reduced by 79.7%, and the dose of contrast medium was reduced by 37.5% to ensure the diagnostic value.

Laparoscopic posterior pelvic exenteration is safe and feasible for locally advanced primary rectal cancer in female patients: a comparative study from China PelvEx collaborative

PURPOSE

Posterior pelvic exenteration (PPE) for locally advanced rectal cancer is a technical and challenging procedure. The safety and feasibility of laparoscopic PPE remain to be determined. This study aims to compare short-term and survival outcomes of laparoscopic PPE (LPPE) with open PPE (OPPE) in female patients.

METHOD

From January 2015 to December 2020, data from 105 female patients who underwent PPE at three institutions were retrospectively analyzed. The short-term and oncological outcomes between LPPE and OPPE were compared.

RESULTS

A total of 54 cases with LPPE and 51 cases with OPPE were enrolled. The operative time (240 vs. 295 min, p = 0.009), blood loss (100 vs. 300 ml, p < 0.001), surgical site infection (SSI) rate (20.4% vs. 58.8%, p = 0.003), urinary retention rate (3.7% vs. 17.6%, p = 0.020), and postoperative hospital stay (10 vs. 13 days, p = 0.009) were significantly lower in the LPPE group. The two groups showed no significant differences in the local recurrence rate (p = 0.296), 3-year overall survival (p = 0.129), or 3-year disease-free survival (p = 0.082). A higher CEA level (HR 1.02, p = 0.002), poor tumor differentiation (HR 3.05, p = 0.004), and (y)pT4b stage (HR 2.35, p = 0.035) were independent risk factors for disease-free survival.

CONCLUSION

LPPE is safe and feasible for locally advanced rectal cancers and shows lower operative time and blood loss, fewer SSI complications, and better preservation of bladder function without compromising oncological outcomes.

PDE4 inhibitors for disease therapy: advances and future perspective

The PDE4 enzyme family is specifically responsible for hydrolyzing cAMP and plays a vital role in regulating the balance of second messengers. As a crucial regulator in signal transduction, PDE4 has displayed promising pharmacological targets in a variety of diseases, for which its inhibitors have been used as a therapeutic strategy. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the development of PDE4 inhibitors in the past few years, along with the structure, clinical and research progress of multiple inhibitors of PDE4, focusing on the research and development strategies of PDE4 inhibitors. We hope our analysis will provide a significant reference for the future development of new PDE4 inhibitors.

Short- and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic versus open pelvic exenteration for locally advanced rectal cancer: a single-center propensity score matching analysis

BACKGROUND

Research on short-term outcomes and long-term oncological results of laparoscopic pelvic exenteration (LPE) for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is still limited. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of LPE and open pelvic exenteration (OPE).

METHODS

Between January 2010 and December 2019, consecutive LARC patients who underwent radical pelvic exenteration at Peking University First Hospital were enrolled. Groups were matched at a 1:1 ratio using propensity score matching. The primary endpoints were 3 year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The secondary endpoints were postoperative short-term outcomes.

RESULTS

There were 144 patients (68 males and 76 females, median age 58.5 [range 27.0-86.0] years). After matching, patients were stratified into LPE (n = 48) and OPE (n = 48) groups (LPE: 24 males and 24 females, median age 57.0 [range 27.0-81.0] years; OPE: 26 males and 22 females, median age 58.0[range 36.0-80.0] years). There were no significant differences on baseline data between the two groups. Compared with the OPE group, the LPE group had a significantly lower estimated blood loss (200 vs 500 ml, p = 0.003), less overall postoperative complications (12/48 vs 25/48, p = 0.006), less surgical site infection (8/48 vs 20/48, p = 0.007), shorter length of stay (12 vs. 15 days, p = 0.005), but similar operative time (344 vs. 360 min, p = 0.493). The pathological R0 resection rate (98.0% vs. 93.7%, p = 0.610), 3 year local recurrence (18.4% vs. 23.5, p = 0.140), 3 year OS (74.6% vs. 65.5%, p = 0.290) and 3-year DFS (60.0% vs. 50.3%, p = 0.208) were similar between the two groups. Shorter distance from anal verge (HR = 0.92, p = 0.042), (y) pT4b (HR = 2.45, p = 0.023), (y)pN1-2 (HR = 2.42, p = 0.004) and positive CRM (HR = 6.23, p = 0.004) were independent prognostic risks for 3 year DFS.

CONCLUSIONS

LPE can be performed safely and has certain short-term advantages over OPE, most notably less blood loss and surgical site infection. However, LPE does not improve long-term oncological outcomes.

Transcription factor MdLSD1 negatively regulates α-farnesene biosynthesis in apple-fruit skin tissue

α-Farnesene is a sesquiterpene present in plants. It was first discovered in apples. It plays an important role in the plant defence response and is considered a key factor in the occurrence of superficial scald. The gene encoding α-farnesene synthase, which is the last key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of α-farnesene in apple fruit, has become the primary target enzyme for controlling the genetic manipulation of α-farnesene biosynthesis. In this study, the yeast one-hybrid assay and the dual luciferase assay were used to ascertain the relationship between MdLSD1 and MdAFS. Real-time PCR was used to analyse the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of MdAFS by MdLSD1. Our results revealed that transcription factor MdLSD1, which is closely related to programmed cell death in apple fruit tissues, binds to MdAFS. Transient transformation of apple skin with vectors overexpressing MdLSD1 showed that the gene negatively regulates MdAFS. Overall, we suggest that MdLSD1 negatively regulates MdAFS. Our results are of great significance for future research on the transcriptional regulation of the α-farnesene synthase gene and provide a new direction for exploring the specific mechanism of programmed cell death involved in superficial-scald incidence.

POS1368 DIVERSITY OF HEMODYNAMIC TYPES IN CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASE ASSOCIATED PULMONARY HYPERTENSION: MORE THAN A SUBGROUP OF PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

Background

Connective tissue disease (CTD) associated pulmonary hypertension (PH) is classified as a subgroup of WHO group 1 PH, also called pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, not all CTD-PH fit the hemodynamic definition of PAH. This study investigates the diversity of hemodynamical types of CTD-PH, their different clinical characteristics and outcomes.

Objectives

This study investigates the diversity of hemodynamical types of CTD-PH, their different clinical characteristics and outcomes.

Methods

We performed a retrospective cohort study. CTD-PH patients underwent right heart catheterization (RHC) were enrolled and divided into WHO group1 PH, WHO group 2 PH and high output PH (PVR<3WU and PAWP<15mmHg) according to hemodynamic features. Patients with obvious lung diseases, left heart disease and pulmonary embolism were excluded. Baseline characteristics, inflammatory markers, autoantibodies, cardiac function status, echocardiogram parameters, hemodynamics and survival rates were compared.

Results

207 CTD-PH patients were included, including 139 in WHO group 1 PH, 36 in WHO group 2 PH and 32 in high output PH. Incidence of anti-ribonucleoprotein antibody was lower in WHO Group 2 PH. High output PH is less severe, presenting lower NT-proBNP level, better WHO functional class, lower mPAP and PVR, higher cardiac output, and less cardiac remodeling. Among patients with elevated PAWP, combine pre& post-capillary PH had higher mPAP and larger right ventricle diameter. Association of mild to moderate interstitial lung disease didn’t show significant difference in disease characteristics. Short-term survival was significantly worse in WHO group 2 PH, yet 5-year survival rates didn’t differ between groups.

Conclusion

Pre-capillary PH is not the only hemodynamic type of CTD-PH. Different types of CTD-PH present different clinical phenotypes and outcome. Carefully phenotyping PH in CTD-PH patients is important.

Disclosure of Interests

None declared

[Safety and efficacy of intra-arterial tirofiban infusion in patients with acute cardiogenic cerebral embolism undergoing endovascular reperfusion therapy]

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intra-arterial tirofiban infusion during endovascular reperfusion therapy in patients with acute cardiogenic cerebral embolism. Methods: Clinical data of 72 patients with acute cardiogenic cerebral embolism caused by large artery occlusion were retrospectively analyzed in Department of Neurology, Strategic Support Force Medical Center from August 2015 to August 2020.Among those, 52 patients were treated with intra-arterial tirofiban, the other 20 patients were treated with control medication. The baseline characteristics, modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (mTICI) score of responsible vessels, modified Rankin scale (mRS) score 90 days after operation, incidence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and mortality were evaluated and compared in two groups. Results: The proportion of effective recanalization of the offending vessels (mTICI≥2b) in tirofiban group was higher than that in control group (92.3% vs. 75.0%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.104). At 90 days after operation, the rate of patients with good prognosis (mRS≤2) in tirofiban group (61.5%) was significantly higher than that in control group (35.0%) (P<0.05). The incidence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and mortality were comparable between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Intra-arterial tirofiban infusion in patients with acute cardiogenic cerebral embolism is effective and feasible, which improves the prognosis without increasing the risk of intracranial bleeding complications.

Correlation of Four Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of the RELN Gene With Schizophrenia

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to determine the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the RELN gene and schizophrenia.

METHODS

134 patients aged 16 to 58 (mean, 38.0) years who were diagnosed with acute or chronic schizophrenia at the Zhongshan Third People's Hospital between January 2018 and April 2020 were recruited, as were 64 healthy controls aged 22 to 59 (mean, 45.6) years who matched with the age and sex of the patients. MassARRAY mass spectrometry genotyping technology was used to determine the genotypes of four SNPs of RELN (rs2073559, rs2229864, rs362691, and rs736707).

RESULTS

There were no significant between-group or between-sex differences in terms of genotype, allele frequency, or haplotype frequency of the SNPs (all p > 0.05). In the association analysis between genotypes and quantitative traits in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, rs2229864 and rs736707 were associated with the scores for items P3 (hallucinatory behaviour) and G11 (attention disorder), and rs362691 was associated with G10 (disorientation). However, the associations did not remain significant after Bonferroni correction.

CONCLUSION

Multiple pathogenic polymorphisms of RELN might be associated with hallucinatory behaviour and attention disorder in Chinese patients with schizophrenia.

[Study on protective effect of dust mask for workers exposed to super absorbent polymer dust]

Objective: To analyze the protective effect of dust masks worn by super absorbent polymer (SAP) dust-exposed workers and the influence of each test exercise on the protective effect of mask. Methods: In March 2017, forty nine SAP dust-exposed workers in a large chemical enterprise were selected as subjects. The respirator fitness tester was used to test the protective effect of dust mask before and after training, and the influence of each test exercise on the protective effect of dust mask was analyzed. Results: After training, the qualified rate of dust mask protective effect of SAP dust-exposed workers was 95.92% (47/49) , which was significantly higher than that before training [63.31% (32/49) ], and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=14.69, P<0.01) . When the total protective effect was qualified, the fit factor (FF) decreased significantly when speaking aloud and bending down (Z=-2.59, -4.20, P<0.01) . The qualified rates of protective effect of each exercise were significantly different (χ²=42.70, P<0.01) , among which the qualified rates of deep breath was the highest (100.00%) , and the qualified rate of bending down was the lowest (70.21%) . Conclusion: Strengthening the training of workers to wear masks correctly is helpful to improve their respiratory protection efficiency. Under the condition that the total protective effect of dust masks is qualified, workers should try to avoid unnecessary actions, especially speaking aloud and bending down frequently.

[Clinical and molecular pathological features of uterine inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor]

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and molecular pathologic features of uterine inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (UIMT). Methods: Six UIMT cases collected at Department of Pathology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University from 2019 to 2020. They were analyzed for their general characteristics and clinicopathologic features. ALK rearrangements were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Results: The age of the six patients ranged from 14 to 65 years, the tumors ranged in size from 2.5 to 6.0 cm. The masses were intramural or submucosal in location. Most of them (4/6) were white with yellow foci, and two (2/6) were white with tan foci. Other features noted included a soft or firm appearance. The fasciitis-like pattern of UIMT had myxoid stroma around the spindle cells and inflammatory cells. The ganglion-like pattern showed either fascicular or storiform architecture with diffuse growth. Nuclear atypia was mild or moderate. Mitoses ranged from 2 to 4 per 10 high-power fields. Five tumors were ALK-positive with granular cytoplasmic staining by immunohistochemistry. ALK rearrangements were detected in five cases but was absent in one case. Conclusions: UIMT is an intermediate grade soft tissue tumor, a minority may present with extrauterine spread and/or recurrence. The tumors are composed of spindled cells. The main differentials include smooth muscle tumors and endometrial stromal tumors and their morphology may overlap with that of UIMT. Immunohistochemical positivity for ALK or FISH testing for ALK rearrangements can help in the diagnosis.

Transfemoral-venous transcatheter access to left ventricle through the created communication of inter-ventricular septum with the assistance of arterio-venous circuit

Background

During transcatheter aortic/mitral valve replacement (TA/MVR), current available routes are limited due to unfavorable entry-angle, vessel-anatomy or mini-thoracotomy. Through created communication of inter-ventricular septum (C-IVS), transfemoral venous transcatheter access to left ventricle becomes feasible with the assistance of arterio-venous circuit.

Purpose

The study was conducted to investigate the feasibility and safety of transfemoral-venous transcatheter access to left ventricle through the created C-IVS in a swine model.

Methods

Via femoral artery, transcatheter puncture of mid-IVS was performed with the custom-made nickel-titanium needle (0.038-inch, needle-tip bent 60 degrees automatically associated with increased hardness when temperature was above 30°C) and 6F-sheath in 20 healthy Chinese mini-swine. Then femoral arterio-venous circuit was established through created C-IVS with hydrophilic guidewire in all swine, and femoral veno-venous circuit was further created through C-IVS and atrial septum in 4 swine. After pre-dilation of C-IVS, a 20F-sheath was introduced into left ventricle transvenously over the guidewire. Furthermore, transfemoral-venous TAVR was attempted with this approach in one swine. C-IVS was evaluated postoperatively and was further confirmed pathologically 2 months later.

Results

All transcatheter puncture of IVS was performed successfully in left ventricle and the thickness of mid-IVS was 7.67±0.98 mm. During the puncture, ventricular fibrillation occurred in one swine (successfully defibrillation) and only isolated ventricular premature beats/non-sustained ventricular tachycardia were observed in other swine. In all swine, femoral arterio-venous/veno-venous circuit was established via C-IVS, and the 20F-sheath was introduced into left ventricle safely through femoral vein and C-IVS. With the aid of vessel circuit, the 20F-sheath was further advanced into aorta in 16 swine (the entry-angle was 145.3±12.2 degrees) and into left atrium in 4 swine. After the procedure, there was one swine with moderate tricuspid regurgitation and 5 swine with mild residual shunt (2.6±0.7 mm). In addition, epicardial coronary arteries were normal in all swine. Two months later, residual shunt was still detected in 3 swine and the communication was confirmed pathologically. In other swine, there was no defect of IVS and mild replacement-scar was identified along C-IVS. In the swine underwent transfemoral-venous TAVR, prosthetic valve was deployed successfully with good function.

Conclusions

With the aid of vessel circuit, transfemoral-venous transcatheter access to left ventricle is feasible and safe via C-IVS, and transfemoral-venous TAVR was achieved successfully using this novel approach with favorable entry-angle.

Figure 1

Funding Acknowledgement

Type of funding source: Other. Main funding source(s): National Natural Science Foundation of China

[The keypoints in treatment of the critical coronavirus disease 2019 patient(1)]

COVID-19 has been prevalent in Wuhan and spread rapidly to all of our country. Some cases can develop into ARDS, or even death. We will share the treatment experience of severe COVID-19 with the first-line treatment experience. The best respiratory support mode should be selected, but the timing of intubation and protection during intubation are two difficulties; patients with high level peep and poor effect in prone position can be given ECMO support. For COVID-19 patients with mechanical ventilation, reasonable sedation and analgesia strategies should be formulated; delirium should not be ignored. In addition, there is up regulation of inflammatory factors in patients with severe COVID-19, but the effect of renal replacement therapy needs to be further confirmed by clinical research.

[The keypoints in treatment of the critical coronavirus disease 2019 patient(2)]

The treatment of critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) faces compelling challenges. In this issue, we'd like to share our first-line treatment experience in treating COVID-19. Hemodynamics need be closely monitored and different types of shock should be distinguished. Vasoconstrictor drugs should be used rationally and alerting of complications is of the same importance. The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) needs to be assessed, and effective prevention should be carried out for high-risk patients. It is necessary to consider the possibility of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) in patients with sudden onset of oxygenation deterioration, respiratory distress, reduced blood pressure. However, comprehensive analysis of disease state should be taken into the interpretation of abnormally elevated D-Dimer. Nutritional support is the basis of treatment. It's important to establish individual therapy regimens and to evaluate, monitor and adjust dynamically. Under the current epidemic situation, convalescent plasma can only be used empirically, indications need to be strictly screened, the blood transfusion process should be closely monitored and the curative effect should be dynamically evaluated.

Integrated sensing layer of bacterial cellulose and polyethyleneimine to achieve high sensitivity of ST-cut quartz surface acoustic wave formaldehyde gas sensor

Surface acoustic wave (SAW)-based formaldehyde gas sensor using bi-layer nanofilms of bacterial cellulose (BC) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) was developed on an ST-cut quartz substrate using sol-gel and spin coating processes. BC nanofilms significantly improve the sensitivity of PEI films to formaldehyde gas, and reduces response and recovery times. The BC films have superfine filamentary and fibrous network structures, which provide a large number of attachment sites for the PEI particles. Measurement results obtained using in situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the primary amino groups of PEI strongly adsorb formaldehyde molecules through nucleophilic reactions, thus resulting in a negative frequency shift of the SAW sensor due to the mass loading effect. In addition, experimental results showed that the frequency shifts of the SAW devices are determined by thickness of PEI film, concentration of formaldehyde and relative humidity. The PEI/BC sensor coated with three layers of PEI as the sensing layer showed the optimal sensing performance, which had a frequency shift of 35.6 kHz for 10 ppm formaldehyde gas, measured at room temperature and 30 % RH. The sensor also showed good selectivity and stability, with a low limit of detection down to 100 ppb.

Rapid and visual detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) by a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and compare it with RT-PCR.

METHODS

We designed primers specific to the orf1ab and S genes of SARS-CoV-2. Total viral RNA was extracted using the QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit. We optimized the RT-LAMP assay, and evaluated it for its sensitivity and specificity of detection using real-time turbidity monitoring and visual observation.

RESULTS

The primer sets orf1ab-4 and S-123 amplified the genes in the shortest times, the mean (±SD) times were 18 ± 1.32 min and 20 ± 1.80 min, respectively, and 63°C was the optimum reaction temperature. The sensitivities were 2 × 10¹ copies and 2 × 10² copies per reaction with primer sets orf1ab-4 and S-123, respectively. This assay showed no cross-reactivity with 60 other respiratory pathogens. To describe the availability of this method in clinical diagnosis, we collected 130 specimens from patients with clinically suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection. Among them, 58 were confirmed to be positive and 72 were negative by RT-LAMP. The sensitivity was 100% (95% CI 92.3%-100%), specificity 100% (95% CI 93.7%-100%). This assay detected SARS-CoV-2 in a mean (±SD) time of 26.28 ± 4.48 min and the results can be identified with visual observation.

CONCLUSION

These results demonstrate that we developed a rapid, simple, specific and sensitive RT-LAMP assay for SARS-CoV-2 detection among clinical samples. It will be a powerful tool for SARS-CoV-2 identification, and for monitoring suspected patients, close contacts and high-risk groups.

[Pharmacotherapeutics for the new coronavirus pneumonia]

The new coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), also named as COVID-19 by WHO on Feb 11 2020, is now causing a severe public health emergency in China since. The number of diagnosed cases is more than 40,000 until the submission of this manuscript. Coronavirus has caused several epidemic situations world widely, but the present contagious disease caused by 2019 new coronavirus is unprecedentedly fulminating. The published cohorts of 2019 new coronavirus (n-Cov) are single-center studies, or retrospective studies. We here share the therapeutic experiences of NCP treatment with literature review. Combination of Ribavirin and interferon-α is recommended by the 5(th) edition National Health Commission's Regimen (Revised Edition) because of the effect on Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and the effectiveness of Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Remdisivir needs to be confirmed by randomized controlled trial (RCT), given the situation of no specific antivirus drug on NCP is unavailable. Systemic glucocorticosteroid is recommended as a short term use (1~2 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1), 3~5 d) by the 5(th) edition National Health Commission's Regimen (Revised Edition) yet RCTs are expected to confirm the effectiveness. Inappropriate application of antibiotics should be avoided, especially the combination of broad-spectrum antibiotics, for the NCP is not often complicated with bacterial infection.