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Mroueh A, Fakih W, Carmona A, Trimaille A, Matsushita K, Marchandot B, Qureshi AW, Gong DS, Auger C, Sattler L, Reydel A, Hess S, Oulehri W, Vollmer O, Lessinger JM, Meyer N, Pieper MP, Jesel L, Bäck M, Schini-Kerth V, Morel O. COVID-19 promotes endothelial dysfunction and thrombogenicity: role of proinflammatory cytokines/SGLT2 prooxidant pathway. J Thromb Haemost 2024; 22:286-299. [PMID: 37797691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. Although cytokines have a predominant role in endothelium damage, the precise molecular mechanisms are far from being elucidated. OBJECTIVES The present study hypothesized that inflammation in patients with COVID-19 contributes to endothelial dysfunction through redox-sensitive SGLT2 overexpression and investigated the protective effect of SGLT2 inhibition by empagliflozin. METHODS Human plasma samples were collected from patients with acute, subacute, and long COVID-19 (n = 100), patients with non-COVID-19 and cardiovascular risk factors (n = 50), and healthy volunteers (n = 25). Porcine coronary artery endothelial cells (ECs) were incubated with plasma (10%). Protein expression levels were determined using Western blot analyses and immunofluorescence staining, mRNA expression by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and the level of oxidative stress by dihydroethidium staining. Platelet adhesion, aggregation, and thrombin generation were determined. RESULTS Increased plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 were observed in patients with COVID-19. Exposure of ECs to COVID-19 plasma with high cytokines levels induced redox-sensitive upregulation of SGLT2 expression via proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α which, in turn, fueled endothelial dysfunction, senescence, NF-κB activation, inflammation, platelet adhesion and aggregation, von Willebrand factor secretion, and thrombin generation. The stimulatory effect of COVID-19 plasma was blunted by neutralizing antibodies against proinflammatory cytokines and empagliflozin. CONCLUSION In patients with COVID-19, proinflammatory cytokines induced a redox-sensitive upregulation of SGLT2 expression in ECs, which in turn promoted endothelial injury, senescence, platelet adhesion, aggregation, and thrombin generation. SGLT2 inhibition with empagliflozin appeared as an attractive strategy to restore vascular homeostasis in COVID-19.
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Velay A, Gallais F, Wendling MJ, Bayer S, Reix N, Schneider A, Glady L, Collongues N, Lessinger JM, Hansmann Y, Kling-Pillitteri L, De Sèze J, Gonzalez M, Schmidt-Mutter C, Meyer N, Fafi-Kremer S. COVID-19 exposure in SARS-CoV-2-seropositive hospital staff members during the first pandemic wave at Strasbourg University Hospital, France. Infect Dis Now 2021; 52:23-30. [PMID: 34775140 PMCID: PMC8582228 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Strasbourg University Hospital faced an important COVID-19 first wave from early March 2020. We performed a longitudinal prospective cohort study to describe clinical and virological data, exposure history to COVID-19, and adherence to strict hygiene standards during the first pandemic wave in 1497 workers undergoing a SARS-CoV-2 serological test at our hospital, with a follow up of serology result three months later. Patients and Methods A total of 1497 patients were enrolled from April 6 to May 7, 2020. Antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 was measured, and COVID-19 exposure routes were analyzed according to SARS-CoV-2 serological status. Results A total of 515 patients (34.4%) were seropositive, mainly medical students (13.2%) and assistant nurses (12.0%). A history of COVID-19 exposure in a professional and/or private setting was mentioned by 83.1% of seropositive subjects (P < 0.05; odds ratio [OR]: 2.5; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.8–3.4). COVID-19 exposure factors associated with seropositive status were non-professional exposure (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.3–2.7), especially outside the immediate family circle (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2–3.9) and contact with a COVID-19 patient (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1–2.2). Among professionally exposed workers, systematic adherence to strict hygiene standards was well observed, except for the use of a surgical mask (P < 0.05, OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.3–2.8). Of those who reported occasionally or never wearing a surgical mask, nurses (25.7%), assistant nurses (16.2%), and medical students (11.7%) were predominant. Conclusion Infection of staff members during the first pandemic wave in our hospital occurred after both professional and private COVID-19 exposure, underlining the importance of continuous training in strict hygiene standards.
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Gallais F, Gantner P, Bruel T, Velay A, Planas D, Wendling MJ, Bayer S, Solis M, Laugel E, Reix N, Schneider A, Glady L, Panaget B, Collongues N, Partisani M, Lessinger JM, Fontanet A, Rey D, Hansmann Y, Kling-Pillitteri L, Schwartz O, De Sèze J, Meyer N, Gonzalez M, Schmidt-Mutter C, Fafi-Kremer S. Evolution of antibody responses up to 13 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection and risk of reinfection. EBioMedicine 2021; 71:103561. [PMID: 34455390 PMCID: PMC8390300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Assessment of the kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies is essential in predicting risk of reinfection and durability of vaccine protection. Methods This is a prospective, monocentric, longitudinal, cohort clinical study. Healthcare workers (HCW) from Strasbourg University Hospital were enrolled between April 6th and May 7th, 2020 and followed up to 422 days. Serial serum samples were tested for antibodies against the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of the spike protein and nucleocapsid protein (N) to characterize the kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and the incidence of reinfection. Live-neutralization assays were performed for a subset of samples before and after vaccination to analyze sensitivity to SARS-CoV-2 variants. Findings A total of 4290 samples from 393 convalescent COVID-19 and 916 COVID-19 negative individuals were analyzed. In convalescent individuals, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies followed a triphasic kinetic model with half-lives at month (M) 11–13 of 283 days (95% CI 231–349) for anti-N and 725 days (95% CI 623–921) for anti-RBD IgG, which stabilized at a median of 1.54 log BAU/mL (95% CI 1.42–1.67). The incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections was 12.22 and 0.40 per 100 person-years in COVID-19-negative and COVID-19-positive HCW, respectively, indicating a relative reduction in the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection of 96.7%. Live-virus neutralization assay revealed that after one year, variants D614G and B.1.1.7, but less so B.1.351, were sensitive to anti-RBD antibodies at 1.4 log BAU/mL, while IgG ≥ 2.0 log BAU/mL strongly neutralized all three variants. These latter anti-RBD IgG titers were reached by all vaccinated HCW regardless of pre-vaccination IgG levels and type of vaccine. Interpretation Our study demonstrates a long-term persistence of anti-RBD antibodies that may reduce risk of reinfection. By significantly increasing cross-neutralizing antibody titers, a single-dose vaccination strengthens protection against variants. Fun1ding None.
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Sabo AN, Jannier S, Becker G, Lessinger JM, Entz-Werlé N, Kemmel V. Sirolimus Pharmacokinetics Variability Points to the Relevance of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Pediatric Oncology. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040470. [PMID: 33808416 PMCID: PMC8067051 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirolimus is widely used in transplantation, where its therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is well established. Evidence of a crucial role for sirolimus in the PI3K/AkT/mTor pathway has stimulated interest in its involvement in neoplasia, either as monotherapy or in combination with other antineoplastic agents. However, in cancer, there is no consensus on sirolimus TDM. In the RAPIRI phase I trial, the combination sirolimus + irinotecan was evaluated as a new treatment for refractory pediatric cancers. Blood sampling at first sirolimus intake (D1) and at steady state (D8), followed by LC/MS2 analysis, was used to develop a population pharmacokinetic model (Monolix® software). A mono-compartmental model with first-order absorption and elimination best fit the data. The only covariate retained for the final model was “body surface area” (D1 and D8). The model also demonstrated that 1.5 mg/m2 would be the recommended sirolimus dose for further studies and that steady-state TDM is necessary to adjust the dosing regimen in atypical profiles (36.4% of the population). No correlation was found between sirolimus trough concentrations and efficacy and/or observed toxicities. The study reveals the relevance of sirolimus TDM in pediatric oncology as it is needed in organ transplantation.
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Park SH, Farooq MA, Gaertner S, Bruckert C, Qureshi AW, Lee HH, Benrahla D, Pollet B, Stephan D, Ohlmann P, Lessinger JM, Mayoux E, Auger C, Morel O, Schini-Kerth VB. Empagliflozin improved systolic blood pressure, endothelial dysfunction and heart remodeling in the metabolic syndrome ZSF1 rat. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2020; 19:19. [PMID: 32070346 PMCID: PMC7026972 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-020-00997-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Empagliflozin (empa), a selective sodium–glucose cotransporter (SGLT)2 inhibitor, reduced cardiovascular mortality and hospitalization for heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk independent of glycemic control. The cardiovascular protective effect of empa was evaluated in an experimental model of metabolic syndrome, the obese ZSF1 rat, and its’ lean control. Methods Lean and obese ZSF1 rats were either non-treated or treated with empa (30 mg/kg/day) for 6 weeks. Vascular reactivity was assessed using mesenteric artery rings, systolic blood pressure by tail-cuff sphygmomanometry, heart function and structural changes by echocardiography, and protein expression levels by Western blot analysis. Results Empa treatment reduced blood glucose levels from 275 to 196 mg/dl in obese ZSF1 rats whereas normoglycemia (134 mg/dl) was present in control lean ZSF1 rats and was unaffected by empa. Obese ZSF1 rats showed increased systolic blood pressure, and blunted endothelium-dependent relaxations associated with the appearance of endothelium-dependent contractile responses (EDCFs) compared to control lean rats. These effects were prevented by the empa treatment. Obese ZSF1 rats showed increased weight of the heart and of the left ventricle volume without the presence of diastolic or systolic dysfunction, which were improved by the empa treatment. An increased expression level of senescence markers (p53, p21, p16), tissue factor, VCAM-1, SGLT1 and SGLT2 and a down-regulation of eNOS were observed in the aortic inner curvature compared to the outer one in the control lean rats, which were prevented by the empa treatment. In the obese ZSF1 rats, no such effects were observed. The empa treatment reduced the increased body weight and weight of lungs, spleen, liver and perirenal fat, hyperglycemia and the increased levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides in obese ZSF1 rats, and increased blood ketone levels and urinary glucose excretion in control lean and obese ZSF1 rats. Conclusion Empa reduced glucose levels by 28% and improved both endothelial function and cardiac remodeling in the obese ZSF1 rat. Empa also reduced the increased expression level of senescence, and atherothrombotic markers at arterial sites at risk in the control lean, but not obese, ZSF1 rat.
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Glady L, Lavaux T, Charchour R, Lacorte JM, Lessinger JM. Interleukin-6 chemiluminescent immunoassay on Lumipulse G600 II: analytical evaluation and comparison with three other laboratory analyzers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 58:e229-e231. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2019-1145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Reix N, Lodi M, Jankowski S, Molière S, Luporsi E, Leblanc S, Scheer L, Ibnouhsein I, Benabu JC, Gabriele V, Guggiola A, Lessinger JM, Chenard MP, Alpy F, Bellocq JP, Neuberger K, Tomasetto C, Mathelin C. A novel machine learning-derived decision tree including uPA/PAI-1 for breast cancer care. Clin Chem Lab Med 2019; 57:901-910. [PMID: 30838840 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2018-1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background uPA and PAI-1 are breast cancer biomarkers that evaluate the benefit of chemotherapy (CT) for HER2-negative, estrogen receptor-positive, low or intermediate grade patients. Our objectives were to observe clinical routine use of uPA/PAI-1 and to build a new therapeutic decision tree integrating uPA/PAI-1. Methods We observed the concordance between CT indications proposed by a canonical decision tree representative of French practices (not including uPA/PAI-1) and actual CT prescriptions decided by a medical board which included uPA/PAI-1. We used a method of machine learning for the analysis of concordant and non-concordant CT prescriptions to generate a novel scheme for CT indications. Results We observed a concordance rate of 71% between indications proposed by the canonical decision tree and actual prescriptions. Discrepancies were due to CT contraindications, high tumor grade and uPA/PAI-1 level. Altogether, uPA/PAI-1 were a decisive factor for the final decision in 17% of cases by avoiding CT prescription in two-thirds of cases and inducing CT in other cases. Remarkably, we noted that in routine practice, elevated uPA/PAI-1 levels seem not to be considered as a sufficient indication for CT for N≤3, Ki 67≤30% tumors, but are considered in association with at least one additional marker such as Ki 67>14%, vascular invasion and ER-H score <150. Conclusions This study highlights that in the routine clinical practice uPA/PAI-1 are never used as the sole indication for CT. Combined with other routinely used biomarkers, uPA/PAI-1 present an added value to orientate the therapeutic choice.
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Deprez L, Toussaint B, Zegers I, Schimmel H, Grote-Koska D, Klauke R, Gella FJ, Orth M, Lessinger JM, Trenti T, Nilsson G, Ceriotti F. Commutability Assessment of Candidate Reference Materials for Pancreatic α-Amylase. Clin Chem 2018; 64:1193-1202. [DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2018.289744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Measurement standardization of the catalytic concentration of α-amylase in serum is based on 3 pillars: the primary reference measurement procedure (PRMP), reference laboratories, and suitable certified reference materials (CRMs). Commutability is a prerequisite when using a CRM for calibration and trueness control of routine methods or for value transfer from the PRMP to end-user calibrators of routine methods through a calibration hierarchy.
METHODS
We performed a commutability study with 30 serum pools and 5 candidate reference materials (RMs) for pancreatic α-amylase using an automated version of the PRMP and 5 different routine methods. Four candidate RMs had an artificial matrix, each with a different composition, and 1 candidate RM was based on human serum. Data were analyzed according to a linear regression analysis with prediction interval as described in the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guideline EP30-A and a difference in bias analysis as described in the recommendations of the IFCC Working Group on Commutability.
RESULTS
The commutability profile of the 4 candidate RMs with an artificial matrix was variable. Only 1 candidate RM, with human serum albumin in the matrix, showed a good profile like that of the candidate RM based on serum. The comparison of both commutability assessment approaches indicated some differences because of inconclusive results for the difference in bias approach, suggesting a large uncertainty on the commutability assessment.
CONCLUSIONS
A CRM for pancreatic amylase in an artificial matrix can be commutable for routine methods using the same substrate as the PRMP, but the matrix composition is crucial.
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Cordeanu EM, Gaertner S, Faller A, Mirea C, Lessinger JM, Kemmel V, Stephan D. Rifampicin reverses nicardipine effect inducing uncontrolled essential hypertension. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2017; 31:587-589. [PMID: 28407303 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Dihydropyridine calcium-channel blockers are a known substrate for the cytochrome P450 isoform 3A4. Rifampicin, an antitubercular agent, is one of the most potent inducers of hepatic and intestinal CYP3A4 thus increasing dihydropyridine metabolism. We report a case of a 67-year-old hypertensive female treated with a four-drug antihypertensive regimen including a dihydropyridine (nicardipine 50 mg bid), who was admitted for septic arthritis of the knee requiring antibiotic treatment with teicoplanin 400 mg od and rifampicin 600 mg bid. Six days after rifampicin initiation, she presented with Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome due to uncontrolled hypertension. We hypothesized that disequilibrium of previously controlled hypertension was partially due to nicardipine ineffectiveness. Plasma nicardipine concentration was assessed through high-performance liquid chromatography 5 hours after coadministration of the two drugs and proved undetectable.
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Krummel T, Prinz E, Metten MA, Borni-Duval C, Bazin-Kara D, Charlin E, Lessinger JM, Hannedouche T. Prognosis of patients with severe hyponatraemia is related not only to hyponatraemia but also to comorbidities and to medical management: results of an observational retrospective study. BMC Nephrol 2016; 17:159. [PMID: 27770791 PMCID: PMC5075397 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-016-0370-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The true cause of death in severe hyponatraemic patients remains controversial. The present study aimed to analyse the relationship between comorbidity, medical management and prognosis in severe hyponatraemic patients. Methods Medical records of all patients hospitalised in our institution in 2012 with a plasma sodium ≤120 mmol/l were retrospectively analysed. Results One hundred forty-seven of 64 723 adult patients (0.2 %) were identified with severe hyponatraemia. In-hospital mortality rate was 24.5 and 50.3 % after a median follow-up of 431 days. Patients with plasma sodium <110 mmol/l had less comorbidity (Charlson Comorbidity Index 2.2 ± 1.9 vs. 4.0 ± 3.1 (plasma sodium 110–115 mmol/l) and 4.2 ± 3.1 (plasma sodium 116–120 mmol/l); P = .02)) and a small trend for less mortality, respectively 40.0, 51.2 and 52.3 % (P = .64). At discharge, nonsurvivors and survivors had similar plasma sodium with 58.3 % of nonsurvivors being normonatraemic. Urine analysis was performed in 74.2 % of cases and associated with lower in-hospital mortality (20.2 % vs. 36.8 %, P = .05). In multivariate Cox analysis, mortality was significantly associated with plasma sodium normalisation (HR 0.35, P < 0.001), urine analysis (HR 0.48, P = .01), Charlson Comorbidity Index (HR 1.23, P < .001) and serum albumin (HR 0.88, P < .001). Conclusion Mortality in severe hyponatraemia appears mainly due to comorbidities although the latter are potentiated by hyponatraemia itself and its management thereby exacerbating the risk of death.
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Kemmel V, Mercoli HA, Meyer N, Brumaru D, Romain B, Lessinger JM, Brigand C. Mitomycin C Pharmacokinetics as Predictor of Severe Neutropenia in Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Therapy. Ann Surg Oncol 2015; 22 Suppl 3:S873-9. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-015-4679-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Sharma KK, de Rocquigny H, Darlix JL, Lavergne JP, Pénin F, Lessinger JM, Mély Y. Analysis of the RNA chaperoning activity of the hepatitis C virus core protein on the conserved 3'X region of the viral genome. Nucleic Acids Res 2011; 40:2540-53. [PMID: 22127859 PMCID: PMC3315292 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkr1140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The core protein of hepatitis c virus (HCV) is a structural protein with potent RNA chaperoning activities mediated by its hydrophilic N-terminal domain D1, which is thought to play a key role in HCV replication. To further characterize the core chaperoning properties, we studied the interactions between core D1 and the conserved HCV 3'X genomic region required for genome replication. To this end, we monitored the real-time annealing kinetics of native and mutated fluorescently labelled 16-nt palindromic sequence (DLS) and 27-nt Stem Loop II (SL2) from X with their respective complementary sequences. Core D1 and peptides consisting of the core basic domains were found to promote both annealing reactions and partly switch the loop-loop interaction pathway, which predominates in the absence of peptide, towards a pathway involving the stem termini. The chaperone properties of the core D1 peptides were found to be mediated through interaction of their basic clusters with the oligonucleotide phosphate groups, in line with the absence of high affinity site for core on HCV genomic RNA. The core ability to facilitate the interconversion between different RNA structures may explain how this protein regulates RNA structural transitions during HCV replication.
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Schumann G, Klauke R, Canalias F, Bossert-Reuther S, Franck PFH, Gella FJ, Jørgensen PJ, Kang D, Lessinger JM, Panteghini M, Ceriotti F. IFCC primary reference procedures for the measurement of catalytic activity concentrations of enzymes at 37 °C. Part 9: reference procedure for the measurement of catalytic concentration of alkaline phosphatase International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) Scientific Division, Committee on Reference Systems of Enzymes (C-RSE) (1)). Clin Chem Lab Med 2011; 49:1439-46. [PMID: 21702699 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2011.621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract This paper is the ninth in a series dealing with reference procedures for the measurement of catalytic activity concentrations of enzymes at 37 °C and the certification of reference preparations. Other parts deal with: Part 1. The concept of reference procedures for the measurement of catalytic activity concentrations of enzymes; Part 2. Reference procedure for the measurement of catalytic concentration of creatine kinase; Part 3. Reference procedure for the measurement of catalytic concentration of lactate dehydrogenase; Part 4. Reference procedure for the measurement of catalytic concentration of alanine aminotransferase; Part 5. Reference procedure for the measurement of catalytic concentration of aspartate aminotransferase; Part 6. Reference procedure for the measurement of catalytic concentration of γ-glutamyltransferase; Part 7. Certification of four reference materials for the determination of enzymatic activity of γ-glutamyltransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase and creatine kinase at 37 °C; Part 8. Reference procedure for the measurement of catalytic concentration of α-amylase. The procedure described here is derived from the previously described 30 °C IFCC reference method. Differences are tabulated and commented on in Appendix 1.
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Schumann G, Canalias F, Joergensen PJ, Kang D, Lessinger JM, Klauke R, Committee On Reference Systems For Enzymes C-Rse, International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine Scientific Division. IFCC reference procedures for measurement of the catalytic concentrations of enzymes: corrigendum, notes and useful advice. International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC)--IFCC Scientific Division. Clin Chem Lab Med 2010; 48:615-21. [PMID: 20298135 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2010.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The primary reference measurement procedures (PRMPs) for the international standardization of catalytic concentration measurements of alpha-amylase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), gamma-glutamyltransferase and lactate dehydrogenase have been performed in reference laboratories for several years. The IFCC Committee on Reference Systems for Enzymes and two reference laboratories, with official accreditation for the PRMPs, have collected useful information on some of the steps of the reference procedures that require special attention. This document comprises errata corrige for minor mistakes in published PRMPs for AST and CK. Several notes on the PRMPs are emphasized. This includes details that are very important for improved standardization, and general suggestions for reducing measurement uncertainty.
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Sharma KK, Didier P, Darlix JL, de Rocquigny H, Bensikaddour H, Lavergne JP, Pénin F, Lessinger JM, Mély Y. Kinetic analysis of the nucleic acid chaperone activity of the hepatitis C virus core protein. Nucleic Acids Res 2010; 38:3632-42. [PMID: 20167640 PMCID: PMC2887961 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkq094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional HCV core protein consists of a hydrophilic RNA interacting D1 domain and a hydrophobic D2 domain interacting with membranes and lipid droplets. The core D1 domain was found to possess nucleic acid annealing and strand transfer properties. To further understand these chaperone properties, we investigated how the D1 domain and two peptides encompassing the D1 basic clusters chaperoned the annealing of complementary canonical nucleic acids that correspond to the DNA sequences of the HIV-1 transactivation response element TAR and its complementary cTAR. The core peptides were found to augment cTAR-dTAR annealing kinetics by at least three orders of magnitude. The annealing rate was not affected by modifications of the dTAR loop but was strongly reduced by stabilization of the cTAR stem ends, suggesting that the core-directed annealing reaction is initiated through the terminal bases of cTAR and dTAR. Two kinetic pathways were identified with a fast pre-equilibrium intermediate that then slowly converts into the final extended duplex. The fast and slow pathways differed by the number of base pairs, which should be melted to nucleate the intermediates. The three peptides operate similarly, confirming that the core chaperone properties are mostly supported by its basic clusters.
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Gueye PM, Bertrand F, Duportail G, Lessinger JM. Extracellular haemoglobin, oxidative stress and quality of red blood cells relative to perioperative blood salvage. Clin Chem Lab Med 2010; 48:677-83. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2010.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Toussaint B, Emons H, Schimmel HG, Bossert-Reuther S, Canalias F, Ceriotti F, Férard G, Ferrero CA, Franck PF, Gella FJ, Henny J, Jørgensen PJ, Klauke R, Lessinger JM, Mazziotta D, Panteghini M, Ueda S, Schumann G. Traceability of values for catalytic activity concentration of enzymes: a Certified Reference Material for aspartate transaminase. Clin Chem Lab Med 2010; 48:795-803. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2010.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Julien-David D, Ennahar S, Miesch M, Geoffroy P, Raul F, Aoude-Werner D, Lessinger JM, Marchioni E. Effects of oxidation on the hydrolysis by cholesterol esterase of sitosteryl esters as compared to a cholesteryl ester. Steroids 2009; 74:832-6. [PMID: 19464305 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2009.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2009] [Revised: 05/07/2009] [Accepted: 05/08/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Phytosteryl esters (PE) are used as ingredients in functional food to decrease plasma concentration of low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). Effective impairment of cholesterol absorption by PE suggests that these esters are hydrolyzed by the pancreatic cholesterol esterase (CEase, EC 3.1.1.13) and the liberated sterol may interfere with cholesterol reducing its intestinal absorption. PE-enriched foods are marketed for cooking purposes, and temperature is one of the most important factors leading to the formation of oxidation products. Very little is known about the outcome of PE oxides during the digestive process. A new analytical method based on mass spectrometric detection directly after enzymatic reaction was developed to determine in vitro the activity of CEase on PE and their oxides present in functional food. Using this method, we identified a new inhibitor of CEase: sitosteryl 9,10-dihydroxystearate, which behaves as a non-competitive inhibitor of the hydrolysis of cholesteryl oleate and sitosteryl oleate.
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Schumann G, Aoki R, Ferrero CA, Ehlers G, Férard G, Gella FJ, Jørgensen PJ, Kanno T, Kessner A, Klauke R, Kytzia HJ, Lessinger JM, Miller WG, Nagel R, Pauwels J, Schimmel H, Siekmann L, Weidemann G, Yoshida K, Ceriotti F. IFCC primary reference procedures for the measurement of catalytic activity concentrations of enzymes at 37 degrees C. Clin Chem Lab Med 2006; 44:1146-55. [PMID: 16958612 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2006.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This paper is the eighth in a series dealing with reference procedures for the measurement of catalytic activity concentrations of enzymes at 37 degrees C and the certification of reference preparations. Other parts deal with: Part 1. The concept of reference procedures for the measurement of catalytic activity concentrations of enzymes; Part 2. Reference procedure for the measurement of catalytic concentration of creatine kinase; Part 3. Reference procedure for the measurement of catalytic concentration of lactate dehydrogenase; Part 4. Reference procedure for the measurement of catalytic concentration of alanine aminotransferase Part 5. Reference procedure for the measurement of catalytic concentration of aspartate aminotransferase Part 6. Reference procedure for the measurement of catalytic concentration of gamma-glutamyltransferase; Part 7. Certification of four reference materials for the determination of enzymatic activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase and creatine kinase at 37 degrees C. The procedure described here is deduced from the previously described 30 degrees C IFCC reference method. Differences are tabulated and commented on.
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Guéye PM, Glasser N, Férard G, Lessinger JM. Influence of human haptoglobin polymorphism on oxidative stress induced by free hemoglobin on red blood cells. Clin Chem Lab Med 2006; 44:542-7. [PMID: 16681422 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2006.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An in vitro study was conducted to determine whether haptoglobin phenotypes differed in their protective effect against oxidative stress induced by extracellular hemoglobin on red blood cells. METHODS Conjugated dienes and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were determined in human red blood cell membranes in the presence of hemoglobin and various concentrations of each type of purified haptoglobin. In addition, the release of K+ and lactate dehydrogenase from red blood cells was measured. RESULTS A protective effect of haptoglobin was observed in terms of results obtained for the four parameters examined, with significant differences (p<0.001) between the three haptoglobin types; type 1-1 was the most active and type 2-2 the least active. A proportion of oxidative damage was not sensitive to haptoglobin, but to desferrioxamine (an iron chelator), indicating the participation of two actors, hemoglobin and free iron, in the oxidative stress of membrane lipids. CONCLUSIONS The antioxidant role of haptoglobin and the phenotype dependence were confirmed for preventing possible oxidative damage induced by free hemoglobin and iron release during its catabolism.
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Férard G, Piton A, Messous D, Imbert-Bismut F, Frairi A, Poynard T, Lessinger JM. Intermethod calibration of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) results: application to Fibrotest® and Actitest® scores. Clin Chem Lab Med 2006; 44:400-6. [PMID: 16599832 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2006.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractTwo multi-component scores (Fibrotest
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Courrier HM, Pons F, Lessinger JM, Frossard N, Krafft MP, Vandamme TF. In vivo evaluation of a reverse water-in-fluorocarbon emulsion stabilized with a semifluorinated amphiphile as a drug delivery system through the pulmonary route. Int J Pharm 2005; 282:131-40. [PMID: 15336388 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2004.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2004] [Revised: 06/06/2004] [Accepted: 06/06/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The potential of a reverse water-in-fluorocarbon (w-in-FC) emulsion stabilized with a semifluorinated amphiphile, namely C8F17(CH2)11OP(O)[N(CH2CH2)2O]2 (F8H11DMP) for drug delivery through intrapulmonary administration was investigated in the mouse. This study involved assessment of the effect of single or repeated intranasal instillations of a plain emulsion on lung tissue integrity, and evaluation of blood glucose levels in mice treated with an insulin-loaded emulsion. When instilled intranasally to mice, the plain emulsion did not alter lung tissue integrity, as demonstrated by histological staining, and did not induce any airway inflammatory reaction. Treated mice exhibited decreased body weight within the 3-4 days that followed the first emulsion administration, but this decrease was reversible within few days. Mice instilled intranasally with the insulin-loaded emulsion displayed decreased blood glucose levels within the 20 min that followed the administration, thus demonstrating the potential of the reverse w-in-FC emulsion stabilized with F8H11DMP to systemically deliver drugs, including peptides, upon lung administration.
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Férard G, Lessinger JM. [Forum: it is time for standardization in clinical enzymology]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2005; 63:113-4. [PMID: 15712390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
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Férard G, Imbert-Bismut F, Messous D, Piton A, Ueda S, Poynard T, Lessinger JM. A reference material for traceability of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) results. Clin Chem Lab Med 2005; 43:549-53. [PMID: 15899678 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2005.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractStandardization of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) determination is highly desirable for inter-laboratory comparison. Serum AST mean values for 20 patients suffering from viral hepatitis showed an inter-laboratory (n=13) variation of 9.4%. Part of this variation was due to two laboratories using procedures without pyridoxal-5′-phosphate. A traceable AST value was assigned to an enzyme calibrator (EC) through the appropriate International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) primary reference procedure. The EC was commutable for seven routine methods. Common calibration using the EC reduced the inter-laboratory coefficient of variation (CV=5.9%
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Férard G, Imbert-Bismut F, Messous D, Piton A, Abella A, Burnat P, Hainque B, Glasser N, Lessinger JM. [Influence of pyridoxal phosphate in measuring aminotransferases activities in patients with viral hepatitis]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2004; 62:717-20. [PMID: 15563433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2004] [Accepted: 06/25/2004] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Effect of a pyridoxal phosphate (PP) supplementation of reagents used for ALT and AST measurement was studied in serum of 20 patients suffering from viral hepatitis. Measurements of enzyme activities were carried out at 37 degrees C, using an automate (AU 600, Olympus). Significant differences (p < 0.0001) were observed both for ALT and AST, meanwhile they were more marked for ALT than for AST. This difference was associated with a strong interindividual variability regarding PP activation effect on ALT. In conclusion, aminotransferase measurements should be carried out with a reagent supplemented with PP, when the enzyme activity is used to evaluate a cytolysis. The same recommendation applies when ALT results are integrated into various combinations developed for the evaluation of liver status.
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